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大韩民国 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书

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id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&amp;wmf_medium=sidebar&amp;wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=zh" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&amp;returnto=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&amp;returnto=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。​[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&amp;wmf_medium=sidebar&amp;wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&amp;returnto=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&amp;returnto=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。​[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表​[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论​[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-国名" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#国名"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>国名</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-国名-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-历史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关历史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-朝韩分治前" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#朝韩分治前"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>朝韩分治前</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-朝韩分治前-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-南北分治后" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#南北分治后"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>南北分治后</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-南北分治后-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>地理</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-地理-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关地理子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-地理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-地貌" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地貌"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>地貌</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地貌-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-气候" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#气候"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>气候</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-气候-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-自然资源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#自然资源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>自然资源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-自然资源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-法律" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#法律"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>法律</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-法律-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关法律子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-法律-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-宪法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#宪法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>宪法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-宪法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-司法制度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#司法制度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>司法制度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-司法制度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-政治" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#政治"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>政治</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-政治-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关政治子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-政治-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-行政机构" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#行政机构"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>行政机构</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-行政机构-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-立法机构" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#立法机构"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>立法机构</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-立法机构-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-司法机构" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#司法机构"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>司法机构</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-司法机构-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-政党与选举" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#政党与选举"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>政党与选举</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-政党与选举-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-行政区划" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#行政区划"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>行政区划</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-行政区划-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-经济" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#经济"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>经济</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-经济-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关经济子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-经济-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-金融" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#金融"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>金融</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-金融-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-交通" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#交通"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>交通</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-交通-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-能源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#能源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>能源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-能源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-通信" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#通信"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>通信</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-通信-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-制造业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#制造业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>制造业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-制造业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-农业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#农业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>农业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-农业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-科技" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#科技"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>科技</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-科技-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外交" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外交"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外交</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外交-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-军事" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#军事"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>军事</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-军事-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-人口" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人口"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>人口</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-人口-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关人口子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-人口-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-都市" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#都市"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>都市</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-都市-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-语言" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#语言"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>语言</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-语言-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-宗教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#宗教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>宗教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-宗教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-社会" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#社会"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>社会</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-社会-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关社会子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-社会-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-教育" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#教育"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>教育</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-教育-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-传媒" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#传媒"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>传媒</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-传媒-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-社会保障" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#社会保障"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>社会保障</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-社会保障-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>文化</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-文化-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关文化子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-建筑" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#建筑"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>建筑</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-建筑-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文学" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文学"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>文学</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文学-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-陶瓷" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#陶瓷"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>陶瓷</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-陶瓷-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-电影" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#电影"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.4</span> <span>电影</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-电影-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-电视剧" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#电视剧"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.5</span> <span>电视剧</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-电视剧-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-音乐" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#音乐"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.6</span> <span>音乐</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-音乐-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-网络游戏" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#网络游戏"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.7</span> <span>网络游戏</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-网络游戏-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-饮食文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#饮食文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.8</span> <span>饮食文化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-饮食文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-酒文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#酒文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.8.1</span> <span>酒文化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-酒文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-茶文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#茶文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.8.2</span> <span>茶文化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-茶文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-体育" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#体育"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.9</span> <span>体育</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-体育-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-节假日" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#节假日"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.10</span> <span>节假日</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-节假日-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">大韩民国</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。273种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-273" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">273种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Аладатәи Кореиа – 阿布哈西亚语" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аладатәи Кореиа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="阿布哈西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor%C3%A8a_Tunong" title="Korèa Tunong – 亚齐语" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Korèa Tunong" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="亚齐语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suid-Korea" title="Suid-Korea – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Suid-Korea" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCdkorea" title="Südkorea – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Südkorea" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B0%E1%89%A1%E1%89%A5_%E1%8A%AE%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%AB" title="ደቡብ ኮርያ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ደቡብ ኮርያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea,_south" title="Korea, south – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Korea, south" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_d%27o_Sud" title="Corea d&#039;o Sud – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Corea d&#039;o Sud" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%BEcorea" title="Suþcorea – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Suþcorea" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण कोरिया – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="दक्षिण कोरिया" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="كوريا الجنوبية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوريا الجنوبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="كوريا لجنوبية – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كوريا لجنوبية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87" title="كوريا الجنوبيه – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كوريا الجنوبيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="দক্ষিণ কোৰিয়া – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="দক্ষিণ কোৰিয়া" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sur" title="Corea del Sur – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Corea del Sur" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%99nubi_Koreya" title="Cənubi Koreya – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cənubi Koreya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87" title="جنوبی کوره – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جنوبی کوره" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Корея Республикаһы – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Корея Республикаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publik_Kor%C3%A9a" title="Républik Koréa – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Républik Koréa" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidkorea" title="Sidkorea – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Sidkorea" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%97it%C5%AB_Kuoriej%C4%97" title="Pėitū Kuoriejė – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Pėitū Kuoriejė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Dangsina" title="Korea Dangsina – 巴塔克托巴文" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Korea Dangsina" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="巴塔克托巴文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habagatan_na_Korea" title="Habagatan na Korea – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Habagatan na Korea" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%8F" title="Рэспубліка Карэя – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рэспубліка Карэя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%8F" title="Рэспубліка Карэя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рэспубліка Карэя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor%C3%A9a_Kidul" title="Koréa Kidul – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Koréa Kidul" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Южна Корея – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Южна Корея" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्खिन कोरिया – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="दक्खिन कोरिया" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saot_Koria" title="Saot Koria – 比斯拉马语" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Saot Koria" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="比斯拉马语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA" title="ကိုးရီးယားခမ်းနဝ် – Pa&#039;O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ကိုးရီးယားခမ်းနဝ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa&#039;O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="দক্ষিণ কোরিয়া – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দক্ষিণ কোরিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%B7%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="ལྷོ་ཀོ་རི་ཡ། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལྷོ་ཀོ་རི་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="খা কোরিয়া – 比什奴普萊利亞文" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="খা কোরিয়া" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="比什奴普萊利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Korea" title="Republik Korea – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Republik Korea" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Koreja" title="Južna Koreja – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Južna Koreja" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Korea Selatan" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%80%E1%A8%9A%E1%A8%91%E1%A8%99%E1%A8%95_%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%99%E1%A8%92%E1%A8%88%E1%A8%8A" title="ᨀᨚᨑᨙᨕ ᨔᨙᨒᨈᨊ – 布吉语" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨀᨚᨑᨙᨕ ᨔᨙᨒᨈᨊ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="布吉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Урда Солонгос – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Урда Солонгос" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sud" title="Corea del Sud – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Corea del Sud" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sur" title="Corea del Sur – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Corea del Sur" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A2i-h%C3%A0ng_M%C3%ACng-gu%C3%B3k" title="Dâi-hàng Mìng-guók – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dâi-hàng Mìng-guók" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Къилба Корей – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Къилба Корей" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habagatang_Korea" title="Habagatang Korea – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Habagatang Korea" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sur" title="Corea del Sur – 查莫罗语" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Corea del Sur" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="查莫罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%A7%E1%8E%A6%E1%8E%BE%E1%8F%AE_%E1%8E%AA%E1%8E%B5%E1%8E%A0" title="ᏧᎦᎾᏮ ᎪᎵᎠ – 切罗基语" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏧᎦᎾᏮ ᎪᎵᎠ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="切罗基语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="کۆریای باشوور – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆریای باشوور" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_di_u_Sudu" title="Corea di u Sudu – 科西嘉语" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Corea di u Sudu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreya_Cumhuriyeti" title="Koreya Cumhuriyeti – 克里米亚鞑靼语" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Koreya Cumhuriyeti" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亚鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%C5%BEn%C3%AD_Korea" title="Jižní Korea – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jižní Korea" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blika_K%C3%B2reji" title="Repùblika Kòreji – 卡舒比语" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Repùblika Kòreji" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="卡舒比语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%94%EA%99%97_%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%97%EA%99%97" title="Корєꙗ Димократїꙗ – 教会斯拉夫语" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Корєꙗ Димократїꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="教会斯拉夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Корей Республики – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Корей Республики" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Corea" title="De Corea – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="De Corea" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydkorea" title="Sydkorea – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sydkorea" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="South Korea" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCdkorea" title="Südkorea – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Südkorea" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koryay_Veroci" title="Koryay Veroci – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Koryay Veroci" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3dpo%C5%82dnjowa_Koreja" title="Pódpołdnjowa Koreja – 下索布语" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Pódpołdnjowa Koreja" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="下索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Kabaatan" title="Korea Kabaatan – 中部杜順文" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Korea Kabaatan" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="中部杜順文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण कोरिया – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="दक्षिण कोरिया" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8B%DE%AC%DE%86%DE%AA%DE%82%DE%AA_%DE%86%DE%AE%DE%83%DE%AC%DE%87%DE%A7" title="ދެކުނު ކޮރެއާ – 迪维希语" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ދެކުނު ކޮރެއާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="迪维希语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%B7%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8B" title="ལྷོ་ཀོ་རི་ཡ་ – 宗卡语" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ལྷོ་ཀོ་རི་ཡ་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="宗卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyiehe_Korea" title="Anyiehe Korea – 埃维语" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Anyiehe Korea" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="埃维语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%B1" title="Νότια Κορέα – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νότια Κορέα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="South Korea" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud-Koreio" title="Sud-Koreio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sud-Koreio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sur" title="Corea del Sur – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Corea del Sur" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B5una-Korea" title="Lõuna-Korea – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lõuna-Korea" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hego_Korea" title="Hego Korea – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hego Korea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sul" title="Corea del Sul – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Corea del Sul" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="کره جنوبی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کره جنوبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_tasavalta" title="Korean tasavalta – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Korean tasavalta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B5un%C3%B5-Korea" title="Lõunõ-Korea – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Lõunõ-Korea" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauca_Korea" title="Sauca Korea – 斐济语" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Sauca Korea" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="斐济语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%B0urkorea" title="Suðurkorea – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Suðurkorea" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Corée du Sud – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Corée du Sud" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor%C3%A8a_du_Mi%C3%A9-jorn" title="Corèa du Mié-jorn – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Corèa du Mié-jorn" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCdkorea" title="Süüdkorea – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Süüdkorea" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAd-Kore%C3%A4" title="Súd-Koreä – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Súd-Koreä" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ch%C3%B3ir%C3%A9_Theas" title="An Chóiré Theas – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Chóiré Theas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9C%C3%BClen_Koreya" title="Üülen Koreya – 加告兹语" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Üülen Koreya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="加告兹语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="大韓民國 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="大韓民國" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor%C3%A9_di_Sid" title="Koré di Sid – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Koré di Sid" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coir%C3%A8a_a_Deas" title="Coirèa a Deas – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Coirèa a Deas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_do_Sur" title="Corea do Sur – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Corea do Sur" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91emby_Kor%C3%A9a" title="Ñemby Koréa – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñemby Koréa" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण कोरिया – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="दक्षिण कोरिया" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌹𐌰 – 哥特语" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌹𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="哥特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A3_%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="દક્ષિણ કોરિયા – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="દક્ષિણ કોરિયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Chorea_Yiass" title="Yn Chorea Yiass – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Chorea Yiass" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koriya_ta_Kudu" title="Koriya ta Kudu – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Koriya ta Kudu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai-h%C3%B2n_M%C3%ACn-koet" title="Thai-hòn Mìn-koet – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thai-hòn Mìn-koet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dlea_Hema" title="Kōlea Hema – 夏威夷语" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kōlea Hema" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="夏威夷语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="קוריאה הדרומית – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קוריאה הדרומית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण कोरिया – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दक्षिण कोरिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="South Korea" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Koreja" title="Južna Koreja – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Južna Koreja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Koreja" title="Južna Koreja – 上索布语" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Južna Koreja" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kore_disid" title="Kore disid – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kore disid" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9l-Korea" title="Dél-Korea – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dél-Korea" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A1" title="Հարավային Կորեա – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հարավային Կորեա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sud" title="Corea del Sud – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Corea del Sud" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan – 伊班语" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Korea Selatan" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="伊班语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Korea Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud-Korea" title="Sud-Korea – 国际文字(E)" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Sud-Korea" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="国际文字(E)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-igl mw-list-item"><a href="https://igl.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea – Igala" lang="igl" hreflang="igl" data-title="South Korea" data-language-autonym="Igala" data-language-local-name="Igala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiluli%C3%B1iq_Kuriaq" title="Kiluliñiq Kuriaq – 伊努皮克语" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Kiluliñiq Kuriaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="伊努皮克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abagatan_a_Korea" title="Abagatan a Korea – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Abagatan a Korea" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Республика Силлойче – 印古什语" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Республика Силлойче" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud-Korea" title="Sud-Korea – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sud-Korea" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%B0ur-K%C3%B3rea" title="Suður-Kórea – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Suður-Kórea" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sud" title="Corea del Sud – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Corea del Sud" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%91%AF%E1%95%86%E1%90%83_%E1%93%82%E1%92%8B%E1%90%8A%E1%93%82" title="ᑯᕆᐃ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ – 因纽特语" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᑯᕆᐃ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="因纽特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="大韓民国 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="大韓民国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sout_Koria" title="Sout Koria – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Sout Koria" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/snanu_zei_.xanguk" title="snanu zei .xanguk – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="snanu zei .xanguk" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor%C3%A9a_Kidul" title="Koréa Kidul – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Koréa Kidul" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%90" title="სამხრეთი კორეა – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სამხრეთი კორეა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreya_Respublikas%C4%B1" title="Koreya Respublikası – 卡拉卡尔帕克语" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Koreya Respublikası" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡尔帕克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurya_n_Wen%E1%BA%93ul" title="Kurya n Wenẓul – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Kurya n Wenẓul" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%80%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8D" title="КӀэрей Республикэ – 卡巴尔德语" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="КӀэрей Республикэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="卡巴尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kooree_Had%C9%9B_Ki%C5%8B" title="Kooree Hadɛ Kiŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kooree Hadɛ Kiŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kworiya_A%CC%B1tak" title="Kworiya A̱tak – 卡塔布语" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Kworiya A̱tak" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangu_ya_Sudi" title="Hangu ya Sudi – 刚果语" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Hangu ya Sudi" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="刚果语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Hulu" title="Korea Hulu – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Korea Hulu" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea – 吉库尤语" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="South Korea" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="吉库尤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Корея Республикасы – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Корея Республикасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%84" title="កូរ៉េខាងត្បូង – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កូរ៉េខាងត្បូង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A3_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕೊರಿಯಾ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಕೊರಿಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="대한민국 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대한민국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Корея Республика – 卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Корея Республика" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%86%D9%86%D9%88%D9%97%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%84%D8%B1%D9%90%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="جۆنوٗبی کۄرِیا – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="جۆنوٗبی کۄرِیا" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komara_Kor%C3%AAy%C3%AA" title="Komara Korêyê – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Komara Korêyê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Корея Республика – 科米语" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Корея Республика" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Dhyghow" title="Korea Dhyghow – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Korea Dhyghow" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%88%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Түштүк Корея – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Түштүк Корея" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Res_publica_Coreana" title="Res publica Coreana – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Res publica Coreana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_del_Sud" title="Korea del Sud – 拉迪诺语" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Korea del Sud" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="拉迪诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Korea" title="Republik Korea – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Republik Korea" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Республика Корея – 列兹金语" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Республика Корея" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="列兹金语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_Sude" title="Corea Sude – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Corea Sude" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuud-Korea" title="Zuud-Korea – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zuud-Korea" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_do_Sud" title="Corea do Sud – 利古里亚语" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Corea do Sud" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_dl_Sud" title="Corea dl Sud – 拉定语" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Corea dl Sud" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="拉定语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curea_del_S%C3%BCd" title="Curea del Süd – 伦巴第语" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Curea del Süd" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="伦巴第语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor%C3%A9_ya_S%C3%BAdi" title="Koré ya Súdi – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Koré ya Súdi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%83%E0%BA%95%E0%BB%89" title="ປະເທດເກົາຫຼີໃຕ້ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດເກົາຫຼີໃຕ້" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet%C5%B3_Kor%C4%97ja" title="Pietų Korėja – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pietų Korėja" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%ABnavydu_Koreja" title="Dīnavydu Koreja – 拉特加萊文" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Dīnavydu Koreja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="拉特加萊文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dienvidkoreja" title="Dienvidkoreja – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dienvidkoreja" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor%C3%A8a_Lao%27" title="Korèa Lao&#039; – 马都拉语" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Korèa Lao&#039;" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="马都拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण कोरिया – 迈蒂利语" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="दक्षिण कोरिया" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="迈蒂利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Kidul" title="Korea Kidul – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Korea Kidul" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B4rea_Atsimo" title="Kôrea Atsimo – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kôrea Atsimo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Кечывалвел Корей – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кечывалвел Корей" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Drea-ki-te-tonga" title="Kōrea-ki-te-tonga – 毛利语" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kōrea-ki-te-tonga" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="毛利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Salatan" title="Korea Salatan – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Korea Salatan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Јужна Кореја – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јужна Кореја" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A3_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="ദക്ഷിണ കൊറിയ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദക്ഷിണ കൊറിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Өмнөд Солонгос – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Өмнөд Солонгос" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A5_%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯈꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯈꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण कोरिया – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="दक्षिण कोरिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Korea Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_t%27Isfel" title="Korea t&#039;Isfel – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Korea t&#039;Isfel" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coreia_de_l_Sul" title="Coreia de l Sul – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Coreia de l Sul" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="တောင်ကိုရီးယားနိုင်ငံ – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တောင်ကိုရီးယားနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Корея Республикась – 厄尔兹亚语" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Корея Республикась" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄尔兹亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%87" title="جنوبی کره – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جنوبی کره" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_d%22o_Sud" title="Corea d&quot;o Sud – 那不勒斯语" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Corea d&quot;o Sud" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="那不勒斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCdkorea" title="Süüdkorea – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Süüdkorea" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuud-Korea" title="Zuud-Korea – 低萨克森语" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Zuud-Korea" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低萨克森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण कोरिया – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="दक्षिण कोरिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण कोरिया – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="दक्षिण कोरिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan – 尼亚斯语" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Korea Selatan" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="尼亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuid-Korea" title="Zuid-Korea – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zuid-Korea" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Korea" title="Sør-Korea – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sør-Korea" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Korea" title="Sør-Korea – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sør-Korea" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud_Korea" title="Sud Korea – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Sud Korea" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Corée du Sud – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Corée du Sud" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%C3%A1di%CA%BC%C3%A1%C3%A1hj%C3%AD_Bin%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%A1daa%C5%82ts%CA%BC%C3%B3z%C3%AD_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah_Y%C3%A1zh%C3%AD" title="Shádiʼááhjí Binááʼádaałtsʼózí Dineʼé Bikéyah Yázhí – 纳瓦霍语" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Shádiʼááhjí Binááʼádaałtsʼózí Dineʼé Bikéyah Yázhí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="纳瓦霍语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor%C3%A8a_del_Sud" title="Corèa del Sud – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Corèa del Sud" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suvi-Korea" title="Suvi-Korea – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Suvi-Korea" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kooriyaa_Kibbaa" title="Kooriyaa Kibbaa – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kooriyaa Kibbaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A3_%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86" title="ଦକ୍ଷିଣ କୋରିଆ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଦକ୍ଷିଣ କୋରିଆ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Хуссар Корей – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хуссар Корей" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਦੱਖਣੀ ਕੋਰੀਆ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦੱਖਣੀ ਕੋਰੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauling_Korea" title="Mauling Korea – 邦板牙语" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Mauling Korea" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="邦板牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur_Korea" title="Sur Korea – 帕皮阿门托语" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Sur Korea" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿门托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_dech_Sud" title="Corée dech Sud – 庇卡底文" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Corée dech Sud" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="庇卡底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण कोरिया – 巴利语" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="दक्षिण कोरिया" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="巴利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Po%C5%82udniowa" title="Korea Południowa – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Korea Południowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor%C3%A9a_d%C3%ABl_Sud" title="Coréa dël Sud – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Coréa dël Sud" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="جنوبی کوریا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جنوبی کوریا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%8A_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="سویلي کوریا – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سویلي کوریا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coreia_do_Sul" title="Coreia do Sul – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Coreia do Sul" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tayhan_Ripuwlika" title="Tayhan Ripuwlika – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tayhan Ripuwlika" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_dal_Sid" title="Corea dal Sid – 罗曼什语" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Corea dal Sid" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="罗曼什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudutni_Koreya" title="Sudutni Koreya – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Sudutni Koreya" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coreea_de_Sud" title="Coreea de Sud – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Coreea de Sud" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coree_d%27u_Sud" title="Coree d&#039;u Sud – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Coree d&#039;u Sud" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Республика Корея – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Республика Корея" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Южна Корея – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Южна Корея" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreya_y%E2%80%99Amajyepfo" title="Koreya y’Amajyepfo – 卢旺达语" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Koreya y’Amajyepfo" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="卢旺达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिणकोरिया – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="दक्षिणकोरिया" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%8D_%D3%A8%D1%80%D3%A9%D1%81%D0%BF%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B1%D2%AF%D0%BB%D2%AF%D0%BA%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Кэриэйэ Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кэриэйэ Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A7%E1%B1%AE_%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_de_su_Sud" title="Corea de su Sud – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Corea de su Sud" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_d%C3%BB_Sud" title="Corea dû Sud – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Corea dû Sud" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sooth_Korea" title="Sooth Korea – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sooth Korea" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%8F%DA%A9%DA%BB_%DA%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ڏکڻ ڪوريا – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڏکڻ ڪوريا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lulli-Korea" title="Lulli-Korea – 北方萨米语" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Lulli-Korea" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Koreja" title="Južna Koreja – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Južna Koreja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurya_n_iffus" title="Kurya n iffus – 希尔哈语" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Kurya n iffus" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="希尔哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%81%A2%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%81%B8%E1%81%A2%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းၵၢဝ်းလီၸၢၼ်း – 掸语" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၵၢဝ်းလီၸၢၼ်း" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="掸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="දකුණු කොරියාව – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දකුණු කොරියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="South Korea" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3rejsk%C3%A1_republika" title="Kórejská republika – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kórejská republika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Koreja" title="Južna Koreja – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Južna Koreja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolea_i_Saute" title="Kolea i Saute – 萨摩亚语" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Kolea i Saute" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="萨摩亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maad%C3%A2-Korea" title="Maadâ-Korea – 伊纳里萨米语" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Maadâ-Korea" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="伊纳里萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="South Korea" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koonfur_Kuuriya" title="Koonfur Kuuriya – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Koonfur Kuuriya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreja_e_Jugut" title="Koreja e Jugut – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Koreja e Jugut" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Јужна Кореја – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јужна Кореја" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bofuben-Korea" title="Bofuben-Korea – 苏里南汤加语" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Bofuben-Korea" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="苏里南汤加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKhoriya_leseNingizimu" title="IKhoriya leseNingizimu – 斯瓦蒂语" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IKhoriya leseNingizimu" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="斯瓦蒂语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kor%C3%A9a_Kidul" title="Koréa Kidul – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Koréa Kidul" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydkorea" title="Sydkorea – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sydkorea" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_Kusini" title="Korea Kusini – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Korea Kusini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%82ed%C5%84owo_Koryjo" title="Połedńowo Koryjo – 西里西亚语" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Połedńowo Koryjo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea,_south" title="Korea, south – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Korea, south" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="தென் கொரியா – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தென் கொரியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea,_south" title="Korea, south – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Korea, south" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A3_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="దక్షిణ కొరియా – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దక్షిణ కొరియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreia_S%C3%BAl" title="Koreia Súl – 德顿语" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Koreia Súl" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="德顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D1%83%D0%BC%D2%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Ҷумҳурии Корея – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷумҳурии Корея" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" title="ประเทศเกาหลีใต้ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศเกาหลีใต้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B0%E1%89%A1%E1%89%A5_%E1%8A%AE%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%AB" title="ደቡብ ኮርያ – 提格利尼亚语" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ደቡብ ኮርያ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="提格利尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kore%C3%BDa_Respublikasy" title="Koreýa Respublikasy – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Koreýa Respublikasy" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timog_Korea" title="Timog Korea – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Timog Korea" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyso_Korej%C9%99" title="Nyso Korejə – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Nyso Korejə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dlea_Tonga" title="Kōlea Tonga – 汤加语" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Kōlea Tonga" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="汤加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saut_Koria" title="Saut Koria – 托克皮辛语" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Saut Koria" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="托克皮辛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Kore" title="Güney Kore – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Güney Kore" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyusing_dxgal_quri_tgtruma" title="Cyusing dxgal quri tgtruma – 赛德克语" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Cyusing dxgal quri tgtruma" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="赛德克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoriya_Dzonga" title="Khoriya Dzonga – 聪加语" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Khoriya Dzonga" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="聪加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BA_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Көньяк Корея – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Көньяк Корея" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea – 通布卡语" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="South Korea" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="通布卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_anaafo%C9%94" title="Korea anaafoɔ – 契维语" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Korea anaafoɔ" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="契维语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Мурнуу Корея – 图瓦语" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Мурнуу Корея" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="图瓦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Республика Корея – 乌德穆尔特语" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Республика Корея" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="乌德穆尔特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="كورىيە – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كورىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Південна Корея – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Південна Корея" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="جنوبی کوریا – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جنوبی کوریا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreya_Respublikasi" title="Koreya Respublikasi – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Koreya Respublikasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sud" title="Corea del Sud – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Corea del Sud" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korejan_Tazovaldkund" title="Korejan Tazovaldkund – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Korejan Tazovaldkund" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0n_Qu%E1%BB%91c" title="Hàn Quốc – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hàn Quốc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuud-Korea" title="Zuud-Korea – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Zuud-Korea" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sul%C3%BCda-Korey%C3%A4n" title="Sulüda-Koreyän – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Sulüda-Koreyän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor%C3%AAye_nonnrece" title="Corêye nonnrece – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Corêye nonnrece" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salatan_nga_Korea" title="Salatan nga Korea – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Salatan nga Korea" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kore_gu_B%C3%ABj-saalum" title="Kore gu Bëj-saalum – 沃洛夫语" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Kore gu Bëj-saalum" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="大韩民国 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="大韩民国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Korea" title="Republic of Korea – 科萨语" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Republic of Korea" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%90" title="ობჟათე კორეა – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ობჟათე კორეა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%A2" title="דרום קארעע – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דרום קארעע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B2r%C3%A9%C3%A0_G%C3%BA%C3%BAs%C3%B9" title="Kòréà Gúúsù – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kòréà Gúúsù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daihhanz_Minzgoz" title="Daihhanz Minzgoz – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Daihhanz Minzgoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuud-Korea" title="Zuud-Korea – 西蘭文" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Zuud-Korea" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="西蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%BC%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99" title="ⴽⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ – 标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴽⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="大韓民國 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="大韓民國" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81i-h%C3%A2n_B%C3%AEn-kok" title="Tāi-hân Bîn-kok – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tāi-hân Bîn-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="大韓民國 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="大韓民國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q884#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="浏览条目正文​[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论​[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit" title="编辑该页面​[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面​[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改​[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project:上传" title="上传图像或多媒体文件​[u]" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E9%259F%25A9%25E6%25B0%2591%25E5%259B%25BD"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本​[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:%E5%8D%97%E9%9F%93" hreflang="zh"><span>维基新闻</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD" hreflang="zh"><span>维基语录</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD" hreflang="zh"><span>维基导游</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q884" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目​[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-GA" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BC%98%E8%89%AF%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="这是一篇优良条目,点击此处获取更多信息。"><img alt="这是一篇优良条目,点击此处获取更多信息。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/24px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/36px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/48px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%9D%90%E6%A0%87" class="mw-redirect" title="地理坐标">坐标</a>:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82757201">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&amp;pagename=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;params=36_N_128_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">36°N</span> <span class="longitude">128°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">36°N 128°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">36; 128</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-c8236405" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科,自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD&amp;redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国">韩国</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>「<b>韓國</b>」重定向至此。关于其他用法,请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="韓國 (消歧義)">韓國 (消歧义)</a></b>」。</div> <div id="noteTA-c8236405" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:发达国家;zh-tw:已開發國家;zh-hk:已發展國家;zh-sg:先進国;"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td 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.infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">大韓民國</div><div class="ib-country-names"><span lang="ko">대한민국</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; padding:0 2px 0 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="韓國国旗"><img alt="韓國国旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/125px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/188px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/250px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%97%97" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國國旗">国旗</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; padding:0 5px 0 2px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="韓國國徽"><img alt="韓國國徽" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg/85px-Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg/128px-Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg/170px-Emblem_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="354" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%BE%BD" title="大韓民國國徽">國徽</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><b>格言:</b><span lang="ko">홍익인간</span><br />「<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E7%9B%8A%E4%BA%BA%E9%97%B4" title="弘益人间">弘益人間</a>」<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>145</span></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem" style=""><b>国歌:</b><span class="nowrap"><span lang="ko">애국가</span><br />《<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%8C_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="愛國歌 (大韓民國)">愛國歌</a>》<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>37</span></sup><div style="padding-top:0.4em;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_South_Korea%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav&amp;lang=vi&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_South_Korea%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav&amp;lang=zh-cn&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans-CN" label="中文(中国大陆)‪(zh-cn)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_South_Korea%2C_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.wav&amp;lang=zh-hans&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans" label="中文(简体)‪(zh-hans)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Seal_of_South_Korea.svg/55px-Seal_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Seal_of_South_Korea.svg/83px-Seal_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Seal_of_South_Korea.svg/110px-Seal_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="820" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LocationSouthKorea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="紅色為大韓民國實際控制區域"><img alt="紅色為大韓民國實際控制區域" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/LocationSouthKorea.svg/300px-LocationSouthKorea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/LocationSouthKorea.svg/450px-LocationSouthKorea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/LocationSouthKorea.svg/600px-LocationSouthKorea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">紅色為大韓民國實際控制區域</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Republic_of_Korea_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="&#160;&#160;深綠:大韓民國實際統治區域 &#160;&#160;淺綠:宣稱擁有主權但未實際控制的朝鮮民主主義人民共和國"><img alt="&#160;&#160;深綠:大韓民國實際統治區域 &#160;&#160;淺綠:宣稱擁有主權但未實際控制的朝鮮民主主義人民共和國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Republic_of_Korea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/250px-Republic_of_Korea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Republic_of_Korea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/375px-Republic_of_Korea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Republic_of_Korea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/500px-Republic_of_Korea_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84565780">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-color-styled{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="韓語">韓語</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國標準語">標準語</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國手語">韓國手語</a><sup id="cite_ref-手語_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-手語-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E6%96%B9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="官方文字">官方文字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BA%E6%96%87" title="諺文">韓字</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4" title="族群">族群</a><div class="ib-country-ethnic"></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="韓民族">韓民族</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">宗教<div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" title="新教">基督新教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" title="天主教">天主教</a>等</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國政治">政府</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E4%B8%80%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="單一制">單一制</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="總統制">總統制</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E5%88%86%E6%9D%83%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="地方分权制">地方分權制</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E7%AB%8B%E5%AE%AA%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="共和立宪制">共和立宪制</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1" title="韓國總統">總統</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B9%E9%94%A1%E6%82%A6" title="尹锡悦">尹锡悦</a>(停职)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E7%9B%B8%E7%A9%86" title="崔相穆">崔相穆</a>(代理)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%8B%99%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國國務總理">國務總理</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%82%B3%E6%B4%99" class="mw-redirect" title="韓悳洙">韓悳洙</a>(停职)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E7%9B%B8%E7%A9%86" title="崔相穆">崔相穆</a>(代理)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0%E9%95%B7" title="韓國國會議長">國會議長</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%B9%E5%85%83%E6%A4%8D" title="禹元植">禹元植</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E9%95%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国大法院长">大法院院長</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E5%96%9C%E5%A4%A7" title="曹喜大">曹喜大</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国宪法法院">憲法裁判所所長</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E7%82%AF%E5%9F%B9" title="文炯培">文炯培</a>(代理)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">立法机构</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國國會">韓國國會</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="韓國軍事">现役军人</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">555,000人<br />2,750,000人(後備役)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="大韓民國歷史">歷史</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E8%87%A8%E6%99%82%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓民國臨時政府">臨時政府</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1919年4月11日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第一共和國 (大韓民國)">第一共和國</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1948年8月15日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第二共和國 (大韓民國)">第二共和國</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1960年6月15日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%87%8D%E5%BB%BA%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="國家重建最高會議">國家重建最高會議</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1961年5月16日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第三共和國 (大韓民國)">第三共和國</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1963年11月27日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第四共和國 (大韓民國)">第四共和國</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1972年11月21日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第五共和國 (大韓民國)">第五共和國</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1981年3月3日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第六共和國 (大韓民國)">第六共和國</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1988年2月25日</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="韩国地理">面积</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">•&#160;总计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">100,413平方公里<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>1-2</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>1-2</span></sup>(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E9%9D%A2%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="世界各国和地区面积列表">第112名</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">•&#160;水域率</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.3(301平方公里&#160;/&#32;116平方英里)%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3" title="韓國人口">人口</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">•&#160;2023年估计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">51,780,713(<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国家和地区人口列表">第27名</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">•&#160;密度</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">507人/平方公里(<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国家和地区人口密度列表">第13名</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="国内生产总值">GDP</a><span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%AD%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%9B%E5%B9%B3%E4%BB%B7" title="购买力平价">PPP</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2023年估计</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">•&#160;总计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2.924萬億美元<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%9E%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国实质国内生产总值列表">第14名</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">•&#160;人均</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">56,706美元<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%9D%87%E5%AE%9E%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国人均实质国内生产总值列表">第28名</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="国内生产总值">GDP</a><span style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="nowrap">(国际汇率)</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2023年估计</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">•&#160;总计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1.721萬億美元<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%8D%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国名义国内生产总值列表">第12名</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">•&#160;人均</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">33,393美元<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%9D%87%E5%90%8D%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国人均名义国内生产总值列表">第33名</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%BC%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%B0" title="基尼系数">基尼系数</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.355<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span style="font-weight:normal;">(2017年)</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83933911">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:orange">中</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="人类发展指数">人类发展指数</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span>&#160;0.916<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span class="nowrap">(2019年)</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732967">html:not(.skin-theme-clientpref-night) .mw-parser-output .ifdarkmode>.isdarkmode{display:none}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ifdarkmode>.nodarkmode{display:none}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ifdarkmode>.nodarkmode{display:none}}</style><span class="ifdarkmode"><span class="nodarkmode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83933911"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">极高</span></span><span class="isdarkmode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83933911"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:green">极高</span></span></span></span>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各國人類發展指數列表">第22名</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">货币</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%93" title="韓圓">韓圓</a>(₩)(<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">KRW</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">时区</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8F%E8%B0%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%97%B6" title="协调世界时">UTC</a>+9</span>(<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%99%82%E9%96%93" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國標準時間">韓國標準時間</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">日期格式</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>yyyy년mm월dd일</li><li>yyyy.mm.dd.(公元)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E9%80%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%B9%E5%90%91" title="道路通行方向">行驶方位</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%A0%E5%8F%B3%E8%A1%8C%E9%A7%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="靠右行駛">靠右行駛</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">电话区号</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%2B82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="+82(页面不存在)">+82</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166码</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:KR" title="ISO 3166-2:KR">KR</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="國家和地區頂級域">互联网顶级域</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:","}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:";"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/.kr" title=".kr">.kr</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/.%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title=".한국">.한국</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><div class="ib-country-website"><b>网站</b><br /><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.korea.go.kr/main">www<wbr />.korea<wbr />.go<wbr />.kr<wbr />/main</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884#P856" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align:left; font-size:small; line-height:1.5em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67735281">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 125%; background-color: #b0c4de;">大韩民国</td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; white-space: nowrap; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BA%E6%96%87" title="諺文">諺文</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; font-size: small;;"><span style="font-size: 1rem;"><span lang="ko-hang"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80" class="extiw" title="wikt:대">대</a><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%ED%95%9C" class="extiw" title="wikt:한">한</a><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%EB%AF%BC" class="extiw" title="wikt:민">민</a><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD" class="extiw" title="wikt:국">국</a> </span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; white-space: nowrap; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="朝鮮漢字">汉字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; font-size: small;;"><span style="font-size: 1rem;"><span lang="ko-hani"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7" class="extiw" title="wikt:大">大</a><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%9F%93" class="extiw" title="wikt:韓">韓</a><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%B0%91" class="extiw" title="wikt:民">民</a><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B" class="extiw" title="wikt:國">國</a> </span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; font-size: small;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; white-space: nowrap; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%A7%82%E5%85%89%E9%83%A82000%E5%B9%B4%E5%BC%8F" title="文化观光部2000年式">文观部式</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size: small;;"><span lang="ko-latn">Daehan Minguk </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; white-space: nowrap; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%A7%91%E6%81%A9-%E8%B3%B4%E8%82%96%E7%88%BE%E8%A1%A8%E8%A8%98%E6%B3%95" title="馬科恩-賴肖爾表記法">马-赖式</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size: small;;"><span lang="ko-latn">Taehan Min'guk </span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></tbody></table> <p><b>大韩民国</b>(<span>韩语:<span title="諺文表記"><span lang="ko">대한민국</span></span><small>/</small><span title="漢字(諺漢混用)表記"><span lang="ko">大韓民國</span></span><sup>&#160;<span title="羅馬字表記" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none" lang="ko-Latn">Daehan Minguk</span></sup></span>),简称<b>韩国</b>(<span><span title="諺文表記"><span lang="ko">한국</span></span><small>/</small><span title="漢字(諺漢混用)表記"><span lang="ko">韓國</span></span><sup>&#160;<span title="羅馬字表記" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none" lang="ko-Latn">Hanguk</span></sup></span>),台湾及香港民间又有称<b>南韩</b><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>,是位於<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A" title="东亚">东亚</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="朝鲜半岛">朝鲜半岛</a>南部的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" title="共和制">共和制</a>国家,<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都">首都</a>為<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E5%B8%82" title="首爾特別市">首爾特別市</a>。韓國國土三面環海,西南瀕臨<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B5%B7" title="黄海">西海</a>(黃海),東南緊接<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓海峽">大韓海峽</a>(朝鮮海峽),東邊是<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%B5%B7" title="日本海">東海</a>(日本海),北面隔著<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%85%AB%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="三八線">三八線</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%9F%93%E9%9D%9E%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="朝韓非軍事區">朝韓非軍事區</a>)與<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国">朝鮮民主主義人民共和國</a>相邻,總面積約10萬平方公里(約佔朝鮮半島總面積45%),人口约5,169.2萬。 </p><p>韓國是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="二十國集團">二十國集團</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="经济合作与发展组织">經合組織</a>(OECD)成員、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%AA%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="亚太经济合作组织">亞太經合組織</a>(APEC)和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="東亞峰會">東亞峰會</a>的創始國<sup id="cite_ref-田野_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田野-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,亦是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E5%9B%9B%E5%B0%8F%E9%BE%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="亞洲四小龍">亞洲四小龍</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A511%E5%9B%BD" title="未来11国">未來11國</a>之一<sup id="cite_ref-马岩_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-马岩-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。20世紀60-90年代,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="韓國經濟">韓國經濟</a>在政府「出口主導」經濟戰略的推動下,飛速發展,创造出「<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%B1%9F%E5%A5%87%E8%B9%9F" title="漢江奇蹟">漢江奇蹟</a>」。目前韓國<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A7%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A2%E7%B8%BD%E5%80%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="國內生產總值">國內生產總值</a>按國際匯率計算在世界排名第11,按<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%B0%8D%E8%B3%BC%E8%B2%B7%E5%8A%9B%E6%8C%87%E6%A8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="相對購買力指標">相對購買力指標</a>計算世界排名第12<sup id="cite_ref-GDP_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GDP-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%9D%87%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A7%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A2%E7%B8%BD%E5%80%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="人均國內生產總值">人均國內生產總值</a>為31,396美元<sup id="cite_ref-PGDP_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGDP-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,名列<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="世界銀行">世界銀行</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E8%B2%A8%E5%B9%A3%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="國際貨幣基金組織">國際貨幣基金組織</a>和美國<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%83%85%E5%A0%B1%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="中央情報局">中央情報局</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A6%82%E6%B3%81" class="mw-redirect" title="世界概況">世界概況</a>》<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B2%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="已發展國家">已發展國家</a>名錄。 </p><p>韩国<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政治">政治</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="体系">体系</a>为<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="行政">行政</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="立法">立法</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="司法">司法</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%9D%83%E5%88%86%E7%AB%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="三权分立">三权分立</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1" title="韓國總統">韓國總統</a>作为<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%83%E9%A6%96" class="mw-redirect" title="国家元首">国家元首</a>拥有最高行政权,有权任命<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="韩国国务总理">国务总理</a>等政府官员,自1987年起由韩国国民<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E9%80%89%E4%B8%BE" title="直接选举">直接选举</a>产生,一届任期为5年,只能担任一届。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">韩国国会</a>为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E9%99%A2%E5%88%B6" title="一院制">一院制</a>立法机关,通过单一选区制和比例代表制结合的方法选举,每届任期为四年。韩国实行<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%9A%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="多党制">多党制</a>,其中,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B3%E6%B4%BE" title="右派">右翼</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F" title="國民力量">国民力量</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%96%93%E5%81%8F%E5%B7%A6" title="中間偏左">中间偏左</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="共同民主党">共同民主党</a>是韩国最大的主流政党,左右韩国政坛。韩国司法机构独立于行政机构和立法机构,其最高司法机构是<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国大法院">韩国大法院</a>,成员由总统任命并由国会批准。另外韩国还设有<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国宪法法院">宪法法院</a>,用于保护宪法和保障国民的基本权利。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="国名"><span id=".E5.9B.BD.E5.90.8D"></span>国名</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="编辑章节:国名"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E7%A8%B1%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國的稱號">韓國的稱號</a></div> <p>大韩民国聲稱其為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="朝鲜半岛">朝鲜半岛</a>唯一合法政府,自稱“韓國”(<span><span title="諺文表記"><span lang="ko">한국</span></span><small>/</small><span title="漢字(諺漢混用)表記"><span lang="ko">韓國</span></span></span>),得名於古代的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%9F%93" class="mw-redirect" title="三韓">三韓</a>,而將<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国">朝鲜民主主义人民共和国</a>稱作“北韓”(<span><span title="諺文表記"><span lang="ko">북한</span></span><small>/</small><span title="漢字(諺漢混用)表記"><span lang="ko">北韓</span></span></span>)。朝鮮民主主義人民共和國亦聲稱其為朝鮮半島唯一合法政府,自稱“朝鮮”(<span><span title="諺文表記"><span lang="ko">조선</span></span><small>/</small><span title="漢字(諺漢混用)表記"><span lang="ko">朝鮮</span></span></span>),而稱大韓民國為“南朝鮮”(<span><span title="諺文表記"><span lang="ko">남조선</span></span><small>/</small><span title="漢字(諺漢混用)表記"><span lang="ko">南朝鮮</span></span></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-孙冀_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-孙冀-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>4</span></sup>,直到2024年1月朝鲜民主主义人民共和国<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C#反對" title="朝鮮半島統一問題">调整对韩政策</a>、废除对韩部门为止<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>在<a href="/wiki/1992%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E9%9F%A9%E5%BB%BA%E4%BA%A4" title="1992年中韩建交">1992年與韓國建交</a>前,一直將朝鮮民主主義人民共和國視為代表朝鮮半島唯一合法政府,拒絕承認大韓民國,並以“南朝鮮”稱之,直到1992年兩國建交後,才改以“韓國”稱之。<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="越南社会主义共和国">越南社会主义共和国</a>在1992年与<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="韩越关系">韓國建交</a>前,亦称大韓民國为“南朝鮮”(<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="越南語">越南語</a>:<span lang="vi">Nam Triều Tiên</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E8%88%87%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82#斷交" class="mw-redirect" title="中華民國與大韓民國關係">與韓國斷交</a>以前,將大韓民國視為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鮮半島">朝鮮半島</a>唯一合法政權並拒絕承認朝鮮民主主義人民共和國。臺灣、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門</a>民间及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="海外華人">海外華人</a>習慣稱大韓民國為“韓國”或“南韓”,稱朝鮮民主主義人民共和國為“朝鮮”或“北韓”<sup id="cite_ref-國名_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-國名-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。不過韓國駐臺代表部曾發公函致臺灣各大媒體,要求使用「韓國」而勿用「南韓」<sup id="cite_ref-正名_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-正名-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,時任<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E9%83%A8" title="中華民國外交部">中華民國外交部</a>亞太司副司長李宗芬表示尊重韓國意見,並稱外交部使用的稱法一直為「韓國」或「<span lang="en">Republic of Korea</span>」<sup id="cite_ref-自由_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-自由-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>由於「朝鮮」和「韓」在西方語言中的稱法均取自朝鲜半岛的古代王朝<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%BA%97" title="高麗">高麗</a>(Korea、Corea、Coree等),因此沒有類似<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%9C%88" title="漢字文化圈">漢字文化圈</a>在使用「朝鮮」和「韓」上的差异。大韓民國正式英文名爲<span lang="en">Republic of Korea</span>,通稱<span lang="en">South Korea</span>。在西方的朝鮮半島移民絕大多數來自韓國,故有時亦簡稱為Korea<sup id="cite_ref-国名_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-国名-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。朝鮮民主主義人民共和國英文通稱<span lang="en">North Korea</span><sup id="cite_ref-国名_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-国名-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,但極少簡稱<span lang="en">Korea</span>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="编辑章节:历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="朝鲜半岛历史">朝鲜半岛历史</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="大韓民國歷史">大韓民國歷史</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="朝韩分治前"><span id=".E6.9C.9D.E9.9F.A9.E5.88.86.E6.B2.BB.E5.89.8D"></span>朝韩分治前</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="编辑章节:朝韩分治前"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Replica_of_Gilt-Bronze_Incense_Burner_of_the_Baekje_period_from_Neungsan-ri,_Buyeo_%EB%B0%B1%EC%A0%9C_%EA%B8%88%EB%8F%99%EB%8C%80%ED%96%A5%EB%A1%9C(%EB%B3%B5%EC%A0%9C%ED%92%88).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Replica_of_Gilt-Bronze_Incense_Burner_of_the_Baekje_period_from_Neungsan-ri%2C_Buyeo_%EB%B0%B1%EC%A0%9C_%EA%B8%88%EB%8F%99%EB%8C%80%ED%96%A5%EB%A1%9C%28%EB%B3%B5%EC%A0%9C%ED%92%88%29.jpg/130px-Replica_of_Gilt-Bronze_Incense_Burner_of_the_Baekje_period_from_Neungsan-ri%2C_Buyeo_%EB%B0%B1%EC%A0%9C_%EA%B8%88%EB%8F%99%EB%8C%80%ED%96%A5%EB%A1%9C%28%EB%B3%B5%EC%A0%9C%ED%92%88%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Replica_of_Gilt-Bronze_Incense_Burner_of_the_Baekje_period_from_Neungsan-ri%2C_Buyeo_%EB%B0%B1%EC%A0%9C_%EA%B8%88%EB%8F%99%EB%8C%80%ED%96%A5%EB%A1%9C%28%EB%B3%B5%EC%A0%9C%ED%92%88%29.jpg/195px-Replica_of_Gilt-Bronze_Incense_Burner_of_the_Baekje_period_from_Neungsan-ri%2C_Buyeo_%EB%B0%B1%EC%A0%9C_%EA%B8%88%EB%8F%99%EB%8C%80%ED%96%A5%EB%A1%9C%28%EB%B3%B5%EC%A0%9C%ED%92%88%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Replica_of_Gilt-Bronze_Incense_Burner_of_the_Baekje_period_from_Neungsan-ri%2C_Buyeo_%EB%B0%B1%EC%A0%9C_%EA%B8%88%EB%8F%99%EB%8C%80%ED%96%A5%EB%A1%9C%28%EB%B3%B5%EC%A0%9C%ED%92%88%29.jpg/260px-Replica_of_Gilt-Bronze_Incense_Burner_of_the_Baekje_period_from_Neungsan-ri%2C_Buyeo_%EB%B0%B1%EC%A0%9C_%EA%B8%88%EB%8F%99%EB%8C%80%ED%96%A5%EB%A1%9C%28%EB%B3%B5%EC%A0%9C%ED%92%88%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="284" data-file-height="429" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%B5%8E" title="百济">百济</a>金铜大香炉</figcaption></figure> <p>根据考古所得,早在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE" title="史前朝鮮">远古时期</a>朝鲜半岛就已有原始人类居住。平壤祥原郡<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%9A%85%E9%87%8C%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="黑隅里遗址">黑隅里遗址</a>、忠清南道公州石壮里和马岩里遗址、忠清北道上诗里和浦田里遗址相继发现表明<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E6%97%A7%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="朝鲜半岛旧石器时代">旧石器时代</a>朝鲜半岛南北部都有人类生息<sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>10-16</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>28-30</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>42-43</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="朝鲜半岛历史">朝鲜半岛历史</a>最初的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B4%E9%9A%B6%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="奴隶制">奴隶制</a>国家是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="古朝鲜">古朝鲜</a><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-简史_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-简史-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>25</span></sup>。“朝鲜”一词最早见于中国古籍《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%B5%B7%E7%BB%8F" title="山海经">山海经</a>·海内经》:“东海之内,北海之隅,有国名朝鲜”。《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%9A%E4%B9%A6%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%A0" title="尚书大传">尚书大传</a>》对其含义的解释为“朝日鲜明”。对于古朝鲜的建国存在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%80%E5%90%9B%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="檀君朝鲜">檀君朝鲜</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%95%E5%AD%90%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C" title="箕子朝鲜">箕子朝鲜</a>两种说法。由于文献中箕子朝鲜内容的矛盾,加之考古发现的不足和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="朝鮮民族主義">朝韩民族主义</a>因素等原因,箕子朝鲜的说法已被朝韩主流所否定。有人甚至认为箕子朝鲜是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E5%9B%9B%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="汉四郡">汉四郡</a>时期的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="汉人">汉人</a>或是后世慕华者编造出来的<sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>17</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-简史_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-简史-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>26-28</span></sup>。公元前194年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%BB%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="卫满">卫满</a>发动政变推翻古朝鲜<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%86%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="准王">准王</a>即位,但继续沿用古朝鲜的国号,史称“<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%BB%A1%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C" title="卫满朝鲜">卫满朝鲜</a>”。公元前108年,卫满朝鲜被<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%89" title="西汉">西汉</a>所灭<sup id="cite_ref-简史_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-简史-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>33-35</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>18</span></sup>。 </p><p>进入四世纪以后,<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%A5%E4%B8%BD" title="高句丽">高句丽</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%AD%E7%BB%BF%E6%B1%9F" title="鸭绿江">鸭绿江</a>流域兴起,统一北部的各部落国家及灭亡汉四郡。在西南部,<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%B5%8E" title="百济">百济</a>灭<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%9F%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="马韩">马韩</a>54国。东南部的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B0%E9%9F%93" title="辰韓">辰韓</a>也由12國合併為<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%BE%85" class="mw-redirect" title="新羅">新羅</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%81%E9%9F%93" title="弁韓">弁韓</a>12國被<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E5%80%BB" title="伽倻">伽倻</a>所吸收,後來又與新羅融合。朝鮮半島形成高句丽、新罗、百济三国鼎立时期,史称“<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜三国时代">三国时代</a>”<sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>16-36</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>30-35</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>43-46</span></sup>。公元7世纪新罗联合<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝">唐朝</a>先后灭百济和高句丽。676年<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%94%90%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="罗唐战争">罗唐战争</a>后,新罗统一朝鮮半島大同江以南。大同江以北的高句丽故地被唐朝<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A4%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="渤海国">渤海国</a>等继承<sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>47-49</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>33-35</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>45-46</span></sup>。十世纪初,<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%96%B0%E7%BD%97" title="统一新罗">统一新罗</a>分裂成为<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="后三国">后三国</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%B0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="泰封">后高句丽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E7%99%BE%E6%B5%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="后百济">后百济</a>、新罗)<sup id="cite_ref-简史_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-简史-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>104</span></sup>。918年,高句丽大将<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%BA%97%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96" title="高麗太祖">王建</a>统一后三国,改国号“高丽”(高丽时代<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="阿拉伯帝国">阿拉伯</a>商人将此名称传播到欧洲世界,欧洲语言Korea、Corea的语源就是“高丽”)<sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>60-106</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>37-38</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>46-48</span></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg/200px-Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg/300px-Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg/400px-Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Throne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a><figcaption>韩国景福宫勤政殿的御座和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%94%E5%B3%B0%E5%9B%BE" title="日月五峰图">日月五峰图</a></figcaption></figure> <p>1392年,高丽大将<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%88%90%E6%A1%82" title="李成桂">李成桂</a>推翻高丽政权改元建国,史称“<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鮮王朝">朝鮮王朝</a>”。朝鲜王朝以<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E6%95%99_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="儒教 (宗教)">儒教</a>治国,儒家思想取代<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>成为国家统治理念。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E5%AE%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="世宗大王">世宗大王</a>时期,王朝经济、文化、军事、科技等各方面都得到长足发展。<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%9A%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="谚文">谚文</a>的发明也为国內平民的文化普及提供了条件。16世纪末和17世纪初,朝鮮王朝由于遭到<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E9%87%91" title="后金">后金</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AD" title="倭">倭</a>的攻击而采取闭关锁国的政策。19世纪后开始日益衰落。1876年,<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%B0" title="明治维新">明治维新</a>后的<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>,依靠西方先进武器迫使朝鮮王朝签订《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%8F%AF%E5%B3%B6%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84" title="江華島條約">江华岛条约</a>》,取得自由勘测朝鲜半岛海口、领事裁判权、贸易等权利。<sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>115-161</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>37-48</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>47-48</span></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%8D%88%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="甲午战争">甲午战争</a>战败与日本签订《<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%B3%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="马关条约">马关条约</a>》后,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E9%AB%98%E5%AE%97" title="朝鮮高宗">高宗</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="明成皇后">閔妃</a>欲联合<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯帝国">沙俄</a>牵制日本,推翻<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%B3%B3%E5%AD%9D" title="朴泳孝">朴泳孝</a>亲日内阁,组建亲俄内阁,遭<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%8F%B3%E7%BF%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="日本右翼">日本右翼</a>杀害,史称“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E6%9C%AA%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%98" title="乙未事变">乙未事变</a>”。此后的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%BC%98%E9%9B%86_(%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE)" title="金弘集 (朝鮮)">金弘集</a>亲日内阁颁布“<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B7%E9%AB%AE%E4%BB%A4" title="斷髮令">断发令</a>”等改革法令,遭到朝鲜民众反对。以乙未事变和断发令为导火线,朝鲜爆发全国性大规模反日<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B5%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="义兵运动">义兵运动</a>,金弘集内阁垮台<sup id="cite_ref-朱庭光_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-朱庭光-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>441-445</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-金光洙_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-金光洙-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E9%A6%86%E6%92%AD%E8%BF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="俄馆播迁">俄馆播迁</a>后,沙俄在朝鲜半岛的势力得到进一步的提高,而日本则在失去<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E4%B8%9C" title="辽东">辽东</a>之后,再次遭到重挫。俄日两国的对峙为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朝鲜王朝">朝鲜</a>的独立提供了良机<sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>178-179</span></sup>。为进一步实现独立,群臣纷纷上奏高宗建立与中国和日本一样的帝制,在多次建议下,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E9%AB%98%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜高宗">高宗</a>最终接受了文武众臣的建议,并于1897年10月12日在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%AD%E5%A4%A9%E5%9D%9B_(%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94)" class="mw-redirect" title="祭天坛 (首尔)">圜丘坛</a>祭天并登基称<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D" title="皇帝">帝</a>,成立<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="大韩帝国">大韩帝国</a>,改<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="年号">年号</a>为“<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%AD%A6_(%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F)" title="光武 (年號)">光武</a>”,并开始进行适应<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="工业化">工业化</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%AD%A6%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="光武改革">光武改革</a><sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>180</span></sup>。1905年,沙俄在<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E4%BF%84%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="日俄戰爭">日俄戰爭</a>战败后,日本在<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E6%B4%B2" title="满洲">满洲</a>和朝鲜半岛的势力进一步加强。1905年11月日本逼迫大韩帝国签订《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E5%B7%B3%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84" class="mw-redirect" title="乙巳條約">乙巳条约</a>》,使其成为保护国后,朝鲜半岛<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E6%97%A5%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B5%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="反日义兵运动">反日义兵运动</a>再次高涨。1909年10月,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="韓國獨立運動">韩国独立运动</a>义兵参谋中将<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E9%87%8D%E6%A0%B9" title="安重根">安重根</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94%E6%BB%A8%E7%81%AB%E8%BD%A6%E7%AB%99" class="mw-redirect" title="哈尔滨火车站">哈尔滨火车站</a>将日本首任<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B1%E7%9B%A3%E5%BA%9C" title="統監府">韓國統監</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%97%A4%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%87" title="伊藤博文">伊藤博文</a>击毙。<sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>170-195</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>49-54</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>48-54</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-朱庭光_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-朱庭光-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>441-445</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-大事_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-大事-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>1099</span></sup> </p><p>1910年,《<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%9F%A9%E5%90%88%E5%B9%B6%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="日韩合并条约">日韩合并条约</a>》签订,<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%9F%93%E5%90%88%E4%BD%B5" title="日韓合併">日本吞并朝鲜半岛</a>。1919年,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E9%AB%98%E5%AE%97" title="朝鮮高宗">高宗</a>暴毙,广大民众认为高宗是被日本人暗中投毒至死,全国各地纷纷酝酿大规模的抗议示威活动。1919年3月1日,韩国独立人士在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E5%9F%8E%E5%BA%9C" title="京城府">京城</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%B4%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="塔洞公園">塔洞公园</a>宣读《独立宣言书》,向世界宣布韩国的独立,引发京城和朝鮮半島其他多地民众的大规模反日游行示威,是为“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%80%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="三一运动">三一运动</a>”。三一运动的独立浪潮很快席卷整个朝鲜半岛,有200万以上群众参加了上千起反日示威和武装起义。根据日本官方缩小的统计数字,三一运动期间被杀害的韩国人数有近8,000人,1.6万人受伤,数万人被捕。三一运动被日本人镇压后,韩国独立人士纷纷流亡<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="中華民國大陸時期">中華民國</a>或者<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国">苏俄</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9C%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="远东地区">远东地区</a>继续从事独立复国运动。1919年4月13日,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%B4%E6%97%B6%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="大韩民国临时政府">大韩民国临时政府</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8E%BF" title="上海县">上海</a>成立,后隨當時抗日的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="中華民國政府">中華民國政府</a>于1940年到达<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E6%85%B6%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="重慶市 (中華民國)">重慶</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>196-202</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>54-56</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>59-60</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="南北分治后"><span id=".E5.8D.97.E5.8C.97.E5.88.86.E6.B2.BB.E5.90.8E"></span>南北分治后</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="编辑章节:南北分治后"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lopez_scaling_seawall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Lopez_scaling_seawall.jpg/130px-Lopez_scaling_seawall.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Lopez_scaling_seawall.jpg/195px-Lopez_scaling_seawall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Lopez_scaling_seawall.jpg/260px-Lopez_scaling_seawall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4614" data-file-height="5778" /></a><figcaption>1950年9月,<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D%E9%99%B8%E6%88%B0%E9%9A%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="美國海軍陸戰隊">美國海軍陸戰隊</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%B7%9D%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="仁川登陸戰">登陸仁川</a>,攻陷朝鮮佔領的區域</figcaption></figure> <p>1945年8月,<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="第二次世界大戰">第二次世界大戰</a>结束后,根据年初<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E7%88%BE%E9%81%94%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="雅爾達會議">雅爾達會議</a>的安排,原<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E6%97%A5%E6%B2%BB%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="朝鮮日治時期">日占朝鮮</a>由蘇聯和美國共同托管,<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E7%BA%A2%E5%86%9B" title="苏联红军">苏联红军</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="美军">美军</a>以<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BA%AC38%E5%BA%A6%E7%BA%BF" title="北纬38度线">北纬38度线</a>为界分别进驻朝鲜半岛北部和南部。此后朝鲜半岛先後被划分为南北两块势力范围:由<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="苏联军事政府">蘇聯軍事政府</a>管理的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="北朝鮮">北部</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%A7%90%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4%E9%83%A8%E8%BB%8D%E6%94%BF%E5%BB%B3" title="駐朝鮮美國陸軍司令部軍政廳">美軍政廳</a>統治的南部,兩者在1948年後分別獨立為「朝鲜民主主义人民共和国」及「大韓民國」。1950年6月25日,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="朝鲜战争">朝鲜战争</a>爆发。因苏联等東歐共產主義国家缺席,导致当时美国等主导的<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国">联合国</a>投票发动<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B" title="联合国军">联合国军</a>支援韩国。联合国军支援的韩国同<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏联</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%8F%B4%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="抗美援朝">抗美援朝</a>方針指导下的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>支持的朝鮮民主主義人民共和國最终在1953年7月27日签署《<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%81%9C%E6%88%98%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="朝鲜停战协定">朝鲜停战协定</a>》。朝鲜半岛沿<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%85%AB%E7%BA%BF" title="三八线">三十八度线</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%9F%A9%E9%9D%9E%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8C%BA" title="朝韩非军事区">非军事区</a>划分为两个国家。<sup id="cite_ref-hist_21-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>214-216</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>59</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>67-75</span></sup> </p><p>朝韩分治后,韩国经历民主与独裁统治的反复交替。<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第一共和國 (大韓民國)">第一共和国</a>处于<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%89%BF%E6%99%9A" title="李承晚">李承晚</a>的独裁统治之下,直至1960年爆发<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="四一九革命">四一九革命</a>,民主的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第二共和國 (大韓民國)">第二共和国建立</a>。1961年5月16日,少将<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%AD%A3%E7%86%99" title="朴正熙">朴正熙</a>发动<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%80%E5%85%AD%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A" title="五一六軍事政變">五一六军事政变</a>推翻仅存在8个月的第二共和国,建立<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第三共和國 (大韓民國)">第三共和国</a>,开始長達十八年的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%9D%83%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="威权主义">威权统治</a>。朴正熙上台后致力于发展经济使<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国经济">韩国经济</a>走上振兴之路。1972年,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%AD%A3%E7%86%99" title="朴正熙">朴正熙</a>通过公布“<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="维新宪法">维新宪法</a>”確立其任期终身制并建立<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第四共和國 (大韓民國)">第四共和国</a>。1979年,朴正熙在宴席上被亲信KCIA(韩国中央情报部)部长<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%BC%89%E5%9C%AD" title="金載圭">金载圭</a>刺杀后,陸軍少將<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%96%97%E7%85%A5" title="全斗煥">全斗煥</a>發動「<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A" title="雙十二政變">雙十二政變</a>」,奪取全國政權。1980年,全斗煥武力鎮壓<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B7%9E%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="光州民主化運動">光州民主化運動</a>,将<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%AD" title="金大中">金大中</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%B3%B3%E4%B8%89" title="金泳三">金泳三</a>拘捕。1981年,韩国在全斗焕操纵下修改宪法,使全斗焕登上总统宝座,韩国进入独裁专制的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第五共和國 (大韓民國)">第五共和国</a>。1987年6月,韩国爆发大规模<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%9C%88%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="六月民主运动">六月民主运动</a>,其後經過<a href="/wiki/1987%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95" title="1987年大韩民国宪法公投">公民投票</a>。10月27日韩国国会通过第六共和国宪法,建立目前的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第六共和國 (大韓民國)">第六共和国</a>。12月19日<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E6%B3%B0%E6%84%9A" title="盧泰愚">盧泰愚</a>成為首位公正透明下的民選總統。1992年12月19日,<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%B3%B3%E4%B8%89" title="金泳三">金泳三</a>当选韩国第14届总统,开启文人政府时代。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>75-84</span></sup> </p><p>1997年12月19日,<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%AD" title="金大中">金大中</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E9%A3%8E%E6%9A%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="亚洲金融风暴">亚洲金融风暴</a>期间当选<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国总统">韩国总统</a>,實現首次<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E9%BB%A8%E8%BC%AA%E6%9B%BF" title="政黨輪替">政黨輪替</a>。他开始改革韩国的经济体制,改善韩国与<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="中華人民共和國">中華人民共和國</a>的关系。在对北问题上,金大中采取“阳光政策”,在2000年成功與<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党">朝鲜劳动党</a>总书记<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E6%97%A5" title="金正日">金正日</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%A3%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="平壤">平壤</a>进行首次<a href="/wiki/2000%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E9%9F%93%E9%A6%96%E8%85%A6%E6%9C%83%E8%AB%87" class="mw-redirect" title="2000年南北韓首腦會談">南北双边会谈</a>,并签署《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" title="南北共同宣言">南北共同宣言</a>》。<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%AD" title="金大中">金大中</a>因此于同年荣获<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔和平奖">诺贝尔和平奖</a><sup id="cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-朴钟锦-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>98-99</span></sup>。金大中后的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%AD%A6%E9%93%89" class="mw-redirect" title="卢武铉">卢武铉</a>政府基本延续前任政府的对北友好政策。2007年10月2日至4日卢武铉步行穿过<a href="/wiki/38%E5%BA%A6%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="38度線">38度线</a>进入朝鮮民主主義人民共和國,然后乘车抵达<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%A3%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="平壤">平壤</a>与金正日举行第二次<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%9F%A9%E9%A6%96%E8%84%91%E4%BC%9A%E6%99%A4" title="朝韩首脑会晤">朝韩首脑会晤</a>。双方在會後签署了《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E4%B8%8E%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E7%B9%81%E8%8D%A3%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="南北关系发展与和平繁荣宣言">南北关系发展与和平繁荣宣言</a>》<sup id="cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-朴钟锦-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>274-275</span></sup>。 </p><p>2007年12月19日,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%98%8E%E5%8D%9A" title="李明博">李明博</a>当选韩国总统,達成第二次政黨輪替。2008年2月25日,李明博就任总统后开始调整对北政策。同年7月,一名韩国游客在<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E5%B1%B1_(%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE)" class="mw-redirect" title="金剛山 (朝鮮)">金刚山</a>遭朝鲜士兵枪击身亡。随着之后2010年<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%AE%89%E5%8F%B7%E6%B2%89%E6%B2%A1%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="天安号沉没事件">天安号沉没事件</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%A0%B8%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="朝鲜核问题">朝鲜核问题</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E5%9D%AA%E5%B2%9B%E7%82%AE%E5%87%BB%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="延坪岛炮击事件">延坪岛炮击事件</a>的发生朝韩关系一直紧张<sup id="cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-朴钟锦-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>105-106</span></sup>。2012年12月19日,前总统<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%AD%A3%E7%86%99" title="朴正熙">朴正熙</a>的长女<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%A7%BF%E6%83%A0" title="朴槿惠">朴槿惠</a>当选韩国史上首位女性总统,<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="新世界黨">新世界黨</a>繼續執政<sup id="cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-朴钟锦-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>108</span></sup>。2016年12月9日,<a href="/wiki/2016%E5%B9%B4%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E9%86%9C%E8%81%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="2016年韓國政治醜聞">崔順實事件</a>引发朴槿惠遭<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">韩国国会</a>弹劾,2017年3月10日<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国宪法法院">韩国宪法法院</a>通过了朴槿惠的弹劾案<sup id="cite_ref-弹劾_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-弹劾-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。同年5月9日,韩国提前举行总统大选,<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%9C%A8%E5%AF%85" title="文在寅">文在寅</a>当选第19任总统,并于次日宣誓就职<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。文在寅上任後與北韓舉行<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E9%9F%93%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="南北韓高峰會">峰會</a>,藉此緩解<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="朝鮮半島衝突">朝鮮半島緊張局勢</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2022年3月9日,第20届韩国总统选举,<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F" title="國民力量">国民力量党</a>候选人<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B9%E9%94%A1%E6%82%A6" title="尹锡悦">尹锡悦</a>得票率为48.6%,超过<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="共同民主党">共同民主党</a>候选人<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%9C%A8%E6%98%8E" title="李在明">李在明</a>0.8个百分点,最终赢得第20届总统大选,当选韩国总统<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2024年12月3日,尹錫悅<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%88%92%E5%9A%B4" title="2024年韓國戒嚴">短暫實施戒嚴</a>,是自1980年代以來首次宣布戒嚴。<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地理"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86"></span>地理</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="编辑章节:地理"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Korea_Topography.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/South_Korea_Topography.png/130px-South_Korea_Topography.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/South_Korea_Topography.png/195px-South_Korea_Topography.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/South_Korea_Topography.png/260px-South_Korea_Topography.png 2x" data-file-width="1705" data-file-height="1979" /></a><figcaption>韩国地形</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="韩国地理">韩国地理</a></div> <p>韩国地处<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="東北亞">東北亞</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鮮半島">朝鮮半岛</a>南段,三面环海,北部与<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国">朝鲜民主主义人民共和国</a>接壤,西与<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a>隔著<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B5%B7" title="黄海">西海</a>(黃海)相望,东部和东南部与<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>隔著<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%B5%B7" title="日本海">東海</a>(日本海)相邻,面积约10万平方公里,约占半岛面积的45%<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>8-9</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>2-3</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-glob_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glob-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="地貌"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E8.B2.8C"></span>地貌</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="编辑章节:地貌"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>韩国地势北高南低,东高西低,其中三分之二是山地。北起黄龙山纵贯东海岸的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%99%BD%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="太白山脈">太白山脉</a>是韩国最长的山脉,全长约500公里,平均海拔1,000米,构成<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="朝鲜半岛">朝鲜半岛</a>南部的脊梁。由于东海波涛的侵蚀,太白山脉东坡是悬崖峭壁和岩石小岛,西坡和南部较缓,形成平原和许多近海岛屿和小港湾。位于太白山脉北部的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%B6%BD%E5%B1%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" title="雪嶽山國立公園">雪岳山</a>是韩国东部山地的最高峰,高达1,708米,因山顶一年有五六个月被白雪覆盖而得名。太白山脉中部耸立着五座相似的高峰被称为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%8F%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="五台山国立公园">五台山</a>,最高峰飞卢峰海拔1,563米<sup id="cite_ref-网易_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-网易-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。太白山脉向西南延伸的部分被称作<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%99%BD%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="小白山脈">小白山脉</a>,长约350公里,主要山峰有<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E7%95%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" title="智異山國立公園">智异山</a>(1,915米)、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%97%E9%9B%A2%E5%B1%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" title="俗離山國立公園">俗离山</a>(1,058米)、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%A3%95%E5%B1%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" title="德裕山國立公園">德裕山</a>(1,614米)、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E5%80%BB%E5%B1%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" title="伽倻山國立公園">伽倻山</a>(1,430米)等。以五台山为始点向西南延伸到<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%A0%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%97%E9%81%93" title="忠清南道">忠清南道</a>的山脉是<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8A%E5%B6%BA%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="車嶺山脈">车岭山脉</a>,长约220公里。位于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%B7%9E%E5%B2%9B" title="济州岛">济州岛</a>中部的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%8B%8F%E5%B1%B1" title="漢拏山">汉拏山</a>是韩国的最高峰,海拔1,947米。汉拏山与<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E5%B1%B1_(%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE)" class="mw-redirect" title="金剛山 (朝鮮)">金刚山</a>和智异山被称为三大神山。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>8-9</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>2-3</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-glob_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glob-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-网易_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-网易-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>韩国的平原主要分布在南部和西部的河流及海岸地带,海拔多在200米以下。主要平原包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="湖南平原">湖南平原</a>(约500平方公里),全南平原(约300平方公里)、金海平原(约220平方公里)等。这些平原地区土地肥沃,是韩国的粮仓。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>9-10</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>3-4</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-网易_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-网易-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korean.Seoraksan-Ulsanbawi-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Korean.Seoraksan-Ulsanbawi-01.jpg/200px-Korean.Seoraksan-Ulsanbawi-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Korean.Seoraksan-Ulsanbawi-01.jpg/300px-Korean.Seoraksan-Ulsanbawi-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Korean.Seoraksan-Ulsanbawi-01.jpg/400px-Korean.Seoraksan-Ulsanbawi-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>韩国<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%B2%B3%E5%B1%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="雪岳山国立公园">雪岳山国立公园</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seomjingang_MS3672.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Seomjingang_MS3672.JPG/200px-Seomjingang_MS3672.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Seomjingang_MS3672.JPG/300px-Seomjingang_MS3672.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Seomjingang_MS3672.JPG/400px-Seomjingang_MS3672.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%9F%BE%E6%B4%A5%E6%B1%9F" title="蟾津江">蟾津江</a></figcaption></figure> <p>由于韩国的地貌,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国河流列表">韩国的河流</a>一般是从北向南或从东向西入海。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E6%9D%B1%E6%B1%9F" title="洛東江">洛东江</a>是韩国最大的河流,北起<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%99%BD%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="太白山脈">太白山脉</a>流经<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%82%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="大邱">大邱</a>南至<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="釜山">釜山</a>入<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓海峽">大韩海峡</a>,长525公里。<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%B1%9F_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" title="漢江 (韓國)">漢江</a>长514公里是韩国的第二大河流。流经韩国首都<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="首爾">首爾</a>的汉江自古就是韩国人民发展生息的生命线。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>10</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>6-7</span></sup> </p><p>韩国的湖泊较少,位于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%B7%9E%E5%B2%9B" title="济州岛">济州岛</a>汉拏山山顶火山口的<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E9%B9%BF%E6%BD%AD" title="白鹿潭">白鹿潭</a>是韩国最大的天然湖泊,海拔1,850米,湖面直径约300米,周长1公里,深约6米。位于江原道春川市东北13公里的昭阳湖为韩国最大的人工湖,面积6,930万平方米,1973年建成。<sup id="cite_ref-煤炭_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-煤炭-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>韩国拥有3,000个大小岛屿。其中济州岛(1,840平方公里)是韩国面积最大的岛屿,也是韩国主要的旅游熱點之一。济州火山岛和熔岩洞2007年被列入<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%81%97%E4%BA%A7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国世界遗产列表">世界遗产列表</a><sup id="cite_ref-jeju_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jeju-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国的其它主要岛屿包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E6%B5%8E%E5%B2%9B" title="巨济岛">巨济岛</a>(383.44平方公里)、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%8D%8E%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="江华岛">江华岛</a>(319.83平方公里)、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%8D%E5%B2%9B" title="珍岛">珍岛</a>(319.65平方公里)和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%9B" title="南海岛">南海岛</a>(297.75平方公里)等<sup id="cite_ref-秦桂芳_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-秦桂芳-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>6</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-网易_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-网易-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="气候"><span id=".E6.B0.94.E5.80.99"></span>气候</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="编辑章节:气候"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>韩国属<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B8%A6%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86%E6%80%A7%E6%B9%BF%E6%B6%A6%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" title="温带大陆性湿润气候">温带大陆性湿润</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AF%E7%83%AD%E5%B8%A6%E6%B9%BF%E6%B6%A6%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" title="副热带湿润气候">副热带湿润气候</a>。一年四季分明,春、秋两季较短;夏季炎热潮湿;冬季寒冷干燥。夏季韩国大部分地区气温都会超过30℃。冬季气温寒冷,内陆地区最低气温可达-20℃。首尔1月份的平均气温范围是-7℃到1℃。首尔8月份的平均气温范围是22℃到30℃。南部沿海地区冬季的温度会高些,而内陆山区的气温则非常低<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>11</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>5</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>14</span></sup>。 </p><p>韩国年平均降水量为1,500毫米左右,由南向北逐步减少<sup id="cite_ref-煤炭_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-煤炭-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。受<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E5%AD%A3%E9%A2%A8" title="東南季風">東南季风</a>影响,夏季雨水多而集中,6月底至7月底有“<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E9%9B%A8" title="梅雨">梅雨</a>”。6-8月的降雨量为全年的70%。南部沿海地区在夏末时常有<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="台风">台风</a>。首尔的年平均降雨量为1370毫米;釜山1470毫米<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>12-13</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>11</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>5</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-glob_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glob-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩国大部分地区为中温带,植被以<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E6%9D%BE" title="红松">韩松</a>,阔叶落叶植物为主。韩国南部海岸和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%B7%9E%E5%B2%9B" title="济州岛">济州岛</a>为暖温带。植被为阔叶常绿植被<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>12-13</span></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="自然资源"><span id=".E8.87.AA.E7.84.B6.E8.B5.84.E6.BA.90"></span>自然资源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="编辑章节:自然资源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>韩国<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BF%E4%BA%A7%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="矿产资源">矿产资源</a>种类繁多,但有开采价值的矿物数量很少。工业原料主要依靠进口,自给率仅为10%。由于缺乏<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%A3" title="中生代">中生代</a>以后的海相沉积,韩国至今没有发现<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B9%E7%94%B0" title="油田">油田</a>。能源矿产主要是<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%83%9F%E7%85%A4" title="无烟煤">无烟煤</a>,但储量小。韩国储量相对较多的金属类矿物主要有<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="银">银</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">铜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">钼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">铅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">锌</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">镁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">钨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">锑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">锡</a>等。韩国<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="非金属">非金属</a>类矿物的储量很丰富。<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E6%99%B6%E7%9F%B3" title="重晶石">重晶石</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E6%AF%8D" title="云母">云母</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A4%E7%9F%B3" title="萤石">萤石</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%B2%AD%E5%9C%9F" title="高岭土">高岭土</a>的储量很高。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>11-12</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>8-12</span></sup> </p><p>韩国的植被以温带落叶阔叶林为主,主要植物有<a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%AD%E6%A0%91" class="mw-redirect" title="槭树">槭树</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%A5%E6%A0%91&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="枥树(页面不存在)">枥树</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%AB%E6%A1%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="枫桦">枫桦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E6%A4%B4" title="紫椴">紫椴</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A6%86%E6%A0%91" title="榆树">榆树</a>等。南部沿海和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%B7%9E%E5%B2%9B" title="济州岛">济州岛</a>的植被是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%83%AD%E5%B8%A6" title="亚热带">亚热带</a>常绿阔叶林,主要植物有<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%8C%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="山茶">山茶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AD%E5%8F%B6%E6%A0%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="狭叶栎">狭叶栎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%B9" title="竹">竹</a>等。海拔1,000米以上的山区如<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%B2%B3%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="雪岳山">雪岳山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E7%95%B0%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="智異山">智异山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%8B%8F%E5%B1%B1" title="漢拏山">汉拏山</a>等属于寒温带针叶林带,主要植物有<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%BD%E5%8F%B6%E6%9D%BE" title="落叶松">落叶松</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%81%83%E6%9D%BE" title="偃松">偃松</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%9D%89" class="mw-redirect" title="冷杉">冷杉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E6%9D%BE" title="红松">红松</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E7%9A%AE%E4%BA%91%E6%9D%89" class="mw-redirect" title="红皮云杉">红皮云杉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E8%B1%86%E6%9D%89" class="mw-redirect" title="红豆杉">红豆杉</a>等。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>12-13</span></sup> </p><p>韩国高原地区的动物分布与<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国东北地区">中國東北</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="西伯利亚">西伯利亚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E9%A1%B5%E5%B2%9B" title="库页岛">库页岛</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7%E9%81%93" title="北海道">北海道</a>北部地区类似,主要动物有<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BF%E7%A7%91" title="鹿科">鹿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="狍">狍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%91%E7%BE%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="斑羚">斑羚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%95%E7%86%8A" title="棕熊">褐熊</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E" title="虎">虎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%9E%E7%8C%81" title="猞猁">猞猁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%94" title="兔">兔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%8B%E9%B9%BF" title="麋鹿">麋鹿</a>等;低地地区与中国东北南部和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="华北地区">华北地区</a>的动物分布相似。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%B7%9E%E5%B2%9B" title="济州岛">济州岛</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%81%E9%99%B5%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="郁陵岛">郁陵岛</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>的动物种群有密切的关系,主要动物有<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E9%BB%91%E7%86%8A" title="亞洲黑熊">黑熊</a>、河狍、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E9%BC%A0" title="田鼠">田鼠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%85%B9%E9%BB%91%E5%95%84%E6%9C%A8%E9%B8%9F" title="白腹黑啄木鸟">白腹黑啄木鸟</a>、环颈雉鸡等。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>13</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="法律"><span id=".E6.B3.95.E5.BE.8B"></span>法律</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="编辑章节:法律"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B" title="韩国法律">韩国法律</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="宪法"><span id=".E5.AE.AA.E6.B3.95"></span>宪法</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="编辑章节:宪法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国宪法">韩国宪法</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国宪法法院">韩国宪法法院</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Korean_Constitutional_Court_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/South_Korean_Constitutional_Court_building.jpg/200px-South_Korean_Constitutional_Court_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/South_Korean_Constitutional_Court_building.jpg/300px-South_Korean_Constitutional_Court_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/South_Korean_Constitutional_Court_building.jpg/400px-South_Korean_Constitutional_Court_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="419" /></a><figcaption>韩国宪法法院</figcaption></figure> <p>1948年,韩国公布第一部<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国宪法">宪法</a>并按宪法原则建国。在建国后的几个十年中,韩国对宪法进行了九次修订。最新的一次宪法修订时间是在1987年的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="第六共和國 (大韓民國)">第六共和国</a>。《<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国宪法">韩国宪法</a>》包括序言、130项条款和6个补充规定,共分总纲、公民的权利和义务、国会、政府、法院、宪法法院、选举管理、地方自治、经济和修宪10章,主要有“国民主权”,实行“三权分立”和“总统中心制”,增加国民民主权利,和实行违宪审查制定四方面的核心内容。其基本原则包括国民主权、三权分立、寻求南北和平民主统一、寻求国际和平与合作、依法治国以及国家负责促进国计民生。<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>61</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>98-99</span></sup> </p><p>《宪法》保证司法的独立性。《宪法》第103和106条明确规定“法官依据宪法和法律及其良知,独立做出审判”,法官“除被宣告为弹劾或禁锢以上的刑之外”不得被罢免<sup id="cite_ref-周道鸾_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-周道鸾-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。修改宪法只能由<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国总统">总统</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">国会</a>大多数议员提出。修改的宪法需经三分之二以上的国会议员和全民公决半数以上同意方能生效<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>98-99</span></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国宪法法院">韩国宪法法院</a>于1988年依据韩国第六共和国宪法第六章建立。韩国宪法法院是韩国的独立司法裁判机构,其主要职能是通过建立特别的宪法裁决程序对有关宪法的问题进行裁决,以保护宪法和保障国民的基本权利。韩国宪法法院成员由韩国总统任命的9名法官组成。其中三分之一来自<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">韩国国会</a>的候选人,三分之一来自<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国大法院">大法院</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E9%95%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国大法院长">院长</a>提名候选人,三分之一来自韩国总统的候选人。宪法法院的法官必须年满40周岁且符合十分严格的任职资格。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>108-109</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>63</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="司法制度"><span id=".E5.8F.B8.E6.B3.95.E5.88.B6.E5.BA.A6"></span>司法制度</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="编辑章节:司法制度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>韩国司法制度由最高法院<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国大法院">大法院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国宪法法院">宪法法院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="高等法院">高等法院</a>、地区法院和一些特殊法院构成,为三审终审制<sup id="cite_ref-周道鸾_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-周道鸾-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>地区法院是可以受理任何<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%BA%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="民事">民事</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%91%E6%B3%95" title="刑法">刑事</a>案件的一审法院。地区法院上诉小组有权处理由单一地区法院或分院处理的案件的上诉。市级法院只能负责金额在2,000万<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9C%86" class="mw-redirect" title="韩圆">韩圆</a>以下、刑期在30天以内或罚金在200万韩圆以下的小案件的初审。地区法院分院的职能与地区法院基本相同,但没有处理上诉的权力。高等法院是处理地区法院和特殊法院上诉的二审法院。高等法院的上诉法院由3名法官组成。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国大法院">韩国大法院</a>是韩国的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="最高法院">最高法院</a>,负责处理对二审法院判决的上诉。大法院的判决为终审判决,当事人对大法院的判决不能上诉只能服从。<sup id="cite_ref-周道鸾_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-周道鸾-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="政治"><span id=".E6.94.BF.E6.B2.BB"></span>政治</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="编辑章节:政治"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ROK_election_system_and_separation_of_powers_(zh-hans).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/ROK_election_system_and_separation_of_powers_%28zh-hans%29.svg/200px-ROK_election_system_and_separation_of_powers_%28zh-hans%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/ROK_election_system_and_separation_of_powers_%28zh-hans%29.svg/300px-ROK_election_system_and_separation_of_powers_%28zh-hans%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/ROK_election_system_and_separation_of_powers_%28zh-hans%29.svg/400px-ROK_election_system_and_separation_of_powers_%28zh-hans%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5500" data-file-height="6000" /></a><figcaption>韩国<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="立法">立法</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="行政">行政</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="司法">司法</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%9D%83%E5%88%86%E7%AB%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="三权分立">三权分立</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國選舉">选举制度</a>示意图</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="韩国政治">韩国政治</a></div> <p>韩国政体由<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="行政">行政</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="立法">立法</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="司法">司法</a>三權组成。自二十世纪六十年代以来,韩国已經成功发展<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="自由民主制">自由民主制</a>。1987年,韩国举行第一次公平開放的总统选举,成為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="東亞">東亞</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%B3%A2%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%8C%96" title="第三波民主化">第三波民主化</a>國家之一<sup id="cite_ref-王菲易_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-王菲易-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。《<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E9%AB%94%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E9%9B%86" title="政體資料集">政體資料集</a>》和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%83%85%E5%A0%B1%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="中央情報局">中央情報局</a>出版的《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5" title="世界概况">世界概况</a>》将韩国列为民主国家<sup id="cite_ref-政體_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-政體-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-民主_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-民主-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="行政机构"><span id=".E8.A1.8C.E6.94.BF.E6.9C.BA.E6.9E.84"></span>行政机构</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="编辑章节:行政机构"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国总统">韩国总统</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="韩国国务总理">韩国国务总理</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E6%A9%9F%E9%97%9C" title="韓國中央行政機關">韓國中央行政機關</a></div> <p>韩国的行政部门实行<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%B6" title="总统制">总统制</a>,是韩国<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%9D%83%E5%88%86%E7%AB%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="三权分立">三权分立</a>制度的核心体制。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国总统">韩国总统</a>由韩国国民<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E9%80%89%E4%B8%BE" title="直接选举">直接选举</a>产生,任期为5年。为避免任何个人长期掌握国家权力,《<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国宪法">韩国宪法</a>》规定总统不能连任。韩国总统通过由15-30人组成的国务会议行使行政权。<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>27–30</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>102–103</span></sup> </p><p>韩国总统的主要职能包括:作为国家元首负责接见外国使节,颁发嘉奖令、授勋和实施<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%B5%A6" title="大赦">大赦</a>;维护国家统一,民族独立,领土完整,国家的连续性和维护宪法;作为最高行政首長,负责推行<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">国会</a>通过的各项法律,并全权领导国务会议、各类咨询机构和行政部门,并有权任命包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="韩国国务总理">国务总理</a>和各部<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7" title="部長">部長</a>在内的官员;作为<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國國軍">國軍</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="統帥">統帥</a>,拥有包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E6%88%B0" title="宣戰">宣战</a>权在内的广泛军事政策制定权;作为国家的最高對外代表和外交政策的决策者,有权任命和派遣外交使节,与外国签订条约;作为主要政策和法律的制定者,可以向国会提出立法议案,并亲自或以书面形式向立法人员说明自己的观点。总统无权解散国会,但国会可以通过<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B9%E5%8A%BE" title="弹劾">弹劾</a>程序限制总统。总统任命的国务总理需由国会批准。<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>29-30</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>102-103</span></sup> </p><p>文在寅政府改組後,韩国的中央行政机关包括18部、5處、18廳、7委员会、2院、4室共计54个机构<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。1988年,韩国修订了《地方自治法》,恢复了地方自治制度;1991年举行了地方议会选举;1995年举行了道知事和市长的选举<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>35</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>104–105</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>74–75</span></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="立法机构"><span id=".E7.AB.8B.E6.B3.95.E6.9C.BA.E6.9E.84"></span>立法机构</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="编辑章节:立法机构"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">韩国国会</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Republic_of_Korea_capitol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Republic_of_Korea_capitol.jpg/200px-Republic_of_Korea_capitol.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Republic_of_Korea_capitol.jpg/300px-Republic_of_Korea_capitol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Republic_of_Korea_capitol.jpg/400px-Republic_of_Korea_capitol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2268" /></a><figcaption>位於<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="首尔">首尔</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E7%99%BB%E6%B5%A6%E5%8D%80" title="永登浦區">永登浦區</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0%E4%BA%8B%E5%A0%82_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" title="國會議事堂 (韓國)">国会议事堂</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">韩国国会</a>是韩国<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E9%99%A2%E5%88%B6" title="一院制">一院制</a>立法机关,按法律规定应由至少200个议席组成,每届任期四年,其中80%以上的席位由国民投票选举产生,其余的5%以上的席位通过<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E4%BE%8B%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%88%B6" title="比例代表制">比例代表制</a>产生<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>30</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>99</span></sup>。 </p><p>韩国国会具有立法权、修宪权、财政审查权、外交和战争权、人事权、监督权和弹劾权等权力,负责审议并通过或否决各项法案;审核和批准政府<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A2%E6%94%BF%E9%A2%84%E7%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="财政预算">财政预算</a>;检查政府工作;批准对外条约以及同意<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E6%88%B0" title="宣戰">宣战</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%AA%BE%E5%92%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="媾和">媾和</a>;审核<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国宪法法院">宪法裁判所所长</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国大法院">大法院</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E9%95%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国大法院长">院长</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="韩国国务总理">国务总理</a>、检察长和大法官的任命;弹劾总统和主要政府官员、否决总统的紧急命令等。<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>30-31</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>101-102</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>70-71</span></sup> </p><p>韩国国会机构包括议长1人、副议长2人及各专门委员会。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E9%95%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国国会议长">韩国国会议长</a>与副议长由国会议员匿名选举产生,負責主持国会会议。议长的任期按规定不能超出2年。议长和副议长职能上独立于其所在政党,而且不必是政府官员。<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>30-31</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>101-102</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>70-71</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="司法机构"><span id=".E5.8F.B8.E6.B3.95.E6.9C.BA.E6.9E.84"></span>司法机构</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="编辑章节:司法机构"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国大法院">韩国大法院</a></div> <p>韩国司法机构独立于韩国行政和立法机构。韩国法院分为<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国大法院">大法院</a>、高等法院和包括专门性的专利法院、家庭法院和行政法院在内的地方法院三个级别。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>107</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>33</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>71</span></sup> </p><p>大法院是韩国最高司法机构,也是管理韩国司法系统的行政权力机构。大法院成员由<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E9%95%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国大法院长">院长</a>和13名大法官组成。大法院长由<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国总统">韩国总统</a>任命并经<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">韩国国会</a>批准,任期6年,不得连任。韩国大法院长是韩国司法机构的首领,有权推荐大法官提名和任命下级法院的法官。高等法院是地方法院的二审法院。韩国在首尔、仁川、水原、春川、大田、清州、大邱、釜山、昌原、蔚山、光州、全州和济州13个城市设有地方法院。地方法院下设分院和市郡法院。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>107-108</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>33-34</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>71</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="政党与选举"><span id=".E6.94.BF.E5.85.9A.E4.B8.8E.E9.80.89.E4.B8.BE"></span>政党与选举</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="编辑章节:政党与选举"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E9%BB%A8" title="韓國政黨">韩国政党</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國選舉">韩国选举</a></div> <p>韩国实行<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%9A%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="多党制">多党制</a>。目前的政党主要有<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F" title="國民力量">国民力量</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="共同民主党">共同民主党</a>等。<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F" title="國民力量">国民力量</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="共同民主黨">共同民主黨</a>是韩国的两大政党,左右韩国政治。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>116-118</span></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國選舉">韩国选举</a>包括总统大选、国会普选、地方自治团体以及地方议会的地方选举。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国总统">韩国总统</a>由韩国国民通过<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E9%80%89%E4%B8%BE" title="直接选举">直接选举</a>的方式选出,任期为5年,而且不能连任。每個政黨都可推薦一名候選人,無黨派人士只要集齊5,000至7,000名選民推薦就可參選。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">韩国国会</a>议席每届任期四年,其中80%以上的席位通过<a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%80%E5%8D%95%E5%A4%9A%E6%95%B0%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="简单多数制">简单多数制</a>的国民投票选举产生,其余5%以上的席位通过<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E4%BE%8B%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%88%B6" title="比例代表制">比例代表制</a>产生。<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>30</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>99</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>79-82</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="行政区划"><span id=".E8.A1.8C.E6.94.BF.E5.8C.BA.E5.88.92"></span>行政区划</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="编辑章节:行政区划"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="韩国行政区划">韩国行政区划</a></div> <p>出于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="历史">历史</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%96%87" class="mw-disambig" title="人文">人文</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="地理">地理</a>方面的原因,韩国习惯上被划分为关东地方、首都圈、大田圈、湖南地方、岭南地方和济州地方6大区域<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>。关东地方是韩国东部大关岭以东地区,即<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%8E%9F%E9%81%93_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="江原道 (韓國)">江原特别自治道</a>的称呼。湖南地区是<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A6%E6%B1%9F_(%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD)" title="锦江 (韩国)">锦江</a>以南<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%BE%85%E5%8D%97%E9%81%93" title="全羅南道">全罗南道</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%BD%97%E5%8C%97%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="全罗北道">全罗北道</a>的别称。岭南地区是<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%99%BD%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="小白山脈">小白山脉</a>的竹岭和鸟岭以南地区,即<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%86%E5%B0%9A%E5%8D%97%E9%81%93" title="庆尚南道">庆尚南道</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%86%E5%B0%9A%E5%8C%97%E9%81%93" title="庆尚北道">庆尚北道</a>。大田圈指<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%A0%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%97%E9%81%93" title="忠清南道">忠清南道</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%A0%E6%B8%85%E5%8C%97%E9%81%93" title="忠清北道">忠清北道</a>。首都圈和济州地方分别指<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%B7%9E%E5%B2%9B" title="济州岛">济州岛</a>。这些被沿用1000多年的地区说法与韩国的行政区划的界限不一定完全吻合。<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>15</span></sup> </p><p>韩国全国目前划分为一个<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="特别市">特别市</a>、一个<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E5%AE%97%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" title="世宗特別自治市">特別自治市</a>、六个<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" title="廣域市 (韓國)">广域市</a>,以上八个皆为中央直接管辖的直辖市、六个<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92)" title="道 (行政区划)">道</a>及三个<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%81%93" title="特別自治道">特别自治道</a>;以上一级行政区称为“广域自治团体”,共有十七个。广域自治团体以下之二级行政区则称为“基础自治团体”,全国共有73个<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82" title="市">自治市</a>、86个<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1" title="郡">郡</a>、69个自治区。基础自治团体以下又分为面、邑、洞;再分为里、统以及最基层的班。<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>15-18</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>18</span></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" width="100%" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="8"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Provinces_of_South_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Provinces_of_South_Korea.svg/700px-Provinces_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="700" height="660" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Provinces_of_South_Korea.svg/1050px-Provinces_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Provinces_of_South_Korea.svg/1400px-Provinces_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1672" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <th>地域 </th> <th>名稱 </th> <th>韓語 </th> <th>首府 </th> <th>人口<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th>面積 </th> <th>二級政區 </th> <th>圖號 </th></tr> <tr> <td>江原 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%8E%9F%E9%81%93_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="江原道 (韓國)">江原特别自治道</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">강원특별자치도</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="春川市">春川市</a> </td> <td>1,536,140 </td> <td>16,536 </td> <td>7市11郡 </td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">京畿 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="首爾">首爾特別市</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">서울특별시</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%80_(%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE)" class="mw-redirect" title="中區 (首爾)">中區</a> </td> <td>9,558,153 </td> <td>606 </td> <td>25區 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%B7%9D%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="仁川广域市">仁川广域市</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">인천광역시</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B4%9E%E5%8D%80" title="南洞區">南洞區</a> </td> <td>2,937,440 </td> <td>958 </td> <td>8區2郡 </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">경기도</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%8E%9F%E5%B8%82" title="水原市">水原市</a> </td> <td>13,512,867 </td> <td>10,136 </td> <td>27市4郡13區 </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">忠清 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%A0%E6%B8%85%E5%8C%97%E9%81%93" title="忠清北道">忠清北道</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">충청북도</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="清州市">清州市</a> </td> <td>1,597,501 </td> <td>7,433 </td> <td>3市8郡2區 </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%A0%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%97%E9%81%93" title="忠清南道">忠清南道</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">충청남도</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E5%9F%8E%E9%83%A1" title="洪城郡">洪城郡</a> </td> <td>2,118,205 </td> <td>8,590 </td> <td>6市9郡 </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E5%AE%97%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" title="世宗特別自治市">世宗特别自治市</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">세종특별자치시</span> </td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="扞率洞" data-lang-code="ko" data-lang-name="朝鲜语" data-foreign-title="한솔동"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%9E%E7%8E%87%E6%B4%9E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="扞率洞(页面不存在)">扞率洞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">朝鲜语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EC%86%94%EB%8F%99" class="extiw" title="ko:한솔동"><span lang="ko" dir="auto">한솔동</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span> </td> <td>364,364 </td> <td>465 </td> <td>無 </td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%94%B0%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="大田廣域市">大田广域市</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">대전광역시</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8C%BA_(%E5%A4%A7%E7%94%B0)" class="mw-redirect" title="中区 (大田)">中區</a> </td> <td>1,455,300 </td> <td>540 </td> <td>5區 </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5">慶尚 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%B6%E5%B0%9A%E5%8C%97%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="慶尚北道">慶尚北道</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">경상북도</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%9C%E5%B8%82" title="安东市">安東市</a> </td> <td>2,631,649 </td> <td>19,021 </td> <td>10市13郡2區 </td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%B6%E5%B0%9A%E5%8D%97%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="慶尚南道">慶尚南道</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">경상남도</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E5%8E%9F%E5%B8%82" title="昌原市">昌原市</a> </td> <td>3,324,735 </td> <td>10,518 </td> <td>10市10郡2區 </td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%82%B1%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="大邱广域市">大邱广域市</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">대구광역시</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8C%BA_(%E5%A4%A7%E9%82%B1)" class="mw-redirect" title="中区 (大邱)">中區</a> </td> <td>2,395,749 </td> <td>886 </td> <td>7區1郡 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%9A%E5%B1%B1%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="蔚山广域市">蔚山广域市</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">울산광역시</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8D%80_(%E8%94%9A%E5%B1%B1)" class="mw-redirect" title="南區 (蔚山)">南區</a> </td> <td>1,125,727 </td> <td>1,056 </td> <td>4區1郡 </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="釜山广域市">釜山广域市</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">부산광역시</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E5%A0%A4%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="蓮堤區">蓮堤區</a> </td> <td>3,361,781 </td> <td>886 </td> <td>15區1郡 </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">全羅 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%8C%97%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%81%93" title="全北特別自治道">全北特別自治道</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">전북특별자치도</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="全州市">全州市</a> </td> <td>1,793,902 </td> <td>8,047 </td> <td>6市8郡2區 </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%BE%85%E5%8D%97%E9%81%93" title="全羅南道">全羅南道</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">전라남도</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%99%E5%AE%89%E9%83%A1" title="務安郡">务安郡</a> </td> <td>1,839,698 </td> <td>11,956 </td> <td>5市17郡 </td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B7%9E%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="光州广域市">光州广域市</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">광주광역시</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%BA_(%E5%85%89%E5%B7%9E)" class="mw-redirect" title="西区 (光州)">西區</a> </td> <td>1,442,482 </td> <td>501 </td> <td>5區 </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>濟州 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%B7%9E%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%81%93" title="濟州特別自治道">濟州特別自治道</a> </td> <td><span lang="ko">제주특별자치도</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="濟州市">濟州市</a> </td> <td>675,876 </td> <td>1,846 </td> <td>2市 </td> <td>16 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="经济"><span id=".E7.BB.8F.E6.B5.8E"></span>经济</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="编辑章节:经济"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="韓國經濟">韓國經濟</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%B1%9F%E5%A5%87%E8%BF%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="汉江奇迹">汉江奇迹</a></div> <p>韩国是<a href="/wiki/20%E5%9B%BD%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="20国集团">20国集团</a>成员之一的世界主要经济体,是拥有完善<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="市场经济">市场经济</a>制度的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="经济合作与发展组织">经合组织</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E8%BE%BE%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="发达国家">发达国家</a>。其<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="国内生产总值">国内生产总值</a>按国际汇率计算在世界排名第11,按<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%B0%8D%E8%B3%BC%E8%B2%B7%E5%8A%9B%E6%8C%87%E6%A8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="相對購買力指標">相对购买力指标</a>计算世界排名第13。韩国是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E5%9B%9B%E5%B0%8F%E9%BE%99" title="亚洲四小龙">亚洲四小龙</a>之一,也是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A511%E5%9B%BD" title="未来11国">未来11国</a>中唯一一个发达国家<sup id="cite_ref-马岩_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-马岩-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。国际贸易在韩国GDP占有很大的比重,是<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%87%BA%E5%8F%A3%E9%A2%9D%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国出口额列表">世界第7大出口国</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E8%BF%9B%E5%8F%A3%E9%A2%9D%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国进口额列表">第7大进口国</a>。自2002年10月与<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9" title="智利">智利</a>签署了首个自由贸易协定后<sup id="cite_ref-当代_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-当代-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>270</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-申东镇_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-申东镇-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>216</span></sup>,韩国目前已经先后与美国(<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E7%BE%8E%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="韩美自由贸易协定">韩美自由贸易协定</a>)、欧盟(<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%AC%A7%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="韩欧自由贸易协定">韩欧自由贸易协定</a>)、加拿大(<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="韩加自由贸易协定" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Canada–South Korea Free Trade Agreement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%A9%E5%8A%A0%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="韩加自由贸易协定(页面不存在)">韩加自由贸易协定</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93South_Korea_Free_Trade_Agreement" class="extiw" title="en:Canada–South Korea Free Trade Agreement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Canada–South Korea Free Trade Agreement</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span>)、中国(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9F%A9%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E5%8C%BA" title="中韩自由贸易区">中韩自贸协定</a>)等世界主要国家和经济体签订了自由贸易协定<sup id="cite_ref-申东镇_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-申东镇-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>216-220</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-年报_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-年报-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>98-102</span></sup>。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1_ansan_mountain_night_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1_ansan_mountain_night_2018.jpg/200px-1_ansan_mountain_night_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1_ansan_mountain_night_2018.jpg/300px-1_ansan_mountain_night_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1_ansan_mountain_night_2018.jpg/400px-1_ansan_mountain_night_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7952" data-file-height="5304" /></a><figcaption>2010年代的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="首爾">首爾</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国经济">韩国经济</a>的腾飞被称为“<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%B1%9F%E5%A5%87%E8%B9%9F" title="漢江奇蹟">漢江奇蹟</a>”。1953年,韓國<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A2%E7%B8%BD%E5%80%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="國民生產總值">人均GNP</a>只有67<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%83" title="美元">美元</a>,到2007年达到20045美元成为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E8%BE%BE%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="发达国家">发达国家</a>,增長了298倍<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>97</span></sup>。韩国在经济发展上所取得的成就在当初<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="朝鲜战争">朝鲜战争</a>结束时是不可想象的。韩国的基础建设在朝鲜战争中已被摧毁,百万计的韩国人当时在贫困和失业之中挣扎<sup id="cite_ref-马岩_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-马岩-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。1963年,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%AD%A3%E7%86%99" title="朴正熙">朴正熙</a>掌权后将发展经济列为头等大事,按照韩国国情开展<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="韩国经济开发五年计划">韩国经济开发五年计划</a><sup id="cite_ref-马岩_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-马岩-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。朴正熙在当时提出的“对待工人要像对待家人一样,做工厂的工作要像做自己的事一样”的口号<sup id="cite_ref-具海根_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-具海根-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,成为当时韩国人的精神力量,使得韩国工人以当时美国工人十分之一的成本创造出美国工人2.5倍生产率<sup id="cite_ref-cumings_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cumings-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。20世纪60年代到70年代初,韩国主要发展劳动密集型产业和基础设施建设;70年代中期到80年代则是发展 <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="重工业">重工业</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E5%B7%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="军工">军工</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="化学工业">化学工业</a>等资本密集型产业<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>43-46</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>98-101</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/1997%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E9%A2%A8%E6%9A%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="1997年亞洲金融風暴">1997年亚洲金融风暴</a>袭击韩国。韩国外汇储备锐减到39亿美元<sup id="cite_ref-当代_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-当代-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>197</span></sup>。汉江奇迹创造的财富大幅缩水。韩国财阀外向型发展模式的弊端也突现出来<sup id="cite_ref-刘洪钟_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-刘洪钟-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>1-2</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-当代_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-当代-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>206-207</span></sup>。许多数人将1997年当作是汉江奇蹟的结束。1998年2月,<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%AD" title="金大中">金大中</a>续<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%B3%B3%E4%B8%89" title="金泳三">金泳三</a>执掌韩国政权后,积极应对金融危机,开展了企业、金融、公共事业和劳动保障四个领域的改革<sup id="cite_ref-朴昌根_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-朴昌根-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>337</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-刘洪钟_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-刘洪钟-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>161</span></sup>。韩国经济在1998年缩水7%之后,在1999年迅速增长9.5%<sup id="cite_ref-当代_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-当代-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>198</span></sup>。2001年8月15日,韩国的外汇储备已由危机时的39亿美元恢复到978亿美元,外汇储备量世界第五<sup id="cite_ref-当代_47-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-当代-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>197</span></sup>。金大中的改革同时也使韩国经济从低级产品出口型经济转变成信息高科技型经济<sup id="cite_ref-执政党_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-执政党-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>255</span></sup>。 </p><p>2008年,由美国次贷危机引发的<a href="/wiki/2007%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%932008%E5%B9%B4%E7%92%B0%E7%90%83%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="2007年–2008年環球金融危機">全球金融危机</a>袭击韩国。韓國一度被認為可能步<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="冰島">冰島</a>後塵,成為第二個破產的國家<sup id="cite_ref-詹小洪_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-詹小洪-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。但不到一年,局勢就反轉,韓國竟成為<a href="/wiki/OECD" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a>的30個會員國中,復甦最快的國家。2009年,在大多数发达国家经济呈现负增长的情况下,韩国经济实现了0.2%的正增长<sup id="cite_ref-詹小洪_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-詹小洪-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2010年,韩国<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="国内生产总值">国内生产总值</a>增长6.1%,时隔3年重新突破1万亿美元大关,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%9D%87GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="人均GDP">人均GDP</a>时隔3年后重新超过2万美元,外汇储备达2915.7亿美元,外汇储量世界第六<sup id="cite_ref-詹小洪_55-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-詹小洪-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="金融"><span id=".E9.87.91.E8.9E.8D"></span>金融</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="编辑章节:金融"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国银行列表">韩国银行列表</a></div> <p>韩国的金融业由韩国的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" title="中央银行">中央银行</a>以及银行和非银行金融机构构成<sup id="cite_ref-张晓轩_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-张晓轩-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>14</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" title="韩国银行">韩国银行</a>作为中央银行负责执行韩国<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="货币政策">货币政策</a>并发行韩国流通货币<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9C%86" class="mw-redirect" title="韩圆">韩圆</a><sup id="cite_ref-张晓轩_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-张晓轩-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>63</span></sup>。除韩国银行外,韩国还有数个政策性银行比如<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%9A%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="产业银行">产业银行</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B0%8F%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" title="中小企業銀行">中小企業銀行</a>、水产协会银行等。韩国的主要全国性商业银行包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" title="韩亚银行">韩亚银行</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="国民银行">国民银行</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8B%E5%88%A9%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" title="友利銀行">友利银行</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%9F%93%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" title="新韓銀行">新韩银行</a>等<sup id="cite_ref-张晓轩_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-张晓轩-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>140-164</span></sup>。其中新韩银行创立于1897年,是韩国历史上第一家商业银行<sup id="cite_ref-bank_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bank-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,而目前国民银行是韩国最大的银行<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sungryemun_of_seoul.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Sungryemun_of_seoul.jpg/200px-Sungryemun_of_seoul.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Sungryemun_of_seoul.jpg/300px-Sungryemun_of_seoul.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Sungryemun_of_seoul.jpg/400px-Sungryemun_of_seoul.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption>成立于1897年的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%9F%93%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" title="新韓銀行">新韩银行</a>是韩国历史上的第一家民间银行,总部位于韩国首尔南大门旁边</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80" title="韩国交易所">韩国交易所</a>(简称<b>KRX</b>)是韩国唯一的证券交易所,总部设在韩国<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="釜山广域市">釜山广域市</a>,2005年1月由原<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%AF%81%E5%88%B8%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国证券交易所">韩国证券交易所</a>(KSE)、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%9F%E8%B4%A7%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80" title="韩国期货交易所">韩国期货交易所</a>(KOFEX)和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%9B%E4%B8%9A%E6%9D%BF%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国创业板市场">韩国创业板市场</a>(<a href="/wiki/KOSDAQ" class="mw-redirect" title="KOSDAQ">KOSDAQ</a>)合并而成,其主要指数为<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%B7%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国综合股价指数">韩国综合股价指数</a><sup id="cite_ref-周寅_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-周寅-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国交易所的证券<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9F%E8%B4%A7" title="期货">期货</a>及其它衍生产品交易量位居世界首位<sup id="cite_ref-周寅_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-周寅-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2010年,韩国交易所衍生产品合约交易量为37.52亿手,占全世界交易量的16.8%<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。据<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="世界交易所联盟">世界交易所联盟</a>2008年的统计,韩国创业板市场<a href="/wiki/KOSDAQ" class="mw-redirect" title="KOSDAQ">KOSDAQ</a>的成交量及换手率仅次于美国<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF%E8%BE%BE%E5%85%8B" title="纳斯达克">纳斯达克</a>,其上市公司总市值位居世界第四<sup id="cite_ref-周寅_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-周寅-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="交通"><span id=".E4.BA.A4.E9.80.9A"></span>交通</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="编辑章节:交通"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" title="韩国交通">韩国交通</a></div> <p>韩国从1967年开始兴建高速公路,连接<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="首尔">首尔</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="仁川">仁川</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="釜山">釜山</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E4%BB%81%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="京仁高速公路">京仁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E9%87%9C%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="京釜高速公路">京釜高速公路</a>使韩国进入“高速公路时代”。经过几十年的建设,韩国目前已经建成纵横全国的高速公路网络“一日生活圈”。韩国国民可以通过高速公路在一天之内到达韩国任何一个城市<sup id="cite_ref-bzcm_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bzcm-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。目前韩国有高速公路32条,总长4,044公里,国道51条,总长13,432公里<sup id="cite_ref-MOLIT_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MOLIT-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>截至2012年9月底,韩国铁路系统共有90条铁路线,总运行长度为3,569.5公里,其中复线1,904.4公里,电气化铁路2,385.2公里<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。连接韩国主要城市的铁路运输由<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%90%B5%E9%81%93%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" title="韓國鐵道公社">韩国鐵道公社</a>运营<sup id="cite_ref-手册_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-手册-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>438</span></sup>。2004年,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E9%87%9C%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E7%B7%9A" title="京釜高速線">京釜高速线</a>的开通开始了韩国的高速铁路时代。继日本、法国、德国和西班牙之后韩国成为世界上第5个拥有高速铁路的国家<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>247</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-林敬淳_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-林敬淳-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>125</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%93%81%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国高速铁道">韩国高速铁道</a>(KTX)是韩国高速铁路系统的运营商。韩国高铁设定时速为每小时350公里,实际运行速度最高可达每小时300公里。从首尔至釜山乘韩国高铁仅需2小时40分。韩国高铁将高速公路形成的“一日生活圈”变成了“半日生活圈”,即半日内可到达韩国主要地区<sup id="cite_ref-林钟_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-林钟-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-曹世功_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-曹世功-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korail_KTX-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Korail_KTX-2.jpg/200px-Korail_KTX-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Korail_KTX-2.jpg/300px-Korail_KTX-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Korail_KTX-2.jpg/400px-Korail_KTX-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2250" /></a><figcaption>韩国<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3Rotem" title="現代Rotem">现代Rotem</a>生产的<a href="/wiki/KTX-II" class="mw-redirect" title="KTX-II">KTX-II</a>高铁最高时速可达350公里/小时</figcaption></figure> <p>韩国的主要港口包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="釜山市">釜山港</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="仁川市">仁川港</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A4%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="群山市">群山港</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="马山市">马山港</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%B5%A6%E5%B8%82" title="木浦市">木浦港</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%A6%E9%A1%B9%E5%B8%82" title="浦项市">浦项港</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" title="東海市 (韓國)">东海港</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%9A%E5%B1%B1%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="蔚山广域市">蔚山港</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BD%E6%B0%B4%E5%B8%82_(%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD)" class="mw-redirect" title="丽水市 (韩国)">丽水港</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="济州市">济州港</a><sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>68</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>144</span></sup>。釜山港为韩国最大港口。1986年,釜山港开始躋身全球十大集装箱港口。2000年开始,釜山港曾连续3年稳坐全球第三大集装箱港的地位,后逐渐滑落至第五大集装箱港<sup id="cite_ref-发展历程_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-发展历程-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。仁川港是韩国第二大港,也是韩国西海岸最大港口。光阳港是韩国第二大集装箱港。位于韩国东南部的蔚山港是韩国最大的油类货物进出口港<sup id="cite_ref-赵楠_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵楠-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2001年建成的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%B7%9D%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="仁川国际机场">仁川国际机场</a>是韩国最大的机场,2014年旅客吞吐量为4,491万人次<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国其它的国际空港包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="金海国际机场">金海国际机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%B7%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="濟州國際機場">济州国际机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%82%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="大邱國際機場">大邱国际机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B7%9E%E5%8A%A1%E5%AE%89%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="光州务安国际机场">光州务安国际机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B7%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="清州國際機場">清州国际机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%84%E9%98%B3%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="襄阳国际机场">襄阳国际机场</a>等。国内航线主要机场包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%9A%E5%B1%B1%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="蔚山機場">蔚山机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%97%E6%B0%B4%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" title="麗水機場 (韓國)">丽水机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%B5%A6%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="木浦機場">木浦机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%97%E5%B7%9D%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="泗川機場">泗川机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%A6%E9%A0%85%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="浦項機場">浦项机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A4%E5%B1%B1%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="群山機場">群山机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%B7%9E%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="原州機場">原州机场</a>等。<sup id="cite_ref-林敬淳_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-林敬淳-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>246</span></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="大韩航空">大韩航空</a>成立于1962年,是韩国最大的,也是亚洲最具规模的航空公司之一,“天合联盟”航空联盟的创始成员之一<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国的第二家航空公司是<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E4%BA%9A%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="韩亚航空">韩亚航空</a>,成立于1988年,开设有韩国国内和国际航班。韩国的航空公司一共运营297条国际航线<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国其它的航空公司比如<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%B7%9E%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="濟州航空">济州航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="釜山航空">釜山航空</a>等以提供韩国国内航线为主,价格相比也稍低<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="能源"><span id=".E8.83.BD.E6.BA.90"></span>能源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="编辑章节:能源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%A0%B8%E8%83%BD" title="韩国核能">韩国核能</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kori_NPP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Kori_NPP.jpg/300px-Kori_NPP.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Kori_NPP.jpg/450px-Kori_NPP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Kori_NPP.jpg/600px-Kori_NPP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2552" data-file-height="897" /></a><figcaption>韩国古里核电站</figcaption></figure> <p>韩国是能源消费大国,占世界能源消费的2.1%,居第八位<sup id="cite_ref-能源_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-能源-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国95%的电力都由<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" title="韓國電力公社">韩国电力公社</a>供应,主要是<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%82" class="mw-redirect" title="火电厂">火力发电</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%82" title="核电厂">核电</a><sup id="cite_ref-杨雅洁_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-杨雅洁-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2012年韩国能源消费中<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A4%E7%82%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="煤炭">煤炭</a>占28%,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E6%B2%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="原油">原油</a>41%,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%94" title="天然气">天然气</a>17%,<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B" title="核動力">核能</a>12%,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="可再生能源">可再生能源</a>1%<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。由于能源资源匮乏,韩国97%的能源消费依赖进口<sup id="cite_ref-魏蔚_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-魏蔚-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国是世界第二大<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E5%8C%96%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%94" title="液化天然气">液化天然气</a>进口国<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>和第二大煤炭进口国<sup id="cite_ref-能源_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-能源-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油">石油</a>消费居世界第七位。2007年人年均石油消费16桶,居世界第五位<sup id="cite_ref-能源_74-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-能源-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国有很大规模的<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%89%E6%B2%B9%E5%BB%A0" title="煉油廠">原油加工工业</a>,但由於韩国境内目前没有勘测到<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B9%E7%94%B0" title="油田">油田</a>的存在,所有原油都需进口,所以是世界第四大石油进口国<sup id="cite_ref-能源_74-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-能源-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩国很重视<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%A0%B8%E8%83%BD" title="韩国核能">核能</a>的发展,是世界第五大<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="核电">核电</a>生产国<sup id="cite_ref-魏蔚_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-魏蔚-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国目前拥有23个<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94%E5%A0%86" title="核反应堆">核反应堆</a>,总共十亿瓦电功率的装机容量。这是韩国全国电力装机容量的22%。韩国政府计划到2035年将核电的装机容量增加到全国电力装机容量的29%<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩国也很重视<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" class="mw-redirect" title="新能源">新能源</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="可再生能源">可再生能源</a>的发展。早在1987年<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">韩国国会</a>就制定了《新能源和可再生能源发展促进法》。2009年7月,韩国公布《绿色增长国家战略及五年计划》,明确了发展绿色产业 ,应对气候变化和能源自立等战略,使韩国在2020年底成为全球七大“绿色大国”,2050年跻身全球五大“绿色强国”之一。此外 ,韩国还公布了《新增长动力规划及发展战略》和《绿色能源技术开发战略路线图》<sup id="cite_ref-魏蔚_77-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-魏蔚-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="通信"><span id=".E9.80.9A.E4.BF.A1"></span>通信</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="编辑章节:通信"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Galaxy_Fold_-_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Galaxy_Fold_-_1.jpg/200px-Galaxy_Fold_-_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Galaxy_Fold_-_1.jpg/300px-Galaxy_Fold_-_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Galaxy_Fold_-_1.jpg/400px-Galaxy_Fold_-_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="2999" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="三星集团">三星集团</a>旗下的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="三星电子">三星电子</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="最大的信息技术公司列表">全球最大的信息技术公司</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-sx_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sx-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>朝鮮半島历史上最早的现代通信设施是1885年9月28日投入使用的连接<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="首尔">首尔</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="仁川">仁川</a>的一条长30公里的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%A5" title="电报">电报</a>线。1896年,朝鲜王宫安装韩国第一批<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="电话">电话</a>。民用电话在1902年开始引入朝鮮半島。1924年,首尔和<a href="/wiki/%E7%80%8B%E9%99%BD%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="瀋陽市 (中華民國)">沈阳</a>开通国际长途电话。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>145</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-手册_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-手册-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>441</span></sup> </p><p>20世纪60年代初,随着<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" class="mw-redirect" title="经济开发五年计划">经济开发五年计划</a>的实施,韩国开始设计比较完备的现代通信基础设施前景。20世纪80年代以前,电信作为社会基础设施的重要作用并没有被人充分认识,韩国在电信方面的投资也很少。1979年底,韩国全国仅有24万个电话用户,每100人只有6.3部电话,打电话要排长队。大部分的国内外<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%80%94%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="长途电话">长途电话</a>都需要通过<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="总机">总机</a>转接。进入80年代后,韩国的电信业开始得到长足的发展。1982年1月1日,韩国通过公共合作的形式成立<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国电信">韩国电信公社</a>(KT),从通信部接管的电报、电话业务。与此同时,韩国还设立韩国数据通信公司,并修改相关电信领域的法律、法规。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>145</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-手册_64-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-手册-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>442</span></sup> </p><p>在1982年开始的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" class="mw-redirect" title="经济开发五年计划">经济开发五年计划</a>中,韩国加大对电信领域的投资,使韩国<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E7%B7%9A" title="電話線">电话线路</a>达到754万条,用户达652万,每100人拥有电话的数量增加到16部。使用电磁或电子交换系统的自动电话占到总电话线路的96.6%。为纪念1885至1985年韩国电信事业100周年,韩国在1985年建成全国公用数据电信网络<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>145</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-手册_64-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-手册-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>443</span></sup>。1986年,韩国成为世界第十个开发出TDX-1电子交换系统的国家。利用这项技术,韩国每年可增加100万条电话线路。1987年,韩国的电话线路已经超过1,000万条,使每户都有一部电话。国际直拨服务也在1987年开通。2000年,韩国电话线路增加到2,900万条,每100人拥有电话的数量上升到58部<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>145</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-手册_64-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-手册-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>443</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>69</span></sup>。 </p><p>自1984年开通<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="移动通信">移动通信</a>业务以来,韩国移动电话用户的数量在不断增长。2001年4月,韩国开展商用<a href="/wiki/CDMA" class="mw-redirect" title="CDMA">CDMA</a>业务,使<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="多媒体">多媒体</a>在移动通信上得到应用。2002年5月,韩国开展<a href="/wiki/3G" title="3G">3G</a>移动通信业务。2001-2004年,韩国移动电话用户的数量从2,906万爆炸式地增长到3,658万,几乎每个12岁以上的人都拥有一部<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="手机">手机</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>145</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>69</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="制造业"><span id=".E5.88.B6.E9.80.A0.E4.B8.9A"></span>制造业</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="编辑章节:制造业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="韩国汽车工业">韩国汽车工业</a></div> <p>韩国制造业作为韩国经济的主导产业经历了1962-1971年的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%8A%9B%E5%AF%86%E9%9B%86%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD" title="勞力密集工業">劳动密集型产业</a>,1972-1981年的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E5%AF%86%E9%9B%86%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="资本密集工業">资本密集型重化工业</a>,1982-1991年的技术密集型产业和目前的知识密集型产业的结构转换与升级。韩国在<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A2%E9%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="钢铁">钢铁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A0%E8%88%B9" title="造船">造船</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6" title="汽车">汽车</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="半导体">半导体</a>及数码产品等制造业有着很强的国际竞争力,多数产品拥有自主品牌,在国际产业链中的地位在不断提高。<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>钢铁工业在过去的半个世纪中,为<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国经济">韩国经济</a>的腾飞做出了巨大贡献<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>46-47</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>113</span></sup>。韩国目前人均钢铁消费量居世界第一位<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。从1980年代后期到1997年<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="亚洲金融危机">亚洲金融危机</a>,韩国的钢铁工业主要是生产棒型钢、钢筋、线材等低附加值产品。进入二十一世纪后,韩国钢铁企业致力于发展新技术,船用钢板、汽车用钢板等高附加值产品增长加快,低附加值产品开始出现负增长<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>46-47</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>113</span></sup>。韩国主要的钢铁生产商有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%A6%E9%A1%B9%E9%92%A2%E9%93%81" title="浦项钢铁">浦项钢铁</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="现代钢铁" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hyundai Steel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E9%92%A2%E9%93%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="现代钢铁(页面不存在)">现代钢铁</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyundai_Steel" class="extiw" title="en:Hyundai Steel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hyundai Steel</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%B6%E9%92%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="东国制钢">东国制钢</a>等,其中浦项钢铁是世界上最大的钢铁企业之一,也是全球最具竞争力的钢铁制造商<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyundai_kona_front-side.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Hyundai_kona_front-side.jpg/200px-Hyundai_kona_front-side.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Hyundai_kona_front-side.jpg/300px-Hyundai_kona_front-side.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Hyundai_kona_front-side.jpg/400px-Hyundai_kona_front-side.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2352" data-file-height="1568" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="现代汽车">现代汽车</a>生产的SUV <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Hyundai Kona" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hyundai Kona"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyundai_Kona&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyundai Kona(页面不存在)">Hyundai Kona</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyundai_Kona" class="extiw" title="en:Hyundai Kona"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hyundai Kona</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></figcaption></figure> <p>韩国是世界<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A0%E8%88%B9" title="造船">造船</a>强国,很长一段时间也是世界第一大造船国<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。全球船厂前十强中韩国占有七席,包揽前六位<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,其中<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E9%87%8D%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="现代重工业">现代重工</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E9%87%8D%E5%B7%A5" title="三星重工">三星重工</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AE%87%E9%80%A0%E8%88%B9%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E6%A0%AA%E5%BC%8F%E6%9C%83%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="大宇造船海洋株式會社">大宇造船海洋株式会社</a>和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="STX造船海洋" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="STX Offshore &amp; Shipbuilding"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=STX%E9%80%A0%E8%88%B9%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="STX造船海洋(页面不存在)">STX造船海洋</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STX_Offshore_%26_Shipbuilding" class="extiw" title="en:STX Offshore &amp; Shipbuilding"><span lang="en" dir="auto">STX Offshore &amp; Shipbuilding</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span>是世界前四大造船厂<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国在建造高附加值船舶方面有显著优势。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E5%8C%96%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%A3%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8%E8%88%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="液化天然氣運輸船">液化天然气运输船</a>是现代重工业的长项;在海洋勘探船方面,三星重工业则独占鳌头,占有世界市场60%的份额;大宇造船海洋株式会社是世界大型油船的主要生产商,世界约有10%的大型油船由大宇公司出产<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2007年5月,韩国独自建造出第一艘<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%99%E6%96%AF%E7%9B%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="宙斯盾">宙斯盾</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E8%88%B0" title="驱逐舰">驱逐舰</a>“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E5%AE%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B%E7%B4%9A%E9%A9%85%E9%80%90%E8%89%A6" title="世宗大王級驅逐艦">世宗大王级驱逐舰</a>”,使韩国成为继美国、日本、西班牙、挪威之后,世界上第五个拥有宙斯盾驱逐舰的国家<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>汽车制造业是韩国另一个支柱产业。2014年,韩国汽车产量为452万辆,占全球汽车总产量的5%。自2005年以来,韩国已经起连续10年蝉联世界第五大汽车生产国<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%B7%E4%BA%9A%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="现代起亚汽车集团">现代起亚汽车集团</a>是韩国最大,世界第三大汽车生产商<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国汽车是世界汽车制造业的后起之秀,<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="现代汽车">现代汽车</a>从1975年推出自己设计的第一款汽车到全球累计销售5000万辆的业绩只用了38年,而<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B0%E7%94%B0%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6" title="丰田汽车">丰田</a>达到这一数字用了超过50年的时间<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。汽车配件产业在韩国也頗具规模。2012年韩国三大轮胎制造商<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%B3%B0%E8%BD%AE%E8%83%8E" title="韩泰轮胎">韩泰轮胎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A6%E6%B9%96%E8%BD%AE%E8%83%8E" title="锦湖轮胎">锦湖轮胎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%90%E5%85%8B%E6%A3%AE%E8%BC%AA%E8%83%8E" title="耐克森輪胎">耐克森轮胎</a>在全球轮胎75强排名中分别列第8、第11和第23位<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩国是世界电子产品的佼佼者,<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98" class="mw-disambig" title="内存">内存</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E6%99%B6%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E5%99%A8" title="液晶显示器">液晶显示器</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%89%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E5%B1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="等离子显示屏">等离子显示屏</a>等平面显示装置和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="移动电话">移动电话</a>都在世界市场中具领导地位。世界知名的韩国电子产品制造商有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="三星集团">三星</a>、<a href="/wiki/LG%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="LG集团">LG</a>、<a href="/wiki/SK%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="SK集团">SK</a>等,其中三星是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="最大的信息技术公司列表">全球最大的信息技术公司</a><sup id="cite_ref-sx_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sx-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="农业"><span id=".E5.86.9C.E4.B8.9A"></span>农业</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="编辑章节:农业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A" title="韩国农业">韩国农业</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg/200px-Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg/300px-Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg/400px-Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%B6%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="慶州市">庆州</a>的农田</figcaption></figure> <p>韩国<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A" title="农业">农业</a>资源禀赋非常稀缺,现有<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%95%E5%9C%B0" title="耕地">耕地</a>面积1835.6千公顷(18.4%是农耕地)<sup id="cite_ref-山东_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-山东-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,是世界人均耕地面积最少的国家之一<sup id="cite_ref-方向_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-方向-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国农产品因此较多依赖国外进口。除了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="大米">大米</a>和薯类能基本自给外,其他粮食85%需要进口。另外韩国60%以上的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89" title="牛肉">牛肉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%BC" title="鱼">鱼</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="贝类">贝类</a>,20%<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%9E%9C" title="水果">水果</a>、禽肉和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3" title="乳">奶</a>都需要从国外进口,只有<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E7%B3%96" class="mw-redirect" title="砂糖">砂糖</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="蛋">蛋</a>可以完全自给<sup id="cite_ref-山东_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-山东-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A" title="韩国农业">韩国农业</a>以小规模家庭经营为主<sup id="cite_ref-方向_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-方向-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。随着<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="韓國經濟">韩国经济</a>的飞速发展,农业在韩国<a href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</a>的比重不断快速下降。1970年农业在GDP的比重为20.7%,而到2004年这一比例就已经下降到4.0%<sup id="cite_ref-山东_93-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-山东-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%8C%96" title="城市化">城市化</a>发展速度很快,<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A" title="农业">农业</a>劳动力流失和老龄化问题严重。1970至2000年间,韩国农业就业人口比例由50%降到了8.5%<sup id="cite_ref-三农_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-三农-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>6-8</span></sup>。韩国农民的收入水平较高,人均年收入1.35万美元(2005年)。城乡收入差距小,农民与城市居民收入的比例是0.84:1<sup id="cite_ref-山东_93-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-山东-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩国农业生产结构中<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8D%E6%A4%8D%E4%B8%9A" title="种植业">种植业</a>特别是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="大米">大米</a>的比例较高,而<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%9C%E7%89%A7%E4%B8%9A" title="畜牧业">畜牧业</a>等的比重小。不过<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%AE%E9%A3%9F" title="粮食">粮食</a>作物的面积有减少的趋势,高附加值作物、<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%AC%E8%8F%9C" title="蔬菜">蔬菜</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%9E%9C" title="水果">水果</a>的面积在种植业中的比重在增加高经济附加值的作物<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD%E5%8F%82" class="mw-redirect" title="高丽参">高丽参</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%9D%E9%BA%BB" title="芝麻">芝麻</a>占韩国农业生产的1.6%<sup id="cite_ref-山东_93-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-山东-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-方向_94-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-方向-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩国政府对农业一直采取保护扶植政策,农业补贴占韩国GDP的4.7%,居世界前列。韩国在<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E7%94%A2%E5%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="農產品">农产品</a>贸易上实行<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="进口许可制" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Import quota"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%9B%E5%8F%A3%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF%E5%88%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="进口许可制(页面不存在)">许可制</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Import_quota" class="extiw" title="en:Import quota"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Import quota</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span>和高<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E7%A8%8E" title="关税">关税</a>制以保护本国农业发展。韩国的农产品价格比国际农产品价格平均高2.85倍。不过在全球贸易自由化的进程中,韩国也不得不逐步开放农业市场。这使得相应的国内生产大幅度地减少。韩国农民经常组织游行示威反对开放农产品市场。此外,作为农民合作组织的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國農業協會">韓國農業協會</a>还宣扬“<a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E5%9C%9F%E4%B8%8D%E4%BA%8C" title="身土不二">身土不二</a>”的理念,劝诫韩国人要吃本国米、果蔬和肉类等,以抵制外国农产品。<sup id="cite_ref-陶文昭_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-陶文昭-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="科技"><span id=".E7.A7.91.E6.8A.80"></span>科技</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="编辑章节:科技"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="韩国科技">韩国科技</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Samsung_DDR2_RAM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Samsung_DDR2_RAM.jpg/200px-Samsung_DDR2_RAM.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Samsung_DDR2_RAM.jpg/300px-Samsung_DDR2_RAM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Samsung_DDR2_RAM.jpg/400px-Samsung_DDR2_RAM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="346" /></a><figcaption>韩国三星电子是世界最大的储式半导体生产商</figcaption></figure> <p>20世纪60年代,韩国开始倡导“科技立国”,1966年成立了首个综合性科研机构<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2" title="韩国科学技术研究院">韩国科学技术研究院</a>。经过对本国科技的培育与扶植,20世纪80年代,韩国实现了从技术引进到技术创新的跨越<sup id="cite_ref-报告_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-报告-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>1-2</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-发展_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-发展-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>47</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-模式_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-模式-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>3-6</span></sup>。1997年,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E9%A3%8E%E6%9A%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="亚洲金融风暴">亚洲金融风暴</a>冲击<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国经济">韩国经济</a>。执政的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%AD" title="金大中">金大中</a>政府为应对危机,将发展高科技信息产业确定为国家战略。2003年,韩国开始实施“第二次科技立国”战略<sup id="cite_ref-发展_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-发展-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>21</span></sup>。2006年,韩国已经在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="半导体">半导体</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="手机">手机</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E6%99%B6%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E5%99%A8" title="液晶显示器">液晶显示器</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91" title="互联网">互联网</a>普及率和<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A0%E8%88%B9" title="造船">造船</a>业的竞争力在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="国际管理学院">IMD</a>科技竞争力排名中世界第一,技术竞争力世界第六,科学竞争力世界第7<sup id="cite_ref-模式_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-模式-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>4</span></sup>。在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%8D%9A%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="彭博社">彭博社</a>《2015年全球创新力排名》以及世界知识产权组织、康奈尔大学和英士国际商学院联合发布的《2015年环球创新指数排名》中,韩国分別位居榜首和第十一位<sup id="cite_ref-科_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-科-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WIPO_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WIPO-101"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>20世纪90年代,韩国开始成为世界<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="半导体">半导体</a>存储技术的领跑者,半导体也开始发展成为韩国最具竞争力和主导产业之一<sup id="cite_ref-模式_99-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-模式-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>156</span></sup>。1994年、1996年和2001年,韩国分别在世界上率先研发出256M、1G和4G的<a href="/wiki/DRAM" class="mw-redirect" title="DRAM">DRAM</a><sup id="cite_ref-模式_99-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-模式-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>155-156</span></sup>。2014年四季度,韩国在世界半导体DRAM市场的份额超过了70%,创下历史新高。韩国<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="三星电子">三星电子</a>和<a href="/wiki/SK%E6%B5%B7%E5%8A%9B%E5%A3%AB" title="SK海力士">SK海力士</a>是目前世界最大的两个DRAM生产商<sup id="cite_ref-ram_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ram-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2015年,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="三星电子">三星电子</a>又在世界率先开发出256GB V-Nand半导体<sup id="cite_ref-Nand_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nand-103"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩国是世界核能的后起之秀。2007年,韩国成为世界上第三个具备自行研发<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E4%BB%A3%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="第三代核电技术">第三代核电技术</a>的国家<sup id="cite_ref-star_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-star-104"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%A0%B8%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國核電">韩国核电</a>一直保持着很高的运行效率,核电厂容量因子、平均功率损失率、非计划停堆率等指标世界领先<sup id="cite_ref-崔娜_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-崔娜-105"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2009年底,韩国力压<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>等世界老牌核电出口国,成功赢得<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%81%94%E9%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="阿联酋">阿联酋</a>价值200亿美元的四座<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%BB%E6%B0%B4%E6%A0%B8%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94%E5%A0%86" class="mw-redirect" title="轻水核反应堆">轻水核反应堆</a>核电站建设合同,成为世界上第六个核电站出口国<sup id="cite_ref-六核_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-六核-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。此外,韩国还致力于发展比<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%A3%82%E5%8F%98" title="核裂变">核裂变</a>能量更大,而且近乎零污染的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%81%9A%E5%8F%98" title="核聚变">核聚变</a>发电技术。1995年,韩国投资3090亿韩圆(25亿人民币)建造了世界上首一个采用新型超导磁体材料产生<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="磁场">磁场</a>的全超导聚变装置<a href="/wiki/KSTAR" title="KSTAR">KSTAR</a>。2010年11月8日,KSTAR首次成功实现了等离子体约束状态的H模式。这是世界首次用超导热核实验装置实现H模式,对<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%83%AD%E6%A0%B8%E8%81%9A%E5%8F%98%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94%E5%A0%86" title="国际热核聚变实验反应堆">国际热核聚变实验反应堆</a>(ITER)项目的进展起到非常重要的价值<sup id="cite_ref-kstar_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kstar-107"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外交"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E4.BA.A4"></span>外交</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="编辑章节:外交"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國外交">韓國外交</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2010_G-20_Seoul_summit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/2010_G-20_Seoul_summit.jpg/200px-2010_G-20_Seoul_summit.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/2010_G-20_Seoul_summit.jpg/300px-2010_G-20_Seoul_summit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/2010_G-20_Seoul_summit.jpg/400px-2010_G-20_Seoul_summit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1394" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/2010%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%BD%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2010年二十国集团首尔峰会">2010年二十国集团首尔峰会</a>合照</figcaption></figure> <p>韩国是<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国">联合国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E8%B4%B8%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" class="mw-redirect" title="世贸组织">世贸组织</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="经济合作与发展组织">经合组织</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%94%E5%8D%81%E5%8A%A0%E4%B8%89" title="東協十加三">东盟十加三</a>、<a href="/wiki/20%E5%9B%BD%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="20国集团">20国集团</a>的成员国,也是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%AA%E7%BB%8F%E5%90%88%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" class="mw-redirect" title="亚太经合组织">亚太经合组织</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="东亚峰会">东亚峰会</a>创始国之一<sup id="cite_ref-当代_47-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-当代-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>23</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-twenty_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twenty-108"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田野_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田野-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,在国际舞台发挥着积极作用。韩国先后担任1996-1997年和2013-2014年<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E7%90%86%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="联合国安理会">联合国安理会</a>非常任理事国,2001年第56届<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="联合国大会">联合国大会</a>主席国<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,此外还先后主办了2000年第三次<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%AC%A7%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="亚欧会议">亚欧会议</a><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>、2005年APEC会议<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>以及<a href="/wiki/2010%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%BD%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2010年二十国集团首尔峰会">2010年的20国集团第5次峰会</a><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>建国初期,韩国只与西方<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="资本主义国家">资本主义国家</a>发展外交关系。20世纪70年代初,随着<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%98" title="冷战">冷战</a>格局的结束和世界东西方关系的缓和,韩国调整其以往外交政策,开始与<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="社会主义国家">社会主义国家</a>阵营接触<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>257</span></sup>。1988年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%B3%B0%E6%84%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="卢泰愚">卢泰愚</a>当选韩国总统后,借助<a href="/wiki/1988%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="1988年夏季奥林匹克运动会">1988年夏季奥林匹克运动会</a>的有利时机推行“<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="北方政策">北方政策</a>”,积极与社会主义国家发展外交关系。在其执政期间,韩国先后与东欧社会主义国家、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏联</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a>建立了正式外交关系,为韩国外交拓宽了更大的空间<sup id="cite_ref-宋成有_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-宋成有-113"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>159</span></sup>。1993年,<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%B3%B3%E4%B8%89" title="金泳三">金泳三</a>文人政府开始提出“世界化、民间化、多边化、多元化、区域合作和面向未来”的外交政策。在金泳三之后的韩国各界政府也都积极推行了多边外交政策<sup id="cite_ref-方秀玉_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-方秀玉-114"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩国政府将朝鲜半岛和解与合作当成國家政策的重要内容。20世纪70年代,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%AD%A3%E7%86%99" title="朴正熙">朴正熙</a>政府就开始试图推动韩朝和解<sup id="cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-朴钟锦-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>226-227</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>258</span></sup>。1991年9月17日,韩国和朝鲜最终同时加入<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国">联合国</a>。1998年,<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%AD" title="金大中">金大中</a>执政后对朝鲜实行了“<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E5%85%89%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" class="mw-redirect" title="阳光政策">阳光政策</a>”,并在2000年6月与<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党">朝鲜劳动党</a>总书记<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E6%97%A5" title="金正日">金正日</a>举行了具有历史性意义的首次<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%9C%9D%E9%A6%96%E8%84%91%E4%BC%9A%E8%B0%88" class="mw-redirect" title="韩朝首脑会谈">韩朝首脑会谈</a>,南北关系得到空前缓和与发展。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%AD%A6%E9%93%89" class="mw-redirect" title="卢武铉">卢武铉</a>执政时期,南北关系得到了进一步的改善。但<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%98%8E%E5%8D%9A" title="李明博">李明博</a>上台后,韩朝关系开始走向对峙<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>259</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%A7%BF%E6%83%A0" title="朴槿惠">朴槿惠</a>执政后,对朝推行“朝鲜半岛信任进程”,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%9C%9D%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="韩朝关系">韩朝关系</a>略有改善<sup id="cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-朴钟锦-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>308-310</span></sup>,后因朝鲜<a href="/wiki/2016%E5%B9%B41%E6%9C%88%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E6%A0%B8%E8%A9%A6%E9%A9%97" title="2016年1月朝鮮核試驗">第四次核试验</a>和发射“<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E6%98%9F4%E5%8F%B7" title="光明星4号">光明星4号</a>”卫星后,双方关系陷入僵局<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B4%E5%86%AC%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="2018年冬季奥林匹克运动会">2018年冬季奥林匹克运动会</a>期间,韩朝关系得到缓和<sup id="cite_ref-olym_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olym-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 同年4月27日,<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%9C%A8%E5%AF%85" title="文在寅">文在寅</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜国务委员会">朝鲜国务委员会</a>委员长<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E6%81%A9" title="金正恩">金正恩</a>在韩朝边境的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E9%97%A8%E5%BA%97" class="mw-redirect" title="板门店">板门店</a>“和平之家”举行了<a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B44%E6%9C%88%E6%9C%9D%E9%9F%93%E9%A6%96%E8%85%A6%E6%9C%83%E6%99%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="2018年4月朝韓首腦會晤">首脑会谈</a>,并签署了《<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E9%97%A8%E5%BA%97%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" title="板门店宣言">板门店宣言</a>》<sup id="cite_ref-wj_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wj-117"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="军事"><span id=".E5.86.9B.E4.BA.8B"></span>军事</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=27" title="编辑章节:军事"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="韓國軍事">韩国军事</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_100730-N-8539M-181_The_Republic_of_Korea_Navy_guided-missile_destroyer_ROKS_Sejong_the_Great_(DDG_991)_returns_to_Joint_Base_Pearl_Harbor-Hickam_after_participating_in_Rim_of_the_Pacific_(RIMPAC)_2010_exercises.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/US_Navy_100730-N-8539M-181_The_Republic_of_Korea_Navy_guided-missile_destroyer_ROKS_Sejong_the_Great_%28DDG_991%29_returns_to_Joint_Base_Pearl_Harbor-Hickam_after_participating_in_Rim_of_the_Pacific_%28RIMPAC%29_2010_exercises.jpg/200px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/US_Navy_100730-N-8539M-181_The_Republic_of_Korea_Navy_guided-missile_destroyer_ROKS_Sejong_the_Great_%28DDG_991%29_returns_to_Joint_Base_Pearl_Harbor-Hickam_after_participating_in_Rim_of_the_Pacific_%28RIMPAC%29_2010_exercises.jpg/300px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/US_Navy_100730-N-8539M-181_The_Republic_of_Korea_Navy_guided-missile_destroyer_ROKS_Sejong_the_Great_%28DDG_991%29_returns_to_Joint_Base_Pearl_Harbor-Hickam_after_participating_in_Rim_of_the_Pacific_%28RIMPAC%29_2010_exercises.jpg/400px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>韩国海军<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E5%AE%97%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B%E7%B4%9A%E9%A9%85%E9%80%90%E8%89%A6" title="世宗大王級驅逐艦">世宗大王级驱逐舰</a></figcaption></figure> <p>由于韩国历史上饱受战争之苦以及朝鮮半島的南北对峙,韩国GDP的2.6%和政府开支的15%都用于国防建设<sup id="cite_ref-Pike_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pike-118"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国拥有<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="各国武装部队列表">世界第6大的现役军人人数</a>和第2大预备役队伍<sup id="cite_ref-South_Korea_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-South_Korea-119"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国目前现役军人人数为63万和预备役部队297万,这相对与韩国5000万的人口总数来说是个庞大的数字<sup id="cite_ref-赵杨_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵杨-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>112</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国国军">韩国国军</a>由<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓民國陸軍">陆军</a> 、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国海军">海军</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓民國空軍">空军</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D%E9%99%B8%E6%88%B0%E9%9A%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓民國海軍陸戰隊">海軍陸戰隊</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E9%A0%90%E5%82%99%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓民國預備軍">预备軍</a>构成。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国总统">韩国总统</a>是韩国三军統帥<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>30</span></sup>。韩国实行义务役<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%81%E5%85%B5%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="征兵制">征兵制</a>,依照<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B" title="韩国法律">韩国法律</a>,20到30岁之间身体健康、无残疾的韩国男性需要服义务兵役,一般服役期限为两年<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。20世纪90年代后,韩国为适应周边安全环境的变化制定了“适当压缩陆军,大力加强空海军,使三军协调发展”的军队建设方针。20世纪末,韩国《战略空军建设发展规划》提出发展空天一体化的“战略空军”的构想<sup id="cite_ref-赵杨_120-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵杨-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>72-73</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-李京旭_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-李京旭-122"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>169-170</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国海军">韩国海军</a>正致力于打造一个具备远洋作战能力的战略机动舰队,从而使韩国海军加入世界<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E6%B0%B4%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="藍水海軍">蓝水海军</a>之列<sup id="cite_ref-李京旭_122-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-李京旭-122"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>98-100</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-赵杨_120-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵杨-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>67-68</span></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="朝鲜战争">朝鲜战争</a>停战后,韩美签订《<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E9%98%B2%E5%BE%A1%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="韩美共同防御条约">共同防御条约</a>》。此后,<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>在韩国驻军帮助韩国维护<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="国防">国防</a><sup id="cite_ref-赵杨_120-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵杨-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>183-185</span></sup>。1994年12月1日,韩国收回了除战时指挥权之外的军事主权。驻韩美军由主导角色转变为支援角色<sup id="cite_ref-赵杨_120-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵杨-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>51</span></sup>。1967年2月韩美签署《驻韩美军地位协定》后,韩国开始拥有对<a href="/wiki/%E9%A7%90%E9%9F%93%E7%BE%8E%E8%BB%8D" title="駐韓美軍">驻韩美军</a>名义审判权。2002年2、3月以后,驻韩美军恶性犯罪引渡给韩国警方。韩国警方对杀人、强奸等恶性犯罪在逮捕嫌疑犯时可以持续拘留而不必先交给美军<sup id="cite_ref-赵杨_120-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵杨-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>186</span></sup>。韩国作为美国的盟友先后参加了<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="越南战争">越南战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B9%BE%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="海湾战争">海湾战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD_(2001%E5%B9%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="阿富汗戰爭 (2001年)">阿富汗战争</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="伊拉克战争">伊拉克战争</a> <sup id="cite_ref-赵杨_120-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵杨-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>83</span></sup>。1991年以来,韩国开始积极展开以多国部队维和活动及国防合作活动为目的的海外派兵,先后向<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="索马里">索马里</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9" title="黎巴嫩">黎巴嫩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="南苏丹">南苏丹</a>等18个联合国任务团派兵13,000多名,为世界和平作出了贡献<sup id="cite_ref-赵杨_120-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵杨-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>83</span></sup>。2014年12月,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">韩国国会</a>国防委员会通过了《海外派兵法》,使韩国除“根据联合国安全保障理事会决议的维持治安及稳定、人道主义援助、恢复重建等活动外”,“获得联合国、多国联合部队或特定国家的邀请”也可以对外派兵<sup id="cite_ref-赵杨_120-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵杨-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>105</span></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="人口"><span id=".E4.BA.BA.E5.8F.A3"></span>人口</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=28" title="编辑章节:人口"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国人口">韩国人口</a></div> <p>韩国是单一民族国家<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>18</span></sup>,2015年的人口普查结果为5,106.9万<sup id="cite_ref-census_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-123"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国是高<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="人口密度">人口密度</a>国家,2015年人口密度约为每平方公里509人<sup id="cite_ref-census_123-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-123"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="国家人口密度列表">世界人口密度最大的国家之一</a>。人口分布在韩国很不均匀,人口大多居住在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="城市">城市</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%8C%96%E7%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="城市化率">城市化率</a>为82.5%<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2015年,包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="首尔">首尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="仁川">仁川</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a>在内的首都圈人口总计为2,527.4万,占到总人口的49.5%<sup id="cite_ref-census_123-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-123"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2020年,韓國生育率僅0.84,遠低於日本(1.34<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>)、台灣(0.99<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>)等地区,持續更新世界最低紀錄<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5" title="世界概况">世界概况</a>》发布的韩国人<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%84%E6%9C%9F%E5%AF%BF%E5%91%BD" title="预期寿命">预期寿命</a>在2014年是79.8岁,<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E9%A2%84%E6%9C%9F%E5%AF%BF%E5%91%BD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国人口预期寿命列表">世界排名第39</a><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E8%80%81%E9%BE%84%E5%8C%96" title="人口老龄化">人口老龄化</a>问题严重,是<a href="/wiki/OECD" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a>国家中青壮年劳动力人口下降最快的国家<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="都市"><span id=".E9.83.BD.E5.B8.82"></span>都市</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=29" title="编辑章节:都市"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>韓國都市人口占總人口約91%<sup id="cite_ref-都市_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-都市-130"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,最大城市<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="首爾">首爾</a>人口近1,000萬人,下表所列為韓國國內主要城市: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84339893">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> </p> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em">&#160;</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="float: left;height:2.6em;"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="Template:大韓民國最大城市"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:大韓民國最大城市(页面不存在)"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:大韓民國最大城市"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">大韩民国最大城市排名</span><br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国城市列表">2022年1月行政安全部統計</a><sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>排名 </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓民國城市列表">名称</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓民國行政區劃">行政區劃</a> </th> <th>人口 </th> <th>排名 </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓民國城市列表">名称</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="大韓民國行政區劃">行政區劃</a> </th> <th>人口</th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seoul_2006.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="首爾"><img alt="首爾" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seoul_2006.JPG/120px-Seoul_2006.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seoul_2006.JPG/180px-Seoul_2006.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seoul_2006.JPG/240px-Seoul_2006.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E5%B8%82" title="首爾特別市">首爾</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Haeundae_2008.png" class="mw-file-description" title="釜山"><img alt="釜山" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Haeundae_2008.png/120px-Haeundae_2008.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Haeundae_2008.png/180px-Haeundae_2008.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Haeundae_2008.png/240px-Haeundae_2008.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="564" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="釜山廣域市">釜山</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E5%B8%82" title="首爾特別市">首爾</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E5%B8%82" title="首爾特別市">首爾特別市</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,505,926</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E5%8E%9F%E5%B8%82" title="昌原市">昌原</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%86%E5%B0%9A%E5%8D%97%E9%81%93" title="庆尚南道">庆尚南道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,031,948 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Songdo_city.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="仁川"><img alt="仁川" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Songdo_city.jpg/120px-Songdo_city.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Songdo_city.jpg/180px-Songdo_city.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Songdo_city.jpg/240px-Songdo_city.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%B7%9D%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="仁川廣域市">仁川</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Daegu_from_Migliore.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="大邱"><img alt="大邱" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Daegu_from_Migliore.jpg/120px-Daegu_from_Migliore.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Daegu_from_Migliore.jpg/180px-Daegu_from_Migliore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Daegu_from_Migliore.jpg/240px-Daegu_from_Migliore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%82%B1%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="大邱廣域市">大邱</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="釜山廣域市">釜山</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="釜山廣域市">釜山廣域市</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,348,874</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%82" title="城南市">城南</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">931,072 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%B7%9D%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="仁川廣域市">仁川</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%B7%9D%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="仁川廣域市">仁川廣域市</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,949,150</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">13</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="華城市">華城</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">887,910 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%82%B1%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="大邱廣域市">大邱</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%82%B1%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="大邱廣域市">大邱廣域市</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,383,858</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">14</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="清州市">清州</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%A0%E6%B8%85%E5%8C%97%E9%81%93" title="忠清北道">忠清北道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">848,797 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%94%B0%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="大田广域市">大田</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%94%B0%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="大田广域市">大田广域市</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,451,272</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="富川市">富川</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">804,990 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B7%9E%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="光州廣域市">光州</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B7%9E%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="光州廣域市">光州廣域市</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,441,636</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%8A%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="南楊州市">南楊州</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">734,013 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%8E%9F%E5%B8%82" title="水原市">水原</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,184,404</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">17</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82" title="天安市">天安</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%A0%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%97%E9%81%93" title="忠清南道">忠清南道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">658,150 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%9A%E5%B1%B1%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="蔚山广域市">蔚山</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%9A%E5%B1%B1%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" title="蔚山广域市">蔚山广域市</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,121,100</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">18</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="全州市">全州</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%8C%97%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%81%93" title="全北特別自治道">全北特別自治道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">656,766 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%99%BD%E5%B8%82" title="高陽市">高陽</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,078,924</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">19</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="安山市">安山</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">652,036 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E4%BB%81%E5%B8%82" title="龍仁市">龍仁</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,076,830</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">20</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E9%A4%8A%E5%B8%82" title="安養市">安養</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">548,654 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="语言"><span id=".E8.AF.AD.E8.A8.80"></span>语言</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=30" title="编辑章节:语言"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="韩语">韩语</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Koreandialect.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Koreandialect.png/180px-Koreandialect.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Koreandialect.png/270px-Koreandialect.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Koreandialect.png 2x" data-file-width="334" data-file-height="489" /></a><figcaption>朝鮮半島方言分佈:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00FFFF; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;1. 西北方言</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF00FF; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;2. 東北方言</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#900020; color:white;">&#160;</span>&#160;3. 中部方言</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#40826D; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;4. 西南方言</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00FF00; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;5. <a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%86%E5%B0%9A%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="庆尚方言">慶尚方言</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C19A6B; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;6. <a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%B7%9E%E8%AA%9E" title="濟州語">济州方言</a></div></figcaption></figure> <p>韩国的官方语言为<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="韩语">韩语</a>(朝鲜语)和<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="手語">韓國手語</a><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>。包括整個朝鮮半島在内,全球约有7,560万人使用韩语。随着韩国在国际社会政治、经济地位的不断提高,学习韩语的人数也不断增长。目前许多国家的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="大学">大学</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="高中">高中</a>都教授韩语。在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a>等国家,韩语可以作为大学入学考试中的一门外国语<sup id="cite_ref-ko_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ko-134"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩语使用的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="韩文">韩文</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="表音文字">表音文字</a>,每个字可以根据其构成拼读出来,不需要另外单独的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="拼音">拼音</a>系统。韩语共有40个<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="字母">字母</a>,包括21个<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音">元音</a>和19个<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3" title="辅音">辅音</a>。元音又分为单元音(10个)和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="双元音">双元音</a>(11个)。元音是韩语<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E8%8A%82" title="音节">音节</a>的中心,辅音只有和元音结合才能构成<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="文字">文字</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>180-181</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-beiyu_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beiyu-135"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>韩语的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E6%B1%87" title="词汇">词汇</a>类型可分为<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E6%9C%89%E8%A9%9E" title="固有詞">固有词</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E8%A9%9E" title="漢字詞">汉字词</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E6%9D%A5%E8%AF%AD" title="外来语">外来语</a>三种。固有词是<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="韓民族">韩民族</a>自古流传下来的本民族自己固有的词汇,是韩语词汇的核心部分。韩语日常用语绝大多数用的都是固有词。绝大部分汉字词来源于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD" title="汉语">汉语</a>。汉字词读音遵照韩国汉字的读音规则,词义大部分与汉语相同,但也有些差异。汉字词在数量上要占到韩语词汇一半以上。外来语是指从<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a>以外的其他国家借鉴过来的词语,以<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="英语">英语</a>居多。<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>182</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-词汇_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-词汇-136"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>韩语(朝鲜语)的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="方言">方言</a>按地区分布可以分为西北部方言、东北部方言、中部方言、西南方言、东南方言、济州方言6种。除了济州方言以外,其它地区的方言都很相似,彼此可以听得懂。今天的“标准韩国语”是以中部方言的首尔话为基础的。由于<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="首尔">首尔</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朝鲜王朝">朝鲜王朝</a>的国都,因此“标准韩国语”更接近于朝鲜半岛分裂前的官方语言。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>20</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="宗教"><span id=".E5.AE.97.E6.95.99"></span>宗教</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=31" title="编辑章节:宗教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="韓國宗教">韓國宗教</a></div> <div class="barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:300px; background: ;color: #000;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:none;color: inherit;"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="韓國宗教">韓國宗教</a></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">宗教</td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">百分比</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">無特定信仰、薩滿教、儒學和未表態</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:SlateGray; width:56.9%; overflow: hidden;">&#8201;</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">56.9%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" title="新教">基督新教</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DodgerBlue; width:19.7%; overflow: hidden;">&#8201;</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">19.7%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Orange; width:15.5%; overflow: hidden;">&#8201;</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">15.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" title="天主教">天主教</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkOrchid; width:7.9%; overflow: hidden;">&#8201;</div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">7.9%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>依<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國憲法">韓國憲法</a>,韓國人有<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="宗教信仰自由">宗教信仰自由</a>。根据2015年的统计,27.6%的韩国人信奉<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" title="新教">新教</a>佔全國19.7%,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" title="天主教">天主教</a>7.9%),15.5%信奉<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>。其它宗教包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E6%95%99_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="儒教 (宗教)">儒教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國伊斯蘭教">伊斯兰教</a>和各种<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%85%B4%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="新兴宗教">新兴宗教</a>,比如<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%91%E5%B1%B1%E6%95%99" title="甑山教">甑山教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="天道教">天道教</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="圆佛教">圆佛教</a>等。韩国本土原始宗教是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%B7%AB%E6%95%99" title="朝鮮巫教">萨满教</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>30-41</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>244-251</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2015_Census_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015_Census-137"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>是韩国最大的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="宗教">宗教</a>,佔總人口27.6%,約有1,356万人,包括970万新教徒和390万天主教徒。2005年以来,新教徒的人数在慢慢增加,而天主教徒則开始漸漸减少<sup id="cite_ref-2015_Census_137-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015_Census-137"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="朝鲜佛教">佛教</a>372年由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a>传入朝鲜半岛,成为<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%BA%97" title="高麗">高麗</a>的国教,直到<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朝鲜王朝">朝鲜王朝</a>时期被<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E6%95%99_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="儒教 (宗教)">儒教</a>所取替。韩国目前有1,100多万的佛教信徒,其中90%的信徒是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E6%BA%AA%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="曹溪宗">曹溪宗</a><sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>152-153</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>245-246</span></sup>。儒家思想在现代的韩国社会依然起着广泛的影响。<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>153-154</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>248-249</span></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cheondogyo_Jungang_Daegyodang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Cheondogyo_Jungang_Daegyodang.jpg/130px-Cheondogyo_Jungang_Daegyodang.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Cheondogyo_Jungang_Daegyodang.jpg/195px-Cheondogyo_Jungang_Daegyodang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Cheondogyo_Jungang_Daegyodang.jpg/260px-Cheondogyo_Jungang_Daegyodang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="天道教中央大教堂" data-lang-code="ko" data-lang-name="朝鲜语" data-foreign-title="천도교 중앙대교당"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%81%93%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A4%A7%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="天道教中央大教堂(页面不存在)">天道教中央大教堂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">朝鲜语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%9C%EB%8F%84%EA%B5%90_%EC%A4%91%EC%95%99%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90%EB%8B%B9" class="extiw" title="ko:천도교 중앙대교당"><span lang="ko" dir="auto">천도교 중앙대교당</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="天道教">天道教</a>前身是19世纪中叶<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="西学">西学</a>东进时期出现于朝鲜半岛的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%AD%A6%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="东学教">东学教</a>,1906年由东学第三任教主<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E7%A7%89%E7%86%99" title="孫秉熙">孙秉熙</a>改组为近代宗教<sup id="cite_ref-柳雪峰_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-柳雪峰-138"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。与其它大多数宗教不同,天道教否定<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%86%E4%B8%96" title="來世">来世</a>的存在。教祖<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E6%B5%8E%E6%84%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="崔济愚">水云大神师</a>认为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%A0%82" class="mw-redirect" title="天堂">天堂</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%8B%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="地狱">地狱</a>不是存在于相互分离的遥远来世。天主是存在于每个人的心中,人之初都是一样的,并无社会阶级上的差异<sup id="cite_ref-天_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-天-139"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。每个人通过自身修行“侍天主”,就可以成为“君子”、“地上神仙”,从而“同归一体”<sup id="cite_ref-obj_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obj-140"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。天道教第二任教主<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E6%99%82%E4%BA%A8" title="崔時亨">海月神师</a>将水云的“侍天主”发展成为“人是天”,“事人如天”,即像对待天主一样对待人。到第三任教主<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E7%A7%89%E7%86%99" title="孫秉熙">义庵圣师</a>时期,这种理念发展成为“人乃天”,天道教的核心教理<sup id="cite_ref-天_139-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-天-139"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-金惠承_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-金惠承-141"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。不过天道教的“人乃天”并不是将人视为至高无上。天道教还有“三敬思想”,即敬天、敬人、敬物。天道教的“地上天国”是人与天,人与自然的和谐统一<sup id="cite_ref-天_139-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-天-139"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。天道教的目的是通过“辅國安民”“佈德天下”“广济苍生”解救民众于混沌的现状,通过“后天开辟”,创造一个万物和谐、“同归一体”的“地上天国”<sup id="cite_ref-obj_140-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obj-140"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="社会"><span id=".E7.A4.BE.E4.BC.9A"></span>社会</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=32" title="编辑章节:社会"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="教育"><span id=".E6.95.99.E8.82.B2"></span>教育</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=33" title="编辑章节:教育"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国教育">韩国教育</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kyung_Hee_Univ._Central_Library_and_Museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Kyung_Hee_Univ._Central_Library_and_Museum.JPG/200px-Kyung_Hee_Univ._Central_Library_and_Museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Kyung_Hee_Univ._Central_Library_and_Museum.JPG/300px-Kyung_Hee_Univ._Central_Library_and_Museum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Kyung_Hee_Univ._Central_Library_and_Museum.JPG/400px-Kyung_Hee_Univ._Central_Library_and_Museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%B6%E7%86%99%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="慶熙大學">庆熙大学</a></figcaption></figure> <p>教育在韩国被称为促进经济发展的第二经济<sup id="cite_ref-教育_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-教育-142"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。20世纪60年代以来,韩国经济社会飞速发展创造“<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%B1%9F%E5%A5%87%E8%BF%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="汉江奇迹">汉江奇迹</a>”。在韩国成功的背后,“教育立国”战略是根本原因之一<sup id="cite_ref-education_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-education-143"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-尹洪斌_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-尹洪斌-144"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。1961年,韩国<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%9D%87GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="人均GDP">人均GDP</a>仅为80美元,80%的人口为<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E7%9B%B2" title="文盲">文盲</a>。韩国政府将15-20%的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A2%E6%94%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="财政">财政</a>支出用于<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="教育">教育</a>。1975-1985年间,韩国的教育经费从2.2亿韩圆增加到35.3亿韩圆,增长近16倍。不仅如此,韩国每年还从<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" title="世界银行">世界银行</a>贷款6000万美元用于教育<sup id="cite_ref-经济_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-经济-145"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。目前韩国已经普及9年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E5%8A%A1%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="义务教育">义务教育</a>,基本消除文盲,是世界识字人口率最高的国家之一<sup id="cite_ref-教育_142-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-教育-142"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国学生在国际<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6" title="数学">数学</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学">科学</a>竞赛中一直保持着出色的成绩<sup id="cite_ref-education_143-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-education-143"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kim_146-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kim-146"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2011年,韩国23-34年龄的人口中具有大学文凭的比例达到64%,远高于<a href="/wiki/OECD" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a>国家平均 39% 的水平<sup id="cite_ref-high_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-high-147"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。在2014年英国培生集团(Pearson)第二次实施的“全球教育强国”调查中,韩国超越2012年排名第一的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0" title="芬兰">芬兰</a>,综合排名第一,成为世界教育强国<sup id="cite_ref-教一_148-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-教一-148"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国宪法">韩国宪法</a>》明确规定所有国民都有平等接受教育的权利<sup id="cite_ref-发展_98-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-发展-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>169</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-law_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-law-149"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-缪丽华_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-缪丽华-150"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。20世纪80年代,<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%82%E8%BA%AB%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="終身教育">终身教育</a>写入《韩国宪法》<sup id="cite_ref-发展_98-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-发展-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>176</span></sup>。韩国学制为6-3-3-4制,即<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%AD%A6" title="小学">小学</a>6年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E4%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="初中">初中</a>3年,<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="高中">高中</a>3年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="大学">大学</a>4年<sup id="cite_ref-edu_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edu-151"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>4</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-周霖_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-周霖-152"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。小学和初中是免费<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E5%8A%A1%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="义务教育">义务教育</a><sup id="cite_ref-edu_151-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edu-151"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>2</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-发展_98-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-发展-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>170</span></sup>,并将在2021年全面实施高中免费义务教育<sup id="cite_ref-cri_153-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cri-153"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国的大学根据设立的主体不同可分为<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="國立大學">国立大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="公立大学">公立大学</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%81%E7%AB%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="私立大学">私立大学</a>,其中私立大学的数目占到80%以上<sup id="cite_ref-世界_154-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-世界-154"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。所有高校无论公立还是私立都要接受韩国教育部的监督<sup id="cite_ref-大公_155-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-大公-155"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国历史最为悠久的大学是<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%9D%87%E9%A6%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="成均馆大学">成均馆大学</a>,其历史可以追溯到1398年成立的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朝鲜王朝">朝鲜王朝</a>最高学府<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%9D%87%E9%A4%A8" title="成均館">成均馆</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="首尔大学">首尔大学</a>(<b>S</b>eoul National University)、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="高丽大学">高丽大学</a>(<b>K</b>orea University)和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E4%B8%96%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="延世大學">延世大学</a>(<b>Y</b>onsei University)三所著名高校在韩国很有影响。因其英文缩写首字母为“<a href="/wiki/SKY_(%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8)" title="SKY (大學)">SKY</a>”,被称为韩国大学一片天<sup id="cite_ref-sky_156-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sky-156"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。许多韩国政要都是SKY大学的校友。另外<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E9%99%A2" title="韩国科学技术院">韩国科学技术院</a>(KAIST)和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%A6%E9%A0%85%E5%B7%A5%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="浦項工科大學">浦项工科大学</a>在国际上也享有很高的声誉<sup id="cite_ref-THE_157-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THE-157"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="传媒"><span id=".E4.BC.A0.E5.AA.92"></span>传媒</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=34" title="编辑章节:传媒"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="韩国媒体">韩国媒体</a></div> <p>韩国报刊有100余年的历史。1896年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BC%89%E5%BC%BC" title="徐載弼">徐载弼</a>创办的《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E_(%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE)" title="獨立新聞 (朝鮮)">独立新闻</a>》是韩国近代第一份民营韩文<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%A5%E7%BA%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="报纸">报纸</a>。目前韩国的传统媒体主要是韩国的三大报纸(《<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E6%97%A5%E5%A0%B1" title="朝鮮日報">朝鮮日報</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%97%A5%E5%A0%B1_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" title="中央日報 (韓國)">中央日报</a>》和《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="东亚日报">东亚日报</a>》)和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E8%81%94%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="韩联社">韩联社</a>。《朝鲜日报》和《东亚日报》创办于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%80%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="三一獨立運動">三一独立运动</a>之后的1920年,是韩国历史最悠久的两份报纸。韩联社成立于1981年,是韩国国家通讯社。韩联社在欧洲、北美、中东、东南亚和南美设有42家分社,发挥着韩国与世界间的桥梁作用。韩联社还拥有韩国最大的地方新闻采集网<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>250-251</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>126-127</span></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MBC_headquarter_buld.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/MBC_headquarter_buld.jpg/200px-MBC_headquarter_buld.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/MBC_headquarter_buld.jpg/300px-MBC_headquarter_buld.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/MBC_headquarter_buld.jpg/400px-MBC_headquarter_buld.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>位於<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="首爾">首爾</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9D%E7%9F%A3%E5%B3%B6" title="汝矣島">汝矣島</a>的MBC總部大樓</figcaption></figure> <p>韩国的第一家电视台是成立于1956年的一家首尔私营商业电视台。韩国目前主要的全国性电视台包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国放送公社">韩国放送公社</a>(KBS)、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国教育放送公社">教育放送公社</a>(EBS)、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="文化廣播 (韓國)">文化广播公司</a>(MBC)和<a href="/wiki/SBS_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" title="SBS (韓國)">SBS股份有限公司</a>(SBS)<sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>253</span></sup>。KBS-TV于1961年12月由韩国政府创立,是韩国最早的公营电视台<sup id="cite_ref-电台_158-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-电台-158"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国教育放送公社">EBS</a>是韩国国营教育电视台兼广播电台<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>128</span></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/NAVER" title="NAVER">NAVER</a>和<a href="/wiki/DAUM" class="mw-redirect" title="DAUM">DAUM</a>是韩国两大门户网站,基本垄断了韩国的网络媒体业务(NAVER的市场份额占到73%,DAUM20%)<sup id="cite_ref-ctcm_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ctcm-159"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。NAVER成立于1999年,是韩国最大的网站,也是其最大的搜索引擎<sup id="cite_ref-搜索_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-搜索-160"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,年收入大约为100亿元人民币,比三大报业总收入还多出3000亿韩元<sup id="cite_ref-ctcm_159-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ctcm-159"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="社会保障"><span id=".E7.A4.BE.E4.BC.9A.E4.BF.9D.E9.9A.9C"></span>社会保障</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=35" title="编辑章节:社会保障"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>韩国自1960年以来相继制定了一系列的社会保障法规。在<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%96%97%E7%84%95" class="mw-redirect" title="全斗焕">全斗焕</a>执政期间,“<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="福利国家">福利国家</a>”的概念被正式提出来<sup id="cite_ref-skw_161-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skw-161"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。与其它<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E8%BE%BE%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="发达国家">发达国家</a>相比,韩国的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%9C" title="社会保障">社会保障</a>制度起步较晚,有待进一步完善,但韩国建立起福利国家所用的时间却是很短的<sup id="cite_ref-skw_161-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skw-161"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国的社会保障体系包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%BF%9D%E9%99%A9" title="社会保险">社会保险</a>、公共救济和社会福利服务三方面<sup id="cite_ref-gbw_162-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gbw-162"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%BF%9D%E9%99%A9" title="社会保险">社会保险</a>主要包括养老保险、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E7%96%97%E4%BF%9D%E9%99%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="医疗保险">医疗保险</a>、雇佣保险、产业灾害保险。1988年韩国修定《国民养老保险法》,首次实施了国民养老保险制度。1999年养老保险和退休金制度惠及到全国国民<sup id="cite_ref-gbw_162-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gbw-162"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。医疗保险从1977年开始实行。医疗保险以<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%95%E4%BF%9D%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="投保人">投保人</a>的保险费为主,国库补助或其他利息收入为补充。雇佣保险于1995年开始实行。与<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E6%A5%AD%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%AA" title="失業保險">失业保险</a>不同,雇佣保险不仅对失业者进行救济,而且用积极的政策手段尽可能防止失业的发生。雇佣保险费分为失业保险费和雇佣安定与职业能力开发事业保险费两类。失业保险费由<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%87%E4%B8%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="雇主">雇主</a>和被雇人各负担一半,雇佣安定和职业能力开发事业保险费则由雇主全部负担。产业灾害保险是最早普遍实行的社会保险,保险费由雇主一方负担,保险对象是因工而伤、疾病、残废、死亡<sup id="cite_ref-gbw_162-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gbw-162"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>公共救济是通过国家财政资助低收入阶层来保障国民最低生活标准和支援国民自立的制度,主要分为生活保护、有功人员津贴和灾害灾难救济三种<sup id="cite_ref-gbw_162-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gbw-162"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。生活保护分为自救保护(有劳动能力)、居宅保护(无生活能力而在家受保护者)和设施保护(需要收容到社会福利设施内)<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。有功人员津贴是韩国政府对殉职或公伤的军人、警察和公务员,爱国志士等有功人员及遗属发放的各类津贴、抚恤金以及公共费用减免等。依照韩国1962年颁布的《灾害救护法》,韩国政府对因<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3" title="自然灾害">自然灾害</a>等而集体发生多数罹灾者时进行灾害灾难救济,所需费用由国库负担70%,地方政府负担30%<sup id="cite_ref-gbw_162-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gbw-162"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>社会福利服务主要以社会化的老年人、儿童、妇女和残疾人福利等为主,包括建设老年福利设施、减免65岁以上老年人公共费用、设立有儿童咨询所、婴幼儿设施、母子保护设施、妇女职业辅导设施、女性会馆等。另外依照相关保障残疾人福利的法律,韩国政府通过设立<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%8B%E7%96%BE%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="残疾人">残疾人</a>福利设施、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1" title="特殊學校">特殊学校</a>为残疾人提供福利,并为残疾人就业提供便利<sup id="cite_ref-gbw_162-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gbw-162"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文化"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>文化</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=36" title="编辑章节:文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%A0%E7%BB%9F%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国传统文化">韩国传统文化</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="韩国文化">韩国文化</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%B5%81" class="mw-redirect" title="韩流">韩流</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%84%A1%E5%BD%A2%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%BA%E7%94%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國無形文化遺產">韩国无形文化遗产</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="韩国文化">韩国文化</a>由<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%A0%E7%BB%9F%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国传统文化">韩国传统文化</a>衍生而来。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="朝鲜战争">朝鲜战争</a>后,朝鮮半島的南北对峙导致了南北现代文化的差异,但双方传统文化却一脉相承。朝鮮半島在历史上与<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="古代中国">古代中国</a>有着密切的交往,因此朝鮮半島传统文化深受<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="中華文化">中華文化</a>影响,不过朝鮮半島传统文化仍保留有其独特的特征<sup id="cite_ref-Fairbank_et_al_164-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fairbank_et_al-164"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国现代文化是韩国现代化的产物。随着韩国经济和社会的发展,韩国人的衣食住行等生活方式也发生了变化,从而构筑了现代韩国文化。韩国文化在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a>和世界的流行被称为<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%B5%81" class="mw-redirect" title="韩流">韩流</a><sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="建筑"><span id=".E5.BB.BA.E7.AD.91"></span>建筑</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=37" title="编辑章节:建筑"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%B1%8B" title="韓屋">韩屋</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju-Bulguksa-32.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Korea-Gyeongju-Bulguksa-32.jpg/200px-Korea-Gyeongju-Bulguksa-32.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Korea-Gyeongju-Bulguksa-32.jpg/300px-Korea-Gyeongju-Bulguksa-32.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Korea-Gyeongju-Bulguksa-32.jpg/400px-Korea-Gyeongju-Bulguksa-32.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>韩国世界文化遗产——<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%9B%BD%E5%AF%BA" title="佛国寺">佛国寺</a></figcaption></figure> <p>韩国的传统建筑与中国和日本的传统建筑有很多相似之处,受到<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E9%98%B3" title="阴阳">阴阳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="世界">天地</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E8%A1%8C" title="五行">五行</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="风水">风水</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="道教">道教</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E6%95%99_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="儒教 (宗教)">儒教</a>等的影响。自然是韩国建筑最重要的因素。韩国建筑不追求高大雄伟,而是讲究建筑对<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6" title="自然">自然</a>的尊重,和谐于自然。传统的韩国建筑很少在规模和装饰上有铺张炫耀。房间相对较小,装饰也比较简单。据认为,富有修养和君子风度的人的房间主要是用于读书和谈论学术的,不应在装饰上显得浮华。<sup id="cite_ref-rh_166-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rh-166"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-arch_167-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arch-167"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jw_168-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jw-168"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cs_169-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cs-169"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>19世纪末,西方建筑开始传入韩国。西方和日本的建筑师和工程师在这一时期在韩国修建了<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" title="教堂">教堂</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%A6%E5%85%AC%E6%A8%93" class="mw-redirect" title="辦公樓">办公楼</a>,例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E7%89%B9%E5%BC%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91" title="哥特式建筑">哥特式</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" class="mw-redirect" title="天主教堂">天主教堂</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B4%9E%E8%81%96%E5%A0%82" class="mw-redirect" title="明洞聖堂">明洞圣堂</a>(1898年)、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%89%BA%E5%A4%8D%E5%85%B4%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91" title="文艺复兴建筑">文艺复兴式</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国银行货币金融博物馆">韩国银行</a>总行大楼(1912年)和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E7%88%BE%E7%AB%99" title="首爾站">首尔火车站</a>(1925年)以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%9B%BC%E5%BC%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91" title="罗曼式建筑">罗马式</a>的圣公会教堂贞洞堂(1916年)和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%82%E6%94%BF%E5%8E%85" class="mw-redirect" title="首尔市政厅">首尔市政厅大楼</a>(1925年)。1916年,韩国的学校开始教授西方建筑学和工程学。活跃于30年代初的韩国建筑师包括设计和信百货公司大楼的朴吉龙和设计<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="高丽大学">高丽大学</a>校主楼的朴东镇,是韩国现代建筑的早期开拓者。<sup id="cite_ref-rh_166-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rh-166"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-arch_167-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arch-167"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jw_168-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jw-168"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>韩战结束后,韩国建筑进入了一个新的发展阶段。两位从海外学成归来的韩国建筑师在这一时期将韩国建筑引入了博采众长的境界。一位是从<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>留学归来的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%87%8D%E4%B8%9A" title="金重业">金重业</a>,另一位是从日本留学归来的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%AF%BF%E6%A0%B9" title="金寿根">金寿根</a>。1960年代,金重业设计的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E9%A7%90%E9%9F%93%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%BF%E9%A4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="法國駐韓大使館">法国駐韓大使馆</a>和金寿根设计的自由中心为当时的首尔建筑添加了令人耳目一新的景象。其它一些有影响的建筑包括金重业设计的三一路大楼,严德纹设计的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E5%AE%97%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E6%9C%83%E9%A4%A8" title="世宗文化會館">世宗文化会馆</a>,朴春鸣设计的<a href="/wiki/63%E5%A4%A7%E5%BB%88" title="63大廈">大韩生命保险公司大楼</a>;金寿根设计的基督教卫理公会教堂京东堂和设计的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E4%BD%93%E8%82%B2%E5%9C%BA" title="奥林匹克体育场">奥林匹克体育场</a>等。<sup id="cite_ref-rh_166-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rh-166"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-arch_167-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arch-167"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="文学"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.AD.A6"></span>文学</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=38" title="编辑章节:文学"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="朝鲜文学">朝鲜文学</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="韩国文学">韩国文学</a></div> <p>韩国古代早期文学作品大多在战火中被焚毁,很少留世<sup id="cite_ref-通史_170-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-通史-170"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>37-38</span></sup>。现存最早的古代诗歌是载于《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%97%E4%BA%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="三国遗事">三国遗事</a>》的《<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%9F%E6%97%A8%E6%AD%8C" title="龟旨歌">龟旨歌</a>》<sup id="cite_ref-通史_170-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-通史-170"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>65-67</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-韦旭昇_171-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-韦旭昇-171"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>19-20</span></sup>,最早的汉诗是《<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%B8%9F%E6%AD%8C" title="黄鸟歌">黄鸟歌</a>》<sup id="cite_ref-韦旭昇_171-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-韦旭昇-171"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>31</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%96%B0%E7%BD%97" title="统一新罗">统一新罗</a>时期,韩国古典文学出现空前的兴盛。国语诗歌“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A1%E6%AD%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="乡歌">乡歌</a>”在八九世纪达到高峰,同时也出现了<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E9%A6%96" title="强首">强首</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%9B%E8%81%B0_(%E6%96%B0%E7%BE%85)" title="薛聰 (新羅)">薛聪</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%95%8F" title="金大問">金大问</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E8%87%B4%E8%BF%9C" title="崔致远">崔致远</a>等儒学大家。文学体裁形式也开始多样化,出现了史传文学、传奇文学《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E8%87%B4%E8%BF%9C%E4%BC%A0" title="崔致远传">崔致远传</a>》,长篇纪行散文《<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%80%E4%BA%94%E5%A4%A9%E7%AB%BA%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%A0" title="往五天竺国传">往五天竺国传</a>》,<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%93%E8%A8%80" title="寓言">寓言</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E7%8E%8B%E6%88%92" title="花王戒">花王戒</a>》<sup id="cite_ref-通史_170-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-通史-170"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>97-108</span></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%BA%97" title="高麗">高丽时期</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E8%AA%BF_(%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE)" title="時調 (朝鮮)">时调</a>发展成为国语诗歌正统体裁。汉文诗、词、骚、赋、传记文学均有名作出现。朝鲜文学史上的三大诗人中的两位<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%A5%8E%E5%A0%B1" title="李奎報">李奎报</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E9%BD%90%E8%B4%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="李齐贤">李齐贤</a>都是出自高丽时期。高丽后期还出现<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%97%E8%AF%B4%E4%BD%93%E6%95%A3%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="稗说体散文">稗说体散文</a>,为后世<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4" title="小说">小说</a>的出现产生积极的影响<sup id="cite_ref-通史_170-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-通史-170"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>253-266</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朝鲜王朝">朝鲜王朝</a>时期,<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E8%AA%BF_(%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE)" title="時調 (朝鮮)">时调</a>从最初的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%AB" title="士大夫">士大夫</a>阶层扩展到社会的各个阶层。与此同时,<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%8C%E8%BE%9E" title="歌辞">歌辞</a>作为“长歌”形式也成为与时调并行发展的国语诗歌体裁。汉文诗歌的创作也蓬勃发展<sup id="cite_ref-通史_170-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-通史-170"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>974-1021</span></sup>。散文在朝鲜王朝时期呈现多样化的发展态势,并出现国语散文。叙事文学的发展,训民正音的发明,城市平民读者群的形成,以及中国小说的流入,促使<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4" title="小说">小说</a>文学兴起,出现了《<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%B0%B2%E6%96%B0%E8%A9%B1" title="金鰲新話">金鳌新话</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E5%90%89%E7%AB%A5%E4%BC%A0" title="洪吉童传">洪吉童传</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E4%BA%91%E6%A2%A6" title="九云梦">九云梦</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E6%A5%BC%E6%A2%A6" title="玉楼梦">玉楼梦</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E9%A6%99%E5%82%B3" title="春香傳">春香传</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%B8%85%E4%BC%A0" title="沈清传">沈清传</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%A4%AB%E4%BC%A0" title="兴夫传">兴夫传</a>》等名作<sup id="cite_ref-通史_170-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-通史-170"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>759-794</span></sup>。 </p><p>19世纪末,西方文明开始冲击朝鲜半岛,拉开韩国近现代文学的序幕<sup id="cite_ref-尹炳鲁_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-尹炳鲁-172"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>20</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-金英今_173-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-金英今-173"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>139</span></sup>。由于日本帝国主义近代的侵略,韩国近代文学因此有着反帝、反封建的一面<sup id="cite_ref-金允植_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-金允植-174"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>2-3</span></sup>。1950年代的韩国文学作品主要是揭示<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="韩战">韩战</a>给人民物质和精神上造成的创伤。1960-70年代的韩国文学主要是表现南北问题的认识、农民生活、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="工业化">工业化</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%8C%96" title="城市化">城市化</a>带来的社会病、经济发展后的富裕生活等<sup id="cite_ref-xd_175-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xd-175"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%99%AF%E5%88%A9" title="朴景利">朴景利</a>的《土地》是这一时期最著名的小说。这一时期的其它代表作包括崔仁熏的《广场》、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%AF%BF%E5%90%89" title="安寿吉">安寿吉</a>的《北间岛》、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E7%9A%99%E6%9A%8E" title="黃皙暎">黄皙暎</a>的《去三浦的路》、吴贞姬的《火的江》等。1980年代,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B2%B3%E5%B0%8F%E8%AA%AA" title="大河小說">大河小说</a>煥發生机,代表作有黄皙暎的《张吉山》等。1990年代,大量商业小说开始出现,比如洪盛原的《月和刀》。另外许多女性作家开始在韩国文坛出现<sup id="cite_ref-xd_175-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xd-175"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2016年,女作家<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%B1%9F_(%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6)" title="韩江 (作家)">韩江</a>获<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%B8%83%E5%85%8B%E5%A5%96" class="mw-redirect" title="国际布克奖">国际布克奖</a>,后又于2024年摘得<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔文学奖">诺贝尔文学奖</a><sup id="cite_ref-诺奖_176-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-诺奖-176"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="陶瓷"><span id=".E9.99.B6.E7.93.B7"></span>陶瓷</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=39" title="编辑章节:陶瓷"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7" title="朝鲜陶瓷">朝鲜陶瓷</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%EC%B2%AD%EC%9E%90_%EC%83%81%EA%B0%90_%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%84_%ED%95%99%EB%AC%B4%EB%8A%AC_%EB%84%A4%EA%B7%80_%ED%95%AD%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC,_%EA%B3%A0%EB%A0%A4,_%EB%86%92%EC%9D%B4_23.8cm,_%EB%B3%B8%EA%B4%801984.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/%EC%B2%AD%EC%9E%90_%EC%83%81%EA%B0%90_%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%84_%ED%95%99%EB%AC%B4%EB%8A%AC_%EB%84%A4%EA%B7%80_%ED%95%AD%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%2C_%EA%B3%A0%EB%A0%A4%2C_%EB%86%92%EC%9D%B4_23.8cm%2C_%EB%B3%B8%EA%B4%801984.jpg/150px-%EC%B2%AD%EC%9E%90_%EC%83%81%EA%B0%90_%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%84_%ED%95%99%EB%AC%B4%EB%8A%AC_%EB%84%A4%EA%B7%80_%ED%95%AD%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%2C_%EA%B3%A0%EB%A0%A4%2C_%EB%86%92%EC%9D%B4_23.8cm%2C_%EB%B3%B8%EA%B4%801984.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/%EC%B2%AD%EC%9E%90_%EC%83%81%EA%B0%90_%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%84_%ED%95%99%EB%AC%B4%EB%8A%AC_%EB%84%A4%EA%B7%80_%ED%95%AD%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%2C_%EA%B3%A0%EB%A0%A4%2C_%EB%86%92%EC%9D%B4_23.8cm%2C_%EB%B3%B8%EA%B4%801984.jpg/225px-%EC%B2%AD%EC%9E%90_%EC%83%81%EA%B0%90_%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%84_%ED%95%99%EB%AC%B4%EB%8A%AC_%EB%84%A4%EA%B7%80_%ED%95%AD%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%2C_%EA%B3%A0%EB%A0%A4%2C_%EB%86%92%EC%9D%B4_23.8cm%2C_%EB%B3%B8%EA%B4%801984.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/%EC%B2%AD%EC%9E%90_%EC%83%81%EA%B0%90_%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%84_%ED%95%99%EB%AC%B4%EB%8A%AC_%EB%84%A4%EA%B7%80_%ED%95%AD%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%2C_%EA%B3%A0%EB%A0%A4%2C_%EB%86%92%EC%9D%B4_23.8cm%2C_%EB%B3%B8%EA%B4%801984.jpg/300px-%EC%B2%AD%EC%9E%90_%EC%83%81%EA%B0%90_%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%84_%ED%95%99%EB%AC%B4%EB%8A%AC_%EB%84%A4%EA%B7%80_%ED%95%AD%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%2C_%EA%B3%A0%EB%A0%A4%2C_%EB%86%92%EC%9D%B4_23.8cm%2C_%EB%B3%B8%EA%B4%801984.jpg 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="429" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%BA%97%E9%9D%92%E7%93%B7" title="高麗青瓷">高丽青瓷</a>之<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B6%E5%B5%8C%E9%9D%92%E7%93%B7" title="镶嵌青瓷">镶嵌青瓷</a></figcaption></figure> <p>朝鮮半島在<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E5%99%A8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="铁器时代">铁器时代</a>就能用<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%99%E7%AA%91" title="龙窑">龙窑</a>制做质量上乘的陶器<sup id="cite_ref-金银珍_177-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-金银珍-177"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>11-12</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜三国时代">三国时期</a>,朝鮮半島的陶器传入日本,是为<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%9D%9F%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="古坟时代">古坟时代</a>的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="须惠器" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="須恵器"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%BB%E6%83%A0%E5%99%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="须惠器(页面不存在)">须惠器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A0%88%E6%81%B5%E5%99%A8" class="extiw" title="ja:須恵器"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">須恵器</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-郭富纯_178-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-郭富纯-178"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-王明星_179-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-王明星-179"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。9世纪后期,<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%96%B0%E7%BD%97" title="统一新罗">统一新罗</a>从中国引进制瓷技术,成为世界上最早引进制瓷技术的国家之一<sup id="cite_ref-赵征_180-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-赵征-180"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>朝鲜半島在<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="高丽">高丽</a>时期的制瓷技术到达了很高的水平,创造出翡色青瓷、<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B6%E5%B5%8C%E9%9D%92%E7%93%B7" title="镶嵌青瓷">镶嵌青瓷</a>等独具特色的<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%BA%97%E9%9D%92%E7%93%B7" title="高麗青瓷">高丽青瓷</a>,并出口到包括青瓷发祥地中国在内的世界其它国家。学术界有观点认为高丽青瓷在某些方面甚至超越了其母体<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="宋代">宋代</a>青瓷<sup id="cite_ref-刘毅_181-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-刘毅-181"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-东方晓_182-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-东方晓-182"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朝鲜王朝">朝鲜王朝</a>时期,朝鮮陶瓷在“尚白”的风尚下由青瓷经<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%89%E9%9D%92%E6%B2%99%E5%99%A8" title="粉青沙器">粉青沙器</a>过渡到<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E7%99%BD%E7%93%B7" title="朝鮮白瓷">朝鲜白瓷</a>。通过学习、借鉴中国瓷器,朝鲜烧制出纯白瓷、镶嵌白瓷、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E7%94%BB%E7%99%BD%E7%93%B7" title="铁画白瓷">铁画白瓷</a>等具有本土特色的瓷器品种,并结合本民族审美艺术创造出独具特色的风格<sup id="cite_ref-金银珍_177-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-金银珍-177"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>129</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E5%8E%86%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="万历朝鲜战争">万历朝鲜战争</a>期间,制瓷技术从朝鮮半島传入日本,使日本从陶器时代进入瓷器时代<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_183-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-183"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>163</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-郭富纯_178-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-郭富纯-178"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-王明星_179-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-王明星-179"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。日本<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E7%94%B0%E7%83%A7" title="有田烧">有田烧</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%91%A9%E7%83%A7" title="萨摩烧">萨摩烧</a>等都是从朝鮮半島传入日本<sup id="cite_ref-郭富纯_178-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-郭富纯-178"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-王明星_179-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-王明星-179"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>近代由于西方文化的冲击和日本的侵略,韩国陶瓷走向衰落。韩国光复后,<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="首尔大学">首尔大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%A8%E8%8A%B1%E5%A5%B3%E5%AD%90%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="梨花女子大學">梨花女子大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E7%9B%8A%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="弘益大學">弘益大学</a>等高等院校纷纷陆续开始教授陶瓷课程。1955年,韩国在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>洛克菲勒财团的资助下成立了复兴传统陶瓷文化的首家研究机构——造型文化研究所。进入21世纪后,韩国在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%95%BF%E9%81%93" title="京畿道">京畿道</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" title="利川市 (韓國)">利川</a>创建了陶瓷财团<sup id="cite_ref-李伶美_184-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-李伶美-184"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国每年以利川为中心举行世界陶瓷博览会<sup id="cite_ref-金善范_185-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-金善范-185"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="电影"><span id=".E7.94.B5.E5.BD.B1"></span>电影</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=40" title="编辑章节:电影"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国电影">韩国电影</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韓國電影列表">韓國電影列表</a></div> <p>自19世纪末<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1" title="电影">电影</a>首次被引入朝鮮半島以来,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国电影">韩国电影</a>至今已有百余年历史<sup id="cite_ref-百年_186-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-百年-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>编者序2</span></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="朝鲜战争">朝鲜战争</a>后,韩国电影进入繁荣期,数量和质量都取得较大的进步<sup id="cite_ref-百年_186-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-百年-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>编者序2</span></sup>。1970年代,由于<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%AD%A3%E7%86%99" title="朴正熙">朴正熙</a>的独裁统治,韩国电影很快从繁荣走向萧条。朴正熙<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%9C%88%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%B0" title="十月维新">维新体制</a>解体后的1980年代,韩国电影开始出现转机<sup id="cite_ref-电影史_187-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-电影史-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>编者序2</span></sup>。进入1990年代后,特别是1996年废除电影审查制度后,韩国电影再次进入快速发展期<sup id="cite_ref-电影史_187-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-电影史-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>351-352</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-百年_186-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-百年-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>296-297</span></sup>。1993年-2005年,韩国电影在本国市场的占有率从15.9%上升到60%,票房翻了两番<sup id="cite_ref-电影史_187-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-电影史-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>编者序1</span></sup>。1993年,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E6%AC%8A%E6%BE%A4" title="林權澤">林权泽</a>执导的有关韩国传统艺术<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%98%E7%B4%A2%E9%87%8C" title="盘索里">盘索里</a>的影片《<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BE%BF%E5%88%B6" title="西便制">西便制</a>》取得历史性的成功,突破100万观众的大关<sup id="cite_ref-电影史_187-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-电影史-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>333</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-百年_186-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-百年-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>325</span></sup>。1999年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9C%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%AD" title="姜帝圭">姜帝圭</a>导演的《<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%AD%BB%E8%B0%8D%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="生死谍变">生死谍变</a>》放映仅21天就突破《西便制》的百万票房纪录,最终创下580万的票房,超过当时好莱坞巨片《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9D%A6%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B%E5%8F%B7_(1997%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1)" title="泰坦尼克号 (1997年电影)">泰坦尼克号</a>》在韩的票房纪录,引发韩国大片的热潮<sup id="cite_ref-电影史_187-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-电影史-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>372</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-百年_186-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-百年-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>331-332</span></sup>。2003年和2004年,《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E5%B0%BE%E5%B3%B6" title="實尾島">实尾岛</a>》和《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E6%A5%B5%E6%97%97%E9%A3%84%E6%8F%9A" title="太極旗飄揚">太极旗飘扬</a>》两部大片使韩国电影开启1000万观众的新纪元。在电影观众数目几何级增长的同时,韩国在2002至2004年的两年内收获<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%9B%E7%BA%B3%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E8%8A%82" title="戛纳电影节">戛纳电影节</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E8%8A%82" title="威尼斯电影节">威尼斯电影节</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E8%8A%82" class="mw-redirect" title="柏林电影节">柏林电影节</a>世界三大影展的最佳导演奖<sup id="cite_ref-电影史_187-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-电影史-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>351-353</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-百年_186-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-百年-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>325-332</span></sup>。2020年2月,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%89%E4%BF%8A%E6%98%8A" title="奉俊昊">奉俊昊</a>执导的《寄生上流》在获2019年戛纳电影节最高奖项<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%A3%95%E6%A6%88%E5%A5%96" title="金棕榈奖">金棕榈奖</a>后<sup id="cite_ref-奉俊昊_188-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-奉俊昊-188"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,又在2020年2月斩获<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC92%E5%B1%8A%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E9%87%91%E5%83%8F%E5%A5%96" class="mw-redirect" title="第92届奥斯卡金像奖">奥斯卡</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%B3%E5%BD%B1%E7%89%87%E5%A5%96" title="奥斯卡最佳影片奖">最佳影片</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%B3%E5%AF%BC%E6%BC%94%E5%A5%96" title="奥斯卡最佳导演奖">最佳导演</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%B3%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%9B%E5%89%A7%E6%9C%AC%E5%A5%96" title="奥斯卡最佳原创剧本奖">最佳原创</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%B3%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%BD%B1%E7%89%87%E5%A5%96" title="奥斯卡最佳国际影片奖">最佳国际影片</a>4项大奖,成为首部赢得<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%B3%E5%BD%B1%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="奥斯卡最佳影片">奥斯卡最佳影片</a>的非英语电影<sup id="cite_ref-奉俊昊2_189-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-奉俊昊2-189"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩国每年举行包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E8%8A%82" class="mw-redirect" title="釜山国际电影节">釜山国际电影节</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%B7%9D%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1%E7%AF%80" class="mw-redirect" title="富川國際電影節">富川国际电影节</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%B7%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1%E7%AF%80" title="全州國際電影節">全州国际电影节</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="光州國際電影節" data-lang-code="ko" data-lang-name="朝鲜语" data-foreign-title="광주국제영화제"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%89%E5%B7%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1%E7%AF%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="光州國際電影節(页面不存在)">光州國際電影節</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">朝鲜语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%91%EC%A3%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C%EC%98%81%ED%99%94%EC%A0%9C" class="extiw" title="ko:광주국제영화제"><span lang="ko" dir="auto">광주국제영화제</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span>等20多个国际电影节<sup id="cite_ref-电影史_187-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-电影史-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>367</span></sup>。其中,开始于1996年的釜山国际电影节已经发展成为亚洲最具代表性的国际电影节之一<sup id="cite_ref-百年_186-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-百年-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>297-298</span></sup>。韩国主要的电影奖项有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%90%98%E7%8D%8E" title="大鐘獎">大钟奖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%BE%8D%E7%8D%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="青龍獎">青龙奖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E5%8F%B2%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E5%A5%96" class="mw-redirect" title="春史电影艺术奖">春史电影艺术奖</a>。其中,春史电影艺术奖由韩国电影工作者协会为纪念电影开拓者春史<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BA%91%E5%A5%8E" title="罗云奎">罗云奎</a>导演(1904-1937年)于1990年创建,完全由电影人来经营<sup id="cite_ref-百年_186-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-百年-186"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>310</span></sup>。为了收集、保存韩国电影,韩国从1996年开始实施电影义务纳本制度,电影公司义务向韩国映像资料院提供电影拷贝。1997年以后制作的韩国电影全部保存<sup id="cite_ref-电影史_187-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-电影史-187"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>编者序2</span></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="电视剧"><span id=".E7.94.B5.E8.A7.86.E5.89.A7"></span>电视剧</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=41" title="编辑章节:电视剧"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国电视剧">韩国电视剧</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国电视剧列表">韩国电视剧列表</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%89%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="韩剧">韩剧</a>在<a href="/wiki/1980%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1980年代">1980年代</a>随着彩色电视的普及而兴起<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>97</span></sup>。1987年,韩国实现民主化后颁布了新的《电视法》<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>10</span></sup>,后又在1990年做了修订,允许民营电视台和有线电视台进入电视广播产业。1991年,民营商业电视台SBS的成立使韩剧产业形成KBS、MBC和SBS三足鼎立的格局,各电台间的竞争也变得日益激烈<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>16-17</span></sup>,电视剧市场开始出现分化,电视剧类型也开始多样化,出现了家庭剧、青春偶像剧、历史剧、时代反思剧、<a href="/wiki/%E6%83%85%E6%99%AF%E5%96%9C%E5%89%A7" title="情景喜剧">情景喜剧</a>等各种类型<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>17-19</span></sup>。1997年,韩剧《爱情是什么》在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B0" title="中国中央电视台">中国中央电视台</a>热播,使韩剧开始在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中国</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A" title="东南亚">东南亚</a>地区流行,成为“<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%B5%81" class="mw-redirect" title="韩流">韩流</a>”的重要组成部分<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>序1</span></sup>。2000年开始,韩剧与韩流在世界更大范围流行,进入兴盛期<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>20</span></sup>。2021年,《<a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%BF%E9%B1%BC%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="鱿鱼游戏">鱿鱼游戏</a>》播出后大受欢迎,开播仅17天就动员1.11亿户观众,播放量在94个国家的排行榜上位居首位,成为<a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a>最受欢迎的原创剧集<sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>传统的韩剧采用“PD合一”的制作模式,即制片人与导演的职责由一个人来担任,被称为PD(Producer和Director的首字母组合)<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>63</span></sup>。此外,韩剧采取“边写、边拍、边播”的体制。<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7" title="电视剧">电视剧</a>开拍前一般只需三分之一的剧本和梗概。电视剧的播放一般也只需30%左右的完成片<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>76</span></sup>。为追求<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B6%E8%A7%86%E7%8E%87" title="收视率">收视率</a>,剧组人员可根据观众的需求确定剧情的发展和最后的结局<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>77</span></sup>。韩剧在制作上普遍采用双机位或三机位拍摄,而且不会打乱顺序在同一个场景拍摄多个剧情,为演员情绪和表演的连贯性提供保证<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>144</span></sup>。此外,韩剧还非常重视后期的调色<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>150</span></sup>。 </p><p>韩剧体现着韩国东西合璧混合文化的特点<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>30-31</span></sup>,通过挖掘人性之美,褒扬真、善、美,塑造执著、坚忍、充满朝气的人物形象,倡导夫妻恩爱、孝敬父母、诚实守信,珍惜亲情等传统<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%84%92%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國儒學">儒家思想</a><sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>37</span></sup>。曾风靡一时的Fusion史剧《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%95%B7%E4%BB%8A_(%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8A%87)" title="大長今 (電視劇)">大长今</a>》在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E5%8D%AB%E8%A7%86" title="湖南卫视">湖南卫视</a>播出的时候,甚至被冠以了“青春励志片”的宣传口号<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>38</span></sup>。《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E9%9A%8E%E6%A2%AF" title="天國的階梯">天國的阶梯</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AC%E5%AD%A3%E6%81%8B%E6%AD%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="冬季恋歌">冬季恋歌</a>》等爱情剧则演绎的是不离不弃、坚贞不渝的爱情故事<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>36</span></sup>。韩剧大多很“洁净”,正面人物多斯文有礼、遵章守纪,即使是热恋的情侣也很少有过火的镜头,可以在任何时段播出,适合全家人一起观看<sup id="cite_ref-董旸_190-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>38-39</span></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="音乐"><span id=".E9.9F.B3.E4.B9.90"></span>音乐</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=42" title="编辑章节:音乐"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%82%B3%E7%B5%B1%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國傳統音樂">韩国传统音乐</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国流行音乐">韩国流行音乐</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KOCIS_London_Korea_Classic_JoSumi_01_(7696506078).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/KOCIS_London_Korea_Classic_JoSumi_01_%287696506078%29.jpg/200px-KOCIS_London_Korea_Classic_JoSumi_01_%287696506078%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/KOCIS_London_Korea_Classic_JoSumi_01_%287696506078%29.jpg/300px-KOCIS_London_Korea_Classic_JoSumi_01_%287696506078%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/KOCIS_London_Korea_Classic_JoSumi_01_%287696506078%29.jpg/400px-KOCIS_London_Korea_Classic_JoSumi_01_%287696506078%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="902" data-file-height="596" /></a><figcaption>韩国女高音歌唱家曹秀美在英国伦敦演唱会现场</figcaption></figure> <p>韩国当代音乐分为传统音乐和西洋音乐。传统音乐又称为“国乐”,主要包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%B1%E5%89%A7" title="唱剧">唱剧</a>、板唱和民俗音乐<sup id="cite_ref-金光熙_192-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-金光熙-192"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>384-386</span></sup>。韩国第一个交响乐团是1945年9月成立的韩国交响乐团,之后又出现了<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%82%E7%AB%8B%E4%BA%A4%E5%93%8D%E4%B9%90%E5%9B%A2" title="首尔市立交响乐团">首尔市立交响乐团</a>(1957年)、<a href="/wiki/KBS%E4%BA%A4%E9%9F%BF%E6%A8%82%E5%9C%98" title="KBS交響樂團">KBS交響樂團</a>(1956年)等交响乐团<sup id="cite_ref-手册_64-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-手册-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>245</span></sup>。韩国乐坛有个著名的郑氏家族,包括“东洋魔女”<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%8F%90%E7%90%B4" title="小提琴">小提琴</a>演奏家姐姐郑京和、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%8F%90%E7%90%B4" title="大提琴">大提琴</a>演奏家妹妹郑明和、世界级<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E6%8C%A5%E5%AE%B6" title="指挥家">指挥家</a>哥哥<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%91%E6%98%8E%E5%8B%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="郑明勋">郑明勋</a>。韩国女童大提琴家<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E6%B1%89%E5%A8%9C" title="张汉娜">张汉娜</a>在12岁时获得罗斯特罗维奇国际大提琴比赛大奖和当代音乐奖<sup id="cite_ref-金光熙_192-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-金光熙-192"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>386</span></sup>。许多韩国音乐家比如<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E6%88%90%E7%8F%8D" title="赵成珍">赵成珍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E4%BB%81%E6%A8%A1" title="梁仁模">梁仁模</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E5%A4%8F%E8%8B%B1" title="崔夏英">崔夏英</a>等先后在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%BD%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%E7%8E%8B%E5%90%8E%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E6%AF%94%E8%B5%9B" title="伊丽莎白王后国际音乐比赛">伊丽莎白王后国际音乐比赛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%B4%E5%8F%AF%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E6%AF%94%E8%B3%BD" title="柴可夫斯基國際音樂比賽">柴可夫斯基音乐比赛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A7%E9%82%A6%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%92%A2%E7%90%B4%E6%AF%94%E8%B5%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="萧邦国际钢琴比赛">萧邦国际钢琴比赛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%8F%E6%8F%90%E7%90%B4%E5%A4%A7%E8%B3%BD" title="帕格尼尼小提琴大賽">帕格尼尼小提琴大赛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%B4%9D%E6%9F%B3%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%B0%8F%E6%8F%90%E7%90%B4%E6%AF%94%E8%B5%9B" title="西贝柳斯国际小提琴比赛">西贝柳斯国际小提琴比赛</a>等国际音乐大赛中取得优异的成绩<sup id="cite_ref-Elisabeth_193-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elisabeth-193"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tchaikovsky_194-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tchaikovsky-194"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-亚洲_195-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-亚洲-195"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>国民歌手<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%AE%B9%E5%BC%BC" title="赵容弼">赵容弼</a>是20世纪70-80年代<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国流行音乐">韩国流行音乐</a>的巨星。他1972年出道发行的单曲专辑《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="回到釜山港" data-lang-code="ko" data-lang-name="朝鲜语" data-foreign-title="돌아와요 부산항에"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%87%9C%E5%B1%B1%E6%B8%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="回到釜山港(页面不存在)">回到釜山港</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">朝鲜语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%8C%EC%95%84%EC%99%80%EC%9A%94_%EB%B6%80%EC%82%B0%ED%95%AD%EC%97%90" class="extiw" title="ko:돌아와요 부산항에"><span lang="ko" dir="auto">돌아와요 부산항에</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span>》,销量达到100万张。这在当时人口只有3,300万人的韩国是个天文数字<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>199</span></sup>。1992年出道的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%A4%AA%E5%BF%97%E5%92%8C%E5%AD%A9%E5%AD%90%E5%80%91" title="徐太志和孩子們">徐太志和孩子们</a>通过融合西方音乐与韩国文化,成为韩国流行音乐的分水岭<sup id="cite_ref-Yoon-mi_196-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yoon-mi-196"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2000年2月,韩国组合<a href="/wiki/H.O.T" class="mw-redirect" title="H.O.T">H.O.T</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="北京">北京</a>成功举行韩国流行乐首个海外音乐会<sup id="cite_ref-Hyung-eun_197-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hyung-eun-197"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/2002%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E8%B5%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="2002年世界杯足球赛">2002年世界杯足球赛</a>期间<a href="/wiki/Baby_V.O.X" title="Baby V.O.X">Baby V.O.X</a>的单曲《Coincidence》开始走红<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a>。同年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9D%E5%84%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="宝儿">宝儿</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>发行的专辑《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Listen to My Heart" data-lang-code="ko" data-lang-name="朝鲜语" data-foreign-title="LISTEN TO MY HEART (음반)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Listen_to_My_Heart&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Listen to My Heart(页面不存在)">Listen to My Heart</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">朝鲜语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/LISTEN_TO_MY_HEART_(%EC%9D%8C%EB%B0%98)" class="extiw" title="ko:LISTEN TO MY HEART (음반)"><span lang="ko" dir="auto">LISTEN TO MY HEART (음반)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span>》荣登日本<a href="/wiki/Oricon" title="Oricon">Oricon</a>排行榜首位,成为韩国首位获得Oricon排行榜冠军的艺人<sup id="cite_ref-张李梅子_198-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-张李梅子-198"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>166</span></sup>。2006年歌手<a href="/wiki/Rain" title="Rain">Rain</a>成为韩国首位入选美国《<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E6%9D%82%E5%BF%97" class="mw-redirect" title="时代杂志">时代杂志</a>》<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E7%99%BE%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9" title="时代百大人物">百大人物</a><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>。2008年1月16日,韩国组合<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E7%A5%9E%E8%B5%B7" title="東方神起">东方神起</a>的单曲《Purple Line》登上日本Oricon排行榜首位,成为首个荣登日本Oricon排行榜首位的非日本男子组合<sup id="cite_ref-山川智_200-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-山川智-200"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>2</span></sup>。在此之后,大量的韩国流行乐开始进入日本和其它亚洲国家<sup id="cite_ref-任晓红_201-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-任晓红-201"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2011年,<a href="/wiki/BIGBANG" title="BIGBANG">BIGBANG</a>获得欧洲主要音乐奖项<a href="/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4MTV%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E5%A4%A7%E7%8D%8E" title="2011年MTV歐洲音樂大獎">MTV欧洲音乐大奖</a><sup id="cite_ref-EMA_202-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EMA-202"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2012年<a href="/wiki/PSY" title="PSY">PSY</a>的单曲《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%8D%97Style" title="江南Style">江南Style</a>》借助<a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>迅速红遍全球,西方领导人甚至在外交场合聊侃PSY和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國流行文化">韩国流行文化</a><sup id="cite_ref-psy_203-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-psy-203"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2017年5月21日,<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B2%E5%BD%88%E5%B0%91%E5%B9%B4%E5%9C%98" title="防彈少年團">防彈少年團</a>在第24屆《<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%8A%E7%A4%BA%E7%89%8C%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E7%8D%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="告示牌音樂獎">美國告示牌音樂獎</a>》獲頒<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%8A%E7%A4%BA%E7%89%8C%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E7%8D%8E%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%B3%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E8%97%9D%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="告示牌音樂獎最佳社群媒體藝人">最佳社群媒體藝人</a>,並以3億的投票數打破了Billboard紀錄,成為此獎項設立以來第一個獲獎的亞洲歌手<sup id="cite_ref-BTS_204-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BTS-204"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="网络游戏"><span id=".E7.BD.91.E7.BB.9C.E6.B8.B8.E6.88.8F"></span>网络游戏</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=43" title="编辑章节:网络游戏"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="韩国电子游戏" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Video gaming in South Korea"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="韩国电子游戏(页面不存在)">韩国电子游戏</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_gaming_in_South_Korea" class="extiw" title="en:Video gaming in South Korea"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Video gaming in South Korea</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F" title="网络游戏">网络游戏</a>业在韩国是个发展迅速的产业,1998-2008年间,年均增长率在20%以上,产业规模在十年間增加八倍<sup id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-205"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F" title="网络游戏">网络游戏</a>的兴起开始于1996年《风之国度》上市。《风之国度》超越了基于图形网络游戏的象征性意义,从而改变了韩国游戏市场的样式。对遭遇非法复制的游戏市场起到了很大的约束作用,成为游戏市场新诞生的典范<sup id="cite_ref-网易游戏_206-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-网易游戏-206"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。《风之国度》的成功使网络游戏迅速商业化。1998年<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%A0%82_(%E9%81%8A%E6%88%B2)" title="天堂 (遊戲)">《天堂》</a>上市后取得巨大商业成功,从而吸引更多的资金和投资者进入网络游戏行业<sup id="cite_ref-网易游戏_206-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-网易游戏-206"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国目前已是世界<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F" title="网络游戏">网络游戏</a>出口大国,2012年韩国游戏出口额达到26.39亿美元,是2012年韩国文化产品出口总额(46.11亿美元)的57%远超<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="音乐">音乐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1" title="电影">电影</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7" title="电视剧">电视剧</a>等<sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2017年,韓國<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%81%E5%8C%A0%E5%9C%98" title="魁匠團">藍洞</a>公司推出了<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E5%9C%B0%E6%B1%82%E7%94%9F" title="絕地求生">絕地求生</a>(PUBG),受到好評。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="饮食文化"><span id=".E9.A5.AE.E9.A3.9F.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>饮食文化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=44" title="编辑章节:饮食文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%99%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国料理">韩国料理</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korean_cuisine-Bibimbap-08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Korean_cuisine-Bibimbap-08.jpg/200px-Korean_cuisine-Bibimbap-08.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Korean_cuisine-Bibimbap-08.jpg/300px-Korean_cuisine-Bibimbap-08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Korean_cuisine-Bibimbap-08.jpg/400px-Korean_cuisine-Bibimbap-08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E9%94%85%E6%8B%8C%E9%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="石锅拌饭">石锅拌饭</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%99%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国料理">韩国料理</a>口味以清淡为主。<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%BB%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="稻米">稻米</a>是韩国人最普遍的主食。<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E9%94%85%E6%8B%8C%E9%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="石锅拌饭">石锅拌饭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E8%8F%9C%E5%8C%85%E9%A5%AD" title="紫菜包饭">紫菜包饭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%BC%8F%E7%82%92%E5%B9%B4%E7%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="韩式炒年糕">韩式炒年糕</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A1%E8%8F%9C%E7%82%92%E9%A3%AF" title="泡菜炒飯">泡菜炒饭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%87%92%E7%83%A4" title="韓國燒烤">韓國燒烤</a>等都是韩国料理中常见的主食<sup id="cite_ref-秦桂芳_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-秦桂芳-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>176</span></sup>。在韩国,<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89" title="牛肉">牛肉</a>是肉类中最贵的,而<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%AA%E8%82%89" class="mw-redirect" title="猪肉">猪肉</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A1%E8%82%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鸡肉">鸡肉</a>的价格都相对便宜。韩国本地产的牛肉被称为“<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E7%89%9B" title="韓牛">韩牛</a>”。“韩牛”经精心饲养肉质鲜美,在韩国是价格最贵的牛肉,也是上乘的礼品<sup id="cite_ref-208" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-208"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-209" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-209"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hur_210-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hur-210"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>与其他饮食文化不同,汤在韩国料理中不是饭前或饭后的配菜,而是与主食一起食用的主菜。韩国料理中的汤一般放有肉或海鲜,汤水较少。常见的汤有<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E9%B8%A1%E6%B1%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="参鸡汤">参鸡汤</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%85%B1%E6%B1%A4" title="大酱汤">大酱汤</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E8%BE%B2%E6%B9%AF" title="先農湯">先农汤</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%A5%BA%E6%B1%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="水饺汤">水饺汤</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A1%E8%8F%9C%E9%8D%8B" title="泡菜鍋">泡菜锅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AF%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90%E6%B1%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="纯豆腐汤">纯豆腐汤</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%B6%E6%B9%AF" title="海帶湯">海带汤</a>等<sup id="cite_ref-秦桂芳_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-秦桂芳-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>176</span></sup>。泡菜是韩国料理中的重要成员。韩式泡菜种类繁多,其类别在韩国各地有所不同。韩国人在不同的季节也食用不同的泡菜<sup id="cite_ref-秦桂芳_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-秦桂芳-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>174</span></sup>。由于韩国泡菜<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%B7%AF%E9%87%8C" title="卡路里">卡路里</a>含量低、富含<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0" title="纤维素">纤维素</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="维生素">维生素</a>和一种对人体有益的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E6%9D%86%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="乳杆菌">乳杆</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8A%E7%94%9F%E8%8F%8C" title="益生菌">益生菌</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%BC%8F%E6%B3%A1%E8%8F%9C" title="韓式泡菜">韩式泡菜</a>被美国<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E5%8D%8E%E7%BA%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="时代华纳">时代华纳</a>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="健康杂志" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Health (magazine)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E6%9D%82%E5%BF%97&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="健康杂志(页面不存在)">健康杂志</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_(magazine)" class="extiw" title="en:Health (magazine)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Health (magazine)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span>》评为世界5大最健康食品之一<sup id="cite_ref-211" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-211"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-212"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国料理中常见的面条有<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%B7%E9%9D%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国冷面">韩国冷面</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E8%91%A3%E9%9D%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="骨董面">骨董面</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%9C%E8%8F%9C_(%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE)" title="雜菜 (朝鮮)">杂菜</a>等。韩国代表性的甜点小吃包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E6%89%93%E7%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鮮打糕">打糕</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E8%8F%93" title="韩菓">韩菓</a>等<sup id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-213"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>与<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a>的餐桌礼仪不同,盛米饭和汤的碗是不应该被拿起的<sup id="cite_ref-canli_214-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-canli-214"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。韩国人使用金属作的长柄<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%99" title="匙">匙</a>来吃饭喝汤。韩式的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%B7%E5%AD%90" title="筷子">筷子</a>是扁平的金属筷子,只用来夹菜,不用来吃米饭<sup id="cite_ref-canli_214-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-canli-214"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。年轻人不应该在长辈或客人之前拿起筷子吃饭,也不应该在长辈或客人之前吃完饭<sup id="cite_ref-canli_214-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-canli-214"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="酒文化"><span id=".E9.85.92.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>酒文化</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=45" title="编辑章节:酒文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korean_cuisine-Bulgogi-Nakji_bokkeum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Korean_cuisine-Bulgogi-Nakji_bokkeum.jpg/200px-Korean_cuisine-Bulgogi-Nakji_bokkeum.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Korean_cuisine-Bulgogi-Nakji_bokkeum.jpg/300px-Korean_cuisine-Bulgogi-Nakji_bokkeum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Korean_cuisine-Bulgogi-Nakji_bokkeum.jpg/400px-Korean_cuisine-Bulgogi-Nakji_bokkeum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3261" data-file-height="2148" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%99%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国料理">韩国料理</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%85%92" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国酒">韩国酒</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%85%92%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="韩国酒文化">韩国酒文化</a></div> <p>韩国是<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE%E9%A5%AE%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="酒精饮料">酒精饮料</a>的消费大国,人均酒精消耗量位居世界前列<sup id="cite_ref-任晓礼_215-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-任晓礼-215"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%83%A7%E9%85%92" title="韩国烧酒">韩国烧酒</a>是韩国国内消费量最大的酒精饮品,也是世界上最畅销的<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92" title="酒">酒</a>,其中韩国著名的烧酒品牌<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E9%9C%B2" title="真露">真露</a>居世界烈酒销量之首。韩国烧酒口感清新、酒精度数低、价格便宜在欧美是非常受欢迎的白酒<sup id="cite_ref-王薇_216-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-王薇-216"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-环球_217-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-环球-217"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2008年,美国著名的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E5%A7%86-%E9%9F%A6%E4%BC%AF%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="梅里亚姆-韦伯斯特">韦伯斯特字典</a>已将韩国烧酒“Soju”一词正式收录其中<sup id="cite_ref-环球_217-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-环球-217"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。除烧酒外,韩国常见的酒还有<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B8%85%E9%85%92" title="韩国清酒">清酒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="马格利">浊酒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E9%85%92" title="果酒">果酒</a>、花酒、药酒等。啤酒在韩国也越来越受欢迎。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%89%B9%E5%95%A4%E9%85%92" title="海特啤酒">海特啤酒</a>是韩国最大的啤酒生产商<sup id="cite_ref-218" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-218"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2005年,海特啤酒与真露合并成为海特真露集团<sup id="cite_ref-219" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-219"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>韩国人喝酒很讲究,要相互倒酒以表示友谊。为别人斟酒,一定要用右手拿瓶,左手要扶着右手,以示尊重。用左手斟酒被认为是不礼貌的。接受者也要双手捧杯,以示谢意。与中国人不断地为客人续酒有很大的不同,韩国人喝酒不喜欢续酒,而喜欢一杯喝完再倒。晚辈与长辈喝酒时,晚辈要先向长辈倒酒。在长辈先喝酒后,才能饮酒。饮酒时不能面对着长辈而要把脸稍转向左侧再喝。<sup id="cite_ref-童友_220-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-童友-220"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="茶文化"><span id=".E8.8C.B6.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>茶文化</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=46" title="编辑章节:茶文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korean_tea_and_yugwa-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Korean_tea_and_yugwa-01.jpg/200px-Korean_tea_and_yugwa-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Korean_tea_and_yugwa-01.jpg/300px-Korean_tea_and_yugwa-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Korean_tea_and_yugwa-01.jpg/400px-Korean_tea_and_yugwa-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%AD%A3%E6%9E%9C" title="水正果">水正果</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E8%8F%93" title="韩菓">韩菓</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%8C%B6%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="韩国茶文化">韩国茶文化</a></div> <p>韩国的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%B6%E5%8F%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="茶叶">茶叶</a>最初是在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜三国时期">朝鲜三国时期</a>从<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a>引入,历史上曾盛行<sup id="cite_ref-221" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-221"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朝鲜王朝">朝鲜王朝</a>中后期茶叶开始在朝鲜半岛衰退,不过1980年代以来,茶叶茶开始在韩国复兴。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%8C%B6%E7%A4%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国茶礼">韩国茶礼</a>作为韩国<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%B6%E5%84%80%E5%BC%8F" title="茶儀式">茶仪式</a>有千年的历史。韩国茶礼以“和、敬、俭、真”为宗旨。“和”,即善良之心地;“敬”,即敬重、礼遇;“俭”,即俭朴、清廉;“真”,即以诚相待。韩国的茶礼种类繁多、各具特色。按名茶类型区分,可分为“末茶法”、“饼茶法”、“钱茶法”、“叶茶法”四种<sup id="cite_ref-222" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>与茶叶茶不同,韩国传统茶在韩国非常流行。传统茶不使用<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%B6%E5%8F%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="茶叶">茶叶</a>,可以放几百种材料,大多数会加入<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E8%9C%9C" title="蜂蜜">蜂蜜</a>。“传统茶”不用开水冲泡,而是将原料长时间浸泡、发酵或熬制而成,是一种天然与健康的饮品。常见的韩国传统茶有<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="人参茶" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Insamcha"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%82%E8%8C%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="人参茶(页面不存在)">人参茶</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insamcha" class="extiw" title="en:Insamcha"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Insamcha</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E8%8C%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="菩提茶">菩提茶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%91%B3%E5%AD%90" title="五味子">五味子茶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%9A%E5%AD%90%E8%8C%B6" title="柚子茶">柚子茶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%AD%A3%E6%9E%9C" title="水正果">水正果</a>、紅棗茶等。<sup id="cite_ref-223" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-223"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="体育"><span id=".E4.BD.93.E8.82.B2"></span>体育</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=47" title="编辑章节:体育"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%AB%94%E8%82%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國體育">韓國體育</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BFA_Son_Heung_Min_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/BFA_Son_Heung_Min_2014.jpg/150px-BFA_Son_Heung_Min_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/BFA_Son_Heung_Min_2014.jpg/225px-BFA_Son_Heung_Min_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/BFA_Son_Heung_Min_2014.jpg/300px-BFA_Son_Heung_Min_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="803" data-file-height="938" /></a><figcaption>韩国足球运动员<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%99%E5%85%B4%E6%85%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="孙兴慜">孙兴慜</a></figcaption></figure> <p>韓國政府非常注重國民<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E8%82%B2%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="体育运动">體育</a>,鼓勵體育相關的產業發展,提高體育設施水準,逐步提升國家在對外競技上的實力。韩国已经成功举办了<a href="/wiki/1988%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="1988年夏季奥林匹克运动会">1988年夏季奥林匹克运动会</a>、<a href="/wiki/2002%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E8%B5%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="2002年世界杯足球赛">2002年世界杯足球赛</a>、<a href="/wiki/2003%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E7%94%9F%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="2003年夏季世界大学生运动会">2003年夏季世界大学生运动会</a>、<a href="/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%94%B0%E5%BE%91%E9%8C%A6%E6%A8%99%E8%B3%BD" title="2011年世界田徑錦標賽">2011年世界田径锦标赛</a>、<a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B4%E5%86%AC%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="2018年冬季奥林匹克运动会">2018年冬季奥林匹克运动会</a>等多个世界体育赛事和数个<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="亚运会">亚运会</a>,并取得很好的成绩<sup id="cite_ref-224" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-224"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>219<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%86%E6%8B%B3%E9%81%93" title="跆拳道">跆拳道</a>是韓國的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%8A%80" title="國技">國技</a>,有“腿击术王中王”的美誉<sup id="cite_ref-tqd_225-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tqd-225"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。「跆拳道」一詞是1955年由<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E6%B3%93%E7%86%99" title="崔泓熙">崔泓熙</a>创造,其中「跆」指踢擊、「拳」指拳擊、「<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93" title="道">道</a>」則是代表道行和自身對禮儀的修練<sup id="cite_ref-226" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-226"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>221<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。成立于1973年的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B7%86%E6%8B%B3%E9%81%93%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="世界跆拳道聯盟">世界跆拳道联盟</a>总部设在韩国首尔,每两年举办一次世界锦标赛<sup id="cite_ref-tqd_225-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tqd-225"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。跆拳道目前已经在世界各国广为推广并从<a href="/wiki/2000%E5%B9%B4%E6%82%89%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="2000年悉尼奥运会">2000年悉尼奥运会</a>开始成为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="奥运会">奥运会</a>的正式比赛项目<sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>139</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-董向荣_4-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>211-212</span></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%92%E7%90%83" title="棒球">棒球</a>是在韩国最受大众喜欢的球类运动。韩国於1982年成立<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%A3%92%E7%90%83%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83" title="韓國棒球委員會">韓國棒球委員會</a>並開始组建<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B7%E6%A5%AD%E6%A3%92%E7%90%83" class="mw-redirect" title="職業棒球">職業棒球</a>隊,目前有<a href="/wiki/LG%E5%8F%8C%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="LG双子">LG双子</a>、<a href="/wiki/NC%E6%81%90%E9%BE%8D" title="NC恐龍">NC恐龍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E8%8F%AF%E9%B7%B9" title="韓華鷹">韩华鹰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B7%E4%BA%9A%E8%99%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="起亚虎">起亚虎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E7%8B%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="三星狮">三星狮</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E5%B7%A8%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="羅德巨人">罗德巨人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%97%E5%B1%B1%E7%86%8A" title="斗山熊">斗山熊</a>、<a href="/wiki/SSG%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E8%80%85" title="SSG登陸者">SSG登陸者</a>、<a href="/wiki/KT%E5%B7%AB%E5%B8%AB" title="KT巫師">KT巫師</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%B9%E8%AD%89%E8%8B%B1%E9%9B%84" title="培證英雄">培證英雄</a>10支职业棒球队。<a href="/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="2008年夏季奥林匹克运动会">2008年夏季奥林匹克运动会</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%A3%92%E7%90%83%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="韓國棒球代表隊">韩国棒球代表隊</a>奪得了金牌。<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>210-211</span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-概况_2-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-概况-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>137</span></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83" title="足球">足球</a>是另一种在韩国广受欢迎的球类运动。韓國頂級足球聯賽是<a href="/wiki/K%E8%81%AF%E8%B3%BD" title="K聯賽">K聯賽</a>,成立于1983年是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a>最早建立的职业足球联赛<sup id="cite_ref-227" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-227"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>222<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。目前<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E9%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国国家足球队">韩国</a>已经10次入选<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E8%B5%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="世界杯足球赛">世界杯足球赛</a>决赛周,自1986年开始至今再次入选后没有一届缺席过。2002年,韩国与<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>联合举办了<a href="/wiki/2002%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E8%B5%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="2002年世界杯足球赛">2002年世界杯足球赛</a>,并取得殿軍的成绩<sup id="cite_ref-228" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-228"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="节假日"><span id=".E8.8A.82.E5.81.87.E6.97.A5"></span>节假日</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=48" title="编辑章节:节假日"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%AF%80%E6%97%A5" title="韓國節日">韓國節日</a></div> <p>韩国的节假日分为“国庆日”、“国旗揭阳日”和“公休日”三种。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%80%E8%8A%82" title="三一节">三一节</a>(3月1日)、制宪节(7月17日)、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%89%E5%A4%8D%E8%8A%82" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国光复节">光复节</a>(8月15日)、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%A4%A9%E8%8A%82" title="开天节">开天节</a>(10月3日)和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%96%87%E6%97%A5" title="韓文日">韩文日</a>(10月9日)是韩国的五个“国庆日”<sup id="cite_ref-229" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-229"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>224<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。“国庆日”在韩国是指全民共同庆祝的重要节日,与中国的国庆节有所区别<sup id="cite_ref-230" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-230"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>225<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。根据韩国国旗法,韩国各家各户和道路两旁鼓励在“国庆日”、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%AF%E5%BF%A0%E6%97%A5" title="顯忠日">显忠日</a>(降半旗)和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E6%97%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國國軍日">國軍日</a>悬挂<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%97" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国国旗">韩国国旗</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=49" title="编辑章节:注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">兩者官方及民間詳情參閱<a href="#国名">下文</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">后人为将其与<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朝鲜王朝">朝鲜王朝</a>相区别,而在其国名前添加了一个“古”字<sup id="cite_ref-简史_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-简史-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>25</span></sup>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">朝鲜的咸镜南道、咸镜北道、两江道和江原道被称为关北地方;平安南道、平安北道、慈江道、黄海南道和黄海北道被称为关西地方<sup id="cite_ref-田景_1-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-田景-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>15</span></sup>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">2015年12月31日,韓國國會通過《韓國手語法》,成為與韓國語地位對等的另一官方語言<sup id="cite_ref-수어_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-수어-132"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">此後Rain在2011年再次入選《時代雜誌》影響人物,成為目前唯一一個入選過兩次<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E7%99%BE%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9" title="时代百大人物">時代百大人物</a>的亞洲藝人</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=50" title="编辑章节:参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-田景-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-0"><sup><b>1.00</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-1"><sup><b>1.01</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-2"><sup><b>1.02</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-3"><sup><b>1.03</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-4"><sup><b>1.04</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-5"><sup><b>1.05</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-6"><sup><b>1.06</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-7"><sup><b>1.07</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-8"><sup><b>1.08</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-9"><sup><b>1.09</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-10"><sup><b>1.10</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-11"><sup><b>1.11</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-12"><sup><b>1.12</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-13"><sup><b>1.13</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-14"><sup><b>1.14</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-15"><sup><b>1.15</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-16"><sup><b>1.16</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-17"><sup><b>1.17</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-18"><sup><b>1.18</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-19"><sup><b>1.19</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-20"><sup><b>1.20</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-21"><sup><b>1.21</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-22"><sup><b>1.22</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-23"><sup><b>1.23</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-24"><sup><b>1.24</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-25"><sup><b>1.25</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-26"><sup><b>1.26</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-27"><sup><b>1.27</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-28"><sup><b>1.28</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-29"><sup><b>1.29</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-30"><sup><b>1.30</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-31"><sup><b>1.31</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-32"><sup><b>1.32</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-33"><sup><b>1.33</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-34"><sup><b>1.34</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-35"><sup><b>1.35</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-36"><sup><b>1.36</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-37"><sup><b>1.37</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-38"><sup><b>1.38</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-田景_1-39"><sup><b>1.39</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">田景等. 《韩国文化论》. 广州: 中山大学出版社. 2010年5月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787306036575" title="Special:网络书源/9787306036575"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787306036575</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E7%94%B0%E6%99%AF%E7%AD%89&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%AE%BA%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2010-05&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787306036575&amp;rft.place=%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-概况-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-0"><sup><b>2.00</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-1"><sup><b>2.01</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-2"><sup><b>2.02</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-3"><sup><b>2.03</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-4"><sup><b>2.04</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-5"><sup><b>2.05</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-6"><sup><b>2.06</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-7"><sup><b>2.07</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-8"><sup><b>2.08</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-9"><sup><b>2.09</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-10"><sup><b>2.10</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-11"><sup><b>2.11</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-12"><sup><b>2.12</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-13"><sup><b>2.13</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-14"><sup><b>2.14</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-15"><sup><b>2.15</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-16"><sup><b>2.16</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-17"><sup><b>2.17</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-18"><sup><b>2.18</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-19"><sup><b>2.19</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-20"><sup><b>2.20</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-21"><sup><b>2.21</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-22"><sup><b>2.22</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-23"><sup><b>2.23</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-24"><sup><b>2.24</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-概况_2-25"><sup><b>2.25</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">林从刚 (编). 《韩国概况》. 大连: 大连理工大学出版社. 2008年6月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787561129548" title="Special:网络书源/9787561129548"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787561129548</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E6%9E%97%E4%BB%8E%E5%88%9A&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2008-06&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787561129548&amp;rft.place=%E5%A4%A7%E8%BF%9E&amp;rft.pub=%E5%A4%A7%E8%BF%9E%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-手語-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-手語_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.law.go.kr/%EB%B2%95%EB%A0%B9/%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%88%98%ED%99%94%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4%EB%B2%95/(13978,20160203)">한국수화언어법 &#91;시행 2016.8.4.&#93; &#91;법률 제13978호, 2016.2.3., 제정&#93;</a>. 2016-08-04 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2019-10-25</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200318141557/http://www.law.go.kr/%EB%B2%95%EB%A0%B9/%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%88%98%ED%99%94%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4%EB%B2%95/(13978,20160203)">存档</a>于2020-03-18) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到韩语网页">(韩语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%88%98%ED%99%94%EC%96%B8%EC%96%B4%EB%B2%95+%5B%EC%8B%9C%ED%96%89+2016.8.4.%5D+%5B%EB%B2%95%EB%A5%A0+%EC%A0%9C13978%ED%98%B8%2C+2016.2.3.%2C+%EC%A0%9C%EC%A0%95%5D&amp;rft.date=2016-08-04&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.go.kr%2F%25EB%25B2%2595%25EB%25A0%25B9%2F%25ED%2595%259C%25EA%25B5%25AD%25EC%2588%2598%25ED%2599%2594%25EC%2596%25B8%25EC%2596%25B4%25EB%25B2%2595%2F%2813978%2C20160203%29&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-董向荣-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-0"><sup><b>4.00</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-1"><sup><b>4.01</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-2"><sup><b>4.02</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-3"><sup><b>4.03</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-4"><sup><b>4.04</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-5"><sup><b>4.05</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-6"><sup><b>4.06</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-7"><sup><b>4.07</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-8"><sup><b>4.08</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-9"><sup><b>4.09</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-10"><sup><b>4.10</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-11"><sup><b>4.11</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-12"><sup><b>4.12</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-13"><sup><b>4.13</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-14"><sup><b>4.14</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-15"><sup><b>4.15</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-16"><sup><b>4.16</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-17"><sup><b>4.17</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-18"><sup><b>4.18</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-19"><sup><b>4.19</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-20"><sup><b>4.20</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-21"><sup><b>4.21</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-22"><sup><b>4.22</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-23"><sup><b>4.23</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-24"><sup><b>4.24</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-25"><sup><b>4.25</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-26"><sup><b>4.26</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-27"><sup><b>4.27</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-28"><sup><b>4.28</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-29"><sup><b>4.29</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-30"><sup><b>4.30</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-31"><sup><b>4.31</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-32"><sup><b>4.32</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-33"><sup><b>4.33</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-34"><sup><b>4.34</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-35"><sup><b>4.35</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-36"><sup><b>4.36</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-37"><sup><b>4.37</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-38"><sup><b>4.38</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-39"><sup><b>4.39</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-40"><sup><b>4.40</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-41"><sup><b>4.41</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-42"><sup><b>4.42</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-43"><sup><b>4.43</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-44"><sup><b>4.44</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-45"><sup><b>4.45</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-46"><sup><b>4.46</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董向荣_4-47"><sup><b>4.47</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">董向荣. 《韩国》. 北京: 社会科学文献出版社. 2009年5月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787509707326" title="Special:网络书源/9787509707326"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787509707326</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E8%91%A3%E5%90%91%E8%8D%A3&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2009-05&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787509707326&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imf2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_5-0"><sup><b>5.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_5-1"><sup><b>5.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_5-2"><sup><b>5.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_5-3"><sup><b>5.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April/weo-report?c=542,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2021&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1">Korea</a>. World Economic Outlook Database. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund (IMF)</a>. April 2023 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2023-04-20</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230420072907/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April/weo-report?c=542,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2021&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1">存档</a>于2023-04-20) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">(英语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=Korea&amp;rft.date=2023-04&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2023%2FApril%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D542%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2021%26ey%3D2028%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/income-distribution-database.htm">Distribution of income (Gini index)</a>. OECD Income Distribution Database (IDD): Gini, poverty, income, Methods and Concepts. <a href="/wiki/OECD" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2017-09-27</span>&#93;</span>. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191226141201/https://news.tvbs.com.tw/world/180431">存档</a>于2019-12-26).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E4%B8%8D%E8%A6%81%E5%8F%AB%E5%8D%97%E9%9F%93%E3%80%80%E9%9F%93%E8%A6%81%E6%B1%82%E6%AD%A3%E5%90%8D%E3%80%8C%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E3%80%8D&amp;rft.date=2008-09-04&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.tvbs.com.tw%2Fworld%2F180431&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-自由-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-自由_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/123950">韓國要求正名 不要再稱呼「南韓」</a>. 自由時報. 2008-09-04 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-12-09</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191226141201/https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/123950">存档</a>于2019-12-26).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E8%A6%81%E6%B1%82%E6%AD%A3%E5%90%8D+%E4%B8%8D%E8%A6%81%E5%86%8D%E7%A8%B1%E5%91%BC%E3%80%8C%E5%8D%97%E9%9F%93%E3%80%8D&amp;rft.date=2008-09-04&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.ltn.com.tw%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fbreakingnews%2F123950&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-国名-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-国名_20-0"><sup><b>19.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-国名_20-1"><sup><b>19.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">周定国. 朝鲜、韩国国名探源. 《地理教学》. 2004年, (第8期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E3%80%81%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%8E%A2%E6%BA%90&amp;rft.au=%E5%91%A8%E5%AE%9A%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC8%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E6%95%99%E5%AD%A6%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hist-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-0"><sup><b>20.00</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-1"><sup><b>20.01</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-2"><sup><b>20.02</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-3"><sup><b>20.03</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-4"><sup><b>20.04</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-5"><sup><b>20.05</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-6"><sup><b>20.06</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-7"><sup><b>20.07</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-8"><sup><b>20.08</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-9"><sup><b>20.09</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-10"><sup><b>20.10</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist_21-11"><sup><b>20.11</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">杨雨蕾. 《韩国的历史与文化》. 广州: 中山大学出版社. 2011年6月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787306038999" title="Special:网络书源/9787306038999"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787306038999</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E4%B8%8E%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2011-06&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787306038999&amp;rft.place=%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-简史-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-简史_22-0"><sup><b>21.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-简史_22-1"><sup><b>21.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-简史_22-2"><sup><b>21.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-简史_22-3"><sup><b>21.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-简史_22-4"><sup><b>21.4</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">朴真奭; 姜孟山; 朴文一; 金光洙; 高敬洙. 《朝鲜简史》. 延吉: 延边大学出版社. 1997年. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7-5634-0990-4" title="Special:网络书源/7-5634-0990-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;7-5634-0990-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E5%A7%9C%E5%AD%9F%E5%B1%B1&amp;rft.au=%E6%9C%B4%E6%96%87%E4%B8%80&amp;rft.au=%E6%9C%B4%E7%9C%9F%E5%A5%AD&amp;rft.au=%E9%87%91%E5%85%89%E6%B4%99&amp;rft.au=%E9%AB%98%E6%95%AC%E6%B4%99&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E7%AE%80%E5%8F%B2%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=7-5634-0990-4&amp;rft.place=%E5%BB%B6%E5%90%89&amp;rft.pub=%E5%BB%B6%E8%BE%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-朱庭光-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-朱庭光_24-0"><sup><b>22.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-朱庭光_24-1"><sup><b>22.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">朱庭光. 《外国历史大事集•近代部分 第四分册》. 重庆: 重庆出版社. 1986年.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E6%9C%B1%E5%BA%AD%E5%85%89&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%A4%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%8B%E9%9B%86%E2%80%A2%E8%BF%91%E4%BB%A3%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86+%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E5%88%86%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=1986&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.place=%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86&amp;rft.pub=%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-金光洙-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-金光洙_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">金光洙. 一八九五年——一八九六年朝鲜人民的义兵斗争. 《延边大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》. 1979年, (3期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E4%B8%80%E5%85%AB%E4%B9%9D%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E4%B8%80%E5%85%AB%E4%B9%9D%E5%85%AD%E5%B9%B4%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%9A%84%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B5%E6%96%97%E4%BA%89&amp;rft.au=%E9%87%91%E5%85%89%E6%B4%99&amp;rft.date=1979&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=3%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%BB%B6%E8%BE%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%88%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-大事-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-大事_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">张宏儒. 《二十世纪世界各国大事全书》. 北京: 北京出版社. 1993年5月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787200017083" title="Special:网络书源/9787200017083"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787200017083</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E5%BC%A0%E5%AE%8F%E5%84%92&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%8B%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=1993-05&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787200017083&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-朴钟锦-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-0"><sup><b>25.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-1"><sup><b>25.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-2"><sup><b>25.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-3"><sup><b>25.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-4"><sup><b>25.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-朴钟锦_27-5"><sup><b>25.5</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">朴钟锦. 《韩国政治经济与外交》. 北京: 知识产权出版社. 2013. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-5130-2476-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-5130-2476-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-5130-2476-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E6%9C%B4%E9%92%9F%E9%94%A6&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E4%B8%8E%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-5130-2476-1&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-弹劾-28"><span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E6%96%87%E5%9C%A8%E5%AF%85%E5%B0%87%E5%8D%B8%E4%BB%BB+%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E6%81%A9%E5%9B%9E%E5%87%BD%E8%82%AF%E5%AE%9A%E4%BB%BB%E5%85%A7%E6%8F%90%E5%8D%87%E5%85%A9%E9%9F%93%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82&amp;rft.date=2022-04-22&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">韩国国民力量党候选人尹锡悦当选韩国总统. 央视新闻客户端. 2022-03-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F%E5%85%9A%E5%80%99%E9%80%89%E4%BA%BA%E5%B0%B9%E9%94%A1%E6%82%A6%E5%BD%93%E9%80%89%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F&amp;rft.date=2022-03-09&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">South Korea's President Yoon reverses martial law after lawmakers defy him. 路透社. 2024-12-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=South+Korea%27s+President+Yoon+reverses+martial+law+after+lawmakers+defy+him&amp;rft.date=2024-12-04&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-glob-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-glob_33-0"><sup><b>31.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-glob_33-1"><sup><b>31.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-glob_33-2"><sup><b>31.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709084735/http://globserver.cn/en/node/671">韩国地理概况</a>. globserver. 2012-08-23 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2014-10-11</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://globserver.cn/en/node/671">原始内容</a>存档于2017-07-09).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5&amp;rft.date=2012-08-23&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=globserver&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglobserver.cn%2Fen%2Fnode%2F671&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-网易-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-网易_34-0"><sup><b>32.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-网易_34-1"><sup><b>32.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-网易_34-2"><sup><b>32.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-网易_34-3"><sup><b>32.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709065307/http://sports.163.com/2002yayun/021016/021016_250716.html">韩国概况之自然地理</a>. 网易. 2002-10-16 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2014-10-11</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sports.163.com/2002yayun/021016/021016_250716.html">原始内容</a>存档于2017-07-09).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5%E4%B9%8B%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86&amp;rft.date=2002-10-16&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E7%BD%91%E6%98%93&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsports.163.com%2F2002yayun%2F021016%2F021016_250716.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-煤炭-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-煤炭_35-0"><sup><b>33.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-煤炭_35-1"><sup><b>33.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141016045854/http://www.sxcoal.com/gjms/752400/articlenew.html">韩国地理环境</a>. 国际煤炭网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2014-10-11</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sxcoal.com/gjms/752400/articlenew.html">原始内容</a>存档于2014-10-16).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%85%A4%E7%82%AD%E7%BD%91&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sxcoal.com%2Fgjms%2F752400%2Farticlenew.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jeju-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jeju_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1264">Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes</a>. UNESCO.ORG. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2012-10-22</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121023070532/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1264">存档</a>于2012-10-23) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">(英语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=Jeju+Volcanic+Island+and+Lava+Tubes&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=UNESCO.ORG&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F1264&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-秦桂芳-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-秦桂芳_37-0"><sup><b>35.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-秦桂芳_37-1"><sup><b>35.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-秦桂芳_37-2"><sup><b>35.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-秦桂芳_37-3"><sup><b>35.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">秦桂芳. 《韩国文化概论》. 济南: 山东大学出版社. 2010年12月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-5607-4240-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-5607-4240-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-5607-4240-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E7%A7%A6%E6%A1%82%E8%8A%B3&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E6%A6%82%E8%AE%BA%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2010-12&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-5607-4240-3&amp;rft.place=%E6%B5%8E%E5%8D%97&amp;rft.pub=%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-周道鸾-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-周道鸾_38-0"><sup><b>36.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-周道鸾_38-1"><sup><b>36.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-周道鸾_38-2"><sup><b>36.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">周道鸾. 韩国法院的组织体系和司法制度. 《人民司法 》. 1996年, (09期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%E5%92%8C%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6&amp;rft.au=%E5%91%A8%E9%81%93%E9%B8%BE&amp;rft.date=1996&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=09%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95+%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-王菲易-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-王菲易_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">王菲易. 国际因素与民主化:一种分析框架. 《比较政治学研究第二辑》. 2011年9月. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国知识基础设施工程">CNKI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CCJD&amp;filename=BZXY201101011">BZXY201101011</a></span><span style="position:relative; top:-2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="需注册账号查阅"><img alt="需注册账号查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%9B%A0%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%8E%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%8C%96%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%80%E7%A7%8D%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6&amp;rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E8%8F%B2%E6%98%93&amp;rft.date=2011-09&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E8%BE%91%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-政體-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-政體_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709084848/http://www.systemicpeace.org/polity/rok2.htm">政體資料集ROK2</a>. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210211055502/https://jumin.mois.go.kr/index.jsp">存档</a>于2021-02-11) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到韩语网页">(韩语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=%EC%A3%BC%EB%AF%BC%EB%93%B1%EB%A1%9D+%EC%9D%B8%EA%B5%AC%ED%86%B5%EA%B3%84&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%ED%96%89%EC%A0%95%EC%95%88%EC%A0%84%EB%B6%80&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjumin.mois.go.kr%2Findex.jsp&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Economic Growth Rates of Advanced Economies. International Monetary Fund <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">(英语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=Economic+Growth+Rates+of+Advanced+Economies&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">使用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;accessdate=</code>需要含有<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#accessdate_missing_url" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-当代-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-当代_47-0"><sup><b>44.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-当代_47-1"><sup><b>44.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-当代_47-2"><sup><b>44.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-当代_47-3"><sup><b>44.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-当代_47-4"><sup><b>44.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-当代_47-5"><sup><b>44.5</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">崔志鹰; 朴昌根. 《当代韩国经济》. 上海: 同济大学出版社. 2010年11月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787560843605" title="Special:网络书源/9787560843605"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787560843605</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E5%B4%94%E5%BF%97%E9%B9%B0&amp;rft.au=%E6%9C%B4%E6%98%8C%E6%A0%B9&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2010-11&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787560843605&amp;rft.place=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7&amp;rft.pub=%E5%90%8C%E6%B5%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-申东镇-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-申东镇_48-0"><sup><b>45.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-申东镇_48-1"><sup><b>45.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">申东镇. 《韩国外向型经济研究》. 上海: 上海世界图书出版公司. 2013年6月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787510061868" title="Special:网络书源/9787510061868"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787510061868</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E7%94%B3%E4%B8%9C%E9%95%87&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E5%90%91%E5%9E%8B%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2013-06&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787510061868&amp;rft.place=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-年报-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-年报_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">刘宝全. 《韩国发展报告 2010》. 北京: 社会科学文献出版社. 2010年7月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787509715413" title="Special:网络书源/9787509715413"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787509715413</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E5%88%98%E5%AE%9D%E5%85%A8&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A+2010%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2010-07&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787509715413&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-具海根-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-具海根_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">(韩)具海根. 《韩国工人——阶级形成的文化与政治 》. 由梁光严、张静翻译. 北京: 社会科学文献出版社. 2004年. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787801901125" title="Special:网络书源/9787801901125"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787801901125</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%EF%BC%88%E9%9F%A9%EF%BC%89%E5%85%B7%E6%B5%B7%E6%A0%B9&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%B7%A5%E4%BA%BA%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E9%98%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%BD%A2%E6%88%90%E7%9A%84%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%8E%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB+%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787801901125&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cumings-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cumings_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cumings, Bruce. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E5%88%98%E6%B4%AA%E9%92%9F&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%B5%B6%E8%B6%85%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A2%E9%98%80%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2009-10&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787511204363&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-朴昌根-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-朴昌根_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">朴昌根. 《解读汉江奇迹》. 上海: 同济大学出版社. 2012年5月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787560847979" title="Special:网络书源/9787560847979"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787560847979</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E6%9C%B4%E6%98%8C%E6%A0%B9&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E8%A7%A3%E8%AF%BB%E6%B1%89%E6%B1%9F%E5%A5%87%E8%BF%B9%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2012-05&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787560847979&amp;rft.place=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7&amp;rft.pub=%E5%90%8C%E6%B5%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-执政党-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-执政党_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">张光军. 《韩国执政党研究》. 广州: 广东世界图书出版公司. 2010年11月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-5100-2914-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-5100-2914-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-5100-2914-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%89%E5%86%9B&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%89%A7%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2010-11&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-5100-2914-1&amp;rft.place=%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E&amp;rft.pub=%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-詹小洪-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-詹小洪_55-0"><sup><b>52.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-詹小洪_55-1"><sup><b>52.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-詹小洪_55-2"><sup><b>52.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">詹小洪. 走在抗击金融危机前列的韩国. 《领导文萃》. 2011年, (10期).</cite><span 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title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;7-5049-1672-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E5%BC%A0%E6%99%93%E8%BD%A9&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=1996-07&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=7-5049-1672-2&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bank-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bank_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709074731/http://www.relbanks.com/asia/south-korea/shinhan-bank">Shinhan Bank</a>. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&amp;rft.au=%E7%99%BD%E5%93%88%E5%A8%9C&amp;rft.au=%E8%B4%BE%E4%BF%8A%E8%8A%B3&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC35%E5%8D%B7%E7%AC%AC7%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%93%81%E9%81%93%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93%E4%B8%8E%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-手册-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-手册_64-0"><sup><b>61.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-手册_64-1"><sup><b>61.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-手册_64-2"><sup><b>61.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-手册_64-3"><sup><b>61.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-手册_64-4"><sup><b>61.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-手册_64-5"><sup><b>61.5</b></sup></a></span> <span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B8%AF%E5%8F%A3%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%8E%B0%E7%8A%B6%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90&amp;rft.au=%E5%B0%B9%E9%93%AD%E9%92%B0&amp;rft.au=%E8%B5%B5%E6%A5%A0&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=03%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%B8%AF%E5%8F%A3%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709084921/http://www.chinanews.com/gj/2015/04-02/7180448.shtml">仁川机场国际旅客吞吐量增幅居全球大型机场之首</a> (新闻稿). 中国新闻网. 2015-04-02 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2015-07-31</span>&#93;</span>. 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(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://finance.ifeng.com/air/hkgszq/20090518/675802.shtml">原始内容</a>存档于2017-07-09).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E7%BD%91&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffinance.ifeng.com%2Fair%2Fhkgszq%2F20090518%2F675802.shtml&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090915184454/https://english.mltm.go.kr/USR/WPGE0201/m_19549/DTL.jsp">International Aviation Policy</a>. Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2005-05-19</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.mltm.go.kr/USR/WPGE0201/m_19549/DTL.jsp">原始内容</a>存档于2009-09-15) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">(英语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=International+Aviation+Policy&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Ministry+of+Land%2C+Transportation+and+Maritime+Affairs&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.mltm.go.kr%2FUSR%2FWPGE0201%2Fm_19549%2FDTL.jsp&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lee Eun-joo (July 2, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=2922592">"If you're looking for a ticket to Jeju, leave late"</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20101021040426/http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=2922592">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>). <i>Joongang Daily</i> (Seoul). Retrieved 2010-07-15.<span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">(英文)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-能源-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-能源_74-0"><sup><b>71.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-能源_74-1"><sup><b>71.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-能源_74-2"><sup><b>71.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-能源_74-3"><sup><b>71.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">詹小洪. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&amp;dbname=CJFDN1214&amp;filename=XMZK201215011">韩国应对能源危机之道</a><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="需要免费注册"><img alt="需要免费注册" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span>. 《<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%B0%91%E5%91%A8%E5%88%8A" title="新民周刊">新民周刊</a>》. 2012-04-18 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2022-05-17</span>&#93;</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1008-5017"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN&#160;1008-5017</span></a>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221017091112/https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&amp;dbname=CJFDN1214&amp;filename=XMZK201215011">存档</a>于2022-10-17).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%BA%94%E5%AF%B9%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%8B%E9%81%93&amp;rft.au=%E8%A9%B9%E5%B0%8F%E6%B4%AA&amp;rft.date=2012-04-18&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issn=1008-5017&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%96%B0%E6%B0%91%E5%91%A8%E5%88%8A%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkns.cnki.net%2Fkcms%2Fdetail%2Fdetail.aspx%3Fdbcode%3DCJFD%26dbname%3DCJFDN1214%26filename%3DXMZK201215011&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 含有內容需登入查看的頁面 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E9%9C%80%E7%99%BB%E5%85%A5%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有內容需登入查看的頁面">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-杨雅洁-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-杨雅洁_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">杨雅洁. 韩国电力公社抢滩中国电力市场. 《中国电力报国》. 2005年1月11日.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE%E6%8A%A2%E6%BB%A9%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E6%9D%A8%E9%9B%85%E6%B4%81&amp;rft.date=2005-01-11&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B%E6%8A%A5%E5%9B%BD%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.gov/countries/cab.cfm?fips=KS">Korea, South</a>. US Energy Information Administration. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2014-10-12</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141007063142/http://www.eia.gov/countries/cab.cfm?fips=KS">存档</a>于2014-10-07) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">(英语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=Korea%2C+South&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=US+Energy+Information+Administration&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.gov%2Fcountries%2Fcab.cfm%3Ffips%3DKS&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-魏蔚-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-魏蔚_77-0"><sup><b>74.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-魏蔚_77-1"><sup><b>74.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-魏蔚_77-2"><sup><b>74.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">魏蔚. 试析韩国绿色增长战略与新能源产业发展. 《当代韩国》. 2012年, (第4期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E8%AF%95%E6%9E%90%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%BF%E8%89%B2%E5%A2%9E%E9%95%BF%E6%88%98%E7%95%A5%E4%B8%8E%E6%96%B0%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95&amp;rft.au=%E9%AD%8F%E8%94%9A&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC4%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709085417/http://www.chinairn.com/news/20140702/13335240.shtml">中国或成全球第二大天然气进口国</a>. 中研网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2014-10-09</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinairn.com/news/20140702/13335240.shtml">原始内容</a>存档于2017-07-09).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%88%96%E6%88%90%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%94%E8%BF%9B%E5%8F%A3%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E7%A0%94%E7%BD%91&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinairn.com%2Fnews%2F20140702%2F13335240.shtml&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709085540/http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NP-Nuclear-to-remain-Korean-mainstay-1012137.html">Nuclear to remain Korean mainstay</a>. World Nuclear News. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2014-10-12</span>&#93;</span>. 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The path through the fields. 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(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://auto.163.com/special/observation95/">原始内容</a>存档于2017-07-09).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E9%9F%A9%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6%E4%B8%9A%EF%BC%9A%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%94%E4%BD%93%E7%8E%B0%E5%B7%AE%E8%B7%9D&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E7%BD%91%E6%98%93%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fauto.163.com%2Fspecial%2Fobservation95%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">王英斌. 去年韩国三大轮胎公司业绩骄人. 《世界橡胶工业》. 2013年, (第40卷第3期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%8E%BB%E5%B9%B4%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%89%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AE%E8%83%8E%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E4%B8%9A%E7%BB%A9%E9%AA%84%E4%BA%BA&amp;rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%8C&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC40%E5%8D%B7%E7%AC%AC3%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A9%A1%E8%83%B6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-山东-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-山东_93-0"><sup><b>90.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-山东_93-1"><sup><b>90.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-山东_93-2"><sup><b>90.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-山东_93-3"><sup><b>90.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-山东_93-4"><sup><b>90.4</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">高焕喜. 略谈韩国对农业的重视及其启示. 《华东经济管理》. 2007年, (第03期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E7%95%A5%E8%B0%88%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AF%B9%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8D%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA&amp;rft.au=%E9%AB%98%E7%84%95%E5%96%9C&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC03%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%9C%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-方向-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-方向_94-0"><sup><b>91.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-方向_94-1"><sup><b>91.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-方向_94-2"><sup><b>91.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">徐瑶; 温健. 韩国农业发展和政策调整方向. 《商情》. 2011年, (第8期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%92%8C%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96%E8%B0%83%E6%95%B4%E6%96%B9%E5%90%91&amp;rft.au=%E5%BE%90%E7%91%B6&amp;rft.au=%E6%B8%A9%E5%81%A5&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC8%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%95%86%E6%83%85%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-三农-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-三农_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">韩国农村经济研究院. 《韩国三农》. 由潘伟光、(韩)郑靖吉翻译. 北京: 中国农业出版社. 2013年12月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787109186644" title="Special:网络书源/9787109186644"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787109186644</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9C%E6%9D%91%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%89%E5%86%9C%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2013-12&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787109186644&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-陶文昭-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-陶文昭_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">陶文昭. 韩国农业:温室里的花朵. 《南风窗》. 2006年, (21期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%EF%BC%9A%E6%B8%A9%E5%AE%A4%E9%87%8C%E7%9A%84%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%B5&amp;rft.au=%E9%99%B6%E6%96%87%E6%98%AD&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=21%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%8D%97%E9%A3%8E%E7%AA%97%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-报告-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-报告_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">潘教峰 主编 (编). 《韩国科技创新态势分析报告》. 北京: 科学出版社. 2010. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-03-029842-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-03-029842-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-03-029842-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E6%BD%98%E6%95%99%E5%B3%B0+%E4%B8%BB%E7%BC%96&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%88%9B%E6%96%B0%E6%80%81%E5%8A%BF%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-03-029842-3&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-发展-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-发展_98-0"><sup><b>95.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-发展_98-1"><sup><b>95.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-发展_98-2"><sup><b>95.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-发展_98-3"><sup><b>95.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-发展_98-4"><sup><b>95.4</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">孙启林; 安玉祥. 《韩国科技与教育发展》. 北京: 人民教育出版社. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7-107-18312-5" title="Special:网络书源/7-107-18312-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;7-107-18312-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E5%AD%99%E5%90%AF%E6%9E%97&amp;rft.au=%E5%AE%89%E7%8E%89%E7%A5%A5&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E4%B8%8E%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=7-107-18312-5&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-模式-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-模式_99-0"><sup><b>96.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-模式_99-1"><sup><b>96.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-模式_99-2"><sup><b>96.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-模式_99-3"><sup><b>96.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">李东华. 《韩国科技发展模式与经验—从引进到创新的跨越》. 北京: 社会科学文献出版社. 2009年11月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7-107-18312-5" title="Special:网络书源/7-107-18312-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;7-107-18312-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%8E&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F%E4%B8%8E%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E2%80%94%E4%BB%8E%E5%BC%95%E8%BF%9B%E5%88%B0%E5%88%9B%E6%96%B0%E7%9A%84%E8%B7%A8%E8%B6%8A%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2009-11&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=7-107-18312-5&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-科-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-科_100-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2016-innovative-countries/">The Bloomberg Innovation Index</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%8D%9A%E7%A4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="彭博社">Bloomberg</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2017-03-01</span>&#93;</span> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%B9%B3%E6%98%8C%E5%86%AC%E5%A5%A5%E4%BC%9A%E5%BC%80%E5%B9%95+%E9%9F%A9%E6%9C%9D%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%9C%BA&amp;rft.date=2018-02-09&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wj-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wj_117-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chinese.yonhapnews.co.kr/allheadlines/2018/04/27/0200000000ACK20180427009500881.HTML">简讯:韩朝领导人联合发表《板门店宣言》</a>. 韩联社. 2018-04-27 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2018-04-27</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180427130005/http://chinese.yonhapnews.co.kr/allheadlines/2018/04/27/0200000000ACK20180427009500881.HTML">存档</a>于2018-04-27).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E7%AE%80%E8%AE%AF%EF%BC%9A%E9%9F%A9%E6%9C%9D%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%8F%91%E8%A1%A8%E3%80%8A%E6%9D%BF%E9%97%A8%E5%BA%97%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2018-04-27&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchinese.yonhapnews.co.kr%2Fallheadlines%2F2018%2F04%2F27%2F0200000000ACK20180427009500881.HTML&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pike-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pike_118-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">John Pike. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/rok/budget.htm">Defense Budget&#160;– South Korea</a>. Globalsecurity.org. 2010-10-29 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2014-10-09</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101203175958/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/rok/budget.htm">存档</a>于2010-12-03) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">(英语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=John+Pike&amp;rft.btitle=Defense+Budget+%E2%80%93+South+Korea&amp;rft.date=2010-10-29&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Globalsecurity.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalsecurity.org%2Fmilitary%2Fworld%2Frok%2Fbudget.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-South_Korea-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-South_Korea_119-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.mongabay.com/reference/new_profiles/398sk.html">South Korea: NATIONAL SECURITY</a>. Mongabay. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2016-07-29</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160807113452/http://data.mongabay.com/reference/new_profiles/398sk.html">存档</a>于2016-08-07) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">(英语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=South+Korea%3A+NATIONAL+SECURITY&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Mongabay&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.mongabay.com%2Freference%2Fnew_profiles%2F398sk.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-赵杨-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-赵杨_120-0"><sup><b>117.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-赵杨_120-1"><sup><b>117.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-赵杨_120-2"><sup><b>117.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-赵杨_120-3"><sup><b>117.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-赵杨_120-4"><sup><b>117.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-赵杨_120-5"><sup><b>117.5</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-赵杨_120-6"><sup><b>117.6</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-赵杨_120-7"><sup><b>117.7</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-赵杨_120-8"><sup><b>117.8</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">赵杨; 刘吉文; 李潇. 《韩国军队发展史》. 北京: 世界知识出版社. 2015年12月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-5012-5138-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-5012-5138-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-5012-5138-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E5%88%98%E5%90%89%E6%96%87&amp;rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E6%BD%87&amp;rft.au=%E8%B5%B5%E6%9D%A8&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B%E9%98%9F%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2015-12&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-5012-5138-4&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">韩国军队采用义务兵役制部分青年怕苦逃避服役. 《解放军报》. 2011-09-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B%E9%98%9F%E9%87%87%E7%94%A8%E4%B9%89%E5%8A%A1%E5%85%B5%E5%BD%B9%E5%88%B6%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4%E6%80%95%E8%8B%A6%E9%80%83%E9%81%BF%E6%9C%8D%E5%BD%B9&amp;rft.date=2011-09-06&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-李京旭-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-李京旭_122-0"><sup><b>119.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-李京旭_122-1"><sup><b>119.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">李京旭. 《当代韩国军队武器装备》. 北京: 国防大学出版社. 2013年3月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-5626-2056-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-5626-2056-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-5626-2056-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E4%BA%AC%E6%97%AD&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B%E9%98%9F%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8%E8%A3%85%E5%A4%87%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2013-03&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-5626-2056-3&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census_123-0"><sup><b>120.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_123-1"><sup><b>120.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_123-2"><sup><b>120.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kostat.go.kr/portal/eng/pressReleases/8/1/index.board">Complete Enumeration Results of the 2015 Population and Housing Census</a>. 韩国统计厅. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2017-02-23</span>&#93;</span>. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180823083842/http://image.kmib.co.kr/online_image/2016/1219/201612191738_61220011145071_1.jpg">存档</a>于2018-08-23).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=South+Korea+National+Statistical+Office%27s+19th+Population+and+Housing+Census+%282015%29&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=South+Korea+National+Statistical+Office&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimage.kmib.co.kr%2Fonline_image%2F2016%2F1219%2F201612191738_61220011145071_1.jpg&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-柳雪峰-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-柳雪峰_138-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">柳雪峰. 韩国天道教. 《当代韩国》. 1998, (2). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1007-483X"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN&#160;1007-483X</span></a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国知识基础设施工程">CNKI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&amp;filename=DDHG802.018">DDHG802.018</a></span><span style="position:relative; top:-2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="需注册账号查阅"><img alt="需注册账号查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <span class="plainlinks" title="中国社科院·国家哲学社会科学文献中心"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncpssd.cn/Literature/articleinfo?id=1002219806&amp;type=journalArticle&amp;datatype=journalArticle">NCPSSD 1002219806</a></span><span style="position:relative; top:-2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="需注册账号查阅"><img alt="需注册账号查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A9%E9%81%93%E6%95%99&amp;rft.au=%E6%9F%B3%E9%9B%AA%E5%B3%B0&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issn=1007-483X&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-天-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-天_139-0"><sup><b>135.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-天_139-1"><sup><b>135.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-天_139-2"><sup><b>135.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chondogyo.or.kr/niabbs4/bbs.php?bbstable=chuneng&amp;no=7&amp;page=1&amp;categori11=2">Chondogyo viewed through the Core Doctrine</a>. 天道教官网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-06-05</span>&#93;</span>. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200906062057/http://www.chondogyo.or.kr/niabbs4/bbs.php?bbstable=chuneng&amp;no=9&amp;page=1&amp;categori11=2">存档</a>于2020-09-06) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">(英语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.btitle=Chondogyo+viewed+through+its+Religious+Objective&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E5%A4%A9%E9%81%93%E6%95%99%E5%AE%98%E7%BD%91&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chondogyo.or.kr%2Fniabbs4%2Fbbs.php%3Fbbstable%3Dchuneng%26no%3D9%26page%3D1%26categori11%3D2&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-金惠承-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-金惠承_141-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">金惠承. 东学思想和甲午农民运动的历史意义:韩国民族主义的民众化. 《北大史学》. 2007, (1). <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国知识基础设施工程">CNKI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CCJD&amp;filename=BDSX200700020">BDSX200700020</a></span><span style="position:relative; top:-2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="需注册账号查阅"><img alt="需注册账号查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E4%B8%9C%E5%AD%A6%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3%E5%92%8C%E7%94%B2%E5%8D%88%E5%86%9C%E6%B0%91%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E6%84%8F%E4%B9%89%3A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%9A%84%E6%B0%91%E4%BC%97%E5%8C%96&amp;rft.au=%E9%87%91%E6%83%A0%E6%89%BF&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E5%8F%B2%E5%AD%A6%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-教育-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-教育_142-0"><sup><b>138.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-教育_142-1"><sup><b>138.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">刘茗. 韩国:全社会全民族重视教育. 《中国教育报》. 2003-03-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%3A%E5%85%A8%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E9%87%8D%E8%A7%86%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&amp;rft.au=%E5%88%98%E8%8C%97&amp;rft.date=2003-03-29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E6%8A%A5%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-education-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-education_143-0"><sup><b>139.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-education_143-1"><sup><b>139.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/south-korea/42.htm">South Korea: A Country Study</a>. 美国国会图书馆. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2015-08-19</span>&#93;</span>. 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ICEF Monitor. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2014-01-23</span>&#93;</span>. 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href="#cite_ref-arch_167-2"><sup><b>163.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">王宇. 现代建筑与地域建筑的融合与创新——韩国现代建筑考察. 《建筑与文化》. 2010年, (第4期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E4%B8%8E%E5%9C%B0%E5%9F%9F%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E7%9A%84%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%9B%E6%96%B0%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E8%80%83%E5%AF%9F&amp;rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%87&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC4%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E4%B8%8E%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jw-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jw_168-0"><sup><b>164.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jw_168-1"><sup><b>164.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">杨洪青; 原向东. 浅谈韩国建筑文化的历史发展与几点思考. 《烟台大学学报 (自然科学与工程版)》. 1995年, (第1期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E6%B5%85%E8%B0%88%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E4%B8%8E%E5%87%A0%E7%82%B9%E6%80%9D%E8%80%83&amp;rft.au=%E5%8E%9F%E5%90%91%E4%B8%9C&amp;rft.au=%E6%9D%A8%E6%B4%AA%E9%9D%92&amp;rft.date=1995&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC1%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E7%83%9F%E5%8F%B0%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5+%EF%BC%88%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%8E%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cs-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cs_169-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">断戈. 韩国建筑 凝固的禅道. 中华建筑报. 2006年11月14日, (第009版).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91+%E5%87%9D%E5%9B%BA%E7%9A%84%E7%A6%85%E9%81%93&amp;rft.au=%E6%96%AD%E6%88%88&amp;rft.date=2006-11-14&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC009%E7%89%88&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E6%8A%A5&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-通史-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-通史_170-0"><sup><b>166.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-通史_170-1"><sup><b>166.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-通史_170-2"><sup><b>166.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-通史_170-3"><sup><b>166.3</b></sup></a> <a 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E4%BF%9E%E6%88%90%E4%BA%91&amp;rft.au=%E5%BE%90%E5%BB%BA%E9%A1%BA&amp;rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E5%B2%A9&amp;rft.au=%E6%B1%A0%E6%B0%B4%E6%B6%8C&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E9%80%9A%E5%8F%B2%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2010-09&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-5097-1511-6&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-韦旭昇-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-韦旭昇_171-0"><sup><b>167.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-韦旭昇_171-1"><sup><b>167.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">韦旭昇. 《韩国文学史》. 北京: 北京大学出版社. 2008年7月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-301-14042-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-301-14042-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-301-14042-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E9%9F%A6%E6%97%AD%E6%98%87&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2008-07&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-301-14042-0&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-尹炳鲁-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-尹炳鲁_172-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">(韩)尹炳鲁; 朴银淑; 袁华玉译. 《韩国近现代文学史》. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社. 2015. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-5497-1124-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-5497-1124-6"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-5497-1124-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E6%9C%B4%E9%93%B6%E6%B7%91&amp;rft.au=%E8%A2%81%E5%8D%8E%E7%8E%89%E8%AF%91&amp;rft.au=%EF%BC%88%E9%9F%A9%EF%BC%89%E5%B0%B9%E7%82%B3%E9%B2%81&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%BF%91%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-5497-1124-6&amp;rft.place=%E6%B2%88%E9%98%B3&amp;rft.pub=%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%81%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-金英今-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-金英今_173-0">^</a></b></span> <span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD%E9%9D%92%E7%93%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%87%A0%E9%A1%B9%E7%AA%81%E5%87%BA%E6%88%90%E5%B0%B1&amp;rft.au=%E5%88%98%E6%AF%85&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC3%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%8E%9F%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-东方晓-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-东方晓_182-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">东方晓. 出于蓝又胜于蓝的高丽青瓷. 《东方收藏》. 2012年, (05期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%87%BA%E4%BA%8E%E8%93%9D%E5%8F%88%E8%83%9C%E4%BA%8E%E8%93%9D%E7%9A%84%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD%E9%9D%92%E7%93%B7&amp;rft.au=%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%99%93&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=05%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%94%B6%E8%97%8F%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Smith_183-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Smith, Lawrence; Arris, Victor; Clark, Timothy. <span></span><i>Japanese Art: Masterpieces in the British Museum</i><span></span>. London: British Museum Publications. 1990. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0714114464" title="Special:网络书源/0714114464"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;0714114464</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">(英语)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=Arris%2C+Victor&amp;rft.au=Clark%2C+Timothy&amp;rft.au=Smith%2C+Lawrence&amp;rft.btitle=Japanese+Art%3A+Masterpieces+in+the+British+Museum&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=0714114464&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pub=British+Museum+Publications&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-李伶美-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-李伶美_184-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">李伶美. 韩国现代陶瓷艺术的变迁 . 《南京艺术学院学报(美术与设计)》. 2010年, (04期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%98%E8%BF%81%E3%80%80&amp;rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E4%BC%B6%E7%BE%8E&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=04%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%88%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E4%B8%8E%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%EF%BC%89%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-金善范-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-金善范_185-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">金善范. 浅析韩国现代陶艺的过去、现在和未来. 《美苑》. 2010年, (01期).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E6%B5%85%E6%9E%90%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E9%99%B6%E8%89%BA%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%87%E5%8E%BB%E3%80%81%E7%8E%B0%E5%9C%A8%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5&amp;rft.au=%E9%87%91%E5%96%84%E8%8C%83&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=01%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E7%BE%8E%E8%8B%91%E3%80%8B&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-百年-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-百年_186-0"><sup><b>182.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-百年_186-1"><sup><b>182.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-百年_186-2"><sup><b>182.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-百年_186-3"><sup><b>182.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-百年_186-4"><sup><b>182.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-百年_186-5"><sup><b>182.5</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-百年_186-6"><sup><b>182.6</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-百年_186-7"><sup><b>182.7</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">金钟元; 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周健蔚; 徐鸢译. 《韩国电影史:从开化期到开花期》. 上海: 上海译文出版社. 2010年6月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-5327-5083-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-5327-5083-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-5327-5083-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E5%91%A8%E5%81%A5%E8%94%9A&amp;rft.au=%E5%BE%90%E9%B8%A2%E8%AF%91&amp;rft.au=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E6%8C%AF%E5%85%B4%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E7%BC%96%E8%91%97%EF%BC%88%E9%9F%A9%EF%BC%89&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E5%8F%B2%EF%BC%9A%E4%BB%8E%E5%BC%80%E5%8C%96%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%B0%E5%BC%80%E8%8A%B1%E6%9C%9F%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2010-06&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-5327-5083-2&amp;rft.place=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E8%AF%91%E6%96%87%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-奉俊昊-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-奉俊昊_188-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cn.yna.co.kr/view/ACK20190526000200881?section=culture-sports/index">奉俊昊《寄生虫》荣获戛纳金棕榈奖</a>. 韩联社. 2019-05-26 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-02-11</span>&#93;</span>. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200906062056/https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202002105012.aspx">存档</a>于2020-09-06).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%81%E6%94%B9%E5%AF%AB%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E5%8F%B2+%E5%A5%AA%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%B3%E5%BD%B1%E7%89%87%E7%AD%894%E5%A4%A7%E7%8D%8E&amp;rft.au=%E7%9B%A7%E6%98%A0%E5%AD%9C%28%E6%A0%B8%E7%A8%BF%29&amp;rft.au=%E8%94%A1%E4%BD%B3%E6%95%8F%28%E8%AD%AF%29&amp;rft.date=2020-02-10&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cna.com.tw%2Fnews%2Ffirstnews%2F202002105012.aspx&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-董旸-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-0"><sup><b>186.00</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-1"><sup><b>186.01</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-2"><sup><b>186.02</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-3"><sup><b>186.03</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-4"><sup><b>186.04</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-5"><sup><b>186.05</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-6"><sup><b>186.06</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-7"><sup><b>186.07</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-8"><sup><b>186.08</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-9"><sup><b>186.09</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-10"><sup><b>186.10</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-11"><sup><b>186.11</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-12"><sup><b>186.12</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-13"><sup><b>186.13</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-14"><sup><b>186.14</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-董旸_190-15"><sup><b>186.15</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">董旸. 《韩国攻略:当代韩国电视剧研究》. 北京: 中国传媒大学出版社. 2008年5月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-81127-215-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-81127-215-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-81127-215-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;rft.au=%E8%91%A3%E6%97%B8&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BB%E7%95%A5%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2008-05&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-81127-215-4&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%A0%E5%AA%92%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upmedia.mg/news_info.php?SerialNo=125720">Netflix執行長證實 《魷魚遊戲》將成為該串流平台史上最受歡迎影集</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%A0%B1" title="上報">上報</a>. 2021-09-29 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2021-10-01</span>&#93;</span>. 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href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%A6" title="韩国学">韩国学</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;section=52" title="编辑章节:外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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#54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">(英文)</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="日語">(日語)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://big5chinese.visitkorea.or.kr/cht/index.kto">韓國旅游发展局</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210123121200/http://big5chinese.visitkorea.or.kr/cht/index.kto">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>);<span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">(简体中文)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chinese.visitkorea.or.kr/chs/index.kto">韓國旅游发展局</a>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="/wiki/File:Wikimedia-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/15px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/23px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/30px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_South_Korea" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of South Korea">維基媒體的韩国地圖集</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gnome-globe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/15px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/75px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/100px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:33%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a 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style="width:33%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄羅斯</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%B5%B7" title="日本海">日本海</a><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a> </td> <td style="width:0%; padding-left:5px" rowspan="5"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/50px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/75px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/100px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:33%" rowspan="3"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="黃海">黃海</a> </td> <td style="width:33%"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="北"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/North.svg/17px-North.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/North.svg/26px-North.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/North.svg/34px-North.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="17" /></span></span> </td> <td style="width:33%" rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%B5%B7" title="日本海">日本海</a><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:33%"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="西"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/West.svg/17px-West.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/West.svg/26px-West.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/West.svg/34px-West.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="17" /></span><figcaption>西</figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:0%; text-align: center" nowrap="nowrap">&#160; <b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Boxed_East_arrow.svg/34px-Boxed_East_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="17" /></span><figcaption>東</figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:33%"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="南"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/South.svg/17px-South.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/South.svg/26px-South.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/South.svg/34px-South.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="17" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B5%B7" title="东海">东海</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B5%B7" title="东海">东海</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, 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title="韩国岛屿列表">岛屿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86#气候" title="韩国地理">气候</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86#自然资源" title="韩国地理">自然资源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86#地域和行政区划" title="韩国地理">地域和行政区划</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86#环境保护" title="韩国地理">环境保护</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国国立公园列表">国立公园</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B" title="韩国法律">法律</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f7f7f7);color: inherit;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" title="大韓民國憲法">宪法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国宪法法院">宪法法院</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E9%99%A2%E9%95%BF" title="韩国宪法法院院长">院长</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%98" title="韩国宪法法院法官">法官</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="韩国大法院">大法院</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E9%99%A2%E9%95%BF" title="韩国大法院院长">大法院长</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%91%E6%B3%95&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="韩国刑法(页面不存在)">刑法</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%B3%95&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="韩国民法(页面不存在)">民法</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%95%86%E6%B3%95&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="韩国商法(页面不存在)">商法</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="韩国政治">政治</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background: transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%8A%E5%8A%9B%E5%88%86%E7%AB%8B" title="權力分立">三权分立</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="大韩民国政府">政府</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1" title="韓國總統">总统</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="韩国国务总理">国务总理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="韩国国务会议">国务会议</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" title="韩国国会">国会</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0%E9%95%B7" title="韓國國會議長">国会议长</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB#司法机构" title="韩国政治">司法机构</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E9%99%A2%E9%95%BF" title="韩国大法院院长">大法院长</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E9%BB%A8" title="韓國政黨">政党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" title="大韓民國選舉">选举</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C" title="朝鮮半島統一問題">朝韩统一问题</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%94%BF%E5%8A%A1" title="韩国电子政务">电子政务</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="韩国外交">外交</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f7f7f7);color: inherit;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国外交部">外交部</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%BB%BA%E4%BA%A4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国建交列表">建交</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%A7%90%E5%A4%96%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韓國駐外機構列表">駐外機構</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%9C%8B%E9%A7%90%E9%9F%93%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="外國駐韓機構列表">外國駐韓機構</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="北方政策">北方政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%BD%E5%85%89%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="陽光政策">陽光政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E4%B8%8E%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="朝鲜半岛与联合国">韓國與聯合國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="朝鮮半島南北關係">韩朝关系</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%9F%A9%E9%A6%96%E8%84%91%E4%BC%9A%E6%99%A4" title="朝韩首脑会晤">朝韩首脑会晤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%A0%B8%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="朝鲜核问题">朝鲜核问题</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E2%80%94%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="韩国—美国关系">韩美关系</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%9F%A9%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="日韩关系">韩日关系</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%9F%93%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C" title="日韓問題">問題</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9F%A9%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="中韩关系">韩中关系</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E2%80%94%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="香港—韓國關係">香港</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E2%80%94%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="山东—韩国关系">山东</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E9%9F%93%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" class="mw-redirect" title="俄韓關係">韩俄关系</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4#韩欧关系" title="韩国外交">韩欧关系</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="韓國軍事">军事</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background: transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2%E9%83%A8" title="韩国国防部">国防部</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D" title="大韓民國國軍">國軍</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D" title="韓國陸軍">陆军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="韓國海軍">海军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D%E9%99%B8%E6%88%B0%E9%9A%8A" title="韓國海軍陸戰隊">海军陆战队</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="韓國空軍">空军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%A0%90%E5%82%99%E8%BB%8D" title="韓國預備軍">预备军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F" title="韓國軍事警察">軍事警察</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="韩国国防工业">国防工业</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%A0%B1%E5%8B%B3%E8%99%95" class="mw-redirect" title="國家報勳處">國家報勳處</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A7%90%E9%9F%93%E7%BE%8E%E8%BB%8D" title="駐韓美軍">駐韓美軍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%9F%A9%E9%9D%9E%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8C%BA" title="朝韩非军事区">朝韩非軍事區</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E9%96%80%E5%BA%97" title="板門店">板門店</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E8%AD%A6%E5%A4%87%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F" title="共同警备区域">共同警备区域</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%85%AB%E7%BA%BF" title="三八线">三八线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%BD%92%E6%A1%A5" title="不归桥">不归桥</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="韓國經濟">经济</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f7f7f7);color: inherit;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%B1%9F%E5%A5%87%E8%B9%9F" title="漢江奇蹟">漢江奇蹟</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="韩国经济开发五年计划">经济开发五年计划</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%B9%A1%E6%9D%91%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="新乡村运动">新乡村运动</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国银行列表">銀行</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" title="韩国银行">央行</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80" title="韩国交易所">韩国交易所</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%9C%E5%90%88%E8%82%A1%E5%83%B9%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B8" title="韓國綜合股價指數">韓國綜合股價指數</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%9F%E8%B4%A7%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80" title="韩国期货交易所">韩国期货交易所</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E8%BE%BE%E5%85%8B" title="科斯达克">科斯达克</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%B4%A2%E9%98%80" title="韩国财阀">财阀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%84%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国各地国内生产总值列表">國內生產總值</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%93" title="韓圓">韓圓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%AC%A7%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="韩欧自由贸易协定">韩欧自由贸易协定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E7%BE%8E%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="韩美自由贸易协定">韩美自由贸易协定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E5%9B%9B%E5%B0%8F%E9%BE%99" title="亚洲四小龙">亚洲四小龙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" title="韩国交通">交通</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="韓國高速鐵路">高铁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8" title="韓國鐵路運輸">鐵路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="韓國高速公路">高速公路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韓國機場列表">机场</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%82%AE%E6%94%BF" title="韩国邮政">郵政</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A" title="韩国农业">農業</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E5%8D%94%E5%90%8C%E7%B5%84%E5%90%88_(%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B)" title="農業協同組合 (韓國)">農協</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="韩国汽车工业">汽車工業</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8" title="韩国旅游">旅遊業</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="韩国科技">科技</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background: transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="韩国知识产权制度">知识产权制度</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E8%AE%B8%E5%8E%85_(%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD)" title="特许厅 (韩国)">特許廳</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2" title="韩国科学技术研究院">韩国科学技术研究院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2" title="韩国电子通信研究院">韩国电子通信研究院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2" title="韩国生命工学研究院">韩国生命工学研究院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2" title="韩国航空宇宙研究院">韩国航空宇宙研究院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%BE%B7%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%9C%92%E5%8D%80" title="大德科學園區">大德科學園區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%A0%B8%E8%83%BD" title="韩国核能">核能</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KSTAR" title="KSTAR">KSTAR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%B2%A9%E5%A5%96" title="湖岩奖">湖岩奖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WiBro" title="WiBro">WiBro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#社会">社会</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f7f7f7);color: inherit;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3" title="韓國人口">人口</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E8%80%81%E9%BE%84%E5%8C%96" title="韩国人口老龄化">人口老龄化</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="韓國教育">教育</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韓國大學列表">大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SKY_(%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8)" title="SKY (大學)">SKY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E6%97%97%E8%88%B0%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="韩国国立旗舰大学">国立旗舰大学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E8%AA%9E" title="朝鮮語">语言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%93%E8%82%B2" title="韩国体育">体育</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%86%E6%8B%B3%E9%81%93" title="跆拳道">跆拳道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="1988年夏季奥林匹克运动会">1988年夏季奥林匹克运动会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B4%E5%86%AC%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="2018年冬季奥林匹克运动会">2018年冬季奥林匹克运动会</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%AF%80%E6%97%A5" title="韓國節日">节日</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="韓國宗教">宗教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="朝鮮半島基督教">基督新教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" title="朝鮮半島天主教">天主教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="天道教">天道教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="朝鲜佛教">佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%B7%AB%E6%95%99" title="朝鮮巫教">巫教</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E5%A9%9A%E5%A7%BB#韩国的婚姻" title="朝鲜半岛婚姻">婚姻</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="韩国文化">文化</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background: transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="朝鲜半岛文化">传统文化</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%A0%E5%BD%A2%E9%81%97%E4%BA%A7" title="国家无形遗产">国家无形遗产</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%9C%8D" title="韓服">韓服</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%B1%8B" title="韓屋">韓屋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E4%BC%A0%E7%BB%9F%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="朝鲜半岛传统音乐">传统音乐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7" title="朝鲜陶瓷">陶瓷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E7%BB%98%E7%94%BB" title="朝鲜绘画">传统绘画</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="韓醫學">韓醫學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD%E7%BA%B8" title="高丽纸">韓紙</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="韩国文学">文學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%B5%81" title="韓流">韓流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1" title="韓國電影">电影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韓國電影列表">列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8A%87" title="韓國電視劇">韩剧</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国电视剧列表">列表</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="韓國流行音樂">流行音乐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%99%E7%90%86" title="韓國料理">饮食文化</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%8C%B6%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="韩国茶文化">茶文化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E9%85%92%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="韩国酒文化">酒文化</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%81%97%E4%BA%A7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国世界遗产列表">世界遗产</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国博物馆列表">博物馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="韩国图书馆">图书馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%A6" title="韩国学">韩国学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E4%B8%BB%E9%A1%8C" title="Template:東亞主題"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E4%B8%BB%E9%A1%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:東亞主題(页面不存在)"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E4%B8%BB%E9%A1%8C" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:東亞主題"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="东亚" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A" title="东亚">东亚</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="Category:东亚国家">國家和地區</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国‎</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" title="中国大陆">中国大陆</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E5%9C%B0" title="中国内地">内地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國‎</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="台湾地区">台湾地区</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="台湾">台湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%96%80%E7%B8%A3" title="金門縣">金門</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%A5%96%E5%88%97%E5%B3%B6" title="馬祖列島">馬祖</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古国">蒙古国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE_(%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80)" title="朝鮮 (地區)">朝鮮</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国">朝鲜民主主义人民共和国‎</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">大韩民国</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%89%E7%90%83" title="琉球">琉球</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/80px-East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/120px-East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/160px-East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">文化</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9A%E5%B2%81" title="虚岁">虚岁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1" title="東亞電影">電影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%9C%88" title="漢字文化圈">文化圈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="東亞語言">語言</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="東亞音樂產業(页面不存在)">音樂產業</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="東亞宗教(页面不存在)">宗教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E8%A9%9E" title="漢字詞">漢字詞</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E5%A7%93%E6%B0%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="東亞姓氏列表(页面不存在)">姓氏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%97%A5%E9%9F%93%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E8%A1%A8%E6%84%8F%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="中日韓統一表意文字">中日韓統一表意文字</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">環境</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%BA%E7%B3%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东亚植物区系(页面不存在)">植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A3%E9%A2%A8%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="季風亞洲">季風</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E9%9B%A8" title="梅雨">梅雨</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">政治和經濟</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%97%A5%E9%9F%A9%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E4%BA%BA%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="中日韩领导人会议">中日韩领导人会议</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%A4%A5%E4%BC%B4%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="東亞全面經濟夥伴關係">東亞全面經濟夥伴關係</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="东亚峰会">东亚峰会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E9%AB%94" title="東亞共同體">東亞共同體</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="東亞經濟(页面不存在)">經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA%E6%AC%8A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="東亞人權(页面不存在)">人權</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E6%B8%AF%E5%8F%A3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="東亞港口列表(页面不存在)">港口</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%B2" title="东亚史">歷史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E8%80%83%E5%8F%A4%E5%AD%B8%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:東亞考古學文化(页面不存在)">考古學文化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="Category:东亚历史国家">已不存在的国家</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">體育</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%9C%83" title="東亞運動會">東亞運動會</a>→<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%9C%83" title="東亞青年運動會">東亞青年運動會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="東亞足球協會">東亞足球協會</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E9%8C%A6%E6%A8%99%E8%B3%BD" title="東亞足球錦標賽">東亞足球錦標賽</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E6%9F%94%E9%81%93%E9%8C%A6%E6%A8%99%E8%B3%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="東亞柔道錦標賽(页面不存在)">東亞柔道錦標賽</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA%E7%A8%AE" title="東亞人種">族群</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F" title="汉族">汉族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E6%97%8F" title="满族">满族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%8A%E5%8A%AA%E6%97%8F" title="阿伊努族">阿伊努族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%92%8C%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="大和民族">大和民族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="朝鲜民族">朝鲜民族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%89%E7%90%83%E6%97%8F" title="琉球族">琉球族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%8F%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="臺灣原住民族">臺灣原住民族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F" title="回族">回族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%97%8F" title="蒙古族">蒙古族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%97%8F" title="藏族">藏族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F" title="土家族">土家族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E6%97%8F" title="维吾尔族">维吾尔族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E6%97%8F" title="苗族">苗族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F" title="壮族">壮族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中國民族列表">中國其他民族</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%AA%E8%AF%86%E5%88%AB%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="中华人民共和国未识别民族">未識別民族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="Category:中國古代民族">古代民族</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="教育">教育</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="东亚研究">东亚研究</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%9E%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="东亚研究型大学协会">东亚研究型大学协会</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="亚洲" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="Template:亞洲"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="Template talk:亞洲"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:亞洲"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="亚洲" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A" title="东亚">东亚</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">韩国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国">朝鲜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古国">蒙古</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding: 0 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A" title="东南亚">东南亚</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AC%E5%9F%94%E5%AF%A8" title="柬埔寨">柬埔寨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D" title="老挝">老挝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%85%E7%94%B8" title="缅甸">缅甸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD" title="泰国">泰国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B6%E8%8E%B1" title="汶莱">文莱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%BE" title="菲律宾">菲律宾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="印度尼西亚">印度尼西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%B8%9D%E6%B1%B6" title="东帝汶">东帝汶</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A" title="南亚">南亚</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="巴基斯坦">巴基斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD" title="孟加拉国">孟加拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E8%98%AD%E5%8D%A1" title="斯里蘭卡">斯里蘭卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E5%B0%94" title="尼泊尔">尼泊尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E4%B8%B9" title="不丹">不丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%A4%AB" title="马尔代夫">马尔代夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97" title="阿富汗">阿富汗</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%BA%9A" title="中亚">中亚</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="哈萨克斯坦">哈萨克斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E5%90%89%E6%96%AF%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="吉尔吉斯斯坦">吉尔吉斯斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%90%89%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="塔吉克斯坦">塔吉克斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="乌兹别克斯坦">乌兹别克斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%BA%93%E6%9B%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="土库曼斯坦">土库曼斯坦</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="西亚">西亚</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%96%86" title="阿塞拜疆">阿塞拜疆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="亞美尼亞">亞美尼亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9A" title="格鲁吉亚">格鲁吉亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%A5%A5%E5%A1%9E%E6%A2%AF" title="南奥塞梯">南奥塞梯</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E8%8C%B2" title="阿布哈茲">阿布哈茲</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯">沙特阿拉伯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%9E%97" title="巴林">巴林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94" title="卡塔尔">卡塔尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%85%8B%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%BD" title="阿拉伯联合酋长国">阿拉伯联合酋长国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9B%BC" title="阿曼">阿曼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%97%A8" title="也门">也门</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%A8%81%E7%89%B9" title="科威特">科威特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="伊拉克">伊拉克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="叙利亚">叙利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9" title="黎巴嫩">黎巴嫩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E6%97%A6" title="约旦">约旦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%9C%8B" title="巴勒斯坦國">巴勒斯坦</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6" title="土耳其">土耳其</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="賽普勒斯">賽普勒斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E8%B3%BD%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="北賽普勒斯">北賽普勒斯</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%9A" title="北亚">北亚</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">海外<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" title="属地">屬地</a>與<br />其他特殊政區</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E6%8F%90%E5%88%A9%E8%88%87%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="亞克羅提利與德凱利亞">阿克罗蒂里和泽凯利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%B0" title="英屬印度洋領地">英屬印度洋領地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%AF%9E%E5%B2%9B" title="圣诞岛">圣诞岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%88%E5%9F%BA%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%89%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="科科斯(基林)群島">科科斯(基林)群島</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">註1:<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E6%89%BF%E8%AE%A4%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="有限承认国家">未受国际普遍承认国家</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="世界政區索引">世界政區索引</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="美洲">美洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E6%B4%B2" title="南极洲">南极洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%8B%E6%B4%B2" title="大洋洲">大洋洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国首都列表">各国首都列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22px_世界贸易组织_22px" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#EEEEFE;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Template:世界貿易組織"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Template talk:世界貿易組織"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:世界貿易組織"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="22px_世界贸易组织_22px" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WTO_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/WTO_Logo.svg/22px-WTO_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/WTO_Logo.svg/33px-WTO_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/WTO_Logo.svg/44px-WTO_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="95" data-file-height="88" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="世界贸易组织">世界贸易组织</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WTO_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/WTO_Logo.svg/22px-WTO_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/WTO_Logo.svg/33px-WTO_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/WTO_Logo.svg/44px-WTO_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="95" data-file-height="88" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ECECFE;">系統</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界貿易組織成員國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Member states of the World Trade Organization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E6%88%90%E5%93%A1%E5%9C%8B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="世界貿易組織成員國(页面不存在)">成員國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_states_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" class="extiw" title="en:Member states of the World Trade Organization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Member states of the World Trade Organization</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E8%AF%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" title="上诉机构">上诉机构</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="爭端解決機構" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dispute Settlement Body"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%AD%E7%AB%AF%E8%A7%A3%E6%B1%BA%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="爭端解決機構(页面不存在)">爭端解決機構</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispute_Settlement_Body" class="extiw" title="en:Dispute Settlement Body"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dispute Settlement Body</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="国际贸易中心">国际贸易中心</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界貿易組織時間表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Timeline of the World Trade Organization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E8%A1%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="世界貿易組織時間表(页面不存在)">時間表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of the World Trade Organization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Timeline of the World Trade Organization</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_Trade_Organization_(logo_and_wordmark).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/World_Trade_Organization_%28logo_and_wordmark%29.svg/222px-World_Trade_Organization_%28logo_and_wordmark%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="222" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/World_Trade_Organization_%28logo_and_wordmark%29.svg/333px-World_Trade_Organization_%28logo_and_wordmark%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/World_Trade_Organization_%28logo_and_wordmark%29.svg/444px-World_Trade_Organization_%28logo_and_wordmark%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="111" /></a></span><br /> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WTO_Ministerial_Conference_December_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WTO_Ministerial_Conference_December_2011.jpg/222px-WTO_Ministerial_Conference_December_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WTO_Ministerial_Conference_December_2011.jpg/333px-WTO_Ministerial_Conference_December_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WTO_Ministerial_Conference_December_2011.jpg/444px-WTO_Ministerial_Conference_December_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a></span><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_Trade_Organization_negotiations.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/World_Trade_Organization_negotiations.svg/222px-World_Trade_Organization_negotiations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="222" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/World_Trade_Organization_negotiations.svg/333px-World_Trade_Organization_negotiations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/World_Trade_Organization_negotiations.svg/444px-World_Trade_Organization_negotiations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a></span><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fourth_Global_Review_of_Aid_for_Trade_1691_(9237986689).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Fourth_Global_Review_of_Aid_for_Trade_1691_%289237986689%29.jpg/222px-Fourth_Global_Review_of_Aid_for_Trade_1691_%289237986689%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Fourth_Global_Review_of_Aid_for_Trade_1691_%289237986689%29.jpg/333px-Fourth_Global_Review_of_Aid_for_Trade_1691_%289237986689%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Fourth_Global_Review_of_Aid_for_Trade_1691_%289237986689%29.jpg/444px-Fourth_Global_Review_of_Aid_for_Trade_1691_%289237986689%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6048" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Free_Trade_Areas.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Free_Trade_Areas.PNG/222px-Free_Trade_Areas.PNG" decoding="async" width="222" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Free_Trade_Areas.PNG/333px-Free_Trade_Areas.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Free_Trade_Areas.PNG/444px-Free_Trade_Areas.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1428" data-file-height="628" /></a></span><br /> </p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WTO_Ministerial_Conference_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/WTO_Ministerial_Conference_2011.jpg/222px-WTO_Ministerial_Conference_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/WTO_Ministerial_Conference_2011.jpg/333px-WTO_Ministerial_Conference_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/WTO_Ministerial_Conference_2011.jpg/444px-WTO_Ministerial_Conference_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6048" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ECECFE;">問題</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%AF%84" title="对世界贸易组织的批评">对世界贸易组织的批评</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%93%88%E5%9B%9E%E5%90%88%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E8%AB%87%E5%88%A4" title="多哈回合貿易談判">多哈回合貿易談判</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新加坡問題" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Singapore issues"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="新加坡問題(页面不存在)">新加坡問題</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore_issues" class="extiw" title="en:Singapore issues"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Singapore issues</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="取消配額" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Quota Elimination"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%96%E6%B6%88%E9%85%8D%E9%A1%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="取消配額(页面不存在)">取消配額</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quota_Elimination" class="extiw" title="en:Quota Elimination"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Quota Elimination</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="和平條款" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peace Clause"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E6%A2%9D%E6%AC%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="和平條款(页面不存在)">和平條款</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Clause" class="extiw" title="en:Peace Clause"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peace Clause</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ECECFE;">協定</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%9C%E7%A8%85%E6%9A%A8%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B8%BD%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A" title="關稅暨貿易總協定">關稅暨貿易總協定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A" title="農業協定">農業協定</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="實施衛生及植物檢疫措施協定" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%A6%E6%96%BD%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E5%8F%8A%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E6%AA%A2%E7%96%AB%E6%8E%AA%E6%96%BD%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="實施衛生及植物檢疫措施協定(页面不存在)">實施衛生及植物檢疫措施協定</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreement_on_the_Application_of_Sanitary_and_Phytosanitary_Measures" class="extiw" title="en:Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技術性貿易壁壘協定" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E6%80%A7%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E5%A3%81%E5%A3%98%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="技術性貿易壁壘協定(页面不存在)">技術性貿易壁壘協定</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreement_on_Technical_Barriers_to_Trade" class="extiw" title="en:Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="與貿易有關的投資措施協定" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%87%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E6%9C%89%E9%97%9C%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%95%E8%B3%87%E6%8E%AA%E6%96%BD%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="與貿易有關的投資措施協定(页面不存在)">與貿易有關的投資措施協定</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreement_on_Trade-Related_Investment_Measures" class="extiw" title="en:Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B8%BD%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A" title="服務貿易總協定">服務貿易總協定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8E%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E6%9C%89%E5%85%B3%E7%9A%84%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="与贸易有关的知识产权协定">与贸易有关的知识产权协定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E6%8E%A1%E8%B3%BC%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A" title="政府採購協定">政府採購協定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A" title="資訊科技協定">資訊科技協定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%96%80%E4%BB%80%E5%BB%BA%E7%AB%8B%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="马拉喀什建立世界贸易组织协定">马拉喀什建立世界贸易组织协定</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="關於TRIPS協議和公共衛生的多哈宣言" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%97%9C%E6%96%BCTRIPS%E5%8D%94%E8%AD%B0%E5%92%8C%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%9A%E5%93%88%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="關於TRIPS協議和公共衛生的多哈宣言(页面不存在)">關於TRIPS協議和公共衛生的多哈宣言</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doha_Declaration_on_the_TRIPS_agreement_and_public_health" class="extiw" title="en:Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="峇裡島套餐" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bali Package"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B3%87%E8%A3%A1%E5%B3%B6%E5%A5%97%E9%A4%90&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="峇裡島套餐(页面不存在)">峇裡島套餐</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bali_Package" class="extiw" title="en:Bali Package"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bali Package</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ECECFE;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="部長級" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ministerial Conference"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="部長級(页面不存在)">部長級</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministerial_Conference" class="extiw" title="en:Ministerial Conference"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ministerial Conference</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span><br />會議</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="世界貿易組織第一次部長級會議">第一次</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="世界貿易組織第二次部長級會議">第二次</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="世界貿易組織第三次部長級會議">第三次</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="世界貿易組織第四次部長級會議">第四次</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="世界貿易組織第五次部長級會議">第五次</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="世界貿易組織第六次部長級會議">第六次</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="世界貿易組織第七次部長級會議">第七次</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界貿易組織第八次部長級會議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2011"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="世界貿易組織第八次部長級會議(页面不存在)">第八次</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2011" class="extiw" title="en:World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2011"><span lang="en" dir="auto">World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2011</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界貿易組織第九次部長級會議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2013"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="世界貿易組織第九次部長級會議(页面不存在)">第九次</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2013" class="extiw" title="en:World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2013"><span lang="en" dir="auto">World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2013</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界貿易組織第十次部長級會議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2015"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="世界貿易組織第十次部長級會議(页面不存在)">第十次</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2015" class="extiw" title="en:World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2015"><span lang="en" dir="auto">World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2015</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界貿易組織第十一次部長級會議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2017"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="世界貿易組織第十一次部長級會議(页面不存在)">第十一次</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2017" class="extiw" title="en:World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2017"><span lang="en" dir="auto">World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2017</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界貿易組織第十二次部長級會議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2022"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="世界貿易組織第十二次部長級會議(页面不存在)">第十二次</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2022" class="extiw" title="en:World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2022"><span lang="en" dir="auto">World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2022</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世界貿易組織第十三次部長級會議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2024"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="世界貿易組織第十三次部長級會議(页面不存在)">第十三次</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2024" class="extiw" title="en:World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2024"><span lang="en" dir="auto">World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2024</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ECECFE;">人士</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E6%88%88%E9%BD%8A%C2%B7%E5%A5%A7%E5%AD%94%E7%B4%84-%E4%BC%8A%E8%A1%9E%E6%8B%89" title="恩戈齊·奧孔約-伊衞拉">恩戈齊·奧孔約-伊衞拉</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%B8%BD%E5%B9%B9%E4%BA%8B" title="世界貿易組織總幹事">世界貿易組織總幹事</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%BD%E7%BB%B4%E5%A4%9A" title="罗伯托·阿泽维多">罗伯托·阿泽维多</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%B1%B3" title="帕斯卡尔·拉米">帕斯卡尔·拉米</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="素帕猜·帕尼帕迪" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Supachai Panitchpakdi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A0%E5%B8%95%E7%8C%9C%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%BC%E5%B8%95%E8%BF%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="素帕猜·帕尼帕迪(页面不存在)">素帕猜·帕尼帕迪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supachai_Panitchpakdi" class="extiw" title="en:Supachai Panitchpakdi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Supachai Panitchpakdi</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亞歷杭德羅·哈拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Alejandro Jara"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E6%9D%AD%E5%BE%B7%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="亞歷杭德羅·哈拉(页面不存在)">亞歷杭德羅·哈拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Jara" class="extiw" title="en:Alejandro Jara"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Alejandro Jara</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="魯弗斯·耶克薩" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rufus Yerxa"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%BC%97%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%80%B6%E5%85%8B%E8%96%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="魯弗斯·耶克薩(页面不存在)">魯弗斯·耶克薩</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rufus_Yerxa" class="extiw" title="en:Rufus Yerxa"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rufus Yerxa</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ECECFE;">經濟</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="阿富汗经济">阿富汗经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="阿尔巴尼亚经济">阿尔巴尼亚经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="阿尔及利亚经济">阿尔及利亚经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="安哥拉經濟">安哥拉經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="安地卡及巴布達經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Antigua and Barbuda"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%A1%E5%8F%8A%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E9%81%94%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="安地卡及巴布達經濟(页面不存在)">安地卡及巴布達經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Antigua and Barbuda"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Antigua and Barbuda</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="阿根廷經濟">阿根廷經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="亚美尼亚经济">亚美尼亚经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="澳大利亞經濟">澳大利亚經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%9E%97%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="巴林經濟">巴林經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="孟加拉国经济">孟加拉国经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴貝多經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Barbados"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%B2%9D%E5%A4%9A%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="巴貝多經濟(页面不存在)">巴貝多經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Barbados" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Barbados"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Barbados</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="貝里斯經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Belize"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%9D%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="貝里斯經濟(页面不存在)">貝里斯經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Belize" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Belize"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Belize</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="貝南經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Benin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%9D%E5%8D%97%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="貝南經濟(页面不存在)">貝南經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Benin" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Benin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Benin</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="玻利維亞經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Bolivia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%BB%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="玻利維亞經濟(页面不存在)">玻利維亞經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Bolivia" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Bolivia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Bolivia</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E8%8C%A8%E7%93%A6%E7%B4%8D%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="博茨瓦納經濟">博茨瓦納經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="巴西經濟">巴西經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B6%E8%90%8A%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="汶萊經濟">汶萊經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="布吉納法索經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Burkina Faso"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E5%90%89%E7%B4%8D%E6%B3%95%E7%B4%A2%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="布吉納法索經濟(页面不存在)">布吉納法索經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Burkina_Faso" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Burkina Faso"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Burkina Faso</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%85%E7%94%B8%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="缅甸经济">缅甸经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蒲隆地經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Burundi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%92%B2%E9%9A%86%E5%9C%B0%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蒲隆地經濟(页面不存在)">蒲隆地經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Burundi" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Burundi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Burundi</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AC%E5%9F%94%E5%AF%A8%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="柬埔寨經濟">柬埔寨經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="喀麥隆經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Cameroon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%80%E9%BA%A5%E9%9A%86%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="喀麥隆經濟(页面不存在)">喀麥隆經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Cameroon" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Cameroon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Cameroon</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="加拿大經濟">加拿大經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%BE%97%E8%A7%92%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="佛得角經濟">佛得角經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="中非共和國經濟">中非共和國經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8D%E5%BE%97%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="乍得经济">乍得经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="智利经济">智利经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="中华人民共和国经济">中华人民共和国经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E4%BC%A6%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="哥伦比亚经济">哥伦比亚经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="刚果民主共和国经济">刚果民主共和国经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="剛果共和國經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of the Republic of the Congo"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%9B%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="剛果共和國經濟(页面不存在)">剛果共和國經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of the Republic of the Congo"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of the Republic of the Congo</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%A7%E9%BB%8E%E5%8A%A0%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="哥斯大黎加經濟">哥斯大黎加經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E7%89%99%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%B8%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="象牙海岸經濟">象牙海岸經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="古巴经济">古巴经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="吉布地經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Djibouti"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E5%9C%B0%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="吉布地經濟(页面不存在)">吉布地經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Djibouti" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Djibouti"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Djibouti</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%BC%E5%8A%A0%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="多米尼加经济">多明尼加經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%BC%E5%8A%A0%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="多米尼加经济">多米尼加经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="厄瓜多經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Ecuador"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%84%E7%93%9C%E5%A4%9A%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="厄瓜多經濟(页面不存在)">厄瓜多經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Ecuador" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Ecuador"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Ecuador</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="埃及經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Egypt"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="埃及經濟(页面不存在)">埃及經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Egypt" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Egypt"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Egypt</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩爾瓦多經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of El Salvador"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E7%88%BE%E7%93%A6%E5%A4%9A%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="薩爾瓦多經濟(页面不存在)">薩爾瓦多經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_El_Salvador" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of El Salvador"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of El Salvador</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%B0%BC%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="史瓦帝尼經濟">史瓦帝尼經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E6%BF%9F%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="斐濟經濟">斐濟經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%93%AC%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="加蓬经济">加蓬经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="甘比亞經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of the Gambia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%98%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="甘比亞經濟(页面不存在)">甘比亞經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Gambia" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of the Gambia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of the Gambia</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="喬治亞經濟">喬治亞經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%8D%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="加納經濟">加納經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="格瑞那達經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Grenada"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E7%91%9E%E9%82%A3%E9%81%94%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="格瑞那達經濟(页面不存在)">格瑞那達經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Grenada" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Grenada"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Grenada</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="瓜地馬拉經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Guatemala"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%93%9C%E5%9C%B0%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="瓜地馬拉經濟(页面不存在)">瓜地馬拉經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Guatemala" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Guatemala"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Guatemala</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="幾內亞經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Guinea"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BE%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="幾內亞經濟(页面不存在)">幾內亞經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Guinea"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Guinea</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="幾內亞比索經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Guinea-Bissau"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BE%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E%E6%AF%94%E7%B4%A2%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="幾內亞比索經濟(页面不存在)">幾內亞比索經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea-Bissau" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Guinea-Bissau"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Guinea-Bissau</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="圭亞那經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Guyana"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%AD%E4%BA%9E%E9%82%A3%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="圭亞那經濟(页面不存在)">圭亞那經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Guyana" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Guyana"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Guyana</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%9C%B0%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="海地经济">海地经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="宏都拉斯經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Honduras"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8F%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="宏都拉斯經濟(页面不存在)">宏都拉斯經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Honduras" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Honduras"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Honduras</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="香港經濟">香港經濟</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B3%B6%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="冰島經濟">冰島經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="印度经济">印度经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="印度尼西亚经济">印度尼西亚经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="以色列經濟">以色列經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="牙買加經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Jamaica"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%99%E8%B2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="牙買加經濟(页面不存在)">牙買加經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Jamaica" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Jamaica"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Jamaica</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="日本經濟">日本經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E6%97%A6%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="約旦經濟">約旦經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="哈萨克斯坦经济">哈萨克斯坦经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="肯尼亞經濟">肯尼亞經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="韓國經濟">韓國經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科威特經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Kuwait"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%A8%81%E7%89%B9%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="科威特經濟(页面不存在)">科威特經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Kuwait" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Kuwait"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Kuwait</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="吉爾吉斯經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Kyrgyzstan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE%E5%90%89%E6%96%AF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="吉爾吉斯經濟(页面不存在)">吉爾吉斯經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Kyrgyzstan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Kyrgyzstan</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="老挝经济">老挝经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="賴索托經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Lesotho"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%B4%E7%B4%A2%E6%89%98%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="賴索托經濟(页面不存在)">賴索托經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Lesotho" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Lesotho"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Lesotho</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="利比里亞經濟">利比里亞經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E6%94%AF%E6%95%A6%E6%96%AF%E7%99%BB%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="列支敦斯登經濟">列支敦斯登經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="澳門經濟">澳門經濟</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬達加斯加經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Madagascar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%94%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="馬達加斯加經濟(页面不存在)">馬達加斯加經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Madagascar" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Madagascar"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Madagascar</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬拉威經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Malawi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%A8%81%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="馬拉威經濟(页面不存在)">馬拉威經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Malawi" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Malawi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Malawi</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="马来西亚经济">马来西亚经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%A4%AB%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="马尔代夫经济">馬爾地夫經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬裡經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Mali"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E8%A3%A1%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="馬裡經濟(页面不存在)">馬裡經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mali" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Mali"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Mali</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="茅利塔尼亞經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Mauritania"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8C%85%E5%88%A9%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="茅利塔尼亞經濟(页面不存在)">茅利塔尼亞經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritania" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Mauritania"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Mauritania</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="模里西斯經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Mauritius"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8C%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="模里西斯經濟(页面不存在)">模里西斯經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritius" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Mauritius"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Mauritius</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="墨西哥经济">墨西哥经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%9A%E7%93%A6%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="摩爾多瓦經濟">摩爾多瓦經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="蒙古國經濟">蒙古國經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%B1%B1%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="黑山經濟">黑山經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="摩洛哥經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Morocco"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="摩洛哥經濟(页面不存在)">摩洛哥經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Morocco" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Morocco"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Morocco</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="莫桑比克經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Mozambique"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E6%A1%91%E6%AF%94%E5%85%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="莫桑比克經濟(页面不存在)">莫桑比克經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mozambique" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Mozambique"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Mozambique</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="納米比亞經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Namibia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8D%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="納米比亞經濟(页面不存在)">納米比亞經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Namibia" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Namibia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Namibia</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="尼泊爾經濟">尼泊爾經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="新西蘭經濟">新西蘭經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E7%93%9C%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="尼加拉瓜经济">尼加拉瓜经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="尼日經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Niger"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%BC%E6%97%A5%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="尼日經濟(页面不存在)">尼日經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Niger" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Niger"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Niger</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%97%A5%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="尼日利亚经济">尼日利亚经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%B6%E9%A0%93%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="北馬其頓經濟">北馬其頓經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="挪威經濟">挪威經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿曼經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Oman"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%9B%BC%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="阿曼經濟(页面不存在)">阿曼經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Oman" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Oman"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Oman</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="巴基斯坦經濟">巴基斯坦經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A9%AC%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="巴拿马经济">巴拿马经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%9E%E7%B4%90%E5%B9%BE%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="巴布亞紐幾內亞經濟">巴布亞紐幾內亞經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%AD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="巴拉圭经济">巴拉圭经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%98%E9%B2%81%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="秘鲁经济">秘鲁经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E8%B3%93%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="菲律賓經濟">菲律賓經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E9%81%94%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="卡達經濟">卡達經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="俄羅斯經濟">俄羅斯經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E6%97%BA%E9%81%94%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="盧旺達經濟">盧旺達經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聖克里斯多福及尼維斯經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E7%A6%8F%E5%8F%8A%E5%B0%BC%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="聖克里斯多福及尼維斯經濟(页面不存在)">聖克里斯多福及尼維斯經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聖露西亞經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Saint Lucia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E9%9C%B2%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="聖露西亞經濟(页面不存在)">聖露西亞經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Lucia" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Saint Lucia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Saint Lucia</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聖文森及格瑞那丁經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%96%E6%96%87%E6%A3%AE%E5%8F%8A%E6%A0%BC%E7%91%9E%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%81%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="聖文森及格瑞那丁經濟(页面不存在)">聖文森及格瑞那丁經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%91%A9%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="萨摩亚经济">萨摩亚经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="沙特阿拉伯經濟">沙特阿拉伯經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="塞內加爾經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Senegal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%A7%E5%8A%A0%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="塞內加爾經濟(页面不存在)">塞內加爾經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Senegal" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Senegal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Senegal</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="塞席爾經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Seychelles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%9E%E5%B8%AD%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="塞席爾經濟(页面不存在)">塞席爾經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Seychelles" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Seychelles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Seychelles</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E6%98%82%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="塞拉利昂經濟">塞拉利昂經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="新加坡经济">新加坡经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="索羅門群島經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Solomon Islands"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A2%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="索羅門群島經濟(页面不存在)">索羅門群島經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Solomon_Islands" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Solomon Islands"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Solomon Islands</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="南非經濟">南非經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%8D%A1%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="斯里兰卡經濟">斯里兰卡經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蘇利南經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Suriname"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E5%88%A9%E5%8D%97%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇利南經濟(页面不存在)">蘇利南經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Suriname" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Suriname"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Suriname</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="瑞士經濟">瑞士經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%90%89%E5%85%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="塔吉克經濟">塔吉克經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="臺灣經濟">臺灣經濟</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="坦桑尼亚经济">坦桑尼亚经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="泰國經濟">泰國經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%93%A5%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="多哥经济">多哥经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%AF%E5%8A%A0%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="湯加經濟">湯加經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="千里達及托巴哥經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Trinidad and Tobago"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%83%E9%87%8C%E9%81%94%E5%8F%8A%E6%89%98%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="千里達及托巴哥經濟(页面不存在)">千里達及托巴哥經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Trinidad and Tobago"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Trinidad and Tobago</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="突尼西亞經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Tunisia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AA%81%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="突尼西亞經濟(页面不存在)">突尼西亞經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Tunisia" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Tunisia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Tunisia</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="土耳其經濟">土耳其經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%B9%B2%E9%81%94%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="烏干達經濟">烏干達經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="烏克蘭經濟">烏克蘭經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E9%85%8B%E9%95%B7%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="阿拉伯聯合酋長國經濟">阿拉伯聯合酋長國經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="英国经济">英国经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="美國經濟">美國經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="烏拉圭經濟">烏拉圭經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="委內瑞拉經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Venezuela"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%94%E5%85%A7%E7%91%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="委內瑞拉經濟(页面不存在)">委內瑞拉經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Venezuela" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Venezuela"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Venezuela</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="越南經濟">越南經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%96%80%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="也門經濟">也門經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="尚比亞經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Zambia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%9A%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="尚比亞經濟(页面不存在)">尚比亞經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Zambia" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Zambia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Zambia</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="辛巴威經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economy of Zimbabwe"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%9B%E5%B7%B4%E5%A8%81%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="辛巴威經濟(页面不存在)">辛巴威經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Zimbabwe" class="extiw" title="en:Economy of Zimbabwe"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economy of Zimbabwe</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="歐盟經濟" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="歐洲聯盟經濟">歐盟經濟</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="奧地利經濟">奧地利經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="比利时经济">比利时经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="保加利亞經濟">保加利亞經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%9F%83%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="克羅埃西亞經濟">克羅埃西亞經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="塞浦路斯經濟">塞浦路斯經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="捷克經濟">捷克經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A5%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="丹麥經濟">丹麥經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="愛沙尼亞經濟">愛沙尼亞經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="芬蘭經濟">芬蘭經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="法國經濟">法國經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="德國經濟">德國經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="希臘經濟">希臘經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="匈牙利經濟">匈牙利經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="愛爾蘭經濟">愛爾蘭經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="義大利經濟">義大利經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%84%AB%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="拉脫維亞經濟">拉脫維亞經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="立陶宛經濟">立陶宛經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="盧森堡經濟">盧森堡經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="馬耳他經濟">馬耳他經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="荷兰经济">荷兰经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="波蘭經濟">波蘭經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="葡萄牙經濟">葡萄牙經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="羅馬尼亞經濟">羅馬尼亞經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="斯洛伐克經濟">斯洛伐克經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E7%B6%AD%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="斯洛維尼亞經濟">斯洛維尼亞經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="西班牙经济">西班牙经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="瑞典經濟">瑞典經濟</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#CFCFFC;"><div> <ul><li>註1. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="特别行政区">特别行政区</a>以「<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">中國香港</a>」及「<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" class="mw-redirect" title="中國澳門">中國澳門</a>」身份參加世界貿易組織。</li> <li>註2. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a>的正式會籍为“<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E6%BE%8E%E9%87%91%E9%A6%AC%E5%80%8B%E5%88%A5%E9%97%9C%E7%A8%85%E9%A0%98%E5%9F%9F" title="臺澎金馬個別關稅領域">台湾、澎湖、金门及马祖个别关税领域</a>”,簡稱「<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E8%87%BA%E5%8C%97" class="mw-redirect" title="中華臺北">中華臺北</a>」。</li></ul> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-money.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/28px-Emblem-money.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/42px-Emblem-money.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/56px-Emblem-money.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:经济">經濟主题</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="二十國集團(G20)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G20" title="Template:G20"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G20" title="Template talk:G20"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:G20" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:G20"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="二十國集團(G20)" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="二十國集團">二十國集團</a>(G20)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png 1.5x, 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF" title="巴西">巴西</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/22px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/33px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/44px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="欧洲联盟">欧盟</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="印度尼西亚">印度尼西亞</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利">義大利</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯">沙烏地阿拉伯</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">韩国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6" title="土耳其">土耳其</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a></li></ul> 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title="Special:编辑页面/Template:经济合作与发展组织"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="经济合作与发展组织(OECD)" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="经济合作与发展组织">经济合作与发展组织</a>(OECD)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">成员国</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比利时</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9" title="智利">智利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E4%BC%A6%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="哥伦比亚">哥伦比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E6%96%AF%E8%BE%BE%E9%BB%8E%E5%8A%A0" title="哥斯达黎加">哥斯达黎加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B" title="捷克">捷克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6" title="丹麦">丹麦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="爱沙尼亚">爱沙尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0" title="芬兰">芬兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘">希臘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B2%9B" title="冰岛">冰岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">爱尔兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">南韓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%84%AB%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="拉脫維亞">拉脫維亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B" title="立陶宛">立陶宛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1" title="卢森堡">卢森堡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0" title="荷兰">荷兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%B0" title="新西兰">新西兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81" title="挪威">挪威</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0" title="波兰">波兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙">葡萄牙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B" title="斯洛伐克">斯洛伐克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="斯洛文尼亚">斯洛文尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99" title="西班牙">西班牙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6" title="土耳其">土耳其</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OECD_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/OECD_logo.svg/120px-OECD_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/OECD_logo.svg/180px-OECD_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/OECD_logo.svg/240px-OECD_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="51" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">候選成員</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><s><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a></s></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E4%BC%A6%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="哥伦比亚">哥伦比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E6%96%AF%E8%BE%BE%E9%BB%8E%E5%8A%A0" title="哥斯达黎加">哥斯达黎加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B" title="立陶宛">立陶宛</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">委員會觀察員或參與者</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E8%87%BA%E5%8C%97" class="mw-redirect" title="中華臺北">中華臺北</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a></li> <li>等25個國家或地區</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="欧洲联盟委员会">歐盟委員會</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">強化合作夥伴</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF" title="巴西">巴西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="印度尼西亚">印度尼西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>刪除線代表經合組織終結俄羅斯的入會進程</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="亚太经济合作组织(APEC)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="Template:亚洲太平洋经济合作组织"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="Template talk:亚洲太平洋经济合作组织"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:亚洲太平洋经济合作组织"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="亚太经济合作组织(APEC)" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%AA%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="亚太经济合作组织">亚太经济合作组织</a>(APEC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">经济体</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">亞洲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B6%E8%8E%B1" title="汶莱">文莱达鲁萨兰国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">中國香港</a>¹</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="印度尼西亚">印度尼西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">大韩民国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%BE" title="菲律宾">菲律宾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97" title="中華台北">中華臺北</a>²</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD" title="泰国">泰国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">歐亞</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">大洋洲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%B0" title="新西兰">紐西蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A" title="巴布亚新几内亚">巴布亞紐幾內亞</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">美洲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9" title="智利">智利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%98%E9%B2%81" title="秘鲁">秘鲁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">峰会</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1989%E5%B9%B4%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9EAPEC%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="1989年澳大利亞APEC會議">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1APEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1990年新加坡APEC峰會(页面不存在)">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991%E5%B9%B4%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8BAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1991年韓國APEC峰會(页面不存在)">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1992%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%B0%E5%9C%8BAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1992年泰國APEC峰會(页面不存在)">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993%E5%B9%B4%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8BAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1993年美國APEC峰會(页面不存在)">1993</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1994年印度尼西亞APEC峰會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APEC Indonesia 1994"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1994%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9EAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1994年印度尼西亞APEC峰會(页面不存在)">1994</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC_Indonesia_1994" class="extiw" title="en:APEC Indonesia 1994"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APEC Indonesia 1994</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1995年日本APEC峰會" data-lang-code="ru" data-lang-name="俄语" data-foreign-title="Саммит АТЭС 1995"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1995%E5%B9%B4%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%ACAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1995年日本APEC峰會(页面不存在)">1995</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">俄语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%A2%D0%AD%D0%A1_1995" class="extiw" title="ru:Саммит АТЭС 1995"><span lang="ru" dir="auto">Саммит АТЭС 1995</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996%E5%B9%B4%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E8%B3%93APEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="1996年菲律賓APEC峰會">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997%E5%B9%B4%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7APEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="1997年加拿大APEC峰會">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1998%E5%B9%B4%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9EAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1998年馬來西亞APEC峰會(页面不存在)">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1999%E5%B9%B4%E7%B4%90%E8%A5%BF%E8%98%ADAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1999年紐西蘭APEC峰會(页面不存在)">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000%E5%B9%B4%E6%B1%B6%E8%90%8AAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2000年汶萊APEC峰會(页面不存在)">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%AA%E7%BB%8F%E5%90%88%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D%E6%AC%A1%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E4%BA%BA%E9%9D%9E%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%8F%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="亚太经合组织第九次领导人非正式会议">2001</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2002年墨西哥APEC峰會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APEC Mexico 2002"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2002%E5%B9%B4%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5APEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2002年墨西哥APEC峰會(页面不存在)">2002</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC_Mexico_2002" class="extiw" title="en:APEC Mexico 2002"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APEC Mexico 2002</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2003年泰國APEC峰會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APEC Thailand 2003"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2003%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%B0%E5%9C%8BAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2003年泰國APEC峰會(页面不存在)">2003</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC_Thailand_2003" class="extiw" title="en:APEC Thailand 2003"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APEC Thailand 2003</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004%E5%B9%B4%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9APEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2004年智利APEC峰會">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005%E5%B9%B4%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8BAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2005年韓國APEC峰會">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006%E5%B9%B4%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97APEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2006年越南APEC峰會">2006</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2007年澳大利亞APEC峰會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APEC Australia 2007"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2007%E5%B9%B4%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9EAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2007年澳大利亞APEC峰會(页面不存在)">2007</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC_Australia_2007" class="extiw" title="en:APEC Australia 2007"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APEC Australia 2007</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2008年秘魯APEC峰會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APEC Peru 2008"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2008%E5%B9%B4%E7%A7%98%E9%AD%AFAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2008年秘魯APEC峰會(页面不存在)">2008</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC_Peru_2008" class="extiw" title="en:APEC Peru 2008"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APEC Peru 2008</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2009年新加坡APEC峰會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APEC Singapore 2009"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2009%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1APEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2009年新加坡APEC峰會(页面不存在)">2009</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC_Singapore_2009" class="extiw" title="en:APEC Singapore 2009"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APEC Singapore 2009</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010%E5%B9%B4%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%ACAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2010年日本APEC峰會">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8BAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2011年美國APEC峰會">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012%E5%B9%B4%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AFAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2012年俄羅斯APEC峰會">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9AAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2013年印度尼西亚APEC峰会">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BDAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2014年中国APEC峰会">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E5%B9%B4%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%BEAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2015年菲律宾APEC峰会">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E5%B9%B4%E7%A7%98%E9%B2%81APEC%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2016年秘鲁APEC峰会">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017%E5%B9%B4%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97APEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2017年越南APEC峰會">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9AAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2018年巴布亚新几内亚APEC峰会">2018</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/2019%E5%B9%B4%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9APEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2019年智利APEC峰會">2019</a></s></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2020年馬來西亞APEC峰會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APEC Malaysia 2020"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2020%E5%B9%B4%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9EAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2020年馬來西亞APEC峰會(页面不存在)">2020</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC_Malaysia_2020" class="extiw" title="en:APEC Malaysia 2020"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APEC Malaysia 2020</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2021年新西兰APEC峰会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APEC New Zealand 2021"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%B0APEC%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2021年新西兰APEC峰会(页面不存在)">2021</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC_New_Zealand_2021" class="extiw" title="en:APEC New Zealand 2021"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APEC New Zealand 2021</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%B0%E5%9C%8BAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2022年泰國APEC峰會">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8BAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2023年美國APEC峰會">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E7%A7%98%E9%AD%AFAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2024年秘魯APEC峰會">2024</a></li> <li><i><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2025年韩国APEC峰会" data-lang-code="ko" data-lang-name="朝鲜语" data-foreign-title="2025년 경주 APEC 정상회의"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2025%E5%B9%B4%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BDAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2025年韩国APEC峰会(页面不存在)">2025</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">朝鲜语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025%EB%85%84_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC_APEC_%EC%A0%95%EC%83%81%ED%9A%8C%EC%9D%98" class="extiw" title="ko:2025년 경주 APEC 정상회의"><span lang="ko" dir="auto">2025년 경주 APEC 정상회의</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=2026%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BDAPEC%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2026年中国APEC峰会(页面不存在)">2026</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=2027%E5%B9%B4%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97APEC%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2027年越南APEC峰会(页面不存在)">2027</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%AA%E7%B6%93%E5%90%88%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E5%95%86%E5%8B%99%E6%97%85%E9%81%8A%E8%AD%89" title="亞太經合組織商務旅遊證">亞太經合組織商務旅遊證</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="APEC藍" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APEC blue"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC%E8%97%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC藍(页面不存在)">APEC藍</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC_blue" class="extiw" title="en:APEC blue"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APEC blue</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="APEC气候中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APEC Climate Center"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC气候中心(页面不存在)">APEC气候中心</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC_Climate_Center" class="extiw" title="en:APEC Climate Center"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APEC Climate Center</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/APEC%E9%9B%95%E5%A1%91%E5%9B%AD" title="APEC雕塑园">APEC雕塑园</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/APEC%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E7%AF%80" title="APEC青年科學節">APEC青年科学节</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><small>1. 香港最初是以「<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a>(Hong Kong)」名义加入,直至1997年7月1日<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E5%9B%9E%E6%AD%B8" title="香港回歸">香港主權移交</a>後改用「中國香港(Hong Kong, China)」<br />2. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a>以「<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97" title="中華台北">中華臺北</a>(Chinese Taipei)」名义加入</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="法语国家及地区国际组织" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8F%8A%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="Template:法语国家及地区国际组织"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8F%8A%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" 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style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">會員</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E9%81%93%E5%B0%94" title="安道尔">安道尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="亞美尼亞">亞美尼亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比利时</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%AE%81" title="贝宁">贝宁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="保加利亚">保加利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%90%89%E7%B4%8D%E6%B3%95%E7%B4%A2" title="布吉納法索">布吉納法索</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B2%E9%9A%86%E5%9C%B0" title="蒲隆地">蒲隆地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%BE%97%E8%A7%92" title="佛得角">佛得角</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AC%E5%9F%94%E5%AF%A8" title="柬埔寨">柬埔寨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E9%BA%A6%E9%9A%86" title="喀麦隆">喀麦隆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a></li> <li>加拿大<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%8D%E5%80%AB%E7%91%9E%E5%85%8B%E7%9C%81" title="新不倫瑞克省">新布藍茲維</a></li> <li>加拿大<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%81%E5%8C%97%E5%85%8B%E7%9C%81" title="魁北克省">魁北克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%9B%E6%91%A9" title="葛摩">葛摩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="刚果共和国">刚果共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="刚果民主共和国">刚果民主共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%89%B9%E8%BF%AA%E7%93%A6" title="科特迪瓦">科特迪瓦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8F%90" title="吉布提">吉布提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B" title="多米尼克">多米尼克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%93%AC" title="加蓬">加蓬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="希腊">希腊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A" title="几内亚">几内亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BE%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E%E6%AF%94%E7%B4%A2" title="幾內亞比索">幾內亞比索</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A" title="赤道几内亚">赤道几内亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%9C%B0" title="海地">海地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D" title="老挝">老挝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9" title="黎巴嫩">黎巴嫩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1" title="卢森堡">卢森堡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%B6%E9%A0%93" title="北馬其頓">北馬其頓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%BE%BE%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0" title="马达加斯加">马达加斯加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="马里">马里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E5%93%A5" title="摩洛哥">摩洛哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%82%E6%96%AF" title="毛里求斯">毛里求斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E9%87%8C%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="毛里塔尼亚">毛里塔尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E7%93%A6" title="摩尔多瓦">摩尔多瓦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%BA%B3%E5%93%A5" title="摩纳哥">摩纳哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%97%A5%E5%B0%94" title="尼日尔">尼日尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="中非共和國">中非</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="羅馬尼亞">羅馬尼亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%97%BA%E8%BE%BE" title="卢旺达">卢旺达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%8D%A2%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="圣卢西亚">圣卢西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%A4%9A%E7%BE%8E%E5%92%8C%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%AF%94" title="圣多美和普林西比">圣多美和普林西比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%86%85%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94" title="塞内加尔">塞内加尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%88%8C%E5%B0%94" title="塞舌尔">塞舌尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8D%E5%BE%97" title="乍得">乍得</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%93%A5" title="多哥">多哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E" title="突尼西亞">突尼西亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E5%8A%AA%E9%98%BF%E5%9B%BE" title="瓦努阿图">瓦努阿图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a></li> <li>比利時<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%AD%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4" title="比利时法语社群">瓦隆尼亞-布魯塞爾</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">準會員</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="賽普勒斯">賽普勒斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%85%8B%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%BD" title="阿拉伯联合酋长国">阿联酋</a></li> <li>法國<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%96%80%E9%87%8C%E5%A4%9A%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="新喀里多尼亞">新喀里多尼亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%BA%B3" title="加纳">加纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%B4%A2%E6%B2%83" title="科索沃">科索沃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94" title="卡塔尔">卡塔尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A" title="塞尔维亚">塞尔维亚</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">觀察員</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7" title="阿根廷">阿根廷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E9%BB%91%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%BB%B4%E9%82%A3" title="波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那">波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那</a></li> <li>加拿大<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%A4%A7%E7%95%A5%E7%9C%81" title="安大略省">安大略</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">南韓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E6%96%AF%E8%BE%BE%E9%BB%8E%E5%8A%A0" title="哥斯达黎加">哥斯达黎加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A" title="克罗地亚">克罗地亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%98%8E%E5%B0%BC%E5%8A%A0" title="多明尼加">多明尼加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="爱沙尼亚">爱沙尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%88%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="冈比亚">冈比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9A" title="格鲁吉亚">格鲁吉亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">爱尔兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%84%AB%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="拉脫維亞">拉脫維亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B" title="立陶宛">立陶宛</a></li> <li>美國<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%89%E9%82%A3%E5%B7%9E" title="路易斯安那州">路易斯安那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96" title="马耳他">马耳他</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%85%A7%E5%93%A5%E7%BE%85" title="蒙特內哥羅">蒙特內哥羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%A1%91%E6%AF%94%E5%85%8B" title="莫桑比克">莫桑比克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0" title="波兰">波兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B" title="斯洛伐克">斯洛伐克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="斯洛文尼亚">斯洛文尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B" title="捷克">捷克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD" title="泰国">泰国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰">乌克兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%AD" title="乌拉圭">乌拉圭</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="法語國家及地區國際組織旗幟" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg/100px-Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg/150px-Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg/200px-Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法語國家及地區國際組織秘書長" data-lang-code="fr" data-lang-name="法语" data-foreign-title="Secrétaire général de la Francophoni"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%8F%8A%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E7%A7%98%E6%9B%B8%E9%95%B7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="法語國家及地區國際組織秘書長(页面不存在)">秘書長</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">法语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secr%C3%A9taire_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_de_la_Francophoni" class="extiw" title="fr:Secrétaire général de la Francophoni"><span lang="fr" dir="auto">Secrétaire général de la Francophoni</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E7%89%B9%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E7%89%B9%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF-%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9" title="布特羅斯·布特羅斯-加利">布特羅斯·布特羅斯-加利</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E4%B9%8C%E5%A4%AB" title="阿卜杜·迪乌夫">阿卜杜·迪乌夫</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%84%E7%BE%8E%E6%A5%B7" title="庄美楷">米凱爾·尚恩</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E4%B8%9D%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%B8%8C%E5%9F%BA%E7%93%A6%E5%8D%9A" title="路易丝·穆希基瓦博">路易丝·穆希基瓦博</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相關條目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%AD" title="法语">法语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="法语国家和地区列表">法语国家和地区列表</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法語國家議會大會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="法語國家議會大會(页面不存在)">法語國家議會大會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_parlementaire_de_la_Francophonie" class="extiw" title="en:Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="文化及技術合作局" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%8F%8A%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E5%B1%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="文化及技術合作局(页面不存在)">文化及技術合作局</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a 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href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E6%89%BF%E8%AE%A4%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:有限承认国家"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="有限承认国家" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E6%89%BF%E8%AE%A4%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="有限承认国家">有限承认国家</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>关于<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E6%89%BF%E8%AE%A4" title="外交承认">外交承认</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="外交关系">外交关系</a>参见括号内条目链接</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83%E5%93%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="聯合國會員國列表">联合国会员国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="未被所有聯合國會員國承认" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">未被所有聯合國會員國承认</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="亞美尼亞">亚美尼亚共和国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="亚美尼亚外交">外交</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="中华人民共和国外交">外交</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="賽普勒斯">塞浦路斯共和国</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="塞浦路斯外交" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Foreign relations of Cyprus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="塞浦路斯外交(页面不存在)">外交</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Cyprus" class="extiw" title="en:Foreign relations of Cyprus"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Foreign relations of Cyprus</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%89%BF%E8%AA%8D" title="以色列的國際承認">承认</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="以色列外交">外交</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国">朝鲜民主主义人民共和国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="朝鮮民主主義人民共和國外交">外交</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">大韩民国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="韩国外交">外交</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83%E8%A7%80%E5%AF%9F%E5%93%A1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="聯合國大會觀察員列表">联合国观察员国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="未被所有聯合國會員國承认" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">未被所有聯合國會員國承认</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%9C%8B" title="巴勒斯坦國">巴勒斯坦國</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%89%BF%E8%AE%A4" title="巴勒斯坦国的国际承认">承认</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴勒斯坦国外交" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Foreign relations of the State of Palestine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="巴勒斯坦国外交(页面不存在)">外交</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_State_of_Palestine" class="extiw" title="en:Foreign relations of the State of Palestine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Foreign relations of the State of Palestine</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">非联合国会员及观察员国</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">至少一个联合国会员国承认</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E8%8C%B2" title="阿布哈茲">阿布哈茲共和國</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿布哈兹和南奥塞梯的国际承认" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E5%85%B9%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%97%E5%A5%A5%E5%A1%9E%E6%A2%AF%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%89%BF%E8%AE%A4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="阿布哈兹和南奥塞梯的国际承认(页面不存在)">承认</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_Abkhazia_and_South_Ossetia" class="extiw" title="en:International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E8%8C%B2%E5%BB%BA%E4%BA%A4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="阿布哈茲建交列表">外交</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E9%82%A6%E4%BA%A4%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中華民國邦交國列表">承認</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="中華民國外交">外交</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E8%B3%BD%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="北賽普勒斯">北賽普勒斯土耳其共和國</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="北塞浦路斯外交" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="北塞浦路斯外交(页面不存在)">外交</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="extiw" title="en:Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%B4%A2%E6%B2%83" title="科索沃">科索沃共和國</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%B4%A2%E6%B2%83%E5%BB%BA%E4%BA%A4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="科索沃建交列表">承认</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%B4%A2%E6%B2%83%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="科索沃外交">外交</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E6%8B%89%E5%A8%81%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="撒拉威阿拉伯民主共和國">撒拉威阿拉伯民主共和國</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E6%92%92%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%BB%BA%E4%BA%A4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="阿拉伯撒哈拉民主共和国建交列表">承认</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E6%92%92%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="阿拉伯撒哈拉民主共和国外交">外交</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%A5%A5%E5%A1%9E%E6%A2%AF" title="南奥塞梯">南奧塞提亞共和國</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿布哈兹和南奥塞梯的国际承认" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E5%85%B9%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%97%E5%A5%A5%E5%A1%9E%E6%A2%AF%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%89%BF%E8%AE%A4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="阿布哈兹和南奥塞梯的国际承认(页面不存在)">承认</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_Abkhazia_and_South_Ossetia" class="extiw" title="en:International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%A5%A5%E5%A1%9E%E6%A2%AF%E5%BB%BA%E4%BA%A4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="南奥塞梯建交列表">外交</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">仅被非联合国会员国承认</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%B6%85%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%BF%E5%B2%B8" title="德涅斯特河沿岸">德涅斯特河沿岸摩尔达维亚共和国</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="德涅斯特河沿岸的国际承认" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International recognition of Transnistria"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E6%B6%85%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%BF%E5%B2%B8%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%89%BF%E8%AE%A4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="德涅斯特河沿岸的国际承认(页面不存在)">承认</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_recognition_of_Transnistria" class="extiw" title="en:International recognition of Transnistria"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International recognition of Transnistria</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="德涅斯特河沿岸外交" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Foreign relations of Transnistria"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E6%B6%85%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%BF%E5%B2%B8%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="德涅斯特河沿岸外交(页面不存在)">外交</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">(</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Transnistria" class="extiw" title="en:Foreign relations of Transnistria"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Foreign relations of Transnistria</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0" title="索马里兰">索马里兰共和国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E8%98%AD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="索馬里蘭外交">外交</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1206791/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000123088103">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Korea (South)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/132441370">VIAF</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39QbtfRg3kwbTgW8wMXD4yWrY">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/98011059">挪威</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX451274">西班牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11863345f">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11863345f">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058511961306706">加泰罗尼亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4078029-6">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007554791505171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79126802">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/gdsvv1n0540tps9">瑞典</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00573706">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Korejská republika"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=ge128495&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36102391">澳大利亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record218285">希腊</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KSH2000010145">韩国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&amp;doc_number=000443042&amp;local_base=nsk10">克罗地亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/383085">葡萄牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Corea del Sud"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&amp;url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&amp;id=494/814">梵蒂冈</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">地理</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/b9f7d640-46e8-313e-b158-ded6d18593b3">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">学术</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA03928583?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">艺术家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/3410ac78-7959-43b1-8978-c9103f903ea2">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/VrumNN0f">英国议会</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=3587">现代乌克兰百科全书</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044504">NARA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026373548">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/kore-cumhuriyeti">伊斯兰百科全书</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82757201"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&amp;pagename=%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD&amp;params=36_N_128_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">36°N</span> <span class="longitude">128°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">36°N 128°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">36; 128</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐b766959bd‐7jhvm Cached time: 20250217095443 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 3.671 seconds Real time usage: 4.334 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 46401/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1258483/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 231914/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 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