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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Raritan Bay</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raritani_laht" title="Raritani laht – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Raritani laht" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baie_de_Raritan" title="Baie de Raritan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Baie de Raritan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%A8%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9F" title="מפרץ רריטאן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מפרץ רריטאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Raritan_Bay&params=40_29_00_N_74_10_59_W_region:NJ_type:waterbody"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°29′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°10′59″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.48333°N 74.18306°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.48333; -74.18306</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bay in the 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Raritan+Bay%22">"Raritan Bay"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Raritan+Bay%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Raritan+Bay%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Raritan+Bay%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Raritan+Bay%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Raritan+Bay%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #cedeff; font-size: 125%;">Raritan Bay</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wpdms_usgs_photo_raritan_bay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Wpdms_usgs_photo_raritan_bay.jpg/264px-Wpdms_usgs_photo_raritan_bay.jpg" decoding="async" width="264" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Wpdms_usgs_photo_raritan_bay.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="370" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Raritan Bay is shown as highlighted area south of <a href="/wiki/Lower_New_York_Bay" title="Lower New York Bay">Lower New York Bay</a> and north of <a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth County</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:256px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:256px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:256px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_of_Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Raritan Bay is located in Monmouth County, New Jersey"><img alt="Raritan Bay is located in Monmouth County, New Jersey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Location_map_of_Monmouth_County%2C_New_Jersey.svg/256px-Location_map_of_Monmouth_County%2C_New_Jersey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Location_map_of_Monmouth_County%2C_New_Jersey.svg/384px-Location_map_of_Monmouth_County%2C_New_Jersey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Location_map_of_Monmouth_County%2C_New_Jersey.svg/512px-Location_map_of_Monmouth_County%2C_New_Jersey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="768" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:21.35%;left:62.901%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Raritan Bay"><img alt="Raritan Bay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Raritan Bay</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span title="Geographical coordinates">Coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Raritan_Bay&params=40_29_00_N_74_10_59_W_region:NJ_type:waterbody"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°29′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°10′59″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.48333°N 74.18306°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.48333; -74.18306</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Bight" title="New York Bight">New York Bight</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Inflow_(hydrology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inflow (hydrology)"><span title="Primary inflows: rivers, streams, precipitation">Primary inflows</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r979066050">.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist-embedded{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;padding:0 0.25em 0 0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:after{content:", "}.mw-parser-output .sslist li:after{content:"; "}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child:after{content:none}</style><ul class="cslist"><li><a href="/wiki/Raritan_River" title="Raritan River">Raritan River</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury_River" title="Shrewsbury River">Shrewsbury River</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Navesink_River" title="Navesink River">Navesink River</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span title="Primary outflows: oceans, seas, straights">Ocean/sea sources</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">Basin</a> countries</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Max. length</th><td class="infobox-data">9 miles (14 km)<sup id="cite_ref-rb-complex_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rb-complex-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Max. width</th><td class="infobox-data">12 miles (19 km)<sup id="cite_ref-rb-complex_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rb-complex-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Surface area</th><td class="infobox-data">69,188 acres (27,999 ha)<sup id="cite_ref-rb-complex_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rb-complex-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Average depth</th><td class="infobox-data">11–30 feet (3.4–9.1 m)<sup id="cite_ref-rb-complex_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rb-complex-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Max. depth</th><td class="infobox-data">45 feet (14 m)<sup id="cite_ref-rb-complex_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rb-complex-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Water_cycle#Residence_times" title="Water cycle">Residence time</a></th><td class="infobox-data">60 tidal cycles<sup id="cite_ref-geologyNPS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geologyNPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Salinity" title="Salinity">Salinity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">12-32 ppt<sup id="cite_ref-geologyNPS_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geologyNPS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settlements</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r979066050"><ul class="cslist"><li><a href="/wiki/Perth_Amboy,_New_Jersey" title="Perth Amboy, New Jersey">Perth Amboy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/South_Amboy,_New_Jersey" title="South Amboy, New Jersey">South Amboy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sayreville,_New_Jersey" title="Sayreville, New Jersey">Sayreville</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Keyport,_New_Jersey" title="Keyport, New Jersey">Keyport</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Union_Beach,_New_Jersey" title="Union Beach, New Jersey">Union Beach</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Keansburg,_New_Jersey" title="Keansburg, New Jersey">Keansburg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Middletown_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Middletown Township, New Jersey">Middletown Township</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sandy_Hook,_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandy Hook, New Jersey">Sandy Hook</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Bridge_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Old Bridge Township, New Jersey">Old Bridge Township</a> (<a href="/wiki/Laurence_Harbor,_New_Jersey" title="Laurence Harbor, New Jersey">Laurence Harbor</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Raritan Bay</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Bay" title="Bay">bay</a> located at the southern portion of <a href="/wiki/Lower_New_York_Bay" title="Lower New York Bay">Lower New York Bay</a> between the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. states</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> and is part of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Bight" title="New York Bight">New York Bight</a>. The bay is bounded on the northwest by New York's <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island" title="Staten Island">Staten Island</a>, on the west by <a href="/wiki/Perth_Amboy,_New_Jersey" title="Perth Amboy, New Jersey">Perth Amboy, New Jersey</a>, on the south by the <a href="/wiki/Raritan_Bayshore" title="Raritan Bayshore">Raritan Bayshore</a> communities in the New Jersey counties of <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_New_Jersey" title="Middlesex County, New Jersey">Middlesex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth</a>, and on the east by <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Hook_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandy Hook Bay">Sandy Hook Bay</a>. The bay is named after the <a href="/wiki/Raritan_(tribe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raritan (tribe)">Raritans</a>, a branch of the <a href="/wiki/Lenape" title="Lenape">Lenape</a> tribe who lived in the vicinity of the bay and its <a href="/wiki/Raritan_River" title="Raritan River">river</a> for thousands of years, prior to the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Dutch</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">English</a> colonists in the 17th century. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raritan_Bay&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archeological evidence suggests that humans were already in the region at the close of the <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a>. The early "Big Game Hunters" vanished, but the coastal regions were resettled by peoples accustomed to village-style living ("tidewater communities") that subsisted on hunting and gathering marine shellfish, and eventually, on agriculture. In pre-Columbian times "woodlands cultures" probably centered in the Ohio Valley became the dominant cultural influence in the region. Large <a href="/wiki/Middens" class="mw-redirect" title="Middens">shell middens</a> were found around Raritan Bay and on Staten Island, a testament of the utilization of the bay for food by Algonquin Indian tribes (Lenapes) who occupied the area when early Colonialists arrived. Early settlers used these shell piles for road construction and field fertilizer. Tottenville was once well known for its roads paved with oyster shells.<sup id="cite_ref-GeologicHistory_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeologicHistory-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geology">Geology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raritan_Bay&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RaritanBay1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/RaritanBay1.JPG/220px-RaritanBay1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/RaritanBay1.JPG/330px-RaritanBay1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/RaritanBay1.JPG/440px-RaritanBay1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The south side of Raritan Bay</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Raritan_River" title="Raritan River">Raritan River</a> was perhaps the major drainage channel along the ice front throughout the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_glaciation" title="Wisconsin glaciation">Wisconsin glaciation</a> (Stages 1, 2, 3 and 4). Prior to that time the region drained southward across the saddle between the <a href="/wiki/Navesink_Highlands" title="Navesink Highlands">Atlantic Highlands</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Newark_Basin" title="Newark Basin">Newark Basin</a> into the <a href="/wiki/Delaware_River" title="Delaware River">Delaware River</a> Valley. This saddle area is a very broad flood plain that preserves river terrace gravels (<a href="/wiki/Pensauken_Formation" title="Pensauken Formation">Pensauken Formation</a>) from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sangemon_Interglacial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sangemon Interglacial (page does not exist)">Sangemon Interglacial</a> State (Stage 5), as well as older <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> <a href="/wiki/Fluvial" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluvial">fluvial</a> deposits (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bridgetown_Formation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bridgetown Formation (page does not exist)">Bridgetown Formation</a>). During the lowstand in sea level caused by the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_glaciation" title="Wisconsin glaciation">Wisconsin</a> glacier, the <a href="/wiki/Raritan_River" title="Raritan River">Raritan River</a> carved back into its headlands and captured the major drainages from the <a href="/wiki/Newark_Basin" title="Newark Basin">Newark Basin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GeologicHistory_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeologicHistory-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the Wisconsin glaciers melted, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flandrian_Transgression&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flandrian Transgression (page does not exist)">Flandrian Transgression</a> eventually flooded the deeper valleys of the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson</a>, Raritan, and Arthur Kill. During warming at the end of the Pleistocene and <a href="/wiki/Holocene_glacial_retreat" title="Holocene glacial retreat">Early Holocene</a>, the area encompassing Raritan Bay changed from <a href="/wiki/Tundra" title="Tundra">tundra</a> to a landscape dominated by spruce and pine forests. These forests gradually gave way to the modern deciduous forest in the region by mid-<a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a> time. Lagoons and bays in the area around Sandy Hook hosted oysters, hard and soft shell clams, lobsters, blue crabs, and a variety of other <a href="/wiki/Invertebrates" class="mw-redirect" title="Invertebrates">invertebrates</a> common in bays in the region today. South of western Long Island, tidal flats and wetlands occupied the margins of a tidal estuary (now submerged by marine waters). Inner Raritan Bay began to fill about 2,500 years ago with large oyster beds forming along the estuarine tributaries. Sea level continued to rise about one foot per century. This rise in sea level has resulted in the landward migration of the shoreline (aided by storm-induced <a href="/wiki/Coastal_erosion" title="Coastal erosion">coastal erosion</a>) as much as two miles in some portions of the coast since colonial times.<sup id="cite_ref-GeologicHistory_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeologicHistory-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy_and_ecology">Economy and ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raritan_Bay&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Economy and ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RAritanBAyCOast1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/RAritanBAyCOast1.JPG/220px-RAritanBAyCOast1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/RAritanBAyCOast1.JPG/330px-RAritanBAyCOast1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/RAritanBAyCOast1.JPG/440px-RAritanBAyCOast1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The south coast of Raritan Bay</figcaption></figure></div></div> <p>The bay supported a lucrative fishing and <a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">shellfish</a> industry during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, especially <a href="/wiki/Oysters" class="mw-redirect" title="Oysters">oysters</a>, which helped to support a stable population around the bay and aided, in part, to feed the flood of immigration. Stable communities continued to grow and change with new industries supporting a larger population base. Advances in methods of fishing and shellfish collecting resulted in overextraction of these resources from the bay. The peak of the fishing industry occurred in the late 1880s to 1910s.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Fishing and farming slowly gave way to industries including ship building, ceramics, chemicals and paint manufacturing, electrolytic copper refining, and petroleum refining. In the <a href="/wiki/Keasbey,_New_Jersey" title="Keasbey, New Jersey">Keasbey, New Jersey</a> area, large pits were dug to extract the clays for ceramics and bricks, and huge chemical dumps, <a href="/wiki/Fly_ash" class="mw-redirect" title="Fly ash">fly ash</a> piles, and <a href="/wiki/Landfill" title="Landfill">landfills</a> were created to accommodate the waste from the growing industrial empire. The building of shore management structures (dikes, groins, seawalls), the spraying of <a href="/wiki/DDT" title="DDT">DDT</a> (and other <a href="/wiki/Pesticide" title="Pesticide">pesticides</a>) to control the mosquito problem, the carving of ditches to drain wetlands, the filling of shore lowlands, the channelization of creeks, highway and sewer construction, neighborhood development, and a myriad point and non-point sources of household, automobile, industrial chemicals, and ocean dumping all contributed to growing toxicity of the bay.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>For most of the 20th century, the shores of Arthur Kill have been home to the largest petroleum importing, refining, and storage facilities on Earth; as a consequence the estuary has been host to major and minor oil spills. In addition, Arthur Kill drains the area encompassing the second largest landfill on Earth (<a href="/wiki/Fresh_Kills_Landfill" title="Fresh Kills Landfill">Fresh Kills Landfill</a>). This landfill, and others along the Raritan River, provide an ample supply of <a href="/wiki/Leachate" title="Leachate">leachate</a> to the waterways. Chemical wastes cause stress and disruption of the life cycles of plankton, shellfish and other invertebrates, and the fish, birds, and other wildlife that they support.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The result was an ecological disaster. The bay approached sterile conditions at the peak of pollution and algal bloom-induced anoxia. Environmental actions from the 1970s to present have helped slowly bring back sea life, but current conditions pale to the wealth of marine resources of the past; certain species of fish and birds continue to decline, and the introduction of tenacious exotic species from around the world contribute to their decline. As a sign of optimism though, oysters are beginning to naturally reappear in the Hudson River after having vanished completely about the time of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GeologicHistory_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeologicHistory-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regional industrial overdevelopment and other pollution factors have raised <a href="/wiki/Polychlorinated_biphenyl" title="Polychlorinated biphenyl">PCB</a> levels in the fish catch and prompted government recommendations against its routine consumption.<sup id="cite_ref-rb-complex_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rb-complex-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bay is crossed by a <a href="/wiki/Dredging" title="Dredging">dredged</a> <a href="/wiki/Channel_(geography)" title="Channel (geography)">channel</a> allowing <a href="/wiki/Ship_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Ship transport">commercial ships</a> to enter the Arthur Kill.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aquatic_species">Aquatic species</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raritan_Bay&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Aquatic species"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Raritan Bay's fish include <a href="/wiki/Striped_bass" title="Striped bass">striped bass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Summer_flounder" title="Summer flounder">fluke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winter_flounder" title="Winter flounder">winter flounder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bluefish" title="Bluefish">bluefish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porgy_(fish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Porgy (fish)">porgy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_sea_bass" title="Black sea bass">black sea bass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smoothhound_shark" class="mw-redirect" title="Smoothhound shark">smoothhound shark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_puffer" title="Northern puffer">northern puffer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Northern_king_fish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northern king fish (page does not exist)">northern king fish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oyster_toadfish" title="Oyster toadfish">oyster toadfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tautog" title="Tautog">tautog</a> and <a href="/wiki/Weakfish" class="mw-redirect" title="Weakfish">weakfish</a>. The crustacean species represented include the <a href="/wiki/Callinectes_sapidus" title="Callinectes sapidus">blue crab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiddler_crab" title="Fiddler crab">fiddler crab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_crab" class="mw-redirect" title="Green crab">green crab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_horseshoe_crab" title="Atlantic horseshoe crab">horseshoe crab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portly_spider_crab" class="mw-redirect" title="Portly spider crab">spider crab</a>. <a href="/wiki/Clam" title="Clam">Clams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mussel" title="Mussel">mussels</a> also live in Raritan Bay.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The bay is a popular destination for <a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">recreational fishing</a> due to its proximity to the densely populated areas of <a href="/wiki/Central_Jersey" title="Central Jersey">Central Jersey</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raritan_Bay&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_New_York-New_Jersey_Harbor_Estuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary">Geography of New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_life_of_New_York-New_Jersey_Harbor_Estuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine life of New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary">Marine life of New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Sound" title="Long Island Sound">Long Island Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Bay" title="Jamaica Bay">Jamaica Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_New_York_Bay" title="Lower New York Bay">Lower New York Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_New_York_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper New York Bay">Upper New York Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Harbor" title="New York Harbor">New York Harbor</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raritan_Bay&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rb-complex-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rb-complex_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rb-complex_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rb-complex_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rb-complex_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rb-complex_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rb-complex_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nctc.fws.gov/pubs5/web_link/text/rb_form.htm">"Raritan Bay - Sandy Hook Bay Complex"</a>. <i>nctc.fws.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nctc.fws.gov&rft.atitle=Raritan+Bay+-+Sandy+Hook+Bay+Complex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnctc.fws.gov%2Fpubs5%2Fweb_link%2Ftext%2Frb_form.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaritan+Bay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-geologyNPS-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-geologyNPS_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-geologyNPS_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrank" class="citation web cs1">Frank, Dave. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://3dparks.wr.usgs.gov/nyc/moraines/raritanbay.htm">"Geology of National Parks - Geologic History of Raritan Bay"</a>. <i>3dparks.wr.usgs.gov</i>. National Park Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=3dparks.wr.usgs.gov&rft.atitle=Geology+of+National+Parks+-+Geologic+History+of+Raritan+Bay&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F3dparks.wr.usgs.gov%2Fnyc%2Fmoraines%2Fraritanbay.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaritan+Bay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GeologicHistory-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GeologicHistory_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeologicHistory_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeologicHistory_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeologicHistory_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://3dparks.wr.usgs.gov/nyc/morraines/raritanbay.htm">Geologic History of Raritan Bay</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060923233758/http://3dparks.wr.usgs.gov/nyc/morraines/raritanbay.htm">Archived</a> 2006-09-23 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> from the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of the Interior">U.S. Department of the Interior</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Geological_Survey" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Geological Survey">U.S. Geological Survey</a>, accessed June 24, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReynolds2006" class="citation news cs1">Reynolds, Joe (April 27, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060509002210/http://ahherald.com/oaktrail/2006/oot060427_pcbs_raritan.htm">"Don't Eat the Fish: PCBs in the Raritan Bay"</a>. <i>Atlantic Herald</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ahherald.com/oaktrail/2006/oot060427_pcbs_raritan.htm">the original</a> on May 9, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atlantic+Herald&rft.atitle=Don%27t+Eat+the+Fish%3A+PCBs+in+the+Raritan+Bay&rft.date=2006-04-27&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fahherald.com%2Foaktrail%2F2006%2Foot060427_pcbs_raritan.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaritan+Bay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raritan_Bay&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Raritan_Valley" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Raritan_Valley_navigation" title="Template:Raritan Valley navigation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Raritan_Valley_navigation" title="Template talk:Raritan Valley navigation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Raritan_Valley_navigation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Raritan Valley navigation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Raritan_Valley" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Raritan Valley</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Geography" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_New_Jersey" title="Geography of New Jersey">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raritan_River" title="Raritan River">Raritan River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Branch_Raritan_River" title="North Branch Raritan River">North Branch Raritan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Branch_Raritan_River" title="South Branch Raritan River">South Branch Raritan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millstone_River" title="Millstone River">Millstone River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Brook" title="Green Brook">Green Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Brook" title="Lawrence Brook">Lawrence Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_River_(Raritan_River_tributary)" title="South River (Raritan River tributary)">South River</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raritan Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raritan_Bayshore" title="Raritan Bayshore">Raritan Bayshore</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Raritan River crossing"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg/200px-Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg/300px-Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg/400px-Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3034" data-file-height="2023" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Central_communities" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central communities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Amboys" title="The Amboys">The Amboys</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perth_Amboy,_New_Jersey" title="Perth Amboy, New Jersey">Perth Amboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Amboy,_New_Jersey" title="South Amboy, New Jersey">South Amboy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Brunswicks" title="The Brunswicks">The Brunswicks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Brunswick,_New_Jersey" title="East Brunswick, New Jersey">East Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick,_New_Jersey" title="New Brunswick, New Jersey">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Brunswick,_New_Jersey" title="North Brunswick, New Jersey">North Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Brunswick,_New_Jersey" title="South Brunswick, New Jersey">South Brunswick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedminster,_New_Jersey" title="Bedminster, New Jersey">Bedminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branchburg,_New_Jersey" title="Branchburg, New Jersey">Branchburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton,_New_Jersey" title="Clinton, New Jersey">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flemington,_New_Jersey" title="Flemington, New Jersey">Flemington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Brook_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Green Brook Township, New Jersey">Green Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matawan,_New_Jersey" title="Matawan, New Jersey">Matawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middletown_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Middletown Township, New Jersey">Middletown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millstone,_New_Jersey" title="Millstone, New Jersey">Millstone Borough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millstone_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Millstone Township, New Jersey">Millstone Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Plainfields" title="The Plainfields">The Plainfields</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plainfield,_New_Jersey" title="Plainfield, New Jersey">Plainfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Plainfield,_New_Jersey" title="North Plainfield, New Jersey">North Plainfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Plainfield,_New_Jersey" title="South Plainfield, New Jersey">South Plainfield</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raritan,_New_Jersey" title="Raritan, New Jersey">Raritan Borough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raritan_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Raritan Township, New Jersey">Raritan Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_River,_New_Jersey" title="South River, New Jersey">South River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Larger-sized_communities(over_25,000_in_2020)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Larger-sized communities<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(over 25,000 in <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bernards_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Bernards Township, New Jersey">Bernardsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgewater_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Bridgewater Township, New Jersey">Bridgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Windsor,_New_Jersey" title="East Windsor, New Jersey">East Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edison,_New_Jersey" title="Edison, New Jersey">Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Township,_Somerset_County,_New_Jersey" title="Franklin Township, Somerset County, New Jersey">Franklin Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freehold_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Freehold Township, New Jersey">Freehold Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsborough_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Hillsborough Township, New Jersey">Hillsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Township,_Mercer_County,_New_Jersey" title="Lawrence Township, Mercer County, New Jersey">Lawrenceville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manalapan_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Manalapan Township, New Jersey">Manalapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlboro_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Marlboro Township, New Jersey">Marlboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_Township,_Middlesex_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Olive_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Mount Olive Township, New Jersey">Mount Olive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Bridge_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Old Bridge Township, New Jersey">Old Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscataway,_New_Jersey" title="Piscataway, New Jersey">Piscataway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeton,_New_Jersey" title="Princeton, New Jersey">Princeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayreville,_New_Jersey" title="Sayreville, New Jersey">Sayreville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Windsor,_New_Jersey" title="West Windsor, New Jersey">West Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodbridge_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Woodbridge Township, New Jersey">Woodbridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Smaller-sized_communities(10,000_to_25,000_in_2020)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Smaller-sized communities<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(10,000 to 25,000 in <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Aberdeen Township, New Jersey">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Heights,_New_Jersey" title="Berkeley Heights, New Jersey">Berkeley Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bound_Brook,_New_Jersey" title="Bound Brook, New Jersey">Bound Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Clinton Township, New Jersey">Clinton Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freehold_Borough,_New_Jersey" title="Freehold Borough, New Jersey">Freehold Borough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazlet,_New_Jersey" title="Hazlet, New Jersey">Hazlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Park,_New_Jersey" title="Highland Park, New Jersey">Highland Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holmdel_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Holmdel Township, New Jersey">Holmdel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopewell_Township,_Mercer_County,_New_Jersey" title="Hopewell Township, Mercer County, New Jersey">Hopewell Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manville,_New_Jersey" title="Manville, New Jersey">Manville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metuchen,_New_Jersey" title="Metuchen, New Jersey">Metuchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex,_New_Jersey" title="Middlesex, New Jersey">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Montgomery Township, New Jersey">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plainsboro_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Plainsboro Township, New Jersey">Plainsboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Readington_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Readington Township, New Jersey">Readington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_Plains,_New_Jersey" title="Scotch Plains, New Jersey">Scotch Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville,_New_Jersey" title="Somerville, New Jersey">Somerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_Township,_Union_County,_New_Jersey" title="Springfield Township, Union County, New Jersey">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summit,_New_Jersey" title="Summit, New Jersey">Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Township,_New_Jersey" title="Warren Township, New Jersey">Warren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_New_Jersey" title="List of counties in New Jersey">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hunterdon_County,_New_Jersey" title="Hunterdon County, New Jersey">Hunterdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercer_County,_New_Jersey" title="Mercer County, New Jersey">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_New_Jersey" title="Middlesex County, New Jersey">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_County,_New_Jersey" title="Morris County, New Jersey">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_County,_New_Jersey" title="Somerset County, New Jersey">Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_County,_New_Jersey" title="Union County, New Jersey">Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Jersey" title="History of New Jersey">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lenape" title="Lenape">Lenape</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raritan_people" title="Raritan people">Raritans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navesink_tribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Navesink tribe">Navesinks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_history_of_New_Jersey" title="Colonial history of New Jersey">Colonial history of New Jersey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown_Tract" title="Elizabethtown Tract">Elizabethtown Tract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monmouth_Tract" title="Monmouth Tract">Monmouth Tract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Highway_(Charleston_to_Boston)" title="King's Highway (Charleston to Boston)">King's Highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nassau_Hall" title="Nassau Hall">Nassau Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Queens" title="Old Queens">Queen's College</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Princeton" title="Battle of Princeton">Battle of Princeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Millstone" title="Battle of Millstone">Battle of Millstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monmouth" title="Battle of Monmouth">Battle of Monmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_Inn_(Englishtown,_New_Jersey)" title="Village Inn (Englishtown, New Jersey)">Village Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlebrook_encampment" title="Middlebrook encampment">Middlebrook encampment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jockey_Hollow" title="Jockey Hollow">Jockey Hollow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockingham_(house)" title="Rockingham (house)">Rockingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Rock_State_Park" title="Washington Rock State Park">Washington Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Hall" title="Ross Hall">Ross Hall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_and_Raritan_Canal" title="Delaware and Raritan Canal">Delaware and Raritan Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox%E2%80%93Porter_Resolution" title="Knox–Porter Resolution">Knox–Porter Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateway_National_Recreation_Area" title="Gateway National Recreation Area">Gateway National Recreation Area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Hancock,_New_Jersey" title="Fort Hancock, New Jersey">Fort Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Hook_Light" title="Sandy Hook Light">Sandy Hook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Weapons_Station_Earle" title="Naval Weapons Station Earle">Naval Weapons Station Earle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Trump_National_Golf_Club_Bedminster" title="Trump National Golf Club Bedminster">'Summer White House'</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bedminster,_New_Jersey" title="Bedminster, New Jersey">Bedminster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Raritan_River_Bridge,_Highland_Park,_NJ.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="link=Portal:"><img alt="link=Portal:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg/20px-Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg/30px-Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg/40px-Raritan_River_Bridge%2C_Highland_Park%2C_NJ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3034" data-file-height="2023" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2907148#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2907148#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2907148#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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