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data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%9B" title="ƛ – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="ƛ" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda_com_barra" title="Lambda com barra – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lambda com barra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%9B" title="ƛ – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="ƛ" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" 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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:lightblue; color:black;;">Barred lambda</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span style="font-size: 4em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal">Ƛ ƛ</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Latin_letter_Lambda_with_stroke.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Upper and lower case of Latin barred lambda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Latin_letter_Lambda_with_stroke.svg/200px-Latin_letter_Lambda_with_stroke.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Latin_letter_Lambda_with_stroke.svg/300px-Latin_letter_Lambda_with_stroke.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Latin_letter_Lambda_with_stroke.svg/400px-Latin_letter_Lambda_with_stroke.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue; color:black; font-variant/style: ;">Usage</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Writing system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin script</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">alphabetic</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Americanist_phonetic_notation" title="Americanist phonetic notation">Americanist phonetic notation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sound values</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolar lateral affricate">tɬ</a>/</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><code>U+A7DC, U+019B</code></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue; color:black; font-variant/style: ;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Development</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="font-size: 1.25em; font-weight: normal"><a href="/wiki/Lambda" title="Lambda">Λ λ</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_(Latin_letter)" title="Lambda (Latin letter)">Ꟛ λ</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Ƛ ƛ</b></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue; color:black; font-variant/style: ;">Other</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="background:#ddf; padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3;">This article contains <b><a href="/wiki/Phonetic_transcription" title="Phonetic transcription">phonetic transcriptions</a> in the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> (IPA)</b>. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>. For the distinction between <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> and ⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"> </span>⟩, see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1092331828">@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .contains-special-characters{width:22em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right contains-special-characters noprint selfref"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">special characters</a>.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a>.</div></div> </div> <p>The <b>barred lambda</b> (Ƛ ƛ) (<span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">U+A7DC</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">Ƛ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN CAPITAL LETTER LAMBDA WITH STROKE</span>, <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+019B</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ƛ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN SMALL LETTER LAMBDA WITH STROKE</span>), is a modified letter of the <a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek alphabet</a>, commonly encountered in North American linguistics. It is used by the <a href="/wiki/Salishan_languages" title="Salishan languages">Salishan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wakashan_languages" title="Wakashan languages">Wakashan languages</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also used in <a href="/wiki/Americanist_phonetic_notation" title="Americanist phonetic notation">Americanist phonetic notation</a>, where it is also known as <b>running man</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to transcribe <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolar lateral affricate">t͡ɬ</a>]</span>. In <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">physics</a>, it is used to represent the <a href="/wiki/Wavelength#Angular_wavelength" title="Wavelength">angular wavelength</a>, i.e. the wavelength (λ) divided by 2<i>π</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tau" title="Tau">τ</a>), which corresponds to the length taken up by one <a href="/wiki/Radian" title="Radian">radian</a> of the wave. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:408px;max-width:408px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capital_lambda-bar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Capital letter barred lambda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Capital_lambda-bar.svg/200px-Capital_lambda-bar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Capital_lambda-bar.svg/300px-Capital_lambda-bar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Capital_lambda-bar.svg/400px-Capital_lambda-bar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Unicode_0x019B.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Small letter barred lambda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Unicode_0x019B.svg/200px-Unicode_0x019B.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Unicode_0x019B.svg/300px-Unicode_0x019B.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Unicode_0x019B.svg/400px-Unicode_0x019B.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Cased forms of the barred lambda. The capital was assigned to Unicode in 2024.</div></div></div></div> <p>It was first used in a phonetics context in <i><a href="/wiki/American_Anthropologist" title="American Anthropologist">American Anthropologist</a></i> in 1934: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><a href="/wiki/%CE%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="Λ">λ</a> for [<i>dl</i>] has been used in Eskimo by Jenness ... ƛ for [<i>tł</i>] is an innovation formed from λ as <i><a href="/wiki/%C5%81" title="Ł">ł</a></i> from <i>l</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>It is also used for the affricate [t͡ɬ] in transcribing the <a href="/wiki/Sahaptin_language" title="Sahaptin language">Sahaptin language</a>, e.g., iƛúpna ‘he jumped’, and it is commonly used for the same purpose in several <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Caucasus" title="Languages of the Caucasus">languages of the Caucasus</a>. In addition, its counterpart with a combining comma above right (U+0315), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barred_lambda_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barred lambda with comma (page does not exist)">ƛ̓</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%9B%CC%93" class="extiw" title="fr:ƛ̓">fr</a>]</span>, is used for many of the Salish languages, such as <a href="/wiki/Klallam_language" title="Klallam language">Klallam</a>, for an ejective lateral affricate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Encodings">Encodings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barred_lambda&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Encodings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable template-charmap" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Character information </caption> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center"> <th scope="row">Preview</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">Ƛ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ƛ </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1061632564">.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child{height:50px}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]{height:100%}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div{height:100%;display:flex;justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div>div{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding:0 0.5em}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div>div>span:nth-child(2){margin:auto;padding:10px 0;font-size:150%;line-height:1}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap .smallcaps-cm{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap td:first-child{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap .template-charmap-numchr td:nth-child(n/**/+2){font-size:90%;padding:2px}</style>Unicode name </th> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">LATIN CAPITAL LETTER LAMBDA WITH STROKE </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">LATIN SMALL LETTER LAMBDA WITH STROKE </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Encodings</th> <th>decimal</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></td> <td>42972</td> <td>U+A7DC</td> <td>411</td> <td>U+019B </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8">UTF-8</a></td> <td>234 159 156</td> <td>EA 9F 9C</td> <td>198 155</td> <td>C6 9B </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Numeric_character_reference" title="Numeric character reference">Numeric character reference</a></td> <td>&#42972;<wbr /></td> <td>&#xA7DC;<wbr /></td> <td>&#411;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x19B;<wbr /> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barred_lambda&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHumchittJacqueryeKing2023" class="citation web cs1">Humchitt, Robyn; Jacquerye, Denis; King, Kevin (2023-07-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2023/23191-three-latin-additions.pdf">"L2/23-191: Proposal to Encode 3 Additional Latin Characters for Wakashan and Salishan Languages to the Unicode Standard"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L2%2F23-191%3A+Proposal+to+Encode+3+Additional+Latin+Characters+for+Wakashan+and+Salishan+Languages+to+the+Unicode+Standard&rft.date=2023-07-17&rft.aulast=Humchitt&rft.aufirst=Robyn&rft.au=Jacquerye%2C+Denis&rft.au=King%2C+Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2023%2F23191-three-latin-additions.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABarred+lambda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.tulaliplushootseed.com/alphabet.htm">[1]</a> (strictly speaking, this refers to the <a href="/wiki/Glottalized" class="mw-redirect" title="Glottalized">glottalized</a> version, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Alveolar_lateral_ejective_affricate" title="Alveolar lateral ejective affricate">t͡ɬʼ</a>]</span>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerzog,_GeorgeNewman,_Stanley_S.Sapir,_EdwardSwadesh,_Mary_Haas1934" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Herzog" title="George Herzog">Herzog, George</a>; Newman, Stanley S.; <a href="/wiki/Edward_Sapir" title="Edward Sapir">Sapir, Edward</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mary_Haas" title="Mary Haas">Swadesh, Mary Haas</a>; <a href="/wiki/Morris_Swadesh" title="Morris Swadesh">Swadesh, Morris</a>; <a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Voegelin" title="Charles F. Voegelin">Voegelin, Charles F.</a> (Oct–Dec 1934). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Faa.1934.36.4.02a00300">"Some orthographic recommendations"</a>. <i>American Anthropologist</i>. <b>36</b> (4): 629–631. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Faa.1934.36.4.02a00300">10.1525/aa.1934.36.4.02a00300</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Anthropologist&rft.atitle=Some+orthographic+recommendations&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=629-631&rft.date=1934-10%2F1934-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Faa.1934.36.4.02a00300&rft.au=Herzog%2C+George&rft.au=Newman%2C+Stanley+S.&rft.au=Sapir%2C+Edward&rft.au=Swadesh%2C+Mary+Haas&rft.au=Swadesh%2C+Morris&rft.au=Voegelin%2C+Charles+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1525%252Faa.1934.36.4.02a00300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABarred+lambda" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Latin_script" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Latin_script/main" title="Template:Latin script/main"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Latin_script/main" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Latin script/main"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Latin_script/main" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Latin script/main"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Latin_script" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin script</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Latin_script" title="History of the Latin script">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spread_of_the_Latin_script" title="Spread of the Latin script">Spread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanization" title="Romanization">Romanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligature_(writing)#Latin_alphabet" title="Ligature (writing)">Ligatures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin-script_alphabet" title="Latin-script alphabet">Alphabets</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_alphabets" title="List of Latin-script alphabets">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Latin_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Latin alphabet">Classical Latin alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic Latin alphabet</a></li> <li>Phonetic alphabets <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-SAMPA" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spelling_alphabet" title="Spelling alphabet">Spelling alphabet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Letters (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_letters" title="List of Latin-script letters">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <table style="margin: 0 -0.25em; width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Letters of the <a href="/wiki/ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic Latin alphabet</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/A" title="A">Aa</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/B" title="B">Bb</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/C" title="C">Cc</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/D" title="D">Dd</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/E" title="E">Ee</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/F" title="F">Ff</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/G" title="G">Gg</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/H" title="H">Hh</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/I" title="I">Ii</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/J" title="J">Jj</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/K" title="K">Kk</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/L" title="L">Ll</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/M" title="M">Mm </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/N" title="N">Nn</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/O" title="O">Oo</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/P" title="P">Pp</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Q" title="Q">Qq</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/R" title="R">Rr</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/S" title="S">Ss</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/T" title="T">Tt</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/U" title="U">Uu</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/V" title="V">Vv</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/W" title="W">Ww</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/X" title="X">Xx</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Y" title="Y">Yy</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Z" title="Z">Zz </a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Letter L with <a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">diacritics</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Ĺ">Ĺĺ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C4%BD" title="Ľ">Ľľ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C4%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ļ">Ļļ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%B6" title="Ḷ">Ḷḷ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%B8" title="Ḹ">Ḹḹ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%CC%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L̃ (page does not exist)">L̃l̃</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Ḽ">Ḽḽ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ḻ">Ḻḻ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C5%81" title="Ł">Łł</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C4%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="Ŀ">Ŀŀ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/L_with_bar" title="L with bar">Ƚƚ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9D%88" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꝉ">Ꝉꝉ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E2%B1%A0" title="Ⱡ">Ⱡⱡ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E2%B1%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɫ">Ɫɫ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9E%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɬ">Ɬɬ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/Turned_L" title="Turned L">Ꞁꞁ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9E%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="ꞎ">ꞎ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%9D%BC%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𝼓 (page does not exist)">𝼓</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%AC%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="ꬷ">ꬷ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%AC%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="ꬸ">ꬸ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%AC%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="ꬹ">ꬹ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E1%B6%85" class="mw-redirect" title="ᶅ">ᶅ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C9%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="ɭ">ɭ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C8%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="ȴ">ȴ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%9D%BC%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𝼑 (page does not exist)">𝼑</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%9D%BC%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𝼦 (page does not exist)">𝼦</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Letters using <a href="/wiki/Bar_(diacritic)" title="Bar (diacritic)">bar or stroke</a> sign (<span style="font-weight:100; font-size:125%;"> ◌̵ ,◌̶, ◌̷, ◌̸ </span>)</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C8%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ⱥ">Ⱥⱥ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C9%83" title="Ƀ">Ƀƀ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/C_with_bar" title="C with bar">Ꞓꞓ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C8%BB" title="Ȼ">Ȼȼ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/D_with_stroke" title="D with stroke">Đđ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/African_D" title="African D">Ɖɖ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/Tau_gallicum" title="Tau gallicum">Ꟈꟈ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/E_with_stroke" title="E with stroke">Ɇɇ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%AC%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="ꬳ">ꬳ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9E%98" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꞙ">Ꞙꞙ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9E%A0" title="Ꞡ">Ꞡꞡ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/G_with_stroke" title="G with stroke">Ǥǥ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/H_with_stroke" title="H with stroke">Ħħ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C6%97" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɨ">Ɨ ɨ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%9D%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𝼚 (page does not exist)">𝼚 </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/J_with_stroke" title="J with stroke">Ɉɉ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9D%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꝃ">Ꝃꝃ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9E%A2" title="Ꞣ">Ꞣꞣ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/K_with_stroke" title="K with stroke">Ꝁꝁ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/K_with_stroke_and_diagonal_stroke" title="K with stroke and diagonal stroke">Ꝅꝅ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/L_with_bar" title="L with bar">Ƚƚ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E2%B1%A0" title="Ⱡ">Ⱡⱡ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9D%88" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꝉ">Ꝉꝉ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C5%81" title="Ł">Łłᴌ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9E%A4" title="Ꞥ">Ꞥꞥ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C6%9F" title="Ɵ">Ɵɵ </a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9D%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꝋ">Ꝋꝋ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C3%98" title="Ø">Øø </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/P_with_stroke" title="P with stroke">Ᵽᵽ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9D%90" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꝑ">Ꝑꝑ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9D%98" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꝙ">Ꝙꝙ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/Q_with_stroke" title="Q with stroke">Ꝗꝗ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9E%A6" title="Ꞧ">Ꞧꞧ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/R_with_stroke" title="R with stroke">Ɍɍ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9E%A8" title="Ꞩ">Ꞩꞩ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%9F%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ꟊ (page does not exist)">Ꟊꟊ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C8%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="Ⱦ">Ⱦⱦ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/T_with_stroke" title="T with stroke">Ŧŧ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/U_bar" class="mw-redirect" title="U bar">Ʉʉ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9E%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꞹ">Ꞹꞹ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9D%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꝟ">Ꝟꝟ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/Y_with_stroke" title="Y with stroke">Ɏɏ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/Z_with_stroke" title="Z with stroke">Ƶƶ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin-script_multigraph" title="Latin-script multigraph">Multigraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_digraphs" title="List of Latin-script digraphs">Digraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch_(digraph)" title="Ch (digraph)">Ch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dz_(digraph)" title="Dz (digraph)">Dz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BE" title="Dž">Dž</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gh_(digraph)" title="Gh (digraph)">Gh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IJ_(digraph)" title="IJ (digraph)">IJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lj_(digraph)" title="Lj (digraph)">Lj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ll" title="Ll">Ll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_ly" title="Hungarian ly">Ly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nh_(digraph)" title="Nh (digraph)">Nh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nj_(digraph)" title="Nj (digraph)">Nj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ny_(digraph)" title="Ny (digraph)">Ny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh_(digraph)" title="Sh (digraph)">Sh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sz_(digraph)" title="Sz (digraph)">Sz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th_(digraph)" title="Th (digraph)">Th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_trigraphs" title="List of Latin-script trigraphs">Trigraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_dzs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian dzs">dzs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau_(trigraph)" title="Eau (trigraph)">eau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_tetragraphs" title="List of Latin-script tetragraphs">Tetragraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ough_(orthography)" title="Ough (orthography)">ough</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_pentagraphs" title="List of Latin-script pentagraphs">Pentagraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Tzsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzsch">tzsch</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Keyboard layouts (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_keyboard_layouts" title="List of Latin-script keyboard layouts">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QWERTY" title="QWERTY">QWERTY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QWERTZ" title="QWERTZ">QWERTZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AZERTY" title="AZERTY">AZERTY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvorak_keyboard_layout" title="Dvorak keyboard layout">Dvorak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colemak" title="Colemak">Colemak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%89PO" title="BÉPO">BÉPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo_(keyboard_layout)" title="Neo (keyboard layout)">Neo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_646" title="ISO/IEC 646">ISO/IEC 646</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Latin_character_sets_(computing)" title="Western Latin character sets (computing)">Western Latin character sets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_script_in_Unicode" title="Latin script in Unicode">Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIN_91379" title="DIN 91379">DIN 91379: Unicode subset for Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_precomposed_Latin_characters_in_Unicode" title="List of precomposed Latin characters in Unicode">Precomposed Latin characters in Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_letters_used_in_mathematics" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin letters used in mathematics">Letters used in mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_typographical_symbols_and_punctuation_marks" title="List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks">List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">Diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaeography" title="Palaeography">Palaeography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr 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