CINXE.COM
Image Gallery | NIST
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery","20231128043212","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1701145932"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <meta charset="utf-8"/><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["gov-bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"37b7ccb661",applicationID:"1089704227"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.248.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,n={234:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{P_:()=>h,Mt:()=>m,C5:()=>s,DL:()=>w,OP:()=>j,lF:()=>R,Yu:()=>_,Dg:()=>v,CX:()=>c,GE:()=>A,sU:()=>T});var r=n(8632),i=n(9567);const a={beacon:r.ce.beacon,errorBeacon:r.ce.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},o={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!o[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return o[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");o[e]=(0,i.D)(t,a);const n=(0,r.ek)(e);n&&(n.info=o[e])}const u=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var d=n(7056),l=n(50);const f=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{feature_flags:[],proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},session:{domain:void 0,expiresMs:d.oD,inactiveMs:d.Hb},ssl:void 0,obfuscate:void 0,jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_action:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,long_task:!1,autoStart:!0},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,sampling_rate:50,error_sampling_rate:50,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,inline_stylesheet:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){u(t)?e.mask_selector=t+",[data-nr-mask]":null===t?e.mask_selector=t:(0,l.Z)("An invalid session_replay.mask_selector was provided and will not be used",t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){u(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,l.Z)("An invalid session_replay.block_selector was provided and will not be used",t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,l.Z)("An invalid session_replay.mask_input_option was provided and will not be used",t)}},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0}}},g={},p="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(p);if(!g[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return g[e]}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(p);g[e]=(0,i.D)(t,f());const n=(0,r.ek)(e);n&&(n.init=g[e])}function m(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(p);var n=h(e);if(n){for(var r=t.split("."),i=0;i<r.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(n=n[r[i]]))return;n=n[r[r.length-1]]}return n}const b={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},y={};function w(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!y[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return y[e]}function A(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");y[e]=(0,i.D)(t,b);const n=(0,r.ek)(e);n&&(n.loader_config=y[e])}const _=(0,r.mF)().o;var x=n(385),D=n(6818);const k={buildEnv:D.Re,customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,distMethod:D.gF,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,offset:Math.floor(x._A?.performance?.timeOrigin||x._A?.performance?.timing?.navigationStart||Date.now()),onerror:void 0,origin:""+x._A.location,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},session:void 0,xhrWrappable:"function"==typeof x._A.XMLHttpRequest?.prototype?.addEventListener,version:D.q4,denyList:void 0},E={};function j(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!E[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return E[e]}function T(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");E[e]=(0,i.D)(t,k);const n=(0,r.ek)(e);n&&(n.runtime=E[e])}function R(e){return function(e){try{const t=s(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}(e)}},9567:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{D:()=>i});var r=n(50);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,r.Z)("Setting a Configurable requires an object as input");if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,r.Z)("Setting a Configurable requires a model to set its initial properties");const n=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),a=0===Object.keys(n).length?e:n;for(let o in a)if(void 0!==e[o])try{Array.isArray(e[o])&&Array.isArray(t[o])?n[o]=Array.from(new Set([...e[o],...t[o]])):"object"==typeof e[o]&&"object"==typeof t[o]?n[o]=i(e[o],t[o]):n[o]=e[o]}catch(e){(0,r.Z)("An error occurred while setting a property of a Configurable",e)}return n}catch(e){(0,r.Z)("An error occured while setting a Configurable",e)}}},6818:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{Re:()=>i,gF:()=>a,q4:()=>r});const r="1.248.0",i="PROD",a="CDN"},385:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{Nk:()=>d,Tt:()=>s,_A:()=>a,cv:()=>l,iS:()=>o,il:()=>r,ux:()=>c,v6:()=>i,w1:()=>u});const r="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,i="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=r?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),o=(a?.document?.readyState,Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState)),s=(a?.location,/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent)),c=s&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,u=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Boolean(r&&window.document.documentMode)),d=!!a.navigator?.sendBeacon,l=Math.floor(a?.performance?.timeOrigin||a?.performance?.timing?.navigationStart||Date.now())},1117:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{w:()=>a});var r=n(50);const i={agentIdentifier:"",ee:void 0};class a{constructor(e){try{if("object"!=typeof e)return(0,r.Z)("shared context requires an object as input");this.sharedContext={},Object.assign(this.sharedContext,i),Object.entries(e).forEach((e=>{let[t,n]=e;Object.keys(i).includes(t)&&(this.sharedContext[t]=n)}))}catch(e){(0,r.Z)("An error occured while setting SharedContext",e)}}}},8e3:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{L:()=>d,R:()=>c});var r=n(8325),i=n(1284),a=n(4322),o=n(3325);const s={};function c(e,t){const n={staged:!1,priority:o.p[t]||0};u(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,n)}function u(e){e&&(s[e]||(s[e]=new Map))}function d(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:"",t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:"feature";if(u(e),!e||!s[e].get(t))return o(t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0;const n=[...s[e]];function o(t){const n=e?r.ee.get(e):r.ee,o=a.X.handlers;if(n.backlog&&o){var s=n.backlog[t],c=o[t];if(c){for(var u=0;s&&u<s.length;++u)l(s[u],c);(0,i.D)(c,(function(e,t){(0,i.D)(t,(function(t,n){n[0].on(e,n[1])}))}))}delete o[t],n.backlog[t]=null,n.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}n.every((e=>{let[t,n]=e;return n.staged}))&&(n.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),n.forEach((t=>{let[n]=t;s[e].delete(n),o(n)})))}function l(e,t){var n=e[1];(0,i.D)(t[n],(function(t,n){var r=e[0];if(n[0]===r){var i=n[1],a=e[3],o=e[2];i.apply(a,o)}}))}},8325:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{A:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var r=n(8632),i=n(2210),a=n(234);class o{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}var s=n(3117);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.a),u=function e(t,n){var r={},s={},d={},f=!1;try{f=16===n.length&&(0,a.OP)(n).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var g={on:h,addEventListener:h,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var n=r[e];if(!n)return;for(var i=0;i<n.length;i++)n[i]===t&&n.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,n,r,i,a){!1!==a&&(a=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&a&&t.emit(e,n,r);for(var o=p(r),c=v(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(o,n);var f=b()[s[e]];f&&f.push([g,e,n,o]);return o},get:m,listeners:v,context:p,buffer:function(e,t){const n=b();if(t=t||"feature",g.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((e=>{let[r,i]=e;s[i]=t,t in n||(n[t]=[])}))},abort:l,aborted:!1,isBuffering:function(e){return!!b()[s[e]]},debugId:n,backlog:f?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{}};return g;function p(e){return e&&e instanceof o?e:e?(0,i.X)(e,c,(()=>new o(c))):new o(c)}function h(e,t){r[e]=v(e).concat(t)}function v(e){return r[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(g,t)}function b(){return g.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,r.fP)();function l(){u.aborted=!0,u.backlog={}}d.ee||(d.ee=u)},5546:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{E:()=>r,p:()=>i});var r=n(8325).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,n,i,a){a?(a.buffer([e],i),a.emit(e,t,n)):(r.buffer([e],i),r.emit(e,t,n))}},4322:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{X:()=>a});var r=n(5546);a.on=o;var i=a.handlers={};function a(e,t,n,a){o(a||r.E,i,e,t,n)}function o(e,t,n,i,a){a||(a="feature"),e||(e=r.E);var o=t[a]=t[a]||{};(o[n]=o[n]||[]).push([e,i])}},3239:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{bP:()=>s,iz:()=>c,m$:()=>o});var r=n(385);let i=!1,a=!1;try{const e={get passive(){return i=!0,!1},get signal(){return a=!0,!1}};r._A.addEventListener("test",null,e),r._A.removeEventListener("test",null,e)}catch(e){}function o(e,t){return i||a?{capture:!!e,passive:i,signal:t}:!!e}function s(e,t){let n=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2],r=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;window.addEventListener(e,t,o(n,r))}function c(e,t){let n=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2],r=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;document.addEventListener(e,t,o(n,r))}},3117:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{a:()=>r});const r=(0,n(4402).Rl)()},4402:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{Rl:()=>o,ky:()=>s});var r=n(385);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function a(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function o(){const e=r._A?.crypto||r._A?.msCrypto;let t,n=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?a(t,++n).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&a()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=r._A?.crypto||r._A?.msCrypto;let n,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(n=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));const o=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)o.push(a(n,++i).toString(16));return o.join("")}},7056:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{Bq:()=>r,Hb:()=>a,oD:()=>i});const r="NRBA",i=144e5,a=18e5},7894:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";function r(){return Math.round(performance.now())}n.d(t,{z:()=>r})},50:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";function r(e,t){"function"==typeof console.warn&&(console.warn("New Relic: ".concat(e)),t&&console.warn(t))}n.d(t,{Z:()=>r})},2825:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{N:()=>d,T:()=>l});var r=n(8325),i=n(5546),a=n(3325),o=n(385);const s="newrelic";const c={stn:[a.D.sessionTrace],err:[a.D.jserrors,a.D.metrics],ins:[a.D.pageAction],spa:[a.D.spa],sr:[a.D.sessionReplay,a.D.sessionTrace]},u=new Set;function d(e,t){const n=r.ee.get(t);e&&"object"==typeof e&&(u.has(t)||(Object.entries(e).forEach((e=>{let[t,r]=e;c[t]?c[t].forEach((e=>{r?(0,i.p)("feat-"+t,[],void 0,e,n):(0,i.p)("block-"+t,[],void 0,e,n),(0,i.p)("rumresp-"+t,[Boolean(r)],void 0,e,n)})):r&&(0,i.p)("feat-"+t,[],void 0,void 0,n),l[t]=Boolean(r)})),Object.keys(c).forEach((e=>{void 0===l[e]&&(c[e]?.forEach((t=>(0,i.p)("rumresp-"+e,[!1],void 0,t,n))),l[e]=!1)})),u.add(t),function(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};try{o._A.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(s,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}const l={}},2210:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{X:()=>i});var r=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,n){if(r.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=n();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},1284:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{D:()=>r});const r=(e,t)=>Object.entries(e||{}).map((e=>{let[n,r]=e;return t(n,r)}))},4351:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{P:()=>a});var r=n(8325);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,n)=>{if("object"==typeof n&&null!==n){if(e.has(n))return;e.add(n)}return n}};function a(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())}catch(e){try{r.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}}},3960:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{KB:()=>o,b2:()=>a});var r=n(3239);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function a(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,r.bP)("load",e,t)}function o(e){if(i())return e();(0,r.iz)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},8632:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{EZ:()=>d,ce:()=>a,ek:()=>u,fP:()=>o,gG:()=>l,h5:()=>c,mF:()=>s});var r=n(7894),i=n(385);const a={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function o(){return i._A.NREUM||(i._A.NREUM={}),void 0===i._A.newrelic&&(i._A.newrelic=i._A.NREUM),i._A.NREUM}function s(){let e=o();return e.o||(e.o={ST:i._A.setTimeout,SI:i._A.setImmediate,CT:i._A.clearTimeout,XHR:i._A.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:i._A.Request,EV:i._A.Event,PR:i._A.Promise,MO:i._A.MutationObserver,FETCH:i._A.fetch}),e}function c(e,t){let n=o();n.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,r.z)(),date:new Date},n.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=o();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){o()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=o();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:a.beacon,errorBeacon:a.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=o();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=o();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),o()}},7956:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{N:()=>i});var r=n(3239);function i(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]&&arguments[1],n=arguments.length>2?arguments[2]:void 0,i=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;(0,r.iz)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),n,i)}},3081:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{gF:()=>a,mY:()=>i,t9:()=>r,vz:()=>s,xS:()=>o});const r=n(3325).D.metrics,i="sm",a="cm",o="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},7633:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{t:()=>r});const r=n(3325).D.pageViewEvent},9251:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{t:()=>r});const r=n(3325).D.pageViewTiming},5938:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{W:()=>i});var r=n(8325);class i{constructor(e,t,n){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.aggregator=t,this.ee=r.ee.get(e),this.featureName=n,this.blocked=!1}}},7530:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{j:()=>b});var r=n(3325),i=n(234),a=n(5546),o=n(8325),s=n(7894),c=n(8e3),u=n(3960),d=n(385),l=n(50),f=n(3081),g=n(8632);function p(){const e=(0,g.gG)();["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start","recordReplay","pauseReplay"].forEach((t=>{e[t]=function(){for(var n=arguments.length,r=new Array(n),i=0;i<n;i++)r[i]=arguments[i];return function(t){for(var n=arguments.length,r=new Array(n>1?n-1:0),i=1;i<n;i++)r[i-1]=arguments[i];let a=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&a.push(e.api[t](...r))})),a.length>1?a:a[0]}(t,...r)}}))}var h=n(2825);const v=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",n.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let m=!1;function b(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{},b=arguments.length>2?arguments[2]:void 0,y=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0,{init:w,info:A,loader_config:_,runtime:x={loaderType:b},exposed:D=!0}=t;const k=(0,g.gG)();A||(w=k.init,A=k.info,_=k.loader_config),(0,i.Dg)(e.agentIdentifier,w||{}),(0,i.GE)(e.agentIdentifier,_||{}),A.jsAttributes??={},d.v6&&(A.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.CX)(e.agentIdentifier,A);const E=(0,i.P_)(e.agentIdentifier),j=[A.beacon,A.errorBeacon];m||(E.proxy.assets&&(v(E.proxy.assets),j.push(E.proxy.assets)),E.proxy.beacon&&j.push(E.proxy.beacon),p(),(0,g.EZ)("activatedFeatures",h.T)),x.denyList=[...E.ajax.deny_list||[],...E.ajax.block_internal?j:[]],(0,i.sU)(e.agentIdentifier,x),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t){t||(0,c.R)(e,"api");const g={};var p=o.ee.get(e),h=p.get("tracer"),v="api-",m=v+"ixn-";function b(t,n,r,a){const o=(0,i.C5)(e);return null===n?delete o.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.CX)(e,{...o,jsAttributes:{...o.jsAttributes,[t]:n}}),A(v,r,!0,a||null===n?"session":void 0)(t,n)}function y(){}["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"].forEach((e=>{g[e]=A(v,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=A(v,"addPageAction",!0,r.D.pageAction),g.setCurrentRouteName=A(v,"routeName",!0,r.D.spa),g.setPageViewName=function(t,n){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,i.OP)(e).customTransaction=(n||"https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/http://custom.transaction")+t,A(v,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t){let n=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2];if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return b(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",n);(0,l.Z)("Failed to execute setCustomAttribute.\nNon-null value must be a string, number or boolean type, but a type of <".concat(typeof t,"> was provided."))}else(0,l.Z)("Failed to execute setCustomAttribute.\nName must be a string type, but a type of <".concat(typeof e,"> was provided."))},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return b("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.Z)("Failed to execute setUserId.\nNon-null value must be a string type, but a type of <".concat(typeof e,"> was provided."))},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return b("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.Z)("Failed to execute setApplicationVersion. Expected <String | null>, but got <".concat(typeof e,">."))},g.start=e=>{try{const t=e?"defined":"undefined";(0,a.p)(f.xS,["API/start/".concat(t,"/called")],void 0,r.D.metrics,p);const n=Object.values(r.D);if(void 0===e)e=n;else{if((e=Array.isArray(e)&&e.length?e:[e]).some((e=>!n.includes(e))))return(0,l.Z)("Invalid feature name supplied. Acceptable feature names are: ".concat(n));e.includes(r.D.pageViewEvent)||e.push(r.D.pageViewEvent)}e.forEach((e=>{p.emit("".concat(e,"-opt-in"))}))}catch(e){(0,l.Z)("An unexpected issue occurred",e)}},g.recordReplay=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xS,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,r.D.metrics,p),(0,a.p)("recordReplay",[],void 0,r.D.sessionReplay,p)},g.pauseReplay=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xS,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,r.D.metrics,p),(0,a.p)("pauseReplay",[],void 0,r.D.sessionReplay,p)},g.interaction=function(){return(new y).get()};var w=y.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var n={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xS,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,r.D.metrics,p),(0,a.p)(m+"tracer",[(0,s.z)(),e,n],i,r.D.spa,p),function(){if(h.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,s.z)(),i,o],n),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){throw h.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,e],n),e}finally{h.emit("fn-end",[(0,s.z)()],n)}}}};function A(e,t,n,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xS,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,r.D.metrics,p),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,s.z)(),...arguments],n?null:this,i,p),n?void 0:this}}function _(){n.e(75).then(n.bind(n,7438)).then((t=>{let{setAPI:n}=t;n(e),(0,c.L)(e,"api")})).catch((()=>(0,l.Z)("Downloading runtime APIs failed...")))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{w[e]=A(m,e,void 0,r.D.spa)})),g.noticeError=function(e,t){"string"==typeof e&&(e=new Error(e)),(0,a.p)(f.xS,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,r.D.metrics,p),(0,a.p)("err",[e,(0,s.z)(),!1,t],void 0,r.D.jserrors,p)},d.il?(0,u.b2)((()=>_()),!0):_(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,y)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=D),m=!0}},1926:(e,t,n)=>{n.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},3325:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{D:()=>r,p:()=>i});const r={ajax:"ajax",jserrors:"jserrors",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",spa:"spa"},i={[r.pageViewEvent]:1,[r.pageViewTiming]:2,[r.metrics]:3,[r.jserrors]:4,[r.ajax]:5,[r.sessionTrace]:6,[r.pageAction]:7,[r.spa]:8,[r.sessionReplay]:9}}},r={};function i(e){var t=r[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var a=r[e]={exports:{}};return n[e](a,a.exports,i),a.exports}i.m=n,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var n in t)i.o(t,n)&&!i.o(e,n)&&Object.defineProperty(e,n,{enumerable:!0,get:t[n]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,n)=>(i.f[n](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.248.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.248.0.PROD:",i.l=(n,r,a,o)=>{if(e[n])e[n].push(r);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==a)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==n||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+a){s=l;break}}s||(c=!0,(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+a),s.src=n,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),s.integrity=i.sriHashes[o],s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),e[n]=[r];var f=(t,r)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(g);var i=e[n];if(delete e[n],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(r))),t)return t(r)},g=setTimeout(f.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=f.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=f.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",i.sriHashes={75:"sha512-5mWtMwj7hrXT5aUkfvBtjH6FJXsR+zdeMBfc721nzrOx36xa23yTrCB1VVOAQa+zIioAbWPW4m7UsPp7hW1WPw=="},(()=>{var e={50:0,832:0};i.f.j=(t,n)=>{var r=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==r)if(r)n.push(r[2]);else{var a=new Promise(((n,i)=>r=e[t]=[n,i]));n.push(r[2]=a);var o=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(o,(n=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(r=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),r)){var a=n&&("load"===n.type?"missing":n.type),o=n&&n.target&&n.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+a+": "+o+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=a,s.request=o,r[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,n)=>{var r,a,[o,s,c]=n,u=0;if(o.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(r in s)i.o(s,r)&&(i.m[r]=s[r]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(n);u<o.length;u++)a=o[u],i.o(e,a)&&e[a]&&e[a][0](),e[a]=0},n=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.248.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.248.0.PROD"]||[];n.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),n.push=t.bind(null,n.push.bind(n))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(1926);var e=i(50);class t{addPageAction(t,n){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api addPageAction failed. The page action feature is not currently initialized.")}setPageViewName(t,n){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api setPageViewName failed. The page view feature is not currently initialized.")}setCustomAttribute(t,n,r){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api setCustomAttribute failed. The js errors feature is not currently initialized.")}noticeError(t,n){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api noticeError failed. The js errors feature is not currently initialized.")}setUserId(t){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api setUserId failed. The js errors feature is not currently initialized.")}setApplicationVersion(t){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api setApplicationVersion failed. The agent is not currently initialized.")}setErrorHandler(t){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api setErrorHandler failed. The js errors feature is not currently initialized.")}finished(t){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api finished failed. The page action feature is not currently initialized.")}addRelease(t,n){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api addRelease failed. The js errors feature is not currently initialized.")}start(t){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api addRelease failed. The agent is not currently initialized.")}recordReplay(){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api recordReplay failed. The agent is not currently initialized.")}pauseReplay(){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api pauseReplay failed. The agent is not currently initialized.")}}var n=i(3325),r=i(234);const a=Object.values(n.D);function o(e){const t={};return a.forEach((n=>{t[n]=function(e,t){return!1!==(0,r.Mt)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(n,e)})),t}var s=i(7530);var c=i(8e3),u=i(5938),d=i(3960),l=i(385);class f extends u.W{constructor(e,t,n){let i=!(arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3])||arguments[3];super(e,t,n),this.auto=i,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===(0,r.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"".concat(this.featureName,".autoStart"))&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto&&(0,c.R)(e,n)}importAggregator(){let t=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};if(this.featAggregate)return;if(!this.auto)return void this.ee.on("".concat(this.featureName,"-opt-in"),(()=>{(0,c.R)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator()}));const n=l.il&&!0===(0,r.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"privacy.cookies_enabled");let a;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{a=e}));const o=async()=>{let r;try{if(n){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(75).then(i.bind(i,3228));r=e(this.agentIdentifier)}}catch(t){(0,e.Z)("A problem occurred when starting up session manager. This page will not start or extend any session.",t)}try{if(!this.shouldImportAgg(this.featureName,r))return(0,c.L)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void a(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(75).then(i.bind(i,8582)),{Aggregate:n}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new n(this.agentIdentifier,this.aggregator,t),a(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.Z)("Downloading and initializing ".concat(this.featureName," failed..."),t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,c.L)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),a(!1)}};l.il?(0,d.b2)((()=>o()),!0):o()}shouldImportAgg(e,t){return e!==n.D.sessionReplay||!!r.Yu.MO&&(!1!==(0,r.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"session_trace.enabled")&&(!!t?.isNew||!!t?.state.sessionReplayMode))}}var g=i(7633);class p extends f{static featureName=g.t;constructor(e,t){let n=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,t,g.t,n),this.importAggregator()}}var h=i(1117),v=i(1284);class m extends h.w{constructor(e){super(e),this.aggregatedData={}}store(e,t,n,r,i){var a=this.getBucket(e,t,n,i);return a.metrics=function(e,t){t||(t={count:0});return t.count+=1,(0,v.D)(e,(function(e,n){t[e]=b(n,t[e])})),t}(r,a.metrics),a}merge(e,t,n,r,i){var a=this.getBucket(e,t,r,i);if(a.metrics){var o=a.metrics;o.count+=n.count,(0,v.D)(n,(function(e,t){if("count"!==e){var r=o[e],i=n[e];i&&!i.c?o[e]=b(i.t,r):o[e]=function(e,t){if(!t)return e;t.c||(t=y(t.t));return t.min=Math.min(e.min,t.min),t.max=Math.max(e.max,t.max),t.t+=e.t,t.sos+=e.sos,t.c+=e.c,t}(i,o[e])}}))}else a.metrics=n}storeMetric(e,t,n,r){var i=this.getBucket(e,t,n);return i.stats=b(r,i.stats),i}getBucket(e,t,n,r){this.aggregatedData[e]||(this.aggregatedData[e]={});var i=this.aggregatedData[e][t];return i||(i=this.aggregatedData[e][t]={params:n||{}},r&&(i.custom=r)),i}get(e,t){return t?this.aggregatedData[e]&&this.aggregatedData[e][t]:this.aggregatedData[e]}take(e){for(var t={},n="",r=!1,i=0;i<e.length;i++)t[n=e[i]]=w(this.aggregatedData[n]),t[n].length&&(r=!0),delete this.aggregatedData[n];return r?t:null}}function b(e,t){return null==e?function(e){e?e.c++:e={c:1};return e}(t):t?(t.c||(t=y(t.t)),t.c+=1,t.t+=e,t.sos+=e*e,e>t.max&&(t.max=e),e<t.min&&(t.min=e),t):{t:e}}function y(e){return{t:e,min:e,max:e,sos:e*e,c:1}}function w(e){return"object"!=typeof e?[]:(0,v.D)(e,A)}function A(e,t){return t}var _=i(8632),x=i(4402),D=i(4351);var k=i(5546),E=i(7956),j=i(3239),T=i(7894),R=i(9251);class S extends f{static featureName=R.t;constructor(e,t){let n=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,t,R.t,n),l.il&&((0,E.N)((()=>(0,k.p)("docHidden",[(0,T.z)()],void 0,R.t,this.ee)),!0),(0,j.bP)("pagehide",(()=>(0,k.p)("winPagehide",[(0,T.z)()],void 0,R.t,this.ee))),this.importAggregator())}}var I=i(3081);class C extends f{static featureName=I.t9;constructor(e,t){let n=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,t,I.t9,n),this.importAggregator()}}new class extends t{constructor(t){let n=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:(0,x.ky)(16);super(),l._A?(this.agentIdentifier=n,this.sharedAggregator=new m({agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier}),this.features={},(0,_.h5)(n,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(p),(0,s.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.Z)("Failed to initial the agent. Could not determine the runtime environment.")}get config(){return{info:(0,r.C5)(this.agentIdentifier),init:(0,r.P_)(this.agentIdentifier),loader_config:(0,r.DL)(this.agentIdentifier),runtime:(0,r.OP)(this.agentIdentifier)}}run(){try{const t=o(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>n.p[e.featureName]-n.p[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(t[r.featureName]||r.featureName===n.D.pageViewEvent){const i=function(e){switch(e){case n.D.ajax:return[n.D.jserrors];case n.D.sessionTrace:return[n.D.ajax,n.D.pageViewEvent];case n.D.sessionReplay:return[n.D.sessionTrace];case n.D.pageViewTiming:return[n.D.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName);i.every((e=>t[e]))||(0,e.Z)("".concat(r.featureName," is enabled but one or more dependent features has been disabled (").concat((0,D.P)(i),"). This may cause unintended consequences or missing data...")),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this.agentIdentifier,this.sharedAggregator)}}))}catch(t){(0,e.Z)("Failed to initialize all enabled instrument classes (agent aborted) -",t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const n=(0,_.fP)();return delete n.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete n.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator,n.ee?.abort(),delete n.ee?.get(this.agentIdentifier),!1}}addToTrace(t){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api addToTrace failed. The session trace feature is not currently initialized.")}setCurrentRouteName(t){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api setCurrentRouteName failed. The spa feature is not currently initialized.")}interaction(){(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api interaction failed. The spa feature is not currently initialized.")}}({features:[p,S,C],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <noscript><style>form.antibot * :not(.antibot-message) { display: none !important; }</style> </noscript><script async src="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212js_/https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-HEQ0YF2VYL"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag('set', {'cookie_flags': 'SameSite=None;Secure', 'cookie_domain': 'www.nist.gov'});gtag("config", "G-HEQ0YF2VYL", {"groups":"default","page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_location","link_attribution":true,"allow_ad_personalization_signals":false});gtag("event", "custom", {"node_title":"Image Gallery","node_id":"1564191","content_type":"Landing page"});</script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery"/> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/node/1564191"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="Image Gallery | NIST"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="NIST"/> <meta property="og:type" content="Article"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Image Gallery"/> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2019-05-09T10:21-04:00"/> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2023-05-16T08:34-04:00"/> <meta name="dcterms.title" content="Image Gallery"/> <meta name="dcterms.date" content="2019-05-09T10:21-04:00"/> <meta name="dcterms.type" content="text"/> <meta name="dcterms.format" content="text/html"/> <meta name="dcterms.identifier" content="https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery"/> <meta name="dcterms.source" content="NIST"/> <meta name="dcterms.created" content="2019-05-09T10:21-04:00"/> <meta name="dcterms.modified" content="2023-05-16T08:34-04:00"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content=""/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="NIST"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Image Gallery"/> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery"/> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="QMu0ODkER3rN5hLcMLqNVf7e3bkjYsNLTuhqfH48jCA"/> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <meta name="nist_search_modified" class="elastic" content="2023-05-16T08:34:00-04:00"/> <script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "Article", "headline": "Image Gallery | NIST", "datePublished": "2019-05-09T10:21-04:00", "dateModified": "2023-05-16T08:34-04:00" } ] }</script> <meta name="nist_search_bundle" class="elastic" content="landing"/> <link rel="icon" href="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/themes/custom/nist_www/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/> <title>Image Gallery | NIST</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20231128043212cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_qi2vewZj-xBF8EfyMtNhoqwi5nhKN_Iigy01gPAZT-Q.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=nist_www&include=eJx1UItuwzAI_CEvfJJFCE1pHZMZ0ix_P-elRp0mWYg7n-A40sLw-J64LKFFekbX-ka49PFh_34JaQ69ap84Ysa0uJDBJxGymMck-Skeb5KcC_ylYo-70MRZhrHoi-GTWM1snN954OpBU4slDtpBJ4ZtXbsODbaY81C9Gm966JO2mK791zEK7owdlxPGeZ6v6gteJfzj6wLoyjRiag4YXsKzwVabamZKHOgdbaOZONykJxxdNJ8hvJlAdzXO59gdHWS9qIW9bcgsJFx08ljvpZpIWUAzk17cDkJF19B-ASBvvJs"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20231128043212cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_6prwlieMvitJqVLptJ59w_NxX2prM0abXhYVoH12prk.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=nist_www&include=eJx1UItuwzAI_CEvfJJFCE1pHZMZ0ix_P-elRp0mWYg7n-A40sLw-J64LKFFekbX-ka49PFh_34JaQ69ap84Ysa0uJDBJxGymMck-Skeb5KcC_ylYo-70MRZhrHoi-GTWM1snN954OpBU4slDtpBJ4ZtXbsODbaY81C9Gm966JO2mK791zEK7owdlxPGeZ6v6gteJfzj6wLoyjRiag4YXsKzwVabamZKHOgdbaOZONykJxxdNJ8hvJlAdzXO59gdHWS9qIW9bcgsJFx08ljvpZpIWUAzk17cDkJF19B-ASBvvJs"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/web/20231128043212cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_6MuKXqcH69mMwmOSjiD2G_c6UXIqUTZ1TRnur95k7Qk.css?delta=2&language=en&theme=nist_www&include=eJx1UItuwzAI_CEvfJJFCE1pHZMZ0ix_P-elRp0mWYg7n-A40sLw-J64LKFFekbX-ka49PFh_34JaQ69ap84Ysa0uJDBJxGymMck-Skeb5KcC_ylYo-70MRZhrHoi-GTWM1snN954OpBU4slDtpBJ4ZtXbsODbaY81C9Gm966JO2mK791zEK7owdlxPGeZ6v6gteJfzj6wLoyjRiag4YXsKzwVabamZKHOgdbaOZONykJxxdNJ8hvJlAdzXO59gdHWS9qIW9bcgsJFx08ljvpZpIWUAzk17cDkJF19B-ASBvvJs"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20231128043212cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_zxDJPMpCfrT8NQEavjogRlrVmShwu9oesPd2F7606bk.css?delta=3&language=en&theme=nist_www&include=eJx1UItuwzAI_CEvfJJFCE1pHZMZ0ix_P-elRp0mWYg7n-A40sLw-J64LKFFekbX-ka49PFh_34JaQ69ap84Ysa0uJDBJxGymMck-Skeb5KcC_ylYo-70MRZhrHoi-GTWM1snN954OpBU4slDtpBJ4ZtXbsODbaY81C9Gm966JO2mK791zEK7owdlxPGeZ6v6gteJfzj6wLoyjRiag4YXsKzwVabamZKHOgdbaOZONykJxxdNJ8hvJlAdzXO59gdHWS9qIW9bcgsJFx08ljvpZpIWUAzk17cDkJF19B-ASBvvJs"/> <script src="/web/20231128043212js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_3ssAdmvsW-btol8ydZT2eloQN8l11yuGacOobfI1-_0.js?scope=header&delta=0&language=en&theme=nist_www&include=eJx1UItuwzAI_CEvfJJFCE1pHZMZ0ix_P-elRp0mWYg7n-A40sLw-J64LKFFekbX-ka49PFh_34JaQ69ap84Ysa0uJDBJxGymMck-Skeb5KcC_ylYo-70MRZhrHoi-GTWM1snN954OpBU4slDtpBJ4ZtXbsODbaY81C9Gm966JO2mK791zEK7owdlxPGeZ6v6gteJfzj6wLoyjRiag4YXsKzwVabamZKHOgdbaOZONykJxxdNJ8hvJlAdzXO59gdHWS9qIW9bcgsJFx08ljvpZpIWUAzk17cDkJF19B-ASBvvJs"></script> </head> <body class="node-1564191"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable" data-elastic-exclude> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <!-- nist-index-ignore-start --> <section data-elastic-exclude class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official government website"> <div class="usa-accordion"> <header class="usa-banner__header"> <div class="usa-banner__inner"> <div class="grid-col-auto"> <img class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/us_flag_small.png" alt="U.S. flag"> </div> <div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto"> <p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p> <p class="usa-banner__header-action" aria-hidden="true">Here鈥檚 how you know</p> </div> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-default"> <span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here鈥檚 how you know</span> </button> </div> </header> <div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner-default"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg"> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Official websites use .gov</strong> <br/> A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. </p> </div> </div> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/icon-https.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong> <br/> A <strong>lock</strong> ( <span class="icon-lock"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52" height="64" viewbox="0 0 52 64" class="usa-banner__lock-image" role="img" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-title banner-lock-description" focusable="false"> <title id="banner-lock-title">Lock</title> <desc id="banner-lock-description">A locked padlock</desc><path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z"/></svg> </span> ) or <strong>https://</strong> means you鈥檝e safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!-- nist-index-ignore-end --> <div data-elastic-exclude> <!-- nist-index-ignore-start --> <div class="nist-print-header" style="display:none;"> <p class="nist-print-header__url">https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery</p> <img class="nist-print-header__logo" width="289" height="38" src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/nist_logo_sidestack.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology"/> </div> <div class="usa-overlay"></div> <header class="usa-header nist-header--www nist-header--minimal" role="banner"> <div class="usa-navbar"> <div class="usa-logo flex-fill"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" aria-label="Home"> <img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/logo.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology" width="300px" height="80px"/> </a> </div> <div class="usa-header__right grid-row flex-auto"> <div class="grid-col-fill nist-header__search-group"> <form class="usa-search usa-search--small" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/search" id="search_form" method="get"> <div role="search"> <label class="usa-sr-only" for="search-form">Search NIST</label> <input class="usa-input" id="search-form" type="search" name="s" placeholder="Search NIST" required="" maxlength="128"> <button class="usa-button" type="submit"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/usa-icons-bg/search--white.svg" class="usa-search__submit-icon" alt="Search"></button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="grid-col-auto padding-left-1"> <button class="usa-menu-btn">Menu</button> </div> </div> </div> <nav aria-label="Primary navigation" class="usa-nav"> <div class="usa-nav__inner"> <button class="usa-nav__close">Close</button> <ul class="usa-nav__primary usa-accordion"> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-1"><span>Topics</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-1" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/topics" class="usa-nav__link">All Topics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/advanced-communications" class="usa-nav__link">Advanced communications</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/artificial-intelligence" class="usa-nav__link">Artificial intelligence</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/bioscience" class="usa-nav__link">Bioscience</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/buildings-construction" class="usa-nav__link">Buildings and construction</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/chemistry" class="usa-nav__link">Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/climate" class="usa-nav__link">Climate</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/cybersecurity" class="usa-nav__link">Cybersecurity</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/electronics" class="usa-nav__link">Electronics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/energy" class="usa-nav__link">Energy</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/environment" class="usa-nav__link">Environment</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/fire" class="usa-nav__link">Fire</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/forensic-science" class="usa-nav__link">Forensic science</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/health" class="usa-nav__link">Health</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/information-technology" class="usa-nav__link">Information technology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/infrastructure" class="usa-nav__link">Infrastructure</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/manufacturing" class="usa-nav__link">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/materials" class="usa-nav__link">Materials</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/mathematics-statistics" class="usa-nav__link">Mathematics and statistics</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/metrology" class="usa-nav__link">Metrology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/nanotechnology" class="usa-nav__link">Nanotechnology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/neutron-research" class="usa-nav__link">Neutron research</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/performance-excellence" class="usa-nav__link">Performance excellence</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/physics" class="usa-nav__link">Physics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/public-safety" class="usa-nav__link">Public safety</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/resilience" class="usa-nav__link">Resilience</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/standards" class="usa-nav__link">Standards</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/transportation" class="usa-nav__link">Transportation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <a class="usa-nav__link" href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/publications">Publications</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-3"><span>Labs & Major Programs</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-3" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/laboratories" class="usa-nav__link">Laboratories</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/ctl" class="usa-nav__link">Communications Technology Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/el" class="usa-nav__link">Engineering Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/itl" class="usa-nav__link">Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/mml" class="usa-nav__link">Material Measurement Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/pml" class="usa-nav__link">Physical Measurement Laboratory</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/user-facilities" class="usa-nav__link">User Facilities</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/ncnr" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Center for Neutron Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/cnst" class="usa-nav__link">CNST NanoFab</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/research-test-beds" class="usa-nav__link">Research Test Beds</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/projects-programs" class="usa-nav__link">Research Projects</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments" class="usa-nav__link">Tools & Instruments</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/major-programs" class="usa-nav__link">Major Programs</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige" class="usa-nav__link">Baldrige Performance Excellence Program</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/chips" class="usa-nav__link">CHIPS for America Initiative</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/mep" class="usa-nav__link">Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/oam" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Advanced Manufacturing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/spo" class="usa-nav__link">Special Programs Office</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/tpo" class="usa-nav__link">Technology Partnerships Office</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-4"><span>Services & Resources</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-4" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/standards-and-measurements" class="usa-nav__link">Standards and Measurements</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/calibrations" class="usa-nav__link">Calibration Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/nvlap" class="usa-nav__link">Laboratory Accreditation (NVLAP)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/nist-quality-system" class="usa-nav__link">Quality System</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/srm" class="usa-nav__link">Standard Reference Materials (SRMs)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/standardsgov" class="usa-nav__link">Standards.gov</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/pml/time-and-frequency-division/time-services" class="usa-nav__link">Time Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/pml/owm" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Weights and Measures</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software" class="usa-nav__link">Software</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/data" class="usa-nav__link">Data</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/" class="usa-nav__link">Chemistry WebBook</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://nvd.nist.gov/" class="usa-nav__link">National Vulnerability Database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/pml/productsservices/physical-reference-data" class="usa-nav__link">Physical Reference Data</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/srd" class="usa-nav__link">Standard Reference Data (SRD)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/shop" class="usa-nav__link">Storefront</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/tpo" class="usa-nav__link">License & Patents</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://csrc.nist.gov/" class="usa-nav__link">Computer Security Resource Center (CSRC)</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/nist-research-library" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Research Library</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link usa-current" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-5"><span>News & Events</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-5" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news" class="usa-nav__link">News</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/events" class="usa-nav__link">Events</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/blogs" class="usa-nav__link">Blogs</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories" class="usa-nav__link">Feature Stories</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/awards" class="usa-nav__link">Awards</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/video-gallery" class="usa-nav__link">Video Gallery</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery" class="usa-nav__link usa-current">Image Gallery</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/pao/media-contacts" class="usa-nav__link">Media Contacts</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-6"><span>About NIST</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-6" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist" class="usa-nav__link">About Us</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/contact-us" class="usa-nav__link">Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/visit" class="usa-nav__link">Visit</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/careers" class="usa-nav__link">Careers</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/director/nist-organization-structure" class="usa-nav__link">Our Organization</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/director" class="usa-nav__link">Office of the Director</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/director/nist-organization-structure/budget-planning" class="usa-nav__link">Budget & Planning</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/work-nist" class="usa-nav__link">Work with NIST</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/history" class="usa-nav__link">History</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/http://nistdigitalarchives.contentdm.oclc.org/" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Digital Archives</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/nist-museum" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Museum</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/nist-and-nobel" class="usa-nav__link">NIST and the Nobel</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/education" class="usa-nav__link">Educational Resources</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </header> <!-- nist-index-ignore-end --> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> <div id="block-nist-www-content" class="nist-block"> <section class="nist-page__content usa-section clearfix"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--main padding-y-4"> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-block"> <h1 class="nist-page__title">Image Gallery</h1> </div> <div class="views-element-container nist-block"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Featured</h2> <div><div class="grid-row grid-gap-2 js-view-dom-id-d5ed817c29bb73763bd9804377107c5a98350702ff9377586a15bcaee3992f97"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/ana-maria-rey-lab" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/700_x_700_limit/public/images/2023/05/09/AnaMariaReylab.jpg?itok=MCramPzn" width="700" height="394" alt="Ana Maria Rey wears dark safety glasses as she stands behind a table covered with optics equipment in the lab. " loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <h3 class="nist-image__title"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/ana-maria-rey-lab" hreflang="en">Ana Maria Rey in the lab</a> </h3> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <p>Ana Maria Rey in the lab. Her work contributed to the most accurate atomic clock ever developed.聽</p> </div> <div class="nist-image__credit"> <span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span> R. Jacobson/NIST </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/optical-coherence-tomography" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/700_x_700_limit/public/images/2023/05/05/3DP_4976_2.png?itok=0iLNggHr" width="700" height="525" alt="A hand in a purple glove turns a metal dial on a plate holding tiny vials of purple liquid. " loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <h3 class="nist-image__title"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/optical-coherence-tomography" hreflang="en">Optical Coherence Tomography</a> </h3> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <p>Researchers used a noninvasive and label-free method called optical coherence tomography to assess the live cells in the 3D scaffold system. OCT is an imaging technique that uses light waves to take cross sectional images of a sample.</p> </div> <div class="nist-image__credit"> <span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span> R. Wilson/NIST </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-block"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Other Galleries</h2> <div class="text-with-summary"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap"> <div class="tablet:grid-col"> <figure class="align-center nist-image"><img alt="1/100 Legal Ohm Resistance Standard" height="320" loading="lazy" src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/480_x_480_limit/public/images/2023/05/16/Legal_Ohm_Resistance_Standard.png?itok=vj1_y8UV" typeof="foaf:Image" width="480"/><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> </div> </figcaption></figure><p class="more-link"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://nistdigitalarchives.contentdm.oclc.org/">NIST Digital Archive</a></p> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col"> <figure class="align-center nist-image"><img alt="Gaithersburg NIST Campus" height="320" loading="lazy" src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/480_x_480_limit/public/images/2023/05/16/gaithersburg_campus.png?itok=0-1ADTte" typeof="foaf:Image" width="480"/><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> </div> </figcaption></figure><p class="more-link"><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="09ab9e65-787a-424c-899c-852a37011917" href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/pao/gaithersburg-campus-photos" title="Gaithersburg Campus Photos">Gaithersburg Campus Photos</a></p> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col"> <figure class="align-center nist-image"><img alt="Boulder NIST Campus Photo" height="320" loading="lazy" src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/480_x_480_limit/public/images/2023/05/16/boulder_campus.png?itok=jut2bCqR" typeof="foaf:Image" width="480"/><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> </div> </figcaption></figure><p class="more-link"><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="c1392217-a254-4641-9b01-e1563716194a" href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery/boulder-campus-photos" title="Boulder Campus Photos">Boulder Campus Photos</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-exposed-form usa-form filters nist-block" novalidate="novalidate" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-image-gallery-image-search-block"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Search NIST Image Gallery</h2> <form action="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery/search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-image-gallery-image-search-block" accept-charset="UTF-8" class="usa-form"> <div class="tablet:flex-fill grid-row grid-gap-1"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-5"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-k js-form-item-k"> <label for="edit-k" class="usa-label"> Keyword </label> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-k" type="text" id="edit-k" name="k" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text usa-input"/> <div id="edit-k--description" class="description help-block"> Searches within the image title, alternative text, image credit, caption, tags, and reference number </div> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-5"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-select js-form-type-select form-item-topic js-form-item-topic"> <label for="edit-topic" class="usa-label"> Topic </label> <div class="select-wrapper"><select data-drupal-selector="edit-topic" id="edit-topic" name="topic" class="form-select usa-select"><option value="All" selected="selected">- Any -</option><option value="248851">Accessibility</option><option value="249346">Accreditation</option><option value="248871">Additive manufacturing</option><option value="249466">Advanced communications</option><option value="249401">Aerospace</option><option value="2748476">Agility and adaptability</option><option value="2800826">AI measurement and evaluation</option><option value="248566">Air / water / soil quality</option><option value="248536">Alternative energy</option><option value="249061">Amount of substance</option><option value="248421">Analytical chemistry</option><option value="2788806">Applied AI</option><option value="2753736">Artificial intelligence</option><option value="249211">Assessment tools and services</option><option value="249246">Atomic / molecular / quantum</option><option value="249406">Automotive</option><option value="249431">Baldrige award</option><option value="249436">Baldrige examiners</option><option value="249226">Baldrige Framework and Criteria</option><option value="249231">Best practices</option><option value="2806896">Bioinformatics</option><option value="249251">Biological physics</option><option value="248876">Biomanufacturing</option><option value="248326">Biomaterials</option><option value="248701">Biometrics</option><option value="248681">Biopharmaceuticals</option><option value="248321">Bioscience</option><option value="248376">Building codes and standards</option><option value="248381">Building control systems</option><option value="248386">Building damage and repair</option><option value="248391">Building economics</option><option value="248396">Building materials</option><option value="248371">Buildings and Construction</option><option value="249416">Calibration services</option><option value="248336">Cell biology</option><option value="248951">Ceramics</option><option value="249311">Chemical / Biological / Radiological / Nuclear / Explosives (CBRNE)</option><option value="248426">Chemical engineering and processing</option><option value="248431">Chemical thermodynamics and chemical properties</option><option value="248416">Chemistry</option><option value="2788551">Climate</option><option value="248661">Clinical diagnostics</option><option value="248706">Cloud computing and virtualization</option><option value="2748456">Collaborative robots</option><option value="2746576">Community resilience</option><option value="248711">Complex systems</option><option value="248956">Composites</option><option value="248971">Composition and structure</option><option value="248716">Computational science</option><option value="248961">Concrete / cement</option><option value="249256">Condensed matter</option><option value="248721">Conformance testing</option><option value="249366">Conformity assessment</option><option value="248541">Conventional energy</option><option value="248746">Cryptography</option><option value="248726">Cyber-physical systems</option><option value="248731">Cybersecurity</option><option value="2753741">Cybersecurity education and workforce development</option><option value="2788811">Cybersecurity measurement</option><option value="248756">Data and informatics</option><option value="248666">Dentistry</option><option value="2748461">Dexterous grasping</option><option value="248626">Digital evidence</option><option value="249066">Dimensional metrology</option><option value="248456">Disaster and failure studies</option><option value="249371">Documentary standards</option><option value="248636">Drugs and toxicology</option><option value="248466">Earthquake risk reduction</option><option value="248546">Electric power / smart grid</option><option value="249071">Electrical / electromagnetic metrology</option><option value="248491">Electromagnetics</option><option value="249261">Electron physics</option><option value="248486">Electronics</option><option value="2746896">Emergency building evacuation</option><option value="248531">Energy</option><option value="248551">Energy efficiency</option><option value="248341">Engineering / synthetic biology</option><option value="248561">Environment</option><option value="248571">Environmental health</option><option value="249016">Experiment design</option><option value="2746601">Factory communications</option><option value="248886">Factory operations planning and control</option><option value="248781">Federal information processing standards (FIPS)</option><option value="248586">Fire</option><option value="248591">Fire detection</option><option value="2746901">Fire dynamics and science</option><option value="248596">Fire fighting</option><option value="248601">Fire modeling</option><option value="248606">Fire risk reduction</option><option value="248621">Firearms and toolmarks</option><option value="249316">First responder preparedness</option><option value="248526">Flexible electronics</option><option value="249081">Flow metrology and rheology</option><option value="248671">Food and nutrition</option><option value="249086">Force metrology</option><option value="248641">Forensic biometrics</option><option value="248631">Forensic genetics</option><option value="248616">Forensic Science</option><option value="2748516">Frameworks</option><option value="248556">Fuels</option><option value="2788801">Fundamental AI</option><option value="248346">Genomics</option><option value="248351">Glycomics</option><option value="248576">Greenhouse gas measurements</option><option value="2800831">Hardware for AI</option><option value="248651">Health</option><option value="248786">Health IT</option><option value="248401">Heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment</option><option value="248761">Human language technology</option><option value="249091">Humidity metrology</option><option value="248736">Identity and access management</option><option value="249021">Image and signal processing</option><option value="248406">Indoor air quality</option><option value="248766">Information retrieval</option><option value="249421">Information technology</option><option value="2748236">Infrastructure</option><option value="2748441">Internet of Things (IoT)</option><option value="248891">Interoperability in manufacturing</option><option value="248796">Interoperability testing</option><option value="249096">Ionizing radiation metrology</option><option value="249321">Law enforcement</option><option value="249236">Leadership development</option><option value="249151">Lithography</option><option value="2806901">Location based services</option><option value="2800991">Machine learning</option><option value="248901">Machining</option><option value="249266">Magnetics</option><option value="248496">Magnetoelectronics</option><option value="2748471">Manipulation</option><option value="248866">Manufacturing</option><option value="2788841">Manufacturing economics</option><option value="248906">Manufacturing systems design and analysis</option><option value="248581">Marine science</option><option value="249101">Mass metrology</option><option value="248946">Materials</option><option value="248966">Materials characterization</option><option value="248611">Materials flammability</option><option value="249011">Mathematics and statistics</option><option value="248981">Mechanical properties</option><option value="248676">Medical imaging</option><option value="2784896">Metabolomics</option><option value="248991">Metals</option><option value="2746606">Metric</option><option value="249051">Metrology</option><option value="248361">Microbial measurements</option><option value="248801">Mobile</option><option value="2753766">Mobile and wireless networking</option><option value="2748466">Mobility and industrial autonomous vehicles</option><option value="248996">Modeling and computational material science</option><option value="249031">Modeling and simulation research</option><option value="248436">Molecular characterization</option><option value="2784921">Monitoring, diagnostics and prognostics</option><option value="249131">Nanobiotechnology</option><option value="249136">Nanochemistry</option><option value="249141">Nanoelectronics</option><option value="249146">Nanofabrication / manufacturing</option><option value="249161">Nanofluidics</option><option value="249166">Nanomagnetics</option><option value="249171">Nanomaterials</option><option value="249176">Nanomechanics</option><option value="249181">Nanometrology</option><option value="249186">Nanophotonics</option><option value="249191">Nanophysics</option><option value="249196">Nanoplasmonics</option><option value="249126">Nanotechnology</option><option value="248771">Natural language processing</option><option value="2748486">Navigation / actuation / control</option><option value="2753756">Network management and monitoring</option><option value="248811">Network modeling and analysis</option><option value="2753746">Network security and robustness</option><option value="2753751">Network test and measurement</option><option value="248806">Networking</option><option value="249451">Neutron research</option><option value="248816">Next generation networks</option><option value="249271">Nuclear physics</option><option value="249036">Numerical methods and software</option><option value="2806886">Open Radio Access Network (Open-RAN)</option><option value="249106">Optical / photometry / laser metrology</option><option value="249276">Optical physics and communications</option><option value="248501">Optoelectronics</option><option value="249491">Organic electronics</option><option value="249426">Performance excellence</option><option value="249241">Physics</option><option value="249001">Polymers</option><option value="248686">Precision medicine</option><option value="249111">Pressure and vacuum metrology</option><option value="248821">Privacy</option><option value="2788816">Privacy engineering</option><option value="2748446">Process improvement</option><option value="248911">Process measurement and control</option><option value="2748451">Product data</option><option value="248366">Proteomics</option><option value="2753761">Protocol聽design and standardization</option><option value="249461">Public safety</option><option value="249331">Public safety communications research</option><option value="248916">Quality assurance</option><option value="248311">Quantum communications</option><option value="249281">Quantum information science</option><option value="249286">Radiation</option><option value="249376">Reference data</option><option value="249381">Reference instruments</option><option value="249386">Reference materials</option><option value="248656">Regenerative medicine and advanced therapy</option><option value="249456">Resilience</option><option value="2788846">Resilience economics</option><option value="2746891">Resilient materials</option><option value="249336">Response robots</option><option value="248751">Risk management</option><option value="248921">Robotics in manufacturing</option><option value="2788821">Securing emerging technologies</option><option value="249156">Self-assembly</option><option value="248511">Semiconductors</option><option value="2748481">Sensing and perception</option><option value="248516">Sensors</option><option value="2746861">Smart cities</option><option value="2753771">Software defined and virtual networks</option><option value="248826">Software research</option><option value="248841">Software testing</option><option value="249291">Spectroscopy</option><option value="2806891">Spectrum sharing</option><option value="249341">Standards</option><option value="249391">Standards education</option><option value="249041">Statistical analysis</option><option value="248411">Structural engineering</option><option value="2746906">Structural fire resistance</option><option value="248521">Superconducting electronics</option><option value="249006">Superconductors</option><option value="248926">Supply chain</option><option value="2746596">Sustainability</option><option value="248931">Sustainable manufacturing</option><option value="2748491">Systems engineering</option><option value="2748496">Systems integration</option><option value="248936">Technology commercialization</option><option value="248441">Theoretical chemistry and modeling</option><option value="2788796">Thermal comfort</option><option value="248986">Thermal properties</option><option value="248446">Thermochemical properties</option><option value="249296">Thermodynamics</option><option value="249116">Thermometry metrology</option><option value="249301">Time and frequency</option><option value="249121">Time and frequency metrology</option><option value="248646">Trace evidence</option><option value="249396">Transportation</option><option value="2800836">Trustworthy and responsible AI</option><option value="2788826">Trustworthy networks</option><option value="2788831">Trustworthy platforms</option><option value="249046">Uncertainty quantification</option><option value="248846">Usability and human factors</option><option value="248776">Video analytics</option><option value="2788836">Virtual / augmented reality</option><option value="248856">Visualization research</option><option value="248861">Voting systems</option><option value="2746611">Weights and measures</option><option value="2746911">Wildland urban interface fire</option><option value="248481">Windstorm impact reduction</option><option value="248316">Wireless (RF)</option></select></div> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 flex-align-self-center"> <div class="grid-col-12 form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" id="edit-actions"><input data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-image-gallery" type="submit" id="edit-submit-image-gallery" value="Search" class="button js-form-submit form-submit usa-button"/></div> </div> </div> </form> </div> <div class="views-element-container nist-block"> <div><div class="grid-row grid-gap-2 js-view-dom-id-4319e57a2e649fc4b700bce2dca04c657918a21b9d24595463c5ddbd6c8793ec"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/kilograms-nist" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2023/02/23/kg-on-table-2.jpg?itok=CtTN1PNE" width="220" height="220" alt="kilograms under glass jars" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/kilograms-nist" hreflang="en">Kilograms at NIST</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/03ts001peanutbsrmcsjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2020/01/24/03ts001_peanutbsrm_cs-cropped.jpg?itok=6gX202D6" width="220" height="220" alt="Peanut butter standard reference material." title="Peanut butter" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/03ts001peanutbsrmcsjpg" hreflang="en">Peanut butter</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/superpositiongif" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2019/12/04/superposition.gif" width="1440" height="818" alt="animated gif showing superposition by using skateboarders." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/superpositiongif" hreflang="en">Quantum Physics & Superposition (Illustration)</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/radionucleotides-e1455229164305jpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2019/06/24/radionucleotides-e1455229164305.jpg?itok=FM3Q4rB6" width="220" height="220" alt="Magdalena Navarro and Bill Gadzuk with the Chart of the Radionuclides" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/radionucleotides-e1455229164305jpg" hreflang="en">Magdalena Navarro and Bill Gadzuk with the Chart of the Radionuclides</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/19mml002-protein-particle-ref-materialjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2019/02/27/19mml002-protein-particle-ref-material.jpg?itok=EXXsFH_U" width="220" height="220" alt="A small particle against a porous background." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/19mml002-protein-particle-ref-materialjpg" hreflang="en">Abraded EFTE particle</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/19mml001protein-particle-does-not-equal-illustration-k-irvinenist-hrpng" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2019/02/27/19mml001_protein-particle-does-not-equal-illustration-by-k-irvine_nist-hr.png?itok=OYaroY_9" width="220" height="220" alt="An illustration of a small particle is placed next to an illustration of polystyrene spheres." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/19mml001protein-particle-does-not-equal-illustration-k-irvinenist-hrpng" hreflang="en">Particle does NOT equal sphere.</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/moleculespng" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2019/02/25/molecules.png?itok=GJg0onKy" width="220" height="220" alt="individual fluorescent molecules" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/moleculespng" hreflang="en">individual fluorescent molecules</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/19pml003ioncrystalpng" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2019/02/20/19pml003_ion_crystal.png?itok=TFv4qKrh" width="220" height="220" alt="Nine blue spheres lined up on a horizontal mesh structure curved up at the ends. Double-headed black arrows below all but the center sphere suggest vibration. Pink and white striped background." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/19pml003ioncrystalpng" hreflang="en">Illustration of vibrating ions</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/blockchainmanufacturingfinalpng" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2019/02/13/blockchain_manufacturing_final.png?itok=gMQOLi2q" width="220" height="220" alt="Illustration of the 4-step manufacturing process with blockchain involvement" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/blockchainmanufacturingfinalpng" hreflang="en">Illustration: Blockchain in Manufacturing</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18jila003ye-buckyballjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2019/01/28/18jila003_ye-buckyball.jpg?itok=PSXSld02" width="220" height="220" alt="Rulers of light shining on individual buckyballs" title="Quantum States of Buckyballs" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18jila003ye-buckyballjpg" hreflang="en">Quantum States of Buckyballs</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18do006roi-5draftgreenpaperjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/12/06/18do006_roi-5_draft_greenpaper.jpg?itok=sw4nhn7C" width="220" height="220" alt="cover of draft green paper" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18do006roi-5draftgreenpaperjpg" hreflang="en">Cover of Return on Investment Initiative for Unleashing American Innovation</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/cgpmredefusdelegationnov2018versaillesjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/12/03/cgpm_redef_usdelegation_nov2018_versailles.jpg?itok=XiB31R76" width="220" height="220" alt="6 people standing on a stage in front of a screen that reads: 26th CGPM" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/cgpmredefusdelegationnov2018versaillesjpg" hreflang="en">U.S. Delegation to CGPM SI Redefinition Vote</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/jimolthoffwithnoacjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/12/03/jim_olthoff_with_noac.jpg?itok=0W-kOYi1" width="220" height="220" alt="Man holding a NIST on a Chip device" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/jimolthoffwithnoacjpg" hreflang="en">Jim Olthoff with NOAC</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18itl009facialrecognitiongraphicjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/11/27/18itl009_facial_recognition_graphic.jpg?itok=IxWsi4Rr" width="220" height="220" alt="computerized image of a bearded face shown from several angles" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18itl009facialrecognitiongraphicjpg" hreflang="en">Facial Recognition Illustration</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18ctl003ctlantenna-beam-exp2-jelena-senicinstagramjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/09/13/18ctl003_ctl_antenna-beam-exp2-jelena-senic_instagram.jpg?itok=tKmQDJfj" width="220" height="220" alt="Woman in large indoor hallway standing next to tall stack of electronic equipment." title="Antenna robot" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18ctl003ctlantenna-beam-exp2-jelena-senicinstagramjpg" hreflang="en">Antenna robot</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/improvingmembranebasedwaterfiltrationjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/06/15/improving_membrane_based_water_filtration.jpg?itok=ckdwARsw" width="220" height="220" alt="NIST researcher Chris Stafford is using a modified commercial instrument to measure the characteristics of different chemical formulations of ultra-thin sheets of plastic" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/improvingmembranebasedwaterfiltrationjpg" hreflang="en">Improving Membrane-Based Water Filtration</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18el005nist-researchers-end-cross-laminated-timbers-fire-test-2mbjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/05/21/18el005_nist-researchers-at-end-of-cross-laminated-timbers-fire-test-2mb.jpg?itok=wBJ4Feim" width="220" height="220" alt="Two firefighters look over the last flames inside a compartment where the flammability of cross-laminated timber buildings is being tested." title="NIST Firefighters at End of Cross-Laminated Timbers Fire Test" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18el005nist-researchers-end-cross-laminated-timbers-fire-test-2mbjpg" hreflang="en">NIST Firefighters at End of Cross-Laminated Timbers Fire Test</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/lab-setupjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/05/18/lab-setup.jpg?itok=ZTqO9FE7" width="220" height="220" alt="NIST-on-a-Chip lab setup" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/lab-setupjpg" hreflang="en">NIST-on-a-Chip lab setup</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/closeupx7001png" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/05/15/closeupx700_1.png?itok=2ElCK5vy" width="220" height="220" alt="gold chip" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/closeupx7001png" hreflang="en">SET Chip</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image-19105" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/05/12/nist-library-us-prototype-meter-bar-color_hr_1.jpg?itok=P32oo2f5" width="220" height="220" alt="Two meter bars with a red background" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image-19105" hreflang="en">Meter Bar</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18cnst006lithiumnanowhiskersjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/05/09/18cnst006_lithium_nanowhiskers.jpg?itok=TusqZR7c" width="220" height="220" alt="illustration. gray disk. green rods come up from the disk." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18cnst006lithiumnanowhiskersjpg" hreflang="en">Nanowires on a Lithium Solid-State Battery</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18el002astronautsampleholderameexperimentnasaimagejpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/05/01/18el002_astronautsampleholder_ame_experimentnasa_image.jpg?itok=n9jTMhsB" width="220" height="220" alt="Astronaut aboard the International Space Station is seen preparing a carousel holding samples of materials for a smoke detection test." title="Astronaut Prepares Samples for Microgravity Smoke Detection Test" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/18el002astronautsampleholderameexperimentnasaimagejpg" hreflang="en">Astronaut Prepares Samples for Microgravity Smoke Detection Test</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/tunicates-apr-02-201811-12-10gif" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2018/04/04/tunicates-apr-02-2018_11-12-10.gif" width="480" height="311" alt="Handing bending experimental material" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/tunicates-apr-02-201811-12-10gif" hreflang="en">Experimental Material: 30% tunicate</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/ion-trap-1" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/03/26/15pml031_ion-trap_composite_hr_bottom_only.jpg?itok=E9Weg7wB" width="220" height="220" alt="Square device surrounded by a design of gold wiring." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/ion-trap-1" hreflang="en">Ion Trap</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/bmfinteriorjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/03/22/bmf_interior.jpg?itok=nG10c9-h" width="220" height="220" alt="BMF Interior" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/bmfinteriorjpg" hreflang="en">BMF Interior</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/led-mapper" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2018/03/07/ledmapper.gif" width="1280" height="720" alt="LED mapper" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/led-mapper" hreflang="en">LED mapper</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/17mml016fentanylmass-charge-ratiopng" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/03/06/17mml016_fentanyl_mass-to-charge-ratio.png?itok=eg4sJFww" width="220" height="220" alt="A graph with vertical lines showing the mass spectrum of fentanyl" title=" Mass Spectrum of Fentanyl" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/17mml016fentanylmass-charge-ratiopng" hreflang="en">Mass Spectrum of Fentanyl</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/figure8png-1" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/02/21/figure_8.png?itok=-XttGEIZ" width="220" height="220" alt="EBSD map of the same cross section shown in Figure 7. 聽The black line shows the location of the melt pool boundary." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/figure8png-1" hreflang="en">Figure 8</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/17el031brandonlaneadditive-manuf-metrology-testbedcopyrtearl-zubkoffhrjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/02/12/17el031_brandon_lane_additive-manuf-metrology-testbed_copyrt_earl-zubkoff_hr.jpg?itok=Wtmwvsw6" width="220" height="220" alt="Researcher Brandon Lane making adjustments inside the large 3D printer" title="Additive Manufacturing Metrology Testbed" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/17el031brandonlaneadditive-manuf-metrology-testbedcopyrtearl-zubkoffhrjpg" hreflang="en">Additive Manufacturing Metrology Testbed</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/15pml034leon-chao-watt-balance-curt-suplee-nistjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/02/10/15pml034_leon-chao-watt-balance-by-curt-suplee-nist.jpg?itok=TuSxn_em" width="220" height="220" alt="NIST-4 Watt Balance" title="NIST-4 Watt Balance" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/15pml034leon-chao-watt-balance-curt-suplee-nistjpg" hreflang="en">NIST-4 Watt Balance</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/davidleibrandandquantumlogicclockjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/01/31/david_leibrand_and_quantum_logic_clock.jpg?itok=r8nxd__t" width="220" height="220" alt="NIST researcher David Leibrandt" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/davidleibrandandquantumlogicclockjpg" hreflang="en">David Leibrandt and Quantum Logic Clock</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/dibenedetoniststonetestwallmortarworkjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2018/01/11/di_benedeto_nist_stone_test_wall_mortar_work.jpg?itok=turZLYiy" width="220" height="220" alt="NIST Stone Test Wall mortar work" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/dibenedetoniststonetestwallmortarworkjpg" hreflang="en">NIST Stone Test Wall mortar</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/nice-cool-cyber-careers-girls-eventjpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2017/10/26/20131113_cybersecurity_620.jpg?itok=XRtiChne" width="220" height="220" alt="Davina Pruitt-Mentle discussing cyber career options at a table of young women. " loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/nice-cool-cyber-careers-girls-eventjpg" hreflang="en">NICE Cool Cyber Careers for Girls Event</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/h-terminated-si-surface" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2017/10/26/8nm.png?itok=gYYInk5n" width="220" height="220" alt="H-terminated Si surface." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/h-terminated-si-surface" hreflang="en">H-terminated Si surface.</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/erica-stein-pipetting960x600jpg" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2017/09/20/dsc_5330_edited_960x600.jpg?itok=EGR4oXYx" width="220" height="220" alt="Researcher Erica Stein pipetting under chemical hood" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/erica-stein-pipetting960x600jpg" hreflang="en">Erica Stein pipetting</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-2 mobile-lg:grid-col-4"> <figure class="nist-image nist-image--link"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/carbonnanotubespng-0" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/220_x_220_crop/public/images/2017/08/21/carbonnanotubes_1.png?itok=Ged_BK9-" width="220" height="220" alt="Carbon nanotubes" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image/carbonnanotubespng-0" hreflang="en">Carbon nanotubes</a> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="more-link grid-row-12 margin-top-2"><a class="usa-button" href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery/search">View all images</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div data-elastic-exclude> <!-- nist-index-ignore-start --> <footer class="nist-footer padding-bottom-4"> <div class="grid-container nist-footer__info"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-footer__logo"> <a href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" rel="home"> <img class="nist-footer__logo-img" src="/web/20231128043212im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/NIST-Logo-Brand-White.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology logo" width="300px" height="42px"/> </a> </div> <div class="nist-footer__contact"> <h3 class="nist-footer__contact-heading">HEADQUARTERS</h3> <address> 100 Bureau Drive<br> Gaithersburg, MD 20899<br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/tel:301-975-2000">301-975-2000</a> </address> <p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/mailto:do-webmaster@nist.gov">Webmaster</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/contact-us">Contact Us</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/visit">Our Other Offices</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-footer__social-links"> <a class="nist-social nist-social--twitter-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://twitter.com/NIST"> <span>Twitter</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--facebook-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.facebook.com/NIST"> <span>Facebook</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--linkedin-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.linkedin.com/company/nist"> <span>LinkedIn</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--instagram-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.instagram.com/nist/"> <span>Instagram</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--youtube-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.youtube.com/NIST"> <span>YouTube</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--giphy-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://giphy.com/nist"> <span>Giphy</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--rss-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/nist-rss-feeds"> <span>RSS Feed</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--envelope-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/subscriber/new"> <span>Mailing List</span> </a> </div> <div class="nist-footer__feedback"> How are we doing? <a class="usa-button" rel="nofollow" href="/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/form/nist-gov-feedback?destination=/image-gallery" title="Provide feedback">Feedback</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-footer__nav" role="navigation"> <ul> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/privacy-policy">Site Privacy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/oism/accessibility">Accessibility</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/privacy">Privacy Program</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/oism/copyrights">Copyrights</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.commerce.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy">Vulnerability Disclosure</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/no-fear-act-policy">No Fear Act Policy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/office-director/freedom-information-act">FOIA</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/environmental-policy-statement">Environmental Policy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/summary-report-scientific-integrity">Scientific Integrity</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.nist.gov/nist-information-quality-standards">Information Quality Standards</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://www.commerce.gov/">Commerce.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/http://www.science.gov/">Science.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/http://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212/https://vote.gov/">Vote.gov</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer> <!-- nist-index-ignore-end --> </div> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/1564191","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"back_to_top":{"back_to_top_button_trigger":100,"back_to_top_prevent_on_mobile":false,"back_to_top_prevent_in_admin":true,"back_to_top_button_type":"image","back_to_top_button_text":"Back to top"},"google_analytics":{"account":"G-HEQ0YF2VYL","trackOutbound":true,"trackMailto":true,"trackTel":true,"trackDownload":true,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|bsh|c|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|dw(fx|g|gd)|dxf|eps|epub|exe|f(90)|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|m1v|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mobi|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|pl|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|rfa|rtf|rvt|sch|sea|sit|swf|tar|tgz|tif|txt|txz|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|wrl|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|xsd|z|zip"},"nist_search":{"clickTracking":"search-report-click","isDebug":false,"clickTrackEnabled":true,"message":"NIST Search in debug mode. Check the browsers network inspector for Click Track reporting results..."},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":false,"extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":false,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":true,"extExclude":"\\.gov\\\/|\\.mil\\\/|\\manufacturingusa\\.com\\\/","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":true,"extAlertText":"Thank you for visiting NIST. We hope your visit was informative. We have provided a link to this site because it has information that may be of interest to our users. NIST does not necessarily endorse the views expressed or the facts presented on this site. Further, NIST does not endorse any commercial products that may be advertised or available on this site. Click OK to be directed to your link.","mailtoClass":"0","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"\/image-gallery\/search":true},"chosen":{"selector":"select:not([id=\u0027edit-field-event-date-0-duration\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-event-type-select\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-is-this-event-by-invite-only-or-open-to-the-public\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-who-is-the-primary-target-audience\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-event-address-state-province\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-event-address-2-state-province\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-timezone-optional-\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-target-audience-select\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-event-address-country\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-event-address-2-country\u0027]):not([title=\u0027Month\u0027]):not([title=\u0027Day\u0027]):not([title=\u0027Year\u0027]),.facets-dropdown","minimum_single":0,"minimum_multiple":0,"minimum_width":200,"use_relative_width":false,"options":{"disable_search":false,"disable_search_threshold":20,"allow_single_deselect":false,"search_contains":true,"placeholder_text_multiple":"Choose some options","placeholder_text_single":"Choose an option","no_results_text":"No results match","max_shown_results":null,"inherit_select_classes":true}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"2f77e4dcfce20728ac491170886da836c10b580f9bdfeb9c9e729fe4958834d5"}}</script> <script src="/web/20231128043212js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_wWC32cBD9qab55wFkKWKvOdi_p-P8cBjregEiEdV1z4.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=nist_www&include=eJx1UItuwzAI_CEvfJJFCE1pHZMZ0ix_P-elRp0mWYg7n-A40sLw-J64LKFFekbX-ka49PFh_34JaQ69ap84Ysa0uJDBJxGymMck-Skeb5KcC_ylYo-70MRZhrHoi-GTWM1snN954OpBU4slDtpBJ4ZtXbsODbaY81C9Gm966JO2mK791zEK7owdlxPGeZ6v6gteJfzj6wLoyjRiag4YXsKzwVabamZKHOgdbaOZONykJxxdNJ8hvJlAdzXO59gdHWS9qIW9bcgsJFx08ljvpZpIWUAzk17cDkJF19B-ASBvvJs"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128043212js_/https://siteimproveanalytics.com/js/siteanalyze_6017546.js" async></script> <script src="/web/20231128043212js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_LvzE8_4xlvtzWD1kYsweo_-I-cBC9RuJ2HPx7s4DkRk.js?scope=footer&delta=2&language=en&theme=nist_www&include=eJx1UItuwzAI_CEvfJJFCE1pHZMZ0ix_P-elRp0mWYg7n-A40sLw-J64LKFFekbX-ka49PFh_34JaQ69ap84Ysa0uJDBJxGymMck-Skeb5KcC_ylYo-70MRZhrHoi-GTWM1snN954OpBU4slDtpBJ4ZtXbsODbaY81C9Gm966JO2mK791zEK7owdlxPGeZ6v6gteJfzj6wLoyjRiag4YXsKzwVabamZKHOgdbaOZONykJxxdNJ8hvJlAdzXO59gdHWS9qIW9bcgsJFx08ljvpZpIWUAzk17cDkJF19B-ASBvvJs"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"gov-bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"37b7ccb661","applicationID":"1089704227","transactionName":"YFxUN0sADEdYVkBaClkWdwBNCA1aFkVVVABoWlcAUQQ=","queueTime":3,"applicationTime":55,"atts":"TBtXQQMaH0k=","errorBeacon":"gov-bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 04:32:12 Nov 28, 2023 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 10:42:52 Nov 25, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 0.597 exclusion.robots: 0.05 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.037 esindex: 0.012 cdx.remote: 13.219 LoadShardBlock: 141.624 (3) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 81.023 (4) PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 228.733 (3) load_resource: 193.951 -->