Slave Voyages

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge"> <meta name="description" content=" Drawing on extensive archival records, this digital memorial allows analysis of the ships, traders, and captives in the Atlantic slave trade. The three databases below provide details of 36,000 trans-Atlantic slave voyages, 10,000 intra-American ventures, names and personal information. You can read the introductory maps for a high-level guided explanation, view the timeline and chronology of the traffic, or watch the slave ship and slave trade animations to see the dispersal in action."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#008ca8"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/CACHE/css/833ae9c8a03e.css" type="text/css" />  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/CACHE/css/8e83860a9dc8.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/CACHE/js/5095fdd65d94.js"></script> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/images/site/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/images/site/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" 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aria-expanded="false">Trans-Atlantic</a> <div class="dropdown-menu"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/voyage/about">Understanding the Database</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/voyage/database">Database</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/assessment/estimates">Estimates</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/voyage/essays">Essays</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/voyage/downloads">Downloads</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/voyage/maps">Introductory Maps</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/voyage/ship">3D Videos of Slaving Ships</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/assessment/estimates?selected_tab=timeline">Timeline and Chronology</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/contribute/">Edit Database</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown" id="link-american"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" >Intra-American</a> <div 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window.location.reload(); }); }); }); </script> <div id="video-overlay" class="video-overlay embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9"> <a class="video-overlay-close">×</a> </div> <div id="bgvid-container"> <div class="cover-band"> <div class="cover-flex-container"> <div class="align-self-start cover-start col-md-10 col-lg-12 col-xl-10 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 no-padding"> <h1 class="uppercase cover-color weight-700 db-title site-headline " data-aos="fade-in" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-duration="500" data-aos-anchor="#bgvid-container">Explore the Origins and Forced Relocations of Enslaved Africans Across the Atlantic World</h1> <p class="cover-color site-story" data-aos="fade-in" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-delay="400" data-aos-duration="500" data-aos-anchor="#bgvid-container"> The SlaveVoyages website is a collaborative digital initiative that compiles and makes publicly accessible records of the largest slave trades in history. Search these records to learn about the broad origins and forced relocations of more than 12 million African people who were sent across the Atlantic in slave ships, and hundreds of thousands more who were trafficked within the Americas. Explore where they were taken, the numerous rebellions that occurred, the horrific loss of life during the voyages, the identities and nationalities of the perpetrators, and much more. </p> <div class="video-player-flexbox" data-aos="fade-in" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-delay="600" data-aos-duration="500" data-aos-anchor="#bgvid-container"> <a id="play-video" class="video-play-button" href="#"> <span></span> </a> <div class="special-feature-desc video-player-desc">Henry Louis Gates introduces Slave Voyages 2.0 and some of its people</div> </div> </div> <div class="align-self-center special-feature-container cover-center"> <div class="special-feature" data-aos="fade-in" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-delay="900" data-aos-duration="500" data-aos-anchor="#bgvid-container">Special features</div> <div class="special-feature-flex-container"> <a href="/voyage/maps" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-delay="900" data-aos-duration="500" data-aos-anchor="#bgvid-container"> <div class="special-feature-flex-item"> <div class="special-feature-title">Introductory maps</div> <div class="special-feature-desc">View places and routes of the slave trade </div> </div> </a> <a href="/voyage/ship" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-delay="1100" data-aos-duration="500" data-aos-anchor="#bgvid-container"> <div class="special-feature-flex-item"> <div class="special-feature-title">3D video reconstructions</div> <div class="special-feature-desc">View 3D renditions of slaving vessels </div> </div> </a> <a href="/assessment/estimates?selected_tab=timeline" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-delay="1300" data-aos-duration="500" data-aos-anchor="#bgvid-container"> <div class="special-feature-flex-item"> <div class="special-feature-title">Timeline</div> <div class="special-feature-desc">Examine estimated numbers of people trafficked across the Atlantic </div> </div> </a> <a data-toggle="modal" data-target="#timelapse-modal" href="#" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-delay="1500" data-aos-duration="500" data-aos-anchor="#bgvid-container"> <div class="special-feature-flex-item"> <div class="special-feature-title">Timelapse</div> <div class="special-feature-desc">View the movement of slave ships across the Atlantic </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="align-self-end cover-end" data-aos="fade-in" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-delay="1700" data-aos-duration="500" data-aos-anchor="#bgvid-container"> <div class="social-flex-container"> <div class="social-icon-container"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Voyages-The-Trans-Atlantic-Slave-Trade-Database-125441173016/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" alt="Slave Voyages on Facebook"><img data-src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/images/site/social-media/fb.svg" class="social-icon lazy" alt="Facebook Logo"></img></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/slavevoyages" target="_blank" rel="noopener" alt="Slave Voyages on Twitter"><img 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more</div> </div> <div class="social-icon-container"> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="Rice University" href="https://www.rice.edu" alt="Rice University"><img class="cover-logo lazy" data-src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/images/site/landing/Rice_Logo_Reverse_White.svg" alt="Rice University Logo"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <video id="bgvid" playsinline autoplay muted loop preload>  <source src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/videos/sv-bgvid-1.webm" type="video/webm"> <source src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/videos/sv-bgvid-1.mp4" type="video/mp4"> </video> </div>  <div class="modal fade" id="timelapse-modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="timelapse-modal-label" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title timelapse-modal-title" id="timelapse-modal-label">Choose how to continue</h5> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body row"> <div class="col-md-6 d-flex align-items-stretch"> <div class="card card-btn"> <a href="#" id="timelapse-video-btn" data-dismiss="modal"> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title-btn">Watch Intro Video</h5> <p class="card-text-btn">View an introductory video that describes the historical context and features of the timelapse. </p> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 d-flex align-items-stretch"> <div class="card card-btn"> <a href="/voyage/database#timelapse"> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title-btn">View Timelapse</h5> <p class="card-text-btn">View the movement of slaveships across the Atlantic on an interactive map. </p> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <link href="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/scss/blog-carousel.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <div class="aos-container news-container" data-aos="fade-in" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-duration="500"> <div class="container"> <div class="news-container-title"> Latest News </div> <div class="news-grid-container row" > <div id="carouselBlogIndicators" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel" > <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item active "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 text-center" > <a href="/blog/washington-university-joins-slave-voyages" class="expand-snippet" data-content="Washington University in St. Louis has joined SlaveVoyages, a collaborative digital initiative that compiles records related to the trans-Atlantic slave trade. William Acree, co-director of the Center for the Study of Race, Ethnicity &amp; Equity (CRE&sup2;), says membership provides university faculty and students an opportunity to both benefit from and contribute to SlaveVoyages&rsquo; critical scholarship. &ldquo;SlaveVoyages is the world&rsquo;s premier collection of databases and digital scholarship for the study of the slave trade,&rdquo; said Acree, a professor of Spanish in Arts &amp; Sciences. &ldquo;This project is publicly accessible and has united scholars from around the world and has led to a greater understanding of the slave trade and enslavement.&rdquo; Acree said researchers for the WashU &amp; Slavery Project are learning ... <br><br><a class='popover-more' href='/blog/washington-university-joins-slave-voyages'>click to read more...</a><br>" data-html="true" rel="popover" data-placement="top" data-original-title="Washington University Joins Slave Voyages" data-trigger="manual"> <img class="d-block w-100 h-50 " src="/documents/blog/images/washu_blog_image.png" alt="Washington University Joins Slave Voyages"> <div class="carousel-caption d-md-block"> <h5>Washington University Joins Slave Voyages</h5> <p>Benefits and Contributions</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-4 text-center" > <a href="/blog/slavevoyages-introduction" class="expand-snippet" data-content="The SlaveVoyages website offers records about the origins and forced transportation of more than twelve million Africans across the Atlantic and within the Americas. <br><br><a class='popover-more' href='/blog/slavevoyages-introduction'>click to read more...</a><br>" data-html="true" rel="popover" data-placement="top" data-original-title="SlaveVoyages Introduction" data-trigger="manual"> <img class="d-block w-100 h-50 " src="/documents/blog/images/sv-logo_orange_centered.png" alt="SlaveVoyages Introduction"> <div class="carousel-caption d-md-block"> <h5>SlaveVoyages Introduction</h5> <p>A Retrospective and What鈥檚 Next</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-4 text-center" > <a href="/blog/the-university-of-the-west-indies-joins-slavevoyages-consortium" class="expand-snippet" data-content="Advancing Scholarship and Access to Barbados Archives: First Non-US-Based University to Serve as Consortium Member to SlaveVoyages <br><br><a class='popover-more' href='/blog/the-university-of-the-west-indies-joins-slavevoyages-consortium'>click to read more...</a><br>" data-html="true" rel="popover" data-placement="top" data-original-title="The University of the West Indies Joins SlaveVoyages Consortium" data-trigger="manual"> <img class="d-block w-100 h-50 " src="/documents/blog/images/uwi_crest_centered.png" alt="The University of the West Indies Joins SlaveVoyages Consortium"> <div class="carousel-caption d-md-block"> <h5>The University of the West Indies Joins SlaveVoyages Consortium</h5> <p></p> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 text-center" > <a href="/blog/rice-university-selected-as-host-institution" class="expand-snippet" data-content="April, 2021 As a consortial endeavor, SlaveVoyages is intended to be independent of any individual institution&rsquo;s ability to fund or host the site; <br><br><a class='popover-more' href='/blog/rice-university-selected-as-host-institution'>click to read more...</a><br>" data-html="true" rel="popover" data-placement="top" data-original-title="Rice University Selected as Host Institution" data-trigger="manual"> <img class="d-block w-100 h-50 " src="/documents/blog/images/rice_shield_blue_centered_514_300.jpg" alt="Rice University Selected as Host Institution"> <div class="carousel-caption d-md-block"> <h5>Rice University Selected as Host Institution</h5> <p></p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-4 text-center" > <a href="/blog/over-600-voyages-updated" class="expand-snippet" data-content="Over 600 Voyages Updated August, 2021 In August 2021, the SlaveVoyages website published new data contributed by users through the contributor&rsquo;s interface over the past two years. <br><br><a class='popover-more' href='/blog/over-600-voyages-updated'>click to read more...</a><br>" data-html="true" rel="popover" data-placement="top" data-original-title="Over 600 Voyages Updated" data-trigger="manual"> <img class="d-block w-100 h-50 d-inline-block " src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/images/site/404.png" alt="Over 600 Voyages Updated"> <div class="carousel-caption d-md-block"> <h5>Over 600 Voyages Updated</h5> <p></p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-4 text-center" > <a href="/blog/new-consortium-will-ensure-future-of-slavevoyages-database" class="expand-snippet" data-content="March, 2021 SlaveVoyages.org, created and hosted at Emory University and a preeminent resource for the study of slavery, will be operated by a newly formed consortium of institutions, <br><br><a class='popover-more' href='/blog/new-consortium-will-ensure-future-of-slavevoyages-database'>click to read more...</a><br>" data-html="true" rel="popover" data-placement="top" data-original-title="New Consortium Will Ensure Future of SlaveVoyages Database" data-trigger="manual"> <img class="d-block w-100 h-50 " src="/documents/blog/images/logo_collection.png" alt="New Consortium Will Ensure Future of SlaveVoyages Database"> <div class="carousel-caption d-md-block"> <h5>New Consortium Will Ensure Future of SlaveVoyages Database</h5> <p></p> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#carouselBlogIndicators" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Previous</span> </a> <a class="carousel-control-next" href="#carouselBlogIndicators" role="button" data-slide="next"> <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Next</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> $(document).ready(function() { $(".carousel").carousel({ interval: 2000 }) //$('.expand-snippet').popover(); $(".expand-snippet") .popover({ html: true}) .on("mouseenter", function () { $(this).popover("show"); }).on("mouseleave", function () { var _this = this; if (!$(".popover:hover").length) { $(this).popover("hide"); } else { $('.popover').mouseleave(function() { $(_this).popover("hide"); $(this).off('mouseleave'); }); } }); }) </script> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="row band" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-duration="500"> <div class="col-md-8 band-story"> <div class="align-self-start"> <h1 class="uppercase trans-color weight-700 db-title">Trans-Atlantic</h1> <h1 class="uppercase db-title-color weight-700 db-title">Slave Trade Database</h1> </div> <div class="align-self-center"> <p class="trans-color margin-top"> This database compiles information about more than 36,000 voyages that forcibly transported enslaved Africans across the Atlantic between 1514 and 1866. Search and analyze the database for information on the broad origins of enslaved people, the tortuous Middle Passage, and the destinations of Africans in the Americas. </p> </div> <div class="align-self-end band-buttons"> <a class="" href="/voyage/about"> <button class="btn btn-outline-primary trans-btn">About</button> </a> <a class="" href="/voyage/database"> <button class="btn btn-outline-primary trans-btn">Database</button> </a> <a class="" href="/assessment/estimates"> <button class="btn btn-outline-primary trans-btn">Estimates</button> </a> <a class="" href="/voyage/essays"> <button class="btn btn-outline-primary trans-btn">Essays</button> </a> <a class="" href="/voyage/downloads"> <button class="btn btn-outline-primary trans-btn">Downloads</button> </a> <a class="" href="/contribute/"> <button class="btn btn-outline-primary trans-btn">Contribute</button> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 sm-hidden"> <img class="band-image lazy" data-src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/images/site/modules/trans.jpg" alt="Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database"> </div> </div> <div class="row band" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-duration="500"> <div class="col-md-4 sm-hidden"> <img class="band-image lazy" data-src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/images/site/modules/intra.jpg" alt="Intra-American Slave Trade Database"> </div> <div class="col-md-8 band-story"> <div class="align-self-start"> <h1 class="uppercase intra-color weight-700 db-title">Intra-American</h1> <h1 class="uppercase db-title-color weight-700 db-title">Slave Trade Database</h1> </div> <div class="align-self-center"> <p class="intra-color margin-top"> This database contains information on more than 11,000 maritime voyages trafficking enslaved people within the Americas. These slave trades operated within colonial empires, across imperial boundaries, and inside the borders of nations such as the United States and Brazil. Explore the forced removals, which not only dispersed African survivors of the Atlantic crossing but also displaced enslaved people born in the Americas. </p> </div> <div class="align-self-end band-buttons"> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary intra-btn" href="/american/about">About</a> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary intra-btn" href="/american/database">Database</a> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary intra-btn" href="/american/downloads">Downloads</a> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary intra-btn" href="/contribute/">Contribute</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row band" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-duration="500"> <div class="col-md-8 band-story"> <div class="align-self-start"> <h1 class="uppercase past-color weight-700 db-title">People of the Atlantic Slave Trade</h1> <h1 class="uppercase db-title-color weight-700 db-title"> Database</h1> </div> <div class="align-self-center"> <p class="past-color margin-top"> People of the Atlantic Slave Trade allows users to search three distinct databases. Two document enslaved people; one concerns enslavers. The African Origins dataset includes personal details of 95,153 Africans taken from slave ships mostly captured by anti-slave trade patrols or from African trading sites between 1808-1862. Users can view the personal details of Africans liberated from slave vessels, hear their names pronounced, and contribute to the project by suggesting the likely language origins of the names in the records. The Oceans of Kinfolk dataset includes the personal details of 63,562 people transported to New Orleans, and in many cases records on the people who transported, bought, and sold them there. Users can analyze the name, age, gender, origin, places of embarkation and disembarkation of these individuals, and some of their linkages to enslavers. The Enslavers database lists nearly 60,000 individuals or commercial companies involved in the enslavement of Africans or people of African descent, lists the number of captives they enslaved, and provides links to the slave voyages in which they participated. </p> </div> <div class="align-self-end band-buttons"> <a class="" href="/resources/about"> <button class="btn btn-outline-primary past-btn">About</button> </a> <a class="" href="/past/database"> <button class="btn btn-outline-primary past-btn">Database</button> </a> <a class="" href="/resources/downloads"> <button class="btn btn-outline-primary past-btn">Downloads</button> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 sm-hidden "> <img class="band-image lazy" data-src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/images/site/modules/past.jpg" alt="People of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Image"> </div> </div> <div class="row band" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-easing="ease" data-aos-duration="500"> <div class="col-md-12 band-story"> <div class="align-self-start"> <h1 class="uppercase gallery-color weight-700 db-title">Image Galleries</h1> </div> <div class="align-self-center"> <p class="gallery-color margin-top"> Explore images of the people, places, vessels, and documents linked to the Trans-Atlantic and Intra-American slave trades. Where available, each image contains a link to a corresponding slave voyage in the databases and a reference to the original source. </p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 card-container"> <a href="/resources/images/category/People" > <img class="card-img-top drop-shadow-1 lazy" data-src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/images/site/gallery/4.jpg" alt="People"> <div class="card-block"> <h4 class="sv-card-title card-title-color "> people </h4> <p class="card-text"></p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 card-container"> <a href="/resources/images/category/Places" > <img class="card-img-top drop-shadow-1 lazy" data-src="https://www.slavevoyages.org/static/images/site/gallery/2.jpg" alt="Places"> <div class="card-block"> <h4 class="sv-card-title card-title-color "> places </h4> <p class="card-text"></p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-md-3 card-container"> <a href="/resources/images/category/Documents" > <img class="card-img-top drop-shadow-1 lazy" 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