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mw-first-heading">Japanese destroyer <i>Kawakaze</i> (1936)</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapal_parakai_Japang_Kawakaze_(1936)" title="Kapal parakai Japang Kawakaze (1936) – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kapal parakai Japang Kawakaze (1936)" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawakaze_(1937)" title="Kawakaze (1937) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kawakaze (1937)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawakaze_(1936)" title="Kawakaze (1936) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kawakaze (1936)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapal_perusak_Jepang_Kawakaze_(1936)" title="Kapal perusak Jepang Kawakaze (1936) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kapal perusak Jepang Kawakaze (1936)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawakaze" title="Kawakaze – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kawakaze" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prau_panumpes_Jepang_Kawakaze_(1936)" title="Prau panumpes Jepang Kawakaze (1936) – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Prau panumpes Jepang Kawakaze (1936)" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawakaze_(schip,_1936)" title="Kawakaze (schip, 1936) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kawakaze (schip, 1936)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E9%A2%A8_(%E7%99%BD%E9%9C%B2%E5%9E%8B%E9%A7%86%E9%80%90%E8%89%A6)" title="江風 (白露型駆逐艦) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="江風 (白露型駆逐艦)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8D_(%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86,_1937)" title="Кавакадзэ (эсминец, 1937) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кавакадзэ (эсминец, 1937)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawakaze_(1936)" title="Kawakaze (1936) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kawakaze (1936)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5_(1937)" title="Кавакадзе (1937) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кавакадзе (1937)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawakaze_(t%C3%A0u_khu_tr%E1%BB%A5c_Nh%E1%BA%ADt)" title="Kawakaze (tàu khu trục Nhật) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kawakaze (tàu khu trục Nhật)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" 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.geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Japanese_destroyer_Kawakaze_(1936)&params=07_50_S_156_54_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">07°50′S</span> <span class="longitude">156°54′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">7.833°S 156.900°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-7.833; 156.900</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" 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Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.</div></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other ships with the same name, see <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Kawakaze" title="Japanese destroyer Kawakaze">Japanese destroyer Kawakaze</a>.</div> <table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kawakaze_JPG.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kawakaze_JPG.jpg/300px-Kawakaze_JPG.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kawakaze_JPG.jpg/450px-Kawakaze_JPG.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kawakaze_JPG.jpg/600px-Kawakaze_JPG.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3009" data-file-height="1547" /></a></span><div><i>Kawakaze</i> upon commissioning, April 30 1937</div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">History</th></tr> <tr><th height="30" colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:left;padding-left:2px;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Naval_ensign_of_the_Empire_of_Japan.svg/42px-Naval_ensign_of_the_Empire_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Naval_ensign_of_the_Empire_of_Japan.svg/63px-Naval_ensign_of_the_Empire_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Naval_ensign_of_the_Empire_of_Japan.svg/84px-Naval_ensign_of_the_Empire_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span style="padding-left:1em"><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a></span></th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Name</td><td><i>Kawakaze</i></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Namesake</td><td>River Wind</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Ordered</td><td>1933 FY</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Builder</td><td><a href="/wiki/Fujinagata_Shipyards" title="Fujinagata Shipyards">Fujinagata Shipyards</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Laid down</td><td>25 April 1935</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Launched</td><td>1 November 1936</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Commissioned</td><td>30 April 1937</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Stricken</td><td>15 October 1943</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Fate</td><td>Sunk 7 August 1943</td></tr> <tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">General characteristics</th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Class and type</td><td><a href="/wiki/Shiratsuyu-class_destroyer" title="Shiratsuyu-class destroyer"><i>Shiratsuyu</i>-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">destroyer</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Displacement</td><td>1,685 <a href="/wiki/Long_ton" title="Long ton">long tons</a> (1,712 t)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Length</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">103.5 m (340 ft) <a href="/wiki/Length_between_perpendiculars" title="Length between perpendiculars">pp</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">107.5 m (352 ft 8 in) waterline</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Beam</td><td>9.9 m (32 ft 6 in)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Draft</td><td>3.5 m (11 ft 6 in)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Propulsion</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 shaft <a href="/wiki/Kampon" class="mw-redirect" title="Kampon">Kampon</a> geared <a href="/wiki/Turbine" title="Turbine">turbines</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">3 boilers, 42,000 hp (31,000 kW)</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Speed</td><td>34 <a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">knots</a> (39 mph; 63 km/h)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Range</td><td>4,000 nmi (7,400 km) at 18 kn (33 km/h)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Complement</td><td>226</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Armament</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">5 × <a href="/wiki/12.7_cm/50_Type_3_naval_gun" title="12.7 cm/50 Type 3 naval gun">12.7 cm/50 Type 3 naval guns</a> (2×2, 1×1)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × <a href="/wiki/13.2_mm_Hotchkiss_machine_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="13.2 mm Hotchkiss machine gun">Type 93 13 mm AA guns</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">8 × 24 in (610 mm) <a href="/wiki/Torpedo_tube" title="Torpedo tube">torpedo tubes</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">16 × <a href="/wiki/Depth_charge" title="Depth charge">Depth charges</a></li> </ul></td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Service record</th> </tr> <tr><td>Operations:</td><td> <ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tarakan_(1942)" title="Battle of Tarakan (1942)">Battle of Tarakan (1942)</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Java_Sea" title="Battle of the Java Sea">Battle of the Java Sea</a> (1942)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Midway" title="Battle of Midway">Battle of Midway</a> (1942)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Eastern_Solomons" title="Battle of the Eastern Solomons">Battle of the Eastern Solomons</a> (1942)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Santa_Cruz_Islands" title="Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands">Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands</a> (1942)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/First_Naval_Battle_of_Guadalcanal" class="mw-redirect" title="First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal">First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal</a> (1942)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tassafaronga" title="Battle of Tassafaronga">Battle of Tassafaronga</a> (1942)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vella_Gulf" title="Battle of Vella Gulf">Battle of Vella Gulf</a> (1943)</li> </ul></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><i><b>Kawakaze</b></i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">江風</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">”River Wind”</i></span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the ninth of ten <a href="/wiki/Shiratsuyu-class_destroyer" title="Shiratsuyu-class destroyer"><i>Shiratsuyu</i>-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">destroyers</a>, and the third to be built for the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy" title="Imperial Japanese Navy">Imperial Japanese Navy</a> under the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Naval_Armaments_Supplement_Programme_(Japan,_1934)" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1934)">Circle Two Program</a> (<i>Maru Ni Keikaku</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Completed in April of 1937, <i>Kawakaze</i> took part in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Java_Sea" title="Battle of the Java Sea">battle of the Java Sea</a>, where she assisted in sinking the destroyer <a href="/wiki/HMS_Encounter_(H10)" title="HMS Encounter (H10)">HMS <i>Encounter</i></a> and escorted carriers at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Eastern_Solomons" title="Battle of the Eastern Solomons">battles of the Eastern Solomons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Santa_Cruz_Islands" title="Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands">Santa Cruz</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal_campaign" title="Guadalcanal campaign">Guadalcanal campaign</a>, <i>Kawakaze</i> torpedoed and sank the destroyer <a href="/wiki/USS_Blue_(DD-387)" title="USS Blue (DD-387)">USS <i>Blue</i></a> and after bombarding <a href="/wiki/Henderson_Field_(Guadalcanal)" title="Henderson Field (Guadalcanal)">Henderson Field</a> she took part in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tassafaronga" title="Battle of Tassafaronga">battle of Tassafaronga</a>, where she probably torpedoed and sank the heavy cruiser <a href="/wiki/USS_Northampton_(CA-26)" title="USS Northampton (CA-26)">USS <i>Northampton</i></a>. </p><p>On Patrol duty off <a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal" title="Guadalcanal">Guadalcanal</a>, <i>Kawakaze</i> helped to sink the torpedo boat <i>PT-44</i>, then took part in the evacuation of Guadalcanal, during which she sank the torpedo boats <a href="/wiki/Patrol_torpedo_boat_PT-37" title="Patrol torpedo boat PT-37"><i>PT-37</i></a> and <i>PT-111</i>. After a large variety of escorting and transport missions, <i>Kawakaze</i> was sunk by a torpedo attack from US destroyers at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vella_Gulf" title="Battle of Vella Gulf">battle of Vella Gulf</a>, August 7 1943. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <p>The <i>Shiratsuyu</i>-class destroyers were modified versions of the <a href="/wiki/Hatsuharu-class_destroyer" title="Hatsuharu-class destroyer"><i>Hatsuharu</i> class</a>, and were designed to accompany the Japanese main striking force and to conduct both day and night <a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">torpedo</a> attacks against the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> as it advanced across the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>, according to Japanese naval strategic projections.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Shiratsuyu class had the same originally planned main armament of the Hatsuharu class destroyers, five <a href="/wiki/12.7_cm/50_Type_3_naval_gun" title="12.7 cm/50 Type 3 naval gun">12.7 cm (5 in)/50 guns</a> in two twin turrets, one forward and one aft, and one aft single turret. Alongside this, their torpedo battery was improved to eight 61 cm (24 in) torpedo tubes in two quadrupole mounts, each equipped with a reload and firing <a href="/wiki/Type_93_torpedo" title="Type 93 torpedo">type 93 torpedoes</a>.They also had an improved speed of 34 knots.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IMG_Kawakaze.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/IMG_Kawakaze.jpg/220px-IMG_Kawakaze.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/IMG_Kawakaze.jpg/330px-IMG_Kawakaze.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/IMG_Kawakaze.jpg/440px-IMG_Kawakaze.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2850" data-file-height="1537" /></a><figcaption>Another angle of <i>Kawakaze</i> upon commissioning</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Kawakaze</i>, built at the <a href="/wiki/Fujinagata_Shipyards" title="Fujinagata Shipyards">Fujinagata Shipyards</a> was <a href="/wiki/Keel_laying" title="Keel laying">laid down</a> on 25 April 1935, <a href="/wiki/Ship_launching" class="mw-redirect" title="Ship launching">launched</a> on 1 November 1936 and <a href="/wiki/Ship_commissioning" title="Ship commissioning">commissioned</a> on 30 April 1937.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As with the last 4 Shiratsuyu class destroyers, she was slightly different from the first 6 built, with a more rounded and smooth bridge which was used as a prototype for the succeeding <a href="/wiki/Asashio-class_destroyer" title="Asashio-class destroyer">Asashio class destroyers</a>, as opposed to the previous blocky and angular bridge. Upon commissioning, Lieutenant Commander Wakabayashi Kazuo was appointed command of <i>Kawakaze</i>, and she was assigned to destroyer division 24 alongside her sisterships <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Umikaze_(1936)" title="Japanese destroyer Umikaze (1936)"><i>Umikaze</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Yamakaze_(1936)" title="Japanese destroyer Yamakaze (1936)"><i>Yamakaze</i></a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Suzukaze" title="Japanese destroyer Suzukaze">Suzukaze</a></i>. In August of 1937 to December, <i>Kawakaze</i> joined destroyer division 24 in taking part in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Cino Japanese War</a> (specifically the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shanghai" title="Battle of Shanghai">Battle of Shanghai</a>) taking part in a variety of convoy escorting and patrol duties, with the occasional shore bombardment mission. On October 11 1941, <i>Kawakaze</i> was one of 98 Japanese warships anchored in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Bay" title="Tokyo Bay">Tokyo Bay</a> for a massive fleet inspection in preparation for Japan's entry into <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">WW2</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Emperor Hirohito</a> inspected the fleet personally aboard the battleship <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_battleship_Hiei" title="Japanese battleship Hiei">Hiei</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2></div> <p>From November 26 to December 1, <i>Kawakaze</i> steamed with destroyer division 24 to <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a>, and on December 6 she departed to escort the Legaspi invasion convoy. The next day, the Japanese aircraft carriers of the <a href="/wiki/1st_Air_Fleet" title="1st Air Fleet">Kido Butai</a> <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attacked Pearl Harbor</a> and brought the Japanese into WW2, with <i>Kawakaze</i> completing her mission on the 12th. From the rest of December and into January and February of 1942, <i>Kawakaze</i> undertook escorting missions for the <a href="/wiki/Lamon_Bay" title="Lamon Bay">Lamon Bay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarakan" title="Tarakan">Tarakan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balikpapan" title="Balikpapan">Balikpapan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a> invasion forces. During her escorting of the Balikpapan invasion force, <i>Kawakaze</i> was attacked by Dutch aircraft, which almost hit her, but through excellent maneuverability she managed to escape damage, though the Dutch planes did sink the troop ship <a href="/wiki/MS_Nana_Maru" title="MS Nana Maru"><i>Nana Maru</i></a>. The skirmish became part of the overall <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Balikpapan_(1942)" title="Battle of Balikpapan (1942)">battle of Balikpapan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 27, <i>Kawakaze</i> was escorting the invasion convoy destined to Java when the force was ordered to intercept an allied cruiser group in what became <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Java_Sea" title="Battle of the Java Sea">battle of the Java Sea</a>. However, <i>Kawakaze</i> only took part in a mass torpedo attack that failed to score any hits, with the heavy cruisers <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cruiser_Haguro" title="Japanese cruiser Haguro">Haguro</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cruiser_Nachi" title="Japanese cruiser Nachi">Nachi</a></i> primarily carrying the battle into a devastating Japanese victory.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 1 <i>Kawakaze</i> joined other destroyers and the heavy cruisers <i>Haguro</i>, <i>Nachi</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cruiser_My%C5%8Dk%C5%8D" title="Japanese cruiser Myōkō">Myōkō</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Japanese_cruiser_Ashigara" title="Japanese cruiser Ashigara"><i>Ashigara</i></a>, and in the late night engaged a trio of allied ships attempting to escape the Java Sea. The heavy cruiser <a href="/wiki/HMS_Exeter_(68)" title="HMS Exeter (68)">HMS <i>Exeter</i></a> was crippled by a 203 mm (8 in) shell from <i>Haguro</i> which cut her speed to 5 knots, and was escorted by the destroyers <a href="/wiki/HMS_Encounter_(H10)" title="HMS Encounter (H10)">HMS <i>Encounter</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Pope_(DD-225)" title="USS Pope (DD-225)">USS <i>Pope</i></a>. After gunfire from the cruisers disabled <i>Exeter's</i> remaining boilers, electrical power, and guns and lit her aflame, leading to being scuttled, <i>Kawakaze</i> and her sistership <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Yamakaze_(1936)" title="Japanese destroyer Yamakaze (1936)"><i>Yamakaze</i></a> together engaged <i>Encounter</i>, hitting her with shells that disabled her steering and rudder. <i>Myōkō</i> and <i>Ashigara</i> joined into the beating, and together the four ships sank <i>Encounter.</i> <i>Myōkō</i> and <i>Ashigara</i> later caught <i>Pope</i>, crippled by bombs from the light carrier <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Ry%C5%ABj%C5%8D" title="Japanese aircraft carrier Ryūjō">Ryūjō</a></i>, and finished her off with gunfire. <i>Kawakaze</i> after the battle rescued 35 survivors from <i>Exeter</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April, <i>Kawakaze</i> assisted in the invasion of <a href="/wiki/Panay" title="Panay">Panay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Negros_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Negros (island)">Negros</a> in the Philippines. On the 15th, Lieutenant Commander Kazuo was promoted to a commander, and from April 28 to May 1, Kawakaze steamed to Sasebo, where she was drydocked for maintenance. From 10 May, <i>Kawakaze</i> was reassigned to the <a href="/wiki/IJN_1st_Fleet" class="mw-redirect" title="IJN 1st Fleet">IJN 1st Fleet</a> and returned to <a href="/wiki/Sasebo_Naval_Arsenal" title="Sasebo Naval Arsenal">Sasebo Naval Arsenal</a> for repairs at the end of the month. During the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Midway" title="Battle of Midway">Battle of Midway</a> on 4–6 June, <i>Kawakaze</i> was part of the Aleutians Guard Force. On 14 July she was assigned back to the IJN 2nd Fleet and returned to <a href="/wiki/Chuuk_Lagoon" title="Chuuk Lagoon">Truk</a> in mid-August together with the <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">aircraft carrier</a> <a href="/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Chitose" title="Japanese aircraft carrier Chitose"><i>Chitose</i></a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sinking_of_USS_Blue">Sinking of USS <i>Blue</i></h3></div> <p>From August 21-23, <i>Kawakaze</i> engaged in patrol duties off <a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal" title="Guadalcanal">Guadalcanal</a>, alternating with the destroyer <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Kager%C5%8D_(1938)" title="Japanese destroyer Kagerō (1938)">Kagerō</a></i>. However, it was in the darkness of the early morning of the 22nd that <i>Kawakaze</i> was fulfilling such duties, when she happened to stumble into firing range of a trio of American destroyers, <a href="/wiki/USS_Henley_(DD-391)" title="USS Henley (DD-391)">USS <i>Henley</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Helm" title="USS Helm">USS <i>Helm</i></a>. and most crucially <a href="/wiki/USS_Blue_(DD-387)" title="USS Blue (DD-387)">USS <i>Blue</i></a> which were also on patrol duty. <i>Blue</i> detected <i>Kawakaze</i> on her radar but was unable to identify her as an enemy ship. This blunder allowed <i>Kawakaze</i> to close to 2,925 meters (3,200 yards) away from the enemy ships and fire a full spread of eight torpedoes. On of these torpedoes smashed into <i>Blue's</i> stern, destroying her engine and steering, killing 9 men, and injuring 21 others. <i>Kawakaze</i> withdrew from the area and evaded damage, while <i>Henley</i> attempted to tow <i>Blue</i>, but two days later it became clear <i>Kawakaze's</i> torpedo had fatally damaged her, resulting in <i>Blue's</i> scuttling.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> After sinking <i>Blue</i> and finishing up patrol duties, <i>Kawakaze</i> joined the destroyers <i>Kagerō,</i> <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Isokaze_(1939)" title="Japanese destroyer Isokaze (1939)">Isokaze</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Mutsuki" title="Japanese destroyer Mutsuki">Mutsuki</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Yayoi_(1925)" title="Japanese destroyer Yayoi (1925)"><i>Yayoi</i></a> with the purposes of bombarding <a href="/wiki/Henderson_Field_(Guadalcanal)" title="Henderson Field (Guadalcanal)">Henderson Field</a>, a former Japanese airbase which was captured by US forces. On the 24th, they successfully completed their mission and shelled the airfield, allowed for a number of Japanese troops to land on Guadalcanal.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kawakaze-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Kawakaze-1.jpg/220px-Kawakaze-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Kawakaze-1.jpg/330px-Kawakaze-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Kawakaze-1.jpg/440px-Kawakaze-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="503" data-file-height="260" /></a><figcaption><i>Kawakaze</i> at anchor</figcaption></figure> <p>On 24 August, <i>Kawakaze</i> was part of the escort for Japanese troop ships at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Eastern_Solomons" title="Battle of the Eastern Solomons">Battle of the Eastern Solomons</a>. In the remainder of August through early November, <i>Kawakaze</i> participated in ten "<a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Express" title="Tokyo Express">Tokyo Express</a>" high speed transport runs or surface attack missions to Guadalcanal, alongside serving as an aircraft carrier escort during <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Santa_Cruz_Islands" title="Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands">Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands</a> on 26 October under Admiral <a href="/wiki/Nobutake_Kond%C5%8D" title="Nobutake Kondō">Nobutake Kondō</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Battle_of_Guadalcanal#First_Naval_Battle_of_Guadalcanal,_November_13" title="Naval Battle of Guadalcanal">First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal</a> on the night of 12–13 November 1942, <i>Kawakaze</i> rescued 550 survivors from the torpedoed transport ship <i>Brisbane Maru</i>. For the rest of the month, <i>Kawakaze</i> patrolled between <a href="/wiki/Shortland_Island" title="Shortland Island">Shortland Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buna,_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Buna, Papua New Guinea">Buna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rabaul" title="Rabaul">Rabaul</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Battle_of_Tassafaronga">Battle of Tassafaronga</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tassafaronga" title="Battle of Tassafaronga">Battle of Tassafaronga</a></div> <p>On November 29th, <i>Kawakaze</i> left the shortlands as part of a six destroyer flotilla on a supply transport mission, loaded to the brim with supply drums that were to be tossed off the ship to float to Japanese soldiers near the <a href="/wiki/Lunga_Point" title="Lunga Point">Lunga point</a> off Guadalcanal, so much so that the spare torpedoes were taken off the ship to make room for supply drums, leaving <i>Kawakaze</i> with only the eight torpedoes loaded in the tubes. A protection force escorted the supply line consisting of <a href="/wiki/Raiz%C5%8D_Tanaka" title="Raizō Tanaka">Admiral Tanaka's</a> flagship, the destroyer <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Naganami" title="Japanese destroyer Naganami">Naganami</a></i>, and the destroyer <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Takanami_(1942)" title="Japanese destroyer Takanami (1942)">Takanami</a></i>. However, US codebreakers discovered their plan, and embarked a task force of four heavy cruisers, one light cruiser, and six destroyers to intercept them<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The American ships intercepted the Japanese destroyers in the night of the 30th and opened fire. <i>Kawakaze</i>, the second to last ship in the formation, watched as the heavy cruisers <a href="/wiki/USS_New_Orleans_(CA-32)" title="USS New Orleans (CA-32)">USS <i>New Orleans</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Minneapolis_(CA-36)" title="USS Minneapolis (CA-36)">USS <i>Minneapolis</i></a> and the light cruiser <a href="/wiki/USS_Honolulu_(CL-48)" title="USS Honolulu (CL-48)">USS <i>Honolulu</i></a> blasted <i>Takanami</i>, sinking her with some 50 shell hits, but not before <i>Takanami</i> fired her torpedo battery, which ended up hitting both <i>New Orleans</i> and <i>Minneapolis</i>, sheering off both ship's bows. With two of the five US cruisers out of the fight, the other destroyers swerved to engage, avoiding US destroyer torpedoes. <i>Kawakaze</i> was the third ship to fire torpedoes, coming after <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Oyashio" title="Japanese destroyer Oyashio">Oyashio</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Kuroshio" title="Japanese destroyer Kuroshio">Kuroshio</a></i> and shortly before <i>Naganami</i>, unleashing a spread of eight type 93 torpedoes at the enemy vessels. The crews of the Japanese ships cheered on as a torpedo from <i>Oyashio</i> crippled the heavy cruiser <a href="/wiki/USS_Pensacola_(CA-24)" title="USS Pensacola (CA-24)">USS <i>Pensacola</i></a>, flooding her engine room and disabling three of her four 8-inch (203 mm) gun turrets, knocking a third cruiser out of the fight, followed closely by <i>Honolulu</i> disengaging from the battle to evade torpedo spreads.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sinking_of_USS_Northampton">Sinking of USS Northampton</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wdrca26.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Wdrca26.jpg/220px-Wdrca26.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Wdrca26.jpg/330px-Wdrca26.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Wdrca26.jpg/440px-Wdrca26.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3080" /></a><figcaption>A drawing of the damage inflicted on <i><a href="/wiki/USS_Northampton_(CA-26)" title="USS Northampton (CA-26)">Northampton</a></i> by <i>Kawakaze</i></figcaption></figure> <p>However, <i>Kawakaze</i> scored the biggest success of the battle. About 10 minutes after <i>Pensacola</i> was hit, <i>Kawakaze</i> is generally credited for landing the two torpedoes that gouged the heavy cruiser <a href="/wiki/USS_Northampton_(CA-26)" title="USS Northampton (CA-26)">USS <i>Northampton</i></a>. Unlike <i>Honolulu</i>, which ended up the only US cruiser without damage, <i>Northampton</i> continued to sail in a straight line to engage the enemy, firing off several salvos without obtaining a hit until <i>Kawakaze's</i> torpedoes made their mark right next to each other on the port side on the ship's back half, one hitting and destroying engine room, and the other hitting right behind her turret 3. The damage detonated her fuel takes, flooded three of her four propellers and left the cruiser dead in the water, and started a gigantic fire inside the ship. <i>Northampton</i> immediately listed at 10 degrees, and as flooding and fires quickly overwhelmed damage control, the list increased more and more until the abandon ship order with issued. Over a period of two hours and sixteen minutes, <i>Northampton</i> sank by the stern, taking 50 men with her. <i>Kawakaze</i> was not damaged during the battle.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December and through the end of January 1943, <i>Kawakaze</i> continued in transport operations to Guadalcanal and to <a href="/wiki/Kolombangara" title="Kolombangara">Kolombangara</a>. On the 12th of December, <i>Kawakaze</i> in conjunction with gunfire her sistership <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Suzukaze" title="Japanese destroyer Suzukaze"><i>Suzukaze</i></a> sank the torpedo boat <i>PT-44</i>. <i>Kawakaze</i> then shifted to troop evacuation missions from Guadalcanal from February. On the 1st of February 1943, while patrolling off <a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal" title="Guadalcanal">Guadalcanal</a>, <i>Kawakaze</i> sank the motor torpedo boats <i><a href="/wiki/Patrol_torpedo_boat_PT-37" title="Patrol torpedo boat PT-37">PT-37</a></i> and <i>PT-111</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-NS-PT37_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NS-PT37-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IJN_DD_Kawakaze_in_1937.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/IJN_DD_Kawakaze_in_1937.jpg/220px-IJN_DD_Kawakaze_in_1937.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/IJN_DD_Kawakaze_in_1937.jpg/330px-IJN_DD_Kawakaze_in_1937.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/IJN_DD_Kawakaze_in_1937.jpg/440px-IJN_DD_Kawakaze_in_1937.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption><i>Kawakaze</i> at anchor in 1937</figcaption></figure> <p>On 9 February, she suffered significant damage in a collision with cargo ship <i>Toun Maru</i> and had to be towed by the destroyer <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Kuroshio" title="Japanese destroyer Kuroshio"><i>Kuroshio</i></a> to Rabaul for emergency repairs before returning to Sasebo by the end of March for further repairs which were completed by the end of May, <i>Kawakaze</i> returned to Truk, transported troops to <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a> in early June, and to <a href="/wiki/Kwajalein" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwajalein">Kwajalein</a> in late June and <a href="/wiki/Tuluvu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuluvu">Tuluvu</a> on 1 August. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Battle_of_Vella_Gulf">Battle of Vella Gulf</h3></div> <p>On 7 August 1943, <i>Kawakaze</i> was on a troop transport run to <a href="/wiki/Kolombangara" title="Kolombangara">Kolombangara</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vella_Gulf" title="Battle of Vella Gulf">Battle of Vella Gulf</a> she was sunk by gunfire and <a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">torpedoes</a> of the American destroyers <a href="/wiki/USS_Dunlap" title="USS Dunlap">USS <i>Dunlap</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Craven_(DD-382)" title="USS Craven (DD-382)"><i>Craven</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Maury_(DD-401)" title="USS Maury (DD-401)"><i>Maury</i></a>, between Kolombangara and <a href="/wiki/Vella_Lavella" title="Vella Lavella">Vella Lavella</a> at position <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Japanese_destroyer_Kawakaze_(1936)&params=07_50_S_156_54_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">07°50′S</span> <span class="longitude">156°54′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">7.833°S 156.900°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-7.833; 156.900</span></span></span></a></span></span>. Of her crew, 169 were killed. </p><p>She was removed from the <a href="/wiki/Navy_list" class="mw-redirect" title="Navy list">navy list</a> on 15 October 1943. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nelson. <i>Japanese-English Character Dictionary</i>. page 739</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lengerer, pp. 92–3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peattie & Evans, <i>Kaigun</i> .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Globalsecurity.org, IJN Shiratsuyu class destroyers</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNishidah2002" class="citation web cs1">Nishidah, Hiroshi (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120722084658/http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/stc0426.htm">"Shiratsuyu class 1st class destroyers"</a>. <i>Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Materials+of+the+Imperial+Japanese+Navy&rft.atitle=Shiratsuyu+class+1st+class+destroyers&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Nishidah&rft.aufirst=Hiroshi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhomepage2.nifty.com%2Fnishidah%2Fe%2Fstc0426.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.combinedfleet.com/kawaka_t.htm">"IJN Kawakaze: Tabular Record of Movement"</a>. <i>www.combinedfleet.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.combinedfleet.com&rft.atitle=IJN+Kawakaze%3A+Tabular+Record+of+Movement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.combinedfleet.com%2Fkawaka_t.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oldtokyo.com/final-imperial-japanese-navy-fleet-review-1940/">"Final Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Review, 1940. | Old Tokyo"</a>. 2020-06-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Final+Imperial+Japanese+Navy+Fleet+Review%2C+1940.+%7C+Old+Tokyo&rft.date=2020-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oldtokyo.com%2Ffinal-imperial-japanese-navy-fleet-review-1940%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navweaps.com/index_oob/OOB_WWII_Pacific/OOB_WWII_Balikpapan.php">"Order of battle-Battle of Balikpapan"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Order+of+battle-Battle+of+Balikpapan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navweaps.com%2Findex_oob%2FOOB_WWII_Pacific%2FOOB_WWII_Balikpapan.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.combinedfleet.com/haguro_t.htm">"IJN HAGURO: Tabular Record of Movement"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IJN+HAGURO%3A+Tabular+Record+of+Movement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.combinedfleet.com%2Fhaguro_t.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF主要兵器2018" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">主要兵器, 大日本帝国軍 (2018-02-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://japanese-warship.com/destroyer/kawakaze/">"江風【白露型駆逐艦九番艦】Kawakaze【Shiratsuyu-class destroyer】"</a>. <i>大日本帝国軍主要兵器</i> (in Japanese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E8%BB%8D+%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%85%B5%E5%99%A8&rft.atitle=%E6%B1%9F%E9%A2%A8%E3%80%90%E7%99%BD%E9%9C%B2%E5%9E%8B%E9%A7%86%E9%80%90%E8%89%A6+%E4%B9%9D%E7%95%AA%E8%89%A6%E3%80%91Kawakaze%E3%80%90Shiratsuyu-class+destroyer%E3%80%91&rft.date=2018-02-03&rft.aulast=%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%85%B5%E5%99%A8&rft.aufirst=%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E8%BB%8D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjapanese-warship.com%2Fdestroyer%2Fkawakaze%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:12_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.combinedfleet.com/kawaka_t.htm">"IJN Kawakaze: Tabular Record of Movement"</a>. <i>www.combinedfleet.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.combinedfleet.com&rft.atitle=IJN+Kawakaze%3A+Tabular+Record+of+Movement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.combinedfleet.com%2Fkawaka_t.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/b/blue-i.html">"Blue I (DD-387)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blue+I+%28DD-387%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.navy.mil%2Fresearch%2Fhistories%2Fship-histories%2Fdanfs%2Fb%2Fblue-i.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorison1958" class="citation book cs1">Morison, Samuel Eliot (1958). <i>The Struggle for Guadalcanal, August 1942 – February 1943</i>. Little, Brown and Company. pp. 306–307. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-316-58305-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-316-58305-7"><bdi>0-316-58305-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Struggle+for+Guadalcanal%2C+August+1942+%E2%80%93+February+1943&rft.pages=306-307&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=1958&rft.isbn=0-316-58305-7&rft.aulast=Morison&rft.aufirst=Samuel+Eliot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_tassafaronga.html">"Battle of Tassafaronga, 30 November 1942"</a>. <i>www.historyofwar.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.historyofwar.org&rft.atitle=Battle+of+Tassafaronga%2C+30+November+1942&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyofwar.org%2Farticles%2Fbattles_tassafaronga.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://destroyerhistory.org/actions/index.asp?r=4280&pid=4286">"Battle of Tassafaronga — Japanese First Person"</a>. <i>destroyerhistory.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=destroyerhistory.org&rft.atitle=Battle+of+Tassafaronga+%E2%80%94+Japanese+First+Person&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdestroyerhistory.org%2Factions%2Findex.asp%3Fr%3D4280%26pid%3D4286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.combinedfleet.com/oyashi_t.htm">"IJN Oyashio: Tabular Record of Movement"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IJN+Oyashio%3A+Tabular+Record+of+Movement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.combinedfleet.com%2Foyashi_t.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/w/war-damage-reports/uss-northampton-ca26-war-damage-report-no-41.html">"USS Northampton CA26 War Damage Report No. 41"</a>. <i>public1.nhhcaws.local</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=public1.nhhcaws.local&rft.atitle=USS+Northampton+CA26+War+Damage+Report+No.+41&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.navy.mil%2Fresearch%2Flibrary%2Fonline-reading-room%2Ftitle-list-alphabetically%2Fw%2Fwar-damage-reports%2Fuss-northampton-ca26-war-damage-report-no-41.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NS-PT37-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NS-PT37_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRadigan" class="citation web cs1">Radigan, Joseph M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navsource.org/archives/12/05037.htm">"Motor Torpedo Boat Photo Archive PT-37"</a>. <i>NavSource - Naval Source History</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NavSource+-+Naval+Source+History&rft.atitle=Motor+Torpedo+Boat+Photo+Archive+PT-37&rft.aulast=Radigan&rft.aufirst=Joseph+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navsource.org%2Farchives%2F12%2F05037.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPacificWrecks.com" class="citation web cs1">PacificWrecks.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pacificwrecks.com/ships/ijn/kawakaze.html">"Pacific Wrecks - Kawakaze 江風"</a>. <i>pacificwrecks.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pacificwrecks.com&rft.atitle=Pacific+Wrecks+-+Kawakaze+%E6%B1%9F%E9%A2%A8&rft.au=PacificWrecks.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpacificwrecks.com%2Fships%2Fijn%2Fkawakaze.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD'Albas1965" class="citation book cs1">D'Albas, Andrieu (1965). <i>Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II</i>. Devin-Adair Pub. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8159-5302-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8159-5302-X"><bdi>0-8159-5302-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Death+of+a+Navy%3A+Japanese+Naval+Action+in+World+War+II&rft.pub=Devin-Adair+Pub&rft.date=1965&rft.isbn=0-8159-5302-X&rft.aulast=D%27Albas&rft.aufirst=Andrieu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown1990" class="citation book cs1">Brown, David (1990). <i>Warship Losses of World War Two</i>. Naval Institute Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55750-914-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55750-914-X"><bdi>1-55750-914-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Warship+Losses+of+World+War+Two&rft.pub=Naval+Institute+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=1-55750-914-X&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowarth1983" class="citation book cs1">Howarth, Stephen (1983). <i>The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun: The Drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1895–1945</i>. Atheneum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-689-11402-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-689-11402-8"><bdi>0-689-11402-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fighting+Ships+of+the+Rising+Sun%3A+The+Drama+of+the+Imperial+Japanese+Navy%2C+1895%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=Atheneum&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-689-11402-8&rft.aulast=Howarth&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJentsura1976" class="citation book cs1">Jentsura, Hansgeorg (1976). <i>Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869–1945</i>. 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London: Conway. pp. 91–110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84486-041-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84486-041-8"><bdi>978-1-84486-041-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Japanese+Destroyers+of+the+Hatsuharu+Class&rft.place=London&rft.series=Warship+2007&rft.pages=91-110&rft.pub=Conway&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84486-041-8&rft.aulast=Lengerer&rft.aufirst=Hans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson1967" class="citation book cs1">Nelson, Andrew N. (1967). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/modernreadersjap00nels"><i>Japanese–English Character Dictionary</i></a></span>. Tuttle. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8048-0408-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8048-0408-7"><bdi>0-8048-0408-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japanese%E2%80%93English+Character+Dictionary&rft.pub=Tuttle&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=0-8048-0408-7&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Andrew+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmodernreadersjap00nels&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatts1967" class="citation book cs1">Watts, Anthony J (1967). <i>Japanese Warships of World War II</i>. Doubleday. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-3850-9189-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-3850-9189-3"><bdi>978-0-3850-9189-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japanese+Warships+of+World+War+II&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=978-0-3850-9189-3&rft.aulast=Watts&rft.aufirst=Anthony+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitley2000" class="citation book cs1">Whitley, M J (2000). <i>Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia</i>. London: Arms and Armour Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85409-521-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-85409-521-8"><bdi>1-85409-521-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Destroyers+of+World+War+Two%3A+An+International+Encyclopedia&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Arms+and+Armour+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-85409-521-8&rft.aulast=Whitley&rft.aufirst=M+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNevitt1997" class="citation web cs1">Nevitt, Allyn D. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.combinedfleet.com/kawaka_t.htm">"IJN <i>Kawakaze</i>: Tabular Record of Movement"</a>. <i>Long Lancers</i>. Combinedfleet.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Long+Lancers&rft.atitle=IJN+Kawakaze%3A+Tabular+Record+of+Movement&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Nevitt&rft.aufirst=Allyn+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.combinedfleet.com%2Fkawaka_t.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNishidah2002" class="citation web cs1">Nishidah, Hiroshi (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120722084658/http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/stc0426.htm">"Shiratsuyu class destroyers"</a>. <i>Materials of the Imperial Japanese Navy</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/stc0426.htm">the original</a> on 2012-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Materials+of+the+Imperial+Japanese+Navy&rft.atitle=Shiratsuyu+class+destroyers&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Nishidah&rft.aufirst=Hiroshi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhomepage2.nifty.com%2Fnishidah%2Fe%2Fstc0426.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapanese+destroyer+Kawakaze+%281936%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070702111918/http://www.lemaire.happyhost.org/ship/+navires3/3741.html#300798">LemaireSoft's <i>Kawakaze</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://navalhistory.flixco.info/H/105207x53053/8330/a0.htm"><i>Kawakaze</i> in Naval History of World Wars</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://japanese-warship.com/destroyer/kawakaze/">Destroyer Kawakaze | Imperial Japan Army Major Weapons (japanese-warship.com)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Shiratsuyu_class_destroyer" title="Template:Shiratsuyu class destroyer"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Shiratsuyu_class_destroyer" title="Template talk:Shiratsuyu class destroyer"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Shiratsuyu_class_destroyer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Shiratsuyu class destroyer"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Shiratsuyu-class_destroyers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Shiratsuyu-class_destroyer" title="Shiratsuyu-class destroyer"><i>Shiratsuyu</i>-class destroyers</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Shiratsuyu_(1935)" title="Japanese destroyer Shiratsuyu (1935)"><i>Shiratsuyu</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Shigure_(1935)" title="Japanese destroyer Shigure (1935)"><i>Shigure</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Murasame_(1935)" title="Japanese destroyer Murasame (1935)"><i>Murasame</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Y%C5%ABdachi_(1936)" title="Japanese destroyer Yūdachi (1936)"><i>Yūdachi</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Harusame_(1935)" title="Japanese destroyer Harusame (1935)"><i>Harusame</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Samidare_(1935)" title="Japanese destroyer Samidare (1935)"><i>Samidare</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Umikaze_(1936)" title="Japanese destroyer Umikaze (1936)"><i>Umikaze</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Yamakaze_(1936)" title="Japanese destroyer Yamakaze (1936)"><i>Yamakaze</i></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Kawakaze</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Suzukaze" title="Japanese destroyer Suzukaze"><i>Suzukaze</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Preceded by: <a href="/wiki/Hatsuharu-class_destroyer" title="Hatsuharu-class destroyer"><i>Hatsuharu</i> class</a></li> <li>Followed by: <a href="/wiki/Asashio-class_destroyer" title="Asashio-class destroyer"><i>Asashio</i> class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_destroyers_of_Japan" title="List of destroyers of Japan">List of destroyers of Japan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Shipwrecks_and_maritime_incidents_in_August_1943" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:August_1943_shipwrecks" title="Template:August 1943 shipwrecks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:August_1943_shipwrecks" title="Template talk:August 1943 shipwrecks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:August_1943_shipwrecks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:August 1943 shipwrecks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Shipwrecks_and_maritime_incidents_in_August_1943" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in August 1943</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_August_1943" title="List of shipwrecks in August 1943">Shipwrecks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1 Aug: <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-383" title="German submarine U-383"><i>U-383</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-454" title="German submarine U-454"><i>U-454</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2 Aug: <a href="/wiki/Motor_Torpedo_Boat_PT-109" class="mw-redirect" title="Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109">USS <i>PT-109</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-106_(1940)" title="German submarine U-106 (1940)"><i>U-106</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_trawler_V_420_Alcyon" title="German trawler V 420 Alcyon"><i>V 420 Alcyon</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">3 Aug: <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-335" title="German submarine U-335"><i>U-335</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-572" title="German submarine U-572"><i>U-572</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-706" title="German submarine U-706"><i>U-706</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">4 Aug: <a href="/wiki/SS_Cokesit" title="SS Cokesit"><i>Catania</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/SS_Fort_La_Montee" title="SS Fort La Montee"><i>Fort La Montee</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/SS_Lombardia" title="SS Lombardia"><i>Lombardia</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-489" title="German submarine U-489"><i>U-489</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">5 Aug: <a href="/wiki/USS_Plymouth_(PG-57)" title="USS Plymouth (PG-57)">USS <i>Plymouth</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-34_(1936)" title="German submarine U-34 (1936)"><i>U-34</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">6 Aug: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Arashi" title="Japanese destroyer Arashi"><i>Arashi</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Hagikaze" title="Japanese destroyer Hagikaze"><i>Hagikaze</i></a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Kawakaze</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">7 Aug: <a href="/wiki/Soviet_submarine_S-1" title="Soviet submarine S-1"><i>S-1</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-84_(1941)" title="German submarine U-84 (1941)"><i>U-84</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-117_(1941)" title="German submarine U-117 (1941)"><i>U-117</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-615" title="German submarine U-615"><i>U-615</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">9 Aug: <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-664" title="German submarine U-664"><i>U-664</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">11 Aug: <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-468" title="German submarine U-468"><i>U-468</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-525" title="German submarine U-525"><i>U-525</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-604" title="German submarine U-604"><i>U-604</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">12 Aug: <a href="/wiki/SS_Clan_Macarthur" title="SS Clan Macarthur"><i>Clan Macarthur</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">13 Aug: <a href="/wiki/USS_John_Penn" title="USS John Penn">USS <i>John Penn</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">14 Aug: <a href="/wiki/HMS_Saracen_(P247)" title="HMS Saracen (P247)">HMS <i>Saracen</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">15 Aug: <a href="/wiki/HM_LST-414" title="HM LST-414"><i>LST-414</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">16 Aug: <a href="/wiki/SS_Empire_Kestrel" title="SS Empire Kestrel"><i>Empire Kestrel</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">18 Aug: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_submarine_chaser_Cha-5" title="Japanese submarine chaser Cha-5"><i>Cha-5</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_submarine_chaser_Cha-12" title="Japanese submarine chaser Cha-12"><i>Cha-12</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-403" title="German submarine U-403"><i>U-403</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">19 August: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_submarine_I-17" title="Japanese submarine I-17"><i>I-17</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">20 Aug: <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-197" title="German submarine U-197"><i>U-197</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-670" title="German submarine U-670"><i>U-670</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">23 Aug: <a href="/wiki/USS_Crow_(AMc-20)" title="USS Crow (AMc-20)">USS <i>Crow</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Finnish_minelayer_Riilahti" title="Finnish minelayer Riilahti"><i>Riilahti</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_SC-694" title="USS SC-694">USS <i>SC-694</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">24 Aug: <a href="/wiki/Erg_(tug)" title="Erg (tug)"><i>Erg</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/SS_Sagaing" title="SS Sagaing"><i>Sagaing</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-134_(1941)" title="German submarine U-134 (1941)"><i>U-134</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-185" title="German submarine U-185"><i>U-185</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">25 Aug: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_submarine_Ro-35" title="Japanese submarine Ro-35"><i>Ro-35</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-523" title="German submarine U-523"><i>U-523</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">27 Aug: <a href="/wiki/HMS_Egret_(L75)" title="HMS Egret (L75)">HMS <i>Egret</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-847" title="German submarine U-847"><i>U-847</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">28 Aug: <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-639" title="German submarine U-639"><i>U-639</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">29 Aug: <a href="/wiki/HDMS_Niels_Juel_(1918)" title="HDMS Niels Juel (1918)"><i>Niels Juel</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">30 Aug: <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-634" title="German submarine U-634"><i>U-634</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Unknown date: <a href="/wiki/HMS_Parthian_(N75)" title="HMS Parthian (N75)">HMS <i>Parthian</i></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/MTB_345" title="MTB 345">SA 7</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">4 Aug: <a href="/wiki/HMS_Arrow_(H42)" title="HMS Arrow (H42)">HMS <i>Arrow</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/SS_Kembu_Maru_(1942)" title="SS Kembu Maru (1942)"><i>Kembu Maru</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">10 Aug: <a href="/wiki/USS_Brant_(AM-24)" title="USS Brant (AM-24)">USS <i>Brant</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">11 Aug: <a href="/wiki/USS_Raton" title="USS Raton">USS <i>Raton</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">18 Aug: <a href="/wiki/USS_Abner_Read_(DD-526)" title="USS Abner Read (DD-526)">USS <i>Abner Read</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">30 Aug: <a href="/wiki/USS_Cod" title="USS Cod">USS <i>Cod</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">31 Aug: <a href="/wiki/USS_Stingray_(SS-186)" title="USS Stingray (SS-186)">USS <i>Stingray</i></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_1942" title="List of shipwrecks in 1942">1942</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_1942" title="List of shipwrecks in 1942"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/12px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/18px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/24px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_1943" title="List of shipwrecks in 1943">1943</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_1944" title="List of shipwrecks in 1944"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg/12px-Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg/18px-Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg/24px-Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_1944" title="List of shipwrecks in 1944">1944</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_July_1943" title="List of shipwrecks in July 1943">July 1943</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_July_1943" title="List of shipwrecks in July 1943"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/12px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/18px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/24px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_September_1943" title="List of shipwrecks in September 1943"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg/12px-Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg/18px-Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg/24px-Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_September_1943" title="List of shipwrecks in September 1943">September 1943</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a 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