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irradiation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Gamma ray irradiation"> <meta name="keywords" content="Gamma ray irradiation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Gamma ray irradiation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 277</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Gamma ray irradiation</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">277</span> Gamma Irradiation Effects on the Magnetic Properties of Hard Ferrites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Abbas%20Pour%20Khotbehsara">F. Abbas Pour Khotbehsara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Salehpour"> B. Salehpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Kianvash"> A. Kianvash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many industrial materials like magnets need to be tested for the radiation environment expected at linear colliders (LC) where the accelerator and detectors will be subjected to large influences of beta, neutron and gamma鈥檚 over their life Gamma irradiation of the permanent sample magnets using a 60Co source was investigated up to an absorbed dose of 700Mrad shows a negligible effect on some magnetic properties of Nd-Fe-B. In this work it has been tried to investigate the change of some important properties of Barium hexa ferrite. Results showed little decreases of magnetic properties at doses rang of 0.5 to 2.5 Mrad. But at the gamma irradiation dose up to 10 Mrad it is showed a few increase of properties. Also study of gamma irradiation of Nd-Fe-B showed considerably increase of magnetic properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gamma%20ray%20irradiation" title="Gamma ray irradiation">Gamma ray irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hard%20Ferrite" title=" Hard Ferrite"> Hard Ferrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magnetic%0D%0Acoefficient" title=" Magnetic coefficient"> Magnetic coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radiation%20dose." title=" Radiation dose."> Radiation dose.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/gamma-irradiation-effects-on-the-magnetic-properties-of-hard-ferrites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2658</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">276</span> Gamma Irradiation Effect on Structural and Optical Properties of Bismuth-Boro-Tellurite Glasses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Azuraida">A. Azuraida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20K.%20Halimah"> M. K. Halimah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20A.%20C.%20Azurahanim"> C. A. C. Azurahanim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Ishak"> M. Ishak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The changes of the optical and structural properties of Bismuth-Boro-Tellurite glasses pre and post gamma irradiation were studied. Six glass samples, with different composition [(TeO2)0.7 (B2O3)0.3]1-x (Bi2O3)x prepared by melt quenching method were irradiated with 25kGy gamma radiation at room temperature. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to explore the structural bonding in the prepared glass samples due to exposure, while UV-VIS Spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the changes in the optical properties before and after irradiation. Gamma irradiation causes profound changes in the peak intensity as shown by FTIR spectra which is due to the breaking of the network bonding. Before gamma irradiation, the optical band gap, Eg value decreased from 2.44 eV to 2.15 eV with the addition of Bismuth content. The value kept decreasing (from 2.18 eV to 2.00 eV) following exposure to gamma radiation due to the increase of non-bridging oxygen (NBO) and the increase of defect in the glass. In conclusion, the glass with high content of Bi2O3 (0.30Bi) give smallest Eg and show less changes in FTIR spectra after gamma irradiation which indicate that this glass is more resistant to gamma radiation compared to other glasses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Boro-Tellurite" title="Boro-Tellurite">Boro-Tellurite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bismuth" title=" bismuth"> bismuth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gamma%20radiation" title=" gamma radiation"> gamma radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optical%0D%0Aproperties." title=" optical properties."> optical properties.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/gamma-irradiation-effect-on-structural-and-optical-properties-of-bismuth-boro-tellurite-glasses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">275</span> Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO/Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Sowri%20Babu">K. Sowri Babu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Srinath"> P. Srinath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Rajeswara%20Rao"> N. Rajeswara Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Venugopal%20Reddy"> K. Venugopal Reddy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The effect of gamma ray irradiation on morphology and optical properties of ZnO/Mesoporous silica (MPS) nanocomposite was studied. The ZnO/MPS nanocomposite was irradiated with gamma rays of doses 30, 60, and 90 kGy and dose-rate of irradiation was 0.15 kGy/hour. Irradiated samples are characterized with FE-SEM, FT-IR, UV-vis, and Photoluminescence (PL) spectrometers. SEM pictures showed that morphology changed from spherical to flake like morphology. UV-vis analysis showed that the band gap increased with increase of gamma ray irradiation dose. This enhancement of the band gap is assigned to the depletion of oxygen vacancies with irradiation. The intensity of PL peak decreased gradually with increase of gamma ray irradiation dose. The decrease in PL intensity is attributed to the decrease of oxygen vacancies at the interface due to poor interface and improper passivation between ZnO/MPS.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ZnO%20nanoparticles" title="ZnO nanoparticles">ZnO nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=photoluminescence" title=" photoluminescence"> photoluminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=porous%20silicon" title=" porous silicon"> porous silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanocomposites." title=" nanocomposites. "> nanocomposites. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/effect-of-gamma-irradiation-on-structural-and-optical-properties-of-znomesoporous-silica-nanocomposite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">274</span> Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Iranian Native Fresh Barberry Fruit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Samira%20Berenji%20Ardestani">Samira Berenji Ardestani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hamid%20Reza%20Akhavan"> Hamid Reza Akhavan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gamma irradiation greatly reduces the potential microbiological risk of fresh fruits, resulting in improved microbial safety as well as extending their shelf life. The effects of 0.5-2 kGy gamma doses on some physicochemical, microbial and sensory properties of fresh barberry fruits (<em>Berberis vulgaris</em>) during refrigerated storage for 40 days were evaluated. The total anthocyanin and total phenolic contents of barberry fruits decreased in a dose-dependent manner immediately after irradiation and after subsequent storage. In general, it is recommended that, according to the effect of gamma radiation on physicochemical, microbial and sensorial characteristics, doses of 1.25-2 kGy could be used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Antioxidant%20property" title="Antioxidant property">Antioxidant property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=barberry%20fruit" title=" barberry fruit"> barberry fruit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chemical%20properties" title=" chemical properties"> chemical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gamma%20irradiation." title=" gamma irradiation. "> gamma irradiation. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/effects-of-gamma-irradiation-on-chemical-and-antioxidant-properties-of-iranian-native-fresh-barberry-fruit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">723</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">273</span> Study of 纬 Irradiation and Storage Time on Microbial Load and Chemical Quality of Persian Saffron</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Jouki">M. Jouki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Khazaei"> N. Khazaei </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Kalbasi"> A. Kalbasi </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Tavakolipour"> H. Tavakolipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Rajabifar"> S. Rajabifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Motamedi.%20Sedeh"> F. Motamedi. Sedeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Jouki"> A. Jouki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Irradiation is considered one of the most efficient technological processes for the reduction of microorganisms in food. It can be used to improve the safety of food products, and to extend their shelf lives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gamma irradiation for improvement of saffron shelf life. Samples were treated with 0 (none irradiated), 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 kGy of gamma irradiation and held for 2 months. The control and irradiated samples were underwent microbial analysis, chemical characteristics and sensory evaluation at 30 days intervals. Microbial analysis indicated that irradiation had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the reduction of microbial loads. There was no significant difference in sensory quality and chemical characteristics during storage in saffron.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gamma%20irradiation" title="gamma irradiation">gamma irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=saffron" title=" saffron"> saffron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microbes" title=" microbes"> microbes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=contamination." title=" contamination."> contamination.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/study-of-gh-irradiation-and-storage-time-on-microbial-load-and-chemical-quality-of-persian-saffron" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/858.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">272</span> Modification of Electrical and Switching Characteristics of a Non Punch-Through Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor by Gamma Irradiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hani%20Baek">Hani Baek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gwang%20Min%20Sun"> Gwang Min Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chansun%20Shin"> Chansun Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sung%20Ho%20Ahn"> Sung Ho Ahn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fast neutron irradiation using nuclear reactors is an effective method to improve switching loss and short circuit durability of power semiconductor (insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) and insulated gate transistors (IGT), etc.). However, not only fast neutrons but also thermal neutrons, epithermal neutrons and gamma exist in the nuclear reactor. And the electrical properties of the IGBT may be deteriorated by the irradiation of gamma. Gamma irradiation damages are known to be caused by Total Ionizing Dose (TID) effect and Single Event Effect (SEE), Displacement Damage. Especially, the TID effect deteriorated the electrical properties such as leakage current and threshold voltage of a power semiconductor. This work can confirm the effect of the gamma irradiation on the electrical properties of 600 V NPT-IGBT. Irradiation of gamma forms lattice defects in the gate oxide and Si-SiO<sub>2</sub> interface of the IGBT. It was confirmed that this lattice defect acts on the center of the trap and affects the threshold voltage, thereby negatively shifted the threshold voltage according to TID. In addition to the change in the carrier mobility, the conductivity modulation decreases in the n-drift region, indicating a negative influence that the forward voltage drop decreases. The turn-off delay time of the device before irradiation was 212 ns. Those of 2.5, 10, 30, 70 and 100 kRad(Si) were 225, 258, 311, 328, and 350 ns, respectively. The gamma irradiation increased the turn-off delay time of the IGBT by approximately 65%, and the switching characteristics deteriorated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NPT-IGBT" title="NPT-IGBT">NPT-IGBT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gamma%20irradiation" title=" gamma irradiation"> gamma irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=switching" title=" switching"> switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=turn-off%20delay%20time" title=" turn-off delay time"> turn-off delay time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=recombination" title=" recombination"> recombination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trap%20center." title=" trap center."> trap center.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/modification-of-electrical-and-switching-characteristics-of-a-non-punch-through-insulated-gate-bipolar-transistor-by-gamma-irradiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">871</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">271</span> Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Crystalline Structure of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adriana%20Souza%20M.%20Batista">Adriana Souza M. Batista</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cl%C3%A1ubia%20Pereira"> Cl谩ubia Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Luiz%20O.%20Faria"> Luiz O. Faria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The irradiation of polymeric materials has received much attention because it can produce diverse changes in chemical structure and physical properties. Thus, studying the chemical and structural changes of polymers is important in practice to achieve optimal conditions for the modification of polymers. The effect of gamma irradiation on the crystalline structure of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction techniques (XRD). Gamma irradiation was carried out in atmosphere air with doses between 100 kGy at 3,000 kGy with a Co-60 source. In the melting thermogram of the samples irradiated can be seen a bimodal melting endotherm is detected with two melting temperature. The lower melting temperature is attributed to melting of crystals originally present and the higher melting peak due to melting of crystals reorganized upon heat treatment. These results are consistent with those obtained by XRD technique showing increasing crystallinity with increasing irradiation dose, although the melting latent heat is decreasing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Differential%20scanning%20calorimetry" title="Differential scanning calorimetry">Differential scanning calorimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gamma%0D%0Airradiation" title=" gamma irradiation"> gamma irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PVDF" title=" PVDF"> PVDF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-ray%20diffraction%20technique." title=" X-ray diffraction technique."> X-ray diffraction technique.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/effect-of-gamma-irradiation-on-the-crystalline-structure-of-polyvinylidene-fluoride" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1617</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">270</span> Radiation Effects in the PVDF/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Juliana%20V.%20Pereira">Juliana V. Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adriana%20S.%20M.%20Batista"> Adriana S. M. Batista</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jefferson%20P.%20Nascimento"> Jefferson P. Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Clasc%C3%ADdia%20A.%20Furtado"> Clasc铆dia A. Furtado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Luiz%20O.%20Faria"> Luiz O. Faria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Exposure to ionizing radiation has been found to induce changes in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) homopolymers. The high dose gamma irradiation process induces the formation of C=C and C=O bonds in its [CH<sub>2</sub>-CF<sub>2</sub>]<sub>n</sub> main chain. The irradiation also provokes crosslinking and chain scission. All these radio-induced defects lead to changes in the PVDF crystalline structure. As a consequence, it is common to observe a decrease in the melting temperature (T<sub>M</sub>) and melting latent heat (L<sub>M</sub>) and some changes in its ferroelectric features. We have investigated the possibility of preparing nanocomposites of PVDF with graphene oxide (GO) through the radio-induction of molecular bonds. In this work, we discuss how the gamma radiation interacts with the nanocomposite crystalline structure.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gamma%20irradiation" title="Gamma irradiation">Gamma irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=grapheme%20oxide" title=" grapheme oxide"> grapheme oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanocomposites" title=" nanocomposites"> nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PVDF." title=" PVDF. "> PVDF. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/radiation-effects-in-the-pvdfgraphene-oxide-nanocomposites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">269</span> Investigation of Threshold Voltage Shift in Gamma Irradiated N-Channel and P-Channel MOS Transistors of CD4007</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Boorboor">S. Boorboor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20A.%20H.%20Feghhi"> S. A. H. Feghhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Jafari"> H. Jafari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The ionizing radiations cause different kinds of damages in electronic components. MOSFETs, most common transistors in today’s digital and analog circuits, are severely sensitive to TID damage. In this work, the threshold voltage shift of CD4007 device, which is an integrated circuit including P-channel and N-channel MOS transistors, was investigated for low dose gamma irradiation under different gate bias voltages. We used linear extrapolation method to extract threshold voltage from I<sub>D</sub>-V<sub>G</sub> characteristic curve. The results showed that the threshold voltage shift was approximately 27.5 mV/Gy for N-channel and 3.5 mV/Gy for P-channel transistors at the gate bias of |9 V| after irradiation by Co-60 gamma ray source. Although the sensitivity of the devices under test were strongly dependent to biasing condition and transistor type, the threshold voltage shifted linearly versus accumulated dose in all cases. The overall results show that the application of CD4007 as an electronic buffer in a radiation therapy system is limited by TID damage. However, this integrated circuit can be used as a cheap and sensitive radiation dosimeter for accumulated dose measurement in radiation therapy systems.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Threshold%20voltage%20shift" title="Threshold voltage shift">Threshold voltage shift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MOS%20transistor" title=" MOS transistor"> MOS transistor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=linear%20extrapolation" title=" linear extrapolation"> linear extrapolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gamma%20irradiation." title=" gamma irradiation."> gamma irradiation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/investigation-of-threshold-voltage-shift-in-gamma-irradiated-n-channel-and-p-channel-mos-transistors-of-cd4007" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007002.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">268</span> Characterization of Gamma Irradiated PVDF and PVDF/Graphene Oxide Composites by Spectroscopic Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Juliana%20V.%20Pereira">Juliana V. Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adriana%20S.%20M.%20Batista"> Adriana S. M. Batista</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jefferson%20P.%20Nascimento"> Jefferson P. Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Clasc%C3%ADdia%20A.%20Furtado"> Clasc铆dia A. Furtado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Luiz%20O.%20Faria"> Luiz O. Faria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The combination of the properties of graphene oxide (OG) and PVDF homopolymer makes their combined composite materials as multifunctional systems with great potential. Knowledge of the molecular structure is essential for better use. In this work, the degradation of PVDF polymer exposed to gamma irradiation in oxygen atmosphere in high dose rate has been studied and compared to degradation of PVDF/OG composites. The samples were irradiated with a Co-60 source at constant dose rate, with doses ranging from 100 kGy to 1,000 kGy. In FTIR data shown that the formation of oxidation products was at the both samples with formation of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups amongst the most prevalent products in the pure PVDF samples. In the other hand, the composites samples exhibit less presence of degradation products with predominant formation of carbonyl groups, these results also seen in the UV-Vis analysis. The results show that the samples of composites may have greater resistance to the irradiation process, since they have less degradation products than pure PVDF samples seen by spectroscopic techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gamma%20irradiation" title="Gamma irradiation">Gamma irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PVDF" title=" PVDF"> PVDF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PVDF%2FOG%20composites" title=" PVDF/OG composites"> PVDF/OG composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spectroscopic%20techniques." title=" spectroscopic techniques."> spectroscopic techniques.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/characterization-of-gamma-irradiated-pvdf-and-pvdfgraphene-oxide-composites-by-spectroscopic-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">267</span> Ameliorating Effects of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Chlorophytum borivillianum against Gamma Radiation Induced Oxidative Stress in Testis of Swiss Albino Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ruchi%20Vyas">Ruchi Vyas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sanjay%20Singh"> Sanjay Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rashmi%20Sisodia"> Rashmi Sisodia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p><em>Chlorophytum borivillianum </em>root extract (CBE) was chosen as a reducing agent to fabricate silver nanoparticles with the aim of studying its radioprotective efficacy. The formation of synthesized nanoparticles was characterized by UV–visible analysis (UV–vis), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscope (SEM). TEM analysis showed particles size in the range of 20-30 nm. For this study, Swiss albino mice were selected from inbred colony and were divided into 4 groups: group I- control (irradiated-6 Gy), group II- normal (vehicle treated), group III- plant extract alone and group IV- CB-AgNPs (dose of 50 mg/kg body wt./day) administered orally for 7 consecutive days before irradiation to serve as experimental. CB-AgNPs pretreatment rendered significant increase in body weight and testes weight at various post irradiation intervals in comparison to irradiated group. Supplementation of CB-AgNPs reversed the adverse effects of gamma radiation on biochemical parameters as it notably ameliorated the elevation in lipid peroxidation and decline in glutathione concentration in testes. These observations indicate the radio-protective potential of CB-AgNPs in testicular constituents against gamma irradiation in mice.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chlorophytum%20borivillianum" title="Chlorophytum borivillianum">Chlorophytum borivillianum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gamma%20radiation" title=" gamma radiation"> gamma radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radioprotective" title=" radioprotective"> radioprotective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles." title=" silver nanoparticles. "> silver nanoparticles. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/ameliorating-effects-of-silver-nanoparticles-synthesized-using-chlorophytum-borivillianum-against-gamma-radiation-induced-oxidative-stress-in-testis-of-swiss-albino-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011121.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">942</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">266</span> Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Microhardness of Polymer Blends of Poly (Ethyl Methacrylate)(Pema) and Poly (Ethylene Oxide) (Peo)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sanjay%20Kumar%20Awasthi">Sanjay Kumar Awasthi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sunil%20Kumar%20Bajpai"> Sunil Kumar Bajpai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Surendra%20Kumar%20Pandey"> Surendra Kumar Pandey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ajay%20Utiye"> Ajay Utiye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The effect of gamma irradiation on micro-hardness of polymer blends of poly (ethyl methacrylate)(PEMA) and poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) has been investigated to detect the radiation induced crosslinking. The blend system comprises a noncrystallizable polymer, PEMA and a crystallizable polymer, PEO. On irradiation, the overall hardness of the blend specimens for different dose levels infers occurrence of a crosslinking process. The radiation-induced crosslinking was greater for blends having lower concentration of PEO. However, increase in radiation dose causes softening of blend system due to radiation induced scissioning of the chains</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microhardness" title="Microhardness">Microhardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radiation%20induced%20crosslinking" title=" Radiation induced crosslinking"> Radiation induced crosslinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Solution%20cast%20technique" title=" Solution cast technique"> Solution cast technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vicker%27s%20hardness%20number." title=" Vicker's hardness number."> Vicker's hardness number.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/effect-of-gamma-irradiation-on-the-microhardness-of-polymer-blends-of-poly-ethyl-methacrylatepema-and-poly-ethylene-oxide-peo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2582</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">265</span> Tailormade Geometric Properties of Chitosan by Gamma Irradiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Elashhab">F. Elashhab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Sheha"> L. Sheha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Fawzi%20Elsupikhe"> R. Fawzi Elsupikhe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20E.%20A.%20Youssef"> A. E. A. Youssef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20M.%20Sheltami"> R. M. Sheltami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Alfazani"> T. Alfazani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Chitosans, CSs, in solution are increasingly used in a range of geometric properties in various academic and industrial sectors, especially in the domain of pharmaceutical and biomedical engineering. In order to provide a tailoring guide of CSs to the applicants, gamma (纬)-irradiation technology and simple viscosity measurements have been used in this study. Accordingly, CS solid discs (0.5 cm thickness and 2.5 cm diameter) were exposed in air to Cobalt-60 (纬)-radiation, at room temperature and constant 50 kGy dose for different periods of exposer time (t纬). Diluted solutions of native and different irradiated CS were then prepared by dissolving 1.25 mg cm-3 of each polymer in 0.1 M NaCl/0.2 M CH3COOH. The single-concentration relative viscosity (茷r) measurements were employed to obtain their intrinsic viscosity ([茷]) values and interrelated parameters, like: the molar mass (M茷), hydrodynamic radiuses (RH,茷), radius of gyration (RG,茷), and second virial coefficient (A2,茷) of CSs in the solution. The results show an exponential decrease of 茷r, [茷], M茷, RH,茷 and RG,茷 with increasing t纬. This suggests the influence of random chain-scission of CSs glycosidic bonds, with rate constant kr and kr-1 (lifetime 蟿r ~ 0.017 min-1 and 57.14 min, respectively). The results also show an exponential decrease of A2茷 with increasing t纬, which can be attributed to the growth of excluded volume effect in CS segments by t纬 and, hence, better solution quality. The results are represented in following scaling laws as a tailoring guide to the applicants: RH,茷 = 6.98 x 10-3 Mr0.65; RG,茷 = 7.09 x 10-4 Mr0.83; A2,茷 = 121.03 M茷,r-0.19.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gamma%20irradiation" title="Gamma irradiation">Gamma irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=geometric%20properties" title=" geometric properties"> geometric properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kinetic%0D%0Amodel" title=" kinetic model"> kinetic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=scaling%20laws" title=" scaling laws"> scaling laws</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=viscosity%20measurement." title=" viscosity measurement."> viscosity measurement.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/tailormade-geometric-properties-of-chitosan-by-gamma-irradiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">264</span> Effect of Dose Rate of Irradiation on Ultrastructure of Duodenal Mucosa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Lab%C3%A9jof">L. Lab茅jof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Moror%C3%B3"> I. Moror贸</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Galle"> P. Galle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Barbosa"> G. Barbosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.I.%20Severo"> M.I. Severo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.H.%20de%20Oliveira"> A.H. de Oliveira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultrastructure of duodenum mucosa of irradiated rat was studied versus dose rate of irradiation following exposure to gamma rays from 60-Cobalt source. The animals were whole body irradiated at two dose rates (1 Gy.mn-1 and 1 Gy.h-1) and three total doses (1, 2 or 4 Gy) for each dose rate. 24 or 48 h after irradiation, their small intestine was removed and samples of duodenum were processed for observations under a transmission electron microscopy. Samples of duodenum mucosa of control rats were processed in the same way. For the lower dose rate of 1 Gy.h-1, main lesions characteristic of apoptosis were detected within irradiated enterocytes at a total dose of 2 Gy and 24 h after exposure. Necrosis was noted in the samples, 48 h after exposition. For the higher dose rate of 1 Gy.mn-1, fewer changes were detected at all total doses 24 or 48 h irradiation. Thus, it was shown that the appearance of radiationinduced alterations varies not only with increasing total dose and post-irradiation time but especially with decreasing dose rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dose%20rate" title="Dose rate">Dose rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radiation%20Inury" title=" Radiation Inury"> Radiation Inury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Apoptosis" title=" Apoptosis"> Apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SmallBowel" title=" SmallBowel"> SmallBowel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/effect-of-dose-rate-of-irradiation-on-ultrastructure-of-duodenal-mucosa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1947</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">263</span> Effects of Gamma Radiation on Tomato Leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ak%C4%B1n%20Kuyulu">Ak谋n Kuyulu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hanife%20Gen%C3%A7"> Hanife Gen莽</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In present study, it was aimed to evaluate the gamma radiation impacts on tomato leaf miner at different biological stages. The laboratory colony of tomato leaf miner was used to set up the experiments. Different biological stages of the insects (eggs, 4<sup>th</sup> instars and pupae) were irradiated using Cobalt-60 at doses of 0 (control), 100 Gray (Gy), 200 Gy, 300 Gy and 400 Gy in Cos-44HH-N source, at dose rate of 480 Gy/h. After irradiation, the eggs were incubated until hatching; the mature larvae were reared to complete their developments. Adult emergences from irradiated pupae were also evaluated. The results showed that there were no egg hatching at all tested irradiation doses. Although, the pupal percentages of irradiated mature larvae were 54%, 15% and 8% at doses of 100 Gy, 200 Gy and 300 Gy respectively, there were no adult emergences from irradiated mature larvae. On the other hand, the adult emergences were observed from irradiated pupae, decreased as radiation doses increased along with malformed adult appearance. Male and female individuals were out crossed with laboratory reared adults. Fecundity was correlated with radiation doses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Irradiation" title="Irradiation">Irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tomato" title=" tomato"> tomato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tomato%20leafminer" title=" tomato leafminer"> tomato leafminer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tuta%20absoluta." title=" Tuta absoluta."> Tuta absoluta.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/effects-of-gamma-radiation-on-tomato-leafminer-tuta-absoluta-meyrick-lepidoptera-gelechiidae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1584</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">262</span> Process Development of Safe and Ready-to-eat Raw Oyster Meat by Irradiation Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pattama%20Ratana-Arporn">Pattama Ratana-Arporn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pongtep%20Wilaipun"> Pongtep Wilaipun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> White scar oyster (Crassostrea belcheri) is often eaten raw and being the leading vehicle for foodborne disease, especially Salmonella Weltevreden which exposed the prominent and most resistant to radiation. Gamma irradiation at a low dose of 1 kGy was enough to eliminate S. Weltevreden contaminated in oyster meat at a level up to 5 log CFU/g while it still retain the raw characteristics and equivalent sensory quality as the non-irradiated one. Process development of ready-to-eat chilled oyster meat was conducted by shucking the meat, individually packed in plastic bags, subjected to 1 kGy gamma radiation at chilled condition and then stored in 4oC refrigerated temperature. Microbiological determination showed the absence of S. Weltevreden (5 log CFU/g initial inoculated) along the whole storage time of 30 days. Sensory evaluation indicated the decreasing in sensory scores along storage time which determining the product shelf life to be 18 days compared to 15 days of nonirradiated one. The most advantage of developed process was to provide the safe raw oyster to consumers and in addition sensory quality retained and 3-day extension shelf life also exist. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=decontamination" title="decontamination">decontamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=food%20safety" title=" food safety"> food safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=irradiation" title=" irradiation"> irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=oyster" title=" oyster"> oyster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Salmonella%20Weltevreden" title=" Salmonella Weltevreden"> Salmonella Weltevreden</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/process-development-of-safe-and-ready-to-eat-raw-oyster-meat-by-irradiation-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1684</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">261</span> On Properties of Generalized Bi-螕-Ideals of 螕-Semirings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Teerayut%20Chomchuen">Teerayut Chomchuen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aiyared%20Iampan"> Aiyared Iampan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The notion of Γ-semirings was introduced by Murali Krishna Rao as a generalization of the notion of Γ-rings as well as of semirings. We have known that the notion of Γ-semirings is a generalization of the notion of semirings. In this paper, extending Kaushik, Moin and Khan’s work, we generalize the notion of generalized bi-Γ-ideals of Γ-semirings and investigate some related properties of generalized bi-Γ-ideals.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%CE%93-semiring" title="螕-semiring">螕-semiring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bi-%CE%93-ideal" title=" bi-螕-ideal"> bi-螕-ideal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=generalized%20bi-%CE%93-ideal." title=" generalized bi-螕-ideal."> generalized bi-螕-ideal.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/on-properties-of-generalized-bi-g-ideals-of-g-semirings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17224.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">260</span> Quadratic Irrationals, Quadratic Ideals and Indefinite Quadratic Forms II</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmet%20Tekcan">Ahmet Tekcan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Arzu%20%C3%96zko%C3%A7"> Arzu 脰zko莽</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Let D = 1 be a positive non-square integer and let δ = √D or 1+√D 2 be a real quadratic irrational with trace t =δ + δ and norm n = δδ. Let γ = P+δ Q be a quadratic irrational for positive integers P and Q. Given a quadratic irrational γ, there exist a quadratic ideal Iγ = [Q, δ + P] and an inde铿乶ite quadratic form Fγ(x, y) = Q(x−γy)(x−γy) of discriminant Δ = t 2−4n. In the 铿乺st section, we give some preliminaries form binary quadratic forms, quadratic irrationals and quadratic ideals. In the second section, we obtain some results on γ, Iγ and Fγ for some speci铿乧 values of Q and P.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Quadratic%20irrationals" title="Quadratic irrationals">Quadratic irrationals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=quadratic%20ideals" title=" quadratic ideals"> quadratic ideals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=indefinite%20quadratic%20forms" title=" indefinite quadratic forms"> indefinite quadratic forms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=extended%20modular%20group." title=" extended modular group."> extended modular group.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/quadratic-irrationals-quadratic-ideals-and-indefinite-quadratic-forms-ii" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">259</span> Stabilization of 纬-Sterilized Food-Packaging Materials by Synergistic Mixtures of Food-Contact Approval Stabilizers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sameh%20A.%20S.%20Alariqi">Sameh A. S. Alariqi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Food is widely packaged with plastic materials to prevent microbial contamination and spoilage. Ionizing radiation is widely used to sterilize the food-packaging materials. Sterilization by γ-radiation causes degradation such as embrittlement, stiffening, softening, discoloration, odour generation, and decrease in molecular weight. Many antioxidants can prevent γ-degradation but most of them are toxic. The migration of antioxidants to its environment gives rise to major concerns in case of food packaging plastics. In this attempt, we have aimed to utilize synergistic mixtures of stabilizers which are approved for food-contact applications. Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer has been melt-mixed with hindered amine stabilizers (HAS), phenolic antioxidants and organophosphites (hydroperoxide decomposer). Results were discussed by comparing the stabilizing efficiency of mixtures with and without phenol system. Among phenol containing systems where we mostly observed discoloration due to the oxidation of hindered phenol, the combination of secondary HAS, tertiary HAS, organo-phosphite and hindered phenol exhibited improved stabilization efficiency than single or binary additive systems. The mixture of secondary HAS and tertiary HAS, has shown antagonistic effect of stabilization. However, the combination of organo-phosphite with secondary HAS, tertiary HAS and phenol antioxidants have been found to give synergistic even at higher doses of Gamma-irradiation. The effects have been explained through the interaction between the stabilizers. After γ-irradiation, the consumption of oligomeric stabilizer significantly depends on the components of stabilization mixture. The effect of the organo-phosphite antioxidant on the overall stability has been discussed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ethylene-propylene-diene%20terpolymer" title="Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer">Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Synergistic%0D%0Amixtures" title=" Synergistic mixtures"> Synergistic mixtures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gamma-sterilization%20and%20stabilization." title=" Gamma-sterilization and stabilization."> Gamma-sterilization and stabilization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/stabilization-of-gh-sterilized-food-packaging-materials-by-synergistic-mixtures-of-food-contact-approval-stabilizers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">5840</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">258</span> Solar Cell Degradation by Electron Irradiation Effect of Irradiation Fluence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Mazouz">H. Mazouz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Belghachi"> A. Belghachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Hadjaj"> F. Hadjaj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Solar cells used in orbit are exposed to radiation environment mainly protons and high energy electrons. These particles degrade the output parameters of the solar cell. The aim of this work is to characterize the effects of electron irradiation fluence on the J (V) characteristic and output parameters of GaAs solar cell by numerical simulation. The results obtained demonstrate that the electron irradiation-induced degradation of performances of the cells concerns mainly the short circuit current</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GaAs%20solar%20cell" title="GaAs solar cell">GaAs solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=1MeV%20electron%20irradiation" title=" 1MeV electron irradiation"> 1MeV electron irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=irradiation%20fluence." title=" irradiation fluence."> irradiation fluence.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/solar-cell-degradation-by-electron-irradiation-effect-of-irradiation-fluence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3866</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">257</span> Mass rearing and Effects of Gamma Irradiation on the Pupal Mortality and Reproduction of Citrus Leaf Miner Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shiva%20Osouli">Shiva Osouli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maryam%20Atapour"> Maryam Atapour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mehrdad%20Ahmadi"> Mehrdad Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shima%20Shokri"> Shima Shokri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Citrus leaf miner (<em>Phyllocnistis citrella</em> Stainton) is native to Asia and one of the most serious pests of Iran’s citrus nursery stocks. In the present study, the possibility of insect mass rearing on four various citrus hosts and the effects of gamma irradiation on the pupal mortality and reproduction of this pest were studied. Trifoliate orange and grapefruit showed less infection, while the number of pupae in Valencia oranges and sweet lemons cages was so high. There was not any significant difference between weight of male and female pupae among different citrus hosts, but generally the weight of male pupae was less than females. Use of Valencia orange or sweet lemons seedlings in especial dark emergence and oviposition cages could be recommended for mass rearing of this pest. In this study, the effects of gamma radiation at doses 100 to 450 Gy on biological and reproductive parameters of the pest has been determined. The results show that mean percent of pupal mortality increased with increasing doses and reached to 28.67% at 450 Gy for male pupae and 38.367% for female pupae. Also, the mean values of this parameter were higher for irradiated female, which indicated the higher sensitivity of this sex. The gamma ray irradiation from 200 and 300 Gy caused decrease in male and female adult moth longevity, respectively. The eggs were laid by emerged females, and their hatchability was decreased by increasing gamma doses. The fecundity of females in both combinations of crosses (irradiated male × normal female and irradiated female × normal male) did not differ, but fertility of laid eggs by irradiated female × normal male affected seriously and the mean values of this parameter reached to zero at 300 Gy. The hatchability percentage of produced eggs by normal female × irradiated male at 300 Gy was 23.29% and reached to less than 2 % at 450 Gy as the highest tested dose. The results of this test show that females have more radio-sensitivity in comparison to males.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Citrus%20leaf%20miner" title="Citrus leaf miner">Citrus leaf miner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Phyllocnistis%20citrella" title=" Phyllocnistis citrella"> Phyllocnistis citrella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=citrus%20hosts" title=" citrus hosts"> citrus hosts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mass%20rearing" title=" mass rearing"> mass rearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sterile%20insect%20technique." title=" sterile insect technique."> sterile insect technique.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/mass-rearing-and-effects-of-gamma-irradiation-on-the-pupal-mortality-and-reproduction-of-citrus-leaf-miner-phyllocnistis-citrella-stainton-lepidoptera-gracillariidae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">953</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">256</span> The effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Nutritional Properties of Functional Products of the Green Banana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magda%20S.%20Taipina">Magda S. Taipina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maria%20L.%20Garbelotti"> Maria L. Garbelotti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mariana%20G.B.%20Cadioli"> Mariana G.B. Cadioli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Banana is one of the most consumed fruits in the tropics and subtropics. Brazil accounts for about 9% of the world banana production. However, the production losses are as high as 30 to 40% and even much higher in some developing countries. The green banana flour is a complex carbohydrate source, including a high total starch (73.4%), resistant starch (17.5%) with functional properties. Gamma irradiation is considered to be an alternative method for food preservation. It has been performed due to the need of extending the shelf - life of foods, whilst maintaining their safety and avoiding one of the main concerns: the nutrient loss. In this work data about on the effects of ionizing radiation on the physicochemical analysis (carbohydrate, proteins, lipids, alimentary fiber, moistures and ashes) of Brazilian functional products (biscuits and bread) of the green banana pulp are presented. The caloric value was calculated. No significant difference was observed between the samples of irradiated and non – irradiated green banana biscuits with the following determinations: carbohydrates, proteins, alimentary fiber and ashes. Only a small significant difference was found in lipids (macronutrients). The results of physical chemical analysis of the irradiated and non- irradiated green banana bread non- irradiated showed no significant difference with the following determinations: carbohydrates, lipids (macronutrients), moisture, ashes and caloric value. A small difference was found in proteins (macronutrients). Irradiation of functional products (biscuits and bread) with doses of 1 and 3kGy maintained their original macronutrients content, showing good radioresistance.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Irradiation" title="Irradiation">Irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Functional%20Food" title=" Functional Food"> Functional Food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nutritional%20value." title=" Nutritional value."> Nutritional value.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/the-effect-of-gamma-irradiation-on-the-nutritional-properties-of-functional-products-of-the-green-banana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9591.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1668</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">255</span> Impact of Weather Conditions on Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing over Gamma Gamma Channel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Sameer%20Ahmed">Muhammad Sameer Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Piotr%20Remlein"> Piotr Remlein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tansal%20Gucluoglu"> Tansal Gucluoglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The technique called as Generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) used in the free space optical channel can be a good option for implementation free space optical communication systems. This technique has several strengths e.g. good spectral efficiency, low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), adaptability and low co-channel interference. In this paper, the impact of weather conditions such as haze, rain and fog on GFDM over the gamma-gamma channel model is discussed. A Trade off between link distance and system performance under intense weather conditions is also analysed. The symbol error probability (SEP) of GFDM over the gamma-gamma turbulence channel is derived and verified with the computer simulations.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Free%20space%20optics" title="Free space optics">Free space optics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=generalized%20frequency%20division%0D%0Amultiplexing" title=" generalized frequency division multiplexing"> generalized frequency division multiplexing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=weather%20conditions" title=" weather conditions"> weather conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gamma%20gamma%20distribution." title=" gamma gamma distribution."> gamma gamma distribution.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/impact-of-weather-conditions-on-generalized-frequency-division-multiplexing-over-gamma-gamma-channel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011562.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">681</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">254</span> Ellagic Acid Enhanced Apoptotic Radiosensitivity via G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and 纬-H2AX Foci Formation in HeLa Cells in vitro</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20R.%20Ahire">V. R. Ahire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Kumar"> A. Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20N.%20Pandey"> B. N. Pandey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20P.%20Mishra"> K. P. Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20R.%20Kulkarni"> G. R. Kulkarni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radiation therapy is an effective vital strategy used globally in the treatment of cervical cancer. However, radiation efficacy principally depends on the radiosensitivity of the tumor, and not all patient exhibit significant response to irradiation. A radiosensitive tumor is easier to cure than a radioresistant tumor which later advances to local recurrence and metastasis. Herbal polyphenols are gaining attention for exhibiting radiosensitization through various signaling. Current work focuses to study the radiosensitization effect of ellagic acid (EA), on HeLa cells. EA intermediated radiosensitization of HeLa cells was due to the induction γ-H2AX foci formation, G1 phase cell cycle arrest, and loss of reproductive potential, growth inhibition, drop in the mitochondrial membrane potential and protein expression studies that eventually induced apoptosis. Irradiation of HeLa in presence of EA (10 μM) to doses of 2 and 4 Gy γ-radiation produced marked tumor cytotoxicity. EA also demonstrated radio-protective effect on normal cell, NIH3T3 and aided recovery from the radiation damage. Our results advocate EA to be an effective adjuvant for improving cancer radiotherapy as it displays striking tumor cytotoxicity and reduced normal cell damage instigated by irradiation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Apoptotic%20radiosensitivity" title="Apoptotic radiosensitivity">Apoptotic radiosensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ellagic%20acid" title=" ellagic acid"> ellagic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mitochondrial%20potential" title=" mitochondrial potential"> mitochondrial potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cell-cycle%20arrest." title=" cell-cycle arrest. "> cell-cycle arrest. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/ellagic-acid-enhanced-apoptotic-radiosensitivity-via-g1-cell-cycle-arrest-and-gh-h2ax-foci-formation-in-hela-cells-in-vitro" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">876</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">253</span> Peculiarities of Internal Friction and Shear Modulus in 60Co 纬-Rays Irradiated Monocrystalline SiGe Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Kurashvili">I. Kurashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Darsavelidze"> G. Darsavelidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Kimeridze"> T. Kimeridze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Chubinidze"> G. Chubinidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Tabatadze"> I. Tabatadze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>At present, a number of modern semiconductor devices based on SiGe alloys have been created in which the latest achievements of high technologies are used. These devices might cause significant changes to networking, computing, and space technology. In the nearest future new materials based on SiGe will be able to restrict the A<sup>3</sup>B<sup>5</sup> and Si technologies and firmly establish themselves in medium frequency electronics. Effective realization of these prospects requires the solution of prediction and controlling of structural state and dynamical physical –mechanical properties of new SiGe materials. Based on these circumstances, a complex investigation of structural defects and structural-sensitive dynamic mechanical characteristics of SiGe alloys under different external impacts (deformation, radiation, thermal cycling) acquires great importance. Internal friction (IF) and shear modulus temperature and amplitude dependences of the monocrystalline boron-doped Si<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub>(x≤0.05) alloys grown by Czochralski technique is studied in initial and <sup>60</sup>Co gamma-irradiated states. In the initial samples, a set of dislocation origin relaxation processes and accompanying modulus defects are revealed in a temperature interval of 400-800 鈦癈. It is shown that after gamma-irradiation intensity of relaxation internal friction in the vicinity of 280 鈦癈 increases and simultaneously activation parameters of high temperature relaxation processes reveal clear rising. It is proposed that these changes of dynamical mechanical characteristics might be caused by a decrease of the dislocation mobility in the Cottrell atmosphere enriched by the radiation defects.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gamma-irradiation" title="Gamma-irradiation">Gamma-irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=internal%20friction" title=" internal friction"> internal friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=shear%20modulus" title=" shear modulus"> shear modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SiGe%20alloys." title=" SiGe alloys. "> SiGe alloys. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/peculiarities-of-internal-friction-and-shear-modulus-in-60co-gh-rays-irradiated-monocrystalline-sige-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">624</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">252</span> Nano-Alumina Sulfuric Acid: An Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 伪-Aminonitriles Derivatives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abbas%20Teimouri">Abbas Teimouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alireza%20Najafi%20Chermahini"> Alireza Najafi Chermahini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Leila%20Ghorbanian"> Leila Ghorbanian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>An efficient and green protocol for the synthesis of α- aminonitriles derivatives by one-pot reaction of different aldehydes with amines and trimethylsilyl cyanides has been developed using natural alumina, alumina sulfuric acid (ASA), nano-γ-alumina, nanoalumina sulfuric acid (nano-ASA) under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions. The advantages of methods are short reaction times, high yields, milder conditions and easy work up. The catalysts can be recovered for the subsequent reactions and reused without any appreciable loss of efficiency.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nano-%CE%B3-alumina" title="Nano-纬-alumina">Nano-纬-alumina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nano-alumina%20sulfuric%20acid" title=" nano-alumina sulfuric acid"> nano-alumina sulfuric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=green%0D%0Asynthesis" title=" green synthesis"> green synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20irradiation" title=" microwave irradiation"> microwave irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%CE%B1-aminonitriles%20derivatives." title=" 伪-aminonitriles derivatives."> 伪-aminonitriles derivatives.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/nano-alumina-sulfuric-acid-an-efficient-catalyst-for-the-synthesis-of-a-aminonitriles-derivatives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">5051</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">251</span> Growth of Droplet in Radiation-Induced Plasma of Own Steam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pavlo%20Selyshchev">Pavlo Selyshchev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The theoretical approach is developed to describe the change of drops in the atmosphere of own steam and buffer gas under irradiation. It is shown that the irradiation influences on size of stable droplet and on the conditions under which the droplet exists. Under irradiation the change of drop becomes more complex: the not monotone and periodical change of size of drop becomes possible. All possible solutions are represented by means of phase portrait. It is found all qualitatively different phase portraits as function of critical parameters: rate generation of clusters and substance density.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Irradiation" title="Irradiation">Irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=steam" title=" steam"> steam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=plasma" title=" plasma"> plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cluster%20formation" title=" cluster formation"> cluster formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=liquid%0D%0Adroplets" title=" liquid droplets"> liquid droplets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=evolution." title=" evolution."> evolution.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/growth-of-droplet-in-radiation-induced-plasma-of-own-steam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2092</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">250</span> On Q-Fuzzy Ideals in 螕-Semigroups</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Samit%20Kumar%20Majumder">Samit Kumar Majumder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper the concept of Q-fuzzi铿乧ation of ideals of Γ-semigroups has been introduced and some important properties have been investigated. A characterization of regular Γ-semigroup in terms of Q-fuzzy ideals has been obtained. Operator semigroups of a Γ-semigroup has been made to work by obtaining various relationships between Q-fuzzy ideals of a Γ-semigroup and that of its operator semigroups.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Q-Fuzzy%20set" title="Q-Fuzzy set">Q-Fuzzy set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%CE%93-semigroup" title=" 螕-semigroup"> 螕-semigroup</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Regular%20%CE%93-semigroup" title=" Regular 螕-semigroup"> Regular 螕-semigroup</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Q-Fuzzy%20left%28right%29%20ideal" title=" Q-Fuzzy left(right) ideal"> Q-Fuzzy left(right) ideal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Operator%20semigroups." title=" Operator semigroups."> Operator semigroups.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/on-q-fuzzy-ideals-in-g-semigroups" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2460.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2862</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">249</span> Effects of Microwave Heating on Biogas Production, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Volatile Solids Solubilization of Food Residues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ackmez%20Mudhoo">Ackmez Mudhoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pravish%20Rye%20Moorateeah"> Pravish Rye Moorateeah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Romeela%20Mohee"> Romeela Mohee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper presents the results of the preliminary investigation of microwave (MW) irradiation pretreatments on the anaerobic digestion of food residues using biochemical methane potential (BMP) assays. Low solids systems with a total solids (TS) content ranging from 5.0-10.0% were analyzed. The inoculum to bulk mass of substrates to water ratio was 1:2:2 (mass basis). The experimental conditions for pretreatments were as follows: a control (no MW irradiation), two runs with MW irradiation for 15 and 30 minutes at 320 W, and another two runs with MW irradiation at 528 W for 30 and 60 minutes. The cumulative biogas production were 6.3 L and 8.7 L for 15min/320 W and 30min/320 W MW irradiation conditions, respectively, and 10.5 L and 11.4 L biogas for 30min/528 W and 60min/528 W, respectively, as compared to the control giving 5.8 L biogas. Both an increase in exposure time of irradiation and power of MW had increased the rate and yield of biogas. Singlefactor ANOVA tests (p<0.05) indicated that the variations in VS, TS, COD and cumulative biogas generation were significantly different for the pretreatment conditions. Results from this study indicated that MW irradiation had enhanced the biogas production and degradation of total solids with a significant improvement in VS and COD solubilization.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20irradiation" title="microwave irradiation">microwave irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pretreatment" title=" pretreatment"> pretreatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=anaerobic%0D%0Adigestion" title=" anaerobic digestion"> anaerobic digestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=food%20residues." title=" food residues."> food residues.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/effects-of-microwave-heating-on-biogas-production-chemical-oxygen-demand-and-volatile-solids-solubilization-of-food-residues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">248</span> Radiation Stability of Pigment ZnO Modified by Nanopowder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chundong%20Li">Chundong Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20V.%20Neshchimenko"> V. V. Neshchimenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20M.%20Mikhailov"> M. M. Mikhailov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The effect of the modification of ZnO powders by ZrO<sub>2</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, SiO<sub>2</sub>, CeO<sub>2</sub> and Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles with a concentration of 1-30 wt % is investigated by diffuse reflectance spectra within the wavelength range 200 to 2500 nm before and after 100 keV proton and electron irradiation. It has been established that the introduction of nanoparticles ZrO<sub>2</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> enhances the optical stability of the pigments under proton irradiation, but reduces it under electron irradiation. Modifying with TiO<sub>2</sub>, SiO<sub>2</sub>, CeO<sub>2</sub>, Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanopowders leads to decrease radiation stability in both types of irradiation. Samples modified by 5 wt. % of ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles have the highest stability of optical properties after proton exposure. The degradation of optical properties under electron irradiation is not high for this concentration of nanoparticles. A decrease in the absorption of pigments modified with nanoparticles proton exposure is determined by a decrease in the intensity of bands located in the UV and visible regions. After electron exposure the absorption bands have in the whole spectrum range.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Irradiation" title="Irradiation">Irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanopowders" title=" nanopowders"> nanopowders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radiation%20stability" title=" radiation stability"> radiation stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=zinc%20oxide." title=" zinc oxide."> zinc oxide.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998262/radiation-stability-of-pigment-zno-modified-by-nanopowder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998262/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998262/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a 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