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ultrasound</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: continuous ultrasound"> <meta name="keywords" content="continuous ultrasound"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="continuous ultrasound"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2724</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: continuous ultrasound</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2724</span> Comparative Study Between Continuous Versus Pulsed Ultrasound in Knee Osteoarthritis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Mohamed%20Fawzy%20Ghuiba">Karim Mohamed Fawzy Ghuiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20Aldeen%20Abd%20Al%20Hakeem%20Balbaa"> Alaa Aldeen Abd Al Hakeem Balbaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shams%20Elbaz"> Shams Elbaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: To compare between the effects continuous and pulsed ultrasound on pain and function in patient with knee osteoarthritis. Design: Randomized-Single blinded Study. Participants: 6 patients with knee osteoarthritis with mean age 53.66±3.61years, Altman Grade II or III. Interventions: Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups; Group A received continuous ultrasound and Group B received pulsed ultrasound. Outcome measures: Effects of pulsed and continuous ultrasound were evaluated by pain threshold assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and function assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) scores. Results: There was no significant decrease in VAS and WOMAC scores in patients treated with pulsed or continuous ultrasound; and there were no significant differences between both groups. Conclusion: there is no difference between the effects of pulsed and continuous ultrasound in pain relief or functional outcome in patients with knee osteoarthritis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20osteoarthritis" title="knee osteoarthritis">knee osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsed%20ultrasound" title=" pulsed ultrasound"> pulsed ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%20therapy" title=" ultrasound therapy"> ultrasound therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20ultrasound" title=" continuous ultrasound"> continuous ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45728/comparative-study-between-continuous-versus-pulsed-ultrasound-in-knee-osteoarthritis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45728.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2723</span> Study on Discontinuity Properties of Phased-Array Ultrasound Transducer Affecting to Sound Pressure Fields Pattern</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tran%20Trong%20Thang">Tran Trong Thang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nguyen%20Phan%20Kien"> Nguyen Phan Kien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trinh%20Quang%20Duc"> Trinh Quang Duc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phased-array ultrasound transducer types are utilities for medical ultrasonography as well as optical imaging. However, their discontinuity characteristic limits the applications due to the artifacts contaminated into the reconstructed images. Because of the effects of the ultrasound pressure field pattern to the echo ultrasonic waves as well as the optical modulated signal, the side lobes of the focused ultrasound beam induced by discontinuity of the phased-array ultrasound transducer might the reason of the artifacts. In this paper, a simple method in approach of numerical simulation was used to investigate the limitation of discontinuity of the elements in phased-array ultrasound transducer and their effects to the ultrasound pressure field. Take into account the change of ultrasound pressure field patterns in the conditions of variation of the pitches between elements of the phased-array ultrasound transducer, the appropriated parameters for phased-array ultrasound transducer design were asserted quantitatively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phased-array%20ultrasound%20transducer" title="phased-array ultrasound transducer">phased-array ultrasound transducer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sound%20pressure%20pattern" title=" sound pressure pattern"> sound pressure pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discontinuous%20sound%20field" title=" discontinuous sound field"> discontinuous sound field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20visualization" title=" numerical visualization"> numerical visualization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15171/study-on-discontinuity-properties-of-phased-array-ultrasound-transducer-affecting-to-sound-pressure-fields-pattern" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2722</span> CFD Modeling of Mixing Enhancement in a Pitted Micromixer by High Frequency Ultrasound Waves </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faezeh%20Mohammadi">Faezeh Mohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Ebrahimi"> Ebrahim Ebrahimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neda%20Azimi"> Neda Azimi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Use of ultrasound waves is one of the techniques for increasing the mixing and mass transfer in the microdevices. Ultrasound propagation into liquid medium leads to stimulation of the fluid, creates turbulence and so increases the mixing performance. In this study, CFD modeling of two-phase flow in a pitted micromixer equipped with a piezoelectric with frequency of 1.7 MHz has been studied. CFD modeling of micromixer at different velocity of fluid flow in the absence of ultrasound waves and with ultrasound application has been performed. The hydrodynamic of fluid flow and mixing efficiency for using ultrasound has been compared with the layout of no ultrasound application. The result of CFD modeling shows well agreements with the experimental results. The results showed that the flow pattern inside the micromixer in the absence of ultrasound waves is parallel, while when ultrasound has been applied, it is not parallel. In fact, propagation of ultrasound energy into the fluid flow in the studied micromixer changed the hydrodynamic and the forms of the flow pattern and caused to mixing enhancement. In general, from the CFD modeling results, it can be concluded that the applying ultrasound energy into the liquid medium causes an increase in the turbulences and mixing and consequently, improves the mass transfer rate within the micromixer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD%20modeling" title="CFD modeling">CFD modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixing" title=" mixing"> mixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20transfer" title=" mass transfer"> mass transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102598/cfd-modeling-of-mixing-enhancement-in-a-pitted-micromixer-by-high-frequency-ultrasound-waves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2721</span> Ophthalmic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Retinoblastoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20Algaeed">Abdulrahman Algaeed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Ophthalmic Ultrasound is the easiest method of early diagnosing Retinoblastoma after clinical examination. It can be done with ease without sedation. King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital is a tertiary care center where Retinoblastoma patients are often seen and treated there. The first modality to rule out the disease is Ophthalmic Ultrasound. Classic Retinoblastoma is easily diagnosed by using the conventional 10MHz Ophthalmic Ultrasound probe in the regular clinic setup. Retinal lesion with multiple, very highly reflective surfaces within lesion typical of Calcium deposits. The use of Standardized A-scan is very useful where internal reflectivity is classified as very highly reflective. Color Doppler is extremely useful as well to show the blood flow within lesion/s. In conclusion: Ophthalmic Ultrasound should be the first tool to be used to diagnose Retinoblastoma after clinical examination. The accuracy of the Exam is very high. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doppler" title="doppler">doppler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retinoblastoma" title=" retinoblastoma"> retinoblastoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflectivity" title=" reflectivity"> reflectivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165364/ophthalmic-ultrasound-in-the-diagnosis-of-retinoblastoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2720</span> Effect of Ultrasound on the Hydrolysis of Soy Oil Catalyzed by 1,3-Specific Lipase Abstract </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Abd%20Awadallak">Jamal Abd Awadallak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thiago%20Olinek%20Reinehr"> Thiago Olinek Reinehr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eduardo%20Raizer"> Eduardo Raizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deise%20Molinari"> Deise Molinari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edson%20Antonio"> Edson Antonio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camila%20da%20Silva%20da%20Silva"> Camila da Silva da Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hydrolysis of soy oil catalyzed by 1,3-specific enzyme (Lecitase Ultra) in a well-stirred bioreactor was studied. Two forms of applications of the ultrasound were evaluated aiming to increase reaction rates, wherein the use of probe ultrasound associated with the use of surfactant to pre-emulsify the substrate showed the best results. Two different reaction periods were found: the first where the ultrasound has great influence on reaction rates, and the second where ultrasound influence is minimal. Studies on the time of pre-emulsification, surfactant concentration and enzyme concentration showed that the initial rate of hydrolysis depends on the interfacial area between the oil phase and the aqueous phase containing the enzyme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20enzyme" title="specific enzyme">specific enzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20fatty%20acids" title=" free fatty acids"> free fatty acids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hydrolysis" title=" Hydrolysis"> Hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lecitase%20ultra" title=" lecitase ultra"> lecitase ultra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20337/effect-of-ultrasound-on-the-hydrolysis-of-soy-oil-catalyzed-by-13-specific-lipase-abstract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20337.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2719</span> Release of Calcein from Liposomes Using Low and High Frequency Ultrasound</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghaleb%20A.%20Husseini">Ghaleb A. Husseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20E.%20Ahmed"> Salma E. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesham%20G.%20Moussa"> Hesham G. Moussa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20M.%20Martins"> Ana M. Martins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Al-Sayah"> Mohammad Al-Sayah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20Qaddoumi"> Nasser Qaddoumi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This abstract aims to investigate the use of targeted liposomes as anticancer drug carriers in vitro in combination with ultrasound applied as drug trigger; in order to reduce the side effects caused by traditional chemotherapy. Pegylated liposomes were used to encapsulate calcein and then release this model drug when 20-kHz, 40-kHz, 1-MHz and 3-MHz ultrasound were applied at different acoustic power densities. Fluorescence techniques were then used to measure the percent drug release of calcein from these targeted liposomes. Results showed that as the power density increases, at the four frequencies studied, the release of calcein also increased. Based on these results, we believe that ultrasound can be used to increase the rate and amount of chemotherapeutics release from liposomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liposomes" title="liposomes">liposomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcein%20release" title=" calcein release"> calcein release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20frequency%20ultrasound" title=" high frequency ultrasound"> high frequency ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20frequency%20ultrasound" title=" low frequency ultrasound"> low frequency ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluorescence%20techniques" title=" fluorescence techniques"> fluorescence techniques</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24679/release-of-calcein-from-liposomes-using-low-and-high-frequency-ultrasound" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24679.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2718</span> Review of Ultrasound Image Processing Techniques for Speckle Noise Reduction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwazikwenkosi%20Sikhakhane">Kwazikwenkosi Sikhakhane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suvendi%20Rimer"> Suvendi Rimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mpho%20Gololo"> Mpho Gololo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khmaies%20Oahada"> Khmaies Oahada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adnan%20Abu-Mahfouz"> Adnan Abu-Mahfouz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medical ultrasound imaging is a crucial diagnostic technique due to its affordability and non-invasiveness compared to other imaging methods. However, the presence of speckle noise, which is a form of multiplicative noise, poses a significant obstacle to obtaining clear and accurate images in ultrasound imaging. Speckle noise reduces image quality by decreasing contrast, resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This makes it difficult for medical professionals to interpret ultrasound images accurately. To address this issue, various techniques have been developed to reduce speckle noise in ultrasound images, which improves image quality. This paper aims to review some of these techniques, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm and identifying the scenarios in which they work most effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title="image processing">image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise" title=" noise"> noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speckle" title=" speckle"> speckle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166509/review-of-ultrasound-image-processing-techniques-for-speckle-noise-reduction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2717</span> Destruction of Atherosclerotic Plaque Using Pulse Ultrasound with a Planar Rectangular Ultrasound Transducer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christakis%20Damianou">Christakis Damianou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christos%20Christofi"> Christos Christofi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicos%20Mylonas"> Nicos Mylonas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the proposed study was to evaluate mechanical mode ultrasound using a flat rectangular (3x10 mm2) MRI compatible transducer operating at 5 MHz for destroying atherosclerotic plaque. The system was tested initially in a Hydroxyapatite-polyalactide (HA/PLA) model. An optimized protocol was decided and then applied in atherosclerotic plaque of a rabbit. The plaque in the rabbit was created using a high cholesterol diet. The atherosclerotic plaque was imaged using MRI. This study shows that the destruction of atherosclerotic plaque is feasible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mri" title="mri">mri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atherosclerotic" title=" atherosclerotic"> atherosclerotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plaque" title=" plaque"> plaque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse" title=" pulse"> pulse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11014/destruction-of-atherosclerotic-plaque-using-pulse-ultrasound-with-a-planar-rectangular-ultrasound-transducer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2716</span> Application of Dual-Stage Sugar Substitution Technique in Tommy Atkins Mangoes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20A.%20B.%20De%20Medeiros">Rafael A. B. De Medeiros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zilmar%20M.%20P.%20Barros"> Zilmar M. P. Barros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20B.%20O.%20De%20Carvalho"> Carlos B. O. De Carvalho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eunice%20G.%20Fraga%20Neta"> Eunice G. Fraga Neta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20I.%20S.%20Maciel"> Maria I. S. Maciel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20M.%20Azoubel"> Patricia M. Azoubel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of the sugar substitution technique (D3S) in mango was studied. It consisted of two stages and the use of ultrasound in one or both stages was evaluated in terms of water loss and solid gain. Higher water loss results were found subjecting the fruit samples to ultrasound in the first stage followed by immersion of the samples in Stevia-based solution with application of ultrasound in the second stage, while higher solids gain were obtained without application of ultrasound in second stage. Samples were evaluated in terms of total carotenoids content and total color difference. Samples submitted to ultrasound in both D3S stages presented higher carotenoid retention compared to samples sonicated only in the first stage. Color of man goes after the D3S process showed notable changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mangifera%20indica%20L." title="Mangifera indica L.">Mangifera indica L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stevia%20rebaudiana" title=" Stevia rebaudiana"> Stevia rebaudiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43926/application-of-dual-stage-sugar-substitution-technique-in-tommy-atkins-mangoes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2715</span> Reduction of Speckle Noise in Echocardiographic Images: A Survey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fathi%20Kallel">Fathi Kallel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saida%20Khachira"> Saida Khachira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ben%20Slima"> Mohamed Ben Slima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Ben%20Hamida"> Ahmed Ben Hamida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Speckle noise is a main characteristic of cardiac ultrasound images, it corresponding to grainy appearance that degrades the image quality. For this reason, the ultrasound images are difficult to use automatically in clinical use, then treatments are required for this type of images. Then a filtering procedure of these images is necessary to eliminate the speckle noise and to improve the quality of ultrasound images which will be then segmented to extract the necessary forms that exist. In this paper, we present the importance of the pre-treatment step for segmentation. This work is applied to cardiac ultrasound images. In a first step, a comparative study of speckle filtering method will be presented and then we use a segmentation algorithm to locate and extract cardiac structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20image%20processing" title="medical image processing">medical image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%20images" title=" ultrasound images"> ultrasound images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Speckle%20noise" title=" Speckle noise"> Speckle noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20enhancement" title=" image enhancement"> image enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speckle%20filtering" title=" speckle filtering"> speckle filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=segmentation" title=" segmentation"> segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=snakes" title=" snakes"> snakes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19064/reduction-of-speckle-noise-in-echocardiographic-images-a-survey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19064.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">530</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2714</span> Development of Ultrasounf Probe Holder for Automatic Scanning Asymmetric Reflector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabilah%20Ibrahim">Nabilah Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Mohd%20Zaini"> Hafiz Mohd Zaini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wan%20Fatin%20Liyana%20Mutalib"> Wan Fatin Liyana Mutalib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultrasound equipment or machine is capable to scan in two dimensional (2D) areas. However there are some limitations occur during scanning an object. The problem will occur when scanning process that involving the asymmetric object. In this project, the ultrasound probe holder for asymmetric reflector scanning in 3D image is proposed to make easier for scanning the phantom or object that has asymmetric shape. Initially, the constructed asymmetric phantom that construct will be used in 2D scanning. Next, the asymmetric phantom will be interfaced by the movement of ultrasound probe holder using the Arduino software. After that, the performance of the ultrasound probe holder will be evaluated by using the various asymmetric reflector or phantom in constructing a 3D image <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%203D%20images" title="ultrasound 3D images">ultrasound 3D images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20and%20lateral%20resolution" title=" axial and lateral resolution"> axial and lateral resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetric%20reflector" title=" asymmetric reflector"> asymmetric reflector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arduino%20software" title=" Arduino software"> Arduino software</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22856/development-of-ultrasounf-probe-holder-for-automatic-scanning-asymmetric-reflector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">560</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2713</span> The Effect of Ultrasound as Pre-Treatment for Drying of Red Delicious and Golden Delicious Apples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulcin%20Yildiz">Gulcin Yildiz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drying (dehydration) is the process of removing water from food in order to preserve the food and an alternative to reduce post-harvest loss of fruits. Different pre-treatment methods have been developed for fruit drying, such as ultrasound. If no pre-treatment is done, the fruits will continue to darken after they are dried. However, the effects of ultrasound as pre-treatment on drying of apples has not been well documented. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of ultrasound as pre-treatment before oven drying of red delicious and golden delicious apples. Red delicious and golden delicious apples were dried in different temperatures. Before performing drying experiments in an oven at 50, 75 and 100 °C, ultrasound as pretreatment was applied in 5, 10, and 15 minutes. Colors of the dried apples were measured with a Minolta Chroma Meter CR-300 (Minolta Camera Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan) by directly holding the device vertically to the surface of the samples. Content of total phenols was determined spectrophotometrically with the FolinCiocalteau assay, and the antioxidant capacity was evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The samples (both red delicious and golden delicious apples) with longer ultrasound treatment produced higher weight loss due to the changes in tissue structure. However less phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were observed for the samples with longer ultrasound pre-treatment. The highest total phenolic content (TPC) was determined in dried apples at 75 °C with 5 minutes pre-treatment ultrasound and the lowest TPC was determined in dried apples at 50 °C with 15 minutes pre-treatment ultrasound which was subjected to the longest ultrasound pre-treatment and drying. The combination of 5 min of ultrasound pre-treatment and 75 °C of oven-drying showed to be the best combination for an energy efficient process. This combination exhibited good antioxidant properties as well. The present study clearly demonstrated that applying ultrasound as pre-treatment for drying of apples is an effective process in terms of quality of dried products, time, and energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=golden%20delicious%20apples" title="golden delicious apples">golden delicious apples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20delicious%20apples" title=" red delicious apples"> red delicious apples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20phenolic%20content" title=" total phenolic content"> total phenolic content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ultrasound" title=" Ultrasound"> Ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88399/the-effect-of-ultrasound-as-pre-treatment-for-drying-of-red-delicious-and-golden-delicious-apples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2712</span> Reliable Soup: Reliable-Driven Model Weight Fusion on Ultrasound Imaging Classification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuge%20Lei">Shuge Lei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haonan%20Hu"> Haonan Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dasheng%20Sun"> Dasheng Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huabin%20Zhang"> Huabin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kehong%20Yuan"> Kehong Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Dai"> Jian Dai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Tong"> Yan Tong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It remains challenging to measure reliability from classification results from different machine learning models. This paper proposes a reliable soup optimization algorithm based on the model weight fusion algorithm Model Soup, aiming to improve reliability by using dual-channel reliability as the objective function to fuse a series of weights in the breast ultrasound classification models. Experimental results on breast ultrasound clinical datasets demonstrate that reliable soup significantly enhances the reliability of breast ultrasound image classification tasks. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was verified via multicenter trials. The results from five centers indicate that the reliability optimization algorithm can enhance the reliability of the breast ultrasound image classification model and exhibit low multicenter correlation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20ultrasound%20image%20classification" title="breast ultrasound image classification">breast ultrasound image classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20attribution" title=" feature attribution"> feature attribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20assessment" title=" reliability assessment"> reliability assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20optimization" title=" reliability optimization"> reliability optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176773/reliable-soup-reliable-driven-model-weight-fusion-on-ultrasound-imaging-classification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2711</span> Effect of Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment on Saccharification of Spent Coffee Grounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shady%20S.%20Hassan">Shady S. Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brijesh%20K.%20Tiwari"> Brijesh K. Tiwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gwilym%20A.%20Williams"> Gwilym A. Williams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amit%20K.%20Jaiswal"> Amit K. Jaiswal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> EU is known as the destination with the highest rate of the coffee consumption per capita in the world. Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are the main by-product of coffee brewing. SCG is either disposed as a solid waste or employed as compost, although the polysaccharides from such lignocellulosic biomass might be used as feedstock for fermentation processes. However, SCG as a lignocellulose have a complex structure and pretreatment process is required to facilitate an efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of carbohydrates. However, commonly used pretreatment methods, such as chemical, physico-chemical and biological techniques are still insufficient to meet optimal industrial production requirements in a sustainable way. Ultrasound is a promising candidate as a sustainable green pretreatment solution for lignocellulosic biomass utilization in a large scale biorefinery. Thus, ultrasound pretreatment of SCG without adding harsh chemicals investigated as a green technology to enhance enzyme hydrolysis. In the present work, ultrasound pretreatment experiments were conducted on SCG using different ultrasound frequencies (25, 35, 45, 130, and 950 kHz) for 60 min. Regardless of ultrasound power, low ultrasound frequency is more effective than high ultrasound frequency in pretreatment of biomass. Ultrasound pretreatment of SCG (at ultrasound frequency of 25 kHz for 60 min) followed by enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in total reducing sugars of 56.1 ± 2.8 mg/g of biomass. Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to investigate changes in functional groups of biomass after pretreatment, while high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed for determination of glucose. Pretreatment of lignocellulose by low frequency ultrasound in water only was found to be an effective green approach for SCG to improve saccharification and glucose yield compared to native biomass. Pretreatment conditions will be optimized, and the enzyme hydrolysate will be used as media component substitute for the production of ethanol. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lignocellulose" title="lignocellulose">lignocellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pretreatment" title=" pretreatment"> pretreatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spent%20coffee%20grounds" title=" spent coffee grounds"> spent coffee grounds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101597/effect-of-ultrasound-assisted-pretreatment-on-saccharification-of-spent-coffee-grounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2710</span> Microfluidic Continuous Approaches to Produce Magnetic Nanoparticles with Homogeneous Size Distribution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ane%20Larrea">Ane Larrea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Sebastian"> Victor Sebastian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuel%20Arruebo"> Manuel Arruebo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jesus%20Santamaria"> Jesus Santamaria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present a gas-liquid microfluidic system as a reactor to obtain magnetite nanoparticles with an excellent degree of control regarding their crystalline phase, shape and size. Several types of microflow approaches were selected to prevent nanomaterial aggregation and to promote homogenous size distribution. The selected reactor consists of a mixer stage aided by ultrasound waves and a reaction stage using a N2-liquid segmented flow to prevent magnetite oxidation to non-magnetic phases. A milli-fluidic reactor was developed to increase the production rate where a magnetite throughput close to 450 mg/h in a continuous fashion was obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20production" title="continuous production">continuous production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanoparticles" title=" magnetic nanoparticles"> magnetic nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfluidics" title=" microfluidics"> microfluidics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomaterials" title=" nanomaterials"> nanomaterials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24577/microfluidic-continuous-approaches-to-produce-magnetic-nanoparticles-with-homogeneous-size-distribution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24577.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">592</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2709</span> Protein and Lipid Extraction from Microalgae with Ultrasound Assisted Osmotic Shock Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nais%20Pinta%20Adetya">Nais Pinta Adetya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Hadiyanto"> H. Hadiyanto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microalgae has a potential to be utilized as food and natural colorant. The microalgae components consists of three main parts, these are lipid, protein, and carbohydrate. Crucial step in producing lipid and protein from microalgae is extraction. Microalgae has high water level (70-90%), it causes drying process of biomass needs much more energy and also has potential to distract lipid and protein from microalgae. Extraction of lipid from wet biomass is able to take place efficiently with cell disruption of microalgae by osmotic shock method. In this study, osmotic shock method was going to be integrated with ultrasound to maximalize the extraction yield of lipid and protein from wet biomass Spirulina sp. with osmotic shock method assisted ultrasound. This study consisted of two steps, these were osmotic shock process toward wet biomass and ultrasound extraction assisted. NaCl solution was used as osmotic agent, with the variation of concentrations were 10%, 20%, and 30%. Extraction was conducted in 40°C for 20 minutes with frequency of ultrasound wave was 40kHz. The optimal yield of protein (2.7%) and (lipid 38%) were achieved at 20% osmotic agent concentration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title="extraction">extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid" title=" lipid"> lipid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osmotic%20shock" title=" osmotic shock"> osmotic shock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein" title=" protein"> protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76886/protein-and-lipid-extraction-from-microalgae-with-ultrasound-assisted-osmotic-shock-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76886.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2708</span> Comparison of Classical and Ultrasound-Assisted Extractions of Hyphaene thebaica Fruit and Evaluation of Its Extract as Antibacterial Activity in Reducing Severity of Erwinia carotovora</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Moawad">Hanan Moawad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naglaa%20M.%20Abd%20EL-Rahman"> Naglaa M. Abd EL-Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora is the main cause of soft rot in potatoes. Hyphaene thebaica was studied for biocontrol of E. carotovora which inhibited growth of E. carotovora on solid medium, a comparative study of classical and ultrasound-assisted extractions of Hyphaene thebaica fruit. The use of ultrasound decreased significant the total time of treatment and increase the total amount of crude extract. The crude extract was subjected to determine the in vitro, by a bioassay technique revealed that the treatment of paper disks with ultrasound extraction of Hyphaene thebaica reduced the growth of pathogen and produced inhibition zones up to 38mm in diameter. The antioxidant activity of ultrasound-ethanolic extract of Doum fruits (Hyphaene thebaica) was determined. Data obtained showed that the extract contains the secondary metabolites such as Tannins, Saponin, Flavonoids, Phenols, Steroids, Terpenoids, Glycosides and Alkaloids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title="ultrasound">ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classical%20extract" title=" classical extract"> classical extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20control" title=" biological control"> biological control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erwinia%20carotovora" title=" Erwinia carotovora"> Erwinia carotovora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyphaene%20thebaica" title=" Hyphaene thebaica"> Hyphaene thebaica</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8686/comparison-of-classical-and-ultrasound-assisted-extractions-of-hyphaene-thebaica-fruit-and-evaluation-of-its-extract-as-antibacterial-activity-in-reducing-severity-of-erwinia-carotovora" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2707</span> Gaussian Mixture Model Based Identification of Arterial Wall Movement for Computation of Distension Waveform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravindra%20B.%20Patil">Ravindra B. Patil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Krishnamoorthy"> P. Krishnamoorthy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shriram%20Sethuraman"> Shriram Sethuraman </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work proposes a novel Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) based approach for accurate tracking of the arterial wall and subsequent computation of the distension waveform using Radio Frequency (RF) ultrasound signal. The approach was evaluated on ultrasound RF data acquired using a prototype ultrasound system from an artery mimicking flow phantom. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by comparing with existing wall tracking algorithms. The experimental results show that the proposed method provides 20% reduction in the error margin compared to the existing approaches in tracking the arterial wall movement. This approach coupled with ultrasound system can be used to estimate the arterial compliance parameters required for screening of cardiovascular related disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distension%20waveform" title="distension waveform">distension waveform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaussian%20Mixture%20Model" title=" Gaussian Mixture Model"> Gaussian Mixture Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20ultrasound" title=" RF ultrasound"> RF ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arterial%20wall%20movement" title=" arterial wall movement"> arterial wall movement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22974/gaussian-mixture-model-based-identification-of-arterial-wall-movement-for-computation-of-distension-waveform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2706</span> Enhancing of Laser Imaging by Using Ultrasound Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayder%20Raad%20Hafuze">Hayder Raad Hafuze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munqith%20Saleem%20Dawood"> Munqith Saleem Dawood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Abdul%20Jabbar"> Jamal Abdul Jabbar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of using both ultrasounds with laser in medical imaging of the biological tissue has been studied in this paper. Different wave lengths of incident laser light (405 nm, 532 nm, 650 nm, 808 nm and 1064 nm) were used with different ultrasound frequencies (1MHz and 3.3MHz). The results showed that, the change of acoustic intensity enhance the laser penetration of the tissue for different thickness. The existence of the ideal Raman-Nath diffraction pattern were investigated in terms of phase delay and incident angle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue" title="tissue">tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title=" laser"> laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effect" title=" effect"> effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaging" title=" imaging "> imaging </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45517/enhancing-of-laser-imaging-by-using-ultrasound-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2705</span> Automated Ultrasound Carotid Artery Image Segmentation Using Curvelet Threshold Decomposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Latha%20Subbiah">Latha Subbiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhanalakshmi%20Samiappan"> Dhanalakshmi Samiappan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose denoising Common Carotid Artery (CCA) B mode ultrasound images by a decomposition approach to curvelet thresholding and automatic segmentation of the intima media thickness and adventitia boundary. By decomposition, the local geometry of the image, its direction of gradients are well preserved. The components are combined into a single vector valued function, thus removes noise patches. Double threshold is applied to inherently remove speckle noise in the image. The denoised image is segmented by active contour without specifying seed points. Combined with level set theory, they provide sub regions with continuous boundaries. The deformable contours match to the shapes and motion of objects in the images. A curve or a surface under constraints is developed from the image with the goal that it is pulled into the necessary features of the image. Region based and boundary based information are integrated to achieve the contour. The method treats the multiplicative speckle noise in objective and subjective quality measurements and thus leads to better-segmented results. The proposed denoising method gives better performance metrics compared with other state of art denoising algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curvelet" title="curvelet">curvelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decomposition" title=" decomposition"> decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levelset" title=" levelset"> levelset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56351/automated-ultrasound-carotid-artery-image-segmentation-using-curvelet-threshold-decomposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2704</span> Quantitative Assessment of Soft Tissues by Statistical Analysis of Ultrasound Backscattered Signals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Da-Ming%20Huang">Da-Ming Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Ting%20Tsai"> Ya-Ting Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shyh-Hau%20Wang"> Shyh-Hau Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultrasound signals backscattered from the soft tissues are mainly depending on the size, density, distribution, and other elastic properties of scatterers in the interrogated sample volume. The quantitative analysis of ultrasonic backscattering is frequently implemented using the statistical approach due to that of backscattering signals tends to be with the nature of the random variable. Thus, the statistical analysis, such as Nakagami statistics, has been applied to characterize the density and distribution of scatterers of a sample. Yet, the accuracy of statistical analysis could be readily affected by the receiving signals associated with the nature of incident ultrasound wave and acoustical properties of samples. Thus, in the present study, efforts were made to explore such effects as the ultrasound operational modes and attenuation of biological tissue on the estimation of corresponding Nakagami statistical parameter (m parameter). In vitro measurements were performed from healthy and pathological fibrosis porcine livers using different single-element ultrasound transducers and duty cycles of incident tone burst ranging respectively from 3.5 to 7.5 MHz and 10 to 50%. Results demonstrated that the estimated m parameter tends to be sensitively affected by the use of ultrasound operational modes as well as the tissue attenuation. The healthy and pathological tissues may be characterized quantitatively by m parameter under fixed measurement conditions and proper calibration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%20backscattering" title="ultrasound backscattering">ultrasound backscattering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20analysis" title=" statistical analysis"> statistical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operational%20mode" title=" operational mode"> operational mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attenuation" title=" attenuation"> attenuation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46401/quantitative-assessment-of-soft-tissues-by-statistical-analysis-of-ultrasound-backscattered-signals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2703</span> Ultrasound Markers in Evaluation of Hernias </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aniruddha%20Kulkarni">Aniruddha Kulkarni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In very few cases of external hernias we require imaging modalities as on most occasions clinical examination tests are good enough. Ultrasound will help in chronic abdominal or groin pain, equivocal clinical results & complicated hernias. Ultrasound is useful in assessment of cause of raised intrabdominal pressure. In certain cases will comment about etiology, complications and chronicicty of lesion. Screening of rest of abdominal organs too is important advantage being real time modality. Cost effectiveness, no radiation allows modality be used repeatedly in indicated cases. Sonography is better accepted by patients too as it is cost effective. Best advanced tissue harmonic equipment and increasing expertise making it popular. Ultrasound can define surgical anatomy, rent size, contents, etiological /recurrence factors in great detail and with authority hence accidental findings in a planned surgical procedure can be easily avoided. Clinical dynamic valselva and reducibility test can better documented by real time ultrasound study. In case of recurrence, Sonography will help in assessing the hernia details better as being dynamic real time investigation. Ultrasound signs in case of internal hernias are well comparable with CT findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laparoscopic%20repair" title="laparoscopic repair">laparoscopic repair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hernia" title=" Hernia"> Hernia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CT%20findings" title=" CT findings"> CT findings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20pain" title=" chronic pain "> chronic pain </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2651/ultrasound-markers-in-evaluation-of-hernias" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2651.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2702</span> Influence of the Low Frequency Ultrasound on the Cadmium (II) Biosorption by an Ecofriendly Biocomposite (Extraction Solid Waste of Ammi visnaga / Calcium Alginate): Kinetic Modeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Nouri%20Taiba">L. Nouri Taiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Bouhamidi"> Y. Bouhamidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Kaouah"> F. Kaouah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Bendjama"> Z. Bendjama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Trari"> M. Trari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, an ecofriendly biocomposite namely calcium alginate immobilized Ammi Visnaga (Khella) extraction waste (SWAV/CA) was prepared by electrostatic extrusion method and used on the cadmium biosorption from aqueous phase with and without the assistance of ultrasound in batch conditions. The influence of low frequency ultrasound (37 and 80 KHz) on the cadmium biosorption kinetics was studied. The obtained results show that the ultrasonic irradiation significantly enhances and improves the efficiency of the cadmium removal. The Pseudo first order, Pseudo-second-order, Intraparticle diffusion, and Elovich models were evaluated using the non-linear curve fitting analysis method. Modeling of kinetic results shows that biosorption process is best described by the pseudo-second order and Elovich, in both the absence and presence of ultrasound. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocomposite" title="biocomposite">biocomposite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosorption" title=" biosorption"> biosorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title=" cadmium"> cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20analysis" title=" non-linear analysis"> non-linear analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40816/influence-of-the-low-frequency-ultrasound-on-the-cadmium-ii-biosorption-by-an-ecofriendly-biocomposite-extraction-solid-waste-of-ammi-visnaga-calcium-alginate-kinetic-modeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2701</span> Feasibility Study for Removing Atherosclerotic Plaque Using the Thermal Effects of a Planar Rectangular High Intensity Ultrasound Transducer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christakis%20Damianou">Christakis Damianou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christos%20Christofi"> Christos Christofi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicos%20Mylonas"> Nicos Mylonas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper was to conduct a feasibility study using a flat rectangular (3x10 mm2) MRI compatible transducer operating at 5 MHz for destroying atherosclerotic plaque using the thermal effects of ultrasound in in vitro models. A parametric study was performed where the time needed to ablate the plaque was studied as a function of Spatial Average Temporal Average (SATA) intensity, and pulse duration. The time needed to ablate plaque is directly related to intensity, and pulse duration. The temperature measured close to the artery is above safe limits and therefore thermal ultrasound does not have a place in removing plaques in arteries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title="ultrasound">ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atherosclerotic" title=" atherosclerotic"> atherosclerotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plaque" title=" plaque"> plaque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse" title=" pulse"> pulse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2442/feasibility-study-for-removing-atherosclerotic-plaque-using-the-thermal-effects-of-a-planar-rectangular-high-intensity-ultrasound-transducer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2442.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2700</span> Prostatic Cyst in Suprapubic Ultrasound Examination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelis%20P.%20Barlampas">Angelis P. Barlampas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghita%20Bianca-Andreea"> Ghita Bianca-Andreea</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A case of a prostatic midline cyst is presented, which was found during a routine general ultrasound examination in an otherwise healthy young man. The incidence of prostatic cysts discovered in suprapubic ultrasound examination has constantly been rising over the previous decades. Despite the fact that the majority of them are benign, a significant amount is related to symptoms, such as pain, dysuria, infertility, and even cancer. The wide use of ultrasound examination and the increasing availability of high-resolution ultrasound systems have rendered new diagnostic challenges. Once upon a time a suprapubic ultrasound was only useful for measuring only the size and the dimensions of the prostatic gland. It did not have the ability to analyze and resolve structures such as cystic or solid nodules. The current machine equipment has managed to depict the imaging characteristics of lesions with high acuity that compares of an intrarectal ultrasound. But the last one is a specialized examination, which demands expertise and good knowledge. Maybe the time has come for the general radiologist and, especially the one who uses suprapubic ultrasound, to pay more attention to the examination of the prostate gland and to take advantage of the superb abilities and the high resolution of the new ultrasound systems. That is exactly, what this case is emphasizing. The incidental discovery of prostatic cysts, and the relatively little available literature about managing them turns them into an interesting theme for exploring and studying. The prostatic cysts are further divided into midline and paramidline cysts, with the first being usually utricle cysts. A more precise categorization is as follows: A midline cystic lesion usually regards a Mullerian duct cyst, a prostatic utricle cyst, an ejaculatory duct cyst, a prostatic cystadenoma, a ductus deferens cyst, and a TURP. On the other hand, a lateral cystic lesion usually refers to a cystic degeneration of benign prostatic hyperplasia, a prostatic retention cyst, a seminal vesicle cyst, diverticular prostatitis, a prostatic abscess, cavitatory prostatitis from chronic prostatitis, a parasitic prostatic cyst, a cystic prostatic carcinoma, e.t.c. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostatic%20cyst" title="prostatic cyst">prostatic cyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiology" title=" radiology"> radiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benign%20prostatic%20lesions" title=" benign prostatic lesions"> benign prostatic lesions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostatic%20cancer" title=" prostatic cancer"> prostatic cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suprapubic%20prostatic%20ultrasound" title=" suprapubic prostatic ultrasound"> suprapubic prostatic ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183418/prostatic-cyst-in-suprapubic-ultrasound-examination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">58</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2699</span> The Effects of Ultrasound on the Extraction of Ficus deltoidea Leaves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nur%20Aimi%20Syairah%20Mohd%20Abdul%20Alim">Nur Aimi Syairah Mohd Abdul Alim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azilah%20Ajit"> Azilah Ajit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Z.%20Sulaiman"> A. Z. Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study aimed to investigate the effects of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on the extraction of Vitexin and Iso-Vitexin from Ficus deltoidea plants. In recent years, ultrasound technology has been found to be a potential herbal extraction technique. The passage of ultrasound energy in a liquid medium generates mechanical agitation and other physical effects due to acoustic cavitation. The main goal is to optimised ultrasonic-assisted extraction condition providing the highest extraction yield with the most desirable antioxidant activity and stability. Thus, a series of experiments has been developed to investigate the effect of ultrasound energy on the vegetal material and the implemented parameters by using HPLC-photodiode array detection. The influences of several experimental parameters on the ultrasonic extraction of Ficus deltoidea leaves were investigated: extraction time (1-8 h), solvent-to-water ratio (1:10 to 1:50), temperature (50–100 °C), duty cycle (10–continuous sonication) and intensity. The extracts at the optimized condition were compared with those obtained by conventional boiling extraction, in terms of bioactive constituents yield and chemical composition. The compounds of interest identified in the extracts were Vitexin and Isovitexin, which possess anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. Results showed that the main variables affecting the extraction process were temperature and time. Though in less extent, solvent-to-water ratio, duty cycle and intensity are also demonstrated to be important parameters. The experimental values under optimal conditions were in good consistent with the predicted values, which suggested that ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) is more efficient process as compared to conventional boiling extraction. It recommended that ultrasound extraction of Ficus deltoidea plants are feasible to replace the traditional time-consuming and low efficiency preparation procedure in the future modernized and commercialized manufacture of this highly valuable herbal medicine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ficus" title="Ficus">Ficus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasounds" title=" ultrasounds"> ultrasounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitexin" title=" vitexin"> vitexin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isovitexin" title=" isovitexin"> isovitexin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28134/the-effects-of-ultrasound-on-the-extraction-of-ficus-deltoidea-leaves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2698</span> The Effect of Ultrasound on Permeation Flux and Changes in Blocking Mechanisms during Dead-End Microfiltration of Carrot Juice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hemmati">A. Hemmati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Mirsaeedghazi"> H. Mirsaeedghazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Aboonajmi"> M. Aboonajmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carrot juice is one of the most nutritious foods that are consumed around the world. Large particles in carrot juice causing turbid appearance make some problems in the concentration process such as off-flavor due to the large particles burnt on the walls of evaporators. Microfiltration (MF) is a pressure driven membrane separation method that can clarify fruit juices without enzymatic treatment. Fouling is the main problem in the membrane process causing reduction of permeate flux. Ultrasound as a cleaning technique was applied at 20 kHz to reduce fouling in membrane clarification of carrot juice using dead-end MF system with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. Results showed that application of ultrasound waves reduce diphasic characteristic of carrot juice and permeate flux increased. Evaluation of different membrane fouling mechanisms showed that application of ultrasound waves changed creation time of each fouling mechanism. Also, its behavior was changed with varying transmembrane pressure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carrot%20juice" title="Carrot juice">Carrot juice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dead%20end" title=" Dead end"> Dead end</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Microfiltration" title=" Microfiltration"> Microfiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ultrasound" title=" Ultrasound"> Ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67723/the-effect-of-ultrasound-on-permeation-flux-and-changes-in-blocking-mechanisms-during-dead-end-microfiltration-of-carrot-juice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67723.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2697</span> Ultrasound-Assisted Soil Washing Process for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Clays</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sophie%20Herr">Sophie Herr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antoine%20Leybros"> Antoine Leybros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yves%20Barre"> Yves Barre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20Nikitenko"> Sergey Nikitenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachel%20Pflieger"> Rachel Pflieger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The proportion of soil contaminated by a wide range of pollutants (heavy metals, PCBs, pesticides, etc.) of anthropogenic origin is constantly increasing, and it is becoming urgent to address this issue. Among remediation methods, soil washing is an effective, relatively fast, and widely used process. This study assesses its coupling with ultrasound: indeed, sonication induces the formation of cavitation bubbles in solution that enhance local mass transfer through agitation and particle erosion. The removal of target toxic elements Ni(II) and Zn(II) from vermiculite clay has been studied under 20 kHz ultrasound and silent conditions. Several acids were tested, and HCl was chosen as the solvent. The effects of solid/liquid ratio and particle size were investigated. Metal repartition in the clay has been followed by Tessier's sequential extraction procedure. The results showed that more metal elements bound to the challenging residual phase were desorbed with 20 kHz ultrasound than in silent conditions. This supports the promising application of ultrasound for heavy metal desorption in difficult conditions. Further experiments were performed at high-frequency US (362 kHz), and it was shown that fragmentation of the vermiculite particles is then limited, while positive effects of US in the decontamination are kept. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=desorption" title="desorption">desorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vermiculite" title=" vermiculite"> vermiculite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147404/ultrasound-assisted-soil-washing-process-for-the-removal-of-heavy-metals-from-clays" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2696</span> Detecting the Blood of Femoral and Carotid Artery of Swine Using Photoacoustic Tomography in-vivo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Y.%20Lee">M. Y. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Park"> S. H. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Yu"> S. M. Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20S.%20Jo"> H. S. Jo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20G.%20Song"> C. G. Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Photoacoustic imaging is the imaging technology that combines the optical imaging with ultrasound. It also provides the high contrast and resolution due to optical and ultrasound imaging, respectively. For these reasons, many studies take experiment in order to apply this method for many diagnoses. We developed the real-time photoacoustic tomography (PAT) system using linear-ultrasound transducer. In this study, we conduct the experiment using swine and detect the blood of carotid artery and femoral artery. We measured the blood of femoral and carotid artery of swine and reconstructed the image using 950nm due to the HbO₂ absorption coefficient. The photoacoustic image is overlaid with ultrasound image in order to match the position. In blood of artery, major composition of blood is HbO₂. In this result, we can measure the blood of artery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoacoustic%20tomography" title="photoacoustic tomography">photoacoustic tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swine%20artery" title=" swine artery"> swine artery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carotid%20artery" title=" carotid artery"> carotid artery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=femoral%20artery" title=" femoral artery"> femoral artery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92983/detecting-the-blood-of-femoral-and-carotid-artery-of-swine-using-photoacoustic-tomography-in-vivo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2695</span> Ultrasound Enhanced Release of Active Targeting Liposomes Used for Cancer Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najla%20M.%20Salkho">Najla M. Salkho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinod%20Paul"> Vinod Paul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre%20Kawak"> Pierre Kawak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rute%20F.%20Vitor"> Rute F. Vitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20M.%20Martin"> Ana M. Martin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahid%20Awad"> Nahid Awad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Al%20Sayah"> Mohammad Al Sayah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghaleb%20A.%20Husseini"> Ghaleb A. Husseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Liposomes are popular lipid bilayer nanoparticles that are highly efficient in encapsulating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic therapeutic drugs. Liposomes promote a low risk controlled release of the drug avoiding the side effects of the conventional chemotherapy. One of the great potentials of liposomes is the ability to attach a wide range of ligands to their surface producing ligand-mediated active targeting of cancer tumour with limited adverse off-target effects. Ultrasound can also aid in the controlled and specified release of the drug from the liposomes by breaking it apart and releasing the drug in the specific location where the ultrasound is applied. Our research focuses on the synthesis of PEGylated liposomes (contain poly-ethylene glycol) encapsulated with the model drug calcein and studying the effect of low frequency ultrasound applied at different power densities on calcein release. In addition, moieties are attached to the surface of the liposomes for specific targeting of the cancerous cells which over-express the receptors of these moieties, ultrasound is then applied and the release results are compared with the moiety free liposomes. The results showed that attaching these moieties to the surface of the PEGylated liposomes not only enhance their active targeting but also stimulate calcein release from these liposomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20targeting" title="active targeting">active targeting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liposomes" title=" liposomes"> liposomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moieties" title=" moieties"> moieties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78619/ultrasound-enhanced-release-of-active-targeting-liposomes-used-for-cancer-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span 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