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1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></span></div></div></button><div><ul id=":Rfb6n6H1:" aria-labelledby=":Rfb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 gMkIpo"><li aria-labelledby=":R1lfb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 Ywlla"><button tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R1lfb6n6:--label " id=":R1lfb6n6:" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls=":R1lfb6n6H1:" class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 kXKjOF"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 cUxMoC"><span id=":R1lfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Start writing on GitHub</span><span class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 lmYNOb"><svg sx="[object Object]" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down Octicon-sc-9kayk9-0 daAEFx" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></span></div></div></button><div><ul id=":R1lfb6n6H1:" aria-labelledby=":R1lfb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 gMkIpo"><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rd9lfb6n6:--label " id=":Rd9lfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/quickstart-for-writing-on-github"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rd9lfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Quickstart</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rl9lfb6n6:--label " id=":Rl9lfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/about-writing-and-formatting-on-github"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rl9lfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">About writing & formatting</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rt9lfb6n6:--label " id=":Rt9lfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/getting-started-with-writing-and-formatting-on-github/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rt9lfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Basic formatting syntax</span></div></a></li></ul></div></li><li aria-labelledby=":R2lfb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 Ywlla"><button tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R2lfb6n6:--label " id=":R2lfb6n6:" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls=":R2lfb6n6H1:" class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 kXKjOF"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 cUxMoC"><span id=":R2lfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Work with advanced formatting</span><span class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 lmYNOb"><svg sx="[object Object]" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down Octicon-sc-9kayk9-0 daAEFx" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></span></div></div></button><div><ul id=":R2lfb6n6H1:" aria-labelledby=":R2lfb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 gMkIpo"><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rdalfb6n6:--label " id=":Rdalfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-tables"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rdalfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Organized data with tables</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rlalfb6n6:--label " id=":Rlalfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/organizing-information-with-collapsed-sections"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rlalfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Collapsed sections</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rtalfb6n6:--label " id=":Rtalfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/creating-and-highlighting-code-blocks"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rtalfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Create code blocks</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R15alfb6n6:--label " id=":R15alfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/creating-diagrams"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R15alfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Create diagrams</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R1dalfb6n6:--label " id=":R1dalfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/writing-mathematical-expressions"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R1dalfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Mathematical expressions</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R1lalfb6n6:--label " id=":R1lalfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/autolinked-references-and-urls"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R1lalfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Auto linked references</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R1talfb6n6:--label " id=":R1talfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/attaching-files"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R1talfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Attaching files</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R25alfb6n6:--label " id=":R25alfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/about-task-lists"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R25alfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">About task lists</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R2dalfb6n6:--label " id=":R2dalfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/creating-a-permanent-link-to-a-code-snippet"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R2dalfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Permanent links to code</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R2lalfb6n6:--label " id=":R2lalfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-advanced-formatting/using-keywords-in-issues-and-pull-requests"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R2lalfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Using keywords in issues and pull requests</span></div></a></li></ul></div></li><li aria-labelledby=":R3lfb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 Ywlla"><button tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R3lfb6n6:--label " id=":R3lfb6n6:" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls=":R3lfb6n6H1:" class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 kXKjOF"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 cUxMoC"><span id=":R3lfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Work with saved replies</span><span class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 lmYNOb"><svg sx="[object Object]" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down Octicon-sc-9kayk9-0 daAEFx" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></span></div></div></button><div><ul id=":R3lfb6n6H1:" aria-labelledby=":R3lfb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 gMkIpo"><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rdblfb6n6:--label " id=":Rdblfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-saved-replies/about-saved-replies"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rdblfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">About saved replies</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rlblfb6n6:--label " id=":Rlblfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-saved-replies/creating-a-saved-reply"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rlblfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Creating a saved reply</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rtblfb6n6:--label " id=":Rtblfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-saved-replies/editing-a-saved-reply"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rtblfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Editing a saved reply</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R15blfb6n6:--label " id=":R15blfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-saved-replies/deleting-a-saved-reply"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R15blfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Deleting a saved reply</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R1dblfb6n6:--label " id=":R1dblfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/working-with-saved-replies/using-saved-replies"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R1dblfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Using saved replies</span></div></a></li></ul></div></li><li aria-labelledby=":R4lfb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 Ywlla"><button tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R4lfb6n6:--label " id=":R4lfb6n6:" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls=":R4lfb6n6H1:" class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 kXKjOF"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 cUxMoC"><span id=":R4lfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Share content with gists</span><span class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 lmYNOb"><svg sx="[object Object]" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down Octicon-sc-9kayk9-0 daAEFx" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></span></div></div></button><div><ul id=":R4lfb6n6H1:" aria-labelledby=":R4lfb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 gMkIpo"><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rdclfb6n6:--label " id=":Rdclfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/editing-and-sharing-content-with-gists/creating-gists"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rdclfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Creating gists</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rlclfb6n6:--label " id=":Rlclfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/editing-and-sharing-content-with-gists/forking-and-cloning-gists"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rlclfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Forking and cloning gists</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rtclfb6n6:--label " id=":Rtclfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/editing-and-sharing-content-with-gists/saving-gists-with-stars"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rtclfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Saving gists with stars</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R15clfb6n6:--label " id=":R15clfb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 dibTck" href="/en/get-started/writing-on-github/editing-and-sharing-content-with-gists/moderating-gist-comments"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R15clfb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Moderating gist comments</span></div></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li aria-labelledby=":Rhb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 Ywlla"><button tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rhb6n6:--label " id=":Rhb6n6:" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls=":Rhb6n6H1:" class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 itjSOb"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 cUxMoC"><span id=":Rhb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Explore projects</span><span class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 lmYNOb"><svg sx="[object Object]" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down Octicon-sc-9kayk9-0 daAEFx" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></span></div></div></button><div><ul id=":Rhb6n6H1:" aria-labelledby=":Rhb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 gMkIpo"><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R1lhb6n6:--label " id=":R1lhb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/exploring-projects-on-github/finding-ways-to-contribute-to-open-source-on-github"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R1lhb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Contribute to open source</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R2lhb6n6:--label " id=":R2lhb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/exploring-projects-on-github/using-github-copilot-to-explore-projects"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R2lhb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Use Copilot to explore projects</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R3lhb6n6:--label " id=":R3lhb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/exploring-projects-on-github/contributing-to-a-project"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R3lhb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Contribute to a project</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R4lhb6n6:--label " id=":R4lhb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/exploring-projects-on-github/saving-repositories-with-stars"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R4lhb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Save repositories with stars</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R5lhb6n6:--label " id=":R5lhb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/exploring-projects-on-github/following-people"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R5lhb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Following people</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R6lhb6n6:--label " id=":R6lhb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/exploring-projects-on-github/following-organizations"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R6lhb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Following organizations</span></div></a></li></ul></div></li><li aria-labelledby=":Rjb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 Ywlla"><button tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rjb6n6:--label " id=":Rjb6n6:" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls=":Rjb6n6H1:" class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 itjSOb"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 cUxMoC"><span id=":Rjb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Getting started with Git</span><span class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 lmYNOb"><svg sx="[object Object]" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down 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id=":Rcljb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Git cheatsheet</span></div></a></li></ul></div></li><li aria-labelledby=":Rlb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 Ywlla"><button tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rlb6n6:--label " id=":Rlb6n6:" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls=":Rlb6n6H1:" class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 itjSOb"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 cUxMoC"><span id=":Rlb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Using Git</span><span class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 lmYNOb"><svg sx="[object Object]" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down Octicon-sc-9kayk9-0 daAEFx" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></span></div></div></button><div><ul id=":Rlb6n6H1:" aria-labelledby=":Rlb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 gMkIpo"><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R1llb6n6:--label " id=":R1llb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/using-git/about-git"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R1llb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">About Git</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R2llb6n6:--label " id=":R2llb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/using-git/pushing-commits-to-a-remote-repository"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R2llb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Push commits to a remote</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R3llb6n6:--label " id=":R3llb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/using-git/getting-changes-from-a-remote-repository"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R3llb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Get changes from a remote</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R4llb6n6:--label " id=":R4llb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/using-git/dealing-with-non-fast-forward-errors"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R4llb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Non-fast-forward error</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a 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id=":R7llb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/using-git/about-git-rebase"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R7llb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">About Git rebase</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R8llb6n6:--label " id=":R8llb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/using-git/using-git-rebase-on-the-command-line"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R8llb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Git rebase</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R9llb6n6:--label " id=":R9llb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/using-git/resolving-merge-conflicts-after-a-git-rebase"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R9llb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Resolve conflicts after rebase</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rallb6n6:--label " id=":Rallb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/using-git/dealing-with-special-characters-in-branch-and-tag-names"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rallb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Special characters in names</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rbllb6n6:--label " id=":Rbllb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/using-git/troubleshooting-the-2-gb-push-limit"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":Rbllb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Maximum push limit</span></div></a></li></ul></div></li><li aria-labelledby=":Rnb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 Ywlla"><button tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":Rnb6n6:--label " id=":Rnb6n6:" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls=":Rnb6n6H1:" class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 itjSOb"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 cUxMoC"><span id=":Rnb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Exploring integrations</span><span class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 lmYNOb"><svg sx="[object Object]" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down Octicon-sc-9kayk9-0 daAEFx" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></span></div></div></button><div><ul id=":Rnb6n6H1:" aria-labelledby=":Rnb6n6:" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 gMkIpo"><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R1lnb6n6:--label " id=":R1lnb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" href="/en/get-started/exploring-integrations/about-using-integrations"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R1lnb6n6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">About using integrations</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a sx="[object Object]" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R2lnb6n6:--label " id=":R2lnb6n6:" aria-current="false" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 fuIgwR" 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pr-2">/</span></li><li class="d-inline-block"><a rel="" data-testid="breadcrumb-link" title="Getting started with Git" class="Link--primary mr-2 color-fg-muted" href="/en/get-started/getting-started-with-git">Getting started with Git</a><span class="color-fg-muted pr-2">/</span></li><li class="d-inline-block"><a rel="" data-testid="breadcrumb-link" title="Handle line endings" class="Link--primary mr-2 color-fg-muted d-none" href="/en/get-started/getting-started-with-git/configuring-git-to-handle-line-endings">Handle line endings</a></li></ul></nav></div><div class="ArticleGridLayout_containerBox__lLLio"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 eQiQea"><div class="d-flex flex-items-baseline flex-justify-between" data-container="title"><h1 id="title-h1" class="border-bottom-0">Configuring Git to handle line endings</h1></div></div><div id="article-intro" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 ijSsTo f4 pb-4"><div class="f2 color-fg-muted mb-3 Lead_container__m3L5f _page-intro" data-container="lead" data-testid="lead" data-search="lead"><p>To avoid problems in your diffs, you can configure Git to properly handle line endings.</p></div><div data-testid="platform-picker"><h2 class="_VisuallyHidden__VisuallyHidden-sc-11jhm7a-0 iNUWLn">Platform navigation</h2><nav aria-label="Platform" class="UnderlineTabbedInterface__StyledUnderlineWrapper-sc-4ilrg0-0 hUUAau"><ul role="list" class="UnderlineTabbedInterface__StyledUnderlineItemList-sc-4ilrg0-1 deMHpA"><li class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 elRDAF"><a href="?platform=mac" data-platform="mac" class="UnderlineTabbedInterface__StyledUnderlineItem-sc-4ilrg0-2 eSekwG"><span data-component="text" data-content="Mac">Mac</span></a></li><li class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 elRDAF"><a href="?platform=windows" data-platform="windows" class="UnderlineTabbedInterface__StyledUnderlineItem-sc-4ilrg0-2 eSekwG"><span data-component="text" data-content="Windows">Windows</span></a></li><li class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 elRDAF"><a href="?platform=linux" data-platform="linux" 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bmseMA">About line endings</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R2lkteqn6:--label " id=":R2lkteqn6:" aria-current="false" href="#global-settings-for-line-endings" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 cJbOew Minitocs_nested__JSAov"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R2lkteqn6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Global settings for line endings</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R2tkteqn6:--label " id=":R2tkteqn6:" aria-current="false" href="#per-repository-settings" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 cJbOew Minitocs_nested__JSAov"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R2tkteqn6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Per-repository settings</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R35kteqn6:--label " id=":R35kteqn6:" aria-current="false" href="#refreshing-a-repository-after-changing-line-endings" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 cJbOew Minitocs_nested__JSAov"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R35kteqn6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Refreshing a repository after changing line endings</span></div></a></li><li class="Item__LiBox-sc-yeql7o-0 lnYQME"><a tabindex="0" aria-labelledby=":R3dkteqn6:--label " id=":R3dkteqn6:" aria-current="false" href="#further-reading" class="Link__StyledLink-sc-14289xe-0 cJbOew Minitocs_nested__JSAov"><div data-component="ActionList.Item--DividerContainer" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 hROlum"><span id=":R3dkteqn6:--label" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bmseMA">Further reading</span></div></a></li></ul></nav></div><div data-container="article" data-search="article-body" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 kohLxz"><div id="article-contents"><div class="MarkdownContent_markdownBody__v5MYy markdown-body"><h2 id="about-line-endings" tabindex="-1"><a class="heading-link" href="#about-line-endings">About line endings<span class="heading-link-symbol" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></h2> <p>Every time you press <kbd>return</kbd> on your keyboard you insert an invisible character called a line ending. Different operating systems handle line endings differently.</p> <p>When you're collaborating on projects with Git and GitHub, Git might produce unexpected results if, for example, you're working on a Windows machine, and your collaborator has made a change in macOS.</p> <p>You can configure Git to handle line endings automatically so you can collaborate effectively with people who use different operating systems.</p> <h2 id="global-settings-for-line-endings" tabindex="-1"><a class="heading-link" href="#global-settings-for-line-endings">Global settings for line endings<span class="heading-link-symbol" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></h2> <p>The <code>git config core.autocrlf</code> command is used to change how Git handles line endings. It takes a single argument.</p> <div class="ghd-tool mac"> <p>On macOS, you simply pass <code>input</code> to the configuration. For example:</p> <pre><code class="hljs language-shell"><span class="hljs-meta prompt_">$ </span><span class="bash">git config --global core.autocrlf input</span> <span class="hljs-meta prompt_"># </span><span class="bash">Configure Git to ensure line endings <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> files you checkout are correct <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> macOS</span> </code></pre> </div> <div class="ghd-tool windows"> <p>On Windows, you simply pass <code>true</code> to the configuration. For example:</p> <pre><code class="hljs language-shell"><span class="hljs-meta prompt_">$ </span><span class="bash">git config --global core.autocrlf <span class="hljs-literal">true</span></span> <span class="hljs-meta prompt_"># </span><span class="bash">Configure Git to ensure line endings <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> files you checkout are correct <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> Windows.</span> <span class="hljs-meta prompt_"># </span><span class="bash">For compatibility, line endings are converted to Unix style when you commit files.</span> </code></pre> </div> <div class="ghd-tool linux"> <p>On Linux, you simply pass <code>input</code> to the configuration. For example:</p> <pre><code class="hljs language-shell"><span class="hljs-meta prompt_">$ </span><span class="bash">git config --global core.autocrlf input</span> <span class="hljs-meta prompt_"># </span><span class="bash">Configure Git to ensure line endings <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> files you checkout are correct <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> Linux</span> </code></pre> </div> <h2 id="per-repository-settings" tabindex="-1"><a class="heading-link" href="#per-repository-settings">Per-repository settings<span class="heading-link-symbol" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></h2> <p>Optionally, you can configure a <code>.gitattributes</code> file to manage how Git reads line endings in a specific repository. When you commit this file to a repository, it overrides the <code>core.autocrlf</code> setting for all repository contributors. This ensures consistent behavior for all users, regardless of their Git settings and environment.</p> <p>The <code>.gitattributes</code> file must be created in the root of the repository and committed like any other file.</p> <p>A <code>.gitattributes</code> file looks like a table with two columns:</p> <ul> <li>On the left is the file name for Git to match.</li> <li>On the right is the line ending configuration that Git should use for those files.</li> </ul> <h3 id="example" tabindex="-1"><a class="heading-link" href="#example">Example<span class="heading-link-symbol" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></h3> <p>Here's an example <code>.gitattributes</code> file. You can use it as a template for your repositories:</p> <pre><code class="hljs language-text"># Set the default behavior, in case people don't have core.autocrlf set. * text=auto # Explicitly declare text files you want to always be normalized and converted # to native line endings on checkout. *.c text *.h text # Declare files that will always have CRLF line endings on checkout. *.sln text eol=crlf # Denote all files that are truly binary and should not be modified. *.png binary *.jpg binary </code></pre> <p>You'll notice that files are matched—<code>*.c</code>, <code>*.sln</code>, <code>*.png</code>—, separated by a space, then given a setting—<code>text</code>, <code>text eol=crlf</code>, <code>binary</code>. We'll go over some possible settings below.</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>text=auto</code> Git will handle the files in whatever way it thinks is best. This is a good default option.</p> </li> <li> <p><code>text eol=crlf</code> Git will always convert line endings to <code>CRLF</code> on checkout. You should use this for files that must keep <code>CRLF</code> endings, even on OSX or Linux.</p> </li> <li> <p><code>text eol=lf</code> Git will always convert line endings to <code>LF</code> on checkout. You should use this for files that must keep LF endings, even on Windows.</p> </li> <li> <p><code>binary</code> Git will understand that the files specified are not text, and it should not try to change them. The <code>binary</code> setting is also an alias for <code>-text -diff</code>.</p> </li> </ul> <h2 id="refreshing-a-repository-after-changing-line-endings" tabindex="-1"><a class="heading-link" href="#refreshing-a-repository-after-changing-line-endings">Refreshing a repository after changing line endings<span class="heading-link-symbol" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></h2> <p>After you set the <code>core.autocrlf</code> option or commit a <code>.gitattributes</code> file, Git automatically changes line endings to match your new configuration. You may find that Git reports changes to files that you have not modified.</p> <p>To ensure that all the line endings in your repository match your new configuration, back up your files with Git, then remove and restore all of the files to normalize the line endings.</p> <ol> <li> <p>Before adding or committing any changes, verify that Git has applied the configuration correctly. For example, Git automatically determines whether files in a repository are text or binary files. To avoid corruption of binary files in your repository, we recommend that you explicitly mark files as binary in <code>.gitattributes</code>. For more information, see <a href="https://www.git-scm.com/docs/gitattributes#_marking_files_as_binary">gitattributes - Defining attributes per path</a> in the Git documentation.</p> </li> <li> <p>To avoid losing any local changes to files in the repository, add and commit any outstanding changes by running the following commands.</p> <div class="code-example"><header class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between p-2 text-small rounded-top-1 border-top border-left border-right"><span class="flex-1">Shell</span><button class="js-btn-copy btn btn-sm tooltipped tooltipped-nw" aria-label="Copy Shell code to clipboard" data-clipboard="3598354608"><svg version="1.1" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" class="octicon octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Z"></path><path d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5 9.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path></svg></button><pre hidden data-clipboard="3598354608">git add . -u git commit -m "Saving files before refreshing line endings" </pre></header><pre><code class="hljs language-shell">git add . -u git commit -m "Saving files before refreshing line endings" </code></pre></div> </li> <li> <p>To update all files on the current branch to reflect the new configuration, run the following command.</p> <div class="code-example"><header class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between p-2 text-small rounded-top-1 border-top border-left border-right"><span class="flex-1">Shell</span><button class="js-btn-copy btn btn-sm tooltipped tooltipped-nw" aria-label="Copy Shell code to clipboard" data-clipboard="259757178"><svg version="1.1" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" class="octicon octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Z"></path><path d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5 9.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path></svg></button><pre hidden data-clipboard="259757178">git add --renormalize . </pre></header><pre><code class="hljs language-shell">git add --renormalize . </code></pre></div> </li> <li> <p>To display the rewritten, normalized files, run the following command.</p> <div class="code-example"><header class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between p-2 text-small rounded-top-1 border-top border-left border-right"><span class="flex-1">Shell</span><button class="js-btn-copy btn btn-sm tooltipped tooltipped-nw" aria-label="Copy Shell code to clipboard" data-clipboard="2181656439"><svg version="1.1" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" class="octicon octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Z"></path><path d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5 9.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path></svg></button><pre hidden data-clipboard="2181656439">git status </pre></header><pre><code class="hljs language-shell">git status </code></pre></div> </li> <li> <p>Optionally, to commit any outstanding changes in your repository, run the following command.</p> <div class="code-example"><header class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between p-2 text-small rounded-top-1 border-top border-left border-right"><span class="flex-1">Shell</span><button class="js-btn-copy btn btn-sm tooltipped tooltipped-nw" aria-label="Copy Shell code to clipboard" data-clipboard="3626414711"><svg version="1.1" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" class="octicon octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Z"></path><path d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5 9.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path></svg></button><pre hidden data-clipboard="3626414711">git commit -m "Normalize all the line endings" </pre></header><pre><code class="hljs 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Different operating systems handle line endings differently.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you're collaborating on projects with Git and GitHub, Git might produce unexpected results if, for example, you're working on a Windows machine, and your collaborator has made a change in macOS.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can configure Git to handle line endings automatically so you can collaborate effectively with people who use different operating systems.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"global-settings-for-line-endings\" tabindex=\"-1\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"heading-link\" href=\"#global-settings-for-line-endings\"\u003eGlobal settings for line endings\u003cspan class=\"heading-link-symbol\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003egit config core.autocrlf\u003c/code\u003e command is used to change how Git handles line endings. It takes a single argument.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"ghd-tool mac\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn macOS, you simply pass \u003ccode\u003einput\u003c/code\u003e to the configuration. For example:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode class=\"hljs language-shell\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"hljs-meta prompt_\"\u003e$ \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"bash\"\u003egit config --global core.autocrlf input\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"hljs-meta prompt_\"\u003e# \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"bash\"\u003eConfigure Git to ensure line endings \u003cspan class=\"hljs-keyword\"\u003ein\u003c/span\u003e files you checkout are correct \u003cspan class=\"hljs-keyword\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e macOS\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"ghd-tool windows\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Windows, you simply pass \u003ccode\u003etrue\u003c/code\u003e to the configuration. For example:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode class=\"hljs language-shell\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"hljs-meta prompt_\"\u003e$ \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"bash\"\u003egit config --global core.autocrlf \u003cspan class=\"hljs-literal\"\u003etrue\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"hljs-meta prompt_\"\u003e# \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"bash\"\u003eConfigure Git to ensure line endings \u003cspan class=\"hljs-keyword\"\u003ein\u003c/span\u003e files you checkout are correct \u003cspan class=\"hljs-keyword\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e Windows.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"hljs-meta prompt_\"\u003e# \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"bash\"\u003eFor compatibility, line endings are converted to Unix style when you commit files.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"ghd-tool linux\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn Linux, you simply pass \u003ccode\u003einput\u003c/code\u003e to the configuration. For example:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode class=\"hljs language-shell\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"hljs-meta prompt_\"\u003e$ \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"bash\"\u003egit config --global core.autocrlf input\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"hljs-meta prompt_\"\u003e# \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"bash\"\u003eConfigure Git to ensure line endings \u003cspan class=\"hljs-keyword\"\u003ein\u003c/span\u003e files you checkout are correct \u003cspan class=\"hljs-keyword\"\u003efor\u003c/span\u003e Linux\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"per-repository-settings\" tabindex=\"-1\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"heading-link\" href=\"#per-repository-settings\"\u003ePer-repository settings\u003cspan class=\"heading-link-symbol\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOptionally, you can configure a \u003ccode\u003e.gitattributes\u003c/code\u003e file to manage how Git reads line endings in a specific repository. When you commit this file to a repository, it overrides the \u003ccode\u003ecore.autocrlf\u003c/code\u003e setting for all repository contributors. This ensures consistent behavior for all users, regardless of their Git settings and environment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003e.gitattributes\u003c/code\u003e file must be created in the root of the repository and committed like any other file.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA \u003ccode\u003e.gitattributes\u003c/code\u003e file looks like a table with two columns:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOn the left is the file name for Git to match.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOn the right is the line ending configuration that Git should use for those files.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"example\" tabindex=\"-1\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"heading-link\" href=\"#example\"\u003eExample\u003cspan class=\"heading-link-symbol\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere's an example \u003ccode\u003e.gitattributes\u003c/code\u003e file. You can use it as a template for your repositories:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode class=\"hljs language-text\"\u003e# Set the default behavior, in case people don't have core.autocrlf set.\n* text=auto\n\n# Explicitly declare text files you want to always be normalized and converted\n# to native line endings on checkout.\n*.c text\n*.h text\n\n# Declare files that will always have CRLF line endings on checkout.\n*.sln text eol=crlf\n\n# Denote all files that are truly binary and should not be modified.\n*.png binary\n*.jpg binary\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou'll notice that files are matched—\u003ccode\u003e*.c\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003e*.sln\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003e*.png\u003c/code\u003e—, separated by a space, then given a setting—\u003ccode\u003etext\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003etext eol=crlf\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003ebinary\u003c/code\u003e. We'll go over some possible settings below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003etext=auto\u003c/code\u003e Git will handle the files in whatever way it thinks is best. This is a good default option.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003etext eol=crlf\u003c/code\u003e Git will always convert line endings to \u003ccode\u003eCRLF\u003c/code\u003e on checkout. You should use this for files that must keep \u003ccode\u003eCRLF\u003c/code\u003e endings, even on OSX or Linux.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003etext eol=lf\u003c/code\u003e Git will always convert line endings to \u003ccode\u003eLF\u003c/code\u003e on checkout. You should use this for files that must keep LF endings, even on Windows.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003ebinary\u003c/code\u003e Git will understand that the files specified are not text, and it should not try to change them. The \u003ccode\u003ebinary\u003c/code\u003e setting is also an alias for \u003ccode\u003e-text -diff\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"refreshing-a-repository-after-changing-line-endings\" tabindex=\"-1\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"heading-link\" href=\"#refreshing-a-repository-after-changing-line-endings\"\u003eRefreshing a repository after changing line endings\u003cspan class=\"heading-link-symbol\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter you set the \u003ccode\u003ecore.autocrlf\u003c/code\u003e option or commit a \u003ccode\u003e.gitattributes\u003c/code\u003e file, Git automatically changes line endings to match your new configuration. You may find that Git reports changes to files that you have not modified.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo ensure that all the line endings in your repository match your new configuration, back up your files with Git, then remove and restore all of the files to normalize the line endings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore adding or committing any changes, verify that Git has applied the configuration correctly. For example, Git automatically determines whether files in a repository are text or binary files. To avoid corruption of binary files in your repository, we recommend that you explicitly mark files as binary in \u003ccode\u003e.gitattributes\u003c/code\u003e. For more information, see \u003ca href=\"https://www.git-scm.com/docs/gitattributes#_marking_files_as_binary\"\u003egitattributes - Defining attributes per path\u003c/a\u003e in the Git documentation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo avoid losing any local changes to files in the repository, add and commit any outstanding changes by running the following commands.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"code-example\"\u003e\u003cheader class=\"d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between p-2 text-small rounded-top-1 border-top border-left border-right\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"flex-1\"\u003eShell\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbutton class=\"js-btn-copy btn btn-sm tooltipped tooltipped-nw\" aria-label=\"Copy Shell code to clipboard\" data-clipboard=\"3598354608\"\u003e\u003csvg version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" class=\"octicon octicon-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5 9.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/button\u003e\u003cpre hidden data-clipboard=\"3598354608\"\u003egit add . -u\ngit commit -m \"Saving files before refreshing line endings\"\n\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/header\u003e\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode class=\"hljs language-shell\"\u003egit add . -u\ngit commit -m \"Saving files before refreshing line endings\"\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo update all files on the current branch to reflect the new configuration, run the following command.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"code-example\"\u003e\u003cheader class=\"d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between p-2 text-small rounded-top-1 border-top border-left border-right\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"flex-1\"\u003eShell\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbutton class=\"js-btn-copy btn btn-sm tooltipped tooltipped-nw\" aria-label=\"Copy Shell code to clipboard\" data-clipboard=\"259757178\"\u003e\u003csvg version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" class=\"octicon octicon-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5 9.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/button\u003e\u003cpre hidden data-clipboard=\"259757178\"\u003egit add --renormalize .\n\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/header\u003e\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode class=\"hljs language-shell\"\u003egit add --renormalize .\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo display the rewritten, normalized files, run the following command.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"code-example\"\u003e\u003cheader class=\"d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between p-2 text-small rounded-top-1 border-top border-left border-right\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"flex-1\"\u003eShell\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbutton class=\"js-btn-copy btn btn-sm tooltipped tooltipped-nw\" aria-label=\"Copy Shell code to clipboard\" data-clipboard=\"2181656439\"\u003e\u003csvg version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" class=\"octicon octicon-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5 9.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/button\u003e\u003cpre hidden data-clipboard=\"2181656439\"\u003egit status\n\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/header\u003e\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode class=\"hljs language-shell\"\u003egit status\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOptionally, to commit any outstanding changes in your repository, run the following command.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"code-example\"\u003e\u003cheader class=\"d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between p-2 text-small rounded-top-1 border-top border-left border-right\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"flex-1\"\u003eShell\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbutton class=\"js-btn-copy btn btn-sm tooltipped tooltipped-nw\" aria-label=\"Copy Shell code to clipboard\" data-clipboard=\"3626414711\"\u003e\u003csvg version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" class=\"octicon octicon-copy\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5 9.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/button\u003e\u003cpre hidden data-clipboard=\"3626414711\"\u003egit commit -m \"Normalize all the line endings\"\n\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/header\u003e\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode class=\"hljs language-shell\"\u003egit commit -m \"Normalize all the line endings\"\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"further-reading\" tabindex=\"-1\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"heading-link\" href=\"#further-reading\"\u003eFurther reading\u003cspan class=\"heading-link-symbol\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Attributes\"\u003eCustomizing Git - Git Attributes\u003c/a\u003e in the Pro Git book\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-config\"\u003egit-config\u003c/a\u003e in the man pages for Git\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-First-Time-Git-Setup\"\u003eGetting Started - First-Time Git Setup\u003c/a\u003e in the Pro Git book\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://adaptivepatchwork.com/2012/03/01/mind-the-end-of-your-line/\"\u003eMind the End of Your Line\u003c/a\u003e by \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/tclem\"\u003eTim Clem\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","miniTocItems":[{"contents":{"href":"#about-line-endings","title":"About line endings"}},{"contents":{"href":"#global-settings-for-line-endings","title":"Global settings for line endings"}},{"contents":{"href":"#per-repository-settings","title":"Per-repository settings"}},{"contents":{"href":"#refreshing-a-repository-after-changing-line-endings","title":"Refreshing a repository after changing line endings"}},{"contents":{"href":"#further-reading","title":"Further reading"}}],"permissions":"","includesPlatformSpecificContent":true,"includesToolSpecificContent":false,"defaultPlatform":"","defaultTool":"","product":"","productVideoUrl":"","currentLearningTrack":null,"detectedPlatforms":["mac","windows","linux"],"detectedTools":[],"allTools":{"agents":"Agents","api":"API","azure_data_studio":"Azure Data Studio","bash":"Bash","cli":"GitHub CLI","codespaces":"Codespaces","curl":"curl","desktop":"Desktop","eclipse":"Eclipse","importer_cli":"GitHub Enterprise Importer CLI","javascript":"JavaScript","jetbrains":"JetBrains IDEs","jetbrains_beta":"JetBrains IDEs (Beta)","skillsets":"Skillsets","vimneovim":"Vim/Neovim","powershell":"PowerShell","visualstudio":"Visual Studio","vscode":"Visual Studio Code","webui":"Web browser","windowsterminal":"Windows 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Brasil"},"ru":{"name":"Russian","code":"ru","nativeName":"Русский"},"ja":{"name":"Japanese","code":"ja","nativeName":"日本語"},"fr":{"name":"French","code":"fr","nativeName":"Français"},"de":{"name":"German","code":"de","nativeName":"Deutsch"},"ko":{"name":"Korean","code":"ko","nativeName":"한국어"}}},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/[versionId]/[productId]/[...restPage]","query":{"versionId":"free-pro-team@latest","productId":"get-started","restPage":["getting-started-with-git","configuring-git-to-handle-line-endings"]},"buildId":"gomOM0af5Ftpr7rWtYliu","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"gssp":true,"appGip":true,"locale":"en","locales":["en","zh","es","pt","ru","ja","fr","de","ko"],"defaultLocale":"en","scriptLoader":[]}</script></body></html>