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This is against the backdrop of the fact that they have many things in common. In the past, the two countries have had unhealthy relations, which threatened to cut diplomatic ties between them. The 1996 Imia/ Kardak incident and the Öcalan crisis, for instance, nearly resulted in war between them. There were events that also brought the two countries together, for instance, the 1999 earthquake. This was because many lives were lost during the disaster. It is important to note that these events were duly covered by the media in the two countries. First of all, the study intends to look at the role of the media in the formulation of foreign policy in Turkey-Greece relations. It examines the role of the media in the formulation of foreign policy with particular emphasis on agenda-setting and positioning theories of the media as the theoretical framework. Also, the study will discuss the media landscapes in Turkey and Greece, the ownership pattern of the media sector and the relationship between media organizations and the government in the two countries. Moreover, the core foreign policy objectives of the countries will be delved into. Finally, the study employs a qualitative method to critically analyze the role of the media in the formulation of foreign policy in Turkey-Greece relations. It uses the invitation of the Former Prime Minister of Greece, George Andreas Papandreou, to the Ambassadors Conference in Turkey as a case study. In the end, the analysis will prove that, indeed, the media in Greece was effective in the formulation of foreign policy in its relations with Turkey. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20organizations" title="media organizations">media organizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20policy" title=" foreign policy"> foreign policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government" title=" government"> government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diplomacy" title=" diplomacy"> diplomacy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162259/the-role-of-the-media-in-foreign-policy-formulation-a-case-study-of-turkey-greece-relations-from-2004-to-2011" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4620</span> SPBAC: A Semantic Policy-Based Access Control for Database Query</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aaron%20Zhang">Aaron Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alimire%20Kahaer"> Alimire Kahaer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gerald%20Weber"> Gerald Weber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nalin%20Arachchilage"> Nalin Arachchilage</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Access control is an essential safeguard for the security of enterprise data, which controls users’ access to information resources and ensures the confidentiality and integrity of information resources [1]. Research shows that the more common types of access control now have shortcomings [2]. In this direction, to improve the existing access control, we have studied the current technologies in the field of data security, deeply investigated the previous data access control policies and their problems, identified the existing deficiencies, and proposed a new extension structure of SPBAC. SPBAC extension proposed in this paper aims to combine Policy-Based Access Control (PBAC) with semantics to provide logically connected, real-time data access functionality by establishing associations between enterprise data through semantics. Our design combines policies with linked data through semantics to create a "Semantic link" so that access control is no longer per-database and determines that users in each role should be granted access based on the instance policy, and improves the SPBAC implementation by constructing policies and defined attributes through the XACML specification, which is designed to extend on the original XACML model. While providing relevant design solutions, this paper hopes to continue to study the feasibility and subsequent implementation of related work at a later stage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=access%20control" title="access control">access control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semantic%20policy-based%20access%20control" title=" semantic policy-based access control"> semantic policy-based access control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semantic%20link" title=" semantic link"> semantic link</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=access%20control%20model" title=" access control model"> access control model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instance%20policy" title=" instance policy"> instance policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XACML" title=" XACML"> XACML</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168587/spbac-a-semantic-policy-based-access-control-for-database-query" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4619</span> Policy Innovation and its Determinants: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devasheesh%20Mathur">Devasheesh Mathur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The presentation reviews the literature on the phenomenon of policy innovation. Policy innovation refers to a shift in the way policy is made or executed. The paper covers comprehensively on the definition and also the various types of policy innovations. The emphasis is on the antecedents or the determinants of innovation in policies. The author has then made an effort to discover the knowledge gap in the field of policy innovation so as to identify the future scope of research. The objective is to lend more clarity in the area of policy innovation and help in creating a framework for policy-makers as well as academics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literature%20review" title="literature review">literature review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20innovation" title=" policy innovation"> policy innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title=" determinants"> determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antecedents" title=" antecedents"> antecedents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31540/policy-innovation-and-its-determinants-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">592</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4618</span> Patching and Stretching: Development of Policy Mixes for Entrepreneurship in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Shao">Jian Shao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of entrepreneurship on economic, innovation, and employment has been widely acknowledged by scholars and governments. As an essential factor of influencing entrepreneurship activities, entrepreneurship policy creates a conducive environment to support and develop entrepreneurship. However, the challenge in developing entrepreneurship policy is that policy is normally a combination of many different goals and instruments. Instead of examining the effect of individual policy instruments, we argue that attention to a policy mix is necessary. In recent years, much attention has been focused on comparing a single policy instrument to a policy mix, evaluating the interactions between different instruments within a mix or assessment of particular policy mixes. However, another required step in understanding policy mixes is to understand how and why mixes evolve and change over time and to determine whether any changes are an improvement. In this paper, we try to trace the development of the policy mix for entrepreneurship in China by mapping the policy goals and instruments and reveal the process of policy mix changing over time. We find two main process mechanisms of the entrepreneurship policy mix in China: patching and stretching. Compared with policy repackaging, patching and stretching are more realistic processes in the real world of the policy mix, and they are possible to achieve effectiveness by avoiding conflicts and promoting synergies among policy goals and instruments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title="entrepreneurship">entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20design" title=" policy design"> policy design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20mix" title=" policy mix"> policy mix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20patching" title=" policy patching"> policy patching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128849/patching-and-stretching-development-of-policy-mixes-for-entrepreneurship-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4617</span> Attention Multiple Instance Learning for Cancer Tissue Classification in Digital Histopathology Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afaf%20Alharbi">Afaf Alharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qianni%20Zhang"> Qianni Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The identification of malignant tissue in histopathological slides holds significant importance in both clinical settings and pathology research. This paper introduces a methodology aimed at automatically categorizing cancerous tissue through the utilization of a multiple-instance learning framework. This framework is specifically developed to acquire knowledge of the Bernoulli distribution of the bag label probability by employing neural networks. Furthermore, we put forward a neural network based permutation-invariant aggregation operator, equivalent to attention mechanisms, which is applied to the multi-instance learning network. Through empirical evaluation of an openly available colon cancer histopathology dataset, we provide evidence that our approach surpasses various conventional deep learning methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention%20multiple%20instance%20learning" title="attention multiple instance learning">attention multiple instance learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIL%20and%20transfer%20learning" title=" MIL and transfer learning"> MIL and transfer learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathological%20slides" title=" histopathological slides"> histopathological slides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20tissue%20classification" title=" cancer tissue classification"> cancer tissue classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167708/attention-multiple-instance-learning-for-cancer-tissue-classification-in-digital-histopathology-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4616</span> The Nigeria Police Force: Human Resources Management Issues and the Community Policing Policy Transfer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aminu%20Musa%20Audu">Aminu Musa Audu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the human resources management issues of the Nigeria Police and how it is impacting the community policing policy transfer. Nigeria Police Force is the organisation in the country with the constitutional responsibility of maintaining law and order. The high level of crime and other forms of insecurity called for the introduction of ‘police-community partnership’ strategy in 2003. The trend of events has suggested that the effort is not yielding result, partly because the police in Nigeria are facing human resources management challenges. For instance, the prospective candidates for the police jobs are usually not vetted a situation which provides the possibility of recruiting persons of low academic background and questionable character, or even criminal records. Moreover, the existing training, development infrastructure and other logistics for the job of policing are not in good condition. Consequently, the implementation of the ‘community policing’ policy for crime prevention and control in Nigeria stands to suffer setbacks. Adopting qualitative methods and with focus groups discussions and individual in-depth interviews for data collections, the findings from the views and perspectives of the participants were suggestive of poor handlings of human resources management of the Nigeria police organisation and with negative effect on the implementation of community policing policy. The paper therefore recommends that a total overhaul of the human resources component of the police organisation is necessary in the community policing policy transfer process for crime prevention and control in Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria%20Police%20Force" title="Nigeria Police Force">Nigeria Police Force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20policing%20policy%20transfer" title=" community policing policy transfer"> community policing policy transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20resources%20management" title=" human resources management"> human resources management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=police-community%20partnership" title=" police-community partnership"> police-community partnership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8415/the-nigeria-police-force-human-resources-management-issues-and-the-community-policing-policy-transfer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4615</span> Image Instance Segmentation Using Modified Mask R-CNN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avatharam%20Ganivada">Avatharam Ganivada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krishna%20Shah"> Krishna Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Mask R-CNN is recently introduced by the team of Facebook AI Research (FAIR), which is mainly concerned with instance segmentation in images. Here, the Mask R-CNN is based on ResNet and feature pyramid network (FPN), where a single dropout method is employed. This paper provides a modified Mask R-CNN by adding multiple dropout methods into the Mask R-CNN. The proposed model has also utilized the concepts of Resnet and FPN to extract stage-wise network feature maps, wherein a top-down network path having lateral connections is used to obtain semantically strong features. The proposed model produces three outputs for each object in the image: class label, bounding box coordinates, and object mask. The performance of the proposed network is evaluated in the segmentation of every instance in images using COCO and cityscape datasets. The proposed model achieves better performance than the state-of-the-networks for the datasets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instance%20segmentation" title="instance segmentation">instance segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object%20detection" title=" object detection"> object detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convolutional%20neural%20networks" title=" convolutional neural networks"> convolutional neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20vision" title=" computer vision"> computer vision</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147310/image-instance-segmentation-using-modified-mask-r-cnn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4614</span> Public Policy Making Process in Developing Countries: Case Study of Turkish Health System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakan%20Akin">Hakan Akin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to examine the policy making process in Turkish Health System. This policy making process will be examined through public policy change theories. Since political actors played in the formulation of public policies also explains the type of policy change, this actors will be inspected in the supranational and national basis. Also the transformation of public policy in the Turkish health care system will be analysed under the concepts of New right ideology, neo-liberalism, neo-conservatism and governance. And after this analyse, the outputs and outcomes of this transformation will be discussed in the context of developing countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20transfer" title="policy transfer">policy transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20diffusion" title=" policy diffusion"> policy diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20convergence" title=" policy convergence"> policy convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20right" title=" new right"> new right</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29536/public-policy-making-process-in-developing-countries-case-study-of-turkish-health-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4613</span> The First Tendency in Foreign Policy: Theories, Motives, and Effects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djehich%20Mohamed%20Yousri">Djehich Mohamed Yousri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we explore the extent to which states seek to promote regional foreign policy. More specifically, the analytical feasibility is to find out exactly what countries seek to export, and how they have used their relations and foreign policies to enhance cooperation with other countries. The first part discusses the development of regional interests and theoretical approaches that attempted to explain the push for regionalism in the field of foreign policy. The second part of the paper presents the motives and mechanisms through which states spread the idea of regionalism in making foreign policy. Finally, we assess the implications of regionalism for the nature and practice of foreign policy, particularly with regard to the gains or constraints to which various actors are exposed in their regional endeavors. We conclude with some considerations that indicate that strengthening regionalism has become an additional and real program in the field of foreign policy analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20policy" title="foreign policy">foreign policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20foreign%20policy" title=" collective foreign policy"> collective foreign policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regionalization%20and%20foreign%20policy" title=" regionalization and foreign policy"> regionalization and foreign policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20foreign%20policy" title=" regional foreign policy"> regional foreign policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20affairs" title=" foreign affairs"> foreign affairs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161653/the-first-tendency-in-foreign-policy-theories-motives-and-effects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4612</span> Instance Selection for MI-Support Vector Machines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20M.%20Kwon">Amy M. Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Support vector machine (SVM) is a well-known algorithm in machine learning due to its superior performance, and it also functions well in multiple-instance (MI) problems. Our study proposes a schematic algorithm to select instances based on Hausdorff distance, which can be adapted to SVMs as input vectors under the MI setting. Based on experiments on five benchmark datasets, our strategy for adapting representation outperformed in comparison with original approach. In addition, task execution times (TETs) were reduced by more than 80% based on MissSVM. Hence, it is noteworthy to consider this representation adaptation to SVMs under MI-setting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support%20vector%20machine" title="support vector machine">support vector machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Margin" title=" Margin"> Margin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hausdorff%20distance" title=" Hausdorff distance"> Hausdorff distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=representation%20selection" title=" representation selection"> representation selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple-instance%20learning" title=" multiple-instance learning"> multiple-instance learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186528/instance-selection-for-mi-support-vector-machines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">42</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4611</span> Child Care Policy in Kazakhstan: A New Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dina%20Maratovna%20Aikenova">Dina Maratovna Aikenova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Child care policy must be a priority area of public authorities in any country. This study investigates child care policy in Kazakhstan in accordance with the current position of children and laws. The results show that Kazakhstan policy in this sphere needs more systematic model including state economic and social measures, parental involvement and role of non-government organizations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title="children">children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazakhstan" title=" Kazakhstan"> Kazakhstan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy" title=" policy"> policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability" title=" vulnerability"> vulnerability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5036/child-care-policy-in-kazakhstan-a-new-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4610</span> FCNN-MR: A Parallel Instance Selection Method Based on Fast Condensed Nearest Neighbor Rule</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Si">Lu Si</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Yu"> Jie Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shasha%20Li"> Shasha Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Ma"> Jun Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Luo"> Lei Luo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qingbo%20Wu"> Qingbo Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongqi%20Ma"> Yongqi Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengji%20Liu"> Zhengji Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Instance selection (IS) technique is used to reduce the data size to improve the performance of data mining methods. Recently, to process very large data set, several proposed methods divide the training set into some disjoint subsets and apply IS algorithms independently to each subset. In this paper, we analyze the limitation of these methods and give our viewpoint about how to divide and conquer in IS procedure. Then, based on fast condensed nearest neighbor (FCNN) rule, we propose a large data sets instance selection method with MapReduce framework. Besides ensuring the prediction accuracy and reduction rate, it has two desirable properties: First, it reduces the work load in the aggregation node; Second and most important, it produces the same result with the sequential version, which other parallel methods cannot achieve. We evaluate the performance of FCNN-MR on one small data set and two large data sets. The experimental results show that it is effective and practical. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instance%20selection" title="instance selection">instance selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20reduction" title=" data reduction"> data reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MapReduce" title=" MapReduce"> MapReduce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kNN" title=" kNN"> kNN</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71156/fcnn-mr-a-parallel-instance-selection-method-based-on-fast-condensed-nearest-neighbor-rule" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4609</span> A Consensus Approach to the Formulation of a School ICT Policy: A Q-Methodology Case Study </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thiru%20Vandeyar">Thiru Vandeyar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study sets out to explore how teachers’ beliefs and attitudes about ICT policy influence a consensus approach to the formulation of a school ICT policy. This case study proposes Q- methodology as an innovative method to facilitate a school’s capacity to develop policy reflecting teacher beliefs and attitudes. Q-methodology is used as a constructivist approach to the formulation of an ICT policy. Data capture was a mix of Q-methodology and qualitative principles. Data was analyzed by means of document, content and cluster analysis methods. Findings were threefold: First, teachers’ beliefs and attitudes about ICT policy influenced a consensus approach by including teachers as policy decision-makers. Second, given the opportunity, teachers have the inherent ability to deconstruct and critically engage with policy statements according to their own professional beliefs and attitudes. And third, an inclusive approach to policy formulation may inform the practice of school leaders and policymakers alike on how schools may develop their own policy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT" title="ICT">ICT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy" title=" policy"> policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20beliefs" title=" teacher beliefs"> teacher beliefs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consensus" title=" consensus"> consensus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3087/a-consensus-approach-to-the-formulation-of-a-school-ict-policy-a-q-methodology-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4608</span> Computation of Induction Currents in a Set of Dendrites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20B.%20Mishra">R. B. Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhakar%20Tripathi"> Sudhakar Tripathi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the cable model of dendrites have been considered. The dendrites are cylindrical cables of various segments having variable length and reducing radius from start point at synapse and end points. For a particular event signal being received by a neuron in response only some dendrite are active at a particular instance. Initial current signals with different current flows in dendrite are assumed. Due to overlapping and coupling of active dendrite, they induce currents in the dendrite segments of each other at a particular instance. But how these currents are induced in the various segments of active dendrites due to coupling between these dendrites, It is not presented in the literature. Here the paper presents a model for induced currents in active dendrite segments due to mutual coupling at the starting instance of an activity in dendrite. The model is as discussed further. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=currents" title="currents">currents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dendrites" title=" dendrites"> dendrites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction" title=" induction"> induction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31043/computation-of-induction-currents-in-a-set-of-dendrites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4607</span> Humanity in Public Policy: The Polemic of Death Penalty Policy in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alvian%20R.%20E.%20Purnomo">Alvian R. E. Purnomo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Noni%20Srijati"> K. Noni Srijati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hernawan%20Adi"> Hernawan Adi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Government regulation is a result of agreement on the struggle of ideas, interests, and ideologies among elites in state institution. The polemic about death penalty policy in Indonesia is still becoming an interesting discussion and also a complex issue. There are pros/ cons of whether the policy is humane or not. Indonesia becomes the concern of the world’s community because the policy of death penalty applied is considered not reflecting the values of Indonesian culture including tolerance, mutual cooperation, and love. This paper examines them using literature study on how public policy theories respond to humanity issues and how Indonesian government should take steps to the issue of the death penalty that has become polemic until now. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government%20regulation" title="government regulation">government regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20policy" title=" public policy"> public policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=death%20penalty%20policy" title=" death penalty policy"> death penalty policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=humanity" title=" humanity"> humanity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74459/humanity-in-public-policy-the-polemic-of-death-penalty-policy-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74459.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4606</span> Mechanisms and Process of an Effective Public Policy Formulation in Islamic Economic System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Abu%20Saieed">Md Abu Saieed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crafting and implementing public policy is one of the indispensable works in any form of state and government. But the policy objectives, methods of formulation and tools of implementation might be different based on the ideological nature, historical legacy, structure and capacity of administration and management and other push and factors. Public policy in Islamic economic system needs to be based on the key guidelines of divine scriptures along with other sources of sharia’h. As a representative of Allah (SWT), the governor and other apparatus of the state will formulate and implement public policies which will enable to establish a true welfare state based on justice, equity and equality. The whole life of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and his policy in operating state of affairs in Madina is the practical guidelines for the policy actors and professionals in Islamic system of economics. Moreover, policy makers need to be more meticulous in formulating Islamic public policy which meets the needs and demands of contemporary worlds as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formulation" title="formulation">formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islam" title=" Islam"> Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20policy" title=" public policy"> public policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20factors" title=" policy factors"> policy factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharia%E2%80%99h" title=" Sharia’h"> Sharia’h</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72663/mechanisms-and-process-of-an-effective-public-policy-formulation-in-islamic-economic-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4605</span> A Systematic Review of Street-Level Policy Entrepreneurship Strategies in Different Political Contexts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20Wang">Hui Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huan%20Zhang"> Huan Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study uses systematic review and qualitative comparative analysis methods to comprehensively inquire about the recent street-level policy entrepreneurship research, to identify the characteristics and lessons we can learn from 20 years of street-level policy entrepreneurship literature, and the relations between political contexts and street-level policy entrepreneurs’ strategies. Using data from a systematic review of street-level policy entrepreneurship literature, we identify the sub-components of different political contexts and core strategies of street-level policy entrepreneurs and estimate the configurational relations between different political settings and street-level policy entrepreneurs’ strategies. Our results show that street-level policy entrepreneurs display social acuity, define the problem, and build team strategies when policy or political streams dominate. Street-level policy entrepreneurs will use lead-by-example strategies when both policy and political streams dominate. Furthermore, street-level policy entrepreneurs will use bureaucratic strategies, even if no stream dominates in the political context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20entrepreneurs" title="policy entrepreneurs">policy entrepreneurs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20comparative%20analysis" title=" qualitative comparative analysis"> qualitative comparative analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street-level%20bureaucracy" title=" street-level bureaucracy"> street-level bureaucracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164769/a-systematic-review-of-street-level-policy-entrepreneurship-strategies-in-different-political-contexts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164769.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4604</span> The Effects of Globalization on the Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the 21st Century</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pouriya%20Angosht%20Baft">Pouriya Angosht Baft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzan%20Safari%20Sabet"> Farzan Safari Sabet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Globalization should be considered as a process that has affected all areas of human activity, including the foreign policy of countries. The phenomenon of globalization has created tremendous changes in the economic, political and cultural fields. Obviously, no country can keep itself away from the new global consequences and globalization process. Dealing with the world requires formulating a realistic and intelligent foreign policy. By examining the phenomenon of globalization and its impact on foreign policy, this article aims to provide solutions for formulating a more active and effective foreign policy. The conclusion of this research is that Iran's foreign policy has gradually moved towards more realism and maintaining and strengthening national interests in the changing world has been the focus of foreign policy makers and decision makers. Strengthening the course of more realism in the future should be at the center of formulating Iran's foreign policy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title="globalization">globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20policy" title=" foreign policy"> foreign policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20relations" title=" international relations"> international relations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=realism" title=" realism"> realism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iran" title=" iran"> iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185285/the-effects-of-globalization-on-the-foreign-policy-of-the-islamic-republic-of-iran-in-the-21st-century" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4603</span> Rules in Policy Integration, Case Study: Victoria Catchment Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ratri%20Werdiningtyas">Ratri Werdiningtyas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongping%20Wei"> Yongping Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Western"> Andrew Western</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper contributes to on-going attempts at bringing together land, water and environmental policy in catchment management. A tension remains in defining the boundaries of policy integration. Most of Integrated Water Resource Management is valued as rhetoric policy. It is far from being achieved on the ground because the socio-ecological system has not been understood and developed into complete and coherent problem representation. To clarify the feature of integration, this article draws on institutional fit for public policy integration and uses these insights in an empirical setting to identify the mechanism that can facilitate effective public integration for catchment management. This research is based on the journey of Victoria’s government from 1890-2016. A total of 274 Victorian Acts related to land, water, environment management published in those periods has been investigated. Four conditions of integration have been identified in their co-evolution: (1) the integration policy based on reserves, (2) the integration policy based on authority interest, (3) policy based on integrated information and, (4) policy based coordinated resource, authority and information. Results suggest that policy coordination among their policy instrument is superior rather than policy integration in the case of catchment management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catchment%20management" title="catchment management">catchment management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-evolution" title=" co-evolution"> co-evolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20integration" title=" policy integration"> policy integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase" title=" phase"> phase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101538/rules-in-policy-integration-case-study-victoria-catchment-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4602</span> Optimizing the Public Policy Information System under the Environment of E-Government</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qian%20Zaijian">Qian Zaijian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> E-government is one of the hot issues in the current academic research of public policy and management. As the organic integration of information and communication technology (ICT) and public administration, e-government is one of the most important areas in contemporary information society. Policy information system is a basic subsystem of public policy system, its operation affects the overall effect of the policy process or even exerts a direct impact on the operation of a public policy and its success or failure. The basic principle of its operation is information collection, processing, analysis and release for a specific purpose. The function of E-government for public policy information system lies in the promotion of public access to the policy information resources, information transmission through e-participation, e-consultation in the process of policy analysis and processing of information and electronic services in policy information stored, to promote the optimization of policy information systems. However, due to many factors, the function of e-government to promote policy information system optimization has its practical limits. In the building of E-government in our country, we should take such path as adhering to the principle of freedom of information, eliminating the information divide (gap), expanding e-consultation, breaking down information silos and other major path, so as to promote the optimization of public policy information systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-consultation" title=" e-consultation"> e-consultation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-democracy" title=" e-democracy"> e-democracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title=" e-government"> e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-participation" title=" e-participation"> e-participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICTs" title=" ICTs"> ICTs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20policy%20information%20systems" title=" public policy information systems"> public policy information systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44549/optimizing-the-public-policy-information-system-under-the-environment-of-e-government" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44549.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">873</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4601</span> The Fiscal-Monetary Policy and Economic Growth in Algeria: VECM Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Bokreta">K. Bokreta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Benanaya"> D. Benanaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to examine the relative effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policy in Algeria using the econometric modelling techniques of cointegration and vector error correction modelling to analyse and draw policy inferences. The chosen variables of fiscal policy are government expenditure and net taxes on products, while the effect of monetary policy is presented by the inflation rate and the official exchange rate. From the results, we find that in the long-run, the impact of government expenditures is positive, while the effect of taxes is negative on growth. Additionally, we find that the inflation rate is found to have little effect on GDP per capita but the impact of the exchange rate is insignificant. We conclude that fiscal policy is more powerful then monetary policy in promoting economic growth in Algeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monetary%20policy" title=" monetary policy"> monetary policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiscal%20policy" title=" fiscal policy"> fiscal policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VECM" title=" VECM"> VECM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52069/the-fiscal-monetary-policy-and-economic-growth-in-algeria-vecm-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4600</span> Exploring Coordination between Monetary and Macroprudential Policies Using a Monetary Policy Procyclicality Ratio</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukasz%20Kurowski">Lukasz Kurowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawe%C5%82%20Smaga"> Paweł Smaga </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We explore the procyclicality of monetary policy decisions towards the financial cycle in the 1995−2015 period on a sample of six central banks. Using interest rate paths and the credit-to-GDP gap to construct a monetary policy procyclicality ratio, we provide evidence that monetary policy procyclicality was high in BoE and CNB and low in Riksbank and ECB. The results support the need for coordination between macroprudential and monetary policies, for example, by including financial stability considerations to the inflation targeting strategy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20bank" title="central bank">central bank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20stability" title=" financial stability"> financial stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroprudential%20policy" title=" macroprudential policy"> macroprudential policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monetary%20policy" title=" monetary policy"> monetary policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61789/exploring-coordination-between-monetary-and-macroprudential-policies-using-a-monetary-policy-procyclicality-ratio" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61789.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4599</span> One-Hit Multiple Instance Logistic Regression for Binary Classification and Its Application to Atomic Force Microscopy Images for Bladder Cancer Determination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugene%20Demidenko">Eugene Demidenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Seigne"> John Seigne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20Sokolov"> Igor Sokolov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multiple instance classification is a known machine learning tech-nique when only a bag of features is labeled. The method of binary multiple instance classification, termed multiple instance logistic regression (LR), received the most attention as a well-defined statistical model. This algorithm is realized in several computer languages, including R (milr) and MATLAB. This work suggests improving this model, which is called the one-hit multiple instance LR. Unlike the existing ap-proach, where unknown labels are treated as missing observations, our model directly implements the ML approach. As such, it is methodologically straightforward and computationally stable, especially when features are highly correlated and/or bags are heterogeneous. Since the one-hit LR admits a closed form for the log-likelihood function, an eﬃcient Fisher scoring algorithm applies with the variances of the regres-sion coeﬃcients computed through the inverse of the Fisher information matrix at the final iteration. Numerical experiments demonstrate the superiority of the one-hit LR in terms of regression coeﬃcients and classification accuracy. Another advantage of our approach is developing the optimal probability threshold for classification (the traditional threshold equals 0 5). The one-hit LR is illustrated with a noninvasive bladder cancer identification where each patient, in the multiple instance terminol-ogy ’bag,’ contains feature images of multiple cells from a urine sample of the same individual. We show that the one-hit LR with two Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) image features leads to a perfect (AUC=1) or almost perfect (AUC=0.978) classifica-tion of normal and cancer patients among 20 individuals. The -value 0.0018 confirms that the latter AUC is unlikely to be obtained by chance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AUC" title="AUC">AUC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20accuracy" title=" classification accuracy"> classification accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20p-value" title=" classification p-value"> classification p-value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fisher%20information" title=" Fisher information"> Fisher information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ML" title=" ML"> ML</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ROC%20curve" title=" ROC curve"> ROC curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/197002/one-hit-multiple-instance-logistic-regression-for-binary-classification-and-its-application-to-atomic-force-microscopy-images-for-bladder-cancer-determination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/197002.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">15</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4598</span> A Case for Q-Methodology: Teachers as Policymakers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thiru%20Vandeyar">Thiru Vandeyar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study set out to determine how Q methodology may be used as an inclusive education policy development process. Utilising Q-methodology as a strategy of inquiry, this qualitative instrumental case study set out to explore how teachers, as a crucial but often neglected human resource, may be included in developing policy. A social constructivist lens and the theoretical moorings of Proudford’s emancipatory approach to educational change anchored in teachers’ ‘writerly’ interpretation of policy text was employed. Findings suggest that Q-method is a unique research approach to include teachers’ voices in policy development. Second, that beliefs, attitudes, and professionalism of teachers to improve teaching and learning using ICT are integral to policy formulation. The study indicates that teachers have unique beliefs about what statements should constitute a school’s information and communication (ICT) policy. Teachers’ experiences are an extremely valuable resource in and should not be ignored in the policy formulation process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers" title="teachers">teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=q-methodology" title=" q-methodology"> q-methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20policy" title=" education policy"> education policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT" title=" ICT"> ICT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155432/a-case-for-q-methodology-teachers-as-policymakers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155432.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4597</span> The Interrelationship Between Urban Forest ,Forest Policy And Degraded Lands In Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pius%20Akindele%20Adeniyi">Pius Akindele Adeniyi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The World's tropical forests are disappearing at an alarming rate of more than 200,000 ha per year as a result of deforestation due mainly to population pressures, economic growth, poor management and inappropriate policy. A forest policy determines the role of the sector in a nation's economy and it is formulated in accordance with the objectives of the national economic development. Urban forestry as a concept is relatively new in Nigeria when compared to European and American countries. It consists of growing of trees, shrubs and grass along streets, in parks, and around public or private buildings whose management rests in the hands of the public and private owners. Major urban centers in Nigeria are devoid of efficiently planned tree-planting programs. Hence, various factors militating against environmental improvements, such as climate and other agents of degradation, are highlighted for the necessary attention. The paper discusses the need for forest policy formulation and the objectives of forest policy. Elements of forest policy are also discussed and in particular, those peculiar to urbanization and degraded lands are Forest policy and land-use and policy implementation together with some problem issues in forest policy are discussed while recommendations are given on formulation of a forest policy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban" title="urban">urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest" title=" forest"> forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy" title=" policy"> policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction" title=" interaction"> interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degraded" title=" degraded"> degraded</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163752/the-interrelationship-between-urban-forest-forest-policy-and-degraded-lands-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4596</span> Robot Movement Using the Trust Region Policy Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Romisaa%20Ali">Romisaa Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Policy Gradient approach is one of the deep reinforcement learning families that combines deep neural networks (DNN) with reinforcement learning RL to discover the optimum of the control problem through experience gained from the interaction between the robot and its surroundings. In contrast to earlier policy gradient algorithms, which were unable to handle these two types of error because of over-or under-estimation introduced by the deep neural network model, this article will discuss the state-of-the-art SOTA policy gradient technique, trust region policy optimization (TRPO), by applying this method in various environments compared to another policy gradient method, the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), to explain their robust optimization, using this SOTA to gather experience data during various training phases after observing the impact of hyper-parameters on neural network performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20neural%20networks" title="deep neural networks">deep neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20reinforcement%20learning" title=" deep reinforcement learning"> deep reinforcement learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proximal%20policy%20optimization" title=" proximal policy optimization"> proximal policy optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state-of-the-art" title=" state-of-the-art"> state-of-the-art</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust%20region%20policy%20optimization" title=" trust region policy optimization"> trust region policy optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158075/robot-movement-using-the-trust-region-policy-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4595</span> How Do Crisis Affect Economic Policy?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eva%20Kotl%C3%A1nov%C3%A1">Eva Kotlánová</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> After recession that began in 2007 in the United States and subsequently spilled over the Europe we could expect recovery of economic growth. According to the last estimation of economic progress of European countries, this recovery is not strong enough. Among others, it will depend on economic policy, where and in which way, the economic indicators will proceed. Economic theories postulate that the economic subjects prefer stably, continual economic policy without repeated and strong fluctuations. This policy is perceived as support of economic growth. Mostly in crises period, when the government must cope with consequences of recession, the economic policy becomes unpredictable for many subjects and economic policy uncertainty grows, which have negative influence on economic growth. The aim of this paper is to use panel regression to prove or disprove this hypothesis on the example of five largest European economies in the period 2008–2012. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20crises%20in%20Europe" title="economic crises in Europe">economic crises in Europe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20policy" title=" economic policy"> economic policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty" title=" uncertainty"> uncertainty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20analysis%20regression" title=" panel analysis regression"> panel analysis regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8675/how-do-crisis-affect-economic-policy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8675.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4594</span> Governance Question and the Participatory Policy Making: Making the Process Functional in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albert%20T.%20Akume">Albert T. Akume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20D.%20Dahida"> P. D. Dahida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the effect of various epochs of governments on policy making in Nigeria. The character of governance and public policy making of both epochs was exclusive, non-participatory and self-centric. As a consequence the interests of citizenry were not represented, neither protected nor sought to meet fairly the needs of all groups. The introduction of the post-1999 democratic government demand that the hitherto skewed pattern of policy making cease to be a character of governance. Hence, the need for citizen participation in the policy making process. The question then is what mode is most appropriate to engender public participation so as to make the policy making process functional? Given the prevailing social, economic and political dilemmas the utilization of the direct mode of citizen participation to affect policy outcome is doubtful if not unattainable. It is due to these predicament that this paper uses the documentary research design argues for the utilization of the indirect mode of citizen participation in the policy making process so as to affect public policy outcome appropriately and with less cost, acrimony and delays. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title="governance">governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20policy" title=" public policy"> public policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participation" title=" participation"> participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=representation" title=" representation"> representation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civil%20society" title=" civil society "> civil society </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28005/governance-question-and-the-participatory-policy-making-making-the-process-functional-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4593</span> Globalization and Public Policy Analysis: A Case Study of Foreign Policy of ASEAN Member States</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nattapol%20Pourprasert">Nattapol Pourprasert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study has an objective to analyze foreign policy of member states in globalization current, aiming to answer that the foreign policy of member states have been changed or remained the same and there are any factors affecting changing of foreign policy of the member states. From the study results, it is found that the foreign policy of Thailand is a friendly foreign policy with all states. The policy of Indonesia is more opened because of a change in leader, allowing more democratic development in the country; the government has proceeded with friendly foreign policy with the states in order to bring funds into the state. The foreign policy of Malaysia is not much changed as there is no changing in the leader; the policy of Malaysia has reconciled relations with main city of Indian and Chinese residing in the country in order to bring investments into the country and to relieve tensions in the country. The foreign policy of the Philippines has proceeded with policy under the ASEAN framework and emphasized on international Islam communities. The foreign policy of Singapore has the least changed as the Singapore's policy focuses on internal trade since the state was found. As for the foreign policy of Brunei Darussalam, Brunei has a little role in the international stage; the state having closest relationship as from the view of history is Singapore as the Singaporean has invested in retailing business in Brunei. The foreign policy of Vietnam has emphasized on an omnidirectional foreign policy in order to compete with several states in global stage. The foreign policy of Myanmar has proceeded with a friendly foreign policy with all ASEAN member states, the East-west Corridor transportation line from Myanmar through Thailand and Lao to Vietnam has been developed. As for the foreign policy of Lao, In 2001, the Thai government and Lao government held a discussion which Thailand reaffirmed the position not to support the anti-Lao group. The foreign policy of Cambodia has proceeded with more openness, having good relation with China, Russia and USA as these states has invested in the state, especially the US company. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title="globalization">globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20policy%20analysis" title=" public policy analysis"> public policy analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20policy" title=" foreign policy"> foreign policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASEAN%20member%20states" title=" ASEAN member states"> ASEAN member states</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12637/globalization-and-public-policy-analysis-a-case-study-of-foreign-policy-of-asean-member-states" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4592</span> The Appropriation of Education Policy on Information and Communication Technology in South African Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Vandeyar">T. Vandeyar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to explore how Government policy on ICT influences teaching and learning in South African schools. An instrumental case study using backward mapping principles as a strategy of inquiry was used. Utilizing a social constructivist lens and guided by a theoretical framework of a sociocultural approach to policy analysis, this exploratory qualitative research study set out to investigate how teachers appropriate government policy on ICT in South African schools. Three major findings emanated from this study. First, although teachers were ignorant of the national e-education policy their professionalism and agency were key in formulating and implementing an e-education policy in practice. Second, teachers repositioned themselves not as recipients or reactors of the e-education policy but as social and cultural actors of policy appropriation and formulation. Third, the lack of systemic support to teachers catalyzed improved school and teacher collaborations, teachers became drivers of ICT integration through collaboration, innovation, institutional practice and institutional leadership. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT" title="ICT">ICT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers%20as%20change%20agents" title=" teachers as change agents"> teachers as change agents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practice%20as%20policy" title=" practice as policy"> practice as policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%27s%20beliefs" title=" teacher's beliefs"> teacher's beliefs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%27s%20attitudes" title=" teacher's attitudes"> teacher's attitudes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3109/the-appropriation-of-education-policy-on-information-and-communication-technology-in-south-african-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instance%20policy&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instance%20policy&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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