Dutch Reformed Church - Freethought Trail

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A <a href="/historical-events/event:liberty-party-convention-at-canastota/">regional convention</a> of the the <a href="/causes/cause:abolition/">abolitionist</a> Liberty Party was held early in September, 1852. The nation's first significant <a href="/causes/cause:dress-reform/">dress reform</a> <a href="/historical-events/event:national-dress-reform-association-convention-at-canastota/">convention</a> was held there on January 7–8, 1857.</p> <p><strong>Liberty Party Convention. </strong>The <a href="/historical-events/event:liberty-party-convention-at-canastota/">1852 Liberty Party convention</a> attracted delegates from several states. <a href="/profiles/profile:smith-gerrit/">Gerrit Smith</a> of nearby <a href="/regions/region:peterboro/">Peterboro</a> attended. Syracuse abolitionist <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jermain_Wesley_Loguen">Jermain Loguen</a> was among the vice presidents of the event. Convention business consisted largely of hearing reports of delegates from other states about the climate toward abolition in their areas. Later there was discussion whether the Party should nominate its own candidates for president and vice-president of the United States or support the nominees of “the Free Democracy,” apparently a now-obscure third party that still recognized the legality of slavery. Though Gerrit Smith recommended this step, a majority supported a resolution for the Party not to cooperate with Free Democracy but to nominate its own candidates. A newspaper account of the time suggests that the convention's business was conducted entirely on September 1; other sources maintain that the convention occurred on September 2–3. The reasons for this disagreement are unclear.</p> <p><strong>Dress Reform Convention. </strong>The <a href="/historical-events/event:national-dress-reform-association-convention-at-canastota/">1857 convention of the National Dress Reform Association</a> (NDRA) was chaired by its founder, <a href="/profiles/profile:james-caleb-jackson/">James Caleb Jackson</a>. Speakers included Gerrit Smith and <a href="/profiles/profile:walker-mary-edwards/">Dr. Mary Edwards Walker</a> of <a href="/regions/region:oswego/">Oswego</a>. A supportive letter from <a href="/profiles/profile:stanton-elizabeth-cady/">Elizabeth Cady Stanton</a> was read to the convention.</p> <p>By the time of this convention, most <a href="/causes/cause:womans-rights-suffrage/">woman's suffrage</a> advocates, including Stanton, had long abandoned reform dress, specifically the Bloomer costume. (Nineteenth-century practice was to use the singular, <em>woman's</em>, when referring to women as a class; later practice was to use the plural, <em>women's</em>.) Suffrage leaders, including Stanton, had concluded that it distracted from their mission to win women the vote. (Stanton’s letter may have been written in response to an appeal from her cousin, Gerrit Smith, one of very few activists who had advocated dress reform as an adjunct to suffrage work but continued supporting the cause after suffragists stepped away.) In any case, even when they embraced it, suffragists had never been inclined to support the dress reform cause by holding a convention dedicated to the topic. It was water-cure quacks such as Jackson, who succeeded the suffragists as dress-reform champions, who felt the need to promote the cause by means of conventions. A thumbnail history of dress reform is available <a href="/causes/cause:dress-reform/">here</a>.</p> <p><strong>Building(s) and Sites(s). </strong>The 1833 church site was abandoned in 1878 due to increasing noise from the New York Central Railroad. The church moved two blocks north to a church building at 116 Center Street. That building had previously housed the Free Church, an non-denominational abolitionist congregation.</p> <p>The historical record is unclear on the relationship between the Free Church and the former Dutch Reformed Church—the latter may have succeeded the former, or they may have used the structure cooperatively. It is known that the Dutch Reformed Church reorganized in 1886 and became the Presbyterian Church Society. In some way, the congregation (or congregations) active at 116 Center Street spun off the present Methodist United Church of Canastota a few doors south. That structure, erected circa 1903 at 144 Center Street, still houses an active congregation.</p> <p>The church at 116 Center Street faced a harsher fate. By the time the Methodist church was built, it may have housed no congregation. Or perhaps, its sole remaining congregation was the one that built and occupied the Methodist church. The empty old church was repurposed by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Grange_of_the_Order_of_Patrons_of_Husbandry">Grange</a>, a fraternal organization devoted to agriculture. The Grange abandoned the structure in the 1960s; after decades of housing various restaurants, it was shuttered and acquired by the Village of Canastota. At some point it was sold to a private party who had hopes of restoring the building in some manner. In the mid-2000s it operated for a time as an art gallery. In the intervening years, none of several proposals to rehabilitate the structure has yet borne fruit.</p> <p>Liberty Party convention clipping courtesy of Sarah Kozma.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="app-white-bg app-box-shadow"> <div class="container"> <div class="row py-5"> <div class="col-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 mb-5"> <a href="/cache/images/6abe702f05937f5e29e0f688ba26e7b8.jpg" class="app-gallery" title="Location of Dutch Reformed Church"> <img class="d-block img-fluid" src="/cache/images/8d7cb3fdc71493670669196568715987.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/8d7cb3fdc71493670669196568715987.jpg 1x, /cache/images/5f1c0a39177c57d05ae008bd7a7dc1e0.jpg 2x" alt="Location of Dutch Reformed Church"> <div class="app-white-text"> <div class="p-3"> <h3><i class="far fa-fw fa-search-plus mr-2" aria-hidden="true"></i> Location of Dutch Reformed Church</h3> </div> </div> </a> <div class="mt-3 app-caption"><p>This 1857 map of Canastota, New York, shows the location of the Dutch Reformed Church (red arrow). The site is now a small municipal park. Image courtesy Joe DiGiorgio.</p></div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 mb-5"> <a href="/cache/images/3e8bc581560890cd99552e6f595659bc.jpg" class="app-gallery" title="1885 view of Canastota"> <img class="d-block img-fluid" src="/cache/images/213f3d99105b324652eb0343a11ac0b0.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/213f3d99105b324652eb0343a11ac0b0.jpg 1x, /cache/images/6fb92acbea74e0ff437f517a69170442.jpg 2x" alt="1885 view of Canastota"> <div class="app-white-text"> <div class="p-3"> <h3><i class="far fa-fw fa-search-plus mr-2" aria-hidden="true"></i> 1885 view of Canastota</h3> </div> </div> </a> <div class="mt-3 app-caption"><p>This 1885 view of Canastota shows the site of the Dutch Reformed Church, abandoned seven years earlier (#1); the railroad depot (#2); and the Presbyterian Church Society (#3). The Dutch Reformed Church abandoned its original church in 1878 and moved to a new location farther from the noisy railroad tracks; in 1886, it reorganized as Presbyterian. Image courtesy Joe DiGiorgio.</p></div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 mb-5"> <a href="/cache/images/6566bc9ec3a188d4ab7f92104e789735.jpg" class="app-gallery" title="Sibyl Story"> <img class="d-block img-fluid" src="/cache/images/2d8355957e64a76f9fe3df38f1b02dd5.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/2d8355957e64a76f9fe3df38f1b02dd5.jpg 1x, /cache/images/d3dfe49374aff9a4fd5f9506f7a57fa3.jpg 2x" alt="Sibyl Story"> <div class="app-white-text"> <div class="p-3"> <h3><i class="far fa-fw fa-search-plus mr-2" aria-hidden="true"></i> Sibyl Story</h3> </div> </div> </a> <div class="mt-3 app-caption"><p>The Canastota Convention was covered in the dress reform newspaper <em>The Sibyl</em>. Research assistance by Jim Barri.</p></div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 mb-5"> <a href="/cache/images/cc8f6ebe56ae2d851c4a709331baff7c.jpg" class="app-gallery" title="Free Church"> <img class="d-block img-fluid" src="/cache/images/3cb52d79f83149b444d206c2be9b36c5.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/3cb52d79f83149b444d206c2be9b36c5.jpg 1x, /cache/images/ab1dcfd55dc4d5ab9091dc0f47f30e72.jpg 2x" alt="Free Church"> <div class="app-white-text"> <div class="p-3"> <h3><i class="far fa-fw fa-search-plus mr-2" aria-hidden="true"></i> Free Church</h3> </div> </div> </a> <div class="mt-3 app-caption"><p>The Free Church at 116 Center Street became the new home of the Dutch Reformed Church. This photo shows the church's stone structure, which replaced an original wooden building that burned down in 1871. Image courtesy Joe DiGiorgio.</p></div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 mb-5"> <a href="/cache/images/8c2db3da5cf863708add345a03857e9b.jpg" class="app-gallery" title="Free Church 2005"> <img class="d-block img-fluid" src="/cache/images/203e16e5c19783c2c9307a170d23b32a.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/203e16e5c19783c2c9307a170d23b32a.jpg 1x, /cache/images/26e27ab35e48a20fd49f9ca1efaeb3b6.jpg 2x" alt="Free Church 2005"> <div class="app-white-text"> <div class="p-3"> <h3><i class="far fa-fw fa-search-plus mr-2" aria-hidden="true"></i> Free Church 2005</h3> </div> </div> </a> <div class="mt-3 app-caption"><p>The Free Church/Grange building in 2005, when it housed an art gallery. Image courtesy Joe DiGiorgio.</p></div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 mb-5"> <a href="/cache/images/b80fb8f2840709e38f55deff4fb42da9.jpg" class="app-gallery" title="United Church"> <img class="d-block img-fluid" src="/cache/images/a0046c73b2ad76075f6bab3728dfea75.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/a0046c73b2ad76075f6bab3728dfea75.jpg 1x, /cache/images/df9c5ab179d98a01670e830f0e3c328c.jpg 2x" alt="United Church"> <div class="app-white-text"> <div class="p-3"> <h3><i class="far fa-fw fa-search-plus mr-2" aria-hidden="true"></i> United Church</h3> </div> </div> </a> <div class="mt-3 app-caption"><p>This quaint red brick church at 144 Center Street appears to have succeeded the church building at 116 Center Street.</p></div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 mb-5"> <a href="/cache/images/23c4868c0c3297676276a6d6bebb7095.jpg" class="app-gallery" title="1903 Plaque"> <img class="d-block img-fluid" src="/cache/images/17d16830055e06252158eacdc28df543.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/17d16830055e06252158eacdc28df543.jpg 1x, /cache/images/f69d4562597c2c856bd12a3bdb774ccd.jpg 2x" alt="1903 Plaque"> <div class="app-white-text"> <div class="p-3"> <h3><i class="far fa-fw fa-search-plus mr-2" aria-hidden="true"></i> 1903 Plaque</h3> </div> </div> </a> <div class="mt-3 app-caption"><p>This plaque affixed to the exterior of today's United Church of Canastota (Methodist) gives its construction date as <em>circa</em> 1903. This is about the same time when the older church at 116 Center ceased to serve any congregation.</p></div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-lg-4 col-xl-3 mb-5"> <a href="/cache/images/7c0ab771a3061b9441967fa95d7746ba.jpg" class="app-gallery" title="Newspaper Report of LP Convention"> <img class="d-block img-fluid" src="/cache/images/7c02102b556a0e524c007e3288e071a2.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/7c02102b556a0e524c007e3288e071a2.jpg 1x, /cache/images/3eaca45d9202508be8cbff6d3e8b138e.jpg 2x" alt="Newspaper Report of LP Convention"> <div class="app-white-text"> <div class="p-3"> <h3><i class="far fa-fw fa-search-plus mr-2" aria-hidden="true"></i> Newspaper Report of LP Convention</h3> </div> </div> </a> <div class="mt-3 app-caption"><p>This newspaper article reports on the September 2–3 Liberty Party convention at Canastota. Image courtesy Sarah Kozma.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="app-tan-bg"> <div class="container"> <div class="row py-5"> <div class="col-12"> <h4>Associated Causes</h4> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-6 col-md-4 col-lg-3 mb-5"> <a href="/causes/cause:abolition/" class="app-item"> <img class="d-block img-fluid w-100 " src="/cache/images/f98ccfea5d840e13ff03389bd9b9d249.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/f98ccfea5d840e13ff03389bd9b9d249.jpg 1x, /cache/images/c8c2aefd52bf890c2ffb1ca694f1f61d.jpg 2x" alt="Abolition"> <div class="app-dark-gray-bg-b-gradient"> <div class="p-3"> <h4 class="app-white-text">Abolition</h4> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-6 col-md-4 col-lg-3 mb-5"> <a href="/causes/cause:dress-reform/" class="app-item"> <img class="d-block img-fluid w-100 " src="/cache/images/629585f4b92af29a39c8534bbb0ceed1.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/629585f4b92af29a39c8534bbb0ceed1.jpg 1x, /cache/images/fbdda80189afebb7c50de11fe681ad6e.jpg 2x" alt="Dress Reform"> <div class="app-dark-gray-bg-b-gradient"> <div class="p-3"> <h4 class="app-white-text">Dress Reform</h4> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="app-tan-bg"> <div class="container"> <div class="row py-5"> <div class="col-12"> <h4>Those Involved</h4> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-6 col-md-4 col-lg-3 mb-5"> <a href="/profiles/profile:james-caleb-jackson/" class="app-item"> <img class="d-block img-fluid w-100 " src="/cache/images/bab9fdf79254c8ea8198971ee50af819.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/bab9fdf79254c8ea8198971ee50af819.jpg 1x, /cache/images/86fd90a3978f0a29ef6d2625ae1e61f0.jpg 2x" alt="Jackson, James Caleb "> <div class="app-dark-gray-bg-b-gradient"> <div class="p-3"> <h4 class="app-white-text">Jackson, James Caleb </h4> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-6 col-md-4 col-lg-3 mb-5"> <a href="/profiles/profile:smith-gerrit/" class="app-item"> <img class="d-block img-fluid w-100 " src="/cache/images/42b049c2f96c43010c3dafbea0f5cbe3.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/42b049c2f96c43010c3dafbea0f5cbe3.jpg 1x, /cache/images/1bf9a37320f3b07b7629809cc9d5459f.jpg 2x" alt="Smith, Gerrit"> <div class="app-dark-gray-bg-b-gradient"> <div class="p-3"> <h4 class="app-white-text">Smith, Gerrit</h4> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-6 col-md-4 col-lg-3 mb-5"> <a href="/profiles/profile:stanton-elizabeth-cady/" class="app-item"> <img class="d-block img-fluid w-100 " src="/cache/images/b59670bea061af2f6eff4c208ce5f8a9.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/b59670bea061af2f6eff4c208ce5f8a9.jpg 1x, /cache/images/326d532fd484bb88b6fb36d5d6b41f9f.jpg 2x" alt="Stanton, Elizabeth Cady"> <div class="app-dark-gray-bg-b-gradient"> <div class="p-3"> <h4 class="app-white-text">Stanton, Elizabeth Cady</h4> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-6 col-md-4 col-lg-3 mb-5"> <a href="/profiles/profile:walker-mary-edwards/" class="app-item"> <img class="d-block img-fluid w-100 " src="/cache/images/c49673cc5a44c39423de0a43f38b8761.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/c49673cc5a44c39423de0a43f38b8761.jpg 1x, /cache/images/0e88b53924464688f142a1a50605cd9b.jpg 2x" alt="Walker, Mary Edwards"> <div class="app-dark-gray-bg-b-gradient"> <div class="p-3"> <h4 class="app-white-text">Walker, Mary Edwards</h4> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-6 col-md-4 col-lg-3 mb-5"> <a href="/profiles/profile:national-dress-reform-association/" class="app-item"> <img class="d-block img-fluid w-100 " src="/cache/images/13ea344f8ee23d754c9e7e83f6933742.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/13ea344f8ee23d754c9e7e83f6933742.jpg 1x, /cache/images/00bdc94ff899eab1407102f3ce517706.jpg 2x" alt="National Dress Reform Association"> <div class="app-dark-gray-bg-b-gradient"> <div class="p-3"> <h4 class="app-white-text">National Dress Reform Association</h4> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="app-tan-bg-gradient"> <div class="container py-5"> <div class="row row-eq-height mb-3"> <div class="col-12"> <h4>Associated Historical Events</h4> </div> </div> <div class="row row-eq-height mb-3"> <div class="d-none d-md-flex col-md-5 col-lg-4 col-xl-3"> <a href="/historical-events/event:liberty-party-convention-at-canastota/"> <img class="d-block img-fluid w-100 " src="/cache/images/1c90446b38a85173367e140a76a1c372.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/1c90446b38a85173367e140a76a1c372.jpg 1x, /cache/images/6db33d7ac433f990b7c1d5fa3c7f1177.jpg 2x" alt="Liberty Party Convention at Canastota"> </a> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-7 col-lg-8 col-xl-9"> <h3><a href="/historical-events/event:liberty-party-convention-at-canastota/" class="app-red-text">Liberty Party Convention at Canastota</a></h3> <p>September 1852</p> </div> </div> <div class="row row-eq-height mb-3"> <div class="d-none d-md-flex col-md-5 col-lg-4 col-xl-3"> <a href="/historical-events/event:national-dress-reform-association-convention-at-canastota/"> <img class="d-block img-fluid w-100 " src="/cache/images/646536ecdd6c5616d16dfbafca376988.jpg" srcset="/cache/images/646536ecdd6c5616d16dfbafca376988.jpg 1x, /cache/images/974e0dc2c286da1bb2a1ed12faf5f066.jpg 2x" alt="First National Dress Reform Association Convention"> </a> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-7 col-lg-8 col-xl-9"> <h3><a href="/historical-events/event:national-dress-reform-association-convention-at-canastota/" class="app-red-text">First National Dress Reform Association Convention</a></h3> <p>January 7–8, 1857</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="app-red-bg app-white-text"> <div class="container"> <div class="row py-5"> <div class="col-12 col-md-8"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 mb-3"> <h3>Browse Historical Sites</h3> </div> </div> <div class="row text-uppercase"> <div class="col-12 col-sm-6"> <h4><a href="/causes/" class="d-block py-3 app-white-text app-border-bottom app-border-top">By Cause <i class="far fa-long-arrow-alt-right float-right"></i></a></h4> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-6"> <h4><a href="/profiles/" class="d-block py-3 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