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(IUCr) Nobel Prize winners
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<div class="clear"> <!-- Left sidebar hosts a navigation menu --> <!-- iucr indexable content starts here --> <div id="_layout_34Q" class="content three_quarter first"> <div id="content_div_3080"> <h1>Nobel Prize winners associated with crystallography</h1> <p>The Nobel Prize is an international award administered by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm, Sweden. It has been awarded every year since 1901 for achievements in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and for peace. Over the course of its history, many awards have been made for scientific achievements directly related to, or involving the use of, crystallographic methods and techniques.</p> <h5>2024 Chemistry</h5> <p><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/baker">D. Baker</a>, D. Hassabis and J. Jumper<br /> <em>For computational protein design, and for protein structure prediction</em></p> <h5>2021 Physiology or Medicine</h5> <p><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/julius">D. Julius</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/patapoutian">A. Patapoutian</a><br /> <em>For their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch</em></p> <h5>2020 Chemistry</h5> <p><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/doudna">J. A. Doudna</a> and E. Charpentier<br /> <em>For the development of a method for genome editing<br /></em></p> <h5>2016 Chemistry</h5> <p><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/j.-p.-sauvage">J.-P. Sauvage</a>, <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/stoddart">J. F. Stoddart</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/feringa">B. L. Feringa</a><br /> <em>For the design and synthesis of molecular machines<br /></em></p> <h5>2013 Chemistry</h5> <p><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/karplus">M. Karplus</a>, <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/m.-levitt">M. Levitt</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/a.-warshel">A. Warshel</a><br /> <em>For the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems<br /></em></p> <h5>2012 Chemistry</h5> <p><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/lefkowitz">R. J. Lefkowitz</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/kobilka">B. K. Kobilka</a><br /> <em>For studies of G-protein-coupled receptors</em></p> <h5>2011 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/shechtman">D. Shechtman</a><br /> <em>For the discovery of quasicrystals</em> <h5>2010 Physics</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/geim">A. Geim</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/novoselov">K. Novoselov</a><br /> <em>For groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene</em><br /> <h5>2009 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/ramakrishnan">V. Ramakrishnan</a>, <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/steitz">T. A. Steitz</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/yonath">A. E. Yonath</a><br /> <em>Studies of the structure and function of the ribosome</em> <h5>2006 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/kornberg">R. D. Kornberg</a><br /> <em>Studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription</em><br /> <h5>2003 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/agre">P. Agre</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/mackinnon">R. MacKinnon</a><br /> <em><span itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><em>Discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes</em></span></em><br /> <h5>1997 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/boyer">P. D. Boyer</a>, <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/walker">J. E. Walker</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/skou">J. C. Skou</a><br /> <em>Elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and discovery of an ion-transporting enzyme</em><br /> <h5>1996 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/rfcurljr">R.Curl</a>, <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/kroto">H. Kroto</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/smalley">R. Smalley</a><br /> <em>Discovery of the fullerene form of carbon</em><br /> <h5>1994 Physics</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/shull">C. Shull</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/brockhouse">N. Brockhouse</a><br /> <em>Neutron diffraction</em><br /> <h5>1992 Physics</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/charpak">G. Charpak</a><br /> <em>Discovery of the multi wire proportional chamber</em><br /> <h5>1991 Physics</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/degennes">P.-G. de Gennes</a><br /> <em>Methods of discovering order in simple systems can be applied to polymers and liquid crystals</em><br /> <h5>1988 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/deisenhofer">J. Deisenhofer</a>, <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/huber2">R. Huber</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/michel">H. Michel</a><br /> <em>For the determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre</em><br /> <h5>1985 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/hauptman">H. Hauptman</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/karle">J. Karle</a><br /> <em>Development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures</em><br /> <h5>1982 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/klug">A. Klug</a><br /> <em>Development of crystallographic electron microscopy and discovery of the structure of biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes</em><br /> <br /> <h5>1976 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/lipscomb">W. N. Lipscomb</a><br /> <em>Structure of boranes</em><br /> <h5>1972 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/anfinsen">C. B. Anfinsen</a><br /> <em>Folding of protein chains</em><br /> <h5>1964 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/hodgkin">D. Hodgkin</a><br /> <em>Structure of many biochemical substances including Vitamin B12</em><br /> <h5>1962 Physiology or Medicine</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/crick">F. Crick</a>, <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/watson">J. Watson</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/wilkins">M. Wilkins</a><br /> <em>The helical structure of DNA</em><br /> <h5>1962 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/kendrew">J. C. Kendrew</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/perutz">M. Perutz</a><br /> <em>For their studies of the structures of globular proteins</em><br /> <h5>1954 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/pauling">L. C. Pauling</a><br /> <em>For his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances</em><br /> <h5>1946 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/sumner">J. B. Sumner</a><br /> <em>For his discovery that enzymes can be crystallised</em><br /> <h5>1937 Physics</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/davisson">C. J. Davisson</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/thomson">G. Thomson</a><br /> <em>Diffraction of electrons by crystals</em><br /> <h5>1936 Chemistry</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/debye">P. J. W. Debye</a><br /> <em>For his contributions to our knowledge of molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases</em><br /> <h5>1929 Physics</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/debroglie">L.-V. de Broglie</a><br /> <em>The wave nature of the electron</em><br /> <h5>1927 Physics</h5> <p><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/compton">A. H. Compton</a></p> <p><em>For his discovery of the effect named after him</em></p> <p>and C. T. R. Wilson</p> <p><em>For his method of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by condensation of vapour</em><br /></p> <h5>1917 Physics</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/barkla">C. G. Barkla</a><br /> <em>Discovery of the characteristic R枚ntgen radiation of the elements</em> <h5>1915 Physics</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/w.h.bragg">W. H. Bragg</a> and <a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/w.l.bragg">W. L. Bragg</a><br /> <em>Use of X-rays to determine crystal structure</em><br /> <h5>1914 Physics</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/laue">M. Von Laue</a><br /> <em>Diffraction of X-rays by crystals</em><br /> <h5>1901 Physics</h5><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/roentgen">W. C. R枚ntgen</a><br /> <em>Discovery of X-rays</em><br /> <a href="http://img.cryst.bbk.ac.uk/bca/CNews/1997/Sep97/nobels.html"></a> <p><a href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/" onmouseover="javascript: window.status='The Nobel Prize web site'; return true;" onmouseout="javascript: window.status=''; return true;"><img style="border: 0px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);" alt="[The Nobel Prize website]" src="https://www.iucr.org/__data/assets/image/0008/3968/nobelprize_banner1.jpg" width="468" height="60" align="middle" /></a></p> <p><small>List based on the compilation by Kate Crennell at <a href="http://img.cryst.bbk.ac.uk/bca/CNews/1997/Sep97/nobels.html">http://img.cryst.bbk.ac.uk/bca/CNews/1997/Sep97/nobels.html</a></small></p> </div> </div> <div id="_layout_34" class="content three_quarter"></div> <div id="_layout_full" class="content"></div> <!-- iucr indexable content ends here --> <!-- Right sidebar can host a calendar navigator, navigation menu and adverts --> <div class="sidebar one_quarter" style="float:right;"></div> <style type="text/css">div#_layout_34{display:none;}/* allows proper flow */</style> <div class="sidebar one_quarter"> <nav class="sdb_holder"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/all">Full list of Nobel winners in crystallography</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/agre">P. Agre</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/anfinsen">C. Anfinsen</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/baker">D. Baker</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/barkla">C.G. Barkla</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/boyer">P.D. Boyer</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/w.h.bragg">W.H. Bragg</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/w.l.bragg">W.L. Bragg</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/brockhouse">B.N. Brockhouse</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/debroglie">Prince L.-V. P. R. de Broglie</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/charpak">G. Charpak</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/compton">A.H. Compton</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/crick">F. Crick</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/rfcurljr">R. F. Curl Jr</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/davisson">C. J. Davisson</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/debye">P. Debye</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/deisenhofer">J. Deisenhofer</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/doudna">J.A. Doudna</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/geim">A. Geim</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/degennes">P.G. de Gennes</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/feringa">B.L. Feringa</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/hauptman">H.A. Hauptman</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/hodgkin">D.C. Hodgkin</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/huber2">R. Huber</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/julius">D. Julius</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/karle">J. Karle</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/karplus">M. Karplus</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/kendrew">J.C. Kendrew</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/klug">A. Klug</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/kobilka">B. Kobilka</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/kornberg">R.D. Kornberg</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/kroto">H.W. Kroto</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/laue">M.T.F. von Laue</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/lefkowitz">R. Lefkowitz</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/m.-levitt">M. Levitt</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/lipscomb">W.N. Lipscomb</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/mackinnon">R. MacKinnon</a></li><li><a href="https://www.iucr.org/people/nobel-prize/michel">H. 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