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oocysts</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: oocysts"> <meta name="keywords" content="oocysts"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="oocysts"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 11</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: oocysts</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Anticoccidial Activity of Vitis venifera Extract on Oocysts of Different Eimeria Species of Chicken</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asghar%20Abbas">Asghar Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rao%20Zahid%20Abbas"> Rao Zahid Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asif%20Raza"> Muhammad Asif Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kashif%20Hussain"> Kashif Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current experiment, in vitro anticoccidial potential of Vitis venifera (grape seed) extract was evaluated. For this purpose, an in vitro sporulation inhibition assay was used. Collected oocysts of different Eimeria species of chicken were exposed to six different concentrations (w/v) of Vitis venifera extract (TAE) in 10% dimethylsulphoxide solution (DMSO). Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and potassium dichromate solution (K₂Cr₂O₇) served as control groups. Results of the study revealed that Vitis venifera extract (TAE) showed an inhibitory effect on sporulation (%) and damage (%) of Eimeria oocysts in a dose-dependent manner as compared to both control groups. Vitis venifera extract also damaged the morphology of oocysts in terms of shape, size, and number of sporocysts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitis%20venifera" title="Vitis venifera">Vitis venifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro" title=" in vitro"> in vitro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eimeria" title=" Eimeria"> Eimeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oocysts" title=" oocysts"> oocysts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106941/anticoccidial-activity-of-vitis-venifera-extract-on-oocysts-of-different-eimeria-species-of-chicken" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> A Comparative Evaluation of Broiler Strains Chickens, Arbor Acres, and Ross in Experimental Coccidiosis </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20R.%20Shojaei">S. S. R. Shojaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kord%20Afshari"> S. Kord Afshari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was initiated to compare the production and defecation of Eimerial oocysts of two internationally reputed broiler strains under the local environmental and management conditions. 40 one-day old male chickens of Arbor Acres strain and ROSS strain (20 chicks from each strain) used in this study and were divided randomly into four control and challenge groups. Feed and water were provided for ad libitum consumption. At 15 d of age, chickens of challenge groups (from each strain) were individually inoculated with a mixture of 50000 of sporulated oocysts of 4 species including of E. acervulina (20%), E. maxima (40%), E. tenella (25%) and E. necatrix (15%) and also from the fourth day after Eimerial challenge, faecal droppings (litter samples) were collected 10 days consecutively for counting oocyst per gram (OPG). The results indicated that in the challenge groups, there was an increasing process of OPG in days of 4 to 7 post challenging and the pick level of OPG was seen at seventh day after challenging. From day 8 to 9, decreasing of OPG was happened. This decreasing continues with mild, fast and mild process to day of 13. Respectively and totally the average of OPG in the Arbor Acres group was lower than the group Ross in all days post inoculation and this difference was significant according to t-test. According to the obtained results in this study and since oocyst index almost always is considered as one of the most important indicators for coccidiosis evaluation, it can be realized that in the same surveillance condition the regarding the severity evaluation of coccidiosis, Arbor Acres strain broilers shed less oocysts than Ross strain broilers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arbor%20acres" title="arbor acres">arbor acres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ross" title=" ross"> ross</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coccidiosis" title=" coccidiosis"> coccidiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OPG" title=" OPG"> OPG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3209/a-comparative-evaluation-of-broiler-strains-chickens-arbor-acres-and-ross-in-experimental-coccidiosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Prevalence of Eimeria spp in Cattle in Anatolia Region, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nermin%20Isik">Nermin Isik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onur%20Ceylan"> Onur Ceylan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bovine coccidiosis is a protozoan infection caused by coccidia parasites of the genus Eimeria which develops in the small and the large intestine. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Eimeria spp. in cattle. This study was conducted between March 2014 and April 2015, involved 624 fecal samples of cattle. Cattle were grouped according to their age as follows: 6-12, 12-24 and >24 months. In a retrospective study from these faecal samples of cattle submitted to the University of Selcuk, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Parasitology were evaluated regarding the prevalence of Eimeria spp. In the laboratory, faecal samples were examined by Fulleborn saturated salt flotation technique and examined under a microscope for the presence of protozoan oocysts. Eimeria oocysts were found in 4.8% of all the samples. Eimeria infection was detected in 11.8%, 5.3% and 0.4% of the cattle in the age groups, respectively. This study showed that Eimeria infection was commonly seen in 6-24-month-old cattle. Further epidemiological investigation on economic significance and species composition of bovine coccidiosis needs to be pursued. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cattle" title="cattle">cattle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhea" title=" diarrhea"> diarrhea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eimeria%20spp" title=" Eimeria spp"> Eimeria spp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54314/prevalence-of-eimeria-spp-in-cattle-in-anatolia-region-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54314.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Microbial and Oocyst Count in Feacal Material of Broilers Birds Administered Phytochemicals (Naringin and Hesperidin)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adeleye%20Oluwagbemmiga">Adeleye Oluwagbemmiga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obuotor%20Tolulope"> Obuotor Tolulope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dosumu%20Adebisi"> Dosumu Adebisi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Opowoye%20I."> Opowoye I.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olasoju%20M."> Olasoju M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kolawole%20Amos"> Kolawole Amos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egbeyale%20Lawrence"> Egbeyale Lawrence</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gut Microbiota plays a vital role in animal health and welfare. This study investigated the effect of naringin and hesperidin administration on broiler birds. A total of 80 day – old broiler chicks were randomly divided into eight groups, with ten birds per group. Four groups were not inoculated but administered coccidiostat (1A), hesperidin alone (2A), naringin alone (3A) and a combination of naringin and hesperidin (4A) from day eight (8) to day fourteen (14) while four other groups (5A – 8A) were inoculated with 2 x 10⁴ oocysts per 0.5ml of Eimeria tenella on the 16th and 19th day of age after they were administered conventional antibiotics and coccidiostat, naringin (50mg/body weight), hesperidin (50mg/body weight) and a combination from day 8 - 14. McMaster counting technique was used to count the oocysts, while pour plate technique was used to determine the bacterial load. The results showed a significant increase in their performance with an average weight ranging from 1.55kg – 2.00kg, microbial load also improved with colony count values from 3.5 x 104 - 4.5 x 10⁴ CFU/ml. The study also found that the inclusion of naringin and hesperidin in the diets of broiler birds inoculated with coccidia oocysts significantly reduced the fecal oocyst counts, with the lowest count in combined treatment (8A) (10%) and indicating a lower degree of coccidiosis infection in the treated groups whereas control group (5A) had the highest oocyst count (35%). Mortality and Morbidity rate was 0% as none of the bird showed signs and symptoms. The reduction in oocyst counts could help to strengthen the immune system of broiler birds and limit the severity of coccidiosis infection, which could be an effective strategy for improving performance, immune function and mitigating the impact of coccidiosis infection in broiler birds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gut%20colonization" title="gut colonization">gut colonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=naringin" title=" naringin"> naringin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hesperidin" title=" hesperidin"> hesperidin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eimeria%20tenella" title=" eimeria tenella"> eimeria tenella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broilers" title=" broilers"> broilers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174503/microbial-and-oocyst-count-in-feacal-material-of-broilers-birds-administered-phytochemicals-naringin-and-hesperidin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Detection of Cryptosporidium Oocysts by Acid-Fast Staining Method and PCR in Surface Water from Tehran, Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Mohsen%20Homayouni">Mohamad Mohsen Homayouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niloofar%20Taghipour"> Niloofar Taghipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Reza%20Memar"> Ahmad Reza Memar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niloofar%20Khalaji"> Niloofar Khalaji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Kiani"> Hamed Kiani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyyed%20Javad%20Seyyed%20Tabaei"> Seyyed Javad Seyyed Tabaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objective: Cryptosporidium is a coccidian protozoan parasite; its oocysts in surface water are a global health problem. Due to the low number of parasites in the water resources and the lack of laboratory culture, rapid and sensitive method for detection of the organism in the water resources is necessarily required. We applied modified acid-fast staining and PCR for the detection of the Cryptosporidium spp. and analysed the genotypes in 55 samples collected from surface water. Methods: Over a period of nine months, 55 surface water samples were collected from the five rivers in Tehran, Iran. The samples were filtered by using cellulose acetate membrane filters. By acid fast method, initial identification of Cryptosporidium oocyst were carried out on surface water samples. Then, nested PCR assay was designed for the specific amplification and analysed the genotypes. Results: Modified Ziehl-Neelsen method revealed 5–20 Cryptosporidium oocysts detected per 10 Liter. Five out of the 55 (9.09%) surface water samples were found positive for Cryptosporidium spp. by Ziehl-Neelsen test and seven (12.7%) were found positive by nested PCR. The staining results were consistent with PCR. Seven Cryptosporidium PCR products were successfully sequenced and five gp60 subtypes were detected. Our finding of gp60 gene revealed that all of the positive isolates were Cryptosporidium parvum and belonged to subtype families IIa and IId. Conclusion: Our investigations were showed that collection of water samples were contaminated by Cryptosporidium, with potential hazards for the significant health problem. This study provides the first report on detection and genotyping of Cryptosporidium species from surface water samples in Iran, and its result confirmed the low clinical incidence of this parasite on the community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cryptosporidium%20spp." title="Cryptosporidium spp.">Cryptosporidium spp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20filtration" title=" membrane filtration"> membrane filtration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subtype" title=" subtype"> subtype</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20water" title=" surface water"> surface water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78803/detection-of-cryptosporidium-oocysts-by-acid-fast-staining-method-and-pcr-in-surface-water-from-tehran-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Eimeria spp. in Naturally Infected Calves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nermin%20Isik">Nermin Isik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozlem%20Derinbay%20Ekici"> Ozlem Derinbay Ekici</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bovine coccidiosis is a protozoan disease caused by various species of Eimeria and most signs of disease are chronic or subclinical. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Eimeria spp. in calves in Konya, in Turkey. The study, conducted from January- February 2015, involved 240 faecal samples of calves in the age groups of <1 month, 1-3 months and >3 months in Konya city centre, in Turkey. In a retrospective study from these faecal samples of calves submitted to the University of Selcuk, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Parasitology were evaluated regarding the prevalence of Eimeria spp. Faecal samples were examined by Fulleborn saturated salt floatation technique. Eimeria oocysts were found in 8.33% of all samples. The positivity rates in each of the age groups were different. According to the age groups (<1 month, 1-3 months and >3 months), the Eimeria spp. were determined as 0.83, 22.73 and 7.41%, respectively. After examination of stool, detected oocysts were sporulated in 2.5% potassium dichromate at 22º C and species were identified as E. cylindrica, E. zuernii, E. ellipsoidalis, E. subspherica, E. bovis, E. auburnensis, E. canadensis, E. illinoisensis and E. brasiliensis in infected calves. In conclusion, the highest prevalence was observed in the age group of 1-3 months. The presence of Eimeria species in calves demonstrated for the first time in the Konya region in Turkey. Other etiologic agents should also be investigated in calves more seriously. Further molecular epidemiological studies should be performed in this community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eimeria%20spp." title="Eimeria spp.">Eimeria spp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calves" title=" calves"> calves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhea" title=" diarrhea"> diarrhea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bovine%20coccidiosis" title=" bovine coccidiosis"> bovine coccidiosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27519/eimeria-spp-in-naturally-infected-calves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">537</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Importance of Cryptosporidiosis in Dairy Calves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Asadpour">Mohammad Asadpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cryptosporidium spp. is zoonotic pathogens transmissible from a variety of animals to humans and is a considerable public health concern. Calves have been identified in numerous reports as a major source of environmental contamination with this pathogen. Parasite has a different species that are the cases of zoonotic disease in immunodeficient people and neonatal calves. Cryptosporidium oocysts are extremely resistant to chlorine and other physical cases that commonly used in drinking water. Reproduction of resistant oocytes is a way for this monoxenous parasite to remain in the environment. Cryptosporidium parvum is the most important species that has human and cattle genotypes. Cryptosporidium is one of the most important causes of diarrhea in neonatal calves and also, one of the four causes of diarrhea symptoms in pre-weaned calves. Because of the incompetent immune system in calves, Cryptosporidium infection is the cause of a lot of problems in raising farms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cryptosporidium%20spp" title="Cryptosporidium spp">Cryptosporidium spp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dairy%20calves" title=" dairy calves"> dairy calves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=importance" title=" importance"> importance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20medicine" title=" veterinary medicine"> veterinary medicine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5549/importance-of-cryptosporidiosis-in-dairy-calves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5549.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">583</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in Free-Living Wild Birds by Using Carbol Fuchsin Staining Methods in Konya, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nermin%20Isik">Nermin Isik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cryptosporidiosis is one of the most common parasitic infection in domesticated, caged, wild birds. Cryptosporidium sp. has been reported in over 30 avian species worldwide. Cryptosporidium meleagridis, Cryptosporidium baileyi and Cryptosporidium galli are recognised avian species of Cryptosporidium. This study was carried out to determine the prevalance of Cryptosporidium sp. in wild birds in Konya province, Turkey. Faecal samples were collected from 65 wild birds including 52 Podicipedidae (Podiceps cristatus), 11 Rallidae (Fulicia Atra), 2 Anitadia (Aytha ferina). Faecal samples were stained with Modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technigue, they were examined under light microscope for the presence of Cryptosporidium sp. oocyts. Among the 65 faecal samples, 11 (16.9%) were found to be infected with Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts. The results of this study indicate that wild birds may play an important role in the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium. In conclusion, Cryptosporidiosis has suggested zoonotic potential and thus warrant further attention. In addition, biological and genetic studies are required to provide more information on Cryptosporidiosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cryptosporidium%20sp" title="Cryptosporidium sp">Cryptosporidium sp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wild%20birds" title=" wild birds"> wild birds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konya" title=" Konya"> Konya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50934/prevalence-of-cryptosporidium-spp-in-free-living-wild-birds-by-using-carbol-fuchsin-staining-methods-in-konya-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50934.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Inactivation of Root-Knot Nematode Eggs Meloidogyne enterolobii in Irrigation Water Treated with Ozone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20A.%20Landa-Fernandez">I. A. Landa-Fernandez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Monje-Ramirez"> I. Monje-Ramirez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20T.%20Orta-Ledesma"> M. T. Orta-Ledesma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Every year plant-parasitic nematodes diminish the yield of high-value crops worldwide causing important economic losses. Currently, Meloidogyne enterolobii has increased its importance due to its high aggressiveness, increasing geographical distribution and host range. Root-knot nematodes inhabit the rhizosphere soil around plant roots. However, they can come into contact with irrigation water. Thus, plant-parasitic nematodes can be transported by water, as eggs or juveniles. Due to their high resistance, common water disinfection methods are not effective for inactivating these parasites. Ozone is the most effective disinfectant for microbial inactivation. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that ozone treatment is an alternative method control in irrigation water of the root-knot nematode M. enterolobii. It has been shown that ozonation is an effective treatment for the inactivation of protozoan cysts and oocysts (Giardia and Cryptosporidium) and for other species of the genus Meloidogyne (M. incognita), but not for the enterolobii specie. In this study, the strain of M. enterolobii was isolated from tomatoes roots. For the tests, eggs were used and were inoculated in water with similar characteristics of irrigation water. Subsequently, the disinfection process was carried out in an ozonation unit. The performance of the treatments was evaluated through the egg's viability by assessing its structure by optical microscopy. As a result of exposure to ozone, the viability of the nematode eggs was reduced practically in its entirety; with dissolved ozone levels in water close to the standard concentration (equal to 0.4 mgO₃/L), but with high contact times (greater than 4 min): 0.2 mgO₃/L for 15 minutes or 0.55 mgO₃/L for 10 minutes. Additionally, the effect of temperature, alkalinity and organic matter of the water was evaluated. Ozonation is effective and a promising alternative for the inactivation of nematodes in irrigation water, which could contribute to diminish the agricultural losses caused by these organisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inactivation%20process" title="inactivation process">inactivation process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation%20water%20treatment" title=" irrigation water treatment"> irrigation water treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ozonation" title=" ozonation"> ozonation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant-parasite%20nematodes" title=" plant-parasite nematodes"> plant-parasite nematodes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92871/inactivation-of-root-knot-nematode-eggs-meloidogyne-enterolobii-in-irrigation-water-treated-with-ozone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92871.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles to Rescue Coccidiosis-mediated Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Inflammation in the Jejunum Of Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esam%20Mohammed%20Al-shaebi">Esam Mohammed Al-shaebi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most crucial approaches for treating human diseases, particularly parasite infections, is nanomedicine. One of the most significant protozoan diseases that impact farm and domestic animals is coccidiosis. While, amprolium is one of the traditional anticoccidial medication, the advent of drug-resistant strains of Eimeria necessitates the development of novel treatments. The goal of the current investigation was to determine whether biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (Bio-SeNPs) using Azadirachta indica leaves extract might treat mice with Eimeria papillata infection in the jejunal tissue. Five groups of seven mice each were used, as follows: Group 1: Non-infected-non-treated (negative control). Group 2: Non-infected treated group with Bio-SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg of body weight). Groups 3-5 were orally inoculated with 1×103 sporulated oocysts of E. papillata. Group 3: Infected-non-treated (positive control). Group 4: Infected and treated group with Bio-SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg). Group 5: Infected and treated group with the Amprolium. Groups 4 and 5 daily received oral administration (for 5 days) of Bio-SeNPs and anticoccidial medication, respectively, after infection. Bio-SeNPs caused a considerable reduction in oocyst output in mice feces (97.21%). This was also accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of developmental parasitic stages in the jejunal tissues. Glutathione reduced (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were dramatically reduced by the Eimeria parasite, whereas, nitric oxide (NO) and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels were markedly elevated. The amount of goblet cells and MUC2 gene expression were used as apoptotic indicators, and both were considerably downregulated by infection. However, infection markedly increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and the apoptotic genes (Caspase-3 and BCL2). Bio-SeNPs were administrated to mice to drastically lower body weight, oxidative stress, and inflammatory and apoptotic indicators in the jejunal tissue. Our research thus showed the involvement of Bio-SeNPs in protecting mice with E. papillata infections against jejunal damage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coccidiosis" title="coccidiosis">coccidiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=azadirachta%20indica" title=" azadirachta indica"> azadirachta indica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164995/biosynthesized-selenium-nanoparticles-to-rescue-coccidiosis-mediated-oxidative-stress-apoptosis-and-inflammation-in-the-jejunum-of-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Prophylactic Effect of Dietary Garlic (Allium sativum) Inclusion in Feed of Commercial Broilers with Coccidiosis Raised at the Experimental Animal Unit of the Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ogunlesi%20Olufunso">Ogunlesi Olufunso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Ogunsola"> John Ogunsola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omolade%20Oladele"> Omolade Oladele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjamin%20Emikpe"> Benjamin Emikpe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease that affects poultry production, leading to economic losses. Garlic is known for medicinal properties and has been used as a natural remedy for various diseases. This study aims to investigate the prophylactic effect of garlic inclusion in the feed of commercial broilers with coccidiosis. Research Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the possible effect of garlic meal inclusion in poultry feed on the body weight gain of commercial broilers and to investigate it's therapeutic effect on broilers with coccidiosis. Methodology: The study conducted a case-control study for eight weeks with One hundred Arbor acre commercial broilers separated into five (5) groups from day-old, where 6,000 Eimeria oocysts were orally inoculated into each broiler in the different groups. Feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, oocyt shedding rate, histopathology and erythrocyte indices were assessed. Findings: The inclusion of garlic meal in the broilers' diet resulted in an improved feed conversion ratio, decreased oocyst counts, reduced diarrhoeic fecal spots, decreased susceptibility to coccidial infection, and increased packed cell volume (PCV). Theoretical Importance: This study contributes to the understanding of the prophylactic effect of garlic supplementation, including its antiparasitic properties on commercial broilers with coccidiosis. It highlights the potential use of non-conventional feed additives or ayurvedic herb and spices in the treatment of poultry diseases. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: The study collected data on feed intake, body weight gain, oocyst shedding rate, histopathological observations, and erythrocyte indices. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and Duncan's Multiple range Test. Questions Addressed: The study addressed the possible effect of garlic meal inclusion in poultry feed on the body weight gain of broilers and its therapeutic effect on broilers with coccidiosis. Conclusion: The study concludes that garlic inclusion in the feed of broilers has a prophylactic effect, including antiparasitic properties, resulting in improved feed conversion ratio, reduced oocyst counts and increased PCV. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broilers" title="broilers">broilers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eimeria%20spp" title=" eimeria spp"> eimeria spp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garlic" title=" garlic"> garlic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibadan" title=" Ibadan"> Ibadan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178018/prophylactic-effect-of-dietary-garlic-allium-sativum-inclusion-in-feed-of-commercial-broilers-with-coccidiosis-raised-at-the-experimental-animal-unit-of-the-department-of-veterinary-medicine-university-of-ibadan-oyo-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul 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