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class="ydd-article overflow-hidden" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"> <meta itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemid="https://svenska.yle.fi/a/7-10025423"> <div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <div itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <meta itemprop="width" content="180"> <meta itemprop="height" content="180"> </div> <meta itemprop="name" content="Svenska Yle"> </div> <div class="mb-24 px-16 ram:px-0"> <h1 class="ydd-article-headline" itemprop="headline"> <span>Det goda och det onda skägget – manlighet och antisemitism i fantasy och myter</span> </h1> <div class="flex items-center"> <span class="icon icon--time"></span> <span class="text-gray-60 text-xs" property="dc:date dc:created" content="2022-12-31T06:00:12+02:00" datatype="xsd:dateTime" rel="sioc:has_creator"> <span class="published" itemprop="datePublished" content="2022-12-31T06:00:12+02:00">Publicerad 31.12.2022 06:00.</span> <meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2022-12-31T06:00:12+02:00"> </span> </div> </div> <div class="mb-16"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative "> <figure role="group"> <img alt="Jultomten i Rovaniemi 2017 dricker ur en kåsa." itemprop="image" content="https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_5184/w_700/v1605444257/39-5325855c1a4dbda17ed.jpg" data-yle-id="39-5325855c1a4dbda17ed" data-crop-coords="w_5184" data-image-width="5184" data-image-version="1605444257" data-copyright="Kaisa Siren / All Over Press Finland" data-caption="Julgubbens yviga, långa och vita skägg signalerar godhet och visdom." data-ydd-modal-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_5184/w_1400/w_1400,h_933,c_fit/v1605444257/39-5325855c1a4dbda17ed.jpg" data-ydd-modal-width="1400" data-ydd-modal-height="933" class="ydd-image__image js-ydd-image lazyload" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 5184 3456'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cpattern id='blurhash' patternUnits='userSpaceOnUse' width='5184' height='3456'%3E%3Cimage href='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAALCAIAAAD5gJpuAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8ElEQVQokUWQMa4dQRACq5je9f0Dn8K5T/emcfC+ZCKEQCrh7z9/1UkmeXImHrDL7t67u7ddXG2CGUCgFaAWvwlE0ULBr2lH8NvetTWqh2IJa2wtn0JZOoGfzb2Ka2JihFhJdWH72XaZH4YuLRQxZnJOzMHkP05xJ2DLlr30lnKEo5NIomKw2nszUqld9vZ+2r3X7F2qfvkmMeawy0hpab8/3nu1bmiLR+PJmJnHUx2/6LTt3uVz290P93ZgzJxndGbO83rOAFD6o73r/Vya24vN5H3VM/P8emeegfIzgtJt77qbbZO879wWcjIzz/v8AxU8tsM3gD2xAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' 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All Over Press Finland</div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="ydd-author-list border-b border-gray-10 border-t overflow-x-auto pl-16 pr-16 ram:pl-0 ram:pr-0 scrolling-touch whitespace-nowrap"> <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" itemprop="author" class="inline-flex flex-shrink-0 items-center pb-8 pr-24 pt-8"> <a class="focus-underline flex items-center" itemprop="url" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/u/56-7-79"> <div class="ydd-authors-list__placeholder-wrapper bg-gray-60 clip-path-circle flex-shrink-0 mr-8 overflow-hidden rounded-full p-0"> <meta itemprop="image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_3448,h_3448,c_crop,x_1067,y_366/w_700/v1646841698/39-9260476228cd4085b08.jpg"> <div class="ydd-authors-list__image" style="background-image: 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itemprop="articleSection" content="Kultur och nöje" class="ydd-body-content ydd-body-content--article mb-64"> <p class="ydd-lead font-bold text-lg owl:text-xl"> Skägg och kroppsbehåring säger mycket om hur vi ska dela in populärkulturens karaktärer i onda och goda. Fantasyns skäggtroper knyter starkt an till historiens skäggmode men också till djävulen och antisemitism.</p> <p>Det är en mörk oktobersöndag när den sista dagen av årets bokmässa i Helsingfors går av stapeln. Vid scenen Kruunuhaka är sittplatserna fulla, och runt den sittande publiken har en stor halvcirkel av folk som vill lyssna med samlats. På scenen sitter Jyrki Korpua och pratar om sin nyutgivna bok<em>Tolkien ja Kalevala</em> (2022).</p><p>När intervjuaren frågar Korpua om det finns något nytt som han har lärt sig under skrivandet av boken kommer de in på skäggets symbolik. Det är en sak Korpua bara kort tar upp i sin bok, men som han definitivt skulle vara intresserad av att fördjupa sig mera i – både i Tolkiens verk och i Kalevala har skägget nämligen klara funktioner.</p><p>En stund senare är intervjun slut och publiken skingrar sig för att hitta andra programnummer. Jag följer med strömmen mot antikvariatens avdelning, och bland begagnade <em>Star Trek-</em>böcker och annan för mig okänd science fiction hafsar jag ner en snabb anteckning: <em>skägg i populärkulturen</em>. Jag vill genast veta mer om detta. Ett par veckor senare kontaktar jag Jyrki Korpua.</p><h2 class="ydd-heading-large">Skägget – en kort fornhistorik</h2><p>Som med håret som växer på vårt huvud har skägget alltid burit en kulturell betydelse. I mänsklighetens olika kulturer har det använts för att signalera både makt och underkastelse, och som symbol för släktskap med gudarna. Det har pyntats och flätats, kapats av och offrats, startat krig och använts i syfte att kuva fienden.</p><p>Det forna Egyptens kungar och drottningar är ett ypperligt exempel på detta. Kungarna odlade gärna långa, fyrkantiga skägg som pyntades med flätor och färg, pudrades med guld, oljades och parfymerades. Till högtider klädde sig såväl kungar som drottningar i postisch, ett lösskägg gjort av guld och silver som knöts på plats med ett band runt huvudet. Vid sin död smyckades sarkofagerna med det uppåtvända skägg som var reserverat för gudarna.</p><p>Slavarna ja, de var förstås renrakade.</p><div class="ydd-article-image ydd-article-image--normal mb-32 ml-12 mr-12 mt-32 relative"> <div class="relative"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative "> <figure role="group"> <img alt="Farao Tutankhamon" itemprop="image" content="https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_2799/w_700/v1617974093/39-793031607053312eaf8.jpg" data-yle-id="39-793031607053312eaf8" data-crop-coords="w_2799" data-image-width="2799" data-image-version="1617974093" data-copyright="/All Over Press" data-caption="Tutankhamon. Det krökta skägget ansåg vara reserverat gudarna, men vid sin död smyckades de egyptiska kungligheterna också med det." data-ydd-modal-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_2799/w_1400/w_1400,h_2135,c_fit/v1617974093/39-793031607053312eaf8.jpg" data-ydd-modal-width="1400" data-ydd-modal-height="2135" class="ydd-image__image js-ydd-image lazyload" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 2799 4269'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cpattern id='blurhash' patternUnits='userSpaceOnUse' width='2799' height='4269'%3E%3Cimage href='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAQCAIAAACgHXkXAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABGElEQVQYlSXMQW4bQQxE0aoi2ZIdOLcL4Dvk7FlYhiBrpsnKQsDb/M3n388/073nVOD68f7r98e6vnXP/ft++/clACBIUC8kIZIkxaRMQGQkM5TBSJCIVFQkZNIBZqmWsljJJqqUq5Ic0BRzRS2tYhX0ykslNAQilfXCTJCvWaXRJCkpFKEIRMBAhKJS4xnYBEkSpAGTpqiI3N0yYjz22D2j6RkZBJnnHokK7+19znm2wbG7NWYez5YATORkNYPZHuRxorfy+RiKM01uSGPnGtC7fe7Mx93S7N09e5vnnlyj8BgzyMe3Kcezz3MfGz9H1yUzLZFk/twMjdY8j87DdWhdvS5YGRnK42aIWIOjtV3tS/Nt5Es74z89h6oOsuIw3AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'%3E%3C/image%3E%3C/pattern%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' fill='url(%23blurhash)' /%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="2799" height="4269"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_2799/w_700/v1617974093/39-793031607053312eaf8.jpg"/> <noscript class="absolute inset-0"><img class="ydd-image__image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_2799/w_400/v1617974093/39-793031607053312eaf8.jpg" alt="Farao Tutankhamon"/></noscript> <figcaption class="ydd-image__captions text-xs pt-8"> <span class="sr-only">Bildtext</span> <span class="text-gray-70" itemprop="description">Tutankhamon. Det krökta skägget ansåg vara reserverat gudarna, men vid sin död smyckades de egyptiska kungligheterna också med det.</span> <div class="text-gray-60" itemprop="copyrightHolder">Bild: /All Over Press</div> <span class="hidden" itemprop="keywords">Egypten,Tutankhamon</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div><p>Alexander den store införde ett renrakat mode i sitt rike av till synes praktiska orsaker: i strid kunde skägg användas till ens nackdel. Men, påpekar Allan Peterkin i <em>One Thousand Beards. A Cultural History of Facial Hair</em>, förmodligen hade det mest med Alexanders egen fåfänga att göra.</p><p>Fåfänga stod bakom också då den romerske kejsaren Hadrianus gjorde helskägget till mode. Hadrianus odlade nämligen skägg för att dölja ärr och vårtor i ansiktet – och folket följde efter.</p><p>”Ni skall inte klippa håret vid tinningarna, inte kapa av skägget”.</p><p>Citatet kommer från Bibeln, Tredje Moseboken 19:27. Liksom i många andra religioner bjuder kristendomen på denna klara och tydliga regel för hur hår och skägg ska behandlas.</p><p>Ändå bjuder historien och olika religiösa inriktningar på en rad olika riktlinjer när det gäller skägg, och det var framför allt under medeltiden som reglerna börja svinga från den ena ytterligheten till den andra. Under 800-talet hade romerska präster helskägg, medan de grekiska var rakade. Efter splittringen 1054 var modet plötsligt det omvända – och för de grekiska ortodoxerna håller påbudet om skägg i sig till denna dag.</p><blockquote class="ydd-quote flex mb-32 ml-0 mr-0 mt-32"> <div class="ydd-quote__icon flex-shrink-0 mr-24"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="ydd-quote__author" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 25 22"> <path d="M24.378 9.636c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618l-1.924-3.478c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H15.35V.978h9.028v8.658zm-14.652 0c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618L.55 17.776c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H.698V.978h9.028v8.658z" fill="#3DB6C9" fill-rule="nonzero"></path> </svg> </div> <div> <div class="text-2xl"> <p>Under århundradena som följde har ärkebiskopar och biskopar både hotat med bannlysning och vägrat nattvard för den som vågade anlända skäggig till kyrkan</p> </div> </div> </blockquote><p>På den katolska sidan blev förbudet mot skägg bara strängare under en tidsperiod. Gregorius VII, som var påve från 1076 till sin död 1085, förbjöd prästerskapet både äktenskap och skägg, och under århundradena som följde har ärkebiskopar och biskopar både hotat med bannlysning och vägrat nattvard för den som vågade anlända skäggig till kyrkan.</p><p>I judisk tradition har Tredje Mosebokens vers å sin sida gett upphov till peyos, tinningslockarna som bärs av ortodoxa judar. Påbudet är en del av Torans 613 mitzvot, det vill säga direkta påbud eller förbud.</p><h2 class="ydd-heading-large">Manlighetens och styrkans symbol</h2><p>Med all den kulturella historia och tyngd som skägg har är det kanske inte så konstigt att detta hår som växer på (främst) mannens haka också i konsten, myterna och populärkulturen bär med sig en symbolisk tyngd – och ju större skägget är, desto bättre, verkar det som.</p><p>Vi ska tillbaka till Jyrki Korpua, som satt på Bokmässans scen och med entusiasm pratade om viljan att ytterligare fördjupa sig i skäggets betydelse i Kalevala och Tolkiens verk.</p><div class="ydd-article-image ydd-article-image--low cod:ml-0 cod:mr-0 mb-32 ml-32 mr-32 mt-32"> <div class="relative"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative "> <figure role="group"> <img alt="Porträttbild på en man med skägg och svart t-shirt." itemprop="image" content="https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_1279/w_700/v1672232898/39-10076336321975e6f6c3.jpg" data-yle-id="39-10076336321975e6f6c3" data-crop-coords="w_1279" data-image-width="1279" data-image-version="1672232898" data-copyright="Pertti Kinnunen" data-caption="Jyrki Korpua." data-ydd-modal-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_1279/w_1279/v1672232898/39-10076336321975e6f6c3.jpg" data-ydd-modal-width="1279" data-ydd-modal-height="1920" class="ydd-image__image js-ydd-image lazyload" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 1279 1920'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cpattern id='blurhash' patternUnits='userSpaceOnUse' width='1279' height='1920'%3E%3Cimage href='data:image/png;base64,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' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'%3E%3C/image%3E%3C/pattern%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' fill='url(%23blurhash)' /%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="1279" height="1920"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_1279/w_700/v1672232898/39-10076336321975e6f6c3.jpg"/> <noscript class="absolute inset-0"><img class="ydd-image__image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_1279/w_400/v1672232898/39-10076336321975e6f6c3.jpg" alt="Porträttbild på en man med skägg och svart t-shirt."/></noscript> <figcaption class="ydd-image__captions text-xs pt-8"> <span class="sr-only">Bildtext</span> <span class="text-gray-70" itemprop="description">Jyrki Korpua.</span> <div class="text-gray-60" itemprop="copyrightHolder">Bild: Pertti Kinnunen</div> <span class="hidden" itemprop="keywords">Kalevala,Sagan om ringen (roman),J. R. R. Tolkien</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div><p>För honom vaknade intresset för skägg på allvar för inte alls så länge sedan, under ett litteraturseminarium i Lojo i somras. Temat var Kalevala ur olika synvinklar och Korpua en av talarna.</p><p>Under kaffepausens diskussion handlade samtalet om skägg i både fornfinska dikter och i världens myter, och det fick Korpuas tankar att vandra.</p><p>– Skägg spelar ju en stor roll också i Tolkiens verk. Dvärgarnas skägg är mycket omskrivna och Gandalf i det närmaste marknadsförs som den skäggiga trollkarlen, även om han också hånas för det av Saurons mun, säger Korpua.</p><p>Korpua är forskare och fackboksförfattare, och har specialiserat sig bland annat på Kalevala och J.R.R. Tolkiens världar. I den nyutgivna boken <em>Tolkien ja Kalevala</em> studerar han närmare kopplingarna mellan det finska nationaleposet och den fantasyvärld som filologen Tolkien skapade, väldigt inspirerad av olika nordiska myter och sagor.</p><blockquote class="ydd-quote flex mb-32 ml-0 mr-0 mt-32"> <div class="ydd-quote__icon flex-shrink-0 mr-24"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="ydd-quote__author" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 25 22"> <path d="M24.378 9.636c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618l-1.924-3.478c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H15.35V.978h9.028v8.658zm-14.652 0c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618L.55 17.776c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H.698V.978h9.028v8.658z" fill="#3DB6C9" fill-rule="nonzero"></path> </svg> </div> <div> <div class="text-2xl"> <p>I berättelsen om Túrin Turambar i Silmarillion antecknade jag många gånger ”som Kullervo!”</p> </div> <div class="mt-16 text-gray-70 text-md"> ― Jyrki Korpua </div> </div> </blockquote><p>Likheterna mellan dessa började Korpua notera redan som en liten pojke.</p><p>– Tolkien började jag läsa i 6-7 års ålder, och jag minns att jag redan som liten började göra anteckningar när jag läste; ”som i Kalevala!” I berättelsen om Túrin Turambar i <em>Silmarillion</em> antecknade jag många gånger ”som Kullervo” med ett utropstecken, berättar Korpua.</p><p>I den finska folktraditionen är skägget manlighetens, styrkans, ålderns och erfarenhetens symbol, säger Korpua. Väinämöinen är den gamle och vise, i illustrationer ofta gestaltad med långt, vitt skägg – inte helt olik många gestaltningar av den nordiska guden Oden. Motsatsen är Joukahainen, ung och slät, som i ungdomens naivitet tror sig kunna utmana Väinämöinen men som får se sig besegrad när han sjungs ner i ett kärr.</p><div class="ydd-article-image ydd-article-image--normal mb-32 ml-12 mr-12 mt-32 relative"> <div class="relative"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative "> <figure role="group"> <img alt="En naken ung kvinna med långt ljust hår (Aino) jagas av en gammal man med långt vitt skägg (Väinämöinen). Mittersta bilden i Gallén- Kallelas triptyk om Aino-myten." itemprop="image" content="https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_1920/w_700/v1645700580/39-9197816217642c90e2a.jpg" data-yle-id="39-9197816217642c90e2a" data-crop-coords="w_1920" data-image-width="1920" data-image-version="1645700580" data-copyright="" data-caption="Akseli Gallen-Kallelas klassiska målning av Väinämöinen och Aino, som Joukahainen lovar bort i utbyte mot att få leva." data-ydd-modal-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_1920/w_1400/w_1400,h_788,c_fit/v1645700580/39-9197816217642c90e2a.jpg" data-ydd-modal-width="1400" data-ydd-modal-height="788" class="ydd-image__image js-ydd-image lazyload" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 1920 1080'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cpattern id='blurhash' patternUnits='userSpaceOnUse' width='1920' height='1080'%3E%3Cimage href='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAJCAIAAAC0SDtlAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABJUlEQVQYlS3NOW4bQRAF0F/V1T2g7h/5CoYPY2cOnZiwzNGQs/ZaX4nyBzz59v2HqpjFGGMIBqC2fp7na10/lnmeH+vyqPsrtGsCk4oFFRFRgQIKkFBARYKKhZDMppg0psCR2KPAUlARCSIGKJ2EkxEyqb3FadzerNUO16zWi3FY+hqoHDJIMgwPZFK9WeJ0i7c+6BCEAu3FlC6EAICQcKcPoncZHiBRjSGOkCBBAfFhvWThFyfpg22wdi+119Jqaa32URpzlfOSvNm17QAAgk7ncLbuuXmu48ztOnPdj76vvi2yvcv139bnC6AICZLeB0v3q4wj9+2o23odr60sHz7fcf+pS7V9XSGAEEKnN/fcxpHHa6/zM/977H/+Ppffd+AXAACf0c/sx6NtTyoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'%3E%3C/image%3E%3C/pattern%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' fill='url(%23blurhash)' /%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="1920" height="1080"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_1920/w_700/v1645700580/39-9197816217642c90e2a.jpg"/> <noscript class="absolute inset-0"><img class="ydd-image__image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_1920/w_400/v1645700580/39-9197816217642c90e2a.jpg" alt="En naken ung kvinna med långt ljust hår (Aino) jagas av en gammal man med långt vitt skägg (Väinämöinen). Mittersta bilden i Gallén- Kallelas triptyk om Aino-myten."/></noscript> <figcaption class="ydd-image__captions text-xs pt-8"> <span class="sr-only">Bildtext</span> <span class="text-gray-70" itemprop="description">Akseli Gallen-Kallelas klassiska målning av Väinämöinen och Aino, som Joukahainen lovar bort i utbyte mot att få leva.</span> <span class="hidden" itemprop="keywords">Väinämöinen,Kalevala,målning,Akseli Gallen-Kallela,Ainomyten</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div><p>Skäggets och hårets makt går igen i myterna, sagorna och religionen, säger Korpua. Odens och Tors skägg och Frejas hår i den nordiska mytologin, regler och anvisningar om hår och skägg, och berättelser som den om Simson och Dalila (Dom 16:4-16:20) i Bibeln – för att nämna några</p><p>– Det är något med skäggväxt som är magiskt.</p><h2 class="ydd-heading-large">Den onda odlar inget skägg</h2><p>Om man så talar om Väinämöinen, Gandalf, Dumbledore eller Julgubben så tycks både myternas och populärkulturens goda protagonister ha en sak gemensamt när det gäller skägg: det ska vara stort och yvigt, gärna grått eller allra helst vitt. Den vise och erfarne, ledsagaren som kan vara sträng men som innerst inne vill väl – åtminstone för det mesta.</p><p>Kanske är det en ålderns och vishetens symbol, något som andas tillförlitlighet och förnuft. Kanske är det kopplat till medeltidens gudaavbildningar, där den kristna guden gestaltas med samma stora, yviga skägg som ovan nämnda mytiska och populärkulturella figurer.</p><div class="ydd-article-image ydd-article-image--normal mb-32 ml-12 mr-12 mt-32 relative"> <div class="relative"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative "> <figure role="group"> <img alt="michelangelo kända målning på sixtinska kapellets tak" itemprop="image" content="https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_1303/w_700/v1394212302/14-svyle-87647531973ad16835.jpg" data-yle-id="14-svyle-87647531973ad16835" data-crop-coords="w_1303" data-image-width="1303" data-image-version="1394212302" data-copyright="sixtinska kapellet" data-caption="Skäggfria Adam och yvigt skäggige Gud, på Sixtinska kapellets tak." data-ydd-modal-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_1303/w_1303/v1394212302/14-svyle-87647531973ad16835.jpg" data-ydd-modal-width="1303" data-ydd-modal-height="670" class="ydd-image__image js-ydd-image lazyload" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 1303 670'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cpattern id='blurhash' patternUnits='userSpaceOnUse' width='1303' height='670'%3E%3Cimage href='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAICAIAAAB/FOjAAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABBElEQVQYlQXBR1IEMQwAQCXbs/H/L+AC/+ICBWx5nGRJdOP72wciinDKKWcRYWHEiNh7rzl7a2c7az3P82x9zCmuk4gCEzhBMAFiIEZERLi5mW/1ra7LdcXeoq8fYsbjAnAjZmIhRAgAM1+6R9dWtf5pPb2PWCrz+5NTpvvTEEIEmBEk3F3N1rLRd6u7veysPgaoyfj94lTQnUmEhRAiZYTwrWEW7giOEERO5EQmaygbgDSQFxBa7FwKM4cbEEop+fYwABeJ0nAtMb46oKtZqwvt8HFcrqUcKSXKKcsDS8HLFfoNesXZxfMdMHbYmmPCXN53zKAnpaekQpzYL1gOL9my2Ej/qLPDm7N2ockAAAAASUVORK5CYII=' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'%3E%3C/image%3E%3C/pattern%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' fill='url(%23blurhash)' /%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="1303" height="670"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_1303/w_700/v1394212302/14-svyle-87647531973ad16835.jpg"/> <noscript class="absolute inset-0"><img class="ydd-image__image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_1303/w_400/v1394212302/14-svyle-87647531973ad16835.jpg" alt="michelangelo kända målning på sixtinska kapellets tak"/></noscript> <figcaption class="ydd-image__captions text-xs pt-8"> <span class="sr-only">Bildtext</span> <span class="text-gray-70" itemprop="description">Skäggfria Adam och yvigt skäggige Gud, på Sixtinska kapellets tak.</span> <div class="text-gray-60" itemprop="copyrightHolder">Bild: sixtinska kapellet</div> <span class="hidden" itemprop="keywords">gud,adam,sixtinska kapellet,michelangelo</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div><p>– Det finns ett finskt talesätt: ei parta pahoille kasva, skägg växer inte åt den onde, säger Korpua, men tillägger sedan skrattandes:</p><p>– Fast visst kan onda också få skägg, så det ska man nog inte lita på.</p><p>Från Tolkiens värld är ett exempel Saruman, trollkarlen som ledde det vita rådet i kampen mot Sauron men som av ärelystnad övergick till mörkrets sida. Han, liksom de övriga trollkarlarna, bär ett långt skägg och innehar också rollen som den äldste och visaste av dem – tills han låter sig korrumperas av sin avundsjuka och sitt maktbegär.</p><blockquote class="ydd-quote flex mb-32 ml-0 mr-0 mt-32"> <div class="ydd-quote__icon flex-shrink-0 mr-24"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="ydd-quote__author" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 25 22"> <path d="M24.378 9.636c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618l-1.924-3.478c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H15.35V.978h9.028v8.658zm-14.652 0c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618L.55 17.776c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H.698V.978h9.028v8.658z" fill="#3DB6C9" fill-rule="nonzero"></path> </svg> </div> <div> <div class="text-2xl"> <p>Ei parta pahoille kasva, skägg växer inte åt den onde</p> </div> <div class="mt-16 text-gray-70 text-md"> ― Jyrki Korpua </div> </div> </blockquote><p>Liknande dubbelhet går att finna i till exempel <em>Harry Potter</em>-universets Albus Dumbledore. I böckernas nutid är han den gamle, vise trollkarlen som med godhet ledsagar och tar hand om Harry – men som i senare böcker visar sig ha en mycket mer komplex karaktär, med sitt hemlighetsfulla och manipulativa sätt att leda kampen mot Voldemort, och med ett förflutet där han låtit sig förföras av en fascistisk ideologi.</p><p>De mera renodlat onda karaktärerna tenderar å sin sida att ha betydligt klenare skäggväxt.</p><div class="ydd-article-image ydd-article-image--normal mb-32 ml-12 mr-12 mt-32 relative"> <div class="relative"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative "> <figure role="group"> <img alt="" itemprop="image" content="https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_3072/w_700/v1394210857/14-svyle-839315319739add7be.jpg" data-yle-id="14-svyle-839315319739add7be" data-crop-coords="w_3072" data-image-width="3072" data-image-version="1394210857" data-copyright="© 2011 Warner Bros Entertainment Inc." data-caption="Harry Potter och Voldemort i den sista striden i filmatiseringen av Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows." data-ydd-modal-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_3072/w_1400/w_1400,h_586,c_fit/v1394210857/14-svyle-839315319739add7be.jpg" data-ydd-modal-width="1400" data-ydd-modal-height="586" class="ydd-image__image js-ydd-image lazyload" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 3072 1286'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cpattern id='blurhash' patternUnits='userSpaceOnUse' width='3072' height='1286'%3E%3Cimage href='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAHCAIAAACOQloVAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABAUlEQVQYlQXByVLDMAwAUMlLSFsGhvZWbp1y4wL//zVcoVkc2bFk2eY9RMTr7f799Xn/uF3fr5fL+XQ4WWOraKIUljBN02N6TOGxpIWUHAD43lvVIlKYOWeLxqKtRTlnzlmYVURLabVAVXcGGJuUSLQu8+hbLXE8WDAqmlOmlcK6bmHZ0ypC2nb3CmCFcpiXP9+bxLAOw4Dd1KKceKcYN4oxJCFuUZFdBZA803Y0AxZlOhydc9CxivLOOaY90p431q0gVSPuB+Blhf42W342MnbrfOvQQUtllaRMmkmIypQaMIIDgNBg6OXFeuNH/3T0fkBA47UZawGgV275tzlQhQr/l0LTep/yXLEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'%3E%3C/image%3E%3C/pattern%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' fill='url(%23blurhash)' /%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="3072" height="1286"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_3072/w_700/v1394210857/14-svyle-839315319739add7be.jpg"/> <noscript class="absolute inset-0"><img class="ydd-image__image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_3072/w_400/v1394210857/14-svyle-839315319739add7be.jpg" alt=""/></noscript> <figcaption class="ydd-image__captions text-xs pt-8"> <span class="sr-only">Bildtext</span> <span class="text-gray-70" itemprop="description">Harry Potter och Voldemort i den sista striden i filmatiseringen av Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows.</span> <div class="text-gray-60" itemprop="copyrightHolder">Bild: © 2011 Warner Bros Entertainment Inc.</div> <span class="hidden" itemprop="keywords">harry potter and the deathly hallows part 2</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div><p>I Harry Potter-universet finns förstås det klockrena exemplet Voldemort. Som ung beskrivs han som vacker och stilig, med mörkt hår, men i takt med att han försvinner allt djupare in i ondskan blir han blek, monstruös, ormlik och kal – särskilt i filmernas gestaltning av honom. Han är Dumbledores antites, skägglös.</p><p>– Det finns ett slags icke-mänsklig aspekt när det gäller fantasyns onda karaktärer och hårlösheten, det får en främmandegörande effekt. Att någon är helt hårlös ger den monsteraktiga egenskaper, vilket Voldemort är ett exempel på, säger Korpua.</p><p>En skäggtyp ofta förknippad med onda karaktärer är bockskägget, ibland kombinerat med en välfriserad mustasch. Tänk Jafar i <em>Aladdin </em>(1992), Hans Gruber i <em>Die Hard </em>(1988) eller varför inte det alternativa universumets Spock, i avsnittet <em>Mirror, Mirror</em> (1967), där en ond version av Spock har – just det – bockskägg. Också i Harry Potter finns en sådan karaktär, rektorn för skolan Durmstrang Igor Karkaroff.</p><blockquote class="ydd-quote flex mb-32 ml-0 mr-0 mt-32"> <div class="ydd-quote__icon flex-shrink-0 mr-24"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="ydd-quote__author" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 25 22"> <path d="M24.378 9.636c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618l-1.924-3.478c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H15.35V.978h9.028v8.658zm-14.652 0c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618L.55 17.776c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H.698V.978h9.028v8.658z" fill="#3DB6C9" fill-rule="nonzero"></path> </svg> </div> <div> <div class="text-2xl"> <p>Karkaroff had a fruity, unctuous voice; when he stepped into the light pouring from the front doors of the castle, they saw that he was tall and thin like Dumbledore, but his white hair was short, and his goatee (finishing in a small curl) did not entirely hide his rather weak chin</p> </div> <div class="mt-16 text-gray-70 text-md"> ― Ur Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire </div> </div> </blockquote><p>Bockskäggets kopplingar till onda karaktärer går tillbaka till medeltidens gestaltningar av djävulen som en figur med horn, vingar och bockskägg. De stereotypa dragen används för att signalera ondska också hos andra, till exempel i antisemitiska nidbilder.</p><p>– Troll, vittror, gargouiller och djävulsfigurers näsor och skägg har jämförts med medeltidens stereotypa förnedrande bilder av judar, konstaterar Jyrki Korpua.</p><p>Den äldsta nidbilden vi känner till finns klottrad <a class="deco-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://www.nybooks.com/online/2016/06/06/the-first-anti-jewish-caricature/" title="Essä i The New York Review, skriven av historikern Sara Lipton på engelska.">i en engelsk skattebok från år 1233</a>. Den lilla ritningen skildrar judar i ett slott som attackeras av demoner med stora krökta näsor och horn. På mitten tronar sig en karaktär med tre ansikten; ett sett framifrån och två i profil, med en krona på huvudet, krökt näsa och bockskägg på alla tre ansikten.</p><p>Figuren med tre ansikten och bockskägg föreställer den historiskt väldokumenterade Isaac de Norwich, eller Isaac ben Eliav, en judisk-engelsk handelsman och långivare som levde i London och Norwich under 1100- och 1200-talen. De tre ansiktena och kronan tycks ha som syfte att likställa honom med antikrist, som ofta gestaltas just så i illustrationer, <a class="deco-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://www.nybooks.com/online/2016/06/06/the-first-anti-jewish-caricature/">enligt medeltida historiker Sara Lipton</a>. Det är i enlighet med tendensen att förknippa judar med djävulen och generell ondska, i syfte att svartmåla.</p><h2 class="ydd-heading-large">Fantasykaraktärernas antisemitiska rötter</h2><p>Dessa antisemitiska nidbilder har sedermera letat sig in i fantasygenren – och det gäller inte bara bockskägget och den krökta näsan. Också fantasyarter som dvärgar, svartalfer (<em>goblins</em>) och tomtar (<em>gnomes</em>) delar samma rötter.</p><p>De judefientliga nidbildernas fortlevnad inom fantasygenren har studerats bland annat av Mika Loponen, som i sin doktorsavhandling <a class="deco-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/299080"><em>The Semiospheres of Prejudice in the Fantastic Arts: The Inherrited Racism of Irrealia and Their Translation</em></a> analyserar dessa karaktärstypers utveckling i relation till deras antisemitiska ursprung.</p><p>Enligt Mika Loponen är det Tolkien som tar sagornas och folklorens dvärgar och för in dem i fantasyn genom <em>The Hobbit</em> (1937). Tolkiens dvärgar var, trots sina nordiska namn tagna direkt ur den poetiska Eddan, medvetet kopplade till judar och judiska stereotyper – bland annat i sin kärlek för guld och rikedomar.</p><blockquote class="ydd-quote flex mb-32 ml-0 mr-0 mt-32"> <div class="ydd-quote__icon flex-shrink-0 mr-24"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="ydd-quote__author" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 25 22"> <path d="M24.378 9.636c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618l-1.924-3.478c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H15.35V.978h9.028v8.658zm-14.652 0c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618L.55 17.776c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H.698V.978h9.028v8.658z" fill="#3DB6C9" fill-rule="nonzero"></path> </svg> </div> <div> <div class="text-2xl"> <p>Tolkiens dvärgar var, trots sina nordiska namn tagna direkt ur den poetiska Eddan, medvetet kopplade till judar och judiska stereotyper</p> </div> </div> </blockquote><p>Tolkiens avsikter var inte illasinnade – och hans kritik mot antisemitism och nazism är väldokumenterad i hans brevväxling – men han undgick ändå inte att reproducera den tidstypiska rasismen mot judar.</p><p>Till skillnad från gobliner, vars antisemitiska drag bara tycks ha förstärkts med tiden – se till exempel de giriga, ondsinta svartalferna med stora, krökta näsor som styr Gringottsbanken i <em>Harry Potter</em> – har fantasygenrens dvärgar utvecklats bort från judiska stereotyper. I modern tolkning har de snarare kommit att förknippas med Skottland. De är protagonister med goda avsikter, generellt hjälpsamma och lojala.</p><p>Och – förstås – skäggiga på det goda sättet: långt och yvigt, ett signalement för deras i grunden välvilliga karaktär.</p><div class="ydd-article-image ydd-article-image--normal mb-32 ml-12 mr-12 mt-32 relative"> <div class="relative"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative "> <figure role="group"> <img alt="The Hobbit" itemprop="image" content="https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_1175/w_700/v1394225070/14-svyle-1136635319743a0c0d6.jpg" data-yle-id="14-svyle-1136635319743a0c0d6" data-crop-coords="w_1175" data-image-width="1175" data-image-version="1394225070" data-copyright="New Line Cinema" data-caption="Den enda skägglösa i gruppen av protagonister i Hobbit-filmerna är Bilbo. Kanske ett tecken på hans naivitet och oerfarenhet jämför med dvärgarna och Gandalf?" data-ydd-modal-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_1175/w_1175/v1394225070/14-svyle-1136635319743a0c0d6.jpg" data-ydd-modal-width="1175" data-ydd-modal-height="699" class="ydd-image__image js-ydd-image lazyload" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 1175 699'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cpattern id='blurhash' patternUnits='userSpaceOnUse' width='1175' height='699'%3E%3Cimage href='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAKCAIAAAAy3EnLAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABIElEQVQYlTWPS64UQQwEM213axBH5QCI+7Ll+2a6q8ouJ4sRUmwjpOC3r1/MGKcfZ8ThcCvxXv286+9zfTzHfE2Ocfb8xDytAoQIQG8IGRDU6XgE6zA7qWYUKQAIAYQkqTcaRhnJgAmH7GE+I/KIPRILqg5BLXS3tmQi6W6H28NQwc+HzyPu8EGbjfUWAHT3LjgA0OlhZuEKVNg0c5mSeffeFS1QgprcttubIQPCGHSjqV1hsnczM9T/B1RAocQybe99WHgLtaoya2XOXNeM3kIL3buqOsuqAsfy4wiGS5xrX69xPed4jvkxQyVJKnW2Ktl5c3vQI+jeQmXf13z9vq9fY/wYoYZavbVLtbozuxMEzWDW4s5e1xp/xv1z5vf1D71fAu+nsb/BAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'%3E%3C/image%3E%3C/pattern%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' fill='url(%23blurhash)' /%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="1175" height="699"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_1175/w_700/v1394225070/14-svyle-1136635319743a0c0d6.jpg"/> <noscript class="absolute inset-0"><img class="ydd-image__image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_1175/w_400/v1394225070/14-svyle-1136635319743a0c0d6.jpg" alt="The Hobbit"/></noscript> <figcaption class="ydd-image__captions text-xs pt-8"> <span class="sr-only">Bildtext</span> <span class="text-gray-70" itemprop="description">Den enda skägglösa i gruppen av protagonister i Hobbit-filmerna är Bilbo. Kanske ett tecken på hans naivitet och oerfarenhet jämför med dvärgarna och Gandalf?</span> <div class="text-gray-60" itemprop="copyrightHolder">Bild: New Line Cinema</div> <span class="hidden" itemprop="keywords">the hobbit</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div><h2 class="ydd-heading-large">Välfriserade sexsymboler</h2><p>Trots denna återkommande markör för manlighet, vishet och godhet är det vildvuxna skägget inget ideal i det västerländska samhället. Skägg – om man alls har ett – ska vara vältrimmat och välvårdat, det finns shampoon och oljor, kammar och vax, och salonger specialiserade på skäggvård.</p><p>Det är ett skifte i den finska kulturen, tror forskare Jyrki Korpua, som samtidigt noterar ökningen av frisörsalonger och herrfrisörer av persiskt och arabiskt ursprung i Finland.</p><p>– Den persiska kulturen har en tusenårig tradition av skäggtrimning, och både i det forna och i dagens Iran, Irak och Syrien-område är skäggtrimning en uppskattad del av kulturen, säger han.</p><blockquote class="ydd-quote flex mb-32 ml-0 mr-0 mt-32"> <div class="ydd-quote__icon flex-shrink-0 mr-24"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="ydd-quote__author" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 25 22"> <path d="M24.378 9.636c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618l-1.924-3.478c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H15.35V.978h9.028v8.658zm-14.652 0c0 5.476-1.85 9.324-7.252 11.618L.55 17.776c3.848-1.702 4.736-3.922 4.736-8.14H.698V.978h9.028v8.658z" fill="#3DB6C9" fill-rule="nonzero"></path> </svg> </div> <div> <div class="text-2xl"> <p>I synnerhet Kili och Thorin blev närmast sexsymboler</p> </div> <div class="mt-16 text-gray-70 text-md"> ― Jyrki Korpua </div> </div> </blockquote><p>De facto, konstaterar Korpua, har det välvårdade skägget också letat sig in i fantasyskildringar av traditionellt vildskäggiga karaktärer. Han lyfter fram filmatiseringen av <em>The Hobbit</em> och dvärgarna, som gått från källtextens burdusa, skojfriska och oslipade karaktärer till sexiga hjältar. I alla fall vissa av dem.</p><p>– I marknadsföringen för filmerna poserar dvärgarna barbröstade och med vältrimmade skägg, och i synnerhet Kili och Thorin blev närmast sexsymboler, säger Korpua.</p><p>Trots det är det knappast någon som ifrågasätter vem i dessa filmer som är visdomen och kraften självt. Om du inte kan gissa ska du här få en ledtråd:</p><div class="ydd-article-image ydd-article-image--normal mb-32 ml-12 mr-12 mt-32 relative"> <div class="relative"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative "> <figure role="group"> <img alt="Ian Mckellen och Elijah Wood i filmen Sagan om ringen" itemprop="image" content="https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_3200/w_700/v1607096645/39-7506355fca58d4371ed.jpg" data-yle-id="39-7506355fca58d4371ed" data-crop-coords="w_3200" data-image-width="3200" data-image-version="1607096645" data-copyright="/All Over Press" data-caption="Visdomen själv, Gandalf." data-ydd-modal-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_3200/w_1400/w_1400,h_933,c_fit/v1607096645/39-7506355fca58d4371ed.jpg" data-ydd-modal-width="1400" data-ydd-modal-height="933" class="ydd-image__image js-ydd-image lazyload" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 3200 2132'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cpattern id='blurhash' patternUnits='userSpaceOnUse' width='3200' height='2132'%3E%3Cimage href='data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAALCAIAAAD5gJpuAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABJElEQVQokTWMO25cQRADyZ5++4MO4DM49/3P41AC1ta+aZIOJAMVVFAo/vr5Y/Xl+ni7Pd5u90dfr7Uqwda8zv15nq9zv8YKjQJXV6EKRRRBogACQAgQYYJ8ORYApI/FtXh8UegKCQEV04ZNu2KiqlDFvjTXwvGfLoBBrJgWNdQsm1WL3cXuyip0oSvNLAZ0vveCBtqVLFaDTTYjQgUxJsIYIPJdZzZmIya7wgW05gVQM5YksSqgZWs8isazE5vxook+/37UIda1emNtg0CNLFmWJGtsBwBpp5/vWJencnfdxONwsUr2+RU7o4wEY5vV6Pff6AO3fGg9pi6XrForycjjKFFyKtrKJiqL5DYg4XrnuqCWASWSRzOavXVufU7+bDwn/wAPefi/USgSVgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'%3E%3C/image%3E%3C/pattern%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' fill='url(%23blurhash)' /%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="3200" height="2132"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/fl_keep_iptc/q_88/w_3200/w_700/v1607096645/39-7506355fca58d4371ed.jpg"/> <noscript class="absolute inset-0"><img class="ydd-image__image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_3200/w_400/v1607096645/39-7506355fca58d4371ed.jpg" alt="Ian Mckellen och Elijah Wood i filmen Sagan om ringen"/></noscript> <figcaption class="ydd-image__captions text-xs pt-8"> <span class="sr-only">Bildtext</span> <span class="text-gray-70" itemprop="description">Visdomen själv, Gandalf.</span> <div class="text-gray-60" itemprop="copyrightHolder">Bild: /All Over Press</div> <span class="hidden" itemprop="keywords">Sagan om ringen,Ian McKellen,Elijah Wood</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="-ml-16 -mr-16"> <details class="ydd-article-tags__details mb-32 ml-16 mt-32"> <summary class="ydd-article-tags__summary cursor-pointer flex pb-16 pointer-events-none relative select-none summary-reset"> <div class="flex"> <div class="ydd-article-tags__pill bg-gray-5 border border-gray-10 flex items-center pointer-events-auto rounded-4xl"> <span id="aria-article-tags" class="ydd-article-tags__pill-text text-gray-60 truncate">Taggar: <span aria-hidden="true" itemprop="keywords" content="skägg, J. R. R. Tolkien, Harry Potter, litteratur, mode, populärkultur, Fantasy, Kalevala, Tolkien, religion, Väinämöinen, kultur, Andra Moseboken, historia, filmer">Skägg, J. R. R. Tolkien</span> </span> <span class="ydd-article-tags__toggle ml-8"></span> </div> </div> </summary> <div class="ydd-article-tags__content pl-8"> <ul class="ydd-article-tags__list break-word list-reset relative w-full" aria-labelledby="aria-article-tags"> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-211092">Skägg</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-189195">J. R. R. Tolkien</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-175943">Harry Potter</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-211012">Litteratur</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-206583">Mode</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-219773">Populärkultur</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-275553">Fantasy</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-206463">Kalevala</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-295306">Tolkien</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-207816">Religion</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-168199">Väinämöinen</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-208149">Kultur</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-164419">Andra Moseboken</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-216267">Historia</a> </li> <li class="ydd-article-tags__list-item mb-16 pl-16 relative"> <a class="deco-link" href="/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/t/18-204945">Filmer</a> </li> </ul> </div> </details> <aside id="ydd-article-related-content"> <div class="border-b-4 border-gray-10 deco-line-title mb-16 mt-8 pl-16 pr-16 w-full"> <div class="items-center flex justify-between"> <h3 class="font-yle-black text-lg" id="aria-articles-list-related-content"> Relaterat </h3> </div> </div> <div class="ydd-cards w-full list-"> <div class="ydd-card ydd-card--s-extended"> <div class="ydd-card__wrap"> <div class="ydd-card__content mr-16 ml-16 flex flex-wrap"> <div class="w-full"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206/https://svenska.yle.fi/a/7-10007873"> <div class="ml-16 mb-8 w-1/4 float-right cod:w-1/6"> <div class="relative"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject" class="ydd-image relative "> <figure role="group"> <img alt="En man med stor mustasch och en hatt på huvudet. 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<noscript class="absolute inset-0"><img class="ydd-image__image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103015206im_/https://images.cdn.yle.fi/image/upload/f_auto,fl_progressive/q_auto/w_1687,h_1687,c_fill,g_faces/w_400/v1559117978/39-5668285cee40636542e.jpg" alt="Francis Rossi spelar elgitarr."/></noscript> </figure> </div> </div> </div> <h3 class="font-yle-black mb-16 text-md dog:text-lg">Musiktest: Vilket band leds av Francis Rossi och vem hade frukost i Amerika?</h3> </a> <p class="mb-0 text-gray-95 text-md">Svenska Yles musiktest!</p> <div class="ydd-card__footer flex flex-wrap items-center mt-16"> <div class="flex items-center mb-8"> <span class="flex icon icon--time"></span> <div aria-label="Publicerad" class="mr-8 pr-11 pb-5 pt-5 text-gray-60 text-xs">31.5.2019</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="border-gray-10 border-t mx-16"></div> <div class="ydd-card ydd-card--s-extended"> <div class="ydd-card__wrap"> <div class="ydd-card__content mr-16 ml-16 flex 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href='data:image/png;base64,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' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'%3E%3C/image%3E%3C/pattern%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' fill='url(%23blurhash)' /%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="4000" height="4000"> <meta itemprop="url" 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href='data:image/png;base64,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' x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'%3E%3C/image%3E%3C/pattern%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' fill='url(%23blurhash)' /%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="3024" height="3024"> <meta itemprop="url" 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