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</header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button 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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-大事记" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#大事记"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>大事记</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-大事记-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-私有化进程" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#私有化进程"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>私有化进程</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-私有化进程-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-基建分离和运营" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#基建分离和运营"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>基建分离和运营</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-基建分离和运营-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-组织" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#组织"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>组织</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-组织-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关组织子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-组织-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-业务部门" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#业务部门"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>业务部门</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-业务部门-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-客运" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#客运"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>客运</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-客运-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-货运及物流" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#货运及物流"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>货运及物流</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-货运及物流-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-基础设施" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#基础设施"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>基础设施</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-基础设施-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-营运数据" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#营运数据"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>营运数据</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-营运数据-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-批评" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#批评"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>批评</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-批评-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关批评子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-批评-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-监听丑闻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#监听丑闻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>监听丑闻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-监听丑闻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-柏林城市快铁的隐患" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#柏林城市快铁的隐患"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>柏林城市快铁的隐患</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-柏林城市快铁的隐患-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-代码共享" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#代码共享"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>代码共享</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-代码共享-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">德国铁路</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。54种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دويتشه بان – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دويتشه بان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دويتشه بان – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دويتشه بان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%86%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دویچه بان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دویچه بان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дойче бан – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дойче бан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8E%D8%AA%DA%86%DB%95_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دوێتچە بان – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دوێتچە بان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%AF_%CE%A3%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Γερμανικοί Σιδηρόδρομοι – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γερμανικοί Σιδηρόδρομοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%86%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دویچه بان – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دویچه بان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%95%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A9%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%90%D7%9F" title="דויטשה באן – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דויטשה באן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84%E9%89%84%E9%81%93" title="ドイツ鉄道 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドイツ鉄道" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC%EC%B2%A0%EB%8F%84" title="독일철도 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="독일철도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societas_Ferriviaria_Germanica" title="Societas Ferriviaria Germanica – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Societas Ferriviaria Germanica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Германски железници – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Германски железници" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BC%C3%BCtsche_Bahn" title="Düütsche Bahn – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Düütsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Немачке железнице – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Немачке железнице" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ด็อยท์เชอบาน – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ด็อยท์เชอบาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%D9%88%D8%A6%DA%86%DB%92_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ڈوئچے بان – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ڈوئچے بان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Deutsche Bahn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width: ;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">德国铁路股份公司</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Deutsche_Bahn_AG-Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Deutsche_Bahn_AG-Logo.svg/120px-Deutsche_Bahn_AG-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Deutsche_Bahn_AG-Logo.svg/180px-Deutsche_Bahn_AG-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Deutsche_Bahn_AG-Logo.svg/240px-Deutsche_Bahn_AG-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">原文名称</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="nickname"><span lang="de">Deutsche Bahn AG</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="Category:公司">公司類型</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%BD%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="股份公司">股份公司</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">公司前身</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="德国联邦铁路">德国联邦铁路</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E8%90%A5%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="德国国营铁路">德国国营铁路</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">成立</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1994年1月1日</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">代表人物</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="">顾儒伯（<span lang="de">Rüdiger Grube</span>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">總部</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97" title="柏林">柏林</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E5%A1%94" title="铁路塔">铁路塔</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">標語口號</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span lang="de">Mobility Networks Logistics</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%9A" title="产业">产业</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" title="运输">运输</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%81" title="物流">物流</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">產品</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E9%81%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="客運">客运</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A7%E8%BF%90" class="mw-redirect" title="货运">货运</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%BB%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="基建">基建</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%9F%E6%A5%AD%E9%A1%8D" title="營業額">營業額</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>563亿<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%85%83" title="欧元">欧元</a>(2022年) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%B6%A6_(%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6)" class="mw-redirect" title="利润 (经济学)">净利润</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>227亿<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%85%83" title="欧元">欧元</a>(2022年) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">所有權者</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国联邦政府</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">員工人數</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>324,136(2022年) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">主要部門</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E7%BA%BF%E8%B7%AF" title="德铁线路">德铁线路</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="德铁网络">德铁网络</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%AF" title="德铁信可">德铁信可</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A7%E8%82%A1%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="控股公司">母公司</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9322?uselang=zh#P749" title="编辑维基数据"><img alt="编辑维基数据" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="子公司">主要子公司</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E6%9C%BA%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%81" title="德铁机动物流">德铁机动物流</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right:0.35em;;">网站</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutschebahn.com/">www<wbr />.deutschebahn<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Verkehrsleistung_Anteil.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Verkehrsleistung_Anteil.png/220px-Verkehrsleistung_Anteil.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Verkehrsleistung_Anteil.png/330px-Verkehrsleistung_Anteil.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Verkehrsleistung_Anteil.png/440px-Verkehrsleistung_Anteil.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="824" /></a><figcaption>德国的客运份额（来源：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E3%80%81%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E5%8F%8A%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="德國聯邦交通、建築及都市事務部">德国联邦交通及住建部</a><sup id="cite_ref-VIZ_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VIZ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhs_Bahn_Verkehrsleistung_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Zhs_Bahn_Verkehrsleistung_2006.jpg/220px-Zhs_Bahn_Verkehrsleistung_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Zhs_Bahn_Verkehrsleistung_2006.jpg/330px-Zhs_Bahn_Verkehrsleistung_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Zhs_Bahn_Verkehrsleistung_2006.jpg/440px-Zhs_Bahn_Verkehrsleistung_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="835" data-file-height="587" /></a><figcaption>德国铁路客运的运输能力（来源：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E3%80%81%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E5%8F%8A%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="德國聯邦交通、建築及都市事務部">德国联邦交通及住建部</a><sup id="cite_ref-VIZ_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VIZ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%B1%80" title="德國聯邦統計局">德国联邦统计局</a>）</figcaption></figure> <p><b>德国铁路股份公司</b>（德語：<span lang="de"><b>Deutsche Bahn AG</b></span>）一般简称为<b>德国铁路</b>或<b>德鐵</b>（<span lang="de"><b>DB</b></span>），是一家<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E9%83%A8" title="總部">总部</a>设于<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97" title="柏林">柏林</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%89" class="mw-redirect" title="國有">国有</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" title="运输">运输</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="公司">公司</a>，于1994年在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B%E7%A6%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="法兰克福">法兰克福</a>创立，由原<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="德国联邦铁路">德国联邦铁路</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E8%90%A5%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="德国国营铁路">德国国营铁路</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B6%E8%B4%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="并购">合并</a>而成。公司重新于2000年迁至柏林，入驻位于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%8C%A8%E5%9D%A6%E5%B9%BF%E5%9C%BA" title="波茨坦广场">波茨坦广场</a>旁新落成的<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E5%A1%94" title="铁路塔">铁路塔</a>。该集团的开发和其它一些中央部门则仍设在法兰克福。目前，它是仅次于<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%82%AE%E6%94%BF" title="德国邮政">德国邮政</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="世界">世界</a>第二大运输企业<sup id="cite_ref-CRI_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRI-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，也是<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>最大的<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E8%BF%90%E8%90%A5%E5%95%86" class="mw-redirect" title="铁路运营商">铁路运营商</a>及铁路基建商。因政府長年對德鐵的投資不足，以致2020年代的列車到站準點率降到50-60%（尚不計誤點6分鐘內與直接取消的班次）而重創德鐵聲譽。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>德国铁路的企业结构为<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E9%87%87%E6%81%A9" title="康采恩">康采恩</a>式，并拥有超过1000家分支机构或<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="子公司">子公司</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。其中在铁路运输行业最著名的有主营客运的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E9%95%BF%E9%80%94%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" title="德铁长途运输">德铁长途运输</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" class="mw-redirect" title="德铁区域运输">德铁区域运输</a>、以及主营货运的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%AF%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="德铁信可铁路">德铁信可铁路</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="德铁网络">德铁网络</a>则作为铁路<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD" title="基础设施">基础设施</a>企业，拥有德国最大的铁路网络。德国铁路近半数的销售收入来自<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="軌道交通">轨道交通</a>业务；另一半则由运输及<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%81" title="物流">物流</a>业务、以及<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" title="服务">服务</a>供应商业务提供。 </p><p>德国铁路股份公司的<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A1%E6%9C%AC" title="股本">股本</a>金额为21.5亿<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%85%83" title="欧元">欧元</a>，其中4.3亿为无面额股份。德国联邦政府拥有其全部的股权<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。由于<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="联邦政府">联邦政府</a>保留了全部股份，因此德国铁路本身不存在<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A" title="商业">商业</a>交易，其商业化操作由国家<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A7%E8%82%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="控股">控股</a>的下属<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="私人公司">私人公司</a>完成。该公司的收入有部分来自于与公营机构的服务合同，以及政府对于维护和扩大基础设施建设的财政补贴。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="发展"><span id=".E5.8F.91.E5.B1.95"></span>发展</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：发展"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ICE_3_Oberhaider-Wald-Tunnel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ICE_3_Oberhaider-Wald-Tunnel.jpg/220px-ICE_3_Oberhaider-Wald-Tunnel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ICE_3_Oberhaider-Wald-Tunnel.jpg/330px-ICE_3_Oberhaider-Wald-Tunnel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ICE_3_Oberhaider-Wald-Tunnel.jpg/440px-ICE_3_Oberhaider-Wald-Tunnel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>运营<a href="/wiki/ICE-3%E5%88%97%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="ICE-3列车">ICE-3列车</a>是德国铁路的地位象征</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DB_185_001-5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/DB_185_001-5.jpg/220px-DB_185_001-5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/DB_185_001-5.jpg/330px-DB_185_001-5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/DB_185_001-5.jpg/440px-DB_185_001-5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3281" data-file-height="2158" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF185%E5%9E%8B%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B%E6%9C%BA%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="德国铁路185型电力机车">185型机车</a>是德国为数最多的<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E6%9C%BA%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="铁路机车">铁路机车</a>，德铁拥有约400台</figcaption></figure> <p>回顾1990年代初期，作为德国国铁的德国联邦铁路所经营的铁路在交通运输市场的份额于过去十年中不断减少，与此同时，<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8" title="道路運輸">道路运输</a>的比重则获得持续增长。在此形势下，政府要求铁路必须再次夺回市场份额。然而，由国家<a href="/wiki/%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="垄断">垄断</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="国铁">国铁</a>效率低下，铁路当局无法适应日益<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="国际化">国际化</a>的交通需求，而不同国家的铁路标准也限制了铁路运输的发展。随着<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%93" title="欧洲共同体">欧洲共同体</a>在1991年颁布第91/440/EWG号指令，欧洲的铁路市场开始重组。铁路部门应由<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E6%9C%BA%E5%85%B3" title="行政机关">行政机关</a>转变为公司，并开放铁路网络，引入私营铁路运营商参与竞争<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在德国，联邦铁路仅1993年便录得79亿欧元的亏损。此外，它还需要接管德国国营铁路。在第一阶段的铁路改革中，德国联邦铁路与原<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97" title="西柏林">西柏林</a>的铁路资产管理局（<span lang="de">Verwaltung des ehemaligen Reichsbahnvermögens</span>）和原<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="东德">东德</a>的德国国营铁路合并，重组为联邦铁路基金（<span lang="de">Bundeseisenbahnvermögen</span>）。随后立即由联邦铁路局（<span lang="de">Eisenbahn-Bundesamt</span>）接管，实行监管工作。前德国联邦铁路的官员作为联邦铁路基金的主管，于1994年1月将该基金企业化，创立了德国铁路股份公司。新公司将可根据客户或市场导向行事，并以<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%88%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="盈利">盈利</a>为目的<sup id="cite_ref-zeit-bahnreform_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zeit-bahnreform-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。该公司的成立文件于1994年1月1日在柏林公证处签署<sup id="cite_ref-dbwelt-2010-03-03_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dbwelt-2010-03-03-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。同年1月10日，庆祝两个前德国国铁合并的活动在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E4%B8%9C%E7%AB%99" title="柏林东站">柏林东站</a>隆重举行<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>随着铁路的合理化和现代化建设，因其对员工的要求日益严格而开始<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%81%E5%93%A1" title="裁員">裁员</a>，保留下来的员工仍有许多不确定性。德国铁路工人联盟（<span lang="de">Gewerkschaft der Eisenbahner Deutschlands</span>）在1995年发动的多项活动也令从业者对德国铁路丧失信心并不断辞职，铁路结构改革遭遇挫折<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。其新划分的业务部门，机车机务部以及动车管理部于1998年1月1日被解散，分拆为众多的资产<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。最后，自1999年1月1日起，根据法定的第二阶段铁路改革计划，公司的业务部门被转化为分别主营长途客运、短途客运、货运、基础设施和客运站场的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%BD%E5%88%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="股份制（页面不存在）">股份制</a>子公司，以提高其透明度。第三阶段铁路改革计划在2002年，解除全部<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A7%E8%82%A1%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="控股公司">控股公司</a>的关联<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2003年7月初，公司的服务部门成立。这当中包括德铁能源（<span lang="de">DB Energie</span>）、德铁车队（<span lang="de">DB Fuhrpark</span>）、德铁服务（<span lang="de">DB Services</span>）和德铁通讯（<span lang="de">DB Telematik</span>）等子公司，主要负责<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E8%BD%A6%E8%BE%86" class="mw-redirect" title="铁路车辆">铁路车辆</a>的维修保养<sup id="cite_ref-eri-2003-428_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eri-2003-428-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 。 </p><p>尽管德国铁路在其成立10周年的庆典中盛赞了自身改革的成功，但运输界政治家获得的还是一个复杂的局面。其成功之处在于联邦政府对公司仅在投资和基础设施问题上进行干预，而铁路的日常业务则已分离。此外，铁路也受到了越来越多来自<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%81%E8%90%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="私营">私营</a>铁路运营商的竞争，并在没有财政补贴的情况下运作，但公共部门仍向短途客运投入近100亿欧元以支撑其基础设施的维护及扩展。然而，尽管在短途客运有大量的交通补贴，德国铁路的铁路货运市场份额和客运市场份额仅略有增加。因此，铁路改革的目标，将更多的运输市场份额转移到铁路并未達成<sup id="cite_ref-zeit-bahnreform_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zeit-bahnreform-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="大事记"><span id=".E5.A4.A7.E4.BA.8B.E8.AE.B0"></span>大事记</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：大事记"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PotsdamerPlatz_Vogelperspektive_2004_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/PotsdamerPlatz_Vogelperspektive_2004_1.jpg/220px-PotsdamerPlatz_Vogelperspektive_2004_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/PotsdamerPlatz_Vogelperspektive_2004_1.jpg/330px-PotsdamerPlatz_Vogelperspektive_2004_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/PotsdamerPlatz_Vogelperspektive_2004_1.jpg/440px-PotsdamerPlatz_Vogelperspektive_2004_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="997" data-file-height="730" /></a><figcaption>作为公司总部的<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E5%A1%94" title="铁路塔">铁路塔</a>位于柏林<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%8C%A8%E5%9D%A6%E5%B9%BF%E5%9C%BA" title="波茨坦广场">波茨坦广场</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BC%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="索尼中心">索尼中心</a>旁</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Berlin-_Bahnhof_Westkreuz-_Richtung_Nord-_S-Bahn_Berlin_DBAG-Baureihe_481_10.8.2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Berlin-_Bahnhof_Westkreuz-_Richtung_Nord-_S-Bahn_Berlin_DBAG-Baureihe_481_10.8.2009.jpg/220px-Berlin-_Bahnhof_Westkreuz-_Richtung_Nord-_S-Bahn_Berlin_DBAG-Baureihe_481_10.8.2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Berlin-_Bahnhof_Westkreuz-_Richtung_Nord-_S-Bahn_Berlin_DBAG-Baureihe_481_10.8.2009.jpg/330px-Berlin-_Bahnhof_Westkreuz-_Richtung_Nord-_S-Bahn_Berlin_DBAG-Baureihe_481_10.8.2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Berlin-_Bahnhof_Westkreuz-_Richtung_Nord-_S-Bahn_Berlin_DBAG-Baureihe_481_10.8.2009.jpg/440px-Berlin-_Bahnhof_Westkreuz-_Richtung_Nord-_S-Bahn_Berlin_DBAG-Baureihe_481_10.8.2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4224" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>由德国铁路运营的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%BF%AB%E9%90%B5" title="柏林城市快鐵">柏林城市快铁</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>1993年，由<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%82%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" title="德国联邦参议院">德国联邦参议院</a>提交<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" title="德国联邦议院">德国联邦议院</a>批准的铁路改革计划中正式提出组建德国铁路股份公司。1994年，德国铁路股份公司成立，并录入柏林的商业登记册。其首任<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E8%A3%81" title="总裁">总裁</a>为海因茨·杜尔（<span lang="de">Heinz Dürr</span>）<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <ul><li>1996年1月1日起，地方<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E5%8B%A4%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="通勤铁路">通勤铁路</a>改为区域化运作，各<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD)" title="联邦州 (德国)">联邦州</a>直接调拨联邦政府<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91" title="基金">基金</a>参与运输服务。</li></ul> <ul><li>1997年德国铁路将总部由法兰克福迁往柏林，并在2000年秋季入驻波茨坦广场旁的铁路塔。</li></ul> <ul><li>1998年5月24日，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%8D%E6%BC%A2%E8%AB%BE%E5%A8%81%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="柏林－漢諾威高速铁路（页面不存在）">柏林－漢諾威高速铁路</a>投入服务，成为德国开通的第三条<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="高速铁路">高速铁路</a>新线。柏林至许多西部与南部目的地的旅行时间由此缩短了约45分钟。</li></ul> <ul><li>1999年6月1日，根据1993年铁路改革的章程，德国铁路组建了4个全资股份制子公司，分别负责客运（两家公司）、货运和基建业务。</li></ul> <ul><li>2001年1月起，德国铁路创办了属于自己的铁路<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B0" title="电视台">电视台</a><span lang="de">Bahn TV</span>，并经营至2010年12月。此后，仅通过<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91" title="互联网">互联网</a>以“德铁动态图像”的名义传播。</li></ul> <ul><li>2002年，德国铁路股份公司通过并购<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E5%BB%B7%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯廷内斯（页面不存在）">斯廷内斯</a>而收回了早在1991年从德国铁路脱离的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%AF%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="信可物流（页面不存在）">信可物流</a>。</li></ul> <ul><li>2002年12月15日，随着新时刻表的变更作出了多项修正。新的定价系统付诸实施，并为45000名直接面向客户的员工更换新<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%B6%E6%9C%8D" title="制服">制服</a>。与此同时，7条<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E9%9A%9B%E7%89%B9%E5%BF%AB%E5%88%97%E8%BB%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="城際特快列車">城际特快列车</a>线路开始经由新建成的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E9%9A%86%EF%BC%8D%E8%8E%B1%E8%8C%B5/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%A0%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="科隆－莱茵/美因高速铁路">科隆－莱茵/美因高速铁路</a>运行。</li></ul> <ul><li>2004年12月12日，经过改造的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%8D%E6%BC%A2%E5%A0%A1%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="柏林－漢堡鐵路">柏林－汉堡铁路</a>最高运行速度可达230公里/小时，在全长286公里的铁道上，旅行时间缩短了1个半小时。在接下来的几个月中，该线路的乘客人数大幅度上升。同时，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="欧洲铁路组织（页面不存在）">欧洲铁路组织</a>的“铁路旅客运输宪章”开始实施。</li></ul> <ul><li>2006年1月31日，德国铁路以11亿美元的价格完成对美国布林克集团（<span lang="en">The Brink's Company</span>）旗下的伯灵顿环球（<span lang="en">BAX Global</span>）的收购，成为全球第二大物流集团。</li></ul> <ul><li>2006年5月，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E7%81%AB%E8%BD%A6%E6%80%BB%E7%AB%99" title="柏林火车总站">柏林火車總站</a>投入使用，与此同时，新的柏林铁路枢纽和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%8D%E5%93%88%E5%8B%92/%E8%8E%B1%E6%AF%94%E9%94%A1%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="柏林－哈勒/莱比锡铁路（页面不存在）">柏林－哈勒/莱比锡铁路</a>200公里时速改造也相继完成，各地间的行车时间得到显著降低。</li></ul> <ul><li>2006年12月10日新的时刻表生效。自那时起<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%BC%E9%BB%91" title="慕尼黑">慕尼黑</a>－<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E4%BC%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="纽伦堡">纽伦堡</a>－<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E6%AF%94%E9%94%A1" title="莱比锡">莱比锡</a>－柏林－<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E5%A0%A1" title="汉堡">汉堡</a>以及慕尼黑－纽伦堡－法兰克福－<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E9%9A%86" title="科隆">科隆</a>之间的城际特快列车服务達到每小时一班。在纽伦堡－慕尼黑以及科隆－法兰克福之间的城际特快列车则可達到每半小时1班。新建的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E4%BC%A6%E5%A0%A1%EF%BC%8D%E6%85%95%E5%B0%BC%E9%BB%91%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="纽伦堡－慕尼黑高速铁路">纽伦堡－慕尼黑高速铁路</a>使得由慕尼黑出发及抵达的旅行时间减少了约1个半小时。</li></ul> <ul><li>2007年1月18日晚，受到<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E6%9A%B4%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%8C%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="风暴基里尔">风暴基里尔</a>的影响，德国铁路旗下所有列车服务均停驶达数小时。</li></ul> <ul><li>自2007年6月起，德国铁路获得<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8A%9B%E5%A3%AB%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%88%97%E8%BD%A6" title="大力士高速列车">大力士高速列车</a>10%的股权。2007年7月10日，德国铁路和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="法国国家铁路">法国国家铁路</a>开始共同经营法兰克福（经<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E6%B5%B7%E5%A7%86" title="曼海姆">曼海姆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E5%90%95%E8%82%AF" title="萨尔布吕肯">萨尔布吕肯</a>）至<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E" title="巴黎">巴黎</a>的<a href="/wiki/ICE%E5%88%97%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="ICE列车">ICE列车</a>以及慕尼黑（2007年12月9日起）或<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E5%8A%A0%E7%89%B9" title="斯图加特">斯图加特</a>（经<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E9%B2%81%E5%8E%84" title="卡尔斯鲁厄">卡尔斯鲁厄</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%A1" title="斯特拉斯堡">斯特拉斯堡</a>）至巴黎的<a href="/wiki/TGV" class="mw-redirect" title="TGV">TGV列车</a>。</li></ul> <ul><li>2010年3月，德国铁路宣布了一项价值29亿欧元、对英国<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" title="公共交通">公共交通</a>运营商<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E7%91%9E%E5%8F%91" class="mw-redirect" title="爱瑞发">爱瑞发</a>的收购计划<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。收购程序在同年8月完成，<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E7%9B%9F%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="欧盟委员会">欧盟委员会</a>此前已批准了此项收购，但受到条件限制，德国铁路需要在一年内出售爱瑞发原本在德国境内的资产<sup id="cite_ref-welt-2010-08-12_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-welt-2010-08-12-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="私有化进程"><span id=".E7.A7.81.E6.9C.89.E5.8C.96.E8.BF.9B.E7.A8.8B"></span>私有化进程</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：私有化进程"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deutsche_Bahn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Deutsche_Bahn.jpg/220px-Deutsche_Bahn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Deutsche_Bahn.jpg/330px-Deutsche_Bahn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Deutsche_Bahn.jpg/440px-Deutsche_Bahn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>印于机车外侧的公司标志</figcaption></figure> <p>2006年6月底，德国铁路<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A" title="董事会">董事会</a>在一份公开声明中明确表示公司将进行<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%80%E5%8B%9F%E8%82%A1" title="首次公开募股">首次公开募股</a><sup id="cite_ref-eri-2006-378_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eri-2006-378-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。公司计划在2008年秋季将相当于总股本1/4比例的股份售予私人<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%95%E8%B3%87%E8%80%85" title="投資者">投资者</a>，到2009年将達到出售最多49%的股份<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>由一批财团组成的鉴定人就五种不同的私有化模式进行了讨论，并委托<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E6%80%9D%E8%89%BE%E4%BC%A6%E5%92%A8%E8%AF%A2%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="博思艾伦咨询公司">博思艾伦咨询公司</a>对其自身带来的影响和其它可能的私有化收益、以及轨道交通的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E9%A2%84%E7%AE%97" title="公共预算">公共预算</a>和竞争力进行评估。讨论的模式介乎于从现有的综合性集团整体出售股份或是在运输和基础设施业务分离后完全转变为私营运输企业。由于<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%B6" title="政治家">政治家</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" title="金融机构">金融机构</a>的强烈反对，整体私有化的模式在后续讨论中被摒弃。在2006年11月9日由当时的联合委员会审议通过的批准德国铁路部分私有化的资产中，主要包括客运、货运及物流服务的业务，而基础设施部分，例如车站和轨道仍完全归国家所有。为此，计划私有化的业务部门在2008年捆绑为德国铁路的全资子公司：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E6%9C%BA%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%81" title="德铁机动物流">德铁机动物流</a>。 </p><p>私有化的反对者认为，类似的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="英国铁路">英国铁路</a>私有化发展已造成线路设置和服务恶化的直接后果<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。并认为国家补贴在铁路服务私有化后并不会减少，以募集资金分红为目的的紧缩强制性开支更会导致服务品質的下降<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 。德国铁路预计派发3-4%的股息<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。由德国工业协会和德国工商业协会进行的一项研究表明，铁路的私有化计划为满足投资者的收益预期，在路网改造和技术保护措施必须由联邦政府资助。只有在政府补贴的情况下才有可能達到预期的回报。对私有化铁路的资助有利于吸引私人投资者，但政治实施则面临较大的阻力<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2008年5月30日，德国联邦议院批准了德国铁路公司部分私有化计划，这为德国铁路<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%82" class="mw-disambig" title="上市">上市</a>扫清了道路<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。然而在2008年底，由于受到<a href="/wiki/2000%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3%E5%BE%8C%E6%9C%9F%E7%92%B0%E7%90%83%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="2000年代後期環球金融危機">2000年代後期環球金融危機</a>的不确定因素影响，计划中的资本私有化进程被无限期推迟<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。至2011年1月，首次公开募股计划已被完全取消<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。同年3月，德国铁路总裁顾儒伯强调，首次公开募股已不再列入公司议程<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="基建分离和运营"><span id=".E5.9F.BA.E5.BB.BA.E5.88.86.E7.A6.BB.E5.92.8C.E8.BF.90.E8.90.A5"></span>基建分离和运营</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：基建分离和运营"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>对于德国铁路康采恩的铁路运输企业（如<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" class="mw-redirect" title="德铁区域运输">德铁区域运输</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E9%95%BF%E9%80%94%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" title="德铁长途运输">德铁长途运输</a>）是否应当从铁路基础设施企业（如<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="德铁网络">德铁网络</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德铁能源（页面不存在）">德铁能源</a>）中完全独立出来仍有争议。 </p><p>欧盟委员会就德铁网络内部缺乏独立的控股结构而对德意志联邦共和国发起法律<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%89%E8%AE%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="诉讼">诉讼</a>。但<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="欧洲法院">欧洲法院</a>截至2012年6月仍未判决<sup id="cite_ref-hb-2012-06-20_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hb-2012-06-20-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。德国反垄断委员会在2009年9月的一份特别报告中建议，应尽快将德国铁路的运输业务私有化，并建立一个独立的基础设施部门。只有这样才可创造一个公平的竞争环境，符合<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E8%B4%B9%E8%80%85" title="消费者">消费者</a>的利益<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="组织"><span id=".E7.BB.84.E7.BB.87"></span>组织</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：组织"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="业务部门"><span id=".E4.B8.9A.E5.8A.A1.E9.83.A8.E9.97.A8"></span>业务部门</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：业务部门"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table align="right;" class="wikitable float-right"> <caption>集团利润概况 </caption> <tbody><tr bgcolor="LightGrey"> <th>联营企业 </th> <th>2005年 </th> <th>2006年 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E9%95%BF%E9%80%94%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" title="德铁长途运输">德铁长途运输</a></td> <td align="right">0.50亿€</td> <td align="right">1.24亿€ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" class="mw-redirect" title="德铁区域运输">德铁区域运输</a></td> <td align="right">5.54亿€</td> <td align="right">6.90亿€ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德铁城市运输（页面不存在）">德铁城市运输</a></td> <td align="right">1.15亿€</td> <td align="right">1.54亿€ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%AF%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="德铁信可铁路">德铁信可铁路</a></td> <td align="right">0.12亿€</td> <td align="right">2.26亿€ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%AF%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%81" title="德铁信可物流">德铁信可物流</a></td> <td align="right">2.57亿€</td> <td align="right">3.67亿€ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E9%80%9A%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德铁网络通路（页面不存在）">德铁网络通路</a></td> <td align="right">0.17亿€</td> <td align="right">1.00亿€ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%AE%A2%E7%AB%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德铁网络客站（页面不存在）">德铁网络客站</a></td> <td align="right">1.36亿€</td> <td align="right">1.36亿€ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德铁服务（页面不存在）">德铁服务</a></td> <td align="right">1.28亿€</td> <td align="right">0.31亿€ </td></tr> <tr> <td>其它投资</td> <td align="right">4.68亿€</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Employees_Deutsche_Bahn.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Employees_Deutsche_Bahn.svg/220px-Employees_Deutsche_Bahn.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Employees_Deutsche_Bahn.svg/330px-Employees_Deutsche_Bahn.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Employees_Deutsche_Bahn.svg/440px-Employees_Deutsche_Bahn.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1160" data-file-height="1103" /></a><figcaption>由董事会委任的各类联营企业共拥有超过23万名雇员<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>德国铁路的主要业务为运营德国境内的轨道交通事业，其过境连续运行和物流链的构建发挥着核心作用<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。除了客运和货运服务外德国铁路还运营有交通基础设施及其它类别的服务。这三大领域部门以企业的方式运作，每个部门的负责人均为集团董事会的成员之一<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>集团的现有架构是自2005年3月17日起重组，自那时起营运部门将直接向集团董事会报告<sup id="cite_ref-eri-2005-206_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eri-2005-206-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="客运"><span id=".E5.AE.A2.E8.BF.90"></span>客运</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：客运"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DB_Informationsschalter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/DB_Informationsschalter.jpg/220px-DB_Informationsschalter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/DB_Informationsschalter.jpg/330px-DB_Informationsschalter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/DB_Informationsschalter.jpg/440px-DB_Informationsschalter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4156" data-file-height="2922" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%BC%E9%BB%91%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E8%BD%A6%E7%AB%99" class="mw-redirect" title="慕尼黑中央车站">慕尼黑中央车站</a>内的德铁咨询台</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E7%BA%BF%E8%B7%AF" title="德铁线路">德铁线路</a></div> <p>客运部门主要分成“德铁线路长途运输”、“德铁线路区域运输”和“德铁爱瑞发”3个业务单位<sup id="cite_ref-DB_GF_2011_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB_GF_2011-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2007年，铁路长途客运发送量录得1.187亿人次<sup id="cite_ref-db-geschaeftsbericht-2007-64_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-db-geschaeftsbericht-2007-64-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，这一业绩大部分由<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E9%95%BF%E9%80%94%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%BD%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="德铁长途运输股份公司">德铁长途运输股份公司</a>提供的国内及国际长途列车服务完成。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" title="公共交通">短途客运</a>方面，2005年共覆盖超过11亿人次合共338.09亿客公里<sup id="cite_ref-kennzahlen_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kennzahlen-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。区域业务部门的客运销售占财政收入的32%，另外67%的资金则来自法律规定的地方政府通过中央的财政拨款<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>原城市运输业务部门在2005年至2010年期间负责经营柏林和汉堡的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%BF%AB%E9%93%81" title="城市快铁">城市快铁</a>以及众多的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="巴士">巴士</a>服务<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。两条S-Bahn网络在2005年发送乘客约5.244亿人次，总里程达51.04亿公里<sup id="cite_ref-kennzahlen_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kennzahlen-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在2011年德国铁路完成对爱瑞发的收购后，便将其改组为新的客运部门。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德铁城市运输有限公司（页面不存在）">德铁城市运输有限公司</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%BD%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="德铁区域运输股份公司">德铁区域运输股份公司</a>合并入德铁线路区域运输。自此德国国内的客运业务主要由德铁线路区域运输负责，德铁爱瑞发则提供德国境外的经营活动<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="货运及物流"><span id=".E8.B4.A7.E8.BF.90.E5.8F.8A.E7.89.A9.E6.B5.81"></span>货运及物流</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：货运及物流"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%AF" title="德铁信可">德铁信可</a></div> <p>货运及运输部门在市场上拥有<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%AF%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%81" title="德铁信可物流">德铁信可物流</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%AF%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="德铁信可铁路">德铁信可铁路</a>2个业务单位，它们组合为<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%AF" title="德铁信可">德铁信可</a>，同时开展多种样式的联运业务。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="基础设施"><span id=".E5.9F.BA.E7.A1.80.E8.AE.BE.E6.96.BD"></span>基础设施</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：基础设施"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%93%81%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="德铁网络">德铁网络</a></div> <p>基础设施部门主要分为路网、客运站场及能源3大业务领域。主营建设和维护的德铁规划建设有限公司（<span lang="de">DB ProjektBau GmbH</span>）也被编入此部门，但不属于同样的业务领域。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="营运数据"><span id=".E8.90.A5.E8.BF.90.E6.95.B0.E6.8D.AE"></span>营运数据</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：营运数据"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在德国每天运行的列车大约为37000班次。大多数的列车均由德国铁路下属的24家铁路企业开行。德国铁路还拥有继<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="瑞士聯邦鐵路">瑞士联邦铁路</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a><a href="/wiki/JR%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" class="mw-redirect" title="JR集團">JR集团</a>后，世界第三密集的铁路网络<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。至2012年9月，德国铁路客运列车的准点率达到94.4%<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2006年3月31日，德国铁路股份公司执行董事会在<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E5%8F%91%E5%B8%83%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="新闻发布会">新闻发布会</a>上介绍，其2005年的营业利润、销售额及乘客人数均为历史上最成功的。其利润的60%来源于在世界范围内通过路运、水运和空运经营的物流领域。 </p><p>根据2007年德国铁路披露的数据显示，公共资金在其营业额中所占的比例约为15%<sup id="cite_ref-verkehrsrundschau-2007-04-20_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-verkehrsrundschau-2007-04-20-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>据该公司介绍，2007年其物流营业额达71亿欧元，为德国物流业界最高（市场总额为2050亿欧元）<sup id="cite_ref-dbwelt-2009-01-2_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dbwelt-2009-01-2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2008年公司的销售增长达21.43亿欧元，其中9.74亿来自<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B6%E8%B4%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="并购">并购</a><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。截至2008年底，公司在德国以外的员工约为57,000人<sup id="cite_ref-dbwelt-2008-12-17_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dbwelt-2008-12-17-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 。 </p><p>截至2007年11月30日，德国铁路共有42935名<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8A%A1%E5%91%98" class="mw-redirect" title="公务员">公务员</a>编制的雇员，并有3696名公务员指派休假。基于法定<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%80%E4%BC%91" title="退休">退休</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4%E9%BE%84" title="年龄">年龄</a>为65岁，预计至2015年秋将仍有4.2万名公务员在职，至2025年为15500人，至2035年为1600人左右，而从2041年开始，公务员编制将基本从德国铁路中消失。公司向联邦铁路基金支付的公务员经费堪比普通雇员。2006年公司共为此支付了15.37亿欧元<sup id="cite_ref-bt-16-7653_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bt-16-7653-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。而作为公务员编制的德国联邦铁路已早在1992年结束运营<sup id="cite_ref-schell-2009-153_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schell-2009-153-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。德国铁路预计到2015年，员工的平均年龄将在50岁以上<sup id="cite_ref-dbwelt-2009-04-17_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dbwelt-2009-04-17-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>自2011年起，德国铁路向其唯一持有者德国联邦政府每年支付数额达5亿欧元的<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A1%E6%81%AF" title="股息">股息</a>。由2012年至2014年则增加至5.25亿欧元。铁路股息将用于偿还周期性的轨道<a href="/wiki/%E8%9E%8D%E8%B3%87" class="mw-redirect" title="融資">融资</a>。 </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr class="hintergrundfarbe5"> <th>每年12月31日数据</th> <th width="50">2003</th> <th width="50">2004</th> <th width="50">2005</th> <th width="50">2006</th> <th width="50">2007</th> <th width="50">2008</th> <th width="50">2009<sup id="cite_ref-Daten_und_Fakten_2009_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Daten_und_Fakten_2009-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th width="50">2010<sup id="cite_ref-gb2010_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gb2010-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th width="50">2011<sup id="cite_ref-Daten_und_Fakten_2011_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Daten_und_Fakten_2011-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th width="200">注释 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%A2%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="营业额">营业额</a>（亿欧元）</td> <td align="right">230.29</td> <td align="right">239.62</td> <td align="right">250.55</td> <td align="right">300.53</td> <td align="right">313.09</td> <td align="right">334.52</td> <td align="right">293.35</td> <td align="right">344.10</td> <td align="right">379.79</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>纯利（亿欧元）</td> <td align="right">–2.45</td> <td align="right">1.80</td> <td align="right">6.11</td> <td align="right">16.80</td> <td align="right">17.16</td> <td align="right">13.21</td> <td align="right">8.30</td> <td align="right">10.58</td> <td align="right">13.32</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>总负债（亿欧元）</td> <td align="right">476.47</td> <td align="right">476.16</td> <td align="right">471.01</td> <td align="right">484.40</td> <td align="right">485.29</td> <td align="right">481.93</td> <td align="right">473.03</td> <td align="right">520.03</td> <td align="right">517.91</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>雇员</td> <td align="right">242,759</td> <td align="right">225,512</td> <td align="right">216,389</td> <td align="right">229,000</td> <td align="right">237,078</td> <td align="right">240,242</td> <td align="right">239,828</td> <td align="right">276,310</td> <td align="right">285,319</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>经营场所（火车站、停车点及其它）</td> <td align="right">5,665</td> <td align="right">5,697</td> <td align="right">5,707</td> <td align="right">5,730</td> <td align="right">5,699</td> <td align="right">5,718</td> <td align="right">5,707</td> <td align="right">5,700</td> <td align="right">5,685</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>路网总长（公里）</td> <td align="right">35,593</td> <td align="right">34,718</td> <td align="right">34,211</td> <td align="right">34,122</td> <td align="right">33,978</td> <td align="right">33,862</td> <td align="right">33,721</td> <td align="right">33,723</td> <td align="right">33,576</td> <td>几乎包含德国所有的干线铁路 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#e3e3e3"> <td colspan="11"><b>客运运输能力：</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>乘客量（亿人次）</td> <td align="right">16.82</td> <td align="right">16.95</td> <td align="right">17.85</td> <td align="right">18.54</td> <td align="right">18.35</td> <td align="right">19.19</td> <td align="right">19.08</td> <td align="right">19.50</td> <td align="right">19.81</td> <td>2008年起包含境外业务 </td></tr> <tr> <td>人公里（亿）</td> <td align="right">695.34</td> <td align="right">702.60</td> <td align="right">725.54</td> <td align="right">747.88</td> <td align="right">747.92</td> <td align="right">777.91</td> <td align="right">767.72</td> <td align="right">785.82</td> <td align="right">792.28</td> <td>2008年起包含境外业务 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#e3e3e3"> <td colspan="11"><b>货运运输能力：</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>货运量（亿吨）</td> <td align="right">2.823</td> <td align="right">2.836</td> <td align="right">2.665</td> <td align="right">3.076</td> <td align="right">3.128</td> <td align="right">3.787</td> <td align="right">3.410</td> <td align="right">4.154</td> <td align="right">4.116</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>吨公里（亿）</td> <td align="right">798.64</td> <td align="right">839.82</td> <td align="right">831.11</td> <td align="right">963.88</td> <td align="right">987.94</td> <td align="right">1,136.34</td> <td align="right">939.48</td> <td align="right">1,057.94</td> <td align="right">1,119.80</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#e3e3e3"> <td colspan="11"><b>路网运输能力：</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>德铁列车线公里（亿）</td> <td align="right">9.178</td> <td align="right">9.127</td> <td align="right">8.877</td> <td align="right">8.88</td> <td align="right">10.50</td> <td align="right">10.43</td> <td align="right">10.03</td> <td align="right">10.34</td> <td align="right">10.51</td> <td>所有类别列车的运行里程 </td></tr> <tr> <td>外部公司线公里（亿）</td> <td align="right">0.71</td> <td align="right">0.88</td> <td align="right">1.10</td> <td align="right">1.28</td> <td align="right">1.47</td> <td align="right">1.62</td> <td align="right">1.70</td> <td align="right">1.95</td> <td align="right">2.19</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="批评"><span id=".E6.89.B9.E8.AF.84"></span>批评</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：批评"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="监听丑闻"><span id=".E7.9B.91.E5.90.AC.E4.B8.91.E9.97.BB"></span>监听丑闻</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：监听丑闻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2009年1月底，一名德国<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="博客">博客</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6" title="作家">作家</a>在网上公布了一份德国铁路和德国网络有限公司（<span lang="de">Network Deutschland GmbH</span>）的合作备忘录，内容涉及对所有德铁员工私人<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E9%82%AE%E4%BB%B6" title="电子邮件">电子邮件</a>的监视和删除。事件引起德国各大<a href="/wiki/%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="媒体">媒体</a>的追踪爆料。德国铁路随即以<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%BD%93%E7%AB%9E%E4%BA%89" title="不正当竞争">不正当竞争</a>和非法传播信息为由对此发出<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A0%E6%96%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="删文（页面不存在）">删文</a>警告，并坚称公司从1998年开始采取的大规模行动只是为了防范和打击<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BF%E8%B5%82" class="mw-redirect" title="贿赂">贿赂</a>与经济犯罪行为。然而随着事件的升级，德国联邦交通部出面表态希望澄清事实。而德国铁路联盟等<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E4%BC%9A" title="工会">工会组织</a>和一些<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A" title="政党">政党</a>也坚持指责德国铁路违反了对企业员工的数据保护法<sup id="cite_ref-CRI_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRI-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>面对压力，德国铁路监事会联合德国经济调查协会于2009年2月组成了一个多方特别调查小组，并最终于3月底公布了最终调查结果。据两名特别调查员及<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%95%E9%A9%AC%E5%A8%81%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%A1%E5%B8%88%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E6%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="毕马威会计师事务所">毕马威会计师事务所</a>提供的数据证实，多年来德国铁路一共对7到8万名员工的私人电邮进行了“系统过滤”，经处理的邮件最多每天达14万5千封，并在2007年秋季成功拦截并阻止了经电子邮件传播的火车<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="司机">司机</a>工会<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%A2%E5%B7%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="罢工">罢工</a>提議。在丑闻持续扩大的不利影响下，原德国铁路总裁梅多恩（<span lang="de">Hartmut Mehdorn</span>）及几名董事会成员相继宣布引咎<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9E%E8%81%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="辞职">辞职</a><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。新任总裁顾儒伯表示期待一个新的开端，新董事会将重视并保护员工的隐私与合法权益<sup id="cite_ref-db-2009-05-13_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-db-2009-05-13-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 。2009年10月，柏林的数据安全官亚历山大·迪克斯（<span lang="de">Alexander Dix</span>）宣布德国铁路违反了多项数据保护法条款，将对其处以110万欧元的罚款。德国铁路已接纳判决<sup id="cite_ref-tsp-2009-10-24_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsp-2009-10-24-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="柏林城市快铁的隐患"><span id=".E6.9F.8F.E6.9E.97.E5.9F.8E.E5.B8.82.E5.BF.AB.E9.93.81.E7.9A.84.E9.9A.90.E6.82.A3"></span>柏林城市快铁的隐患</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：柏林城市快铁的隐患"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2009年7月，联邦铁路局证实在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%BF%AB%E9%90%B5" title="柏林城市快鐵">柏林城市快铁</a>中使用的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF481%E5%9E%8B%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B%E5%8A%A8%E8%BD%A6%E7%BB%84" title="德国铁路481型电力动车组">481型及482型</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E8%BD%A6%E7%BB%84" class="mw-redirect" title="动车组">动车组</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%AA%E8%BB%B8" title="輪軸">轮轴</a>大多存在安全隐患<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。这对其造成了数个月的亏损。据柏林交通<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%83%E8%AD%B0%E5%93%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="參議員">参议员</a>英格伯格·容格-雷耶尔（<span lang="de">Ingeborg Junge-Reyer</span>）预计，直至2013年车辆运行才可全面正常化。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="代码共享"><span id=".E4.BB.A3.E7.A0.81.E5.85.B1.E4.BA.AB"></span>代码共享</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：代码共享"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>德国铁路也与<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="美国航空">美国航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%81%94%E9%85%8B%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="阿联酋航空">阿联酋航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="中華航空">中華航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%A9%E9%A6%AC%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="巴西天馬航空">巴西天马航空</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%8E%8E%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="汉莎航空">汉莎航空</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="航空公司">航空公司</a>实施<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="代码共享">代码共享</a>，提供由<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B%E7%A6%8F%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="法兰克福机场">法兰克福机场</a>至<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E9%9A%86" title="科隆">科隆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%81%A9" title="波恩">波恩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E5%A4%AB" title="杜塞尔多夫">杜塞尔多夫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E8%B5%96%E5%A0%A1" title="弗赖堡">弗赖堡</a>、汉堡、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%BA%E5%A8%81" title="汉诺威">汉诺威</a>、曼海姆、慕尼黑、纽伦堡和斯图加特等地的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%93%81%E8%81%94%E8%BF%90" class="mw-redirect" title="空铁联运">空铁联运</a>服务。其<a href="/wiki/IATA%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="IATA航空公司代码">IATA航空公司代码</a>为“2A”<sup id="cite_ref-daten2005_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daten2005-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"> <ul><li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Erich Preuß: <i>Die zerrissene Bahn: 1990–2000 − Tatsachen, Legenden, Hintergründe.</i> transpress, Stuttgart 2001, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/3613711540" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-613-71154-0</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Erich Preuß: <i>Bahn im Umbruch: Tatsachen − Hintergründe − Konsequenzen.</i> transpress, Stuttgart 2004, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/361371244X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-613-71244-X</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Hans-Joachim Ritzau et al.: <i>Die Bahnreform − eine kritische Sichtung.</i> Ritzau KG − Verlag Zeit und Eisenbahn, Pürgen 2003, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/393510104X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-935101-04-X</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Heiner Monheim, Klaus Nagorni (Hrsg.): <i>Die Zukunft der Bahn: Zwischen Bürgernähe und Börsengang.</i> Evangelische Akademie Baden, Karlsruhe 2004, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/3896741195" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-89674-119-5</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-3" style="-moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3; column-count: 3; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-VIZ-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VIZ_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VIZ_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E3%80%81%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E5%8F%8A%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="德國聯邦交通、建築及都市事務部">德國聯邦交通、建築及都市事務部</a>：<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurailpress.com/buecher/annual_ausgabe.php3?id=23">„Verkehr in Zahlen“</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20070927013602/http://www.eurailpress.com/buecher/annual_ausgabe.php3?id=23">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CRI-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CRI_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CRI_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">（中文）</span><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gb.cri.cn/27824/2009/04/02/3785s2474461.htm">德国铁路总裁迫于电子邮件丑闻压力宣布辞职</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150122080744/http://gb.cri.cn/27824/2009/04/02/3785s2474461.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</i>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF" title="国际在线">国际在线</a>. 2009年4月2日.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5128565">長程火車多數誤點　為何德國鐵路不再是準時模範生？</a>，天下雜誌</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://global.udn.com/global_vision/amp/story/8664/6532573">德意志「鐵路難題」（上）：全民抱怨的無限誤點列車</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20240715020503/https://global.udn.com/global_vision/amp/story/8664/6532573">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>），聯合報，2022-8-12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111113085226/http://www.eurailpress.de/article/view/4/deutsche-bahn-raeumt-bei-tochtergesellschaften-auf.html">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-02-22</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurailpress.de/article/view/4/deutsche-bahn-raeumt-bei-tochtergesellschaften-auf.html">原始内容</a>存档于2011-11-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurailpress.de%2Farticle%2Fview%2F4%2Fdeutsche-bahn-raeumt-bei-tochtergesellschaften-auf.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><cite class="citation web">Deutsche Bahn AG. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100821004700/http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/berichte/geschaeftsbericht__2009__konzern.pdf#219">Geschäftsbericht 2009</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>: 219. 25. März 2010 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-03-25</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/berichte/geschaeftsbericht__2009__konzern.pdf#219">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2010-08-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&rft.au=Deutsche+Bahn+AG&rft.btitle=Gesch%C3%A4ftsbericht+2009&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pages=219&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutschebahn.com%2Fsite%2Fshared%2Fde%2Fdateianhaenge%2Fberichte%2Fgeschaeftsbericht__2009__konzern.pdf%23219&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie, Deutscher Industrie- und Handelskammertag (Auftraggeber): <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bdi.eu/download_content/InfrastrukturUndLogistik/BDI-DIHK_Bahnstudie-Januar_2006.pdf">Privatisierung der integrierten Deutschen Bahn AG – Auswirkungen und Alternativen</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110516022434/http://www.bdi.eu/download_content/InfrastrukturUndLogistik/BDI-DIHK_Bahnstudie-Januar_2006.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）.</i> Januar 2006, S. 51f</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zeit-bahnreform-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zeit-bahnreform_8-0"><sup><b>8.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zeit-bahnreform_8-1"><sup><b>8.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>DIE ZEIT: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zeit.de/2004/03/Bahn-Reform?page=all">Gejubelt wird trotzdem</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110308005333/http://www.zeit.de/2004/03/Bahn-Reform?page=all">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）.</i> Hamburg, 8. Januar 2004, Nr. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Bundeseisenbahnvermögen: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bev.bund.de/bahnreform.htm">Die Bahnreform</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130303011031/http://www.bev.bund.de/bahnreform.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）.</i> 16. Dezember 2005, abgerufen am 18. Mai 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dbwelt-2010-03-03-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dbwelt-2010-03-03_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><i>Unter Volldampf</i>. In: DB Welt, Ausgabe März 2010, S. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Schell (2009), S. 137 f.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Zitat aus <i>Eisenbahner wollen Sicherheit.</i> In: GdED inform, Frankfurt am Main, 1/1995, S. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Schell (2009), S. 150</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Erich Preuß: <i>Die zerrissene Bahn.</i> transpress, Stuttgart 2001, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/3613711540" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-613-71154-0</a>, S. 72ff.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Booz Allen Hamilton: <i>Privatisierungsvarianten der Deutschen Bahn AG „mit und ohne Netz“</i>. Januar 2006, S. 57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eri-2003-428-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eri-2003-428_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Meldung <i>Neuer DB-Unternehmensbereich</i>. In: Eisenbahn-Revue International, Heft 10/2003, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61200749">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%8A%E8%99%9F" title="國際標準期刊號">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1421-2811">1421-2811</a>, S. 428.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/de/unternehmen/konzernprofil/geschichte/chronik/1994__1999/1994__1999.html"><i>Jahre des Umbruchs</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20090805090257/http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/de/unternehmen/konzernprofil/geschichte/chronik/1994__1999/1994__1999.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. Abgerufen am 14. Februar 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.focus.de/finanzen/finanz-news/deutsche-bahn-arriva-kauf-fuer-2-9-milliarden-euro-besiegelt_aid_545991.html">focus.de: Deutsche Bahn, Arriva-Kauf für 2,9 Milliarden Euro besiegelt</a>. 2010-08-27 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-11-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120118135905/http://www.focus.de/finanzen/finanz-news/deutsche-bahn-arriva-kauf-fuer-2-9-milliarden-euro-besiegelt_aid_545991.html">存档</a>于2012-01-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&rft.btitle=focus.de%3A+Deutsche+Bahn%2C+Arriva-Kauf+f%C3%BCr+2%2C9+Milliarden+Euro+besiegelt&rft.date=2010-08-27&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.focus.de%2Ffinanzen%2Ffinanz-news%2Fdeutsche-bahn-arriva-kauf-fuer-2-9-milliarden-euro-besiegelt_aid_545991.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-welt-2010-08-12-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-welt-2010-08-12_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.welt.de/die-welt/wirtschaft/article8956749/Bieterrennen-um-Deutschland-Geschaeft-von-Arriva.html"><i>Bieterrennen um Deutschland-Geschäft von Arriva</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20111221154958/http://www.welt.de/die-welt/wirtschaft/article8956749/Bieterrennen-um-Deutschland-Geschaeft-von-Arriva.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. In: <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%8A%A5_(%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD)" title="世界报 (德国)">Die Welt</a>, 12. August 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eri-2006-378-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eri-2006-378_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Meldung <i>DB-Aufsichtsrat für Börsengang</i>. In: Eisenbahn-Revue International. Heft 8–9/2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61200749"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%8A%E8%99%9F" title="國際標準期刊號">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1421-2811">1421-2811</a>, S. 378.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>DDP: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.derNewsticker.de/news.php?id=6790">Bahn bereitet sich auf Börsengang im Herbst vor</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200905121141/http://www.dernewsticker.de/news.php?id=6790">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, vom 15. Mai 2008, abgerufen am 15. Mai 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.focus.de/finanzen/news/deutsche-bahn_aid_133827.html">Widerstand in den Ländern gegen Privatisierung</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20131202233207/http://www.focus.de/finanzen/news/deutsche-bahn_aid_133827.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, Focus Online, 25. September 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bahnfueralle.de/pages/argumente/12-argumente-gegen-den-boersengang.php">Bahn für alle: 12 Argumente gegen den Börsengang</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年2月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/wirtschaftspolitik/privatisierung-bahn-gegen-volksaktien-modell-1461073.html">Bahn gegen Volksaktien-Modell</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20131207195210/http://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/wirtschaftspolitik/privatisierung-bahn-gegen-volksaktien-modell-1461073.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, 13. September 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bdi.eu/download_content/InfrastrukturUndLogistik/BDI-DIHK_Bahnstudie-Januar_2006.pdf">Privatisierung der integrierten Deutschen Bahn AG - Auswirkungen und Alternativen</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110516022434/http://www.bdi.eu/download_content/InfrastrukturUndLogistik/BDI-DIHK_Bahnstudie-Januar_2006.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, Berlin, 2006. S. 20-21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">（中文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2008-05/31/content_8287952.htm">德联邦议院批准德国铁路公司部分私有化</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20081021110957/http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2008-05/31/content_8287952.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E7%BD%91" title="新华网">新华网</a>. 2008年5月31日.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zeit.de/online/2008/42/bahn-boerse"><i>Finanzkrise stoppt Börsengang der Bahn</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130624165059/http://www.zeit.de/online/2008/42/bahn-boerse">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, vom 14. Januar 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.n24.de/news/newsitem_6602632.html"><i>Börsengang am Sankt-Nimmerleins-Tag</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20121226222803/http://www.n24.de/news/newsitem_6602632.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, vom 19. Januar 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.verkehrsrundschau.de/bahn-boersengangs-diskussion-momentan-ueberfluessig-1010128.html">http://www.verkehrsrundschau.de/bahn-boersengangs-diskussion-momentan-ueberfluessig-1010128.html</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120420223022/http://www.verkehrsrundschau.de/bahn-boersengangs-diskussion-momentan-ueberfluessig-1010128.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hb-2012-06-20-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hb-2012-06-20_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Thomas Ludwig: <i>Lobbyismus der Bahn sorgt in Brüssel für Unruhe</i>. 20. Juni 2012, Nr. 117, S. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monopolkommission.de/sg_55/presse_s55.pdf"><i>Monopolkommission stellt Sondergutachten zur Wettbewerbssituation auf den Eisenbahnmärkten vor</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120304171416/http://www.monopolkommission.de/sg_55/presse_s55.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. Presseinformation der Monopolkommission vom 21. September 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Deutsche Bahn AG (Hrsg.): <i>Deutsche Bahn meldet für 2006 70 Millionen mehr Fahrgäste und 10 Prozent mehr Leistung im Güterverkehr</i>. Presseinformation vom 2. Februar 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Hartmut Mehdorn: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.db.de/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/praesentationen/rede__mehdorn__hohensteiner__tafelrunde.pdf">Die Deutsche Bahn auf dem Weg zum globalen Mobilitäts- und Logistikkonzern</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20070930040639/http://www.db.de/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/praesentationen/rede__mehdorn__hohensteiner__tafelrunde.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）.</i> Witten, 17. Oktober 2006, S. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Deutsche Bahn AG (Hrsg.): <i>Die Führungsstruktur des DB-Konzerns</i>. Berlin, Juli 2005, S. 5 f.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eri-2005-206-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eri-2005-206_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Meldung <i>Neue DB-Konzernstruktur</i>. In: Eisenbahn-Revue International, Heft 5/2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61200749"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%8A%E8%99%9F" title="國際標準期刊號">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1421-2811">1421-2811</a>, S. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DB_GF_2011-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DB_GF_2011_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/de/konzern/geschaeftsfelder/geschaeftsfelder.html">Geschäftsfelder der DB Mobility Networks Logistics AG</a>. 2011-11-10 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-11-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120121130439/http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/de/konzern/geschaeftsfelder/geschaeftsfelder.html">存档</a>于2012-01-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&rft.btitle=Gesch%C3%A4ftsfelder+der+DB+Mobility+Networks+Logistics+AG&rft.date=2011-11-10&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutschebahn.com%2Fsite%2Fbahn%2Fde%2Fkonzern%2Fgeschaeftsfelder%2Fgeschaeftsfelder.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-db-geschaeftsbericht-2007-64-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-db-geschaeftsbericht-2007-64_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Deutsche Bahn AG: <i>Geschäftsbericht 2007</i>, S. 64</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kennzahlen-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kennzahlen_38-0"><sup><b>38.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kennzahlen_38-1"><sup><b>38.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Deutsche Bahn AG: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.db.de/site/bahn/de/unternehmen/investor__relations/kennzahlen/kennzahlen__2005.html">Kennzahlen 2005 – DB AG mit bestem Geschäftsjahr ihrer Geschichte</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20070930050004/http://www.db.de/site/bahn/de/unternehmen/investor__relations/kennzahlen/kennzahlen__2005.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）,</i> 23. September 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>DB Regio AG: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.db.de/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/berichte/geschaeftsbericht__2005__regio.pdf">Geschäftsbericht 2005</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20070930042030/http://www.db.de/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/berichte/geschaeftsbericht__2005__regio.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）.</i> April 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Deutsche Bahn AG: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.db.de/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/berichte/geschaeftsbericht__2005__konzern__high__res.pdf">Geschäftsbericht 2005</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20070930050102/http://www.db.de/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/berichte/geschaeftsbericht__2005__konzern__high__res.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）.</i> März 2006, S. 54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/de/presse/presseinformationen/ubp/p20100929.html">DB Presseinformation 074/2010</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110203013627/http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/de/presse/presseinformationen/ubp/p20100929.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">（中文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://china.cnr.cn/qqhygbw/201201/t20120113_509055849.shtml">德国铁路发达火车"公交化" 便捷客运给华带来新启示</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150912052752/http://china.cnr.cn/qqhygbw/201201/t20120113_509055849.shtml">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E7%BD%91" class="mw-redirect" title="中国广播网">中国广播网</a>. 2012年1月13日.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spario.de/magazin/die-bahn-kommt-eigentlich-puenktlich/">Die Bahn kommt eigentlich pünktlich</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20121127211143/http://www.spario.de/magazin/die-bahn-kommt-eigentlich-puenktlich/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Abgerufen am 19. November 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-verkehrsrundschau-2007-04-20-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-verkehrsrundschau-2007-04-20_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.verkehrsrundschau.de/sixcms/detail.php?id=527138"><i>Mehdorn: Kunden profitieren von Bahn-Börsengang</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120323164625/http://www.verkehrsrundschau.de/sixcms/detail.php?id=527138">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） in <i>Verkehrsrundschau.de</i> vom 20. April 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dbwelt-2009-01-2-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dbwelt-2009-01-2_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Auf einen Blick: Die Top-Logistiker in Deutschland und der Markt in Europa</i>. In: DB Welt, Ausgabe Januar 2009, S. 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/presse/bilanz__pk__2008__rede__sack.pdf">Bilanz-Pressekonferenz 2008, Rede von Diethelm Sack</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130518112741/http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/presse/bilanz__pk__2008__rede__sack.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dbwelt-2008-12-17-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dbwelt-2008-12-17_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><i>Wenn ohne Fremdsprache nichts mehr geht</i>. In: DB Welt, Ausgabe Dezember 2008, S. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bt-16-7653-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bt-16-7653_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dip21.bundestag.de/dip21/btd/16/076/1607653.pdf"><i>Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten Horst Friedrich (Bayreuth), Patrick Döring, Joachim Günther (Plauen), weiterer Abgeordneter und der Fraktion der FDP</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130518064023/http://dip21.bundestag.de/dip21/btd/16/076/1607653.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Drucksache 16/7653 vom 28. Dezember 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-schell-2009-153-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-schell-2009-153_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manfred Schell: <i>Die Lok zieht die Bahn</i>. <i>Rotbuch-Verlag</i>, Berlin 2009. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9783867890595" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-86789-059-5</a>, S. 153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dbwelt-2009-04-17-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dbwelt-2009-04-17_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><i>Fit bleiben im Job leicht gemacht</i>. In: <a href="/w/index.php?title=DB_Welt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DB Welt（页面不存在）">DB Welt</a>, Ausgabe April 2009, S. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Daten_und_Fakten_2009-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Daten_und_Fakten_2009_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518105247/http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/berichte/daten__und__fakten__2009.pdf">Vgl. DB Mobility Logistics AG, Daten & Fakten 2009</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 2009-12-31 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-11-22</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/berichte/daten__und__fakten__2009.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2013-05-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&rft.btitle=Vgl.+DB+Mobility+Logistics+AG%2C+Daten+%26+Fakten+2009&rft.date=2009-12-31&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutschebahn.com%2Fsite%2Fshared%2Fde%2Fdateianhaenge%2Fberichte%2Fdaten__und__fakten__2009.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gb2010-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gb2010_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518094425/http://www1.deutschebahn.com/contentblob/1509634/2010_gb_dbkonzern_de/data.pdf">Geschäftsbericht 2010</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 2012-04-25 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-11-22</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.deutschebahn.com/contentblob/1509634/2010_gb_dbkonzern_de/data.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2013-05-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&rft.btitle=Gesch%C3%A4ftsbericht+2010&rft.date=2012-04-25&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.deutschebahn.com%2Fcontentblob%2F1509634%2F2010_gb_dbkonzern_de%2Fdata.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Daten_und_Fakten_2011-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Daten_und_Fakten_2011_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518100217/http://www1.deutschebahn.com/linkableblob/ecm2-db-de/2350506/data/2011_duf-data.pdf">Vgl. Deutsche Bahn AG, Daten & Fakten 2011</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 2012-07-30 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-11-22</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.deutschebahn.com/linkableblob/ecm2-db-de/2350506/data/2011_duf-data.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2013-05-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&rft.btitle=Vgl.+Deutsche+Bahn+AG%2C+Daten+%26+Fakten+2011&rft.date=2012-07-30&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.deutschebahn.com%2Flinkableblob%2Fecm2-db-de%2F2350506%2Fdata%2F2011_duf-data.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">（中文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gb.cri.cn/27824/2009/04/01/3525s2473590.htm">“德国铁路总裁因"窃听门"丑闻辞职(图)”</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150122111111/http://gb.cri.cn/27824/2009/04/01/3525s2473590.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF" title="国际在线">国际在线</a>. 2009年4月1日.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-db-2009-05-13-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-db-2009-05-13_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Deutsche Bahn AG: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/de/unternehmen/presse/presseinformationen/ubh/h20090513.html"><i>DB zieht Konsequenzen aus Datenmissbrauch / Grube: „Neuanfang in der Unternehmenskultur“</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100105040437/http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/bahn/de/unternehmen/presse/presseinformationen/ubh/h20090513.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. Presseinformation vom 13. Mai 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tsp-2009-10-24-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tsp-2009-10-24_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span>Carsten Brönstrup: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tagesspiegel.de/wirtschaft/Unternehmen-Deutsche-Bahn;art129,2931319"><i>Schnüffelei kostet 1,1 Millionen Euro</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20091025080058/http://www.tagesspiegel.de/wirtschaft/Unternehmen-Deutsche-Bahn;art129,2931319">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） in: Der Tagesspiegel vom 24. Oktober 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/reise/aktuell/0,1518,633763,00.html">Chaos in Berlin. Eisenbahn-Bundesamt legt S-Bahnen still</a>. Spiegel Online. 2009-07-01 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-11-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120516040114/http://www.spiegel.de/reise/aktuell/0,1518,633763,00.html">存档</a>于2012-05-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&rft.btitle=Chaos+in+Berlin.+Eisenbahn-Bundesamt+legt+S-Bahnen+still&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Spiegel+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Freise%2Faktuell%2F0%2C1518%2C633763%2C00.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-daten2005-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-daten2005_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span><cite class="citation web">Deutsche Bahn AG. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070204002333/http://www.db.de/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/berichte/daten__und__fakten__2005.pdf">Daten und Fakten zum Geschäftsbericht 2005</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2006-12-17</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.db.de/site/shared/de/dateianhaenge/berichte/daten__und__fakten__2005.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2007-02-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&rft.au=Deutsche+Bahn+AG&rft.btitle=Daten+und+Fakten+zum+Gesch%C3%A4ftsbericht+2005&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.db.de%2Fsite%2Fshared%2Fde%2Fdateianhaenge%2Fberichte%2Fdaten__und__fakten__2005.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>中相关的多媒体资源：<b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF?uselang=zh">德国铁路</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB" title="维基新闻">维基新闻</a>中的相关報導：<b><a href="https://zh.wikinews.org/wiki/Portal:Deutsche_Bahn" class="extiw" title="n:Portal:Deutsche Bahn">德国铁路</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081203121358/http://www.deutschebahn.com/">德国铁路股份公司官方网站</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="德語">（德文）</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bahn.de/">德国铁路旅游及移动门户</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20031125221508/http://www.bahn.de/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="Template:欧洲国家铁路"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:欧洲国家铁路（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:欧洲国家铁路"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="欧洲国營铁路公司" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%90%B5" title="國鐵">国營铁路公司</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="铁路公司列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of railway companies"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="鐵路公司列表">铁路公司列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_railway_companies" class="extiw" title="en:List of railway companies"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of railway companies</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="各国铁路运输" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rail transport by country"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="各国铁路运输（页面不存在）">各国铁路运输</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_transport_by_country" class="extiw" title="en:Rail transport by country"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rail transport by country</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>阿尔巴尼亚 <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="阿尔巴尼亚铁路">HSH</a></li> <li>亚美尼亚<sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%A2%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="南高加索鐵路">ՀԿԵ</a></li> <li>奥地利 <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="奥地利联邦铁路">ÖBB</a></li> <li>阿塞拜疆<sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%96%86%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="阿塞拜疆鐵路">ADY</a></li> <li>白俄罗斯 <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="白俄罗斯铁路">БЧ</a></li> <li>比利时 <a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="比利时国家铁路公司">NMBS/SNCB</a></li> <li>波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那 <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E9%BB%91%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%BB%B4%E9%82%A3%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那铁路">ŽFBH</a><sup><small>2</small></sup> / <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%97%8F%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="塞族共和国铁路">ŽRS</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li>保加利亚 <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="保加利亞國家鐵路">БДЖ</a></li> <li>克罗地亚 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="克罗地亚铁路">HŽ</a></li> <li>捷克 <a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="捷克铁路">ČD</a></li> <li>丹麦 <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="丹麦国家铁路">DSB</a></li> <li>爱沙尼亚 <a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="爱沙尼亚铁路">EVR</a> / <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Elron (鐵路運輸)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Elron (rail transit)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elron_(%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elron (鐵路運輸)（页面不存在）">Elron</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elron_(rail_transit)" class="extiw" title="en:Elron (rail transit)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Elron (rail transit)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>芬兰 <a href="/wiki/VR%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="VR集團">VR</a></li> <li>法国 <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="法國國家鐵路公司">SNCF</a></li> <li>格鲁吉亚<sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="格鲁吉亚铁路">GR</a></li> <li>德国 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">DB</a></li> <li>希腊 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="希臘鐵路">OSE</a></li> <li>匈牙利 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="匈牙利国家铁路">MÁV</a></li> <li>爱尔兰 <a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="爱尔兰铁路">IÉ</a></li> <li>意大利 <a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="意大利國家鐵路">FS</a></li> <li>哈萨克斯坦<sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="哈萨克斯坦国家铁路">ҚТЖ</a></li> <li>拉脱维亚 <a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%84%B1%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="拉脱维亚铁路">LDz</a></li> <li>立陶宛 <a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="立陶宛铁路">LTG</a></li> <li>卢森堡 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="卢森堡国家铁路公司">CFL</a></li> <li>摩尔多瓦 <a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%9A%E7%93%A6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="摩爾多瓦鐵路">CFM</a></li> <li>黑山 <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%B1%B1%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="黑山铁路">ŽPCG</a></li> <li>荷兰 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="荷蘭鐵路">NS</a></li> <li>北马其顿 <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%B6%E9%A0%93%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="馬其頓鐵路">МЖ</a></li> <li>挪威 <a href="/wiki/Vy_(%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8)" title="Vy (鐵路公司)">Vy</a></li> <li>波兰 <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="波兰国家铁路">PKP</a></li> <li>葡萄牙 <a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="葡萄牙铁路">CP</a></li> <li>罗马尼亚 <a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="罗马尼亚铁路">CFR</a></li> <li>俄罗斯<sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="俄罗斯铁路">РЖД</a></li> <li>塞尔维亚 <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="塞尔维亚铁路">ЖС</a> / <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="塞爾維亞列車" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Srbija Voz"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E%E5%88%97%E8%BB%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塞爾維亞列車（页面不存在）">СВ</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srbija_Voz" class="extiw" title="en:Srbija Voz"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Srbija Voz</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>斯洛伐克 <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="斯洛伐克共和國鐵路">ŽSSK</a></li> <li>斯洛文尼亚 <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="斯洛文尼亚铁路">SŽ</a></li> <li>西班牙 <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="西班牙國家鐵路">Renfe</a></li> <li>瑞典 <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="瑞典國家鐵路">SJ</a></li> <li>瑞士 <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="瑞士聯邦鐵路">SBB CFF FFS</a></li> <li>土耳其<sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="土耳其國家鐵路">TCDD</a> / <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="TCDD運輸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="TCDD Taşımacılık"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=TCDD%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TCDD運輸（页面不存在）">Taşımacılık</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCDD_Ta%C5%9F%C4%B1mac%C4%B1l%C4%B1k" class="extiw" title="en:TCDD Taşımacılık"><span lang="en" dir="auto">TCDD Taşımacılık</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>乌克兰 <a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="乌克兰铁路">УЗ</a></li> <li>英国 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A8%E5%9C%8B%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="英國全國鐵路">NR</a><sup><small>4</small></sup> / <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="北愛爾蘭鐵路">NIR</a><sup><small>5</small></sup><br /></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E6%89%BF%E8%AE%A4%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="有限承认国家列表">未被普遍承认的国家</a>：阿布哈兹<sup><small>1</small></sup> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿布哈兹铁路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abkhazian railway"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E5%85%B9%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿布哈兹铁路（页面不存在）">АА</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhazian_railway" class="extiw" title="en:Abkhazian railway"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abkhazian railway</span></a></span>）</span></span> • 科索沃 <a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%B4%A2%E6%B2%83%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="科索沃铁路">HK/KŽ</a> • 德涅斯特河沿岸 <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B6%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%BF%E5%B2%B8%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="聶斯特河沿岸鐵路">ПЖД</a> </p> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup>为<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%A8%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="跨大陸國家列表">跨越</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a>的国家</li> <li><sup><small>2</small></sup>属<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%A3%AB%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="波士尼亞與赫塞哥維納聯邦">波黑联邦</a></li> <li><sup><small>3</small></sup>属<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%97%8F%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="塞族共和國">塞族共和國</a></li> <li><sup><small>4</small></sup>屬<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="大不列顛">大不列顛</a></li> <li><sup><small>5</small></sup>屬<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="北愛爾蘭">北愛爾蘭</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9322#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125464491">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125464491">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/3020305-3">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007260488305171">以色列</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007436649305171">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no96058376">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/001138352">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span 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