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design</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: turbine design"> <meta name="keywords" content="turbine design"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="turbine design"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 12860</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: turbine design</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12590</span> Direct Drive Double Fed Wind Generator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vlado%20Ostovic">Vlado Ostovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An electric machine topology characterized by single tooth winding in both stator and rotor is presented. The proposed machine is capable of operating as a direct drive double fed wind generator (DDDF, D3F) because it requires no gearbox and only a reduced-size converter. A wind turbine drive built around a D3F generator is cheaper to manufacture, requires less maintenance, and has a higher energy yield than its conventional counterparts. The single tooth wound generator of a D3F turbine has superb volume utilization and lower stator I2R losses due to its extremely short-end windings. Both stator and rotor of a D3F generator can be manufactured in segments, which simplifies its assembly and transportation to the site, and makes production cheaper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20drive" title="direct drive">direct drive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20fed%20generator" title=" double fed generator"> double fed generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gearbox" title=" gearbox"> gearbox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20magnet%20generators" title=" permanent magnet generators"> permanent magnet generators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20tooth%20winding" title=" single tooth winding"> single tooth winding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20power" title=" wind power"> wind power</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152197/direct-drive-double-fed-wind-generator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152197.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12589</span> Numerical Investigation of the Bio-fouling Roughness Effect on Tidal Turbine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Afshar">O. Afshar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unlike other renewable energy sources, tidal current energy is an extremely reliable, predictable and continuous energy source as the current pattern and speed can be predicted throughout the year. A key concern associated with tidal turbines is their long-term reliability when operating in the hostile marine environment. Bio-fouling changes the physical shape and roughness of turbine components, hence altering the overall turbine performance. This paper seeks to employ Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method to quantify the effects of this problem based on the obtained flow field information. The simulation is carried out on a NACA 63-618 aerofoil. The Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulent model are used to simulate the flow around the model. Different levels of fouling are studied on 2D aerofoil surface with quantified fouling height and density. In terms of lift and drag coefficient results, numerical results show good agreement with the experiment which was carried out in wind tunnel. Numerical results of research indicate that an increase in fouling thickness causes an increase in drag coefficient and a reduction in lift coefficient. Moreover, pressure gradient gradually becomes adverse as height of fouling increases. In addition, result by turbulent kinetic energy contour reveals it increases with fouling height and it extends into wake due to flow separation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tidal%20energy" title="tidal energy">tidal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lift%20coefficient" title=" lift coefficient"> lift coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drag%20coefficient" title=" drag coefficient"> drag coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roughness" title=" roughness"> roughness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38069/numerical-investigation-of-the-bio-fouling-roughness-effect-on-tidal-turbine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12588</span> Numerical Investigation of Dynamic Stall over a Wind Turbine Pitching Airfoil by Using OpenFOAM</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahbod%20Seyednia">Mahbod Seyednia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shidvash%20Vakilipour"> Shidvash Vakilipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehran%20Masdari"> Mehran Masdari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Computations for two-dimensional flow past a stationary and harmonically pitching wind turbine airfoil at a moderate value of Reynolds number (400000) are carried out by progressively increasing the angle of attack for stationary airfoil and at fixed pitching frequencies for rotary one. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in conjunction with Unsteady Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations for turbulence modeling are solved by OpenFOAM package to investigate the aerodynamic phenomena occurred at stationary and pitching conditions on a NACA 6-series wind turbine airfoil. The aim of this study is to enhance the accuracy of numerical simulation in predicting the aerodynamic behavior of an oscillating airfoil in OpenFOAM. Hence, for turbulence modelling, <em>k-ω-SST</em> with low-Reynolds correction is employed to capture the unsteady phenomena occurred in stationary and oscillating motion of the airfoil. Using aerodynamic and pressure coefficients along with flow patterns, the unsteady aerodynamics at pre-, near-, and post-static stall regions are analyzed in harmonically pitching airfoil, and the results are validated with the corresponding experimental data possessed by the authors. The results indicate that implementing the mentioned turbulence model leads to accurate prediction of the angle of static stall for stationary airfoil and flow separation, dynamic stall phenomenon, and reattachment of the flow on the surface of airfoil for pitching one. Due to the geometry of the studied 6-series airfoil, the vortex on the upper surface of the airfoil during upstrokes is formed at the trailing edge. Therefore, the pattern flow obtained by our numerical simulations represents the formation and change of the trailing-edge vortex at near- and post-stall regions where this process determines the dynamic stall phenomenon. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moderate%20Reynolds%20number" title=" moderate Reynolds number"> moderate Reynolds number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OpenFOAM" title=" OpenFOAM"> OpenFOAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pitching%20oscillation" title=" pitching oscillation"> pitching oscillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20aerodynamics" title=" unsteady aerodynamics"> unsteady aerodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20turbine" title=" wind turbine"> wind turbine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76029/numerical-investigation-of-dynamic-stall-over-a-wind-turbine-pitching-airfoil-by-using-openfoam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12587</span> Hot Corrosion and Oxidation Degradation Mechanism of Turbine Materials in a Water Vapor Environment at a Higher Temperature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mairaj%20Ahmad">Mairaj Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Paglia"> L. Paglia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Marra"> F. Marra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Genova"> V. Genova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Pulci"> G. Pulci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study employed Rene N4 and FSX 414 superalloys, which are used in numerous turbine engine components due of their high strength, outstanding fatigue, creep, thermal, and corrosion-resistant properties. An in-depth examination of corrosion mechanisms with vapor present at high temperature is necessary given the industrial trend toward introducing increasing amounts of hydrogen into combustion chambers in order to boost power generation and minimize pollution in contrast to conventional fuels. These superalloys were oxidized in recent tests for 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 hours at 982±5°C temperatures with a steady airflow at a flow rate of 10L/min and 1.5 bar pressure. These superalloys were also examined for wet corrosion for 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000 hours in a combination of air and water vapor flowing at a 10L/min rate. Weight gain, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to assess the oxidation and heat corrosion resistance capabilities of these alloys before and after 500, 1000, and 2000 hours. The oxidation/corrosion processes that accompany the formation of these oxide scales are shown in the graph of mass gain vs time. In both dry and wet oxidation, oxides like Al2O3, TiO2, NiCo2O4, Ni3Al, Ni3Ti, Cr2O3, MnCr2O4, CoCr2O4, and certain volatile compounds notably CrO2(OH)2, Cr(OH)3, Fe(OH)2, and Si(OH)4 are formed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20corrosion" title="hot corrosion">hot corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidation" title=" oxidation"> oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbine%20materials" title=" turbine materials"> turbine materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20temperature%20corrosion" title=" high temperature corrosion"> high temperature corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20alloys" title=" super alloys"> super alloys</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165692/hot-corrosion-and-oxidation-degradation-mechanism-of-turbine-materials-in-a-water-vapor-environment-at-a-higher-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12586</span> Data Driven Infrastructure Planning for Offshore Wind farms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isha%20Saxena">Isha Saxena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behzad%20Kazemtabrizi"> Behzad Kazemtabrizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthias%20C.%20M.%20Troffaes"> Matthias C. M. Troffaes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Crabtree"> Christopher Crabtree</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The calculations done at the beginning of the life of a wind farm are rarely reliable, which makes it important to conduct research and study the failure and repair rates of the wind turbines under various conditions. This miscalculation happens because the current models make a simplifying assumption that the failure/repair rate remains constant over time. This means that the reliability function is exponential in nature. This research aims to create a more accurate model using sensory data and a data-driven approach. The data cleaning and data processing is done by comparing the Power Curve data of the wind turbines with SCADA data. This is then converted to times to repair and times to failure timeseries data. Several different mathematical functions are fitted to the times to failure and times to repair data of the wind turbine components using Maximum Likelihood Estimation and the Posterior expectation method for Bayesian Parameter Estimation. Initial results indicate that two parameter Weibull function and exponential function produce almost identical results. Further analysis is being done using the complex system analysis considering the failures of each electrical and mechanical component of the wind turbine. The aim of this project is to perform a more accurate reliability analysis that can be helpful for the engineers to schedule maintenance and repairs to decrease the downtime of the turbine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title="reliability">reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bayesian%20parameter%20inference" title=" bayesian parameter inference"> bayesian parameter inference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20likelihood%20estimation" title=" maximum likelihood estimation"> maximum likelihood estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weibull%20function" title=" weibull function"> weibull function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCADA%20data" title=" SCADA data"> SCADA data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172809/data-driven-infrastructure-planning-for-offshore-wind-farms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12585</span> Numerical Analysis of Swirling Chamber Using Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation Turbulence Model </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamad%20M.%20Alhajeri">Hamad M. Alhajeri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Swirling chamber is a promising cooling method for heavily thermally loaded parts like turbine blades due to the additional circumferential velocity and therefore improved turbulent mixing of the fluid. This paper investigates numerically the effect of turbulence model on the heat convection of the swirling chamber. Grid independence analysis is conducted to obtain the proper grid dimension. The work validated with experimental data available in the literature. Flow analysis using improved delayed detached eddy simulation turbulence model and Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes k-ɛ turbulence model is carried. The flow characteristic near the exit is reformed when improved delayed detached eddy simulation model used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20turbine" title="gas turbine">gas turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nusselt%20number" title=" Nusselt number"> Nusselt number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20characteristics" title=" flow characteristics"> flow characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104037/numerical-analysis-of-swirling-chamber-using-improved-delayed-detached-eddy-simulation-turbulence-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12584</span> Numerical Simulation of Two-Dimensional Porous Cylinder Flow in In-Line Arrangement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamad%20Alhajeri">Hamad Alhajeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20Almutairi"> Abdulrahman Almutairi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Alenezi"> A. H. Alenezi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Alhajeri"> M. H. Alhajeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayedh%20Alajmi"> Ayedh Alajmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The flow around three porous cylinders in inline arrangement is investigated in this paper computationally using the commercial code FLUENT. The arrangement generally operates with the dirty gases passing through the porous cylinders, the particulate material being deposited on the outside of the cylinders. However, in a combined cycle power plant, filtration is required to allow the hot exhaust gases to be fed to a turbine without causing any physical damage to the turbine blades. Three cylinder elements are placed in a two-dimensional rectangle duct with fixed face velocity and varying the velocity ratio between the approach and face velocity. Particle trajectories are obtained for a number of particle diameters and different inlet (approach) velocity to face filtration velocity ratios to investigate the behavior of particles around the cylinder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20cylinders" title="porous cylinders">porous cylinders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20flow" title=" fluid flow"> fluid flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtration" title=" filtration"> filtration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82446/numerical-simulation-of-two-dimensional-porous-cylinder-flow-in-in-line-arrangement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12583</span> Feasibility Conditions for Wind and Hydraulic Energy Coupling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonin%20Jolly">Antonin Jolly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bertrand%20Aubry"> Bertrand Aubry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Corentin%20Michel"> Corentin Michel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebecca%20Freva"> Rebecca Freva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wind energy depends on wind strength and varies largely in time. When it is above the demand, it generates a loss while in the opposite case; energy needs are not fully satisfied. To overcome this problem specific to irregular energies, the process of pumped-storage hydroelectricity (PSH) is studied in present paper. A combination of wind turbine and pumped storage system is more predictable and is more compliant to provide electricity supply according to daily demand. PSH system is already used in several countries to accumulate electricity by pumping water during off-peak times into a storage reservoir, and to use it during peak times to produce energy. Present work discusses a feasibility study on size and financial productivity of PSH system actuated with wind turbines specific power. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20turbine" title="wind turbine">wind turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroelectricity" title=" hydroelectricity"> hydroelectricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title=" energy storage"> energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pumped-storage%20hydroelectricity" title=" pumped-storage hydroelectricity"> pumped-storage hydroelectricity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36089/feasibility-conditions-for-wind-and-hydraulic-energy-coupling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12582</span> Influence of Wind Induced Fatigue Damage in the Reliability of Wind Turbines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emilio%20A.%20Berny-Brandt">Emilio A. Berny-Brandt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20E.%20Ruiz"> Sonia E. Ruiz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Steel tubular towers serving as support structures for large wind turbines are subject to several hundred million stress cycles arising from the turbulent nature of the wind. This causes high-cycle fatigue which can govern tower design. The practice of maintaining the support structure after wind turbines reach its typical 20-year design life have become common, but without quantifying the changes in the reliability on the tower. There are several studies on this topic, but most of them are based on the S-N curve approach using the Miner’s rule damage summation method, the de-facto standard in the wind industry. However, the qualitative nature of Miner’s method makes desirable the use of fracture mechanics to measure the effects of fatigue in the capacity curve of the structure, which is important in order to evaluate the integrity and reliability of these towers. Temporal and spatially varying wind speed time histories are simulated based on power spectral density and coherence functions. Simulations are then applied to a SAP2000 finite element model and step-by-step analysis is used to obtain the stress time histories for a range of representative wind speeds expected during service conditions of the wind turbine. Rainflow method is then used to obtain cycle and stress range information of each of these time histories and a statistical analysis is performed to obtain the distribution parameters of each variable. Monte Carlo simulation is used here to evaluate crack growth over time in the tower base using the Paris-Erdogan equation. A nonlinear static pushover analysis to assess the capacity curve of the structure after a number of years is performed. The capacity curves are then used to evaluate the changes in reliability of a steel tower located in Oaxaca, Mexico, where wind energy facilities are expected to grow in the near future. Results show that fatigue on the tower base can have significant effects on the structural capacity of the wind turbine, especially after the 20-year design life when the crack growth curve starts behaving exponentially. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20growth" title="crack growth">crack growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title=" fatigue"> fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20simulation" title=" Monte Carlo simulation"> Monte Carlo simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20reliability" title=" structural reliability"> structural reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20turbines" title=" wind turbines"> wind turbines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22163/influence-of-wind-induced-fatigue-damage-in-the-reliability-of-wind-turbines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12581</span> Development of Portable Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Sustainable Electricity Supply to Rural Communities in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkarim%20Nasir">Abdulkarim Nasir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alhassan%20T.%20Yahaya"> Alhassan T. Yahaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hauwa%20T.%20Abdulkarim"> Hauwa T. Abdulkarim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdussalam%20El-Suleiman"> Abdussalam El-Suleiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yakubu%20K.%20Abubakar"> Yakubu K. Abubakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The need for sustainable and reliable electricity supply in rural communities of Nigeria remains a pressing issue, given the country's vast energy deficit and the significant number of inhabitants lacking access to electricity. This research focuses on the development of a portable hybrid renewable energy system designed to provide a sustainable and efficient electricity supply to these underserved regions. The proposed system integrates multiple renewable energy sources, specifically solar and wind, to harness the abundant natural resources available in Nigeria. The design and development process involves the selection and optimization of components such as photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, energy storage units (batteries), and power management systems. These components are chosen based on their suitability for rural environments, cost-effectiveness, and ease of maintenance. The hybrid system is designed to be portable, allowing for easy transportation and deployment in remote locations with limited infrastructure. Key to the system's effectiveness is its hybrid nature, which ensures continuous power supply by compensating for the intermittent nature of individual renewable sources. Solar energy is harnessed during the day, while wind energy is captured whenever wind conditions are favourable, thus ensuring a more stable and reliable energy output. Energy storage units are critical in this setup, storing excess energy generated during peak production times and supplying power during periods of low renewable generation. These studies include assessing the solar irradiance, wind speed patterns, and energy consumption needs of rural communities. The simulation results inform the optimization of the system's design to maximize energy efficiency and reliability. This paper presents the development and evaluation of a 4 kW standalone hybrid system combining wind and solar power. The portable device measures approximately 8 feet 5 inches in width, 8 inches 4 inches in depth, and around 38 feet in height. It includes four solar panels with a capacity of 120 watts each, a 1.5 kW wind turbine, a solar charge controller, remote power storage, batteries, and battery control mechanisms. Designed to operate independently of the grid, this hybrid device offers versatility for use in highways and various other applications. It also presents a summary and characterization of the device, along with photovoltaic data collected in Nigeria during the month of April. The construction plan for the hybrid energy tower is outlined, which involves combining a vertical-axis wind turbine with solar panels to harness both wind and solar energy. Positioned between the roadway divider and automobiles, the tower takes advantage of the air velocity generated by passing vehicles. The solar panels are strategically mounted to deflect air toward the turbine while generating energy. Generators and gear systems attached to the turbine shaft enable power generation, offering a portable solution to energy challenges in Nigerian communities. The study also addresses the economic feasibility of the system, considering the initial investment costs, maintenance, and potential savings from reduced fossil fuel use. A comparative analysis with traditional energy supply methods highlights the long-term benefits and sustainability of the hybrid system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title="renewable energy">renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20panel" title=" solar panel"> solar panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20turbine" title=" wind turbine"> wind turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20system" title=" hybrid system"> hybrid system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generator" title=" generator"> generator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188274/development-of-portable-hybrid-renewable-energy-system-for-sustainable-electricity-supply-to-rural-communities-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">41</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12580</span> Development of a Numerical Model to Predict Wear in Grouted Connections for Offshore Wind Turbine Generators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Dallyn">Paul Dallyn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20El-Hamalawi"> Ashraf El-Hamalawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandro%20Palmeri"> Alessandro Palmeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bob%20Knight"> Bob Knight</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to better understand the long term implications of the grout wear failure mode in large-diameter plain-sided grouted connections, a numerical model has been developed and calibrated that can take advantage of existing operational plant data to predict the wear accumulation for the actual load conditions experienced over a given period, thus limiting the need for expensive monitoring systems. This model has been derived and calibrated based on site structural condition monitoring (SCM) data and supervisory control and data acquisition systems (SCADA) data for two operational wind turbine generator substructures afflicted with this challenge, along with experimentally derived wear rates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grouted%20connection" title="grouted connection">grouted connection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20model" title=" numerical model"> numerical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offshore%20structure" title=" offshore structure"> offshore structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20energy" title=" wind energy"> wind energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17605/development-of-a-numerical-model-to-predict-wear-in-grouted-connections-for-offshore-wind-turbine-generators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12579</span> Design Optimization of a Micro Compressor for Micro Gas Turbine Using Computational Fluid Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamran%20Siddique">Kamran Siddique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroyuki%20Asada"> Hiroyuki Asada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshifumi%20Ogami"> Yoshifumi Ogami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) as the engine in Unmanned Aerobic Vehicles (UAVs) and power source in Robotics is widespread these days. Research has been conducted in the past decade or so to improve the performance of different components of MGT. This type of engine has interrelated components which have non-linear characteristics. Therefore, the overall engine performance depends on the individual engine element’s performance. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is one of the simulation method tools used to analyze or even optimize MGT system performance. In this study, the compressor of the MGT is designed, and performance optimization is being done using CFD. Performance of the micro compressor is improved in order to increase the overall performance of MGT. A high value of pressure ratio is to be achieved by studying the effect of change of different operating parameters like mass flow rate and revolutions per minute (RPM) and aerodynamical and geometrical parameters on the pressure ratio of the compressor. Two types of compressor designs are considered in this study; 3D centrifugal and ‘planar’ designs. For a 10 mm impeller, the planar model is the simplest compressor model with the ease in manufacturability. On the other hand, 3D centrifugal model, although more efficient, is very difficult to manufacture using current microfabrication resources. Therefore, the planar model is the best-suited model for a micro compressor. So. a planar micro compressor has been designed that has a good pressure ratio, and it is easy to manufacture using current microfabrication technologies. Future work is to fabricate the compressor to get experimental results and validate the theoretical model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfabrication" title=" microfabrication"> microfabrication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unmanned%20aerobic%20vehicles" title=" unmanned aerobic vehicles "> unmanned aerobic vehicles </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107486/design-optimization-of-a-micro-compressor-for-micro-gas-turbine-using-computational-fluid-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12578</span> Transient Level in the Surge Chamber at the Robert-bourassa Generating Station</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Kamali%20Nezhad">Maryam Kamali Nezhad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Robert-Bourassa development (LG-2), the first to be built on the Grande Rivière, comprises two sets of eight turbines- generator units each, the East and West powerhouses. Each powerhouse has two tailrace tunnels with an average length of about 1178 m. The LG-2A powerhouse houses 6 turbine-generator units. The water is discharged through two tailrace tunnels with a length of about 1330 m. The objective of this work, at RB (LG-2), is; 1) to establish a new maximum transient level in the surge chamber, 2) to define the new maximum equipment flow rate for the future turbine-generator units, 3) to ensure safe access to various intervention locations in the surge chamber. The transient levels under normal operating conditions at the RB plant were determined in 2001 by the Hydraulics Unit of HQE using the "Chamber" software. It is a one-dimensional mass oscillation calculation software; it is used to determine the variation of the water level in the equilibrium chamber located downstream of a power plant during the load shedding of the power plant units; it can also be used in the case of an equilibrium stack upstream of a power plant. The RB (LG-2) plant study is based on the theoretical nominal geometry of the chamber and the tailrace tunnels and the flow-level relationship at the outlet of the galleries established during design. The software is used in such a way that the results have an acceptable margin of safety, especially with respect to the maximum transient level (e.g., resumption of flow at an inopportune time), to take into account the turbulent and three-dimensional aspects of the actual flow in the chamber. Note that the transient levels depend on the water levels in the river and in the steady-state equilibrium chambers. These data are established in the HQP CRP database and updated from time to time. The maximum transient levels in the RB-East and RB-West powerhouses surge chamber were revised based on the latest update (set 4) of in-river rating curves and steady-state surge chamber water levels. The results of the revision were also used to update the technical advice on the operating conditions for the aforementioned surge chamber access while considering revisions to the calculated water levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generating%20station" title="generating station">generating station</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surge%20chamber" title=" surge chamber"> surge chamber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20transient%20level" title=" maximum transient level"> maximum transient level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroelectric%20power%20station" title=" hydroelectric power station"> hydroelectric power station</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbine-generator" title=" turbine-generator"> turbine-generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reservoir" title=" reservoir"> reservoir</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162729/transient-level-in-the-surge-chamber-at-the-robert-bourassa-generating-station" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12577</span> Application of Matrix Converter for the Power Control of a DFIG-Based Wind Turbine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Bounadja">E. Bounadja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20O.%20Mahmoudi"> M. O. Mahmoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Djahbar"> A. Djahbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Boudjema"> Z. Boudjema</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a control approach of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in conjunction with a direct AC-AC matrix converter used in generating mode. This device is intended to be implemented in a variable speed wind energy conversion system connected to the grid. Firstly, we developed a model of matrix converter, controlled by the Venturini modulation technique. In order to control the power exchanged between the stator of the DFIG and the grid, a control law is synthesized using a high order sliding mode controller. The use of this method provides very satisfactory performance for the DFIG control. The overall strategy has been validated on a 2-MW wind turbine driven a DFIG using the Matlab/Simulink. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doubly%20fed%20induction%20generator%20%28DFIG%29" title="doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)">doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20converter" title=" matrix converter"> matrix converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-order%20sliding%20mode%20controller" title=" high-order sliding mode controller"> high-order sliding mode controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20energy" title=" wind energy"> wind energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35979/application-of-matrix-converter-for-the-power-control-of-a-dfig-based-wind-turbine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35979.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12576</span> Multi-Objective Optimization of Run-of-River Small-Hydropower Plants Considering Both Investment Cost and Annual Energy Generation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Am%C3%A8d%C3%A9djihund%C3%A9%20H.%20J.%20Hounnou">Amèdédjihundé H. J. Hounnou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric%20Dubas"> Frédéric Dubas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier%20Fifatin"> François-Xavier Fifatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Didier%20Chamagne"> Didier Chamagne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antoine%20Vianou"> Antoine Vianou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the techno-economic evaluation of run-of-river small-hydropower plants. In this regard, a multi-objective optimization procedure is proposed for the optimal sizing of the hydropower plants, and NSGAII is employed as the optimization algorithm. Annual generated energy and investment cost are considered as the objective functions, and number of generator units (<em>n</em>) and nominal turbine flow rate (<em>Q<sub>T</sub></em>) constitute the decision variables. Site of Yeripao in Benin is considered as the case study. We have categorized the river of this site using its environmental characteristics: gross head, and first quartile, median, third quartile and mean of flow. Effects of each decision variable on the objective functions are analysed. The results gave Pareto Front which represents the trade-offs between annual energy generation and the investment cost of hydropower plants, as well as the recommended optimal solutions. We noted that with the increase of the annual energy generation, the investment cost rises. Thus, maximizing energy generation is contradictory with minimizing the investment cost. Moreover, we have noted that the solutions of Pareto Front are grouped according to the number of generator units (<em>n)</em>. The results also illustrate that the costs per kWh are grouped according to the <em>n</em> and rise with the increase of the nominal turbine flow rate. The lowest investment costs per kWh are obtained for <em>n</em> equal to one and are between 0.065 and 0.180 €/kWh. Following the values of n (equal to 1, 2, 3 or 4), the investment cost and investment cost per kWh increase almost linearly with increasing the nominal turbine flowrate while annual generated. Energy increases logarithmically with increasing of the nominal turbine flowrate. This study made for the Yeripao river can be applied to other rivers with their own characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydropower%20plant" title="hydropower plant">hydropower plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investment%20cost" title=" investment cost"> investment cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective%20optimization" title=" multi-objective optimization"> multi-objective optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=number%20of%20generator%20units" title=" number of generator units"> number of generator units</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103977/multi-objective-optimization-of-run-of-river-small-hydropower-plants-considering-both-investment-cost-and-annual-energy-generation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103977.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12575</span> Performance Improvement of a Single-Flash Geothermal Power Plant Design in Iran: Combining with Gas Turbines and CHP Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Sharifhasan">Morteza Sharifhasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davoud%20Hosseini"> Davoud Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad.%20R.%20Salimpour"> Mohammad. R. Salimpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The geothermal energy is considered as a worldwide important renewable energy in recent years due to rising environmental pollution concerns. Low- and medium-grade geothermal heat (< 200 ºC) is commonly employed for space heating and in domestic hot water supply. However, there is also much interest in converting the abundant low- and medium-grade geothermal heat into electrical power. The Iranian Ministry of Power - through the Iran Renewable Energy Organization (SUNA) – is going to build the first Geothermal Power Plant (GPP) in Iran in the Sabalan area in the Northwest of Iran. This project is a 5.5 MWe single flash steam condensing power plant. The efficiency of GPPs is low due to the relatively low pressure and temperature of the saturated steam. In addition to GPPs, Gas Turbines (GTs) are also known by their relatively low efficiency. The Iran ministry of Power is trying to increase the efficiency of these GTs by adding bottoming steam cycles to the GT to form what is known as combined gas/steam cycle. One of the most effective methods for increasing the efficiency is combined heat and power (CHP). This paper investigates the feasibility of superheating the saturated steam that enters the steam turbine of the Sabalan GPP (SGPP-1) to improve the energy efficiency and power output of the GPP. This purpose is achieved by combining the GPP with two 3.5 MWe GTs. In this method, the hot gases leaving GTs are utilized through a superheater similar to that used in the heat recovery steam generator of combined gas/steam cycle. Moreover, brine separated in the separator, hot gases leaving GTs and superheater are used for the supply of domestic hot water (in this paper, the cycle combined of GTs and CHP systems is named the modified SGPP-1) . In this research, based on the Heat Balance presented in the basic design documents of the SGPP-1, mathematical/numerical model of the power plant are developed together with the mentioned GTs and CHP systems. Based on the required hot water, the amount of hot gasses needed to pass through CHP section directly can be adjusted. For example, during summer when hot water is less required, the hot gases leaving both GTs pass through the superheater and CHP systems respectively. On the contrary, in order to supply the required hot water during the winter, the hot gases of one of the GTs enter the CHP section directly, without passing through the super heater section. The results show that there is an increase in thermal efficiency up to 40% through using the modified SGPP-1. Since the gross efficiency of SGPP-1 is 9.6%, the achieved increase in thermal efficiency is significant. The power output of SGPP-1 is increased up to 40% in summer (from 5.5MW to 7.7 MW) while the GTs power output remains almost unchanged. Meanwhile, the combined-cycle power output increases from the power output of the two separate plants of 12.5 MW [5.5+ (2×3.5)] to the combined-cycle power output of 14.7 [7.7+(2×3.5)]. This output is more than 17% above the output of the two separate plants. The modified SGPP-1 is capable of producing 215 T/Hr hot water ( 90 ºC ) for domestic use in the winter months. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combined%20cycle" title="combined cycle">combined cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chp" title=" chp"> chp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20turbine" title=" gas turbine"> gas turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20power%20plant" title=" geothermal power plant"> geothermal power plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20turbine" title=" gas turbine"> gas turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20output" title=" power output"> power output</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36857/performance-improvement-of-a-single-flash-geothermal-power-plant-design-in-iran-combining-with-gas-turbines-and-chp-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12574</span> Artificial Intelligence Protecting Birds against Collisions with Wind Turbines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandra%20Szurlej-Kielanska">Aleksandra Szurlej-Kielanska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucyna%20Pilacka"> Lucyna Pilacka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dariusz%20G%C3%B3recki"> Dariusz Górecki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dynamic development of wind energy requires the simultaneous implementation of effective systems minimizing the risk of collisions between birds and wind turbines. Wind turbines are installed in more and more challenging locations, often close to the natural environment of birds. More and more countries and organizations are defining guidelines for the necessary functionality of such systems. The minimum bird detection distance, trajectory tracking, and shutdown time are key factors in eliminating collisions. Since 2020, we have continued the survey on the validation of the subsequent version of the BPS detection and reaction system. Bird protection system (BPS) is a fully automatic camera system which allows one to estimate the distance of the bird to the turbine, classify its size and autonomously undertake various actions depending on the bird's distance and flight path. The BPS was installed and tested in a real environment at a wind turbine in northern Poland and Central Spain. The performed validation showed that at a distance of up to 300 m, the BPS performs at least as well as a skilled ornithologist, and large bird species are successfully detected from over 600 m. In addition, data collected by BPS systems installed in Spain showed that 60% of the detections of all birds of prey were from individuals approaching the turbine, and these detections meet the turbine shutdown criteria. Less than 40% of the detections of birds of prey took place at wind speeds below 2 m/s while the turbines were not working. As shown by the analysis of the data collected by the system over 12 months, the system classified the improved size of birds with a wingspan of more than 1.1 m in 90% and the size of birds with a wingspan of 0.7 - 1 m in 80% of cases. The collected data also allow the conclusion that some species keep a certain distance from the turbines at a wind speed of over 8 m/s (Aquila sp., Buteo sp., Gyps sp.), but Gyps sp. and Milvus sp. remained active at this wind speed on the tested area. The data collected so far indicate that BPS is effective in detecting and stopping wind turbines in response to the presence of birds of prey with a wingspan of more than 1 m. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protecting%20birds" title="protecting birds">protecting birds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=birds%20monitoring" title=" birds monitoring"> birds monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20farms" title=" wind farms"> wind farms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20energy" title=" green energy"> green energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162657/artificial-intelligence-protecting-birds-against-collisions-with-wind-turbines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162657.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12573</span> Compact LWIR Borescope Sensor for Surface Temperature of Engine Components</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Zhang">Andy Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awnik%20Roy"> Awnik Roy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trevor%20B.%20Chen"> Trevor B. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bibik%20Oleksandr"> Bibik Oleksandr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subodh%20Adhikari"> Subodh Adhikari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20S.%20Hsu"> Paul S. Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The durability of a combustor in gas-turbine enginesrequiresa good control of its component temperatures. Since the temperature of combustion gases frequently exceeds the melting point of the combustion liner walls, an efficient air-cooling system is significantly important to elongatethe lifetime of liner walls. To determine the effectiveness of the air-cooling system, accurate 2D surface temperature measurement of combustor liner walls is crucial for advanced engine development. Traditional diagnostic techniques for temperature measurement, such as thermocouples, thermal wall paints, pyrometry, and phosphors, have shown disadvantages, including being intrusive and affecting local flame/flow dynamics, potential flame quenching, and physical damages to instrumentation due to harsh environments inside the combustor and strong optical interference from strong combustion emission in UV-Mid IR wavelength. To overcome these drawbacks, a compact and small borescope long-wave-infrared (LWIR) sensor is developed to achieve two-dimensional high-spatial resolution, high-fidelity thermal imaging of 2D surface temperature in gas-turbine engines, providing the desired engine component temperature distribution. The compactLWIRborescope sensor makes it feasible to promote the durability of combustor in gas-turbine engines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=borescope" title="borescope">borescope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine" title=" engine"> engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-wave-infrared" title=" long-wave-infrared"> long-wave-infrared</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155114/compact-lwir-borescope-sensor-for-surface-temperature-of-engine-components" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155114.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12572</span> Model Organic Ranikin Cycle Power Plant for Waste Heat Recovery in Olkaria-I Geothermal Power Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haile%20Araya%20Nigusse">Haile Araya Nigusse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiram%20M.%20Ndiritu"> Hiram M. Ndiritu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Kiplimo"> Robert Kiplimo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy consumption is an indispensable component for the continued development of the human population. The global energy demand increases with development and population rise. The increase in energy demand, high cost of fossil fuels and the link between energy utilization and environmental impacts have resulted in the need for a sustainable approach to the utilization of the low grade energy resources. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power plant is an advantageous technology that can be applied in generation of power from low temperature brine of geothermal reservoirs. The power plant utilizes a low boiling organic working fluid such as a refrigerant or a hydrocarbon. Researches indicated that the performance of ORC power plant is highly dependent upon factors such as proper organic working fluid selection, types of heat exchangers (condenser and evaporator) and turbine used. Despite a high pressure drop, shell-tube heat exchangers have satisfactory performance for ORC power plants. This study involved the design, fabrication and performance assessment of the components of a model Organic Rankine Cycle power plant to utilize the low grade geothermal brine. Two shell and tube heat exchangers (evaporator and condenser) and a single stage impulse turbine have been designed, fabricated and the performance assessment of each component has been conducted. Pentane was used as a working fluid and hot water simulating the geothermal brine. The results of the experiment indicated that the increase in mass flow rate of hot water by 0.08 kg/s caused a rise in overall heat transfer coefficient of the evaporator by 17.33% and the heat transferred was increased by 6.74%. In the condenser, the increase of cooling water flow rate from 0.15 kg/s to 0.35 kg/s increased the overall heat transfer coefficient by 1.21% and heat transferred was increased by 4.26%. The shaft speed varied from 1585 to 4590 rpm as inlet pressure was varied from 0.5 to 5.0 bar and power generated was varying from 4.34 to 14.46W. The results of the experiments indicated that the performance of each component of the model Organic Rankine Cycle power plant operating at low temperature heat resources was satisfactory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brine" title="brine">brine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchanger" title=" heat exchanger"> heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ORC" title=" ORC"> ORC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbine" title=" turbine"> turbine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26578/model-organic-ranikin-cycle-power-plant-for-waste-heat-recovery-in-olkaria-i-geothermal-power-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">649</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12571</span> Analysis of Weld Crack of Main Steam Governing Valve Steam Turbine Case </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarakorn%20Sukaviriya">Sarakorn Sukaviriya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the inspection procedure, root cause analysis, the rectification of crack, and how to apply the procedure with other similar plants. During the operation of the steam turbine (620MW), instruments such as speed sensor of steam turbine, the servo valve of main stop valve and electrical wires were malfunction caused by leakage steam from main steam governing valve. Therefore, the power plant decided to shutdown steam turbines for figuring out the cause of leakage steam. Inspection techniques to be applied in this problem were microstructure testing (SEM), pipe stress analysis (FEM) and non-destructive testing. The crack was initially found on main governing valve’s weldment by visual inspection. To analyze more precisely, pipe stress analysis and microstructure testing were applied and results indicated that the crack was intergranular and originated from the weld defect. This weld defect caused the notch with high-stress concentration which created crack and then propagated to steam leakage. The major root cause of this problem was an inappropriate welding process, which created a weld defect. To repair this joint from damage, we used a welding technique by producing refinement of coarse grain HAZ and eliminating stress concentration. After the weldment was completely repaired, other adjacent weldments still had risk. Hence, to prevent any future cracks, non-destructive testing (NDT) shall be applied to all joints in order to ensure that there will be no indication of crack. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam-pipe%20leakage" title="steam-pipe leakage">steam-pipe leakage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20leakage" title=" steam leakage"> steam leakage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weld%20crack%20analysis" title=" weld crack analysis"> weld crack analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weld%20defect" title=" weld defect"> weld defect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116436/analysis-of-weld-crack-of-main-steam-governing-valve-steam-turbine-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12570</span> Assessment of the Effect of Wind Turbulence on the Aero-Hydrodynamic Behavior of Offshore Wind Turbines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Dezvareh">Reza Dezvareh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to investigate the amount of wind turbulence on the aero hydrodynamic behavior of offshore wind turbines with a monopile holder platform. Since in the sea, the wind turbine structures are under water and structures interactions, the dynamic analysis has been conducted under combined wind and wave loading. The offshore wind turbines have been investigated undertow models of normal and severe wind turbulence, and the results of this study show that the amplitude of fluctuation of dynamic response of structures including thrust force and base shear force of structures is increased with increasing the amount of wind turbulence, and this increase is not necessarily observed in the mean values of responses. Therefore, conducting the dynamic analysis is inevitable in order to observe the effect of wind turbulence on the structures' response. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offshore%20wind%20turbine" title="offshore wind turbine">offshore wind turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20turbulence" title=" wind turbulence"> wind turbulence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20vibration" title=" structural vibration"> structural vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aero-hydro%20dynamic" title=" aero-hydro dynamic"> aero-hydro dynamic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82641/assessment-of-the-effect-of-wind-turbulence-on-the-aero-hydrodynamic-behavior-of-offshore-wind-turbines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12569</span> Construction Port Requirements for Floating Wind Turbines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alan%20Crowle">Alan Crowle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philpp%20Thies"> Philpp Thies</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the floating offshore wind turbine industry continues to develop and grow, the capabilities of established port facilities need to be assessed as to their ability to support the expanding construction and installation requirements. This paper assesses current infrastructure requirements and projected changes to port facilities that may be required to support the floating offshore wind industry. Understanding the infrastructure needs of the floating offshore renewable industry will help to identify the port-related requirements. Floating Offshore Wind Turbines can be installed further out to sea and in deeper waters than traditional fixed offshore wind arrays, meaning that it can take advantage of stronger winds. Separate ports are required for substructure construction, fit-out of the turbines, moorings, subsea cables and maintenance. Large areas are required for the laydown of mooring equipment; inter-array cables, turbine blades and nacelles. The capabilities of established port facilities to support floating wind farms are assessed by evaluation of the size of substructures, the height of wind turbine with regards to the cranes for fitting of blades, distance to offshore site and offshore installation vessel characteristics. The paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using large land-based cranes, inshore floating crane vessels or offshore crane vessels at the fit-out port for the installation of the turbine. Water depths requirements for import of materials and export of the completed structures will be considered. There are additional costs associated with any emerging technology. However part of the popularity of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines stems from the cost savings against permanent structures like fixed wind turbines. Floating Offshore Wind Turbine developers can benefit from lighter, more cost-effective equipment which can be assembled in port and towed to the site rather than relying on large, expensive installation vessels to transport and erect fixed bottom turbines. The ability to assemble Floating Offshore Wind Turbines equipment onshore means minimizing highly weather-dependent operations like offshore heavy lifts and assembly, saving time and costs and reducing safety risks for offshore workers. Maintenance might take place in safer onshore conditions for barges and semi-submersibles. Offshore renewables, such as floating wind, can take advantage of this wealth of experience, while oil and gas operators can deploy this experience at the same time as entering the renewables space The floating offshore wind industry is in the early stages of development and port facilities are required for substructure fabrication, turbine manufacture, turbine construction and maintenance support. The paper discusses the potential floating wind substructures as this provides a snapshot of the requirements at the present time, and potential technological developments required for commercial development. Scaling effects of demonstration-scale projects will be addressed, however, the primary focus will be on commercial-scale (30+ units) device floating wind energy farms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floating%20wind" title="floating wind">floating wind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=port" title=" port"> port</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20construction" title=" marine construction"> marine construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offshore%20renewables" title=" offshore renewables"> offshore renewables</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138935/construction-port-requirements-for-floating-wind-turbines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12568</span> Dynamics Behavior of DFIG Wind Energy Conversion System Incase Dip Voltage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Zerzouri">N. Zerzouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Benalia"> N. Benalia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Bensiali"> N. Bensiali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During recent years wind turbine technology has undergone rapid developments. Growth in size and the optimization of wind turbines has enabled wind energy to become increasingly competitive with conventional energy sources. As a result today’s wind turbines participate actively in the power production of several countries around the world. These developments raise a number of challenges to be dealt with now and in the future. The penetration of wind energy in the grid raises questions about the compatibility of the wind turbine power production with the grid. In particular, the contribution to grid stability, power quality and behavior during fault situations plays therefore as important a role as the reliability. In the present work, we addressed two fault situations that have shown their influence on the generator and the behavior of the wind over the defects which are briefly discussed based on simulation results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doubly%20fed%20induction%20generator%20%28DFIG%29" title="doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)">doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20energy" title=" wind energy"> wind energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grid%20fault" title=" grid fault"> grid fault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20engineering" title=" electrical engineering"> electrical engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21562/dynamics-behavior-of-dfig-wind-energy-conversion-system-incase-dip-voltage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21562.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">471</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12567</span> Effect of Fuel Type on Design Parameters and Atomization Process for Pressure Swirl Atomizer and Dual Orifice Atomizer for High Bypass Turbofan Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20K.%20Khalil">Mohamed K. Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20S.%20Ragab"> Mohamed S. Ragab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Atomizers are used in many engineering applications including diesel engines, petrol engines and spray combustion in furnaces as well as gas turbine engines. These atomizers are used to increase the specific surface area of the fuel, which achieve a high rate of fuel mixing and evaporation. In all combustion systems reduction in mean drop size is a challenge which has many advantages since it leads to rapid and easier ignition, higher volumetric heat release rate, wider burning range and lower exhaust concentrations of the pollutant emissions. Pressure atomizers have a different configuration for design such as swirl atomizer (simplex), dual orifice, spill return, plain orifice, duplex and fan spray. Simplex pressure atomizers are the most common type of all. Among all types of atomizers, pressure swirl types resemble a special category since they differ in quality of atomization, the reliability of operation, simplicity of construction and low expenditure of energy. But, the disadvantages of these atomizers are that they require very high injection pressure and have low discharge coefficient owing to the fact that the air core covers the majority of the atomizer orifice. To overcome these problems, dual orifice atomizer was designed. This paper proposes a detailed mathematical model design procedure for both pressure swirl atomizer (Simplex) and dual orifice atomizer, examines the effects of varying fuel type and makes a clear comparison between the two types. Using five types of fuel (JP-5, JA1, JP-4, Diesel and Bio-Diesel) as a case study, reveal the effect of changing fuel type and its properties on atomizers design and spray characteristics. Which effect on combustion process parameters; Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD), spray cone angle and sheet thickness with varying the discharge coefficient from 0.27 to 0.35 during takeoff for high bypass turbofan engines. The spray atomizer performance of the pressure swirl fuel injector was compared to the dual orifice fuel injector at the same differential pressure and discharge coefficient using Excel. The results are analyzed and handled to form the final reliability results for fuel injectors in high bypass turbofan engines. The results show that the Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) in dual orifice atomizer is larger than Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) in pressure swirl atomizer, the film thickness (h) in dual orifice atomizer is less than the film thickness (h) in pressure swirl atomizer. The Spray Cone Angle (α) in pressure swirl atomizer is larger than Spray Cone Angle (α) in dual orifice atomizer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20turbine%20engines" title="gas turbine engines">gas turbine engines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomization%20process" title=" atomization process"> atomization process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sauter%20mean%20diameter" title=" Sauter mean diameter"> Sauter mean diameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=JP-5" title=" JP-5"> JP-5</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94962/effect-of-fuel-type-on-design-parameters-and-atomization-process-for-pressure-swirl-atomizer-and-dual-orifice-atomizer-for-high-bypass-turbofan-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12566</span> Optimization Techniques of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Controller Design for Reliability Enhancement of Wind Energy Conversion Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Om%20Prakash%20Bharti">Om Prakash Bharti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aanchal%20Verma"> Aanchal Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Saket"> R. K. Saket</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is suggested for Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) to extract wind power. DFIG is preferably employed due to its robustness towards variable wind and rotor speed. DFIG has the adaptable property because the system parameters are smoothly dealt with, including real power, reactive power, DC-link voltage, and the transient and dynamic responses, which are needed to analyze constantly. The analysis becomes more prominent during any unusual condition in the electrical power system. Hence, the study and improvement in the system parameters and transient response performance of DFIG are required to be accomplished using some controlling techniques. For fulfilling the task, the present work implements and compares the optimization methods for the design of the DFIG controller for WECS. The bio-inspired optimization techniques are applied to get the optimal controller design parameters for DFIG-based WECS. The optimized DFIG controllers are then used to retrieve the transient response performance of the six-order DFIG model with a step input. The results using MATLAB/Simulink show the betterment of the Firefly algorithm (FFA) over other control techniques when compared with the other controller design methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doubly-fed%20induction%20generator" title="doubly-fed induction generator">doubly-fed induction generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20turbine" title=" wind turbine"> wind turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20energy%20conversion%20system" title=" wind energy conversion system"> wind energy conversion system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction%20generator" title=" induction generator"> induction generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer%20function" title=" transfer function"> transfer function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportional" title=" proportional"> proportional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral" title=" integral"> integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=derivatives" title=" derivatives"> derivatives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157706/optimization-techniques-of-doubly-fed-induction-generator-controller-design-for-reliability-enhancement-of-wind-energy-conversion-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12565</span> Comparison of DPC and FOC Vector Control Strategies on Reducing Harmonics Caused by Nonlinear Load in the DFIG Wind Turbine </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Havasi">Hamid Havasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Reza%20Gholami%20Dehbalaei"> Mohamad Reza Gholami Dehbalaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Khorami"> Hamed Khorami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahram%20Karimi"> Shahram Karimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamdi%20Abdi"> Hamdi Abdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) equipped with a power converter is an efficient tool for converting mechanical energy of a variable speed system to a fixed-frequency electrical grid. Since electrical energy sources faces with production problems such as harmonics caused by nonlinear loads, so in this paper, compensation performance of DPC and FOC method on harmonics reduction of a DFIG wind turbine connected to a nonlinear load in MATLAB Simulink model has been simulated and effect of each method on nonlinear load harmonic elimination has been compared. Results of the two mentioned control methods shows the advantage of the FOC method on DPC method for harmonic compensation. Also, the fifth and seventh harmonic components of the network and THD greatly reduced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFIG%20machine" title="DFIG machine">DFIG machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20conversion" title=" energy conversion"> energy conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20load" title=" nonlinear load"> nonlinear load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=THD" title=" THD"> THD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPC" title=" DPC"> DPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FOC" title=" FOC"> FOC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15405/comparison-of-dpc-and-foc-vector-control-strategies-on-reducing-harmonics-caused-by-nonlinear-load-in-the-dfig-wind-turbine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">589</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12564</span> Hot Corrosion Behavior of Calcium Zirconate Modified YSZ Coatings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveed%20Ejaz">Naveed Ejaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liaqat%20Ali"> Liaqat Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amer%20Nusair"> Amer Nusair</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) serve as thermal barriers against the high temperature of the hot regions of the aircraft turbine engines keeping the surface of the turbine blades, vanes and combustion chamber at comparatively lower temperature. The life of these coatings depends on many in-service environmental factors. Among these factors, the behavior of the bond coat as well as the top coat at high temperature aggravated by the corrosive environments having S, V, Na and Cl plays a key role. The incorporation of the 5-15% CaZrO3 in YSZ coatings was studied after hot corrosion in vanadium oxide environment. It was observed that the reactivity of the V gradually switched from Y to Ca making CaV2O4 instead of YVO4; the percentage of CaV2O4 increased with the increase of CaZrO3 in YSZ. It eventually prevented leaching out of the Y from YSZ leaving the YSZ without any harmful phase change. The thermal insulation was found to be improved in case of CaZrO3 incorporated YSZ coatings as compared to only YSZ coating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20corrosion" title="hot corrosion">hot corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20barrier%20coatings" title=" thermal barrier coatings"> thermal barrier coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yttria%20stabilized%20zirconia" title=" yttria stabilized zirconia"> yttria stabilized zirconia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20zirconate" title=" calcium zirconate"> calcium zirconate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35456/hot-corrosion-behavior-of-calcium-zirconate-modified-ysz-coatings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12563</span> Shape Optimization of a Hole for Water Jetting in a Spudcan for a Jack-Up Rig</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20Ik%20Park">Han Ik Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong%20Hyeon%20Seong"> Jeong Hyeon Seong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Seop%20Han"> Dong Seop Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Su-Chul%20Shin"> Su-Chul Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Chul%20Park"> Young Chul Park </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A Spudcan is mounted on the lower leg of the jack-up rig, a device for preventing a rollover of a structure and to support the structure in a stable sea floor. At the time of inserting the surface of the spud can to penetrate when the sand layer is stable and smoothly pulled to the clay layer, and at that time of recovery when uploading the spud can is equipped with a water injection device. In this study, it is significant to optimize the shape of pipelines holes for water injection device and it was set in two kinds of shape, the oval and round. Interpretation of the subject into the site of Gulf of Mexico offshore Wind Turbine Installation Vessels (WTIV)was chosen as a target platform. Using the ANSYS Workbench commercial programs, optimal design was conducted. The results of this study can be applied to the hole-shaped design of various marine structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kriging%20method" title="kriging method">kriging method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jack-up%20rig" title=" jack-up rig"> jack-up rig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape%20optimization" title=" shape optimization"> shape optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spudcan" title=" spudcan "> spudcan </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31207/shape-optimization-of-a-hole-for-water-jetting-in-a-spudcan-for-a-jack-up-rig" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31207.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12562</span> Design-Analysis and Optimization of 10 MW Permanent Magnet Surface Mounted Off-Shore Wind Generator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamidi%20Ramakrishna%20Rao">Mamidi Ramakrishna Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jagdish%20Mamidi"> Jagdish Mamidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With advancing technology, the market environment for wind power generation systems has become highly competitive. The industry has been moving towards higher wind generator power ratings, in particular, off-shore generator ratings. Current off-shore wind turbine generators are in the power range of 10 to 12 MW. Unlike traditional induction motors, slow-speed permanent magnet surface mounted (PMSM) high-power generators are relatively challenging and designed differently. In this paper, PMSM generator design features have been discussed and analysed. The focus attention is on armature windings, harmonics, and permanent magnet. For the power ratings under consideration, the generator air-gap diameters are in the range of 8 to 10 meters, and active material weigh ~60 tons and above. Therefore, material weight becomes one of the critical parameters. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is used for weight reduction and performance improvement. Four independent variables have been considered, which are air gap diameter, stack length, magnet thickness, and winding current density. To account for core and teeth saturation, preventing demagnetization effects due to short circuit armature currents, and maintaining minimum efficiency, suitable penalty functions have been applied. To check for performance satisfaction, a detailed analysis and 2D flux plotting are done for the optimized design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offshore%20wind%20generator" title="offshore wind generator">offshore wind generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMSM" title=" PMSM"> PMSM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSO%20optimization" title=" PSO optimization"> PSO optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20optimization" title=" design optimization"> design optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113747/design-analysis-and-optimization-of-10-mw-permanent-magnet-surface-mounted-off-shore-wind-generator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12561</span> Identification of Key Parameters for Benchmarking of Combined Cycle Power Plants Retrofit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sabzchi%20Asl">S. Sabzchi Asl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Tahouni"> N. Tahouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Panjeshahi"> M. H. Panjeshahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Benchmarking of a process with respect to energy consumption, without accomplishing a full retrofit study, can save both engineering time and money. In order to achieve this goal, the first step is to develop a conceptual-mathematical model that can easily be applied to a group of similar processes. In this research, we have aimed to identify a set of key parameters for the model which is supposed to be used for benchmarking of combined cycle power plants. For this purpose, three similar combined cycle power plants were studied. The results showed that ambient temperature, pressure and relative humidity, number of HRSG evaporator pressure levels and relative power in part load operation are the main key parameters. Also, the relationships between these parameters and produced power (by gas/ steam turbine), gas turbine and plant efficiency, temperature and mass flow rate of the stack flue gas were investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combined%20cycle%20power%20plant" title="combined cycle power plant">combined cycle power plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20benchmarking" title=" energy benchmarking"> energy benchmarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retrofit" title=" retrofit"> retrofit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43201/identification-of-key-parameters-for-benchmarking-of-combined-cycle-power-plants-retrofit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbine%20design&page=9" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbine%20design&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbine%20design&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbine%20design&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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