CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91356617aec540f1',cH: 'TJOZZRdLFi0YR6TnU51qQkqVpZnsetytvpIqt327aYI-1739791338-1.2.1.1-UC_MyAGMAvQu2vf.kIoaE6bwTlXhOpc3XpboLrJrLXCQTyMG3XpAtC1FlvP9C6_A',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Serdal%20Pamuk&__cf_chl_tk=EaaJGr6NkT5ZtQDnWikCzENtcUf40ci9mlLGuN0Bg8w-1739791338-1.0.1.1-u3OoqGdqxZSgr4VNgErkQ5KYQzSMNwFsS1PkzT8qLUI",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739791338',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Serdal%20Pamuk&__cf_chl_f_tk=EaaJGr6NkT5ZtQDnWikCzENtcUf40ci9mlLGuN0Bg8w-1739791338-1.0.1.1-u3OoqGdqxZSgr4VNgErkQ5KYQzSMNwFsS1PkzT8qLUI",md: "kFlNxb5awr1pToDpXgSMMG2TDXEzPtLQ8i1HAvR.epo-1739791338-1.2.1.1-Lf4u.Q8cmhSt.iIfVC15v.0Yf24IKDqHvN59GnBtaTwa0qjlPP84NeIHfPFsG2V_QHgebMeBucDTPlrzigTWZ_S2CxQq.fnj0Bw67mT7TNKHzT_UdEa955Rtp_1NzmJIV_pXOk_7JhDYZ82vYjnw7wvtxVWbfqrIQdtp3Vx.fsOiwTdckdQ3Y.xGautDSmk3B49z8Q_zVdV_kF0GoFsGnUthL_iuS.OXRp4iK86gbvwQ5Wt8l3bkzpZ9wM_dQdM45kyJ.RLvlqBxV_2GTPk2HCLUZKSntlKz9MWj0ZJlcMnkpYu43GiYdlC_.QqBL75WOaPw7rfNqGoVPhhXamQOMZAHCCAufDbGAU4gLW_VXxgq3RGyaVL.v_Y3uKZi5l144s1ktNmPY0Rmj89ReCXqQrLxGODMHznUbLTyc.4nKmelFzFfVoSAYFJ8bwYmNHzcM3RyNcOQkf0YjQNS8Uy9PvQJ5FJoMdjbA3X48ID3kSpbm1LrAoJOQfmjZkKijlK4iPOmXDV1DqsLYB3oUbGESdlc.A0jMZJS33SuD8fGkcD9kvWOnQtYD86CwjUFzAGL.CcdzVtofxGzjOXPf3nvzx4gLQ4ubsnp1UQXPIEwO6K07NuVzTnthcfW51WD7EDx77hat96j_W46XCcVVFLQHLA76Rc9qu2ua5bmx8N6JfNn3mX2h_Ii0kBlu.9Z.3sguKd1s0Hwt.gU0gucNiMsjKqAUVMkNR7gPB6b2E3AFmASbxqayG0_CFp4wlyuipyYgSqreYItvMMZOn2Vai9E9RLrfd11ACoLJdJubsGUPiHLbhG3pRym3lzRUzCzTtWRa072vr6IyUifn.hPzQK8N1uolriGi9BEvLH6sIPQgKRmlS0X.7xjfujdBQZw.vzd6Dgf0WZfZTY8znLKtq7WxM.62B0zIKRaAMr3BMG475qTSd1EZGiZfXIG02_rohKev34X4rKrSrBwG9LqHdkIUFcPF0A86fZ_S8E3lGnNwEqhgDaXOjSDHK55IvWhmMvpYA.etAmsu9iSa4KI_G1Q6s9G8sovVtabbEqpHqqmHYZrypT2xaFcq_7cVYeVZkOvemRz4eDFROPGH0krnCdDACDMsfPxtSqMZ_xVHwoW64aUjAKn1qq0iqCr.jZ0oclj1oiafS1z_EfzyWOIwSZIBBA4THc0FWvbQwGuQ1vrEwzTyWltJiXkSjw4jE6VJd3PyxsgGmMVTL2.fsIGQkTIN4Wi_rEyowURD1Q6_imVHBpl.dNXna_driyFnIQjsfov8faMJeB.B723U_dgvp9XVfkgL7Mft27O_o6fzgstHLXlIS4ONoQD5MY4SPt8b_hF4CiFFR99mRm9LCkpA2HXGwtbLdo5uZUjiXR4CfQ6IKXdWGJr5st2UoCMRf9cBz5TIQAKO.oiVvp1WPpsbNF2msoYb9Lws7PqfiF7damLhy3qJmvq5SDLRg2wDLzIHVS8KPb_CY3XGq68pjaXvgCN.K3TGJoQ87X62iZaZrUKjDkplloKBSrBNq.fxSZLXQ8hnodklp90qJRibQ.ZfbeXqVR2qzTUXQEjMNF5PJQl8bYmElA0qn4K.FNpabSufl7e4KfcpOecdSv5M1sDfrwKA3XvYNBNMWQMjrLWX5cAdMq6vGbTqbqc1dJdE8nHtydW0l_eNheYw64rO.4UkUAYTPt_GgohZYbXn.FkZxmD3iNem_jmO2NY7APfTG7e0BfrXgOCTpPUJvMBvx84.IxIJeoDNqMiSGSYKnwTIsulfXYwP0ozlvDHb90cvJiKZYo0D_6ue2r3Gnya6XY4CwjcNs_0TiPyQpZ0BJJNKGcHfSB40DXWwmX7M05N6TAI6KCM0sloR3sv.KGvrI7VPItR3D8DqBuSP8YIUn1wWt5PLMLS4XlbtphYrsohnlDQBRCN7pqCAUyP4r4rBIF6Jx3NJnh6A8euoLB1pEy0B5VKB8A",mdrd: "XFFjdnPq8PmT3jRZ2fp7qTCJyiGpclXdQO3qzz3rR5o-1739791338-1.2.1.1-FErti6DAK_x8PO76CJXQn7WUC7CSK0C1NkCq8tYXqe9KHFLN4AefQJKrG8.2T5v0FNjsctf5u23B5MqsMmNAlKtCGamOhx9izmrBlJQW9i_l3jNbkX9WLO7o._CqQqxyAWbYsM8AGWoRmEc0qVJXM9q6HgBNPaTf8ucWBqzAyGqfBylzgVKWuaSXVEY.nXdjWm9PzFVEALTNwftwnCQreOutzdRkkvEX4mTreoMkzZEM0Fhpv4NddcRlDJTe4aMs2YNxXrKjieUqP7PnQ0V6tChjTMyHYPGzA_Jod57RwiXhSbb2cAeQJIEXHDwfT_iRJre1VkeEamrNTT9VXjQC13Co2EV03Ho5RbiTiXJMfp12pX9Cu6NHhH_KcFqzwO3GmIHvlW_1kMr7OGd7cLxK9MxBUqp0fCnlVSgkbxEZNbly.WXO1RuJeA_xMWQcG1vAc8Xka61I4S1RzGONXva8iqzj0nyh2gxW3jW.O7fs0ncBsmIwi.jc0y41QckRnzwgsMFb.CjHLBiN7m130s2sw5K5gX0O.FXXrHWm4y59Cq5QvU9.glNBwWKvqreqpXiIigokXBFgPGHwGqR3iabqWWJCApoc.no2i.HZRe0OnN0dtYcgLNZai5qb3swGu9Ws5A_4p3evRzZSzd3DTggxvElMJDCOPfeQkKCIuS958Gpe03.vHfMJkOZoD7GdtNH0LumFQd3DqCkNL2Jk_mXTZGOscXlonRLVcTZoAKX0Vn_2wWQWmwz4Ltogq4xVNneaQ9u1JlP2jezPu9kDtfvhVCQ9Mbt9ixRyUlYotL2pXW1IJ1C2SLgPkW6tc_bHXMMGbF6kEjm8hqoVOTehXtVTfa1O7_Kz9mkX20VDXs6sHrutvzxmRH6LdBrrfATQBPo_cdZYuMEdi6Hbwc9u1Z60LL_csz1JEHYMEW5h0915wSf.wz.AF5mxpwi.UowvaLyNNn4rwaPc8lACd.N4vK_Er2cI8PW20BpKgnhsboUrFrOpXj7GgXOUdSNhyGYWyeBRYh4McEuVNutqvWNquSO4s.x4wPg6mwCOtbjZSQDQzPAlIY9QlmMi95xR3.pizBo7TQuhv8zwu16Xy9ol.7LiLOaOMZgJ2lOscfhFngzjSaofr9KOIFNv4KSOyHdwjR33VGf6bWp5Cg7AyghJfl7reGtuqD8vYIF_2ypEksPM1C.wjhV_TDa7v41h51aAWdvrBkJ7U1g4.tuyu.Eilztz7MvVLBsIR2m3XcrJoCy8H4Kn5c5YU6UrpUSFtWsLZuaRJ97oGXRJiRwTkWFbSYY2CBMdiOsnGoSQJrYgYyHwVTwEpnpzbt_00RwqTSZcyfbBKK4.Ih9ZQTPYteSjdEVA3.dwQHosrcXvIPFcK9LuHkv.g_8S2TC3DnZ0ZqiX7e6X16meRN1jF982wxjplRqNulaEHFjsxUImcrSA.Zxqu0WXvPzqu_Tkn8YxuiMplCH.CGPsoqYYozzv3uRP8R7_2QxzYRRmm92AHOfN5CLXE3ZHLzQWe9sTWyVwi1YEzc0I1kFCLvEyBd_QhnMIIE2HfJcZG0icjl885TgwVqa91qZJn_q8kWDNsBHnq705Ehg00txgYC._X.DS92yPcWaMf0bFHqtscNdq5LDZxfvh93P4tvUtABEGlZV4eRo.JV1QdKXcozw4T1j3xTQeShzsOZwJ0TeXBHPgUB_QsJnkYOutg2DofQ1p9RSp1wm7OnGjaMgtoeOiKU3lC6eDoIQ0J_.mzdIsMTznZE9n.qvRs4jTjV452uC4yQhXXIIK0PqlXfG5Ua6F5Tbz50a_6rDp791dxRnxXCFxswRVmKLjh2mUrmDBuEUJl3xGWQc5Y50K2iR8UlVEJ7TzU2BWNd85r9g8Wz5vAvsidw5AUORtAkkFJZr83Y_yYuidNyK_ImcPx0dzp3m9M9ZVm5buly4W3colerZGkJPucJKybU9PeBrTp3MGR2JF7li8i7pjt02L"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91356617aec540f1';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Serdal%20Pamuk&__cf_chl_rt_tk=EaaJGr6NkT5ZtQDnWikCzENtcUf40ci9mlLGuN0Bg8w-1739791338-1.0.1.1-u3OoqGdqxZSgr4VNgErkQ5KYQzSMNwFsS1PkzT8qLUI" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>