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user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_xmf.wikipedia.org&uselang=xmf" class=""><span>აზარა</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ჩქი გიზალუთ, გონწყათ ანგარიში დო გენშართათ სისტემაშა; მარა თენა ვა რე უციო" class=""><span>ანგარიშიშ გონწყუმა</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ჯგირ იჸი გემშურთუ–და, მარა თენა ვა რე უციო [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>მიშულა</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="უმოსი პარამეტრი" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="პერსონალური ხეჭკუდეფი" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">პერსონალური ხეჭკუდეფი</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="მახვარებუშ მენიუ" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_xmf.wikipedia.org&uselang=xmf"><span>აზარა</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>ავტორი</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ჩქი გიზალუთ, გონწყათ ანგარიში დო გენშართათ სისტემაშა; მარა თენა ვა რე უციო"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ანგარიშიშ გონწყუმა</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ჯგირ იჸი გემშურთუ–და, მარა თენა ვა რე უციო [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>მიშულა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ხასჷლეფი სისტემაშე გიშულირი რედაქტორეფიშო <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90:%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%AD%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A3" aria-label="ქიგეგით უმოსი რედაქტირაფაშ გეშა"><span>ქიგეგით უმოსი</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="ჩქიმი IP-იშ სხუნუაშ ხასჷლა [n]" accesskey="n"><span>სხუნუა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eდამალვა\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"xmf\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003Eქაკათით მარგალურ ვიკიპედიას \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http://www.facebook.com/xmfwikipedia?fref=ts\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Facebook_icon.svg/14px-Facebook_icon.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" 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class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">გიშაგორალი</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">გინოღალა ელახიან ღოზიშა</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ტყობინაფა</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">დაჭყაფუ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-რესურსეფი_ინტერნეტის" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#რესურსეფი_ინტერნეტის"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>რესურსეფი ინტერნეტის</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-რესურსეფი_ინტერნეტის-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="გიშაგორალი" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="გიშაგორალიშ ტყობინაფა/ძირაფა" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">გიშაგორალიშ ტყობინაფა/ძირაფა</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">კოსტრომა</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="შხვანინამ სტატიაშა გინულა. ხემიოლუ რე 84 ნინაშა" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">84 ნინა</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – აფრიკაანსი" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="აფრიკაანსი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="كوستروما – არაბული" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوستروما" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="არაბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostrom%C3%A1" title="Kostromá – ასტურიული" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kostromá" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ასტურიული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – აზერბაიჯანული" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="აზერბაიჯანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="کوستروما – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کوستروما" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – ბაშკირული" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="ბაშკირული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кастрама – ბელარუსული" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кастрама" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ბელარუსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кастрама – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кастрама" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – ბულგარული" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ბულგარული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostrom%C3%A0" title="Kostromà – კატალანური" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kostromà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="კატალანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – ჩეჩნური" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="ჩეჩნური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="Kostroma (kapital sa lalawigan) – სებუანო" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kostroma (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="სებუანო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ყირიმულ-თურქული" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="ყირიმულ-თურქული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ჩეხური" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ჩეხური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – ჩუვაშური" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ჩუვაშური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – უელსური" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="უელსური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma_(by)" title="Kostroma (by) – დანიური" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kostroma (by)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="დანიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – გერმანული" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="გერმანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AC" title="Κοστρομά – ბერძნული" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κοστρομά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ბერძნული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ინგლისური" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ინგლისური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ესპერანტო" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ესპერანტო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostrom%C3%A1" title="Kostromá – ესპანური" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kostromá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ესპანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ესტონური" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ესტონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ბასკური" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ბასკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="کوستروما – სპარსული" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوستروما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="სპარსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ფინური" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ფინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ფრანგული" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ფრანგული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma_(Steed)" title="Kostroma (Steed) – ჩრდილოფრიზიული" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kostroma (Steed)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ჩრდილოფრიზიული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – დასავლეთფრიზიული" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="დასავლეთფრიზიული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%94" title="קוסטרומה – ებრაული" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קוסטרומה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ებრაული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ზემოსორბული" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="ზემოსორბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosztroma" title="Kosztroma – უნგრული" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kosztroma" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="უნგრული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A1" title="Կոստրոմա – სომხური" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոստրոմա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="სომხური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ინდონეზიური" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ინდონეზიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – იდო" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="იდო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma_(citt%C3%A0)" title="Kostroma (città) – იტალიური" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kostroma (città)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="იტალიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%9E" title="コストロマ – იაპონური" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コストロマ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="იაპონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="კოსტრომა – ქართული" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კოსტრომა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ქართული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88" title="코스트로마 – კორეული" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="코스트로마" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="კორეული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – ყირგიზული" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="ყირგიზული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costroma" title="Costroma – ლათინური" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Costroma" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ლათინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ლუქსემბურგული" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="ლუქსემბურგული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ლიეტუვური" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ლიეტუვური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ლატვიური" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ლატვიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – მოქშა" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="მოქშა" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – მაკედონური" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="მაკედონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – მონღოლური" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="მონღოლური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Кострома ош – ერზია" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Кострома ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="ერზია" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma_(stad)" title="Kostroma (stad) – ნიდერლანდური" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kostroma (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ნიდერლანდური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ნორვეგიული ნიუნორსკი" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ნორვეგიული ნიუნორსკი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ნორვეგიული ბუკმოლი" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ნორვეგიული ბუკმოლი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – ოსური" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ოსური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma_(miasto)" title="Kostroma (miasto) – პოლონური" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kostroma (miasto)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="პოლონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%BC%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="کوسټروما – პუშტუ" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کوسټروما" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="პუშტუ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costroma" title="Costroma – პორტუგალიური" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Costroma" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="პორტუგალიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – რუმინული" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="რუმინული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – რუსული" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="რუსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – სლოვაკური" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="სლოვაკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – სლოვენური" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="სლოვენური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ინარი-საამური" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="ინარი-საამური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – სერბული" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="სერბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – შვედური" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="შვედური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – სუაჰილი" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="სუაჰილი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma_(mjasto)" title="Kostroma (mjasto) – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kostroma (mjasto)" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – ტაჯიკური" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ტაჯიკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2" title="คอสโตรมา – ტაილანდური" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คอสโตรมา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ტაილანდური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – თურქული" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="თურქული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – თათრული" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="თათრული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – უდმურტული" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="უდმურტული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кострома – უკრაინული" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кострома" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="უკრაინული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="کوستروما – ურდუ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کوستروما" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ურდუ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma_(shahar)" title="Kostroma (shahar) – უზბეკური" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kostroma (shahar)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="უზბეკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostrom" title="Kostrom – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kostrom" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ვიეტნამური" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ვიეტნამური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – ვარაი" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ვარაი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC" title="科斯特罗马 – ვუ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="科斯特罗马" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ვუ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC" title="科斯特羅馬 – ჩინური" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="科斯特羅馬" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ჩინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kostroma" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC" title="科斯特羅馬 – კანტონური" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="科斯特羅馬" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="კანტონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2592#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ნინეფოშქაშე რსხილეფიშ რედაქტირაფა" class="wbc-editpage">რსხილეფიშ რედაქტირაფა</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ჯოხოეფიშ ოფირჩა"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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mw-parser-output" lang="xmf" dir="ltr"><div style="position:absolute; z-index:100; right:5px; top:-35px;" id="featured-star"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/xmfwikipedia" rel="nofollow"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Facebook_Light_Logo.jpg/14px-Facebook_Light_Logo.jpg" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Facebook_Light_Logo.jpg/21px-Facebook_Light_Logo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Facebook_Light_Logo.jpg/28px-Facebook_Light_Logo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="280" /></a></span></div> <table class="infobox vcard" style="padding:0;background:#fafafa;border:1px solid #bbb;width:300px;text-align:center;font-size:11px"> <tbody><tr> <td>ნოღა <div style="border:solid #bbb; border-width:1px 0;width:100%;background:#d52b1e;font-weight:800"><span class="fn org" style="font-size:120%">კოსტრომა</span><br /><span class="nickname"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="რუსული ნინა">რუს</a>. <span lang="ru">Кострома</span></span></div> <table style="background:inherit;width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Watchtower_Kostroma.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="კოსტრომაშ ოჯინუ"><img alt="კოსტრომაშ ოჯინუ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Watchtower_Kostroma.jpg/300px-Watchtower_Kostroma.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Watchtower_Kostroma.jpg/450px-Watchtower_Kostroma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Watchtower_Kostroma.jpg/600px-Watchtower_Kostroma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>კოსტრომაშ ოჯინუ</figcaption></figure>კოსტრომაშ ოჯინუ </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="background:inherit;width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f0f0f0;font-weight:bold">შილა </td> <td style="background:#f0f0f0;font-weight:bold">გერბი </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Flag_of_Kostroma_(Kostroma_Oblast).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="შილა"><img alt="შილა" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Kostroma_%28Kostroma_Oblast%29.svg/160px-Flag_of_Kostroma_%28Kostroma_Oblast%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Kostroma_%28Kostroma_Oblast%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_Kostroma_%28Kostroma_Oblast%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Kostroma_%28Kostroma_Oblast%29.svg/320px-Flag_of_Kostroma_%28Kostroma_Oblast%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Coat_of_Arms_of_Kostroma.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="გერბი"><img alt="გერბი" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coat_of_Arms_of_Kostroma.svg/90px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Kostroma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coat_of_Arms_of_Kostroma.svg/135px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Kostroma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coat_of_Arms_of_Kostroma.svg/180px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Kostroma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="756" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="background:inherit;width:100%" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ქიანა">ქიანა</a></td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="რუსეთიშ შილა"><img alt="რუსეთიშ შილა" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a 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style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="გეოგრაფიული კოორდინატეფი">კოორდ.</a></td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="plainlinks"><span style="display:none" class="geo"><span class="latitude">57.766667</span>,<span class="longitude">40.933333</span></span><span class="coordinates plainlinksneverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?language=xmf&pagename=%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90&params=57.766666676667_N_40.933333343333_E_type:city(40361)_region:_scale:100000"><span class="geo-geo-dms" title="შხვადოშხვა რუკეფი დო სქემეფი თე აბანშო"><span class="geo-dms"><span class="geo-lat">57°46′00″ ოორ. გ.</span> <span class="geo-lon">40°56′00″ ელ. გ.</span></span></span></a></span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" class="mw-redirect" title="ნოღაშ მერი">მერი</a></td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em">იური ჟურინი </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap">დირსხუ</td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em">1152 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap">მაართა შინუა</td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/1213" title="1213">1213</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ფართობი">ფართობი</a></td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em">144,5 <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="კვადრატული კილომეტრი">კმ²</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="ზუღაშ დონე">ცენტრიშ სიმაღალა</a></td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em">110 <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="მეტრა">მ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="კლიმატი">კლიმატიშ ტიპი</a></td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%96%E1%83%B7%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ზჷმიერი კლიმატი">ზჷმიერი კლიმატი</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap">ოფიციალური ნინა</td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="რუსული ნინა">რუსული</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap">მახორობა</td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Decrease2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/10px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/15px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> 277 280 კოჩი (<a href="/wiki/2018" title="2018">2018</a>)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap">მეჭედალა</td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em">1910,48 კოჩი/კმ² </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap">ერუანული<br />აკოდგინალუა</td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="რუსეფი">რუსეფი</a> (96%) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ეთნოქორონიმი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">ეთნოქორონიმი</a></td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em">კოსტრომალეფი, კოსტრომალი </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="ოსაათე ორტყაფუ">ბორჯიშ ორტყაფუ</a></td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap">ტელ. კოდი</td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em">+7 4942 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ოფოსტე ინდექსი">ოფოსტე ინდექსი</a></td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em">156XXX </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap">ოფიციალური ვებ-ხასჷლა</td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gradkostroma.ru">www.gradkostroma.ru</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d52b1e;width:50%;text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;white-space:nowrap">ჯილდო</td> <td style="width:50%;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%B7%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="გჷმათუთაშ რევოლუციაშ ორდენი"><img alt="გჷმათუთაშ რევოლუციაშ ორდენი" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Order_of_the_October_Revolution.svg/45px-Order_of_the_October_Revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Order_of_the_October_Revolution.svg/68px-Order_of_the_October_Revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Order_of_the_October_Revolution.svg/90px-Order_of_the_October_Revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="333" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table align="center" style="background-color:inherit;width:300px"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="location-map" style="width:310px;border:none;margin:0 auto"><div class=""><div class="thumbimage" style="width:300px;position:relative;border:none"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Russia_edcp_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="კოსტრომა ორენი რუსეთი"><img alt="კოსტრომა ორენი რუსეთი" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Russia_edcp_location_map.svg/300px-Russia_edcp_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Russia_edcp_location_map.svg/450px-Russia_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Russia_edcp_location_map.svg/600px-Russia_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="637" /></a></span> </p> <div style="font-size:88%;line-height:1.2em;position:absolute;z-index:2;left:15.130101768352%;top:39.558442511039%"><div style="position:relative;float:left;left:-6px;top:-6px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Locator_Dot2.gif/12px-Locator_Dot2.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Locator_Dot2.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></span></span></div><div style="position:absolute;width:156px;top:-0.5em;text-align:left;left:8px"><span style="background:;padding:0 2px">კოსტრომა</span></div></div></div></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="plainlinks metadata" style="border:solid #ddd;border-width:1px 0px 0px 0px;width:100%;background:#F0F0F0"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kostroma?uselang=xmf">კოსტრომა</a></b> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AC%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94" title="ვიკიოწკარუე">ვიკიოწკარუეს</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>კოსტრომა</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="რუსული ნინა">რუს</a>. <span lang="ru">Кострома</span>) — <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A6%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="რუსეთიშ ნოღეფიშ ერკებული">ნოღა</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="რუსეთი">რუსეთის</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98" title="კოსტრომაშ ოლქი">კოსტრომაშ ოლქიშ</a> ადმინისტრაციული ცენტრი. ნოღა <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="ზუღაშ დონე">ზუღაშ დონეშე</a> 110 მეტრიშ სიმაღალას იდვალუაფჷ, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3" title="წყარმალუ">წყარმალუ</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%90" title="ვოლგა">ვოლგაშ</a> ჟირხოლო წყარპიჯის, ნოღა <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="მოსკოვი">მოსკოვიშე</a> 344 კილომეტრიშ მეძენას. <a href="/wiki/2018" title="2018">2018</a> წანაშ ფასებაშ მეჯინათ, ნოღას 277 280 ადამიერი ოხორანდჷ. ნოღაშ ფართობი — 144,5 კმ². ნოღა კოსტრომაშ მახორობაშ უმენტაშობა <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="რუსეფი">რუსი</a> რე. </p><p>ნოღა კოსტრომაქ <a href="/wiki/XII_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="XII ოშწანურა">XII ოშწანურას</a> დირსხჷ, <a href="/wiki/XIII_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="XIII ოშწანურა">XIII ოშწანურას</a> — კოსტრომაშ სათაროშ ცენტრო გჷნირთჷ. ნოღა მაართაშე მიშინუაფჷ <a href="/wiki/1213" title="1213">1213</a> წანას. <a href="/wiki/XIII_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="XIII ოშწანურა">XIII ოშწანურაშე</a> დოჭყაფილი <a href="/wiki/XVII_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="XVII ოშწანურა">XVII ოშწანურაშ</a> დალიაშახ მიარეშა გიჩოლჷ დო გიხირჷ. <a href="/wiki/XIV_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="XIV ოშწანურა">XIV ოშწანურას</a>, მოსკოვიშ სახენწჷფოშ აკოდგინალუაშა მიშმეშჷ. <a href="/wiki/1719" title="1719">1719</a> წანაშე მოსკოვიშ გუბერნიაშ პროვინციული ნოღა რდჷ, <a href="/wiki/1778" title="1778">1778</a> წანაშე — ოგუბერნიე ნოღა. კოსტრომაშ დღათ რჩქვანელობურო ეიშანუაფჷ 13-14 მარაშინათუთას. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="რესურსეფი_ინტერნეტის"><span 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