CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="mt" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Iżlanda - Wikipedija</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )mtwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","Jannar","Frar","Marzu","April","Mejju","Ġunju","Lulju","Awwissu","Settembru","Ottubru","Novembru","Diċembru"],"wgRequestId":"e153c3a8-2e9e-48b9-b430-5e402e2ecb7c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Iżlanda","wgTitle":"Iżlanda","wgCurRevisionId":313578,"wgRevisionId":313578,"wgArticleId":6023,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","Żbalji CS1: parametri mhux magħrufa u vojta","Sorsi CS1 bl-Ingliż (en)","Paġni li jużaw ħoloq maġiċi tal-ISBN","Iżlanda","Pajjiżi stabbiliti fl-1944"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"mt","wgPageContentLanguage":"mt","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Iżlanda","wgRelevantArticleId":6023,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Islanda", "wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"mt","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"mt"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":70000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/I%C5%BClanda","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q189","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled": false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.tmh.player","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=mt&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=mt&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=mt&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/1200px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="864"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/800px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="576"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/640px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="461"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Iżlanda - Wikipedija"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//mt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%BClanda"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Editja" href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedija (mt)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//mt.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%BClanda"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.mt"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Feed Atom ta' Wikipedija" href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:TibdilRi%C4%8Benti&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Iżlanda rootpage-Iżlanda skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Aqbeż għall-kontentut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sit"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu prinċipali" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu prinċipali</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu prinċipali</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigazzjoni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Il-Pa%C4%A1na_prin%C4%8Bipali" title="Żur il-paġna prinċipali [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Il-Paġna prinċipali</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:TibdilRi%C4%8Benti" title="Lista tal-bidliet riċenti fil-wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Bidliet riċenti</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Pa%C4%A1naKwalunkwe" title="Uri paġna kwalunkwe [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Paġna kwalunkwe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-community" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-community" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunità </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/About-url" title="Kun af aktar fuq il-Wikipedija"><span>Dwar il-Wikipedija</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Kuntatt" title="Kif tagħmel kuntatt mal-Wikipedija"><span>Kuntatt</span></a></li><li id="n-Avvenimenti-riċenti" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:L-a%C4%A7%C4%A7ar_a%C4%A7barijiet"><span>Avvenimenti riċenti</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Pjazza" title="Iddiskuti fuq il-Wikipedija"><span>Pjazza</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Gwida fuq kif tuża' u timmodifika 'l-Wikipedija"><span>Għajnuna</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Il-Pa%C4%A1na_prin%C4%8Bipali" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-mt.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="L-enċiklopedija l-ħielsa" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-mt.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Fittex" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Fittex fis-sit: Wikipedija [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Fittex</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Fittex fis-sit: Wikipedija" aria-label="Fittex fis-sit: Wikipedija" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Fittex fis-sit: Wikipedija [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speċjali:Fittex"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Fittex</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Għodda personali"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Dehra"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dehra" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dehra</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_mt.wikipedia.org&uselang=mt" class=""><span>Donazzjonijiet</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:O%C4%A7loqKont&returnto=I%C5%BClanda" title="Nagħtuk parir toħloq kont u tidħol fih; però dan mhux obligatorju." class=""><span>Oħloq kont</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:UtentD%C4%A7ul&returnto=I%C5%BClanda" title="Inħeġġuk tidħol fil-kont tiegħek, għalkemm dan mhux obbligatorju [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Idħol</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Aktar għażliet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Għodda personali" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Għodda personali</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_mt.wikipedia.org&uselang=mt"><span>Donazzjonijiet</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:O%C4%A7loqKont&returnto=I%C5%BClanda" title="Nagħtuk parir toħloq kont u tidħol fih; però dan mhux obligatorju."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Oħloq kont</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:UtentD%C4%A7ul&returnto=I%C5%BClanda" title="Inħeġġuk tidħol fil-kont tiegħek, għalkemm dan mhux obbligatorju [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Idħol</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Il-paġni għal edituri anonimi <a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:Introduction" aria-label="Tgħallem iktar dwar kif timmodifika"><span>kun af aktar</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:KontribuzzjonijietTieg%C4%A7i" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribuzzjonijiet</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:DiskussjonijietTieg%C4%A7i" title="Diskussjoni dwar il-modifiki magħmula minn dan l-indirizz tal-IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussjoni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eaħbi\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"mt\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background:white;width:100%; padding: 0.5ex; margin: 0 0 5px;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \u0026#39;Segoe UI\u0026#39;, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, \u0026#39;Apple Color Emoji\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Segoe UI Emoji\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Segoe UI Symbol\u0026#39;; text-align: center; font-size: 16pt; color: grey\"\u003E\u003Cp style=\"font-size: 10.5pt\"\u003EŻomm ruħek aġġornat mal-attivitajiet ta' \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.wikimalta.org\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:#3b5998; font-weight:bolder;\"\u003EWikimedia Community Malta\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E, għaqda bl-għan li tgħin fit-titjib tal-Wikipedija Maltija.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"clear: both;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sit"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kontenut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kontenut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Bidu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Medju_Evu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medju_Evu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Medju Evu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medju_Evu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lingwa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lingwa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Lingwa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lingwa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Letteratura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Letteratura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Letteratura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Letteratura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ġeografija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ġeografija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ġeografija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ġeografija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ġeoloġija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ġeoloġija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ġeoloġija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ġeoloġija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Klima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relazzjonijiet_mal-Unjoni_Ewropea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relazzjonijiet_mal-Unjoni_Ewropea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Relazzjonijiet mal-Unjoni Ewropea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relazzjonijiet_mal-Unjoni_Ewropea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Ekonomija</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ekonomija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uri jew aħbi s-sottosezzjoni Ekonomija</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ekonomija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Trasport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trasport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Trasport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trasport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mogħdija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mogħdija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.1</span> <span>Mogħdija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mogħdija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trasport_pubbliku" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trasport_pubbliku"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.2</span> <span>Trasport pubbliku</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trasport_pubbliku-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-l-ivvjaġġar_bl-ajru" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#l-ivvjaġġar_bl-ajru"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.3</span> <span>l-ivvjaġġar bl-ajru</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-l-ivvjaġġar_bl-ajru-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baħar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baħar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.4</span> <span>Baħar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baħar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enerġija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enerġija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Enerġija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enerġija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edukazzjoni_u_xjenza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edukazzjoni_u_xjenza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Edukazzjoni u xjenza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edukazzjoni_u_xjenza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Demografija</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demografija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uri jew aħbi s-sottosezzjoni Demografija</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demografija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Saħħa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saħħa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Saħħa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saħħa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reliġjon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reliġjon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Reliġjon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reliġjon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Kultura</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kultura-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uri jew aħbi s-sottosezzjoni Kultura</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kultura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Letteratura_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Letteratura_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Letteratura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Letteratura_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Arti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mużika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mużika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Mużika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mużika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kċina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kċina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>Kċina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kċina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.5</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenzi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenzi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Referenzi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenzi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kontenut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aħbi jew uri l-werrej" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aħbi jew uri l-werrej</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Iżlanda</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Żur artiklu f'lingwa differenti. Disponibbli fi 275 lingwi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-275" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">275 lingwi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Исландиа – Abkażjan" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Исландиа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkażjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Aċiniż" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Aċiniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Исландие – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Исландие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vetrina"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ysland" title="Ysland – Afrikans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ysland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Ġermaniż tal-Iżvizzera" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż tal-Iżvizzera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8B%AD%E1%88%B5%E1%88%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5" title="አይስላንድ – Amhariku" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አይስላንድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhariku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Aragoniż" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Ingliż Antik" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Ingliż Antik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisilan" title="Aisilan – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Aisilan" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसलैंड – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="आइसलैंड" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="آيسلندا – Għarbi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آيسلندا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Għarbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="إسلاندا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إسلاندا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="ايسلاندا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايسلاندا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Avarik" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avarik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसलैंड – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="आइसलैंड" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandiya" title="Islandiya – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Islandiya" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slandiya" title="İslandiya – Ażerbajġani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İslandiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Ażerbajġani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ایسلند – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایسلند" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Baliniż" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Baliniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Islandėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Islandėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandya" title="Islandya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Islandya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Ісландыя – Belarussu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ісландыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Ісьляндыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ісьляндыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88slan" title="Èslan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Èslan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Bulgaru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसलैंड – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="आइसलैंड" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aislan" title="Aislan – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Aislan" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisland" title="Aisland – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Aisland" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="আইসল্যান্ড – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আইসল্যান্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨཡིསུ་ལེན་ཌ། – Tibetjan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨཡིསུ་ལེན་ཌ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="আইসল্যান্ড – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="আইসল্যান্ড" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Bożnijaku" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bożnijaku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Исланд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Исланд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A0ndia" title="Islàndia – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Islàndia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%ADng-d%C5%8D%CC%A4" title="Bĭng-dō̤ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Bĭng-dō̤" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Исланди – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Исланди" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandya" title="Islandya – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Islandya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%A7%E1%8F%81%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%B8%E1%8E%AF" title="ᏧᏁᏍᏓᎸᎯ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏧᏁᏍᏓᎸᎯ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ئایسلەند – Kurd Ċentrali" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئایسلەند" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurd Ċentrali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Korsiku" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slandiya" title="İslandiya – Tork tal-Krimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İslandiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tork tal-Krimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Ċek" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ċek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island%C3%ABj%C3%B4" title="Islandëjô – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Islandëjô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A" title="Исландъ – Slaviku tal-Knisja" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Исландъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Slaviku tal-Knisja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Исланди – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Исланди" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwlad_yr_I%C3%A2" title="Gwlad yr Iâ – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwlad yr Iâ" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Daniż" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Ġermaniż" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slanda" title="İslanda – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İslanda" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandska" title="Islandska – Sorbjan Komuni" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Islandska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Sorbjan Komuni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसल्याण्ड – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="आइसल्याण्ड" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%8D%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%91%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%B0" title="އައިސްލަންޑަން – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އައިސްލަންޑަން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%8C%E0%BC%8B" title="ཨའིསི་ལེནཌ་ – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཨའིསི་ལེནཌ་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ισλανδία – Grieg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ισλανδία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Ingliż" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingliż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islando" title="Islando – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Islando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vetrina"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Spanjol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanjol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Estonjan" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ایسلند – Persjan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایسلند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islannda" title="Islannda – Fulah" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Islannda" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fulah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanti" title="Islanti – Finlandiż" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Islanti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisiladi" title="Aisiladi – Fiġjan" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Aisiladi" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiġjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dsland" title="Ísland – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Ísland" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islande" title="Islande – Franċiż" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Islande" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Franċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islun" title="Islun – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Islun" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islande" title="Islande – Frijuljan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Islande" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Frijuljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ysl%C3%A2n" title="Yslân – Frisian tal-Punent" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Yslân" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisian tal-Punent" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_%C3%8Doslainn" title="An Íoslainn – Irlandiż" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Íoslainn" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slandiya" title="İslandiya – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="İslandiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islann" title="Islann – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Islann" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innis_T%C3%ACle" title="Innis Tìle – Galliku Skoċċiż" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Innis Tìle" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Galliku Skoċċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Galiċjan" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiċjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il%C3%A1ndia" title="Ilándia – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ilándia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसलँड – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="आइसलँड" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B3" title="𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 – Gotiku" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%86%E0%AA%88%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A1" title="આઈસલેંડ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="આઈસલેંડ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Eeslynn" title="Yn Eeslynn – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Eeslynn" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayislan" title="Ayislan – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ayislan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AAn-t%C3%B3" title="Pên-tó – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Pên-tó" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C4%80ina_Hau" title="ʻĀina Hau – Ħawajjan" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻĀina Hau" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Ħawajjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="איסלנד – Ebrajk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איסלנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ebrajk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसलैण्ड – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आइसलैण्ड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Kroat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandska" title="Islandska – Sorbjan ta’ Fuq" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Islandska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbjan ta’ Fuq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islann" title="Islann – Creole ta’ Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Islann" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Creole ta’ Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izland" title="Izland – Ungeriż" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Izland" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungeriż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Իսլանդիա – Armen" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսլանդիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Indoneżjan" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneżjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Исланди – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Исланди" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islando" title="Islando – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Islando" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dsland" title="Ísland – Iżlandiż" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ísland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Iżlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Taljan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Taljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="アイスランド – Ġappuniż" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイスランド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Ġappuniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aislan" title="Aislan – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Aislan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/island" title="island – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="island" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88slan" title="Èslan – Ġavaniż" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Èslan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Ġavaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ისლანდია – Ġorġjan" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ისლანდია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Ġorġjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandiya" title="Islandiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Islandiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Kabuljan" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabuljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Ислэнд – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Ислэнд" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isiland%C9%A9" title="Isilandɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Isilandɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islande" title="Islande – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Islande" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Każak" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Każak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%8B" title="ប្រទេសអ៊ីស្លង់ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ប្រទេសអ៊ីស្លង់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%90%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D" title="ಐಸ್‍ಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಐಸ್‍ಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C" title="아이슬란드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아이슬란드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Исланд – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Исланд" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Kolonjan" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Kolonjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Eslenda" title="Îslenda – Kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îslenda" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Korniku" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Korniku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Kirgiż" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Lussemburgiż" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lussemburgiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Leżgjan" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Leżgjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isilandi" title="Isilandi – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Isilandi" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iesland" title="Iesland – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Iesland" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandi" title="Islandi – Lingaljan" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Islandi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingaljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%87" title="ປະເທດອິດສະລັງ – Laosjan" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດອິດສະລັງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laosjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandija" title="Islandija – Litwan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Islandija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AAslandeja" title="Īslandeja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Īslandeja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islande" title="Islande – Latvjan" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Islande" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Maduriż" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Maduriż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसलैंड – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="आइसलैंड" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Исландмастор – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Исландмастор" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandy" title="Islandy – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Islandy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Исландий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Исландий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiorangi" title="Tiorangi – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Tiorangi" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Исланд – Maċedonjan" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Исланд" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Maċedonjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%90%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="ഐസ്‌ലാന്റ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഐസ്‌ലാന്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Исланд – Mongoljan" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Исланд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongoljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A2%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯑꯥꯢꯁ꯭ꯂꯦꯟ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯥꯢꯁ꯭ꯂꯦꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसलँड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आइसलँड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisl%C3%A1ndia" title="Eislándia – Mirandiż" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Eislándia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%9C%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="အိုက်စလန်နိုင်ငံ – Burmiż" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အိုက်စလန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Исландия Мастор – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Исландия Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ایسلند – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ایسلند" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iesland" title="Iesland – Ġermaniż Komuni" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Iesland" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż Komuni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieslaand" title="Ieslaand – Sassonu Komuni" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Ieslaand" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Sassonu Komuni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसल्यान्ड – Nepaliż" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="आइसल्यान्ड" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepaliż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJsland" title="IJsland – Olandiż" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="IJsland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Olandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Ninorsk Norveġiż" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Ninorsk Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Bokmal Norveġiż" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islande" title="Islande – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Islande" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaunde" title="Islaunde – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Islaunde" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin_K%C3%A9yah" title="Tin Kéyah – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tin Kéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A0ndia" title="Islàndia – Oċċitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Islàndia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oċċitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandii" title="Islandii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Islandii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aayislaandi" title="Aayislaandi – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Aayislaandi" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A1" title="ଆଇସଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆଇସଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Исланди – Ossettiku" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Исланди" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossettiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1" title="ਆਈਸਲੈਂਡ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਈਸਲੈਂਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Pangasinjan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandya" title="Islandya – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Islandya" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islinde" title="Islinde – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Islinde" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसलैंड – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="आइसलैंड" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Pollakk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pollakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B3_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="آئس لینڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آئس لینڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ισλανδία – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ισλανδία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89" title="آيسلينډ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="آيسلينډ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vetrina"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A2ndia" title="Islândia – Portugiż" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Islândia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanriya" title="Islanriya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Islanriya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Romanz" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romanz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Rumen" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Aromanjan" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanne" title="Islanne – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Islanne" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Russu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Ісланд – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ісланд" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isilande" title="Isilande – Kinjarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Isilande" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinjarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="आइसलैंड – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="आइसलैंड" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%B0" title="ᱟᱭᱤᱥᱞᱮᱱᱰ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱭᱤᱥᱞᱮᱱᱰ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Sardinjan" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Sqalli" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sqalli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Skoċċiż" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skoċċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B3_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%8A" title="آئس لينڊ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آئس لينڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A1nda" title="Islánda – Sami tat-Tramuntana" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Islánda" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami tat-Tramuntana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A2nde" title="Islânde – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Islânde" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Serbo-Kroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayslanda" title="Ayslanda – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Ayslanda" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A2%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းဢၢႆးသလႅၼ်ႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းဢၢႆးသလႅၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BA" title="අයිස්ලන්තය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අයිස්ලන්තය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Slovakk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B3_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="آئس لینڈ – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="آئس لینڈ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandija" title="Islandija – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Islandija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiselani" title="Aiselani – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Aiselani" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yisirandi" title="Yisirandi – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Yisirandi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayslaan" title="Ayslaan – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ayslaan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Albaniż" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Исланд – Serb" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Исланд" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islenikondre" title="Islenikondre – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Islenikondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echweni" title="Echweni – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Echweni" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Soto tan-Nofsinhar" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Soto tan-Nofsinhar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieslound" title="Ieslound – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Ieslound" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia" title="Islandia – Sundaniż" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Islandia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island" title="Island – Żvediż" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Island" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Żvediż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isilandi" title="Isilandi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Isilandi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandyjo" title="Islandyjo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Islandyjo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="ஐசுலாந்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐசுலாந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="ఐస్‌లాండ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఐస్‌లాండ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izl%C3%A1ndia" title="Izlándia – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Izlándia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Taġik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Taġik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศไอซ์แลนด์ – Tajlandiż" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศไอซ์แลนด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandi%C3%BDa" title="Islandiýa – Turkmeni" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Islandiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandij%C9%99" title="Islandijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Islandijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBAisilani" title="ʻAisilani – Tongan" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻAisilani" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aislan" title="Aislan – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Aislan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0zlanda" title="İzlanda – Tork" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İzlanda" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tork" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Tuvinjan" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Исландия – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Исландия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="ئىسلاندىيە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئىسلاندىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ісландія – Ukren" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ісландія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukren" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B3_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="آئس لینڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آئس لینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandiya" title="Islandiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Islandiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanda" title="Islanda – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Islanda" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandii" title="Islandii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Islandii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland – Vjetnamiż" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Iceland" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vjetnamiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vetrina"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ysland" title="Ysland – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Ysland" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lislade%C3%A4n" title="Lisladeän – Volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lisladeän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izlande" title="Izlande – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Izlande" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandya" title="Islandya – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Islandya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islaand" title="Islaand – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Islaand" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B2%9B" title="冰岛 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="冰岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayisilend" title="Ayisilend – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ayisilend" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ისლანდია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ისლანდია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="איסלאנד – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="איסלאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dsl%C3%A1nd%C3%AC" title="Íslándì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Íslándì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binghdauj" title="Binghdauj – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Binghdauj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iesland" title="Iesland – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Iesland" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B7%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ – Tamazight Standard tal-Marokk" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵙⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Standard tal-Marokk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B2%9B" title="冰岛 – Ċiniż" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="冰岛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Ċiniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B3%B6" title="冰島 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="冰島" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng-t%C3%B3" title="Peng-tó – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Peng-tó" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B3%B6" title="冰島 – Kantoniż" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="冰島" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantoniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Ayisilandi" title="I-Ayisilandi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="I-Ayisilandi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Immodifika l-ħoloq interlingwi" class="wbc-editpage">Immodifika l-ħoloq</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spazji tal-isem"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/I%C5%BClanda" title="Uri l-paġna ta' kontenut [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Paġna</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussjoni:I%C5%BClanda" rel="discussion" title="Diskussjoni dwar il-paġna ta' kontenut [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussjoni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Biddel il-varjant tal-lingwa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Malti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visti"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/I%C5%BClanda"><span>Aqra</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit" title="Immodifika din il-paġna [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editja</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Immodifika s-sors</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=history" title="Verżjonijiet preċedenti ta' din il-paġna [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ara l-kronoloġija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Għodda tal-paġna"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Għodda" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Għodda</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Għodda</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azzjonijiet </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/I%C5%BClanda"><span>Aqra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit" title="Immodifika din il-paġna [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editja</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Immodifika s-sors</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=history"><span>Ara l-kronoloġija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ġenerali </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:XiJwassalHawn/I%C5%BClanda" title="Lista tal-paġni tal-wiki kollha li jwasslu hawn [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Li jwasslu 'l hawn</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:TibdilRelatat/I%C5%BClanda" rel="nofollow" title="Modifiki riċenti f'paġni b'ħolqa minn din il-paġna [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Tibdil relatat</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=mt" title="Tella' fajls [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Tella' fajl</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Pa%C4%A1niSpe%C4%8Bjali" title="Lista tal-paġni speċjali kollha [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Paġni speċjali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&oldid=313578" title="Ħolqa permanenti għal din il-verżjoni tal-paġna"><span>Ħolqa permanenti</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=info" title="Aktar informazzjoni fuq din il-paġna"><span>Informazzjoni fuq il-paġna</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:I%C4%8B%C4%8Bita&page=I%C5%BClanda&id=313578&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazzjoni fuq kif tiċċita din il-paġna"><span>Iċċita dan l-artiklu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FI%25C5%25BClanda"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FI%25C5%25BClanda"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ipprintja/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:Ktieb&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=I%C5%BClanda"><span>Oħloq ktieb</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:DownloadAsPdf&page=I%C5%BClanda&action=show-download-screen"><span>Niżżel bħala PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&printable=yes" title="Verżjoni tal-ipprintjar ta' din il-paġna [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verżjoni għall-ipprintjar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Fi proġetti oħra </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dsland" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189" title="Ħolqa għall-element konness tal-arkivju tad-dejta [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element ta' Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Għodda tal-paġna"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Dehra"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Dehra</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Minn Wikipedija, l-enċiklopedija l-ħielsa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Rindirizzat minn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islanda&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Islanda">Islanda</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mt" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:22em; font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr class="adr"> <th colspan="3" align="center" class="mergedtoprow fn org country-name" style="line-height:1.2em; padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em; font-size:1.25em;">Repubblika tal-Iżlanda<div style="padding-top:0.25em;"><i>Lýðveldið Ísland</i></div></th> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td class="maptable" colspan="3" align="center" style="padding:0.5em 0;"><table align="center" style="width:100%; background:none;"><tbody><tr> <td align="center" style="width:58%; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Flag_of_Iceland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lýðveldið Ísland – Bandiera"><img alt="Lýðveldið Ísland – Bandiera" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/125px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/188px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/250px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></td> <td align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lýðveldið Ísland – Emblema"><img alt="Lýðveldið Ísland – Emblema" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="870" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td align="center"><small></small></td> <td align="center"><small></small></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td> </tr><tr> <td class="anthem" colspan="3" style="line-height:1.2em; text-align:center;"><b>Innu nazzjonali: </b><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lofs%C3%B6ngur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lofsöngur (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Lofsöngur</a></i><br /><small>Innu</small><center><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="100" data-mwtitle="Lofsöngur.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/Lofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg/Lofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Lofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=bbc-latn&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="bbc-Latn" label="Batak Toba ‪(bbc-latn)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=de&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="de" label="Deutsch ‪(de)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=fo&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fo" label="føroyskt ‪(fo)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=is&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="is" label="íslenska ‪(is)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=ja&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ja" label="日本語 ‪(ja)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=ko&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ko" label="한국어 ‪(ko)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ALofs%C3%B6ngur.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></center><br /></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center; padding:0.6em 0em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Europe-Iceland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Europe-Iceland.svg/250px-Europe-Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Europe-Iceland.svg/375px-Europe-Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Europe-Iceland.svg/500px-Europe-Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="1720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="position:relative; top:0.3em;"><small></small></div> </td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Belt_kapitali" title="Belt kapitali">Belt kapitali</a></b><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demografija_tal-I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demografija tal-Iżlanda (il-paġna ma teżistix)">(u l-ikbar belt)</a> </td><td><a href="/wiki/Rejkjavik" title="Rejkjavik">Rejkjavik</a><br /><small><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=I%C5%BClanda&params=64_08_N_21_56_W_type:country(103,001)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapep, ritratti mill-ajru, u dati oħra għal dan il-post"><span class="latitude">64°08′N</span> <span class="longitude">21°56′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">64.133°N 21.933°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">64.133; -21.933</span></span></span></a></span> </span></small><p><small></small> </p> </td></tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Lingwa_uffi%C4%8Bjali" title="Lingwa uffiċjali">Lingwi uffiċjali</a></th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingwa_I%C5%BClandi%C5%BCa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingwa Iżlandiża (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Iżlandiż</a></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2">Gvern</th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repubblika_kostituzzjonali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Repubblika kostituzzjonali (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Repubblika kostituzzjonali</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistema_parlamentari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistema parlamentari (il-paġna ma teżistix)">parlamentari</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stat_unitarju&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stat unitarju (il-paġna ma teżistix)">unitarja</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_tal-I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="President tal-Iżlanda (il-paġna ma teżistix)">President</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guðni Th. Jóhannesson (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Guðni Th. Jóhannesson</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prim_Ministru_tal-I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prim Ministru tal-Iżlanda (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Prim Ministru</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katr%C3%ADn_Jakobsd%C3%B3ttir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katrín Jakobsdóttir (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Katrín Jakobsdóttir</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Althing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Althing (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Kelliem tal-Althing</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steingr%C3%ADmur_J._Sigf%C3%BAsson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steingrímur J. Sigfússon (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Steingrímur J. Sigfússon</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="3">Stabbiliment</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soluzzjoni_tal-I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soluzzjoni tal-Iżlanda (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Soluzzjoni</a></td> <td>Seklu 9 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Ej%C3%B3%C3%B0veldi%C3%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Þjóðveldið (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Commonwealth</a></td> <td>930–1262 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Unjoni man-Norveġja</td> <td>1262–1814 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarkija_tad-Danimarka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarkija tad-Danimarka (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Monarkija Daniża</a></td> <td>1380–1944 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kostituzzjoni_tal-I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kostituzzjoni tal-Iżlanda (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Kostituzzjoni</a></td> <td>5 ta' Jannar 1874 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renju_tal-I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renju tal-Iżlanda (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Renju tal-Iżlanda</a></td> <td>1 ta' Diċembru 1918 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Referendum_kostituzzjonali_I%C5%BClandi%C5%BC_(1944)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Referendum kostituzzjonali Iżlandiż (1944) (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Repubblika</a></td> <td>17 ta' Ġunju 1944 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="3">Erja</th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Total</td> <td>103,001 km<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Lista_ta%27_pajji%C5%BCi_skont_l-erja" title="Lista ta' pajjiżi skont l-erja">108</a>)<br />39,770 mil kwadru </td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Ilma (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Per%C4%8Bentwal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perċentwal (il-paġna ma teżistix)">%</a>)</td> <td>2.7</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Popolazzjoni" title="Popolazzjoni">Popolazzjoni</a></th> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">ċensiment tal-2013</td> <td>321,857<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A0_tal-popolazzjoni" title="Densità tal-popolazzjoni">Densità</a></td> <td>3.1/km<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Lista_ta%27_pajji%C5%BCi_skont_id-densit%C3%A0_ta%27_popolazzjoni" title="Lista ta' pajjiżi skont id-densità ta' popolazzjoni">232</a>)<br />7.5/mili kwadri</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prodott_gross_domestiku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prodott gross domestiku (il-paġna ma teżistix)">PGD</a></b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Parit%C3%A0_tas-sa%C4%A7%C4%A7a_tax-xiri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parità tas-saħħa tax-xiri (il-paġna ma teżistix)">PSX</a>)</td> <td>stima tal-2012</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Total</td> <td>$12.831 biljun<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Per_capita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Per capita (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Per capita</a></td> <td>$39,223<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prodott_gross_domestiku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prodott gross domestiku (il-paġna ma teżistix)">PGD</a></b> (nominali)</td> <td>stima tal-2012</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Total</td> <td>$13.654 biljun<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Per_capita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Per capita (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Per capita</a></td> <td>$41,739<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indi%C4%8Bi_tal-I%C5%BCvilupp_Uman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indiċi tal-Iżvilupp Uman (il-paġna ma teżistix)">IŻU</a></b> (2013)</td> <td><span title="Increase"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> 0.906 (<span style="color:#090;">għoli ħafna</span>) (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_ta%27_pajji%C5%BCi_skont_l-Indi%C4%8Bi_tal-I%C5%BCvilupp_Uman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista ta' pajjiżi skont l-Indiċi tal-Iżvilupp Uman (il-paġna ma teżistix)">13</a>)</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valuta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valuta (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Valuta</a></th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korona_I%C5%BClandi%C5%BCa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korona Iżlandiża (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Korona Iżlandiża</a> (<code><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_4217&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 4217 (il-paġna ma teżistix)">ISK</a></code>) </td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBona_tal-%C4%A7in" title="Żona tal-ħin">Żona tal-ħin</a></th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%A6in_Meridjan_ta%27_Greenwich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ħin Meridjan ta' Greenwich (il-paġna ma teżistix)">GMT</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%A6in_Koordinat_Universalment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ħin Koordinat Universalment (il-paġna ma teżistix)">UTC</a>+0)</span></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lista_ta%27_kodi%C4%8Bi_telefoni%C4%8Bi" title="Lista ta' kodiċi telefoniċi">Kodiċi telefoniku</a></th> <td>+354</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dominju_tal-aqwa_livell_nazzjonali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dominju tal-aqwa livell nazzjonali (il-paġna ma teżistix)">TLD tal-internet</a></th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=.is&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".is (il-paġna ma teżistix)">.is</a></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p>L-<b>Iżlanda</b>, uffiċjalment magħrufa bħala r-<b>Repubblika tal-Iżlanda</b>, hija pajjiż <a href="/wiki/Pajji%C5%BCi_Nordi%C4%8Bi" title="Pajjiżi Nordiċi">Nordiku</a> iżolat għalkollox minn mal-kumplament tal-<a href="/wiki/Unjoni_Ewropea" title="Unjoni Ewropea">Unjoni Ewropea</a>. Din il-gżira mbiegħda tinsab fil-konfluwenza tat-Tramuntana tal-<a href="/wiki/O%C4%8Bean_Atlantiku" title="Oċean Atlantiku">Oċean Atlantiku</a> u l-<a href="/w/index.php?title=O%C4%8Bean_Artiku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oċean Artiku (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Oċeani Artiċi</a> fuq in-naħa Atlantika nofsanija.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_Govt_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_Govt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il-popolazzjoni ta' dan il-pajjiż hija ta' madwar 320,000 ruħ u l-erja totali tal-art hija ta' 103,000 kilometru kwadru; b'hekk hija l-inqas art ippopolata fl-<a href="/wiki/Ewropa" title="Ewropa">Ewropa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Statice_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Statice-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rejkjavik" title="Rejkjavik">Rejkjavik</a> hija l-<a href="/wiki/Belt_kapitali" title="Belt kapitali">belt kapitali</a> u l-ikbar belt tal-pajjiż.<sup id="cite_ref-Young2009_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Young2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fil-postijiet tal-madwar fir-reġjun tal-Lbiċ tal-pajjiż joqogħdu żewġ terzi tal-popolazzjoni. Il-belt kapitali ta' dan in-nazzjon hija l-iktar belt li tinsab mibnija f'altitudni għolja fid-dinja. L-Iżlanda hija magħrufa wkoll għall-attività <a href="/wiki/Vulkan" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Vulkan">vulkanika</a> u <a href="/wiki/%C4%A0eolo%C4%A1ija" title="Ġeoloġija">ġeoloġika</a> tagħha. L-art fuq ġewwa tikkonsisti minn wita kkaretterizzat mir-ramel u mill-għelieqi tal-<a href="/wiki/Lava" title="Lava">lava</a>, muntanji u glaċieri, waqt li bosta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xmara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xmara (il-paġna ma teżistix)">xmajjar glaċjali</a> jogħlew sal-baħar mill-artijiet il-baxxi. L-Iżlanda jirnexxilha żżomm it-temperatura tagħha sħuna permezz tal-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Golf_Influss&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golf Influss (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Golf Influss</a> u jingħad li l-Iżlanda għandha klima moderata minkejja l-altitudni għolja 'l barra miċ-<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Airku_Artiku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ċirku Artiku (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ċirku Artiku</a>. </p><p>Skont <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Landn%C3%A1mab%C3%B3k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Landnámabók (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Landnámabók</a></i>, in-nies bdew jgħixu fuq dan il-pajjiż Nordiku mis-sena 847 W.K. meta l-kmandant <a href="/wiki/Ing%C3%B3lfr_Arnarson" title="Ingólfr Arnarson">Ingólfr Arnarson</a> sar l-ewwel abitant permanenti ta' entiċità <a href="/wiki/Norve%C4%A1ja" title="Norveġja">Norveġiża</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tomasson_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tomasson-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oħrajn kienu żaru l-gżira qabel u qagħdu hemmhekk sakemm tgħaddi x-xitwa kiefra. Matul is-sekli li ġejjin, in-Norveġiżi insedjaw l-Iżlanda u ġabu magħhom xi oġġetti ta' oriġini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaeli%C4%8Bi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaeliċi (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Gaeliku</a>. Mill-1262 sal-1918, l-Iżlanda kienet tifforma parti integrali min-Norveġja, u iktar tard parti mill-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarkija_tad-Danimarka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarkija tad-Danimarka (il-paġna ma teżistix)">monarkiji Daniżi</a>. Il-pajjiż attribwixxa l-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Att_tal-Unjoni_Dani%C5%BC-I%C5%BClandi%C5%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Att tal-Unjoni Daniż-Iżlandiż (il-paġna ma teżistix)">indipendenza tiegħu fl-1918</a> u beda jissejjaħ Repubblika sa mill-1944. Sas-seklu għoxrin, il-<a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClandi%C5%BCi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iżlandiżi (il-paġna ma teżistix)">popolazzjoni Iżlandiża</a> kienet tiddependi ħafna fuq is-sajd u l-agrikoltura (jiġifieri l-produzzjoni tal-ħxejjex u l-<a href="/wiki/Frott" title="Frott">frott</a>) u l-pajjiż kien meqjus bħala wieħed mill-iktar nazzjonijiet foqra u l-inqas avvanzati fid-dinja. L-industrijalizzazzjoni tal-pixkeriji u l-għajnuna mogħtija mingħand il-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjan_Marshall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pjan Marshall (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Pjan Marshall</a> ġabet il-prosperità fis-snin ta' wara t-<a href="/wiki/It-Tieni_Gwerra_Dinjija" title="It-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija">Tieni Gwerra Dinjija</a>, u sal-1990, l-Iżlanda rnexxielha ssir waħda mill-iktar pajjiżi sinjuri u żviluppati fid-dinja. Fl-1994, l-Iżlanda ssieħbet maż-<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BBona_Ekonomika_Ewropea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Żona Ekonomika Ewropea (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Żona Ekonomika Ewropea</a>, li wasslet biex l-ekonomija tiddiversifika fis-servizzi ekonomiċi u finanzjarji. </p><p>L-ekonomija tas-suq tal-Iżlanda hija waħda ħielsa, b'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxxa_korporattiva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taxxa korporattiva (il-paġna ma teżistix)">taxxi korporattivi</a> li huma relattivament baxxi meta mqabbla ma' nazzjonijiet oħra tal-OECD<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, filwaqt li tinżamm sistema tal-benesseri Nordika li tipprovdi l-kura tas-saħħa b'mod universali flimkien mal-<a href="/wiki/Edukazzjoni" title="Edukazzjoni">edukazzjoni</a> terzjarja għaċ-ċittadini tagħha.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fl-2013, l-indiċi tan-<a href="/wiki/%C4%A0nus_Mag%C4%A7quda" title="Ġnus Magħquda">Nazzjonijiet Uniti</a> rigward l-iżvilupp tal-bniedem qiegħed lill-Iżlanda fit-tlettax-il post fejn ingħatat il-mertu preġjat tal-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_ta%27_pajji%C5%BCi_skont_l-Indi%C4%8Bi_tal-I%C5%BCvilupp_Uman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista ta' pajjiżi skont l-Indiċi tal-Iżvilupp Uman (il-paġna ma teżistix)">iktar nazzjon żviluppat fid-dinja</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HDI_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDI-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Però biex il-pajjiż wasal fejn qiegħed illum kellu jgħaddi mill-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Falliment_bankarju&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Falliment bankarju (il-paġna ma teżistix)">falliment bankarju</a> tal-2008, li kkawża ħafna nkwiet politiku. Fid-dawl tal-kriżi, l-Iżlandiżi ħasbu biex jikkontrollaw il-kapital tagħhom, żball ieħor li pprojbixxa lill-poplu milli jiġbed flusu minn diversi fergħat tal-bank.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Għalkemm huma temporanji, il-kontrolli jibqgħu u huma fost l-ikbar ostakli għall-ksib tal-interessi nazzjonali fl-ekonomija Iżlandiża. Ir-rankatura tal-Iżlanda hija waħda għolja fl-istabilità ekonomika u politika, minkejja l-fatt li dawn l-oqsma għadhom għaddejjin minn proċess ta' rkupru mill-kriżi finanzjarja tal-2008. L-ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi hija apprezzatta ħafna fl-Iżlanda, infatti fir-rapport globali tal-2012, li jitkellem rigward l-ugwaljanza, l-Iżlanda tokkupa l-ewwel post, segwita mill-<a href="/wiki/Finlandja" title="Finlandja">Finlandja</a>, mill-<a href="/wiki/%C5%BBvezja" title="Żvezja">Iżvezja</a> u min-Norveġja.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il-<a href="/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura">kultura</a> Iżlandiża hija bbażata fuq il-wirt Nordiku li jipposjedi dan il-pajjiż. Bosta Iżlandiżi huma d-dixxendenti ta' abitanti Norveġiżi u Gaeliċi. L-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingwa_I%C5%BClandi%C5%BCa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingwa Iżlandiża (il-paġna ma teżistix)">ilsien Iżlandiż</a> huwa lsien Nord-Ġermaniku u huwa d-dixxendent dirett tal-ilsien qadim li kienu jitħaddtu bih in-Norveġiżi. L-Iżlandiż jixbah ħafna lill-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingwa_Faroi%C5%BCa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingwa Faroiża (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Faroiż</a> li huwa mitkellem fuq il-<a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C5%BCejjer_Foroe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gżejjer Foroe (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Gżejjer Foroe</a>, u jixxiebah mad-djaletti Norveġiż tal-Punent. Il-wirt kulturali tal-pajjiż jinkludi l-<a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C4%8Bina_I%C5%BClandi%C5%BCa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kċina Iżlandiża (il-paġna ma teżistix)">kċina tradizzjonali Iżlandiża</a>, il-<a href="/wiki/Poe%C5%BCija" title="Poeżija">poeżiji</a> u s-sagi Iżlandiżi li ġejjin miż-żminijiet <a href="/wiki/Medjuevu" title="Medjuevu">Medjevali</a>. Fost il-membri tan-<a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>, l-Iżlanda għandha l-iċken popolazzjoni u hija l-uniku nazzjon li m'għandux <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_ta%27_pajji%C5%BCi_ming%C4%A7ajr_forzi_armati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista ta' pajjiżi mingħajr forzi armati (il-paġna ma teżistix)">armata permanenti</a> però wieħed jista' jsib armata tal-għassa u tad-difiża mal-kosti Iżlandiżi. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medju_Evu">Medju Evu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Medju Evu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Medju Evu"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Iceland,_Carta_Marina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Iceland%2C_Carta_Marina.jpg/220px-Iceland%2C_Carta_Marina.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Iceland%2C_Carta_Marina.jpg/330px-Iceland%2C_Carta_Marina.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Iceland%2C_Carta_Marina.jpg/440px-Iceland%2C_Carta_Marina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1449" data-file-height="828" /></a><figcaption>L-Islanda fil-mappa tal-baħar ta' Olaus Magnus.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:1630_IJsland_Blaeu_HR%27.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1630_IJsland_Blaeu_HR%27.jpg/220px-1630_IJsland_Blaeu_HR%27.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1630_IJsland_Blaeu_HR%27.jpg/330px-1630_IJsland_Blaeu_HR%27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1630_IJsland_Blaeu_HR%27.jpg/440px-1630_IJsland_Blaeu_HR%27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6006" data-file-height="4590" /></a><figcaption>Mappa tal-Islanda mill-1630.</figcaption></figure> <p>L-isforzi u l-kunflitti ċivili tal-era ta' Sturlung wasslu għall-iffirmar tal-patt il-qadim fl-1262, li temm il-Commonwealth u ġab lill-Iżlanda taħt id-dominju Norveġiż. Il-pussess tal-Iżlanda ġie mgħoddi lill-Unjoni Kalmarja fl-1415, meta r-renji tan-Norveġja, tad-Danimarka u tal-Iżvezja kienu uniti. Wara d-diviżjoni tal-unjoni fl-1523, il-gżira baqgħet tiddependi fuq in-Norveġja, bħala parti mid-Danimarka-Norveġja. Fis-sekli segwenti, l-Iżlanda kienet saret waħda mill-ifqar pajjiżi tal-Ewropa. Il-ħamrija infertili, l-iżbroffar vulkaniku, id-deforestazzjoni u l-klima diffiċli wasslu għal ħajja ħarxa f'soċjetà fejn is-sussistenza kienet kważi tiddependi fuq l-agrikoltura biss. Il-<a href="/wiki/Pesta_s-sewda" title="Pesta s-sewda">pesta s-sewda</a> laqtet lill-Iżlanda darbtejn, l-ewwel darba fl-1402-1404 u t-tieni darba fl-1494-1495. L-ewwel waħda qatlet 50 sa 60 % tal-popolazzjoni, filwaqt li l-aħħar waħda qatlet madwar 30 sa 50 % tal-popolazzjoni Iżlandiża. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lingwa">Lingwa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Lingwa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Lingwa"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L-ilsien Iżlandiż huwa meqjus bħala l-ilsien uffiċjali ta' dan in-nazzjon, lingwa miktuba u mitkellma li hija mnissla direttament mill-ilsien Norveġiż. Il-grammatika u l-vokabularju ta' dan l-ilsien ma tantx jidhru li nbidlu meta wieħed jikkunsidra l-ilsien li kienu jitkellmu bih il-<a href="/wiki/Vikingi" title="Vikingi">Vikingi</a> Norveġiżi fil-passat u l-lingwi Nordiċi l-oħra. L-Iżlandiż irnexxielu jippreserva iktar verbi u l-inflessjoni tan-nom, u sa ċertu punt irnexxielu jiżviluppa vokabularju ġdid ibbażat fuq għeruq nattivi, minflokk ġie missellef kliem ieħor minn lingwi oħra. It-tendenza puristika li nsibu fl-iżvilupp tal-vokabularju Iżlandiż ġejja mill-ippjanar lingwistiku li sar matul il-medda taż-żminijiet b'mod konxju, minkejja sekli sħaħ ta' iżolament, maqtugħin mill-umanità. L-Iżlandiż huwa l-uniku lsien ħaj li żamm l-użu tal-ittra Runika: Þ, b'kitba Latina. L-eqreb ilsien tal-Iżlandiż huwa ilsien Ġermaniku ieħor, il-Faroiż. </p><p>L-<a href="/wiki/Lingwa_Ingli%C5%BCa" title="Lingwa Ingliża">Ingliż</a> u d-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingwa_Dani%C5%BCa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingwa Daniża (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Daniż</a> huma meqjusin bħala suġġetti obbligatorji fil-kurrikulu skolastiku ta' dan in-nazzjon. Iż-żewġ lingwi huma mifhuma u mitkellma.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lingwi oħra li huma mitħaddta frekwentament jinkludu: il-Faroiż, il-Ġermaniż, in-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingwa_Norve%C4%A1i%C5%BCa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingwa Norveġiża (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Norveġiż</a> u l-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingwa_%C5%BBvedi%C5%BCa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingwa Żvediża (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Iżvediż</a>. Id-Daniż huwa mitkellem tant li saħansitra huwa mifhum min-Norveġiżi u mill-Iżvediżi, imlaqqma bħala Skandinavi fl-Iżlanda.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>L-Iżlandiżi jagħmlu użu minn żewġ tipi ta' sistemi partikolari li jgħinu fil-kostruzzjoni ta' ismijiet ġodda, sistemi li jmorru kontra s-sistemi użati minn bosta nazzjonijiet Ewropej. Dawn is-sistemi mħaddma huma: Patronimiċi u Matronimiċi. Is-sistemi Patronimika u Matronimika jsegwu l-isem mogħti lill-persuna kkonċernata, eż: Elísabet Jónsdóttir ("Elísabet, bint Jón's") jew Ólafur Katrínarson ("Ólafur, iben Katrín"). Konsegwentament l-Iżlandiżi jirriferu għal xulxin permezz tal-ewwel isem biss meta jidħlu f'konversazzjoni ma' individwu ieħor li jipprattika l-istess kultura , u tajjeb li ngħidu wkoll li d-direttorju tat-telefonu Iżlandiż, jelenka l-ismijiet alfabetikament bl-ewwel isem minflok bil-kunjom sistematiku. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Iceland-Reykjavik-Thjodmenningarhus-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Iceland-Reykjavik-Thjodmenningarhus-1.jpg/220px-Iceland-Reykjavik-Thjodmenningarhus-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Iceland-Reykjavik-Thjodmenningarhus-1.jpg/330px-Iceland-Reykjavik-Thjodmenningarhus-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Iceland-Reykjavik-Thjodmenningarhus-1.jpg/440px-Iceland-Reykjavik-Thjodmenningarhus-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Il-Librerija Universitarja fl-Iżlanda</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Letteratura">Letteratura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Letteratura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Letteratura"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ix-xogħlijiet letterarji klassiċi magħrufa fl-Iżlanda huma s-sagi Iżlandiżi u l-proża epika li tmur lura għal dak iż-żmien meta l-Iżlanda kellha ġens li setgħet tibda ssejjaħlu tagħha. Però l-iktar letteraturi famużi huma s-saga ta' Njáls , li tittratta vendetta epika u mdemmija, kif ukoll is-saga tal-Grænlendinga u s-saga ta' Eiríks, li jiddeskrivu l-iskoperta u l-abitazzjoni ta' Greenland u l-Vinlandja (li llum hija magħrufa bħala Newfoundland). Is-saga ta' Egils, ta' Laxdæla, ta' Grettis , ta' Gísla u s-saga ta' Gunnlaugs ormstungu huma sagi Iżlandiżi notevoli u popolari ukoll. It-traduzzjoni tal-<a href="/wiki/Bibbja" title="Bibbja">Bibbja</a> li ġiet ippubblikata fis-seklu 16. Il-kompożizzjonijiet importanti li nkitbu mis-seklu 15 sas-seklu 19 jinkludu versi sagri, l-iktar famużi l-innijiet tal-passjoni ta' Hallgrímur Pétusson, u ta' rímur fejn insibu għadd ta' poeżiji epiċi iżda wkoll ritmiċi. B'dawn il-poeżiji li oriġinaw fis-seklu 14, ir-Rimuri kienu popolari fis-seklu 19, fejn l-iżvilupp tal-forom letterarji ġodda kien ipprovakat mill-awtur Romantiku nazzjonali, Jónas Hallgrímsson. Fiż-żminijiet riċenti, l-Iżlanda pproduċiet bosta <a href="/wiki/Kittieb" title="Kittieb">kittieba</a> grandjużi; wieħed mill-iktar magħrufa huwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Halld%C3%B3r_Laxness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halldór Laxness (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Halldór Laxness</a>, li rċieva l-<a href="/wiki/Premju_Nobel" title="Premju Nobel">Premju Nobel</a> għal-Letteratura fl-1955 (li s'issa huwa l-uniku Iżlandiż li rnexxielu jirbaħ Premju Nobel). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steinn_Steinarr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steinn Steinarr (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Steinn Steinarr</a> kien il-<a href="/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta">poeta</a> li xerred l-influwenza tal-letteratura moderna matul il-bidu tas-seklu 20, pass progressiv li għamlu popolari sa llum il-ġurnata minkejja l-fatt li m'għadux ħaj (twieled fit-13 ta' Ottubru 1908 - miet fil-25 ta' Mejju 1958). </p><p>L-Iżlandiżi huma fanatiċi tal-letteratura, bl-ogħla numru ta' ħwienet tal-kotba għal kull kapita fid-dinja. Minkejja d-daqs tagħha, l-Iżlanda timporta u tittraduċi iktar letteratura internazzjonali minn kwalunkwe pajjiż ieħor. L-Iżlanda għandha l-ogħla rata ta' pubblikazzjoni ta' kotba u rivisti għal kull kapita wkoll, u jista' jingħad li madwar 10 % tal-popolazzjoni tippubblika xi ktieb matul ħajjitha. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Map_of_Iceland_highlands-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Map_of_Iceland_highlands-en.svg/220px-Map_of_Iceland_highlands-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Map_of_Iceland_highlands-en.svg/330px-Map_of_Iceland_highlands-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Map_of_Iceland_highlands-en.svg/440px-Map_of_Iceland_highlands-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1834" data-file-height="1489" /></a><figcaption>Din il-mappa qiegħda tirrappreżenta l-bosta għoljiet eżistenti fuq il-gżira tal-Iżlanda</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ġeografija"><span id=".C4.A0eografija"></span>Ġeografija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Ġeografija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Ġeografija"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L-Iżlanda tinsab f'pożizzjoni speċifika xi mkien fejn l-Oċean Atlantiku u l-Oċean Artiku. Il-gżira prinċipali tinsab kompletament lejn in-Nofsinhar taċ-Ċirku Artiku, li jgħaddi mill-gżejra Iżlandiża ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grimsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grimsey (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Grimsey</a> 'il barra mill-kosta Nordika tal-gżira prinċipali. Il-pajjiż jinsab bejn il-latitudnijiet 63° u 67° T, kif ukoll bejn il-lonġitudnijiet 25° u 13° P. L-Iżlanda hija ferm eqreb tal-Ewropa kontinentali milli ta<a href="/wiki/L-Amerika_ta%27_Fuq" title="L-Amerika ta' Fuq">l-Amerka ta' Fuq</a>, allura, il-gżira hija ġeneralment deskritta bħala stat Ewropew minħabba raġunijiet storiċi, politiċi, kulturali u prattiċi. Ġeoloġikalment il-gżira tinkludi partijiet ta' żewġ plakek kontinentali. L-eqreb medda ta' art li tinsab viċin ta' dan il-pajjiż hija Greenland, li qiegħda 290 kilometru 'l bogħod u l-eqreb meded ta' art li jifformaw parti intrinsika mill-kontinent Ewropew huma l-gżejjer Faroe (420 kilometru), il-gżira ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_Mayen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan Mayen (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Jan Mayen</a> (570 kilometru); il-gżejjer Shetland u l-Ebridi esterni (madwar 740 kilometru); l-art prinċipali tal-<a href="/wiki/Skozja" title="Skozja">Iskozja</a> u l-gżejjer Orkney (750 kilometru) u l-art prinċipali tan-Norveġja (madwar 970 kilometru). </p><p>L-Iżlanda hija kklassifikata bħala t-tmintax l-ikbar gżira fid-dinja, u bħala t-tieni l-ikbar gżira fl-Ewropa wara l-<a href="/wiki/Renju_Unit" title="Renju Unit">Gran Brittanja</a>. Id-daqs ta' din il-gżira huwa ta' 101,826 kilometru kwadru, iżda l-kumplament tal-gżira fiha madwar 103,000 kilometru kwadru, fejn 62.7% hija tundra. B'kollox hemm tletin gżira ta' daqs minuri li jaqgħu taħt id-dominju tal-Iżlanda, dawn huma Grimsey u l-arċipelagu ta' Vestmannaeyjar li jospitaw popolazzjonijiet zgħar. Il-lagi u l-glaċieri jkopru madwar 14.3 % mill-wiċċ ta' din il-gżira, fejn 23 % biss jipposjedu xi tip ta' veġetazzjoni li tinsab imminenti fuqhom. L-ikbar lagi huma Þórisvatn (ġibjun) ta' 83–88 kilometru kwadru u Þingvallavatn ta' 82 kilometru kwadru; lagi oħra li huma meqjusin importanti huma: Lagarfljót u Mývatn. Jökulsárlón huwa l-iktar lag fond, b'fond li jlaħħaq madwar 248 metru. Ġeoloġikament, l-Iżlanda hija parti mix-xifer tal-Atlantiku nofsani, xifer naturali ma' fejn tinfirex il-qoxra oċeanika sabiex tkun tista' tiġi ffurmata qoxra oċeanika ġdida. Din il-parti tax-xifer tal-oċean nofsani tinsab fuq <i>mantle plume</i> u għalhekk dan il-fattur jagħmel lill-Iżlanda subarjali, jiġifieri "'l fuq mill-wiċċ tal-baħar. Ix-xifer jimmarka l-fruntiera bejn il-plakek tettoniċi tal-Ewrasja u tal-Amerka; tajjeb li ngħidu wkoll li l-Iżlanda ġiet iffurmata permezz tal-formazzjoni kontinwa ta' bosta qasmiet territorjali li ġew megħjuna permezz tal-ħeffa qerrieda iżda benefiċjarja tal-vulkaniżmu li seħħ max-xifer tal-gżira. </p><p>L-Iżlanda għandha tliet parks nazzjonali. Dawn huma: il-<a href="/wiki/Park_Nazzjonali_ta%27_Vatnaj%C3%B6kull" title="Park Nazzjonali ta' Vatnajökull">Park Nazzjonali ta' Vatnajökull</a>, il-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Nazzjonali_ta%27_Sn%C3%A6fellsj%C3%B6kull&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Park Nazzjonali ta' Snæfellsjökull (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Park Nazzjonali ta' Snæfellsjökull</a>, u l-<a href="/wiki/Park_Nazzjonali_ta%27_%C3%9Eingvellir" title="Park Nazzjonali ta' Þingvellir">Park Nazzjonali ta' Þingvellir</a>. Il-pajjiż huwa kkunsidrat bħala parteċipant b'saħħtu fejn tidħol il-protezzjoni tal-ambjent, infatti l-Iżlanda tinsab ikklassifikata fit-tlettax-il post għall-prestazzjoni eċċellenti tal-ambjent li huwa mogħni bih il-pajjiż għax fl-aħħar mill-aħħar l-għallmu kollu li qiegħed jagħmel dan il-pajjiż huwa ġest umli li jinħtieġlu kull rispett u apprezzament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ġeoloġija"><span id=".C4.A0eolo.C4.A1ija"></span>Ġeoloġija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Ġeoloġija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Ġeoloġija"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L-Iżlanda hija art li għadha ġeoloġikament żagħżugħa. L-Iżlanda tinsab kemm fuq ix-xifer tagħha nnifisha kif ukoll fuq dak Atlantiku Nofsanoi li jgħaddi dritt minn ġol-art. Din il-lokazzjoni tqiegħed lill-Iżlanda f'pożizzjoni ġeoloġika ferm attiva b'ħafna vulkani, bħal: Hekla, Eldgjá, Herðubreið u Eldfell. L-iżbroffar vulkaniku ta' Laki fl-1783-1784 ikkawża ġuħ kbir li kien kważi qatel kwart mill-popolazzjoni tal-gżira. L-iżbroffar kien ikkawża l-formazzjoni ta' sħab bit-trab u bl-irmied, kif ukoll ċpar totali li deher minn bosta postijiet Ewropej u minn ċerti artijiet <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrikani</a> u <a href="/wiki/Asja" title="Asja">Asja</a>, din in-nuqqas ta' viżibilità damet għal diversi xhur. L-Iżlanda għandha ħafna geysers, inkluż <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geysir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geysir (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Geysir</a>, minn fejn hija mnissla l-kelma Ingliża u l-famuż <a href="/w/index.php?title=Strokkur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strokkur (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Strokkur</a> li jiżbroffa kull 5-10 minuti. Wara fażi ta' inattività Geysir beda jerġa' jiżbroffa wara serje ta' terremoti li seħħew fis-sena 2000. Il-geyser ma baqax jiżbroffa regolarment wara l-jum meta seħħew it-terremoti </p><p>Bid-disponibbiltà mifruxa ta' enerġija ġeotermika u bl-użu ta' ħafna xmajjar u nixxigħat għall-idroelettriku, ħafna residenti għandhom aċċess għal ilma sħun irħas, tisħin u elettriku. Il-gżira hija komposta primarjament minn bażalt, lava ta' silika baxxa assoċjata ma' vulkaniżmu effużiv kif ġara wkoll fil-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hawaii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hawaii (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Hawaii</a>. L-Iżlanda, madanakollu, għandha varjetà ta 'tipi vulkaniċi (komposti u fissuri), ħafna li jipproduċu lavas aktar evolviti bħal rijolit u andesit. L-Iżlanda għandha mijiet ta' vulkani b’madwar 30 sistema vulkanika attiva. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Surtsey" title="Surtsey">Surtsey</a>, waħda mill-iżgħar gżejjer fid-dinja, hija parti mill-Iżlanda. Imsejħa wara Surtr, telgħet 'il fuq mill-oċean f'serje ta' żbroffar vulkaniku bejn it-8 ta' Novembru 1963 u l-5 ta' Ġunju 1968. Xjenzati biss li jirriċerkaw it-tkabbir ta' ħajja ġdida għandhom il-permess biex iżuru l-gżira. </p><p>Fil-21 ta' Marzu 2010, il-<a href="/wiki/Vulkan_(di%C5%BCambigwazzjoni)" class="mw-disambig" title="Vulkan (diżambigwazzjoni)">vulkan</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eyjafjallaj%C3%B6kull&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eyjafjallajökull (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Eyjafjallajökull</a> fin-Nofsinhar tal-Iżlanda faqqa' għall-ewwel darba mill-1821, u ġiegħel lil 600 persuna jaħarbu minn djarhom. Żbroffar addizzjonali fl-14 ta' April ġiegħlu lil mijiet ta' nies jabbandunaw id-djar tagħhom. Is-sħab riżultanti ta' rmied vulkaniku ġab miegħu tfixkil kbir għall-ivvjaġġar bl-ajru madwar l-Ewropa. </p><p>Eruzzjoni kbira oħra seħħet fil-21 ta' Mejju 2011. Din id-darba kien il-vulkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gr%C3%ADmsv%C3%B6tn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grímsvötn (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Grímsvötn</a>, li jinsab taħt is-silg tal-akbar glaċier tal-Ewropa, Vatnajökull. Grímsvötn huwa wieħed mill-iktar vulkani attivi tal-Iżlanda, u dan l-iżbroffar kien ferm aktar qawwi mill-attività tal-Eyjafjallajökull tal-2010, bl-irmied u l-lava jintefgħu 20 km (12-il mil) fl-atmosfera, u ħolqu sħaba kbira. </p><p> L-ogħla elevazzjoni għall-Iżlanda hija mnizzla bhala 2,110 metru (6,923 pied) fil-Hvannadalshnúkur (64 ° 00′T 16 ° 39′P).</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Glacier_Lake_-_J%C3%B6kuls%C3%A1rl%C3%B3n_Iceland_2003-08-31.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Glacier_Lake_-_J%C3%B6kuls%C3%A1rl%C3%B3n_Iceland_2003-08-31.jpg/220px-Glacier_Lake_-_J%C3%B6kuls%C3%A1rl%C3%B3n_Iceland_2003-08-31.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Glacier_Lake_-_J%C3%B6kuls%C3%A1rl%C3%B3n_Iceland_2003-08-31.jpg/330px-Glacier_Lake_-_J%C3%B6kuls%C3%A1rl%C3%B3n_Iceland_2003-08-31.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Glacier_Lake_-_J%C3%B6kuls%C3%A1rl%C3%B3n_Iceland_2003-08-31.jpg/440px-Glacier_Lake_-_J%C3%B6kuls%C3%A1rl%C3%B3n_Iceland_2003-08-31.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption> Il-Lag Glaċjali ta' Jökulsárlón fl-Iżlanda</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klima">Klima</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Klima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Klima"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il-klima tal-kosta Iżlandiża hija waħda oċeanika b'temperaturi sotto-polari. Il-kurrent Atlantiku tat-tramuntana huwa sħun, dan sabiex jiġu assigurati temperaturi annwali ogħla iktar minn bosta postijiet oħra li jinsabu fuq l-istess latitudni fid-dinja. Xi reġjuni fid-dinja li jipposjedu klima simili huma: l-gżejjer ta' <i>Aleutian</i>, il-peniżola tal-Alaska u <i>Tierra del Fuego</i>, minkejja l-fatt li dawn ir-reġjuni jinsabu viċin tal-ekwatur fejn it-tempertura għandha tkun ferm ogħla minn dik ta' pajjiżi Nordiċi bħalma huma l-Iżvezja u n-Norveġja. Minkejja l-prossimità tal-gżejjer mal-Artiku, il-kosti tal-gżejjer jibqgħu liberi mis-silġ matul l-istaġun tax-xitwa. L-inkursjonijiet tas-silġ huma rari, infatti l-aħħar waħda seħħet fuq il-kosta tat-tramuntana fl-1969. </p><p>Hemm mnejn wiehed jinduna bil-varjazzjonijiet li jeżistu fit-temperatura f'bosta partijiet differenti tal-gżira. Inġenerali, il-kosta tan-Nofsinhar hija ferm iktar sħuna, umduża u bir-riħ minn dik tat-Tramuntana. L-għoljiet ċentrali jistgħu jitqiesu bħala l-iktar partijiet kesħin tal-pajjiż. Dawk iż-żoni interni li jinsabu f'livell baxx fit-Tramuntana huma kkunsidrati bħala l-iktar postijiet aridi. L-inżul tal-borra fix-xitwa huwa avveniment iktar frekwenti fit-Tramuntana milli fin-Nofsinhar. L-ogħla temperatura rreġistrata kienet ta' 30.5 °C fit-22 ta' Ġunju tal-1939 f'Teigarhorn li tinsab ħdejn il-kosta tan-nofsinhar-lvant. L-inqas temperatura rreġistrata fil-pajjiż kienet ta' 38 °C taħt iż-żero (−36.4 °F) fit-22 ta' Jannar 1918, f'<i>Grímsstaðir</i> u f'Möðrudalur' fil-ħinterland tal-Grigal. It-temperaturi rrikordjati għal-lokalità ta' Reykjavík huma ta' 26.2 °C fit-30 ta' Lulju 2008, u −24.5 °C fil-21 ta' Jannar 1918. </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible" style="width:90%;margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg/20px-Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg/30px-Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg/40px-Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="419" data-file-height="419" /></a></span> <b>Medji tat-temperaturi għal <a href="/wiki/Rejkjavik" title="Rejkjavik">Rejkjavik</a>, Iżlanda</b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg/20px-Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg/30px-Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg/40px-Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="49" /></a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="font-size:90%"> <th>Xahar </th> <th abbr="Jannar">Jan </th> <th abbr="Frar">Fra </th> <th abbr="Marzu">Mar </th> <th abbr="April">Apr </th> <th abbr="Mejju">Mej </th> <th abbr="Ġunju">Ġun </th> <th abbr="Lulju">Lul </th> <th abbr="Awwissu">Aww </th> <th abbr="Settemnru">Set </th> <th abbr="Ottubru">Ott </th> <th abbr="Novembru">Nov </th> <th abbr="Diċembru">Diċ </th></tr> <tr> <th height="16" style="font-size:90%">Medja tal-ogħla temperatura °C (°F) </th> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">1.9 <br />(35) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">2.8 <br />(37) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFCC;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">3.2 <br />(38) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFCC;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">5.7 <br />(42) </td> <td style="background:#FFCC66;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">9.4 <br />(49) </td> <td style="background:#FFCC66;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">11.7 <br />(53) </td> <td style="background:#FFA500;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">13.3 <br />(56) </td> <td style="background:#FFA500;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">13.0 <br />(55) </td> <td style="background:#FFCC66;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">10.1 <br />(50) </td> <td style="background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">6.8 <br />(44) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFCC;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">3.4 <br />(38) </td> <td style="background:#FFA500;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">12.2 <br />(54) </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16" style="font-size:90%">Medja tal-inqas temperatura °C (°F) </th> <td style="background:#C8DCF0;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−3.0 <br />(27) </td> <td style="background:#C8DCF0;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−2.1 <br />(28) </td> <td style="background:#C8DCF0;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−2.0 <br />(28) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">0.4 <br />(33) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFCC;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">3.6 <br />(38) </td> <td style="background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">6.7 <br />(44) </td> <td style="background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">8.3 <br />(47) </td> <td style="background:#FFFF99;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">7.9 <br />(46) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFCC;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">5.0 <br />(41) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">2.2 <br />(36) </td> <td style="background:#C8DCF0;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−1.3 <br />(30) </td> <td style="background:#C8DCF0;color:#000000;font-size:85%;text-align:center;">−2.8 <br />(27) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:88%"><i>Sors #1: {{{sors1}}} </i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relazzjonijiet_mal-Unjoni_Ewropea">Relazzjonijiet mal-Unjoni Ewropea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Relazzjonijiet mal-Unjoni Ewropea" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Relazzjonijiet mal-Unjoni Ewropea"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Lulju 2010 - status ta' kandidat għall-UE u l-bidu tan-negozjati tal-adeżjoni</dt></dl> <p>L-applikazzjoni tal-Iżlanda għas-sħubija fl-UE ġiet ippreżentata fis-17 ta' Lulju 2009. </p><p>Fil-laqgħa tiegħu tas-27 ta' Lulju 2009, il-Kunsill stieden lill-Kummissjoni biex tippreżenta l-opinjoni tagħha dwar l-applikazzjoni tal-Iżlanda. Fl-24 ta' Frar 2010 il-Kummissjoni tat opinjoni pożittiva u rrakkomandat il-ftuħ ta' negozjati tal-adeżjoni. </p><p>F'laqgħa fis-17 ta' Ġunju 2010, il-Kunsill Ewropew iddeċieda li għandhom jinfetħu n-negozjati tal-adeżjoni. Il-Kunsill qabel dwar qafas għan-negozjati mal-Iżlanda fis-26 ta' Lulju 2010. </p><p>L-ewwel laqgħa fil-livell ministerjali tal-Konferenza mal-Iżlanda dwar l-Adeżjoni fetħet in-negozjati tal-adeżjoni fis-27 ta' Lulju 2010. Minn dakinhar saru 4 konferenzi fil-livell ministerjali mal-Iżlanda dwar l-adeżjoni. </p><p>Mill-35 kapitolu tan-negozjati, inbdew in-negozjati fuq 27 kapitolu, li minnhom ingħalqu b'mod proviżorju 11-il kapitolu. </p> <dl><dt>2013 - negozjati sospiżi</dt></dl> <p>Fis-17 ta' Diċembru 2013, il-Kunsill ħa nota tad-deċiżjoni tal-Gvern Iżlandiż li jissospendi n-negozjati tal-adeżjoni. Il-Kunsill issottolinja l-fehma tiegħu li l-adeżjoni tal-Iżlanda hija kwistjoni ta' benefiċċju reċiproku. Indika wkoll li l-UE kienet lesta li tkompli n-negozjati, jekk l-Iżlanda tiddeċiedi li tissokta bihom. </p><p>Fit-12 ta' Marzu 2015, f'ittra lill-presidenza tal-Kunsill, il-Ministru għall-Affarijiet Barranin tal-Iżlanda kkonferma li l-gvern tal-Iżlanda ma kellu ebda intenzjoni li jerġa' jibda t-taħditiet dwar l-adeżjoni. Il-Ministru għall-Affarijiet Barranin tenna l-importanza tat-tkomplija ta' relazzjonijiet u kooperazzjoni mill-qrib bejn l-UE u l-Iżlanda bbażati, b'mod partikolari, fuq il-Ftehim taż-Żona Ekonomika Ewropea. Il-presidenza tal-Kunsill ħadet nota tal-ittra. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomija">Ekonomija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Ekonomija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Ekonomija"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Akureyri.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Akureyri.JPG/220px-Akureyri.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Akureyri.JPG/330px-Akureyri.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Akureyri.JPG/440px-Akureyri.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Akureyri hija l-akbar belt fl-Islanda barra r-Reġjun Kapitali. Il-biċċa l-kbira tal-bliet rurali huma bbażati fuq l-industrija tas-sajd, li tipprovdi 40 % tal-esportazzjonijiet tal-Islanda.</figcaption></figure> <p>Fl-2022, l-Iżlanda kienet it-tmien l-aktar pajjiż produttiv fid-dinja per capita (US$ 78,837) u t-13-il l-aktar produttiv skont il-PGD fil-parità tas-saħħa tal-akkwist (US$ 69,833). Madwar 85 fil-mija tal-provvista totali tal-enerġija primarja tal-Islanda hija derivata minn sorsi tal-enerġija rinnovabbli prodotti domestikament. L-użu ta' enerġija idroelettrika u ġeotermali abbundanti għamel lill-Islanda l-akbar produttur ta' elettriku per capita fid-dinja. </p><p>Storikament, l-ekonomija tal-Islanda kienet dipendenti ħafna fuq is-sajd, li għadu jipprovdi madwar 20% tal-qligħ mill-esportazzjoni u jimpjega 7% tal-forza tax-xogħol. L-ekonomija issa tiddependi aktar mit-turiżmu, iżda s-setturi importanti jibqgħu: ħut u prodotti tas-sajd, aluminju u ferrosilicon. Id-dipendenza ekonomika tal-Islanda fuq is-sajd qed tonqos, minn 90% sehem tal-esportazzjoni fis-sittinijiet għal 20% fl-2020. </p><p>Sas-seklu 20, l-Iżlanda kienet pajjiż pjuttost fqir. Il-kaċċa għall-balieni fl-Islanda kienet storikament sinifikanti. Issa huwa wieħed mill-aktar pajjiżi żviluppati fid-dinja. Tkabbir ekonomiku qawwi wassal lill-Islanda biex tikklassifika fit-tielet post fir-rapport tal-Indiċi tal-Iżvilupp tal-Bniedem tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti għall-2021/2022. Skont The Economist IQ Index tal-2011, l-Islanda kellha t-tieni l-ogħla kwalità tal-ħajja fid-dinja. Skont il-koeffiċjent ta' Gini, l-Islanda għandha wkoll waħda mill-inqas rati ta' inugwaljanza fid-dħul fid-dinja, u meta aġġustata għall-inugwaljanza, il-klassifikazzjoni tal-HDI tagħha hija s-sitt. Ir-rata tal-qgħad tal-Islanda naqset b'mod kostanti mill-kriżi, b'4.8% tal-forza tax-xogħol qiegħda minn Ġunju 2012, meta' mqabbla ma' 6% fl-2011 u 8.1% fl-2010. </p><p>Il-munita nazzjonali tal-Islanda hija l-Krona Iżlandiża (ISK). L-Islanda hija l-uniku pajjiż fid-dinja li għandu popolazzjoni ta' inqas minn żewġ miljuni u għad għandu rata tal-kambju varjabbli u politika monetarja indipendenti. </p><p>L-ekonomija tal-Iżlanda diversifikat fl-industriji tal-manifattura u tas-servizzi fl-aħħar għaxar snin, inklużi l-produzzjoni tas-softwer, il-bijoteknoloġija u l-finanzi; L-industrija tirrappreżenta madwar kwart tal-attività ekonomika, filwaqt li s-servizzi jinkludu madwar 70%. Is-settur tat-turiżmu qed jespandi, speċjalment fl-ekoturiżmu u l-ħars tal-balieni. Bħala medja, l-Islanda tirċievi madwar 1.1 miljun viżitatur fis-sena, li hija aktar minn tliet darbiet il-popolazzjoni indiġena. 1.7 miljun ruħ żaru l-Islanda fl-2016, 3 darbiet aktar min-numru li wasal fl-2010. L-industrija agrikola tal-Islanda, li tammonta għal 5.4% tal-PGD, tikkonsisti prinċipalment minn patata, ħaxix aħdar (f'serer), ħaruf u prodotti tal-ħalib. Iċ-ċentru finanzjarju huwa Borgartún f'Rejkjavík, li fih għadd kbir ta' kumpaniji u tliet banek ta' investiment. Il-Borża tal-Islanda, il-Borża tal-Islanda (ISE), ġiet stabbilita fl-1985. </p><p>L-Iżlanda tikklassifika fis-27 post fl-Indiċi tal-Libertà Ekonomika tal-2012, inqas mis-snin preċedenti iżda għadha fost l-aktar ħielsa fid-dinja. Mill-2016, hija kklassifikata fid-29 post fl-Indiċi tal-Kompetittività Globali tal-Forum Ekonomiku Dinji, post inqas mill-2015. Skont l-Indiċi tal-Innovazzjoni Globali, l-Iżlanda hija l-20 pajjiż l-aktar innovattiv fid-dinja fl-2022 u l-2023. B'differenza mill-biċċa l-kbira tal-Ewropa tal-Punent pajjiżi, l-Islanda għandha sistema ta 'taxxa fissa: ir-rata ewlenija tat-taxxa fuq id-dħul personali hija fissa ta' 22.75% u, flimkien ma 'taxxi muniċipali, ir-rata tat-taxxa totali ma tkunx ugwali għal aktar minn 35.7%, mingħajr ma jinkludi l-ħafna tnaqqis disponibbli. Ir-rata tat-taxxa korporattiva hija fissa ta' 18%, waħda mill-inqas fid-dinja. Hemm ukoll taxxa fuq il-valur miżjud, filwaqt li t-taxxa fuq il-valur nett ġiet eliminata fl-2006. Ir-regolamenti tax-xogħol huma relattivament flessibbli u s-suq tax-xogħol huwa wieħed mill-aktar ħielsa fid-dinja. Id-drittijiet tal-proprjetà huma b'saħħithom u l-Islanda hija waħda mill-ftit pajjiżi fejn japplikaw għall-ġestjoni tas-sajd. Bħal welfare states oħra, dawk li jħallsu t-taxxa jħallsu diversi sussidji lil xulxin, iżda l-infiq huwa inqas milli fil-biċċa l-kbira tal-pajjiżi Ewropej. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trasport">Trasport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Trasport" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Trasport"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mogħdija"><span id="Mog.C4.A7dija"></span>Mogħdija</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Mogħdija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Mogħdija"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Route1(iceland).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Route1%28iceland%29.png/220px-Route1%28iceland%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Route1%28iceland%29.png/330px-Route1%28iceland%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Route1%28iceland%29.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="253" /></a><figcaption>Ir-Ring Road tal-Islanda u xi bliet li tgħaddi minnha: 1. Reykjavík, 2. Borgarnes, 3. Blönduós, 4. Akureyri, 5. Egilsstaðir, 6. Höfn, 7. Selfoss</figcaption></figure> <p>L-Islanda għandha livell għoli ta' pussess ta' karozzi per capita, b'karozza waħda għal kull 1.5 abitant; Huwa l-mezz ewlieni tat-trasport. L-Islanda għandha 13,034 km (8,099 mi) ta 'toroq ġestiti, li minnhom 4,617 km (2,869 mi) huma pavimentati u 8,338 km (5,181 mi) mhumiex. Il-limiti tal-veloċità tal-awtostrada huma 30 u 50 km/h (19 u 31 mph) fl-ibliet, 80 km/h (50 mph) fuq toroq taż-żrar rurali, u 90 km/h (56 mph) fit-toroq rurali b'wiċċ iebes. Għadd kbir ta’ toroq interni jibqgħu mhux pavimentati, l-aktar toroq rurali li ftit li xejn jintużaw. </p><p>Rotta 1, jew Ring Road (Iżlandiż: Þjóðvegur 1 jew Hringvegur), li tlestiet fl-1974, hija t-triq prinċipali li tgħaddi mill-Islanda, li tgħaqqad il-biċċa l-kbira tal-partijiet abitati tal-gżira. L-intern tal-gżira huwa l-aktar inabitabbli. L-awtostrada hija asfaltata u hija twila 1,332 km (828 mi) b'karreġġjata waħda f'kull direzzjoni, ħlief bejn u ġewwa bliet u rħula akbar fejn għandha aktar korsiji. Hemm madwar 30 pont b'karreġġjata waħda fuq Rotta 1, partikolarment frekwenti fix-Xlokk </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Trasport_pubbliku">Trasport pubbliku</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Trasport pubbliku" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Trasport pubbliku"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Str%C3%A6t%C3%B3_AI_H01_(27837800934).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Str%C3%A6t%C3%B3_AI_H01_%2827837800934%29.jpg/220px-Str%C3%A6t%C3%B3_AI_H01_%2827837800934%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Str%C3%A6t%C3%B3_AI_H01_%2827837800934%29.jpg/330px-Str%C3%A6t%C3%B3_AI_H01_%2827837800934%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Str%C3%A6t%C3%B3_AI_H01_%2827837800934%29.jpg/440px-Str%C3%A6t%C3%B3_AI_H01_%2827837800934%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1602" data-file-height="1068" /></a><figcaption>Xarabank fuq distanzi twal imħaddma mill-kumpanija pubblika tal-karozzi tal-linja Strætó bs</figcaption></figure> <p>Il-karozzi tal-linja tal-belt ta' Reykjavík (inkluż ir-reġjun kapitali) huma operati minn Strætó bs. Strætó bs toffri wkoll servizzi ta' karozzi tal-linja pubbliċi fuq distanzi twal madwar il-pajjiż kollu. Bliet iżgħar, bħal Akureyri, Reykjanesbær u Selfoss, joffru wkoll servizzi tal-karozzi tal-linja lokali. Servizzi tal-karozzi tal-linja pubbliċi u privati huma disponibbli lejn u mill-Ajruport Internazzjonali ta’ Keflavik. </p><p>L-ebda ferrovija tal-passiġġieri qatt ma operat fl-Islanda, iżda linji tal-ferrovija temporanji tal-merkanzija operaw. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="l-ivvjaġġar_bl-ajru"><span id="l-ivvja.C4.A1.C4.A1ar_bl-ajru"></span>l-ivvjaġġar bl-ajru</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: l-ivvjaġġar bl-ajru" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: l-ivvjaġġar bl-ajru"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L-Ajruport Internazzjonali ta' Keflavík (KEF) huwa l-akbar ajruport u ċ-ċentru ewlieni tal-avjazzjoni għat-trasport internazzjonali tal-passiġġieri. KEF tinsab fil-Lbiċ tal-pajjiż, 49 km (30 mi) miċ-ċentru tal-belt ta' Reykjavík. </p><p>L-Ajruport ta' Reykjavík (RKV) huwa t-tieni l-akbar ajruport u jinsab biss 1.5 km miċ-ċentru tal-kapitali. L-Ajruport ta' Reykjavík jipprovdi servizzi ta' titjiriet domestiċi ta' kuljum fl-Iżlanda, avjazzjoni ġenerali, avjazzjoni privata u trasport ta' evakwazzjoni medika. </p><p>L-Ajruport ta' Akureyri (AEY) u l-Ajruport ta' Egilsstaðir (EGS) huma żewġ ajruporti oħra b'servizz domestiku u servizz internazzjonali limitat. L-Ajruport ta' Akureyri se jiftaħ terminal internazzjonali estiż fl-2024. Hemm total ta' 103 ajruport u ajruport irreġistrati fl-Islanda; il-biċċa l-kbira tagħhom mhumiex pavimentati u jinsabu f'żoni rurali. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:SSJ100_Keflavik_runways_(5160518757).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ajruport Internazzjonali ta' Keflavík (IATA: KEF, OACI: BIKF)"><img alt="Ajruport Internazzjonali ta' Keflavík (IATA: KEF, OACI: BIKF)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/SSJ100_Keflavik_runways_%285160518757%29.jpg/120px-SSJ100_Keflavik_runways_%285160518757%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/SSJ100_Keflavik_runways_%285160518757%29.jpg/180px-SSJ100_Keflavik_runways_%285160518757%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/SSJ100_Keflavik_runways_%285160518757%29.jpg/240px-SSJ100_Keflavik_runways_%285160518757%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4207" data-file-height="2719" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ajruport Internazzjonali ta' Keflavík (IATA: KEF, OACI: BIKF)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Isavia_keflavik_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo tal Ajruport Internazzjonali ta' Keflavík (IATA: KEF, OACI: BIKF)"><img alt="Logo tal Ajruport Internazzjonali ta' Keflavík (IATA: KEF, OACI: BIKF)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Isavia_keflavik_logo.svg/120px-Isavia_keflavik_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Isavia_keflavik_logo.svg/180px-Isavia_keflavik_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Isavia_keflavik_logo.svg/240px-Isavia_keflavik_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="582" data-file-height="115" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Logo tal Ajruport Internazzjonali ta' Keflavík (IATA: KEF, OACI: BIKF)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Reykjavik_Airport_aerial.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ajruport ta' Reykjavík (IATA: RKV, OACI: BIRK)"><img alt="Ajruport ta' Reykjavík (IATA: RKV, OACI: BIRK)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Reykjavik_Airport_aerial.jpg/120px-Reykjavik_Airport_aerial.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Reykjavik_Airport_aerial.jpg/180px-Reykjavik_Airport_aerial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Reykjavik_Airport_aerial.jpg/240px-Reykjavik_Airport_aerial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="682" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ajruport ta' Reykjavík (IATA: RKV, OACI: BIRK)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Isavia_reykjavik_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo tal Ajruport ta' Reykjavík (IATA: RKV, OACI: BIRK)"><img alt="Logo tal Ajruport ta' Reykjavík (IATA: RKV, OACI: BIRK)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Isavia_reykjavik_logo.svg/120px-Isavia_reykjavik_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Isavia_reykjavik_logo.svg/180px-Isavia_reykjavik_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Isavia_reykjavik_logo.svg/240px-Isavia_reykjavik_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="115" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Logo tal Ajruport ta' Reykjavík (IATA: RKV, OACI: BIRK)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Akureyri_Airport_(4743056343).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ajruport ta' Akureyri (IATA: AEY, OACI: BIAR)"><img alt="Ajruport ta' Akureyri (IATA: AEY, OACI: BIAR)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Akureyri_Airport_%284743056343%29.jpg/120px-Akureyri_Airport_%284743056343%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Akureyri_Airport_%284743056343%29.jpg/180px-Akureyri_Airport_%284743056343%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Akureyri_Airport_%284743056343%29.jpg/240px-Akureyri_Airport_%284743056343%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="1420" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ajruport ta' Akureyri (IATA: AEY, OACI: BIAR)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Isavia_akureyri_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo tal Ajruport ta' Akureyri (IATA: AEY, OACI: BIAR)"><img alt="Logo tal Ajruport ta' Akureyri (IATA: AEY, OACI: BIAR)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Isavia_akureyri_logo.svg/120px-Isavia_akureyri_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Isavia_akureyri_logo.svg/180px-Isavia_akureyri_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Isavia_akureyri_logo.svg/240px-Isavia_akureyri_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="117" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Logo tal Ajruport ta' Akureyri (IATA: AEY, OACI: BIAR)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:EgilstadirAirportTerminal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ajruport ta' Egilsstaðir (IATA: EGS, OACI: BIEG)"><img alt="Ajruport ta' Egilsstaðir (IATA: EGS, OACI: BIEG)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/EgilstadirAirportTerminal.jpg/120px-EgilstadirAirportTerminal.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/EgilstadirAirportTerminal.jpg/180px-EgilstadirAirportTerminal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/EgilstadirAirportTerminal.jpg/240px-EgilstadirAirportTerminal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ajruport ta' Egilsstaðir (IATA: EGS, OACI: BIEG)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Isavia_egilsstadir_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo tal Ajruport ta' Egilsstaðir (IATA: EGS, OACI: BIEG)"><img alt="Logo tal Ajruport ta' Egilsstaðir (IATA: EGS, OACI: BIEG)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Isavia_egilsstadir_logo.svg/120px-Isavia_egilsstadir_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Isavia_egilsstadir_logo.svg/180px-Isavia_egilsstadir_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Isavia_egilsstadir_logo.svg/240px-Isavia_egilsstadir_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="669" data-file-height="117" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Logo tal Ajruport ta' Egilsstaðir (IATA: EGS, OACI: BIEG)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Baħar"><span id="Ba.C4.A7ar"></span>Baħar</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Baħar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Baħar"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Norr%C3%B6na_in_Seydisfj%C3%B6rdur-pjt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Norr%C3%B6na_in_Seydisfj%C3%B6rdur-pjt.jpg/220px-Norr%C3%B6na_in_Seydisfj%C3%B6rdur-pjt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Norr%C3%B6na_in_Seydisfj%C3%B6rdur-pjt.jpg/330px-Norr%C3%B6na_in_Seydisfj%C3%B6rdur-pjt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Norr%C3%B6na_in_Seydisfj%C3%B6rdur-pjt.jpg/440px-Norr%C3%B6na_in_Seydisfj%C3%B6rdur-pjt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6192" data-file-height="4128" /></a><figcaption>Laneċ Norröna f'Seyðisfjorður, lejn il-Gżejjer Faroe u d-Danimarka</figcaption></figure> <p>Diversi servizzi tal-laneċ jipprovdu aċċess regolari għal diversi komunitajiet tal-gżejjer jew iqassru d-distanzi tal-ivvjaġġar. Is-Smyril Line topera l-vapur Norröna, li joffri servizz tal-laneċ internazzjonali minn Seyðisfjörður lejn il-Gżejjer Faroe u d-Danimarka. </p><p>Diversi kumpaniji jipprovdu servizzi ta' tbaħħir lejn l-Islanda, inklużi Eimskip u Samskip. L-aktar portijiet importanti tal-Islanda huma ġestiti minn Faxaflóahafnir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enerġija"><span id="Ener.C4.A1ija"></span>Enerġija</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Enerġija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Enerġija"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:NesjavellirPowerPlant_edit2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/NesjavellirPowerPlant_edit2.jpg/220px-NesjavellirPowerPlant_edit2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/NesjavellirPowerPlant_edit2.jpg/330px-NesjavellirPowerPlant_edit2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/NesjavellirPowerPlant_edit2.jpg/440px-NesjavellirPowerPlant_edit2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>L-impjant tal-enerġija ġeotermali Nesjavellir jipprovdi l-bżonnijiet tal-ilma sħun u tal-elettriku tar-reġjun tal-kapital. Prattikament l-elettriku kollu tal-Islanda ġej minn riżorsi rinnovabbli.</figcaption></figure> <p>[[Stampa::Iceland electricity production.svg|thumb|Produzzjoni tal-elettriku fl-Islanda skont is-sorsi]] Sorsi rinnovabbli (ġeotermali u idroelettriku) jipprovdu prattikament l-elettriku kollu tal-Islanda u madwar 85 % tal-konsum totali tal-enerġija primarja tal-pajjiż, bil-biċċa l-kbira tal-bqija jikkonsisti fi prodotti taż-żejt importati użati fit-trasport u s-sajd tal-flotta. L-akbar impjanti tal-enerġija ġeotermali tal-Islanda huma Hellisheiði u Nesjavellir, filwaqt li l-impjant idroelettriku ta' Kárahnjúkar huwa l-akbar impjant tal-enerġija idroelettrika fil-pajjiż Meta Kárahnjúkavirkjun bdiet topera, l-Islanda saret l-akbar produttur tal-elettriku per capita fid-dinja. </p><p>Fl-2023, il-vetturi elettriċi tal-batteriji kienu jammontaw għal 50.1% tar-reġistrazzjonijiet ġodda u madwar 18% tal-flotta tal-vetturi tal-pajjiż kienet elettrifikata fl-2024. L-Islanda hija waħda mill-ftit pajjiżi li għandhom stazzjonijiet ta' servizz li jqassmu l-fjuwil mill-idroġenu għal karozzi li jaħdmu b'ċelloli tal-fjuwil. </p><p>Minkejja dan, l-Islandiżi ħarġu 16.9 tunnellata ta' CO 2 per capita fl-2016, l-ogħla fost il-membri tal-EFTA u tal-UE, prinċipalment bħala riżultat tat-trasport u t-tidwib tal-aluminju. Madankollu, fl-2010, l-Islanda kienet irrappurtata mill-Guiness World Records bħala "l-iktar pajjiż ekoloġiku", li kisbet l-ogħla punteġġ fuq l-Indiċi tas-Sostenibbiltà Ambjentali, li jkejjel l-użu tal-ilma, il-bijodiversità u l-adozzjoni tal-enerġija nadifa ta' pajjiż, b'punteġġ ta' 93.5/. 100. </p><p>Fit-22 ta' Jannar, 2009, l-Islanda ħabbret l-ewwel rawnd tagħha ta' liċenzji offshore għal kumpaniji li jixtiequ jwettqu esplorazzjoni u produzzjoni ta' idrokarburi f’reġjun fil-grigal tal-Islanda, magħruf bħala ż-żona ta’ Dreki. Ingħataw tliet liċenzji ta' esplorazzjoni, iżda kollha ġew irrinunzjati aktar tard. </p><p>L-għan uffiċjali tal-gvern Iżlandiż huwa li jnaqqas l-emissjonijiet tal-gassijiet serra b'40% sal-2030 u jikseb in-newtralità tal-karbonju sal-2040. Bħala riżultat tal-impenn tiegħu għall-enerġija rinnovabbli, l-Indiċi tal-Ekonomija Ekoloġika Globali 2016 kklassifikat lill-Islanda fost l-10 ekonomiji l-aktar ekoloġiċi fid-dinja. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edukazzjoni_u_xjenza">Edukazzjoni u xjenza</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Edukazzjoni u xjenza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Edukazzjoni u xjenza"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Menntask%C3%B3linn_%C3%AD_Reykjav%C3%ADk_(main_building,_2004).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Menntask%C3%B3linn_%C3%AD_Reykjav%C3%ADk_%28main_building%2C_2004%29.jpg/220px-Menntask%C3%B3linn_%C3%AD_Reykjav%C3%ADk_%28main_building%2C_2004%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Menntask%C3%B3linn_%C3%AD_Reykjav%C3%ADk_%28main_building%2C_2004%29.jpg/330px-Menntask%C3%B3linn_%C3%AD_Reykjav%C3%ADk_%28main_building%2C_2004%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Menntask%C3%B3linn_%C3%AD_Reykjav%C3%ADk_%28main_building%2C_2004%29.jpg/440px-Menntask%C3%B3linn_%C3%AD_Reykjav%C3%ADk_%28main_building%2C_2004%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Reykjavík Junior College (Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík), li jinsab fiċ-ċentru ta' Reykjavík, huwa l-eqdem gymnasium fl-Islanda.</figcaption></figure> <p>Il-Ministeru tal-Edukazzjoni, ix-Xjenza u l-Kultura huwa responsabbli għall-politiki u l-metodi li l-iskejjel għandhom jużaw, u joħroġ il-Linji Gwida dwar il-Kurrikulu Nazzjonali. Madankollu, l-iskejjel tan-nursery, primarji u sekondarji baxxi huma ffinanzjati u ġestiti mill-muniċipalitajiet. Il-gvern jippermetti liċ-ċittadini jedukaw lil uliedhom id-dar, madankollu, taħt sett ta 'rekwiżiti stretti ħafna. L-istudenti għandhom jaderixxu b'mod strett mal-kurrikulu impost mill-gvern, u l-ġenitur tat-tagħlim għandu jikseb ċertifikat tat-tagħlim approvat mill-gvern. </p><p>Kindergarten, jew leikskóli, hija edukazzjoni mhux obbligatorja għal tfal taħt is-sitt snin u tikkostitwixxi l-ewwel pass fis-sistema edukattiva. Il-leġislazzjoni attwali dwar il-daycare għaddiet fl-1994. Huma wkoll responsabbli biex jiżguraw li l-kurrikulu jkun adattat biex it-tranżizzjoni għall-edukazzjoni obbligatorja tkun faċli kemm jista' jkun. </p><p>L-edukazzjoni obbligatorja, jew grunnskóli, tinkludi edukazzjoni primarja u sekondarja inferjuri, ħafna drabi pprovduta fl-istess istituzzjoni. L-edukazzjoni hija obbligatorja bil-liġi għat-tfal minn 6 sa 16-il sena. Is-sena skolastika ddum disa’ xhur, tibda bejn il-21 ta' Awwissu u l-1 ta' Settembru u tispiċċa bejn il-31 ta' Mejju u l-10 ta' Ġunju. In-numru minimu ta' ġranet ta' tagħlim kien ta' 170, iżda wara kuntratt ġdid ta' salarju għall-għalliema, żdied għal 180. Il-lezzjonijiet isiru ħamest ijiem fil-ġimgħa. L-iskejjel pubbliċi kollha għandhom edukazzjoni obbligatorja fil-Kristjaneżmu, għalkemm il-Ministru tal-Edukazzjoni jista' jikkunsidra eżenzjoni. </p><p>L-edukazzjoni sekondarja għolja, jew framhaldsskóli, issegwi l-edukazzjoni sekondarja baxxa. Dawn l-iskejjel huma magħrufa wkoll bħala gymnasia bl-Ingliż. Għalkemm mhix obbligatorja, kull min kellu edukazzjoni obbligatorja għandu d-dritt għall-edukazzjoni sekondarja għolja. Dan l-istadju tal-edukazzjoni huwa rregolat mill-Att tal-Edukazzjoni Sekondarja Għolja tal-1996. L-iskejjel kollha fl-Islanda huma skejjel koedukattivi. L-akbar sede tal-edukazzjoni għolja hija l-Università tal-Iżlanda, li għandha l-kampus ewlieni tagħha fiċ-ċentru ta’ Reykjavík. Skejjel oħra li joffru tagħlim fil-livell universitarju jinkludu l-Università ta' Reykjavík, l-Università ta’ Akureyri, l-Università Agrikola Iżlandiża, u l-Università ta' Bifröst. </p><p>Valutazzjoni tal-OECD sabet li 64% tal-Islandiżi ta' bejn 25 u 64 sena kisbu l-ekwivalenti ta' diploma ta' skola sekondarja, li hija inqas mill-medja tal-OECD ta' 73%. Fost iż-żgħażagħ ta' bejn 25 u 34 sena, 69% biss kisbu l-ekwivalenti ta' diploma ta' skola sekondarja, ferm inqas mill-medja tal-OECD ta' 80%. Is-16-il l-aħjar prestazzjoni, ogħla mill-medja tal-OECD. L-istudenti kienu partikolarment profiċjenti fil-qari u l-matematika. </p><p>Skont rapport tal-Eurostat tal-Kummissjoni Ewropea tal-2013, l-Islanda tonfoq madwar 3.11 % tal-PDG tagħha fuq ir-riċerka u l-iżvilupp xjentifiċi (R&D), aktar minn punt perċentwali aktar mill-medja tal-UE ta' 2.03 %, u stabbiliet mira ta' 4 % biex jintlaħaqha sal-2020. L-Islanda kklassifikat fis-17-il post fl-Indiċi tal-Innovazzjoni Globali fl-2021, minn 20 fl-2019. Rapport tal-UNESCO tal-2010 sab li mit-72 pajjiż bl-aktar infiq fuq R&D ($100 miljun jew aktar), l-Islanda kklassifikat fid-disa’ post bħala proporzjon tal-PGD, marbut mat-Tajwan, l-Isvizzera u l-Ġermanja u qabel Franza, ir-Renju Unit u l-Kanada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografija">Demografija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Demografija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Demografija"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Reykjav%C3%ADk_s%C3%A9%C3%B0_%C3%BAr_Hallgr%C3%ADmskirkju_6.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Reykjav%C3%ADk_s%C3%A9%C3%B0_%C3%BAr_Hallgr%C3%ADmskirkju_6.JPG/220px-Reykjav%C3%ADk_s%C3%A9%C3%B0_%C3%BAr_Hallgr%C3%ADmskirkju_6.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Reykjav%C3%ADk_s%C3%A9%C3%B0_%C3%BAr_Hallgr%C3%ADmskirkju_6.JPG/330px-Reykjav%C3%ADk_s%C3%A9%C3%B0_%C3%BAr_Hallgr%C3%ADmskirkju_6.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Reykjav%C3%ADk_s%C3%A9%C3%B0_%C3%BAr_Hallgr%C3%ADmskirkju_6.JPG/440px-Reykjav%C3%ADk_s%C3%A9%C3%B0_%C3%BAr_Hallgr%C3%ADmskirkju_6.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3296" data-file-height="2472" /></a><figcaption>Reykjavík, l-akbar żona metropolitana fl-Islanda u ċ-ċentru tar-Reġjun Kapitali li, b'popolazzjoni ta' 233,034, tirrappreżenta 64 % tal-popolazzjoni tal-Islanda (ċifri tal-2020)</figcaption></figure> <p>Il-popolazzjoni oriġinali tal-Islanda kienet ta’ oriġini Norveża u Gaelika. Dan huwa evidenti minn evidenza letterarja li tmur għall-perjodu tas-sedjament, kif ukoll minn studji xjentifiċi aktar tard bħal analiżi ġenetika u tat-tip tad-demm. Studju ġenetiku bħal dan indika li l-biċċa l-kbira tas-settlers maskili kienu ta’ oriġini Norveġiża, filwaqt li l-biċċa l-kbira tan-nisa kienu ta' oriġini Gallika, li jfisser li ħafna settlers lejn l-Islanda kienu Skandinavi li ġabu magħhom skjavi Galliċi. </p><p>L-Iżlanda għandha rekords ġenealoġiċi estensivi li jmorru lura għall-aħħar tas-seklu 17 u rekords frammentarji li jmorru lura għaż-żmien tal-qagħda umana. Il-kumpanija bijofarmaċewtika deCODE Genetics iffinanzjat il-ħolqien ta' database ġenealoġika li għandha l-għan li tkopri l-abitanti magħrufa kollha tal-Islanda. Huwa jqis li d-database, imsejħa Íslendingabók, hija għodda siewja biex titwettaq riċerka dwar mard ġenetiku, minħabba l-iżolament relattiv tal-popolazzjoni tal-Islanda. </p><p>Il-popolazzjoni tal-gżira hija maħsuba li kienet tvarja minn 40,000 sa 60,000 fil-perjodu mill-issetiljar inizjali sa nofs is-seklu 19. Matul dak iż-żmien, xtiewi kesħin, irmied jaqa 'minn eruzzjonijiet vulkaniċi, u pesti buboniċi affettwaw b'mod negattiv il-popolazzjoni diversi drabi. Kien hemm 37 sena ta' ġuħ fl-Islanda bejn l-1500 u l-1804. L-ewwel ċensiment sar fl-1703 u żvela li dak iż-żmien il-popolazzjoni kienet ta' 50,358. Wara l-eruzzjonijiet vulkaniċi distruttivi tal-vulkan Laki matul l-1783-1784, il-popolazzjoni laħqet livell baxx ta' madwar 40,000. It-titjib tal-kundizzjonijiet tal-għajxien wassal għal żieda mgħaġġla fil-popolazzjoni minn nofs is-seklu 19, minn madwar 60,000 abitant fl-1850 għal 320,000 fl-2008. L-Iżlanda għandha popolazzjoni relattivament żagħżugħa għal pajjiż żviluppat, b’wieħed minn kull ħames persuni għandu 14-il sena jew iżgħar. B'rata ta' fertilità ta' 2.1, l-Islanda hija waħda mill-ftit pajjiżi Ewropej b'rata ta' twelid biżżejjed għat-tkabbir tal-popolazzjoni fit-tul. </p><p>Minn Diċembru 2007, 33,678 persuna (13.5% tal-popolazzjoni totali) li jgħixu fl-Islanda twieldu barra, inklużi tfal ta' ġenituri Iżlandiżi li jgħixu barra. Madwar 19,000 ruħ (6% tal-popolazzjoni) kellhom ċittadinanza barranija. Il-Pollakki jiffurmaw l-akbar grupp minoritarju b'marġni konsiderevoli u għadhom jiffurmaw il-maġġoranza tal-forza tax-xogħol barranija. Madwar 8,000 Pollakk issa jgħixu fl-Iżlanda, 1,500 minnhom fi Fjarðabyggð, fejn huma jammontaw għal 75% tal-forza tax-xogħol li tibni l-impjant tal-aluminju Fjarðarál. Proġetti ta' kostruzzjoni fuq skala kbira fil-Lvant tal-Iżlanda (ara l-impjant idroelettriku ta' Kárahnjúkar) ġabu wkoll ħafna nies li l-waqfa tagħhom mistennija tkun temporanja. Ħafna immigranti Pollakki kienu qed jikkunsidraw ukoll li jitilqu fl-2008 bħala riżultat tal-kriżi finanzjarja Iżlandiża. </p><p>Il-ponta tal-Lbiċ tal-Islanda hija bil-bosta l-aktar reġjun b'popolazzjoni densa. Hija wkoll il-post tal-kapitali, Reykjavík, il-kapitali nazzjonali l-aktar fit-Tramuntana fid-dinja. Aktar minn 70 fil-mija tal-popolazzjoni tal-Islanda tgħix fil-Lbiċ imbiegħed (Greater Reykjavík u l-Peniżola tan-Nofsinhar fil-qrib), li tkopri inqas minn tnejn fil-mija tal-art tal-Islanda. L-akbar belt barra Greater Reykjavík hija Reykjanesbær, li tinsab fil-peniżola tan-Nofsinhar, inqas minn 50 km (31 mi) mill-kapitali. L-akbar belt barra l-ponta tal-Lbiċ hija Akureyri, fit-Tramuntana tal-Islanda. </p><p>Madwar 500 Islandiż taħt it-tmexxija ta 'Erik l-Aħmar stabbilixxew fi Greenland fl-aħħar tas-seklu 10 Il-popolazzjoni totali laħqet il-quċċata ta' forsi 5,000, u żviluppaw istituzzjonijiet indipendenti qabel ma għebu fl-1500. In-nies ta' Groenlandja ppruvaw jistabbilixxu soluzzjoni f'Vinland fl-Amerika ta' Fuq, iżda abbandunaha quddiem l-ostilità mir-residenti indiġeni. </p><p>L-emigrazzjoni tal-Islandiżi lejn l-Istati Uniti u l-Kanada bdiet fl-1870s Mill-2006, il-Kanada kellha aktar minn 88,000 ruħ ta' antenati Iżlandiżi, filwaqt li hemm aktar minn 40,000 Amerikani ta' antenati Iżlandiżi, skont iċ-ċensiment tal-2000 tal-Istati Uniti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Saħħa"><span id="Sa.C4.A7.C4.A7a"></span>Saħħa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Saħħa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Saħħa"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Life_expectancy_in_Iceland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Life_expectancy_in_Iceland.svg/220px-Life_expectancy_in_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Life_expectancy_in_Iceland.svg/330px-Life_expectancy_in_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Life_expectancy_in_Iceland.svg/440px-Life_expectancy_in_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>L-istennija tal-ħajja fl-Islanda, 1838-2021</figcaption></figure> <p>L-Iżlanda għandha sistema tal-kura tas-saħħa universali amministrata mill-Ministeru tal-Ħarsien Soċjali (Iżlandiż: Velferðarráðuneytið) u ffinanzjata primarjament mit-taxxi (85%) u, sa ċertu punt, miżati tas-servizz (15%). B'differenza mill-biċċa l-kbira tal-pajjiżi, m'hemmx sptarijiet privati u l-assigurazzjoni privata hija prattikament ineżistenti. </p><p>Porzjon konsiderevoli tal-baġit tal-gvern huwa allokat għall-kura tas-saħħa, u l-Islanda tikklassifika fil-11-il post fin-nefqa tal-kura tas-saħħa bħala perċentwal tal-PGD u l-14 fl-infiq per capita. B'mod ġenerali, is-sistema tal-kura tas-saħħa tal-pajjiż hija waħda mill-aqwa prestazzjoni fid-dinja, ikklassifikata fil-15-il post mill-Organizzazzjoni Dinjija tas-Saħħa. Skont rapport tal-OECD, l-Islanda tiddedika ferm aktar riżorsi għall-kura tas-saħħa mill-biċċa l-kbira tan-nazzjonijiet industrijalizzati. Fl-2009, l-Islanda kellha 3.7 tobba għal kull 1,000 ruħ (meta mqabbla ma’ medja ta’ 3.1 fil-pajjiżi tal-OECD) u 15.3 infermiera għal kull 1,000 ruħ (meta mqabbla ma’ medja tal-OECD ta’ 8,4). </p><p>L-Islandiżi huma fost l-aktar nies b’saħħithom fid-dinja, b’81% jirrappurtaw li huma f’saħħithom, skont stħarriġ tal-OECD. Għalkemm hija problema li qed tikber, l-obeżità mhijiex daqshekk komuni bħal f'pajjiżi żviluppati oħra. L-Islanda għandha ħafna kampanji ta' saħħa u benessri, inkluż il-famuż show televiżiv Lazytown, b’protagonisti u maħluqa mill-eks champion tal-ġinnastika Magnus Scheving. Il-mortalità tat-trabi hija waħda mill-inqas fid-dinja, u l-proporzjon tal-popolazzjoni li tpejjep huwa inqas mill-medja tal-OECD. Kważi n-nisa kollha jagħżlu li jtemmu t-tqala ta’ tfal bis-sindromu ta' Down fl-Islanda. L-istennija tal-ħajja medja hija ta' 81.8 snin (meta mqabbla ma’ medja tal-OECD ta’ 79.5), ir-raba' l-ogħla fid-dinja. </p><p>L-Islanda għandha livell baxx ħafna ta' tniġġis, grazzi għal dipendenza kbira fuq enerġija ġeotermali aktar nadifa, densità baxxa ta' popolazzjoni, u livell għoli ta' għarfien ambjentali fost iċ-ċittadini. Skont valutazzjoni tal-OECD, l-ammont ta 'materjali tossiċi fl-atmosfera huwa ħafna inqas minn fi kwalunkwe pajjiż industrijalizzat ieħor imkejjel. </p><p>Fl-2019, ir-rata ta' suwiċidju aġġustata skont l-età fl-Islanda kienet ta' 11.2 każ għal kull 100,000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reliġjon"><span id="Reli.C4.A1jon"></span>Reliġjon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Reliġjon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Reliġjon"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Sta%C3%B0arbakkakirkja.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sta%C3%B0arbakkakirkja.jpg/220px-Sta%C3%B0arbakkakirkja.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sta%C3%B0arbakkakirkja.jpg/330px-Sta%C3%B0arbakkakirkja.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sta%C3%B0arbakkakirkja.jpg/440px-Sta%C3%B0arbakkakirkja.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1582" data-file-height="1336" /></a><figcaption>Knisja fil-majjistral tal-Iżlanda.</figcaption></figure> <p>L-Islandiżi għandhom il-libertà tar-reliġjon garantita mill-Kostituzzjoni, għalkemm il-Knisja tal-Islanda, entità Luterana, hija l-knisja tal-istat: </p><p>Il-Knisja Evanġelika Luterana se tkun il-Knisja tal-Istat fl-Islanda u, bħala tali, se tkun appoġġjata u protetta mill-Istat. </p><p>— Artikolu 62, Taqsima IV tal-Kostituzzjoni tal-Iżlanda Madwar 80 fil-mija tal-Islandiżi affiljaw legalment ma' denominazzjoni reliġjuża, proċess li jseħħ awtomatikament mat-twelid u li minnu jistgħu jagħżlu li ma joħorġux. Huma jħallsu wkoll taxxa tal-knisja (sóknargjald), li l-gvern juża biex jgħin jiffinanzja r-reliġjon reġistrata tagħhom jew, jekk ma jkollhomx reliġjon, l-Università tal-Islanda. </p><p>Ir-Reġistru Iżlandiż iżomm rekord tal-affiljazzjoni reliġjuża taċ-ċittadini Islandiżi kollha. Fl-2017, l-Islandiżi kienu maqsuma fi gruppi reliġjużi kif ġej: </p> <ul><li>67.22% membri tal-Knisja tal-Islanda;</li> <li>11.56% membri ta’ denominazzjoni Kristjana oħra;</li></ul> <p>11.29% reliġjonijiet oħra u mhux speċifikati; </p> <ul><li>6.69% mhux affiljati;</li> <li>1.19% membri ta' gruppi pagani Ġermaniċi (99% minnhom jappartjenu għal Ásatrúarfélagið);</li></ul> <p>0.67% membri tal-Assoċjazzjoni Umanista Etika Iżlandiża; </p> <ul><li>0.55% tal-membri tal-grupp Zuist.</li></ul> <p>Fit-8 ta' Marzu, 2021, l-Islanda għarfet formalment il-Ġudaiżmu bħala reliġjon għall-ewwel darba. Il-Lhud Iżlandiżi se jkollhom l-għażla li jirreġistraw bħala tali u jallokaw it-taxxi tagħhom għar-reliġjon tagħhom stess. Fost benefiċċji oħra, ir-rikonoxximent se jippermetti wkoll li ż-żwiġijiet Lhud, il-magħmudija tat-trabi u ċ-ċerimonji tal-funerali jiġu rikonoxxuti ċivilment. </p><p>L-Iżlanda hija pajjiż sekulari ħafna; Bħal f'nazzjonijiet Nordiċi oħra, l-attendenza tal-knisja hija relattivament baxxa. L-istatistika ta 'hawn fuq tirrappreżenta s-sħubija amministrattiva ta' organizzazzjonijiet reliġjużi, li mhux neċessarjament tirrifletti d-demografija tat-twemmin tal-popolazzjoni. Skont studju ppubblikat fl-2001, 23% tal-abitanti kienu atei jew agnostiċi. Stħarriġ tal-Gallup tal-2012 sab li 57% tal-Islandiżi kienu jqisu lilhom infushom bħala "reliġjużi", 31% qiesu lilhom infushom "mhux reliġjużi", filwaqt li 10% iddefinixxew lilhom infushom bħala "atei konvinti", u poġġew lill-Islanda fost l-għaxar pajjiżi bl-ogħla proporzjonijiet ta' atei fi id-dinja. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kultura">Kultura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Kultura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Kultura"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il-kultura Iżlandiża għandha l-għeruq tagħha fit-tradizzjonijiet Ġermaniżi tat-Tramuntana. Il-letteratura Iżlandiża hija popolari, partikolarment is-saga u l-eddas li nkitbu matul il-Medju Evu Għoli u Tard. Sekli ta' iżolament għenu biex tiġi iżolata l-kultura Nordika tal-pajjiż minn influwenza barra; eżempju prominenti huwa l-preservazzjoni tal-lingwa Islandiża, li tibqa' l-eqreb tan-Norveġju Qadim tal-lingwi Norveżi moderni kollha. </p><p>B'differenza minn pajjiżi Nordiċi oħra, l-Islandiżi jagħtu importanza relattivament kbira lill-indipendenza u l-awtosuffiċjenza; F'analiżi tal-opinjoni pubblika mill-Kummissjoni Ewropea, aktar minn 85% tal-Islandiżi jemmnu li l-indipendenza hija "importanti ħafna", meta mqabbla ma' 47% tan-Norveġiżi, 49% tad-Daniżi u medja ta' 53% għall-UE25. L-Islandiżi għandhom ukoll etika tax-xogħol b'saħħitha ħafna, li jaħdmu wħud mill-itwal sigħat ta 'kull nazzjon industrijalizzat. </p><p>Skont stħarriġ li sar mill-OECD, 66% tal-Islandiżi kienu sodisfatti b’ħajjithom, filwaqt li 70% jemmnu li ħajjithom tkun sodisfaċenti fil-futur. Bl-istess mod, 83% rrappurtaw li kellhom aktar esperjenzi pożittivi f’ġurnata medja minn dawk negattivi, meta mqabbla mal-medja tal-OECD ta' 72%, u b’hekk l-Islanda kienet waħda mill-aktar pajjiżi kuntenti tal-OECD. Stħarriġ aktar reċenti mill-2012 sab li madwar tliet kwarti ta' dawk li wieġbu qalu li kienu sodisfatti b’ħajjithom, meta mqabbla ma' medja globali ta' madwar 53%. </p><p>L-Islandiżi huma magħrufa għas-sens qawwi ta' komunità u n-nuqqas ta' iżolament soċjali: stħarriġ tal-OECD sab li 98% jemmnu li jafu lil xi ħadd li jistgħu jistrieħu fuqu fi żmien ta' bżonn, ċifra ogħla minn xi mkien ieħor. Bl-istess mod, 6% biss iddikjaraw li "rari" jew "qatt" jissoċjalizzaw ma' oħrajn. Dan il-livell għoli ta 'koeżjoni soċjali huwa attribwit għad-daqs żgħir u l-omoġeneità tal-popolazzjoni, kif ukoll storja twila ta' sopravivenza iebsa f'ambjent iżolat, li saħħet l-importanza tal-unità u l-kooperazzjoni. </p><p>L-egalitarjaniżmu huwa apprezzat ħafna fost l-Islandiżi, u l-inugwaljanza fid-dħul hija waħda mill-inqas fid-dinja. Il-kostituzzjoni tipprojbixxi b'mod espliċitu l-għoti ta' privileġġi, titoli u gradi nobbli. Kulħadd jissejjaħ bl-ewwel ismu. Bħal f’pajjiżi Nordiċi oħra, l-ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi hija għolja ħafna; L-Islanda b'mod konsistenti tikklassifika fost l-aqwa tliet pajjiżi fid-dinja fejn jgħixu n-nisa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Letteratura_2">Letteratura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Letteratura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Letteratura"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fl-2011, Reykjavik ġiet innominata Belt tal-Letteratura tal-UNESCO. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:M%C3%B6%C3%B0ruvallab%C3%B3k_f13r.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/M%C3%B6%C3%B0ruvallab%C3%B3k_f13r.jpg/220px-M%C3%B6%C3%B0ruvallab%C3%B3k_f13r.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/M%C3%B6%C3%B0ruvallab%C3%B3k_f13r.jpg/330px-M%C3%B6%C3%B0ruvallab%C3%B3k_f13r.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/M%C3%B6%C3%B0ruvallab%C3%B3k_f13r.jpg/440px-M%C3%B6%C3%B0ruvallab%C3%B3k_f13r.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="491" /></a><figcaption>Paġna mis-saga Njáls ta' Möðruvallabók. Is-saga huma parti importanti mill-wirt Iżlandiż.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ix-xogħlijiet klassiċi l-aktar magħrufa tal-letteratura Iżlandiża huma s-saga Islandiżi, epika tal-proża li nħolqu fi żmien il-kolonizzazzjoni tal-Islanda. L-aktar famużi minn dawn huma s-saga Njáls, dwar feda epika mdemmija, u s-saga Grænlendinga u Eiríks, li jiddeskrivu l-iskoperta u l-kolonizzazzjoni ta' Greenland u Vinland (Newfoundland moderna). Is-saga Egils, Laxdæla, Grettis, Gísla u Gunnlaugs ormstungu huma wkoll saga Islandiżi notevoli u popolari. </p><p>Fis-seklu 16 ġiet ippubblikata traduzzjoni tal-Bibbja. Fost l-aktar kompożizzjonijiet importanti mis-seklu 15 sas-seklu 19 hemm versi sagri, l-aktar l-Innijiet tal-Passjoni ta' Hallgrímur Pétursson, u r-rímur, poeżiji epiċi b'rima. Rímur, li oriġina fis-seklu 14, kien popolari sas-seklu 19, meta l-kittieb Romantiku Nazzjonali influwenti Jónas Hallgrímsson qanqal l-iżvilupp ta' forom letterarji ġodda. F’dawn l-aħħar żminijiet, l-Islanda pproduċiet ħafna kittieba kbar, l-aktar magħruf fosthom huwa bla dubju Halldór Laxness, li rċieva l-Premju Nobel għal-Letteratura fl-1955 (l-uniku Iżlandiż li s’issa rebaħ Premju Nobel). Steinn Steinarr kien poeta modernista influwenti tal-bidu tas-seklu 20 li għadu popolari. </p><p>L-Islandiżi huma konsumaturi ħżiena tal-letteratura u għandhom l-akbar numru ta' ħwienet tal-kotba per capita fid-dinja. Meta wieħed iqis id-daqs tagħha, l-Islanda timporta u tittraduċi aktar letteratura internazzjonali minn kwalunkwe nazzjon ieħor. L-Islanda għandha wkoll l-ogħla pubblikazzjoni per capita ta' kotba u rivisti, u madwar 10% tal-popolazzjoni se tippubblika ktieb tul ħajjitha. </p><p>Il-biċċa l-kbira tal-kotba fl-Islanda jinbiegħu bejn l-aħħar ta' Settembru u l-bidu ta' Novembru. Dan il-perjodu huwa magħruf bħala Jólabókaflóð, l-għargħar tal-kotba tal-Milied. L-għargħar jibda bit-tqassim b'xejn lid-djar Islandiżi kollha tal-Bókatíðindi, katalgu tal-pubblikazzjonijiet ġodda kollha mill-Assoċjazzjoni tal-Pubblikaturi Iżlandiżi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arti">Arti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Arti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Arti"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Thorarinn_thingvellir.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Thorarinn_thingvellir.jpg/220px-Thorarinn_thingvellir.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Thorarinn_thingvellir.jpg/330px-Thorarinn_thingvellir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Thorarinn_thingvellir.jpg/440px-Thorarinn_thingvellir.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3252" data-file-height="2228" /></a><figcaption>Þingvellir minn Þórarinn B. Þorláksson</figcaption></figure> <p>L-aktar kompożituri klassiċi magħrufa tal-Islanda jinkludu Daníel Bjarnason u Anna S. Þorvaldsdóttir, li fl-2012 irċieva l-Premju tal-Mużika tal-Kunsill Nordiku u fl-2015 ġie elett Kravis Emerging Composer tal-Filarmonika ta' New York, unur li jinkludi premju fi flus ta' $50,000 u kummissjoni. li tikteb kompożizzjoni għall-orkestra; Hija t-tieni riċevitur. </p><p>L-innu nazzjonali tal-Islanda huwa Lofsöngur, miktub minn Matthías Jochumsson, b'mużika ta' Sveinbjörn Sveinbjörnsson. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mużika"><span id="Mu.C5.BCika"></span>Mużika</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Mużika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Mużika"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Bj%C3%B6rk_-_Hurricane_Festival.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bj%C3%B6rk_-_Hurricane_Festival.jpg/220px-Bj%C3%B6rk_-_Hurricane_Festival.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bj%C3%B6rk_-_Hurricane_Festival.jpg/330px-Bj%C3%B6rk_-_Hurricane_Festival.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Bj%C3%B6rk_-_Hurricane_Festival.jpg/440px-Bj%C3%B6rk_-_Hurricane_Festival.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="756" /></a><figcaption>Björk, il-kantant Iżlandiż l-aktar magħruf</figcaption></figure> <p>Ħafna mill-mużika Iżlandiża hija relatata mal-mużika Nordika u tinkludi tradizzjonijiet folk u pop. Fost l-aktar gruppi mużikali Iżlandiżi notevoli hemm il-grupp tal-mużika medjevali Voces Thules, gruppi rock alternattiv u indie bħal The Sugarcubes, Sóley u Of Monsters and Men, il-band jazz fusion Mezzoforte, kantanti pop bħal Hafdís Huld, Emilínana Torrini u Björk, kantanti tal-ballad solisti bħal Bubbi Morthens, u baned post-rock bħal Amiina u Sigur Rós. Il-mużika indipendenti hija b'saħħitha fl-Islanda, b'baned bħal múm u artisti solisti bħal Daði Freyr. </p><p>Il-mużika tradizzjonali Iżlandiża hija reliġjuża ħafna. L-innijiet, kemm reliġjużi kif ukoll sekulari, huma forma ta' mużika partikolarment żviluppata sew, minħabba l-iskarsezza ta' strumenti mużikali matul ħafna mill-istorja tal-Islanda. Hallgrímur Pétursson kiteb ħafna innijiet Protestanti fis-seklu 17. Il-mużika Iżlandiża ġiet immodernizzata fis-seklu 19 meta Magnús Stephensen ġab orgni tal-pajpijiet, li kienu segwiti minn harmoniums. Tradizzjonijiet vitali oħra tal-mużika Iżlandiża huma l-ballads epiċi allitterattivi u rimati msejħa rímur. Ir-Rímur huma rakkonti epiċi, ġeneralment a cappella, li jmorru lura għall-poeżija skaldika, li jużaw metafori kumplessi u skemi ta' rima elaborati. L-iktar poeta rímur magħruf tas-seklu 19 kien Sigurður Breiðfjörð (1798-1846). Rivitalizzazzjoni moderna tat-tradizzjoni bdiet fl-1929 bil-formazzjoni ta' Kvæðamannafélagið Iðunn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kċina"><span id="K.C4.8Bina"></span>Kċina</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Kċina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Kċina"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Thorramatur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Thorramatur.jpg/220px-Thorramatur.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Thorramatur.jpg/330px-Thorramatur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Thorramatur.jpg/440px-Thorramatur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Assortiment tipiku ta' Þorramatur</figcaption></figure> <p>Ħafna mill-kċina tal-Islanda hija bbażata fuq ħut, ħaruf, u prodotti tal-ħalib, bi ftit jew xejn użu ta 'ħxejjex aromatiċi jew ħwawar. Minħabba l-klima tal-gżira, il-frott u l-ħaxix mhumiex tipikament komponent ta' platti tradizzjonali, għalkemm l-użu ta' serer għamilhom aktar komuni fl-ikel kontemporanju. Iż-Þorramatur hija għażla ta' kċina tradizzjonali li tikkonsisti f’ħafna platti u ġeneralment tiġi kkunsmata madwar ix-xahar ta' Þorri, li jibda fl-ewwel Ġimgħa wara d-19 ta' Jannar. Dixxijiet tradizzjonali jinkludu wkoll skyr (ġobon bħal jogurt), hákarl (kelb il-baħar vulkanizzat), muntun vulkanizzat, irjus tan-nagħaġ maħruqa u zalzett, flatkaka (ħobż ċatt), ħut imnixxef, u ħobż tas-segala skur tradizzjonalment moħmi fl-art f'żoni ġeotermali. Puffin huwa meqjus bħala Ħelwa lokali li ħafna drabi tiġi ppreparata fuq il-grill. </p><p>Il-kolazzjon normalment jikkonsisti fi pancakes, ċereali, frott u kafè, filwaqt li l-ikla tista’ tieħu l-forma ta' smörgåsbord. L-ikla ewlenija tal-ġurnata għall-biċċa l-kbira tal-Islandiżi hija l-pranzu, li ġeneralment tinkludi ħut jew ħaruf bħala l-platt prinċipali. Il-frott tal-baħar huwa ċentrali għall-biċċa l-kbira tal-kċina Islandiża, partikolarment il-merluzz u l-haddock, iżda wkoll is-salamun, l-aringi u l-ħalibatt. Ħafna drabi jiġi ppreparat f'varjetà wiesgħa ta' modi, kemm jekk affumikat, imnaddfin, mgħolli jew imnixxef. Il-ħaruf huwa bil-bosta l-aktar laħam komuni, u għandu t-tendenza li jiġi mqadded bl-affumikazzjoni (magħruf bħala hangikjöt) jew ippreservat fil-melħ (salkjöt). Ħafna platti anzjani jużaw il-partijiet kollha tan-nagħaġ, bħal slátur, li jikkonsisti f'ġewwieni (vixxeri u organi interni) imqatta' flimkien mad-demm u servut fl-istonku tan-nagħaġ. Barra minn hekk, patata mgħollija jew maxx, kaboċċi imnaddfin, fażola ħadra, u ħobż tas-segala huma sekondarji komuni. </p><p>Il-kafè huwa xarba popolari fl-Iżlanda, u fl-2016 il-pajjiż ikklassifika fit-tielet post fil-konsum per capita globalment, u jinxtorob fil-kolazzjon, wara l-ikel, u bi snack ħafif ta' nofs wara nofsinhar. Il-Coca-Cola hija wkoll ikkunsmata ħafna, sal-punt li l-pajjiż jingħad li għandu waħda mill-ogħla rati ta' konsum per capita fid-dinja. </p><p>Ix-xarba alkoħolika ewlenija tal-Islanda hija brennivín (litteralment "inbid maħruq [jiġifieri distillat]"), li għandu togħma simili għall-varjant akvavit tal-brännvin Skandinav. Huwa tip ta 'spirtu magħmul minn patata distillata u mħawwar biż-żerriegħa tal-ħlewwa jew tal-anġelika. Il-qawwa tiegħu qaltilha l-laqam svarti dauði ("Mewt l-Iswed"). Id-distilleriji moderni tal-Islanda jipproduċu vodka (Reyka), ġinn (Ísafold), brandy tal-ħażiż (Fjallagrasa), u brandy u likur bit-togħma tal-betula (Birkir u Björk mid-distillerija Foss). Martin Miller iħallat l-ilma Iżlandiż mal-ġinn distillat bl-Ingliż tiegħu fil-gżira. Birra qawwija kienet ipprojbita sal-1989, għalhekk il-bjórlíki, taħlita ta' birra pilsner legali b'livell baxx ta' alkoħol u vodka, saret popolari. Fil-birreriji Iżlandiżi bħalissa qed isiru diversi birer qawwija. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Sport" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Sport"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Iceland%27s_Olympic_Handball_Team,_Beijing_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Iceland%27s_Olympic_Handball_Team%2C_Beijing_2008.jpg/220px-Iceland%27s_Olympic_Handball_Team%2C_Beijing_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Iceland%27s_Olympic_Handball_Team%2C_Beijing_2008.jpg/330px-Iceland%27s_Olympic_Handball_Team%2C_Beijing_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Iceland%27s_Olympic_Handball_Team%2C_Beijing_2008.jpg/440px-Iceland%27s_Olympic_Handball_Team%2C_Beijing_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2203" data-file-height="1261" /></a><figcaption>It-tim nazzjonali tal-handball tal-irġiel tal-Islanda (fir-ritratt) rebaħ il-midalja tal-fidda fl-Olimpjadi tas-Sajf tal-2008 huwa meqjus bħala l-isport nazzjonali tal-Islanda.</figcaption></figure> <p>L-isport huwa parti importanti mill-kultura Iżlandiża, peress li l-popolazzjoni ġeneralment hija pjuttost attiva. L-isport tradizzjonali ewlieni fl-Iżlanda huwa Glíma, forma ta' lotta maħsub li oriġina fi żmien medjevali. </p><p>L-isports popolari jinkludu futbol, atletika, handball u basketball. Il-handball huwa spiss meqjus bħala l-isport nazzjonali. It-tim nazzjonali tal-futbol tal-Islanda kkwalifika għall-Kampjonat Ewropew tal-Futbol tal-UEFA 2016 għall-ewwel darba Huma rreġistraw draw kontra r-rebbieħa eventwali tal-Portugall fil-fażi tal-gruppi u għeleb lill-Ingilterra 2–1 fir-rawnd tas-16. , b'gowls ta' Ragnar Sigurðsson u Kolbeinn. Sigþórsson. Imbagħad tilfu kontra l-ospiti u l-finalisti eventwali Franza fil-kwarti tal-finali. Wara dan, l-Islanda għamlet id-debutt tagħha fit-Tazza tad-Dinja tal-FIFA tal-2018 kemm għall-Kampjonati Ewropej kif ukoll għad-Dinja, l-Islanda sal-lum hija l-iżgħar nazzjon f'termini ta' popolazzjoni li kkwalifika. </p><p>L-Iżlanda hija wkoll l-iżgħar pajjiż li kkwalifika għall-Eurobasket, wara li għamlet dan fl-2015 u fl-2017. Madankollu, naqset li tirbaħ logħba waħda fil-finali Ewropej tal-basketball. </p><p>L-Islanda għandha kundizzjonijiet eċċellenti għall-iskijar, is-sajd, is-snowboarding, it-tixbit tas-silġ u t-tixbit tal-blat, għalkemm il-muntanji u l-mixi huma preferuti mill-pubbliku ġenerali. L-Islanda hija wkoll destinazzjoni ta' klassi dinjija għall-iskijar alpin u l-iskijjar tat-Telemark, bil-Peniżola Troll fit-Tramuntana tal-Islanda tkun iċ-ċentru ewlieni tal-attività. Għalkemm l-ambjent ġenerali tal-pajjiż mhuwiex adattat għall-golf, hemm ħafna korsijiet tal-golf madwar il-gżira, u l-Islanda għandha persentaġġ ogħla tal-popolazzjoni tal-golf mill-Iskozja, b'aktar minn 17,000 golfer reġistrat minn popolazzjoni ta' madwar 300,000. L-Islanda tospita tournament internazzjonali tal-golf annwali magħruf bħala l-Arctic Open li jintlagħab matul il-lejl matul is-solstizju tas-sajf fl-Akureyri Golf Club. L-Islanda rebħet ukoll it-tieni l-aktar kompetizzjonijiet b'saħħithom fid-dinja ta' kull pajjiż b'disa' titli, inklużi erbgħa minn Magnús Ver Magnússon u Jón Páll Sigmarsson u, l-aktar reċenti, Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson fl-2018. </p><p>L-Islanda hija wkoll waħda mill-pajjiżi ewlenin fil-qdif tal-oċeani. L-esploratur u atleta ta' reżistenza Iżlandiż Fiann Paul għandu l-akbar numru ta' Guinness World Records ibbażati fuq il-prestazzjoni f'dixxiplina atletika waħda. Mill-2020, huwa l-ewwel u l-unika persuna li kiseb il-Grand Slam tal-Oċean Explorers (li jagħmel vjaġġi fl-ilma miftuħ f’kull wieħed mill-ħames oċeani bl-użu ta' bastimenti li jaħdmu bil-bniedem) u kellu Guinness World Records għall-veloċità ġenerali għall-qadfa l-itwal madwar l-erba’ oċeani (Atlantiku, Indjan, Paċifiku u Artiku) f’dgħajsa tal-qdif li taħdem mill-bniedem. Huwa kien kiseb total ta' 41, inklużi 33 Guinness World Records ibbażati fuq il-prestazzjoni fl-2020. </p><p>L-għawm hija attività popolari ħafna fl-Islanda. Hemm ħafna pixxini fil-beraħ imsaħħna bl-enerġija ġeotermali u l-korsijiet tal-għawm huma parti obbligatorja mill-kurrikulu nazzjonali. L-irkib taż-żiemel, li storikament kien l-aktar mezz ta’ trasport komuni fil-gżira, jibqa’ attività komuni għal ħafna Iżlandiżi. </p><p>L-eqdem assoċjazzjoni sportiva fl-Islanda hija l-Assoċjazzjoni tal-Isparar ta' Reykjavík, imwaqqfa fl-1867. L-isparar bir-rifle sar popolari ħafna fis-seklu 19 bl-appoġġ ta' politiċi u nazzjonalisti li qed jiġġieldu għall-indipendenza tal-Islanda. Sal-lum, jibqa’ passatemp importanti. </p><p>L-Iżlanda pproduċiet ukoll ħafna kaptani taċ-ċess u ospitat il-Kampjonat Dinji taċ-Ċess storiku tal-1972 f'Reykjavík matul l-eqqel tal-Gwerra Bierda. Mill-2008, kien hemm disa' grandmasters taċ-ċess Iżlandiżi, numru konsiderevoli minħabba d-daqs żgħir tal-popolazzjoni. Bridge huwa popolari wkoll, u l-Islanda tipparteċipa f'diversi tournaments internazzjonali. L-Iżlanda rebħet il-kampjonat dinji tal-bridge (il-Bermuda Bowl) f’Yokohama, il-Ġappun, fl-1991 u ħadet it-tieni post (mal-Isvezja) f’Hamilton, Bermuda, fl-1950. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenzi">Referenzi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Referenzi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Referenzi"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r272200">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStatistics_Iceland" class="citation web cs1">Statistics Iceland (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statice.is/?PageID=1390">"Statistics Iceland:Key figures"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statistics+Iceland%3AKey+figures&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statice.is%2F%3FPageID%3D1390&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r256707">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imf2-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_2-2"><sup><i><b>ċ</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Monetary_Fund" class="citation web cs1">International Monetary Fund (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=60&pr.y=9&sy=2009&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=176&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=">"Iżlanda"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I%C5%BClanda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2013%2F01%2Fweodata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fpr.x%3D60%26pr.y%3D9%26sy%3D2009%26ey%3D2012%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D176%26s%3DNGDPD%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPGDP%252CPPPPC%252CLP%26grp%3D0%26a%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA_Govt-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_Govt_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCentral_Intelligence_Agency" class="citation web cs1">Central Intelligence Agency. United States Government (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200518191543/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ic.html">"CIA – The World Fact book – Iceland"</a>. <i>Government</i> (bl-Ingliż). Arkivjat minn <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ic.html">l-oriġinal</a> fl-2020-05-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Government&rft.atitle=CIA+%E2%80%93+The+World+Fact+book+%E2%80%93+Iceland&rft.au=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">Ċitazzjoni għandu parametr mhux magħruf u vojt: <code class="cs1-code">|aċċessdata=</code> (<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:%C5%BBbalji_CS1#param_unknown_empty" class="mw-redirect" title="Għajnuna:Żbalji CS1">għajnuna</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Statice-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Statice_4-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStatistics_Iceland" class="citation web cs1">Statistics Iceland. The National Statistical Institute of Iceland (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statice.is#Govt">"Statistics Iceland"</a>. <i>Government</i> (bl-Ingliż).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Government&rft.atitle=Statistics+Iceland&rft.au=Statistics+Iceland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statice.is%23Govt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">Ċitazzjoni għandu parametr mhux magħruf u vojt: <code class="cs1-code">|aċċessdata=</code> (<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:%C5%BBbalji_CS1#param_unknown_empty" class="mw-redirect" title="Għajnuna:Żbalji CS1">għajnuna</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Young2009-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Young2009_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDon_Young" class="citation book cs1">Don Young (2009). Hunter Publishing, Inc (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=Q-E04qINoCMC&pg=PT30"><i>Reykjavik Iceland & its Surroundings</i></a>. p. 30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reykjavik+Iceland+%26+its+Surroundings&rft.pages=30&rft.au=Don+Young&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ-E04qINoCMC%26pg%3DPT30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:SorsiKotba/9781588437983" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-58843-798-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tomasson-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tomasson_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTomasson" class="citation book cs1">Tomasson, Richard F. (1980). U of Minnesota Press (ed.). <i>Iceland, the first new society</i>. p. 63.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iceland%2C+the+first+new+society&rft.pages=63&rft.aulast=Tomasson&rft.aufirst=Richard+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">Ċitazzjoni għandu parametr mhux magħruf u vojt: <code class="cs1-code">|kuljom=</code> (<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:%C5%BBbalji_CS1#param_unknown_empty" class="mw-redirect" title="Għajnuna:Żbalji CS1">għajnuna</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:SorsiKotba/0816609136" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8166-0913-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOecd.org" class="citation web cs1">Oecd.org (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecd.org/document/60/0,2340,en_2649_34533_1942460_1_1_1_1,00.html">"OECD Tax Database"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OECD+Tax+Database&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd.org%2Fdocument%2F60%2F0%2C2340%2Cen_2649_34533_1942460_1_1_1_1%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">Ċitazzjoni għandu parametr mhux magħruf u vojt: <code class="cs1-code">|aċċessdata=</code> (<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:%C5%BBbalji_CS1#param_unknown_empty" class="mw-redirect" title="Għajnuna:Żbalji CS1">għajnuna</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOlaffson" class="citation web cs1">Olaffson, Stefán. borg.hi.is (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20041006011237/www.borg.hi.is/ChildWelfare">"The Icelandic Welfare State and the Conditions of Children"</a>. Arkivjat minn <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.borg.hi.is/ChildWelfare">l-oriġinal</a> fl-2004-10-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2013-07-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Icelandic+Welfare+State+and+the+Conditions+of+Children&rft.aulast=Olaffson&rft.aufirst=Stef%C3%A1n&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.borg.hi.is%2FChildWelfare&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">Ċitazzjoni għandu parametrs mhux magħruf u vojt: <code class="cs1-code">|aċċessdata=</code> u <code class="cs1-code">|kuljom=</code> (<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:%C5%BBbalji_CS1#param_unknown_empty" class="mw-redirect" title="Għajnuna:Żbalji CS1">għajnuna</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDI-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HDI_9-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Table1.pdf">"Tabella"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tabella&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fmedia%2FHDR_2011_EN_Table1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFFundforpeace.org" class="citation web cs1">Fundforpeace.org (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fundforpeace.org/global/?q=fsi">"Fundforpeace.org. Failed States Index (2011)"</a> (bl-Ingliż).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fundforpeace.org.+Failed+States+Index+%282011%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundforpeace.org%2Fglobal%2F%3Fq%3Dfsi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">Ċitazzjoni għandu parametr mhux magħruf u vojt: <code class="cs1-code">|aċċessdata=</code> (<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:%C5%BBbalji_CS1#param_unknown_empty" class="mw-redirect" title="Għajnuna:Żbalji CS1">għajnuna</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWww3.weforum.org" class="citation web cs1">Www3.weforum.org (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GenderGap_Report_2012.pdf">"The Global Gender Gap Report 2012"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Global+Gender+Gap+Report+2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww3.weforum.org%2Fdocs%2FWEF_GenderGap_Report_2012.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">Ċitazzjoni għandu parametr mhux magħruf u vojt: <code class="cs1-code">|aċċessdata=</code> (<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:%C5%BBbalji_CS1#param_unknown_empty" class="mw-redirect" title="Għajnuna:Żbalji CS1">għajnuna</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFicelandexport.is" class="citation web cs1">icelandexport.is (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icelandexport.is/english/about_iceland/icelandic_language/">"Icelandic Language"</a>. <i>Iceland Trade Directory</i> (bl-Ingliż).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iceland+Trade+Directory&rft.atitle=Icelandic+Language&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icelandexport.is%2Fenglish%2Fabout_iceland%2Ficelandic_language%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">Ċitazzjoni għandu parametr mhux magħruf u vojt: <code class="cs1-code">|aċċessdata=</code> (<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:%C5%BBbalji_CS1#param_unknown_empty" class="mw-redirect" title="Għajnuna:Żbalji CS1">għajnuna</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHeimur.is" class="citation web cs1">Heimur.is (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511213824/http://www.heimur.is/heimur/leit/frettir/Default.asp?ew_1_a_id=138249">"Heimur – Útgáfufyrirtækið"</a>. Arkivjat minn <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heimur.is/heimur/leit/frettir/Default.asp?ew_1_a_id=138249">l-oriġinal</a> fl-2011-05-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2013-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heimur+%E2%80%93+%C3%9Atg%C3%A1fufyrirt%C3%A6ki%C3%B0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heimur.is%2Fheimur%2Fleit%2Ffrettir%2FDefault.asp%3Few_1_a_id%3D138249&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AI%C5%BClanda" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">Ċitazzjoni għandu parametr mhux magħruf u vojt: <code class="cs1-code">|aċċessdata=</code> (<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:%C5%BBbalji_CS1#param_unknown_empty" class="mw-redirect" title="Għajnuna:Żbalji CS1">għajnuna</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707"></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.consilium.europa.eu/mt/policies/enlargement/iceland/">Iżlanda</a>, Kunsill tal-Unjoni Ewropea</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <table class="navbox noprint collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; margin:auto; background:white;background:white;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;width:100%;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="background:none; padding:0; font-weight:normal;;border:none;; font-size:xx-small;"><a href="/wiki/Mudell:Ewropa" title="Mudell:Ewropa"><span title="Ara dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;">a</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskussjoni_mudell:Ewropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskussjoni mudell:Ewropa (il-paġna ma teżistix)"><span title="Diskussjoni fuq dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mudell:Ewropa&action=edit"><span title="Immodifika dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;;">m</span></a></div></div><span class="" style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Pajji%C5%BCi_tad-dinja" title="Pajjiżi tad-dinja">Pajjiżi</a> fl-<a href="/wiki/Ewropa" title="Ewropa">Ewropa</a></span></th> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;">Stati sovrani</th><td colspan="1" class="hlist" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/Albanija" title="Albanija">Albanija</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Armenja" title="Armenja">Armenja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Awstrija" title="Awstrija">Awstrija</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/A%C5%BCerbaj%C4%A1an" title="Ażerbajġan">Ażerbajġan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Bel%C4%A1ju" title="Belġju">Belġju</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Belarussja" title="Belarussja">Belarussja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Bo%C5%BCnija-%C4%A6erzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Bożnija-Ħerzegovina">Bożnija-Ħerzegovina</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarija" title="Bulgarija">Bulgarija</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Aekja" title="Ċekja">Ċekja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Aipru" title="Ċipru">Ċipru</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Danimarka" title="Danimarka">Danimarka</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Estonja" title="Estonja">Estonja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Finlandja" title="Finlandja">Finlandja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Franza" title="Franza">Franza</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgia">Georgia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%C4%A0ermanja" title="Ġermanja">Ġermanja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gre%C4%8Bja" title="Greċja">Greċja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Repubblika_tal-Irlanda" title="Repubblika tal-Irlanda">Irlanda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Italja" title="Italja">Italja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iżlanda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%BCakistan" title="Każakistan">Każakistan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Kroazja" title="Kroazja">Kroazja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Latvja" title="Latvja">Latvja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Litwanja" title="Litwanja">Litwanja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Lussemburgu" title="Lussemburgu">Lussemburgu</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Repubblika_tal-Ma%C4%8Bedonja_ta%27_Fuq" title="Repubblika tal-Maċedonja ta' Fuq">Maċedonja ta' Fuq</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Monaco">Monaco</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Norve%C4%A1ja" title="Norveġja">Norveġja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Pajji%C5%BCi_l-Baxxi" title="Pajjiżi l-Baxxi">Pajjiżi l-Baxxi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Polonja" title="Polonja">Polonja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portugall" title="Portugall">Portugall</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Renju_Unit" title="Renju Unit">Renju Unit</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Rumanija" title="Rumanija">Rumanija</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Russja" title="Russja">Russja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Serbja" title="Serbja">Serbja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Slovakkja" title="Slovakkja">Slovakkja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Slovenja" title="Slovenja">Slovenja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Spanja" title="Spanja">Spanja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Turkija" title="Turkija">Turkija</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Ukrajna" title="Ukrajna">Ukrajna</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Ungerija" title="Ungerija">Ungerija</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Belt_tal-Vatikan" title="Belt tal-Vatikan">Vatikan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBvezja" title="Żvezja">Żvezja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBvizzera" title="Żvizzera">Żvizzera</a> </p> </div></td><td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; padding-left:7px; width:0%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Europe_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/70px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/105px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/140px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;">Stati b'rikonoxximent limitat</th><td colspan="1" class="hlist" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;background:#f7f7f7;"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/Abka%C5%BCja" title="Abkażja">Abkażja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Nagorno-Karabakh">Nagorno-Karabakh</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Ossezja_t%27Isfel" title="Ossezja t'Isfel">Ossezja t'Isfel</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Repubblika_Torka_tat-Tramuntana_ta%27_%C4%8Aipru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Repubblika Torka tat-Tramuntana ta' Ċipru (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Repubblika Torka tat-Tramuntana ta' Ċipru</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Transnistrija" title="Transnistrija">Transnistrija</a> </p> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <table class="navbox noprint collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; margin:auto;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" style="text-align:center;width:100%;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="background:none; padding:0; font-weight:normal;;border:none;; font-size:xx-small;"><a href="/wiki/Mudell:NATO" title="Mudell:NATO"><span title="Ara dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;">a</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskussjoni_mudell:NATO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskussjoni mudell:NATO (il-paġna ma teżistix)"><span title="Diskussjoni fuq dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mudell:NATO&action=edit"><span title="Immodifika dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;;">m</span></a></div></div><span class="" style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">Organizzazzjoni tat-Trattat tal-Atlantiku tat-Tramuntana (NATO)</a></span></th> </tr><tr><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:center;width:100%;font-size:95%;"> <a href="/wiki/Albanija" title="Albanija">Albanija</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Bel%C4%A1ju" title="Belġju">Belġju</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarija" title="Bulgarija">Bulgarija</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Aekja" title="Ċekja">Ċekja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Danimarka" title="Danimarka">Danimarka</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Estonja" title="Estonja">Estonja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Franza" title="Franza">Franza</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%C4%A0ermanja" title="Ġermanja">Ġermanja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gre%C4%8Bja" title="Greċja">Greċja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Italja" title="Italja">Italja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iżlanda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Kroazja" title="Kroazja">Kroazja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Latvja" title="Latvja">Latvja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Litwanja" title="Litwanja">Litwanja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Lussemburgu" title="Lussemburgu">Lussemburgu</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Repubblika_tal-Ma%C4%8Bedonja_ta%27_Fuq" title="Repubblika tal-Maċedonja ta' Fuq">Maċedonja ta' Fuq</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Norve%C4%A1ja" title="Norveġja">Norveġja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Pajji%C5%BCi_l-Baxxi" title="Pajjiżi l-Baxxi">Pajjiżi l-Baxxi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Polonja" title="Polonja">Polonja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portugall" title="Portugall">Portugall</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Renju_Unit" title="Renju Unit">Renju Unit</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Rumanija" title="Rumanija">Rumanija</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Slovakkja" title="Slovakkja">Slovakkja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Slovenja" title="Slovenja">Slovenja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Spanja" title="Spanja">Spanja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti" title="Stati Uniti">Stati Uniti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Turkija" title="Turkija">Turkija</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Ungerija" title="Ungerija">Ungerija</a></td> </tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <table class="navbox noprint collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; margin:auto; background:white;background:white;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;width:100%;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="background:none; padding:0; font-weight:normal;;border:none;; font-size:xx-small;"><a href="/wiki/Mudell:Kunsill_Nordiku" title="Mudell:Kunsill Nordiku"><span title="Ara dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;">a</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskussjoni_mudell:Kunsill_Nordiku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskussjoni mudell:Kunsill Nordiku (il-paġna ma teżistix)"><span title="Diskussjoni fuq dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mudell:Kunsill_Nordiku&action=edit"><span title="Immodifika dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;;">m</span></a></div></div><span class="" style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kunsill_Nordiku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kunsill Nordiku (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Kunsill Nordiku</a></span></th> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;">Membri</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/22px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/33px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/44px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Danimarka" title="Danimarka">Danimarka</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Finlandja" title="Finlandja">Finlandja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iżlanda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Norve%C4%A1ja" title="Norveġja">Norveġja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBvezja" title="Żvezja">Żvezja</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;">Assoċjati</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;background:#f7f7f7;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg/22px-Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg/33px-Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg/44px-Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="340" /></span></span> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C5%BCejjer_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gżejjer Åland (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Gżejjer Åland</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/G%C5%BCejjer_Faroe" title="Gżejjer Faroe">Gżejjer Faroe</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Groenlandja" class="mw-redirect" title="Groenlandja">Groenlandja</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;">Osservaturi</th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonja" title="Estonja">Estonja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Latvja" title="Latvja">Latvja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Litwanja" title="Litwanja">Litwanja</a></td> </tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Miksub minn "<a dir="ltr" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iżlanda&oldid=313578">https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iżlanda&oldid=313578</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Kategoriji" title="Speċjali:Kategoriji">Kategoriji</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:I%C5%BClanda" title="Kategorija:Iżlanda">Iżlanda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Pajji%C5%BCi_stabbiliti_fl-1944" title="Kategorija:Pajjiżi stabbiliti fl-1944">Pajjiżi stabbiliti fl-1944</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategoriji moħbija: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments" title="Kategorija:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C5%BBbalji_CS1:_parametri_mhux_mag%C4%A7rufa_u_vojta" title="Kategorija:Żbalji CS1: parametri mhux magħrufa u vojta">Żbalji CS1: parametri mhux magħrufa u vojta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Sorsi_CS1_bl-Ingli%C5%BC_(en)" title="Kategorija:Sorsi CS1 bl-Ingliż (en)">Sorsi CS1 bl-Ingliż (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Pa%C4%A1ni_li_ju%C5%BCaw_%C4%A7oloq_ma%C4%A1i%C4%8Bi_tal-ISBN" title="Kategorija:Paġni li jużaw ħoloq maġiċi tal-ISBN">Paġni li jużaw ħoloq maġiċi tal-ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> L-aħħar bidla fuq il-paġna: 19:18, 10 Settembru 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">It-test huwa disponibbli taħt il-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Liċenzja Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>; jistgħu japplikaw xi kundizzjonijiet oħra. Ara l-<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">kundizzjonijiet tal-użu</a> għal aktar dettalji.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Politika dwar il-privatezza</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Dwar">Dwar il-Wikipedija</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:%C4%8Aa%C4%A7da_%C4%A1enerali">Ċaħdiet</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Żviluppaturi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/mt.wikipedia.org">Statistika</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Stqarrija dwar il-cookies</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//mt.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%C5%BClanda&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Verżjoni għall-mowbajl</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-zcwrk","wgBackendResponseTime":175,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.384","walltime":"0.611","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5767,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":114417,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":39485,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":60658,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 332.229 1 -total"," 43.82% 145.594 1 Mudell:Referenzi"," 33.45% 111.116 11 Mudell:Ċita_web"," 24.69% 82.012 3 Mudell:Navbox"," 23.24% 77.208 3 Mudell:Navbox/core"," 17.75% 58.958 1 Mudell:Kunsill_Nordiku"," 14.46% 48.053 11 Mudell:Bandiera"," 10.33% 34.307 1 Mudell:Infobox_Pajjiż"," 8.76% 29.112 1 Mudell:Infobox_Temp"," 7.02% 23.310 1 Mudell:Ewropa"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.092","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":3300181,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-69xkf","timestamp":"20241123220957","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"I\u017clanda","url":"https:\/\/mt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/I%C5%BClanda","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q189","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q189","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-06-03T14:09:49Z","dateModified":"2024-09-10T19:18:20Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/ce\/Flag_of_Iceland.svg","headline":"stat sovran fit-Tramuntana tal-Ewropa"}</script> </body> </html>