[Interview] Counterterrorism expert Thomas Renard: ‘Everyone is struggling to identify how to best respond to extremism’

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href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/disarmament-and-non-proliferation-training-in-times-of-renewed-nuclear-unpredictability/">Disarmament and non-proliferation training in times of renewed nuclear unpredictability</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/recording-asser-live-webinar-counter-terrorism-the-law-a-forever-and-anywhere-war/">[Recording] Asser live webinar ‘Counter-terrorism & the law: A forever and anywhere war’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-s-counter-terrorism-brief-on-a-forever-and-anywhere-war/">Asser’s Counter-Terrorism Brief on: A ‘Forever and Anywhere War’?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/sign-up-now-disarmament-and-non-proliferation-of-weapons-of-mass-destruction-training-programme/">[SIGN UP NOW] Disarmament and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction training programme</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/sign-up-now-for-our-upcoming-training-courses/">Sign up now for our upcoming training courses</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/sign-up-now-summer-law-programme-on-international-criminal-law-international-legal-comparative-approaches-to-counter-terrorism/">[SIGN UP NOW] Summer law programme on international criminal law & international legal & comparative approaches to counter-terrorism</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/how-to-respond-to-sexual-terrorism/">How to respond to ‘sexual terrorism’?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/deadline-extended-for-applications-research-positions-in-ethics-and-law-of-military-ai/">Deadline extended for applications research positions in ethics and law of military AI</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-the-counter-productiveness-of-deprivation-of-nationality-as-a-national-security-measure/">Blog post: ‘The counter-productiveness of deprivation of nationality as a national security measure’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/event-nationality-deprivation-in-the-era-of-rohingya-genocide-and-isis-fighters/">[EVENT] Nationality deprivation in the era of Rohingya genocide and ISIS fighters</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/sign-up-now-online-advanced-summer-programme-on-terrorism-countering-terrorism-and-the-rule-of-law/">[SIGN UP NOW] Online advanced summer programme on terrorism, countering terrorism and the rule of law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/save-the-date-10th-advanced-summer-programme-on-terrorism-countering-terrorism-and-the-rule-of-law/">SAVE THE DATE: 10th Advanced summer programme on terrorism, countering terrorism and the rule of law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/training-on-prosecution-and-adjudication-of-international-and-transnational-crimes-in-tanzania/">Training on prosecution and adjudication of international and transnational crimes in Tanzania</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publications-asser-researcher-chukwuma-okoli-publishes-on-private-international-law-in-nigeria/">[New publications] Asser researcher Chukwuma Okoli publishes on private international law in Nigeria</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/international-law-for-public-interest/">International law for public interest</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/what-is-an-inclusive-city-asser-academic-director-janne-nijman-spoke-on-amsterdam-seminar/">What is an inclusive city? Asser academic director Janne Nijman spoke on Amsterdam seminar</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/pax-moot-court-competition-brings-international-law-students-to-the-hague/">Pax moot court competition brings international law students to The Hague</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-prof-richard-english-does-terrorism-work/">Blog: Prof. Richard English - Does terrorism work?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-global-europe-project-launched/">New ‘Global Europe’ project launched</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-lethal-autonomous-weapons-war-crimes-and-the-convention-on-conventional-weapons/">Blog: Lethal autonomous weapons, war crimes, and the Convention on Conventional Weapons</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-nominations-for-the-max-van-der-stoel-human-rights-award/">Call for nominations for the Max van der Stoel Human Rights Award</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/backstage-of-transnational-law/">Backstage of transnational law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/continuing-the-chinese-european-dialogue-on-world-order/">Continuing the Chinese-European dialogue on world order</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/register-now-a-special-event-with-philippe-couvreur-on-the-role-of-registrar-of-the-international-court-of-justice/">Register now: A special event with Philippe Couvreur on the role of Registrar of the International Court of Justice</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/nine-scholarships-available-for-the-disarmament-and-non-proliferation-of-weapons-of-mass-destruction-training-programme/">Nine scholarships available for the disarmament and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction training programme</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-president-hirsch-ballin-presents-a-report-on-human-rights-and-sustainable-development/">Asser president Hirsch Ballin presents a report on human rights and sustainable development</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/fifa-and-human-rights-symposium-kicked-off-on-verfassungsblog/">‘FIFA and Human Rights’ symposium kicked off on Verfassungsblog</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/will-a-dutch-man-who-fought-in-syria-be-stripped-of-his-citizenship/">Will a Dutch man who fought in Syria be stripped of his citizenship?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/annual-report-2018/">Annual report 2018</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-law-and-governance-of-a-global-city-17th-century-amsterdam/">[Call for Papers] Law and governance of a global city: 17th-century Amsterdam</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/what-sports-law-tells-you-about-transnational-law/">What sports law tells you about transnational law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-outsourcing-the-management-of-terrorism-suspects-to-other-countries/">Blog post: Outsourcing the management of terrorism suspects to other countries</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-contributions-city-reports-on-international-law/">Call for Contributions: City reports on International Law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-dynamic-between-terrorism-and-counter-terrorism-and-the-quest-for-legitimacy-in-the-eyes-of-the-public/">The dynamic between terrorism and counter-terrorism and the quest for legitimacy in the eyes of the public</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-city-branding-and-human-rights-a-win-win-combination/">Blog post: City-branding and human rights: a win-win combination?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/in-quest-of-liberty-justice-and-peace-a-new-biography-on-asser-s-private-and-public-life/">In quest of liberty, justice, and peace: a new biography on Asser’s private and public life</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-changing-nature-of-courtroom-evidence/">The changing nature of courtroom evidence</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/prosecuting-international-and-transnational-crimes-requires-domestic-capacity-asser-trains-magistrates-from-french-speaking-african-countries/">Prosecuting international and transnational crimes requires domestic capacity: Asser trains magistrates from french-speaking African countries</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/dr-oliver-meier-to-address-the-impact-of-us-russian-relations-on-arms-control-at-the-wmd-training-programme/">Dr Oliver Meier to address the impact of US - Russian relations on arms control at the WMD training programme</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/register-for-the-third-islj-international-sports-law-conference/">Register for the third ISLJ International Sports Law Conference</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/honoring-the-life-and-work-of-nobel-peace-prize-winner-tobias-asser/">Honoring the life and work of Nobel Peace Prize winner Tobias Asser</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/save-the-date-rule-of-law-challenges-and-prospects-in-albania-and-north-macedonia/">SAVE THE DATE: ‘Rule of law challenges and prospects in Albania and North Macedonia’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-renovated-asser-institute-building-officially-open/">The renovated Asser Institute building officially open</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/launching-the-global-europe-project-the-transparency-of-the-global-dimension-of-eu-law/">Launching the Global Europe project: The transparency of the global dimension of EU law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/international-day-of-democracy-the-impact-of-memory-laws-on-democracy/">#International Day of Democracy: The impact of memory laws on democracy</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/save-the-date-2020-winter-academy-on-artificial-intelligence-international-law/">SAVE THE DATE: 2020 Winter Academy on Artificial Intelligence & International law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/isljconf19-transfer-systems-in-international-sports/">#ISLJConf19: Transfer systems in international sports</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-cases-added-to-the-international-crimes-database/">New cases added to the International Crimes Database</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/eu-trade-agreements-and-the-duty-to-respect-human-rights-abroad/">EU trade agreements and the duty to respect human rights abroad</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/an-interview-with-human-rights-defender-dilip-chakma-in-india-chakma-s-are-a-minority-in-all-aspects/">An interview with human rights defender Dilip Chakma: “In India Chakma’s are a minority in all aspects”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-on-the-illegality-of-the-turkish-offensive-in-syria/">Blog post: On the illegality of the Turkish offensive in Syria</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/imagining-justice-bringing-together-lawyers-and-artists/">Imagining Justice: bringing together lawyers and artists</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-a-nobel-peace-prize-for-africa-but-what-about-the-other-half-of-the-story/">Blog post: A Nobel Peace Prize for Africa, but what about the other half of the story?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/sign-up-now-for-our-one-week-course-on-eu-external-policies-and-asylum/">Sign up now for our one week course on EU external policies and asylum</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/ongoing-call-for-contributions-city-reports-on-international-law/">Ongoing call for contributions: City reports on international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/international-humanitarian-law-an-often-forgotten-field-of-law-in-the-fight-against-terrorism/">International humanitarian law: an often forgotten field of law in the fight against terrorism</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/why-doping-in-sport-cant-be-stopped/">Why doping in sport can't be stopped</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-programme-for-the-winter-academy-on-artificial-intelligence-and-international-law-is-out/">The programme for the winter academy on artificial intelligence and international law is out</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-deprivation-of-nationality-of-dutch-is-fighters-is-counter-productive/">Blog: ‘Deprivation of nationality of Dutch IS fighters is counter-productive’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/cleer-winter-academy-eu-external-relations-and-instruments/">CLEER Winter Academy: EU external relations and instruments</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-citizenship-deprivation-will-strengthen-is-jihadist-ideology/">Blog: Citizenship deprivation will strengthen IS jihadist ideology</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/renowned-legal-scholar-prof-anne-orford-will-deliver-the-fifth-annual-tmc-asser-lecture/">Renowned legal scholar Prof. Anne Orford will deliver the Fifth Annual T.M.C. Asser Lecture</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/minister-sigrid-kaag-to-give-a-short-speech-at-the-fifth-annual-asser-lecture-2019/">Minister Sigrid Kaag to give a short speech at the Fifth Annual Asser Lecture 2019</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/season-8-of-asser-s-educational-programme-for-lebanese-students-begins-today/">Season 8 of Asser’s educational programme for Lebanese students begins today</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-researchers-contribute-to-a-study-on-radical-and-hate-speakers-in-europe/">Asser researchers contribute to a study on radical and hate speakers in Europe</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/speaker-anne-orford-international-treaties-can-and-must-be-more-social/">Speaker Anne Orford: “International treaties can and must be more social”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-researcher-wins-nwo-grant-to-research-ai-in-the-military-context/">Asser researcher wins NWO grant to research AI in the military context</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/watch-the-full-annual-asser-lecture-by-prof-anne-orford/">Watch the full annual Asser lecture by Prof. Anne Orford</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/tv-interview-asser-researcher-speaks-about-frances-role-in-sahel-and-counter-terrorism-policies/">[TV Interview] Asser researcher speaks about France's role in Sahel and counter-terrorism policies</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/local-high-school-students-snap-photos-of-the-hague-for-human-rights-day/">Local high school students snap photos of The Hague for Human Rights Day</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-researcher-appointed-as-member-of-the-permanent-commission-on-human-rights-of-the-dutch-advisory-council-on-international-affairs/">Asser researcher appointed as member of the permanent commission on Human Rights of the Dutch Advisory Council on International Affairs</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-role-of-cities-in-international-law-researchers-meet-in-berlin/">The role of cities in international law: researchers meet in Berlin</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-aung-san-suu-kyi-to-defend-myanmar-before-the-icj-in-gambia-s-rohingya-genocide-case/">[Interview] Aung San Suu Kyi to defend Myanmar before the ICJ in Gambia’s Rohingya genocide case</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/student-scholarships-available-for-the-doing-business-right-winter-academy/">Student scholarships available for the Doing Business Right winter academy</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-we-need-a-private-international-law-system-that-responds-to-the-interests-of-africa/">Blog: ‘We need a private international law system that responds to the interests of Africa’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-year-s-resolutions-our-winter-academies-will-help-you-stay-ahead-in-2020/">New Year’s resolutions? Our winter academies will help you stay ahead in 2020</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-urban-politics-of-human-rights/">Call for papers: Urban politics of human rights</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/global-justice-cinema-where-film-meets-international-justice/">Global Justice Cinema: where film meets international justice</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-asser-researcher-berenice-boutin-now-is-the-moment-to-govern-and-regulate-artificial-intelligence/">[Interview] Asser researcher Berenice Boutin: “Now is the moment to govern and regulate Artificial Intelligence”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/start-your-year-with-high-quality-trainings-in-the-fields-of-ai-and-international-law-and-business-and-human-rights/">Start your year with high quality trainings in the fields of AI and international law and business and human rights.</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/event-the-autonomy-of-the-eu-legal-order/">Event: The autonomy of the EU legal order</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-does-artificial-intelligence-exacerbate-injustices/">Blog: Does Artificial Intelligence exacerbate injustices?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/2020-joining-forces-in-an-eventful-year/">2020: Joining forces in an eventful year</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-asser-press-publication-human-dignity-and-human-security-in-times-of-terrorism/">New Asser Press publication: “Human Dignity and Human Security in Times of Terrorism”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-using-big-data-for-research-and-policy-analysis-how-to-deal-with-legal-and-ethical-concerns/">[Blog] Using big data for research and policy analysis: how to deal with legal and ethical concerns?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/symposium-and-book-presentation-on-responses-to-the-threats-to-the-judiciarys-independence/">Symposium and book presentation on responses to the threats to the judiciary's independence</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-curtailing-the-surveillance-state-anticipating-the-syri-case-judgment/">[Interview]: Curtailing the surveillance state? Anticipating the SyRI case judgment</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/conference-migration-deals-and-their-damaging-effects/">[Conference] Migration deals and their damaging effects</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/finnish-ambassador-to-speak-in-an-upcoming-asser-lecture/">Finnish Ambassador to speak in an upcoming Asser lecture</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/global-justice-cinema-eight-films-on-finding-truth-and-fighting-for-justice/">Global Justice Cinema: Eight Films on Finding Truth and Fighting for Justice</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-researcher-writes-on-the-practice-of-the-african-court-and-the-others/">Asser researcher writes on the practice of the African Court and the ‘others’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/same-sex-spouses-should-enjoy-the-same-free-movement-rights-according-to-eu-law/">Same-sex spouses should enjoy the same free movement rights according to EU law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-researcher-writes-on-the-limits-of-digital-surveillance-for-het-parool/">Asser researcher writes on the limits of digital surveillance for Het Parool</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-in-the-news-mexico-s-amnesty-proposal-an-instrument-of-transitional-justice/">[Asser in the news] Mexico’s amnesty proposal: an instrument of transitional justice?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-project-strengthening-the-role-of-legal-actors-in-the-defence-of-the-right-to-freedom-of-expression/">New project: ‘Strengthening the role of legal actors in the defence of the right to freedom of expression’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/covid-19-update-on-tmc-assers-2020-summer-programmes/">Covid-19 update on T.M.C. Asser's 2020 summer programmes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/analysis-covid-19-us-border-closure-breaches-international-refugee-law/">[Analysis] COVID-19: US border closure breaches International Refugee Law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-migration-revisiting-the-legal-nature-of-the-2016-eu-turkey-statement/">[Blog post] Migration: Revisiting the legal nature of the 2016 EU-Turkey statement</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-democracy-in-times-of-crisis-the-state-of-emergency-in-hungary/">[Blog post] Democracy in times of crisis: The state of emergency in Hungary</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-grotius-rule-of-law-and-the-human-sense-of-justice-an-afterword-to-martti-koskenniemi-s-foreword-by-janne-e-nijman/">[New publication] Grotius’ ‘rule of law’ and the human sense of justice; an afterword to Martti Koskenniemi’s foreword by Janne E. Nijman</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-rendering-advice-on-constitutional-issues-in-modern-polities/">[Call for papers] Rendering advice on constitutional issues in modern polities</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/sign-up-now-international-public-interest-advocacy-online-workshop/">[SIGN UP NOW] International public interest advocacy online workshop</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/imagining-justice-visiting-physical-sites-of-international-law/">Imagining Justice: visiting physical sites of international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-the-beginning-of-the-end-of-a-home-grown-african-court/">[Blog post] The beginning of the end of a home-grown African Court?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-belarusian-response-to-the-covid-19-pandemic-denial-and-a-military-parade/">The Belarusian response to the COVID-19 pandemic: Denial and a military parade</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-researcher-receives-royal-netherlands-academy-of-arts-and-sciences-early-career-partnership-award/">Asser researcher receives Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Early Career Partnership Award</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/sign-up-now-for-our-upcoming-training-courses-1/">Sign up now for our upcoming training courses (1)</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/recording-ombudsperson-to-the-un-security-council-isil-da-esh-and-al-qaida-sanctions-committee-protecting-human-rights-in-counterterrorism-sanctions/">[Recording] Ombudsperson to the UN Security Council ISIL (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida sanctions committee: protecting human rights in counterterrorism sanctions</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/2020-asil-hague-institutions-hosted-the-closing-plenary-on-cities-and-international-law/">[2020 ASIL] Hague institutions hosted the closing plenary on cities and international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-paper-planetary-boundaries-intra-muros-cities-and-the-anthropocene/">[New paper] Planetary boundaries intra muros: Cities and the Anthropocene</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-international-lawyer-nawi-ukabiala-use-international-norms-and-dispute-settlement-to-promote-racial-justice-in-the-us/">[Interview] International lawyer Nawi Ukabiala: 'Use international norms and dispute settlement to promote racial justice in the US'</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-in-the-media-asser-researcher-león-castellanos-jankiewicz-us-measures-against-migrants-undercut-international-refugee-law/">[Asser in the media] Asser researcher León Castellanos-Jankiewicz: ‘US measures against migrants undercut international refugee law’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/online-round-table-trading-emerging-technologies-security-and-human-rights-perspectives/">[Online round table] Trading emerging technologies: Security and human rights perspectives</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/op-ed-janne-nijman-mary-o-connell-a-better-world-emerging-from-the-crises/">[Op-ed] Janne Nijman & Mary O’Connell: ‘A Better World Emerging from the Crises’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-researcher-co-authors-guiding-principles-on-shared-responsibility-in-international-law/">Asser researcher co-authors Guiding Principles on Shared Responsibility in International Law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/analysis-asser-researcher-uladzislau-belavusau-reflects-on-the-political-crisis-in-belarus/">[Analysis] Asser researcher Uladzislau Belavusau reflects on the political crisis in Belarus</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/opening-academic-year-academic-director-janne-nijman-it-is-the-human-mind-that-may-evoke-change/">[Opening academic year] Academic director Janne Nijman: ‘It is the human mind that may evoke change’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/lex-sportiva-new-publications-on-transnational-sports-law/">[Lex sportiva] New publications on transnational sports law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/online-round-table-trading-emerging-technologies-security-and-human-rights-perspectives/">[Online round table] Trading emerging technologies: Security and human rights perspectives</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/in-memoriam-antoinette-wessels-voorbij/">In Memoriam: Antoinette Wessels-Voorbij</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/online-expert-panel-missing-persons-and-memory-governance/">[Online expert panel] Missing persons and memory governance</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publications-what-kind-of-future-for-eu-uk-relations-in-the-post-brexit-world/">[New publications] What kind of future for EU-UK relations in the post-Brexit world?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/recording-online-expert-panel-on-missing-persons-and-memory-governance/">[Recording] Online expert panel on missing persons and memory governance</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/online-symposium-informalisation-of-the-eu-s-external-action-in-the-fields-of-migration-and-asylum/">[Online symposium] Informalisation of the EU’s external action in the fields of migration and asylum</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/winter-academy-alert-save-the-date-for-our-2021-winter-academies/">[Winter academy alert!] Save the date for our 2021 winter academies</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/a-new-way-forward-tmc-asser-instituut-and-university-of-amsterdam-join-forces-in-the-hague/">A new way forward: T.M.C. Asser Instituut and University of Amsterdam join forces in The Hague</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-constitutionalism-under-stress-essays-in-honour-of-wojciech-sadurski/">[New publication] ‘Constitutionalism under Stress: Essays in Honour of Wojciech Sadurski’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/registration-open-online-winter-academy-doing-business-right/">[Registration open] Online winter academy ‘Doing business right'</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/just-peace-month-online-lecture-bigdatalk-talking-and-learning-about-the-use-of-big-data-in-security-practices/">[Just Peace Month] Online lecture ‘Bigdatalk: talking and learning about the use of Big Data in security practices’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/phd-defence-the-legal-governance-of-historical-memory-and-the-rule-of-law/">[PhD defence] ‘The legal governance of historical memory and the rule of law’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/consolidation-the-netherlands-network-for-human-rights-research-now-incorporates-all-dutch-law-schools/">[Consolidation] ‘The Netherlands Network for Human Rights Research now incorporates all Dutch law schools’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/register-now-online-winter-academy-artificial-intelligence-and-international-law/">[Register now] Online winter academy 'Artificial intelligence and international law'</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-beyond-ai-ethics-international-law-and-human-rights-for-ai-accountability/">[Blog] Beyond AI ethics: International law and human rights for AI accountability</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-empirical-socio-legal-methods-in-international-law-masterclass/">Call for Papers: Empirical & Socio-legal Methods in International Law Masterclass</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/tmc-asser-instituut-invites-researchers-to-jointly-submit-applications-for-a-marie-curie-individual-fellowship/">T.M.C. Asser Instituut invites researchers to jointly submit applications for a Marie Curie Individual Fellowship</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/ai-and-blockchain-for-good-harnessing-technological-developments-to-foster-trust/">AI and Blockchain for Good: Harnessing Technological Developments to Foster Trust</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/meeting-the-four-freedoms-award-laureates-in-the-hague/">Meeting the Four Freedoms Award Laureates in The Hague</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/expert-roundtable-on-citizenship-stripping-as-a-security-measure/">Expert Roundtable on Citizenship Stripping as a Security Measure</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-long-term-risk-of-non-repatriation-of-dutch-children-in-syrian-camps/">The Long-Term Risk of non-Repatriation of Dutch Children in Syrian Camps</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/tmc-asser-instituut-becomes-a-member-of-the-common-effort-community/">T.M.C. Asser Instituut becomes a member of the Common Effort Community</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-interdisciplinary-doctoral-symposium-democracy-rule-of-law-and-human-rights-in-europe-and-the-world-in-times-of-contestation/">Call for Papers: "Interdisciplinary Doctoral Symposium Democracy, Rule of Law and Human Rights in Europe and the World in Times of Contestation"</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/exploring-states-obligations-to-prevent-gross-human-rights-violations/">Exploring States’ Obligations to Prevent Gross Human Rights Violations</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/a-tale-of-two-cities-the-roles-of-geneva-and-the-hague-two-un-cities-in-driving-global-justice/">“A Tale of Two Cities”: The Roles of Geneva and The Hague, two UN cities, in Driving Global Justice</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/policy-brief-the-case-for-a-court-of-arbitration-for-business-and-human-rights/">Policy Brief: ‘The Case for a Court of Arbitration for Business and Human Rights’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-federal-rainbow-dream-on-free-movement-of-gay-spouses-under-eu-law/">The Federal Rainbow Dream: On Free Movement of Gay Spouses Under EU Law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-10th-anniversary-cleer-conference-eu-external-relations-tackling-global-challenges/">Call for Papers - 10th Anniversary CLEER Conference: ‘EU external relations: Tackling global challenges?’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-researcher-receives-funding-for-a-project-on-autonomous-military-technologies-and-state-responsibility/">Asser Researcher Receives Funding for a Project on Autonomous Military Technologies and State Responsibility</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/moving-forward-five-years-after-the-rana-plaza-collapse/">Moving Forward Five Years after the Rana Plaza Collapse</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/last-surviving-nuremberg-prosecutor-benjamin-ferencz-visits-the-asser-institute/">Last Surviving Nuremberg Prosecutor Benjamin Ferencz Visits the Asser Institute</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-yearbook-of-international-humanitarian-law-vol-21-2018/">Call for Papers - Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law, Vol. 21 (2018)</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/seventh-annual-phd-day/">Seventh Annual PhD Day</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/eu-trade-and-investment-policy/">EU Trade and Investment Policy</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-applications-fellowship-programme-for-human-rights-defenders-2018/">Call for Applications: Fellowship Programme For Human Rights Defenders 2018</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/excesses-of-counter-terrorism-and-constitutional-review-in-france-the-example-of-the-criminalisation-of-the-consultation-of-websites/">Excesses of Counter-Terrorism and Constitutional Review in France: The Example of the Criminalisation of the Consultation of Websites</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-right-to-fair-trial-and-the-rise-of-sensitive-intelligence-evidence-responses-from-the-dutch-and-uk-courts/">The Right to Fair Trial and the Rise of Sensitive Intelligence Evidence: Responses from the Dutch and UK Courts</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/launch-of-second-asser-verfassungsblog-symposium-courts-and-counter-terrorism/">Launch of Second Asser-Verfassungsblog Symposium: Courts and Counter-Terrorism</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/policy-brief-street-renaming-after-the-change-of-political-regime/">Policy Brief: Street Renaming after the Change of Political Regime</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-institute-participates-in-the-closing-plenary-of-asil-s-112th-annual-meeting/">Asser Institute participates in the closing plenary of ASIL’s 112th Annual Meeting</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-s-first-winter-academy-on-artificial-intelligence-and-international-law/">Asser’s First Winter Academy on Artificial Intelligence and International Law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/looking-back-at-the-book-launch-shifting-perspectives-on-the-european-public-prosecutor-s-office/">Looking back at the Book launch: Shifting Perspectives on the European Public Prosecutor’s Office</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-the-international-legality-of-economic-activities-in-occupied-territories/">Call for Papers: The International Legality of Economic Activities in Occupied Territories?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-congo-tribunal-where-art-and-international-law-meet/">The Congo Tribunal – Where Art and International Law Meet</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/cleer-organises-its-4th-summer-school-in-brussels-on-the-law-of-eu-external-relations/">CLEER Organises its 4th Summer School in Brussels on the Law of EU External Relations</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/cleer-lecture-on-the-brexit-conundrum-at-maastricht-university-in-brussels/">CLEER Lecture on 'The Brexit conundrum' at Maastricht University in Brussels</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-asser-institute-co-organises-a-memory-laws-workshop-with-berkeley-law-school/">The Asser Institute Co-organises a Memory Laws Workshop with Berkeley Law School</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/back-home-action-plans-under-the-spotlight-in-tunis/">Back Home Action Plans under the Spotlight in Tunis</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-institute-researchers-participate-in-making-a-difference-conference-hosted-by-the-dutch-ministry-of-justice-and-security/">Asser Institute Researchers Participate in “Making a Difference" Conference Hosted by the Dutch Ministry of Justice and Security</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/morality-and-responsibility-of-rulers/">Morality and Responsibility of Rulers</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-asser-institute-signed-a-new-agreement-with-the-university-of-amsterdam/">The Asser Institute Signed a New Agreement with the University of Amsterdam</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/on-the-interaction-between-transnational-crimes-and-international-crimes/">On the Interaction between Transnational Crimes and International Crimes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/launching-the-website-of-the-global-city-challenges-trust-and-the-role-of-law-project/">Launching the Website of ‘The Global City: Challenges, Trust and the Role of Law’ Project</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/meet-the-world-join-the-asser-institute-at-the-movies-that-matter-festival-2018/">‘Meet the World’ – Join the Asser Institute at the Movies that Matter Festival 2018</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/international-and-transnational-criminal-law-training-course-marks-new-asser-cassese-initiative-cooperation/">International and Transnational Criminal Law Training Course Marks New Asser - Cassese Initiative Cooperation</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/inside-the-mladic-trial-a-report/">Inside the Mladic Trial: A Report</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/looking-back-at-human-dignity-and-human-security-in-times-of-terrorism-conference/">Looking Back at Human Dignity and Human Security in Times of Terrorism Conference</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/highlights-contemporary-constraints-on-the-waging-of-war-a-tribute-to-prof-frits-kalshoven/">Highlights: "Contemporary Constraints on the Waging of War: A Tribute to Prof. Frits Kalshoven”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/restoring-trust-in-the-rule-of-law/">Restoring Trust in the Rule of Law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-s-academic-director-to-teach-history-of-the-idea-of-international-law-in-geneva/">Asser’s Academic Director to teach ‘History of the Idea of International Law’ in Geneva</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-foreign-fighters-tab-launched-on-the-international-crimes-database/">New Foreign Fighters Tab Launched on the International Crimes Database</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/connecting-research-and-practice-at-the-doing-business-right-winter-academy/">Connecting Research and Practice at the 'Doing Business Right Winter Academy'</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/university-of-amsterdam-s-rector-underlines-the-importance-of-the-asser-institute-s-international-focus-in-research/">University of Amsterdam’s Rector Underlines the Importance of the Asser Institute’s International Focus in Research</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/concluding-asser-verfassungsblog-symposium-final-thoughts-on-mnemonic-constitutionalism/">Concluding Asser - Verfassungsblog Symposium: Final Thoughts on Mnemonic Constitutionalism</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/memory-wars-of-commercial-worth-the-legal-status-of-the-red-star-in-hungary/">Memory Wars of Commercial Worth – The Legal Status of the Red Star in Hungary</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/rule-of-law-in-poland-memory-politics-and-belarusian-minority/">Rule of Law in Poland: Memory Politics and Belarusian Minority</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-eu-turkey-statement-or-the-refugee-deal-the-extra-legal-deal-of-extraordinary-times/">The EU-Turkey Statement or the ‘Refugee Deal’: The Extra-Legal Deal of Extraordinary Times?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-asser-institute-successfully-wraps-up-its-first-international-lawyering-in-a-public-interest-summer-programme/">The Asser Institute Successfully Wraps up its First International Lawyering in a Public Interest Summer Programme</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-institute-researcher-new-editor-in-chief-of-the-security-and-human-rights-monitor/">Asser Institute researcher new Editor in Chief of the Security and Human Rights Monitor</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/disarmament-and-non-proliferation-training-in-times-of-new-nuclear-arms-race/">Disarmament and non-proliferation training in times of new nuclear arms race</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/countering-terrorism-within-the-rule-of-law/">Countering Terrorism within the Rule of Law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/we-re-hiring-three-vacancies-at-the-asser-institute/">We’re hiring! Three vacancies at the Asser Institute</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-in-the-press-on-the-chagos-island-case/">Asser in the press on the Chagos Island case</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/three-asser-memory-law-researchers-will-speak-in-budapest/">Three Asser memory law researchers will speak in Budapest</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/how-to-remember-the-past-book-launch-and-workshop-on-memory-laws/">How to remember the past? Book launch and workshop on memory laws</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/european-court-dismisses-claims-by-speed-skater/">European court dismisses claims by speed skater</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/international-court-of-justice-condemns-us-for-iran-sanctions/">International Court of Justice condemns US for Iran sanctions</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/using-technology-to-disrupt-land-grabbing/">Using technology to disrupt land-grabbing</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/publish-or-perish-why-legal-scholars-need-to-embrace-social-media/">Publish or perish: Why legal scholars need to embrace social media</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-athletes-case-results-in-more-transparency-in-sports/">New blog: Athletes' case results in more transparency in sports</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/making-transnational-corporations-comply-with-human-rights-standards/">Making transnational corporations comply with human rights standards</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-terrorism-cases-and-working-papers-added-to-the-international-crimes-database/">New terrorism cases and working papers added to the International Crimes Database</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/annual-lecture-2018-international-law-and-the-far-right-reflections-on-law-and-cynicism/">Annual Lecture 2018: International law and the far right - Reflections on law and cynicism</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/how-advanced-technologies-could-help-international-law/">How advanced technologies could help international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/international-law-and-the-far-right-reflections-on-law-and-cynicism/">International law and the far right: Reflections on law and cynicism</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/save-the-date-winter-academy-on-artificial-intelligence-and-international-law/">Save the date: Winter academy on artificial intelligence and international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/online-inter-university-programme-on-international-criminal-law-and-procedure-for-lebanese-students/">Online inter-university programme on international criminal law and procedure for Lebanese students</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/children-of-is-parents-should-be-repatriated-for-long-term-security-reasons/">‘Children of IS parents should be repatriated for long-term security reasons’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/five-scholarships-for-artificial-intelligence-and-international-law-winter-academy/">Five scholarships for Artificial Intelligence and International Law Winter Academy</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/león-castellanos-jankiewicz-wins-david-d-caron-prize/">León Castellanos-Jankiewicz wins David D. Caron Prize</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-eu-anti-discrimination-law-beyond-gender/">New Publication: EU Anti-Discrimination Law Beyond Gender</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-impact-of-sensitive-intelligence-evidence-on-court-systems/">New publication: Impact of sensitive intelligence evidence on court systems</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/monkey-code-wins-asser-institute-land-grabbing-challenge-at-the-hackathon-for-peace-justice-and-security/">Monkey Code wins Asser Institute land grabbing challenge at the Hackathon for Peace, Justice and Security</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/football-leaks-asser-in-the-press/">Football Leaks: Asser in the press</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/brexit-withdrawal-agreement-not-much-space-for-an-autonomous-uk-trade-policy/">Brexit withdrawal agreement: ‘Not much space for an autonomous UK trade policy’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/pros-and-cons-of-eu-cooperation-on-migration/">Pros and cons of EU cooperation on migration</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-policy-brief-counter-terrorism-measures-need-to-be-evaluated/">New policy brief: ‘Counter-terrorism measures need to be evaluated’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-why-eu-member-states-should-not-hesitate-to-vote-for-the-global-compact-for-migration/">Blog: ‘Why EU member states should not hesitate to vote for the Global Compact for Migration’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/preliminary-programme-out-now-artificial-intelligence-international-law-winter-academy/">Preliminary programme out now! Artificial Intelligence & International Law Winter Academy</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/icl-tcl-training-marks-successful-asser-antonio-cassese-initiative-collaboration/">ICL-TCL Training Marks Successful Asser Antonio Cassese Initiative Collaboration</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/five-student-scholarships-available-for-the-doing-business-right-winter-academy/">Five student scholarships available for the Doing Business Right Winter Academy</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/ernst-hirsch-ballin-spoke-on-the-freedom-of-speech/">Ernst Hirsch Ballin spoke on the Freedom of Speech</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/uk-and-australia-combatting-modern-slavery-in-the-supply-chain-of-businesses/">'UK and Australia combatting modern slavery in the supply chain of businesses'</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/exclusive-interview-with-martti-koskenniemi-on-international-law-and-the-rise-of-the-far-right/">Exclusive interview with Martti Koskenniemi on international law and the rise of the far right</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-who-is-responsible-for-the-war-crimes-of-killer-robots/">Blog: Who is responsible for the war crimes of killer robots?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/excellent-midterm-review-for-the-tmc-asser-instituut/">Excellent midterm review for the T.M.C. Asser Instituut</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/inter-university-programme-the-most-important-investment-the-stl-could-have-made-in-promoting-justice-accountability-and-the-rule-of-law-in-lebanon/">[Inter-university programme] ‘The most important investment the STL could have made in promoting justice, accountability and the rule of law in Lebanon’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/preliminary-programme-out-sign-up-now-for-our-online-summer-law-programme-on-international-criminal-law-and-counter-terrorism/">[Preliminary programme out] Sign up now for our online summer law programme on international criminal law and counter-terrorism</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-imagining-solidarity-in-international-and-regional-law/">[Call for papers] ‘Imagining solidarity in international and regional law’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/preliminary-programme-out-top-speakers-for-our-advanced-summer-programme-on-terrorism-countering-terrorism-and-the-rule-of-law/">[Preliminary programme out] Top speakers for our advanced summer programme on terrorism, countering terrorism and the rule of law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/sign-up-now-online-workshop-international-public-interest-advocacy/">[Sign up now] Online workshop: International public interest advocacy</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/masterclass-asser-masterclass-on-investing-in-africa-will-give-you-a-private-international-law-toolkit/">[Masterclass] Asser Masterclass on investing in Africa will give you a private international law toolkit</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-the-opening-statement-of-the-prosecution-in-international-criminal-trials/">[New publication] The opening statement of the prosecution in international criminal trials</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-autonomous-weapons-and-the-responsibility-gap-in-the-icc-statute/">[New publication] Autonomous weapons and the responsibility gap in the ICC statute</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/stakeholder-report-more-attention-needed-to-local-stakeholders-and-affected-communities-engagement-with-the-icc/">[Stakeholder report] More attention needed to local stakeholders' and affected communities' engagement with the ICC</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/preliminary-programme-out-sign-up-for-the-international-public-interest-advocacy-workshop/">[Preliminary programme out] Sign up for the international public interest advocacy workshop</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/updated-programme-asser-masterclass-on-investing-in-africa/">[Updated programme] Asser Masterclass on investing in Africa</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-artificial-intelligence-the-new-frontier-of-business-and-human-rights/">[Call for papers] Artificial intelligence: the new frontier of business and human rights</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/10th-annual-phd-day-a-safe-space-for-phd-researchers-to-test-ideas/">[10th Annual PhD Day] 'A safe space for PhD researchers to test ideas'</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/knaw-award-for-asser-associate-fellow-dimitri-van-den-meerssche/">KNAW award for Asser Associate Fellow Dimitri Van Den Meerssche</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-with-asser-researcher-chukwuma-okoli/">[Interview] with Asser researcher Chukwuma Okoli</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-scl-lecture-visualising-the-mladic-trial/">[New SCL lecture] Visualising the Mladic Trial</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/global-city-project-defence-day-for-two-asser-phd-researchers/">[Global City project] Defence day for two Asser PhD researchers</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/in-the-media-final-ruling-for-mladić-on-genocide-conviction/">[In the media] Final ruling for Mladić on genocide conviction</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/programme-and-registration-fourth-annual-nnhrr-conference-human-rights-and-vulnerability/">[Programme and registration] Fourth annual NNHRR conference: human rights and vulnerability</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-researcher-in-parliamentary-roundtable-on-the-threat-of-repatriation-of-former-is-fighters/">Asser researcher in parliamentary roundtable on the threat of repatriation of former IS fighters</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-method-methodology-and-critique-in-international-law/">[Call for papers] Method, methodology and critique in international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/one-year-of-matra-strengthening-ukraines-capacity-to-investigate-and-prosecute-international-crimes/">One year of MATRA: strengthening Ukraine's capacity to investigate and prosecute international crimes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-researcher-rumyana-van-ark-the-legacy-of-the-war-on-terror/">[Interview] Researcher Rumyana van Ark: The legacy of the War on Terror</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-researcher-rebecca-mignot-mahdavi-states-have-used-the-law-as-a-tool-to-legitimise-intrusive-security-practices-which-put-individual-liberties-at-risk/">[Interview] Researcher Rebecca Mignot-Mahdavi: "“States have used the law as a tool to legitimise intrusive security practices, which put individual liberties at risk”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-scholarships-available-join-our-disarmament-and-non-proliferation-of-weapons-of-mass-destruction-training/">[ New scholarships available ] Join our Disarmament and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction training</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/annual-report-2020-the-year-of-zoom/">[Annual Report 2020] ‘The year of Zoom’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-podcast-lethal-autonomous-weapons-10-things-we-want-to-know/">[New podcast] Lethal Autonomous Weapons: 10 things we want to know</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-ecocide-as-an-international-crime-perspectives-from-domestic-and-international-law/">Call for papers: ‘Ecocide as an international crime: Perspectives from domestic and international law’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/opening-academic-year-janne-nijman-sharing-ideas-to-help-shape-a-post-covid-world/">[Opening Academic Year] Janne Nijman: 'Sharing ideas to help shape a post-COVID world'</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/research-collaboration-between-the-hofstad-lyceum-and-the-tmc-asser-instituut/">Research collaboration between the Hofstad Lyceum and the T.M.C. Asser Instituut</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/apply-now-nuffic-mena-scholarships-for-law-courses-for-young-professionals-2021/">[Apply now] Nuffic MENA scholarships for law courses for young professionals 2021</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/thilo-marauhn-appointed-extraordinary-professor-of-international-arms-control-law/">Thilo Marauhn appointed Extraordinary Professor of International Arms Control Law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-ernst-hirsch-ballin-the-ability-to-see-us-in-them-is-decisive-for-the-whole-issue-of-migration/">[Interview] Ernst Hirsch Ballin: ‘The ability to see ‘us in them’ is decisive for the whole issue of migration’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/global-city-project-phd-defence-day-for-miha-marčenko-on-the-role-of-the-city-in-international-law-and-governance/">[Global City project] PhD defence day for Miha Marčenko on the role of the city in international law and governance</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/updated-programme-the-art-and-international-law-laboratory-experiences-of-justice/">[Updated programme] The art and international law laboratory: experiences of justice</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-the-cambridge-companion-to-hugo-grotius/">[New publication] The Cambridge Companion to Hugo Grotius</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/researcher-sofia-stolk-we-should-never-stop-asking-questions-and-art-can-be-a-way-to-do-that/">Researcher Sofia Stolk: “We should never stop asking questions, and art can be a way to do that”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-war-crimes-units-legislative-organisational-and-technical-lessons/">[New publication] War crimes units: Legislative, organisational and technical lessons</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-essay-urban-legacies-of-911-an-international-law-perspective/">[New essay] Urban Legacies of 9/11: An International Law Perspective</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-essay-monopolisation-concentrated-power-and-economic-embeddings-in-machine-learning-artificial-intelligence/">[New essay] ‘Monopolisation - Concentrated power and economic embeddings in Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-asser-researcher-christophe-paulussen-it-was-an-interview-with-benjamin-ferencz-which-pushed-me-to-the-field-of-international-criminal-law/">[Interview] Asser researcher Christophe Paulussen: It was an interview with Benjamin Ferencz, which pushed me to the field of international criminal law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-symposium-delocalized-justice-the-delocalization-of-corporate-accountability-for-human-rights-violations-originating-in-africa/">[Blog Symposium] Delocalized Justice: the delocalization of corporate accountability for human rights violations originating in Africa</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/annual-lecture-europe-s-role-in-the-world-player-or-plaything/">[Annual Lecture] Europe’s role in the world: player or plaything?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/research-paper-evidentiary-and-charging-matters-in-the-context-of-prosecuting-returning-foreign-fighters-before-national-courts/">[Research paper] ‘Evidentiary and charging matters in the context of prosecuting returning foreign fighters before national courts’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-research-handbook-on-international-law-and-cities/">[New publication] Research handbook on international law and cities</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-law-and-ethics-of-ai-in-the-public-sector/">[Call for papers] Law and ethics of AI in the public sector</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-research-project-the-challenge-of-populist-memory-politics-for-europe-towards-effective-responses-to-militant-legislation-on-the-past-memocracy/">[New research project] ‘The challenge of populist memory politics for Europe: Towards effective responses to militant legislation on the past (MEMOCRACY)’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/apply-now-nuffic-okp-scholarships-for-law-courses-for-young-professionals-2021/">[Apply now] Nuffic OKP scholarships for law courses for young professionals 2021</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/policy-brief-third-revised-draft-treaty-on-business-and-human-rights-comments-and-recommendations/">[Policy brief] ‘Third Revised Draft Treaty on Business and Human Rights: Comments and Recommendations’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/research-handbook-launch-cities-and-their-global-networks/">[Research handbook launch] Cities and their global networks</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-researcher-thilo-marauhn-re-elected-to-the-international-humanitarian-fact-finding-commission/">Asser researcher Thilo Marauhn re-elected to the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-in-the-media-security-risks-can-be-better-managed-if-the-people-detained-in-syrian-camps-are-repatriated-in-a-controlled-manner/">[Asser in the media] ‘Security risks can be better managed if the people detained in Syrian camps are repatriated in a controlled manner’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-brigid-laffan-on-the-geo-political-threats-facing-europe-the-rest-of-the-world-is-tired-of-our-preaching/">[Interview] Brigid Laffan on the geo-political threats facing Europe: ‘The rest of the world is tired of our preaching’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-research-paper-family-courts-as-part-of-states-counter-terrorism-toolkit-a-welcome-development-for-the-children-of-ftfs/">[New research paper] ‘Family courts as part of states’ counter-terrorism toolkit: A welcome development for the children of FTFs?’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/max-van-der-stoel-human-rights-award-2021-for-phd-thesis-by-yousra-benfquih-a-book-that-challenges-readers-to-react/">Max van der Stoel Human Rights Award 2021 for PhD thesis by Yousra Benfquih: ‘A book that challenges readers to react’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-asser-researcher-tarik-gherbaoui-with-my-research-i-aim-to-reach-the-decision-makers-in-the-field-of-counter-terrorism/">[Interview] Asser researcher Tarik Gherbaoui: ‘With my research I aim to reach the decision-makers in the field of counter-terrorism’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/op-ed-christophe-paulussen-nationality-deprivation-in-the-interest-of-national-security-on-symbolism-irrationality-and-the-evaluation-of-a-flawed-law/">[Op-ed] Christophe Paulussen: “Nationality deprivation in the interest of national security: on symbolism, irrationality and the 'evaluation' of a flawed law”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/goals-for-the-new-year-register-now-for-our-2022-training-programmes/">Goals for the New Year? Register now for our 2022 training programmes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-tomasz-zurek-soon-autonomous-military-devices-will-appear-in-almost-every-conflict-in-the-world/">[Interview] Tomasz Zurek: ‘Soon, autonomous military devices will appear in almost every conflict in the world'</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-visiting-fellow-in-parliamentary-roundtable-on-afghanistan/">Asser visiting fellow in parliamentary roundtable on Afghanistan</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/a-new-year-and-a-new-research-agenda-rethinking-public-interests-in-international-and-european-law/">A new year and a new research agenda: ‘Rethinking public interests in international and European law’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/online-symposium-decolonisation-and-human-rights-the-dutch-case/">[Online symposium] Decolonisation and human rights - the Dutch case</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-global-europe-book-series-the-informalisation-of-the-eus-external-action-in-the-field-of-migration-and-asylum/">[New publication] Global Europe Book Series: The informalisation of the EU's external action in the field of migration and asylum</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-shifting-the-narrative-not-weapons-but-technologies-of-warfare/">[New blog post] ‘Shifting the narrative: not weapons, but technologies of warfare’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/research-funding-for-elsa-lab-defence-project-on-military-artificial-intelligence/">Research funding for ELSA Lab Defence project on military artificial intelligence</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/janne-nijman-new-chair-supervisory-board-of-the-world-press-photo-foundation/">Janne Nijman new chair supervisory board of the World Press Photo Foundation</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/inter-university-programme-kicking-off-the-tenth-season-of-the-lebanon-lecture-series/">[Inter-university programme] Kicking off the tenth season of the Lebanon Lecture Series</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/freedom-of-expression-in-the-olympic-movement/">Freedom of expression in the Olympic Movement</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-asser-researcher-sadjad-soltanzadeh-it-is-important-for-us-to-study-human-activities-as-much-as-we-study-any-technological-object/">[Interview] Asser researcher Sadjad Soltanzadeh: ‘It is important for us to study human activities as much as we study any technological object’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/icl-tcl-training-strengthening-domestic-capacity-to-prosecute-international-and-transnational-crimes-in-africa/">[ICL-TCL training] Strengthening domestic capacity to prosecute international and transnational crimes in Africa</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-attack-on-ukraine-violates-the-most-fundamental-rules-of-international-law/">The attack on Ukraine violates the most fundamental rules of international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-arms-control-law-chair-thilo-marauhn-we-need-to-adapt-current-arms-control-law-to-address-new-political-challenges/">[Interview] Arms control law chair Thilo Marauhn: ‘We need to adapt current arms control law to address new political challenges’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/event-the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine-international-legal-implications/">[Event] The Russian invasion of Ukraine: International legal implications</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/upcoming-publication-janne-e-nijman-bertha-von-suttner-locating-international-law-in-novel-and-salon/">[Upcoming publication] Janne E. Nijman: ‘Bertha von Suttner: Locating international law in novel and salon’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-victoria-kerr-de-bunking-the-role-of-international-law-in-the-ukrainian-conflict/">[New blog post] Victoria Kerr: ‘De-bunking the role of international law in the Ukrainian conflict’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/expert-opinion-in-ep-hearing-on-international-human-rights-law-in-occupied-territories/">Expert opinion in EP hearing on international human rights law in occupied territories</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/annual-lecture-europe-in-the-world-the-emergence-of-collective-power-europe-by-prof-brigid-laffan/">[Annual Lecture] 'Europe in the world: The emergence of Collective Power Europe?' by Prof. Brigid Laffan</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asil-2022-closing-plenary-on-arms-control-and-the-peace-movement/">[ASIL 2022] Closing plenary on arms control and the peace movement</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/report-the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine-international-legal-implications/">[Report] The Russian invasion of Ukraine: International legal implications</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/in-the-media-op-ed-victoria-kerr-international-law-might-appear-powerless-in-the-russian-war-in-ukraine-but-it-is-not/">[In the media] Op-ed Victoria Kerr: ‘International law might appear powerless in the Russian war in Ukraine, but it is not’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/announcement-this-is-a-good-time-to-step-down-the-asser-institute-is-well-positioned-for-the-future/">[Announcement] “This is a good time to step down, the Asser Institute is well-positioned for the future.”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-león-castellanos-jankiewicz-mexico-is-serious-about-making-the-us-gun-industry-accountable-for-the-damages-caused-with-their-products/">[Interview] León Castellanos-Jankiewicz: ‘Mexico is serious about making the US gun industry accountable for the damages caused with their products’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/shelter-city-2022-call-for-applications-for-asser-institute-visiting-research-fellowship/">[Shelter City 2022] Call for applications for Asser Institute visiting research fellowship</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/book-review-james-patrick-sexton-reviews-law-making-and-legitimacy-in-international-humanitarian-law-edited-by-heike-krieger-and-jonas-pueschmann/">[Book review] James Patrick Sexton reviews ‘Law-Making and Legitimacy in International Humanitarian Law’, edited by Heike Krieger and Jonas Püschmann</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-limiting-the-veto-in-the-face-of-jus-cogens-violations-russia-s-latest-ab-use-of-the-veto/">[New blog post] Limiting the veto in the face of jus cogens violations: Russia’s latest (ab)use of the veto</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-research-papers-artificial-intelligence-and-warfare/">[New research papers] Artificial intelligence and warfare</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/out-now-video-and-interview-with-prof-brigid-laffan-on-europe-and-the-hardening-of-geopolitics/">[Out now] Video and interview with Prof. Brigid Laffan on Europe and the hardening of geopolitics</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/out-now-video-on-mexico-v-smith-wesson-discussion-of-transnational-civil-litigation-and-corporate-liability-for-gun-violence/">[Out now] Video on Mexico v Smith & Wesson discussion of transnational civil litigation and corporate liability for gun violence</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-city-report-on-buenos-aires-as-an-international-actor/">[New publication] City report on Buenos Aires as an international actor</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/vesna-lazić-elected-to-scientific-council-of-the-european-association-of-private-international-law-eapil/">Vesna Lazić elected to Scientific Council of the European Association of Private International Law (EAPIL)</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/international-law-summer-schools-learn-something-new-this-summer/">[International law summer schools] Learn something new this summer</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/football-feminism-addressing-discrimination-through-fifa-s-structures-rules-and-governance-practices/">Football feminism: Addressing discrimination through FIFA’s structures, rules, and governance practices</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-daniela-heerdt-human-rights-abuses-in-mega-sporting-events/">[Interview] Daniela Heerdt human rights abuses in mega sporting events</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/farewell-academic-director-janne-e-nijman-i-will-dearly-miss-the-institute-and-all-with-whom-i-collaborated-so-well-throughout-the-years/">Farewell academic director Janne E. Nijman: ‘I will dearly miss the Institute and all with whom I collaborated so well throughout the years’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-book-legal-constraints-on-eu-member-states-in-drafting-accession-agreements/">[New book] Legal constraints on EU member states in drafting accession agreements</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-transgender-women-athlete-exclusion-in-disguise/">[New blog post] Transgender women athlete exclusion in disguise</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-asser-researcher-stavros-evdokimos-pantazopoulos/">[Interview] Asser researcher Stavros Evdokimos Pantazopoulos</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/annual-report-2021-rethinking-public-interests/">[Annual Report 2021] Rethinking public interests</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/cranes-for-our-future-disarmament-and-non-proliferation-for-a-nuclear-free-future/">Cranes for our future – Disarmament and non-proliferation for a nuclear-free future</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-the-european-union-s-sanctioning-of-russian-military-officers-an-urge-for-caution/">[Blog post] The European Union’s sanctioning of Russian military officers: an urge for caution</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/video-conversation-the-fight-for-human-rights-lessons-from-afghanistan-with-asser-institute-fellow-nader-nadery/">[Video conversation] 'The fight for human rights: Lessons from Afghanistan' with Asser Institute fellow Nader Nadery</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/nuclear-disarmament-thea-coventry-codifying-legal-norms-might-not-prevent-nuclear-war-but-it-does-help-to-create-a-world-where-nuclear-weapons-are-unthinkable/">[Nuclear disarmament] Thea Coventry: ‘Codifying legal norms might not prevent nuclear war, but it does help to create a world where nuclear weapons are unthinkable’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/podcast-the-hague-courts-dialogue-series-podcast-short-conversations-with-experts-on-international-law-about-ongoing-cases/">[Podcast] The Hague Courts Dialogue Series podcast: short conversations with experts on international law about ongoing cases</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/international-human-rights-law-urgent-legal-reforms-needed-for-victims-of-gun-violence/">[International human rights law] Urgent legal reforms needed for victims of gun violence</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/research-handbook-on-international-law-and-cities-awarded-2022-esil-collaborative-book-prize/">Research Handbook on International Law and Cities awarded 2022 ESIL Collaborative Book Prize</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-state-responsibility-in-relation-to-military-applications-of-ai/">[New publication] State responsibility in relation to military applications of AI</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/research-paper-in-or-out-of-control-criminal-responsibility-of-programmers-of-autonomous-vehicles-and-autonomous-weapon-systems/">[Research paper] In or out of control? Criminal responsibility of programmers of autonomous vehicles and autonomous weapon systems</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/forum-of-legal-actors-supporting-and-defending-the-right-to-freedom-of-expression-and-the-safety-of-journalists/">[Forum of Legal Actors] Supporting and defending the right to freedom of expression and the safety of journalists</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-research-paper-magnitsky-sanctions-fail-to-serve-human-rights-or-security/">[New research paper] 'Magnitsky sanctions fail to serve human rights or security'</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/international-humanitarian-law-taylor-woodcock-we-should-focus-on-the-effects-of-decision-making-aids-tasking-intelligence-surveillance-and-reconnaissance-technology-in-warfare/">[International Humanitarian Law] Taylor Woodcock: ‘We should focus on the effects of decision-making aids, tasking, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance technology in warfare’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/sports-law-zooming-in-on-the-international-olympic-committee-s-strategic-framework-on-human-rights/">[Sports law] Zooming in on the International Olympic Committee’s strategic framework on human rights</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/save-the-date-spring-academy-on-artificial-intelligence-and-international-law/">[Save the date] Spring Academy on artificial intelligence and international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-shelter-city-research-fellow-ali-erdog-an-european-institutions-can-be-very-patriarchal/">[Interview] Shelter City research fellow Ali Erdoğan: “European institutions can be very patriarchal”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-project-the-potential-of-big-data-technologies-for-the-due-diligence-process/">[New project] The potential of big data technologies for the due diligence process</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/conference-strengthening-ukraine-s-national-efforts-to-investigate-prosecute-adjudicate-and-report-on-international-crimes/">[Conference] Strengthening Ukraine’s national efforts to investigate, prosecute, adjudicate and report on international crimes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/research-publication-how-qatar-s-migrant-workers-became-fifa-s-problem-a-transnational-struggle-for-responsibility/">[Research publication] How Qatar’s migrant workers became FIFA’s problem: a transnational struggle for responsibility</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/database-now-live-the-foreign-terrorist-fighters-knowledge-hub/">[Database] Now live: The Foreign Terrorist Fighters Knowledge Hub</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/research-publication-retaining-human-responsibility-in-the-development-and-use-of-autonomous-weapon-systems/">[Research publication] Retaining human responsibility in the development and use of autonomous weapon systems</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/goals-for-the-new-year-register-now-for-our-2023-training-programmes/">Goals for the New Year? Register now for our 2023 training programmes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-virginie-rouas-european-companies-are-polluting-the-global-south-without-facing-full-legal-consequences/">[Interview] Virginie Rouas: ‘European companies are polluting the Global South without facing full legal consequences’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/podcast-ukrainian-war-crimes-trials-with-ukrainian-judges/">[Podcast]: ‘Ukrainian war crimes trials with Ukrainian judges’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-remedy-and-redress-for-sport-related-human-rights-abuses/">[New publication] Remedy and redress for sport-related human rights abuses</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/addressing-human-rights-abuse-in-sport/">Addressing human rights abuse in sport</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-military-artificial-intelligence-and-the-principle-of-distinction-a-state-responsibility-perspective/">[New publication] Military artificial intelligence and the principle of distinction: A state responsibility perspective</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-responsible-international-aid-for-populations-ruled-by-illegitimate-regimes-an-indicative-framework-for-afghanistan/">[New publication] Responsible international aid for populations ruled by illegitimate regimes: An indicative framework for Afghanistan</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/holiday-downtime-catch-up-on-10-international-law-podcasts/">[Holiday downtime?] Catch up on 10 international law podcasts</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-james-patrick-sexton-there-is-a-contrast-between-the-dedication-to-prosecute-war-crimes-and-the-practice/">[Interview] James Patrick Sexton: ‘There is a contrast between the dedication to prosecute war crimes and the practice’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-reparations-are-problematic-to-negotiated-international-criminal-justice/">[Blog post] ‘Reparations are problematic to negotiated (international criminal) justice’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-constitutions-of-value-law-governance-and-political-ecology/">[New publication] Constitutions of value - Law, governance, and political ecology</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-rule-of-law-and-constitutionalisation-of-memory-politics-in-hungary-and-russia/">[New publication] Rule of law and constitutionalisation of memory politics in Hungary and Russia</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/public-panel-how-to-design-and-regulate-for-effective-human-machine-interaction-in-military-ai/">[Public panel] How to design and regulate for effective human-machine interaction in military AI?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/annual-tmc-asser-lecture-the-right-to-food-violence-and-food-systems-by-michael-fakhri/">[Annual T.M.C. Asser Lecture] ‘The right to food, violence, and food systems’ by Michael Fakhri</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-the-principle-of-solidarity-international-and-eu-law-perspectives/">[New publication] The principle of solidarity - International and EU law perspectives</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-the-road-to-justice-lessons-for-ukraine-from-the-ussr-invasion-of-afghanistan/">[New publication] The road to justice: Lessons for Ukraine from the USSR invasion of Afghanistan</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/law-clinic-access-to-justice-for-gun-violence/">[Law clinic] Access to justice for gun violence</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-three-lessons-on-the-regulation-of-autonomous-weapons-systems-to-ensure-accountability-for-violations-of-ihl/">[New blog] Three lessons on the regulation of autonomous weapons systems to ensure accountability for violations of IHL</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-the-eu-as-a-regional-international-organisation/">[Call for Papers] The EU as a Regional International Organisation</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-overlooking-continuity-national-minorities-and-timeless-human-rights/">[New publication] Overlooking continuity: National minorities and ‘timeless’ human rights</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-ecocide-the-environment-as-victim-at-the-international-criminal-court/">[New publication] Ecocide: the environment as victim at the International Criminal Court</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/shelter-city-call-for-applications-for-asser-institute-visiting-research-fellowship/">[Shelter City] Call for applications for Asser Institute visiting research fellowship</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asil-2023-pursuing-global-accountability-for-atrocity-crimes-needs-challenges-and-the-path-forward/">[ASIL 2023] Pursuing global accountability for atrocity crimes: Needs, challenges and the path forward</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-book-chapter-autonomous-weapons/">[New book chapter] Autonomous weapons</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-visiting-researcher-kathleen-claussen-sustainability-trade-and-security-go-hand-in-hand/">[Interview] Visiting researcher Kathleen Claussen: ‘Sustainability, trade and security go hand in hand’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-accountability-in-the-hague-recent-developments-in-dutch-core-international-crimes-cases-regarding-the-syrian-civil-war/">[Blog post] Accountability in The Hague: Recent developments in Dutch core international crimes cases regarding the Syrian civil war</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-returning-foreign-fighters-responses-legal-challenges-and-ways-forward/">[New publication] Returning foreign fighters: Responses, legal challenges and ways forward</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/public-consultation-principles-and-values-for-military-artificial-intelligence/">[Public consultation] Principles and values for military artificial intelligence</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/last-call-annual-tmc-asser-lecture-the-right-to-food-violence-and-food-systems/">[Last call] Annual T.M.C. Asser Lecture "The right to food, violence and food systems"</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/law-not-war-inspiring-international-criminal-law-champion-benjamin-ferencz-1920-2023-will-be-sorely-missed/">‘Law not war’ – Inspiring international criminal law champion Benjamin Ferencz (1920-2023) will be sorely missed</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/adjudicating-international-crimes-ukrainian-judges-visiting-the-netherlands/">[Adjudicating international crimes]: Ukrainian judges visiting the Netherlands</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/addressing-human-rights-abuses-at-mega-sporting-events-a-shared-responsibility-in-theory-and-practice/">Addressing human rights abuses at mega-sporting events—A shared responsibility in theory and practice</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-video-the-right-to-food-violence-and-food-systems-by-michael-fakhri/">[New video] ‘The right to food, violence, and food systems’ by Michael Fakhri</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-the-icc-s-channels-of-communication-icc-defence-perspectives-on-outreach-missions-and-the-right-to-fair-trial/">[New blog post] The ICC’s channels of communication: ICC Defence perspectives on outreach missions and the right to fair trial</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/launch-first-of-its-kind-basic-investigative-standards-for-documenting-international-crimes-in-ukraine/">[Launch] First of its kind basic investigative standards for documenting international crimes in Ukraine</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-including-the-arms-sector-in-the-eu-corporate-due-diligence-directive/">[New blog post] Including the arms sector in the EU Corporate Due Diligence Directive</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/updated-the-foreign-terrorist-fighters-knowledge-hub/">[Updated] The Foreign Terrorist Fighters Knowledge Hub</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-the-european-court-of-human-rights-and-its-search-for-common-values/">[New publication] The European Court of Human Rights and its search for common values</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-international-sports-law-journal-conference/">[Call for papers] International Sports Law Journal conference</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/exchange-meeting-focuses-on-conflict-related-crimes-against-children-in-ukraine/">Exchange meeting focuses on conflict-related crimes against children in Ukraine</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-enforcing-sanctions-violations-to-fund-the-reconstruction-of-ukraine/">[New blog post] Enforcing sanctions violations to fund the reconstruction of Ukraine</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/unleash-your-potential-with-our-transformative-summer-programmes/">Unleash your potential with our transformative summer programmes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/prosecuting-international-crimes-in-africa-strengthening-legal-capacities/">Prosecuting international crimes in Africa: Strengthening legal capacities</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/digital-art-exhibition-exposure-solidarity-resistance-photographing-the-daily-life-of-human-rights/">[Digital art exhibition] Exposure, solidarity, resistance: photographing the daily life of human rights</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-tarik-gherbaoui-with-my-research-i-aim-to-reach-the-decision-makers-in-the-field-of-counter-terrorism/">[Interview] Tarik Gherbaoui: ‘With my research I aim to reach the decision-makers in the field of counter-terrorism’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-the-sovereignty-of-sharing-an-interview-with-un-special-rapporteur-michael-fakhri/">[Interview] The sovereignty of sharing: An interview with UN Special Rapporteur Michael Fakhri</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-weaponising-russia-s-memory-law-on-russia-s-anti-war-dissidents/">[New blog post] Weaponising Russia’s memory law: On Russia’s anti-war dissidents</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-many-hands-in-the-black-box-artificial-intelligence-and-the-responsibility-of-international-organisations/">[New publication] Many hands in the black box: Artificial intelligence and the responsibility of international organisations</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-report-finds-major-gaps-in-accountability-for-european-arms-exports/">New report finds major gaps in accountability for European arms exports</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/can-chatgpt-solve-legal-dilemmas-related-to-the-military-use-of-artificial-intelligence/">Can ChatGPT solve legal dilemmas related to the military use of artificial intelligence?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-niki-siampakou-victims-could-be-important-actors-in-counter-terrorism-efforts/">[Interview] Niki Siampakou: ‘Victims could be important actors in counter-terrorism efforts’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/dirty-bombs-and-nuclear-power-plants-how-does-international-law-protect-us-from-nuclear-disaster/">'Dirty bombs' and nuclear power plants: How does international law protect us from nuclear disaster?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/dutch-government-receives-parliamentary-questions-on-european-arms-exports/">Dutch government receives parliamentary questions on European arms exports</a> </li> <li class="current"> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-counterterrorism-expert-thomas-renard-everyone-is-struggling-to-identify-how-to-best-respond-to-extremism/">[Interview] Counterterrorism expert Thomas Renard: ‘Everyone is struggling to identify how to best respond to extremism’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-the-anti-isil-coalition-civilian-harm-and-the-obligation-to-investigate/">[New publication] The Anti-ISIL coalition, civilian harm, and the obligation to investigate</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-lessons-learned-on-addressing-human-rights-abuses-in-qatar/">[New publication] Lessons learned on addressing human rights abuses in Qatar</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-brussels-i-bis-regulation-a-key-legal-instrument-for-unified-eu-private-international-law/">The Brussels I-bis Regulation: A key legal instrument for unified EU private international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-article-addressing-online-terrorist-content-through-the-grammar-of-human-rights-law/">[New article] Addressing online terrorist content through the ‘grammar’ of human rights law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-antoine-duval-human-rights-due-diligence-is-underpinned-by-a-fundamental-double-movement/">[Interview] Antoine Duval: 'Human rights due diligence is underpinned by a fundamental double movement'</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-andrii-nekoliak-the-politics-of-memory-laws-can-be-intense/">[Interview] Andrii Nekoliak: “The politics of memory laws can be intense”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-failures-to-stop-autonomous-weapon-systems-as-a-war-crime/">[New publication] Failures to stop autonomous weapon systems as a war crime?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-video-pursuing-accountability-for-the-crime-of-aggression-against-ukraine/">[New video] Pursuing accountability for the crime of aggression against Ukraine</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/ukrainian-investigators-prosecutors-and-judges-to-visit-the-hague/">Ukrainian investigators, prosecutors and judges to visit The Hague</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-institute-and-vu-amsterdam-launch-research-into-international-task-force-for-crimes-against-journalists/">Asser Institute and VU Amsterdam launch research into international task force for crimes against journalists</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/publication-uneven-progress-in-environmental-protection-in-armed-conflicts/">[Publication] Uneven progress in environmental protection in armed conflicts</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/ukraine-fair-trials-key-to-lasting-justice/">[Ukraine] Fair trials key to lasting justice</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/press-release-quarterly-updates-the-foreign-terrorist-fighters-knowledge-hub/">[Press release] Quarterly Updates: The Foreign Terrorist Fighters Knowledge Hub</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-asser-institute-welcomes-groups-of-ukrainian-investigators-prosecutors-and-judges/">The Asser Institute welcomes groups of Ukrainian investigators, prosecutors and judges</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/registrations-open-spring-academy-on-artificial-intelligence-and-international-law/">[Registrations open] Spring academy on artificial intelligence and international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/christophe-paulussen-appointed-asser-institute-s-acting-academic-director-and-chairperson-of-the-board/">Christophe Paulussen appointed Asser Institute’s acting academic director and chairperson of the board</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-addressing-the-legal-questions-surrounding-eu-s-strategic-autonomy/">[New publication] Addressing the legal questions surrounding EU’s strategic autonomy</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-the-influence-of-ai-decision-support-systems-on-legal-assessments-in-military-targeting/">[New publication] The influence of AI decision-support systems on legal assessments in military targeting</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/un-special-rapporteur-on-right-to-housing-to-visit-the-asser-institute/">UN Special rapporteur on right to housing to visit the Asser Institute</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/the-year-in-review-rethinking-international-law-from-memory-laws-to-ai-and-war-crimes/">[The year in review] Rethinking international law: From Memory Laws to AI and war crimes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/goals-for-the-new-year-save-your-seat-for-our-2024-training-programmes/">Goals for the New Year? Save your seat for our 2024 training programmes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/a-new-management-team-for-the-asser-institute-in-2024/">A new management team for the Asser Institute in 2024</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-shelter-city-research-fellow-omar-piñango-we-are-on-a-path-to-justice/">[Interview] Shelter city research fellow Omar Piñango: “We are on a path to justice”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/landmark-decisions-by-the-court-of-justice-of-the-european-union-will-reshape-transnational-sports-governance/">Landmark decisions by the Court of Justice of the European Union will reshape transnational sports governance</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/is-mandatory-human-rights-and-environmental-due-diligence-a-paper-tiger-lessons-from-the-french-experience/">Is Mandatory Human Rights and Environmental Due Diligence a Paper Tiger? Lessons from the French Experience</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/universities-across-the-mena-region-join-the-inter-university-programme-on-international-criminal-law-and-procedure/">Universities across the MENA region join the inter-university programme on international criminal law and procedure</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-the-legal-implications-of-the-eus-geopolitical-awakening/">[Call for papers] The legal implications of the EU's geopolitical awakening</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-nadia-perrone-we-are-at-a-pivotal-moment-in-defining-new-responsibilities-for-powerful-non-state-actors/">[Interview] Nadia Perrone: ‘We are at a pivotal moment in defining new responsibilities for powerful non-state actors’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/seminar-the-ljubljana-the-hague-convention-international-cooperation-in-fighting-impunity-for-international-crimes/">[Seminar] The Ljubljana – The Hague Convention: International cooperation in fighting impunity for international crimes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/annual-lecture-2024-connection-in-a-divided-world-rethinking-community-in-international-law-by-fleur-johns/">[Annual Lecture 2024] ‘Connection in a divided world: Rethinking ‘community’ in international law’ by Fleur Johns</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/registrations-open-international-law-summer-programme-by-war-crimes-research-office-and-the-asser-institute/">[Registrations open] International law summer programme by War Crimes Research Office and the Asser Institute</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-video-rule-of-law-cluster-in-the-hague/">[New video] Rule of law cluster in The Hague</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-podcast-asser-institute-launches-jurisdictions-international-law-podcast/">[New podcast] Asser Institute launches JurisDictions: International law podcast</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-jonathan-kwik-i-am-bridging-the-gap-between-the-technical-and-the-legal-domains/">[Interview] Jonathan Kwik: "I am bridging the gap between the technical and the legal domains"</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/shelter-city-call-for-applications-for-a-visiting-research-fellowship-at-the-asser-institute-for-human-rights-defenders/">[Shelter City] Call for applications for a visiting research fellowship at the Asser Institute for human rights defenders</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/in-memoriam-michiel-de-rooij-1962-2024/">In Memoriam: Michiel de Rooij (1962 -2024)</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/phd-researcher-jonathan-kwik-sparks-debate-on-ai-weapons-with-groundbreaking-dissertation/">PhD Researcher Jonathan Kwik sparks debate on AI weapons with groundbreaking dissertation</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/quarterly-update-the-foreign-terrorist-fighters-knowledge-hub/">[Quarterly update] The Foreign Terrorist Fighters Knowledge Hub</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-is-wearing-sunglasses-an-attack-obligations-under-international-humanitarian-law-for-anti-ai-countermeasures/">[New Publication] Is wearing sunglasses an attack? Obligations under international humanitarian law for anti-AI countermeasures</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/law-clinic-seeking-transparency-on-arms-exports/">[Law clinic] Seeking transparency on arms exports</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-dutch-court-halts-f-35-aircraft-deliveries-to-israel/">[Blog post] Dutch court halts F-35 aircraft deliveries to Israel</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-the-french-due-diligence-law-after-five-years-of-implementation-in-effectiveness-un-accountability-and-in-justice/">[Call for Papers] The French due diligence law after five years of implementation: (in)effectiveness, (un)accountability and (in)justice?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/ukrainian-members-of-parliament-and-experts-work-on-the-development-of-a-comprehensive-legal-framework-to-address-atrocity-crimes-in-ukraine/">Ukrainian members of parliament and experts work on the development of a comprehensive legal framework to address atrocity crimes in Ukraine</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-julia-mullert-the-foreign-fighter-phenomenon-has-some-unique-challenges-for-policymakers/">[Interview] Julia Mullert: "The foreign fighter phenomenon has some unique challenges for policymakers"</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/connecting-historical-memory-governance-in-latin-america-and-east-asia/">Connecting historical memory governance in Latin America and East Asia</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-course-using-satellite-imagery-as-evidence-in-international-judicial-proceedings/">[New course] Using satellite imagery as evidence in international judicial proceedings</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/mexico-s-cases-against-us-gun-industry-move-forward/">Mexico’s cases against U.S. gun industry move forward</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asil-2024-hague-closing-plenary-confronting-impunity-and-safeguarding-journalists-in-a-global-context/">[ASIL 2024] Hague closing plenary - Confronting impunity and safeguarding journalists in a global context</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-between-crisification-and-legal-resilience-change-and-stability-in-eu-external-relations-law/">[Call for papers] Between crisification and legal resilience: Change and stability in EU external relations law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-performance-or-explainability-a-law-of-war-perspective/">[New Publication] Performance or explainability? A law of war perspective</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/eu-scrutinises-arms-export-controls-as-focus-shifts-to-supply-chain-accountability/">EU scrutinises arms export controls as focus shifts to supply chain accountability</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/dont-miss-out-register-for-the-9th-annual-tmc-asser-lecture-today/">Don't miss out! Register for the 9th Annual T.M.C. Asser Lecture today</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-the-need-for-speed-the-cost-of-unregulated-ai-decision-support-systems-to-civilians/">[Blog post] The ‘need’ for speed – The cost of unregulated AI-Decision Support Systems to civilians</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-general-principles-in-eu-external-relations-law/">[Call for Papers] General principles in EU external relations law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/opiniojuris-interview-with-fleur-johns-on-rethinking-community-in-international-law/">[OpinioJuris] Interview with Fleur Johns on rethinking community in international law</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-podcast-gaza-and-the-international-legal-community-south-africa-v-israel-at-the-icj/">[New podcast] Gaza and the international legal community (?): South Africa v Israel at the ICJ</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/scholarships-netherlands-ministry-of-foreign-affairs-funding-full-scholarships-for-upcoming-wmd-training-programme/">[Scholarships] Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs funding full scholarships for upcoming WMD training programme</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-un-rapporteur-michael-fakhri-on-food-systems-and-structural-violence/">[New publication] UN Rapporteur Michael Fakhri on food systems and structural violence</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/video-fleur-johns-on-rethinking-community-in-international-law/">[Video] Fleur Johns on ‘Rethinking community in international law’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-training-ukrainian-judges-are-offered-specialised-training-on-adjudicating-international-crimes/">[New training] Ukrainian judges are offered specialised training on adjudicating international crimes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-counterterrorism-expert-christophe-paulussen-critisises-citizenship-stripping-for-terrorists-and-calls-for-evidence-based-approach/">[Interview] Counterterrorism expert Christophe Paulussen critisises citizenship stripping for terrorists and calls for evidence-based approach</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/analysis-asser-institute-researcher-león-castellanos-jankiewicz-on-mexico-s-request-to-intervene-in-the-case-against-israel-for-alleged-genocide-in-gaza/">[Analysis] Asser Institute researcher León Castellanos-Jankiewicz on Mexico’s request to intervene in the case against Israel for alleged genocide in Gaza</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-video-asil-hague-closing-panel-on-confronting-impunity-and-safeguarding-journalists/">[New video] ASIL Hague Closing Panel on confronting impunity and safeguarding journalists</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-peace-justice-and-europe-in-the-age-of-geopolitics-phd-workshop-series/">[Call for Papers] Peace, Justice and Europe in the Age of Geopolitics – PhD Workshop Series</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/honouring-a-champion-scl-lecture-series-rebranded-in-honour-of-benjamin-ferencz/">[Honouring a champion] SCL lecture series rebranded in honour of Benjamin Ferencz</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-ebors-latest-issue-insights-into-european-financial-regulation/">[New publication] EBOR's latest issue: Insights into European financial regulation</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/from-classrooms-to-community-hague-students-bridge-peace-justice-disconnect/">From classrooms to community: Hague students bridge peace & justice disconnect</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-institute-panel-explores-ecocide-at-the-third-international-conference-on-environmental-peacebuilding/">Asser Institute panel explores ecocide at the Third International Conference on Environmental Peacebuilding</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/update-new-states-added-to-the-foreign-terrorist-fighters-knowledge-hub/">[Update] New states added to The Foreign Terrorist Fighters Knowledge Hub</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-training-to-boost-capacity-in-tackling-international-crimes/">New training to boost capacity in tackling international crimes</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-antoine-duval-we-have-the-goal-to-steer-the-field-of-transnational-sports-law-to-think-critically-about-its-eurocentricity/">[Interview] Antoine Duval: ‘We have the goal to steer the field of transnational sports law to think critically about its Eurocentricity’</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/icl-tcl-training-empowering-national-judges-and-prosecutors-from-west-africa/">[ICL-TCL training] Empowering national judges and prosecutors from West Africa</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-balancing-military-and-humanitarian-interests-scaling-the-scope-of-autonomous-weapon-attacks/">[New publication] Balancing military and humanitarian interests: Scaling the scope of autonomous weapon attacks</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-hjrls-latest-issue-special-focus-on-the-catalan-secessionist-process/">[New publication] HJRL's latest issue: Special focus on the Catalan secessionist process</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/blog-post-ai-based-targeting-in-gaza-asser-researcher-klonowska-refines-the-debate-on-military-ai/">[Blog post] AI-based targeting in Gaza: Asser researcher Klonowska refines the debate on military AI</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/forthcoming-publication-asser-institute-develops-new-handbook-to-strengthen-ukraines-justice-system/">[Forthcoming publication] Asser Institute develops new handbook to strengthen Ukraine's justice system</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-project-asser-institute-and-uva-launch-project-on-digital-infrastructures-of-sustainability-regulation-digichain/">[New project] Asser Institute and UvA launch project on digital infrastructures of sustainability regulation (DigiChain)</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/shelter-city-2025-call-for-applications-for-asser-institute-visiting-research-fellowship/">[Shelter City 2025] Call for applications for Asser Institute visiting research fellowship</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-ulad-belavusau-on-jewish-history-constitutional-law-citizenship-and-the-role-of-the-never-again-narrative/">[New blog post] Ulad Belavusau on Jewish history, constitutional law, citizenship and the role of the ‘never again’ narrative</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/catch-up-on-your-legal-summer-reading-with-our-high-quality-journals/">Catch up on your legal summer reading with our high-quality journals</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/enrol-now-unleash-your-potential-master-the-essentials-of-non-proliferation-in-our-expert-led-training-programme/">[Enrol now] Unleash your potential: master the essentials of non-proliferation in our expert-led training programme</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-private-international-law-and-the-making-of-human-rights/">[New publication] Private international law and the making of human rights</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-new-managing-director-kasper-vrolijk-many-people-i-speak-with-are-surprised-to-learn-we-accomplish-so-much-with-such-a-relatively-small-team/">[Interview] New managing director Kasper Vrolijk: “Many people I speak with are surprised to learn we accomplish so much with such a relatively small team”</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/just-peace-open-day-voices-from-gaza-art-by-children-and-young-adults-living-in-conflict/">[Just Peace Open Day] 'Voices from Gaza' - Art by children and young adults living in conflict</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/public-panel-unpacking-explainability-in-military-artificial-intelligence/">[Public panel] Unpacking explainability in military artificial intelligence</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/un-human-rights-council-italy-urged-to-increase-transparency-and-accountability-for-arms-exports-in-new-report/">[UN Human Rights Council] Italy urged to increase transparency and accountability for arms exports in new report</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/final-call-just-peace-open-day-2024-voices-from-gaza-exhibition-programme-out-now/">[Final call] Just Peace Open Day 2024: ‘Voices from Gaza’ exhibition programme out now</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/policy-brief-the-challenges-of-transitional-justice-in-sri-lanka/">[Policy brief] The challenges of transitional justice in Sri Lanka</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-is-ukraine-finally-breaking-its-24-year-international-criminal-court-commitment-phobia/">[New blog post] Is Ukraine finally breaking its 24-year International Criminal Court commitment phobia?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/asser-institute-seeks-new-academic-director/">Asser Institute seeks new academic director</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/international-crimes-database-new-cases-on-terrorism-sexual-violence-and-cultural-heritage/">[International Crimes Database] New cases on terrorism, sexual violence, and cultural heritage</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-who-are-humans-in-military-artificial-intelligence/">[Call for papers] Who are ‘humans’ in military artificial intelligence?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-the-private-is-political-león-castellanos-jankiewicz-on-human-rights-histories/">[Interview] The private is political: León Castellanos-Jankiewicz on human rights histories</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/foreign-terrorist-fighters-knowledge-hub-new-developments-in-thirteen-states/">[Foreign Terrorist Fighters Knowledge Hub] New developments in thirteen states</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/call-for-papers-the-manifold-forms-of-contemporary-international-legal-scholarship/">[Call for papers] The manifold forms of contemporary international legal scholarship</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-publication-jonathan-kwik-discusses-the-use-of-autonomous-weapon-technologies/">[New publication] Jonathan Kwik discusses the use of autonomous weapon technologies</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/new-blog-post-european-union-support-to-ukraine-through-windfall-profits/">[New blog post] European Union support to Ukraine through windfall profits</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/expert-drafting-rules-of-engagement-for-military-artificial-intelligence/">[Expert drafting] Rules of engagement for military artificial intelligence</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/human-rights-in-the-european-union-can-due-diligence-rescue-frontex/">[Human rights in the European Union] Can due diligence rescue Frontex?</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/news/interview-counter-terrorism-expert-rumyana-van-ark-all-children-should-be-considered-as-vulnerable/">[Interview] Counter-terrorism expert Rumyana van Ark: ‘All children should be considered as vulnerable’</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class=" "> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/newsletters/">Newsletters</a> </li> <li class=" has-children"> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/annual-report/">Annual report</a> <ul> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/annual-report/">Annual report</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/annual-report/2023/">2023</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/annual-report/2022/">2022</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/annual-report/2021/">2021</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/annual-report/2020/">2020</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/annual-report/2019/">2019</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/annual-report/midterm-review-2016-2019/">Midterm review 2016-2019</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class=" has-children"> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/jobs-internships/">Jobs & internships</a> <ul> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/jobs-internships/">Jobs & internships</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/jobs-internships/two-events-interns/">Two Events interns</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/jobs-internships/call-for-intern-international-european-human-rights-law/">Call for intern: International & European human rights law</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class=" "> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/contact/">Contact</a> </li> <li class=" "> <a href="/about-the-asser-institute/tobias-mc-asser/">Tobias M.C. 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Asser</a> </li> <li class="left_menu-item "> <a class="left_menu-item-link" href="/about-the-asser-institute/tmc-asser-scholarship-programme/" test="true">T.M.C. Asser Scholarship Programme</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </aside>  <section class="main-content-news col-sm-7"> <article> <h1>[Interview] Counterterrorism expert Thomas Renard: ‘Everyone is struggling to identify how to best respond to extremism’</h1> <span class="text-muted detail-date">Published 22 August 2023</span> <br /><span class="detail-date">By Pascal Messer</span> <br /> <br /> <figure class="news-item-image-container"> <img src="/media/796643/thomasv1_groot.jpg?center=0.40963855421686746,0.46275395033860045&mode=crop&width=387&height=190&rnd=133371779830000000" /> <figcaption class="picture-caption"><p>Counterterrorism expert Thomas Renard. "The rise of far-right extremism also means that security services now need to focus on a much larger group of people". </p> <p> </p></figcaption> </figure> <p><strong>Thomas Renard is Director of the International Center for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT) in The Hague. In his book <em>‘The Evolution of Counter-Terrorism since 9/11’,</em> he traces the evolution of counterterrorism policy in Belgium and Europe, a field that has expanded dramatically since the 9/11 attacks, and one in which the limits between terrorism and extremism have become blurred. </strong><strong><em>‘</em></strong><strong><em>These days, a much, much larger pool of individuals is drifting towards extremist ideas and narratives.'</em></strong> <strong>An interview.</strong></p> <p><strong>Can you briefly sketch current developments in extremism and terrorism? </strong><br> “Here in Europe, right-wing and anti-institutional extremism, and jihadi terrorism are the three dominant forms of extremism and terrorism that we're dealing with. We also see a little bit of left-wing extremism, such as the Antifa movement, which is partially a response to the resurging far-right extremism.</p> <p>From a European perspective, the threat of religious and specifically jihadi terrorism and extremism has been decreasing in recent years. This is a significant shift from the heydays of the ISIS Caliphate era, between roughly 2013 and 2017, when ISIS was the dominant threat and almost the only one that security services and counterterrorism (CT) researchers were focused on.</p> <p>In the Middle East and Africa, the threat of religious terrorism still remains high. But in Europe, the risk of a terrorist attack is lower now, as religious terrorist groups are less powerful, less organised, and less able to inspire a sophisticated attack, although there is always the risk of isolated individuals doing something.<br><br>However, in the last few years, we are seeing a resurgence of other forms of extremism, often linked to the far- or extreme right and to so-called ‘anti-institutional’ movements. These days, a much, much larger pool of individuals is drifting towards extremist ideas and narratives. These individuals are not necessarily involved in violent activities, nor supportive of them, but there is a risk that some of them could become radicalised. The danger of this development is that extreme ideas are becoming more mainstream and accepted. This could slowly undermine the democratic values that we currently take for granted in Europe and North America.</p> <p>The rise of far-right extremism also means that security services now need to focus on a much larger group of people. Here in the Netherlands, for example, the General Intelligence and Security Service (AIVD) <span><a href="https://www.aivd.nl/onderwerpen/extremisme/documenten/publicaties/2023/05/25/anti-institutioneel-extremisme-in-nederland-een-ernstige-dreiging-voor-de-democratische-rechtsorde">estimates</a></span> that there are around one hundred thousand individuals with ‘anti-institutional’ sympathies. In Germany, the so-called <em>Reichsbürger</em> movement, a far-right anti-government movement has some <span><a href="https://www.icct.nl/publication/banning-designating-disarming-legal-implications-countering-reichsburger-movement">23,000 affiliates</a></span> alone. When you add in other forms of right-wing extremism, Identitarian movements or believers of conspiracy theories like QAnon, the number of individuals leaning towards extremism in Germany is likely to be way above a hundred thousand individuals. So, all over Europe, that’s a massive number of people that we are talking about. But again, it is <em>extremism</em> that has been rising, whereas terrorism has been decreasing over the past few years.”</p> <p><strong>What are your thoughts about the connection between the COVID crisis and the building of extremism? </strong></p> <p>“It was interesting that at the onset of the COVID pandemic, there was speculation that the crisis would exacerbate terrorism. Young people would spend more time online and therefore ran the risk of radicalising and then potentially conduct attacks. There was also speculation that vaccination centres would be attacked. And yes, although that happened here and there, it was really nothing comparable to what was being speculated about. So, COVID did not have a significant impact on the terrorist threat.</p> <p><span>However, it <em>did</em> have a massive impact on the extremist landscape. COVID has been a real incubator for a lot of right-wing extremist and anti-establishment movements and ideas. It was a particularly destabilising global crisis that has led to widespread anxiety, uncertainty, and fear, and a social malaise that has eroded people’s trust in the ability of governments to steer societies safely through uncertain times. The increase of conspiracy theories has also been used to support and boost a number of extremist ideas and movements. <br> <br>Having said this, it is very important to distinguish between terrorism and extremism. Terrorism is a security threat at its core, as it is the threat of the use of violence to destabilise a democratic society. Extremism, on the other hand, is much more of a societal challenge. Extremism offers to challenge and undermine a democratic society, but not necessarily by using violence; it has a broader portfolio of options for destabilisation, including using legal means to achieve its goals. However, as the numbers are much higher, extremism is extremely difficult to tackle.”</span></p> <p><strong>What are the options to counter extremism, how can we best respond to it? </strong></p> <p>“Well, as it is a societal challenge, we will need to respond to the <em>root causes</em> of extremism and to the conducive environment. We need to look at the declining trust that citizens feel in public institutions, in the media, and in politics at large, - not just the ruling government, but politics at large. </p> <p>We will need to rebuild trust or create new social contract between the state and the citizens. And this would not be a ‘counter-terrorism (CT) response’, nor <span>a ‘preventing and countering violent extremism’ (P/CVE) response. This needs a </span>broader ‘whole of society’ and a ‘whole of government’ kind of response. </p> <p>But to be honest, I have not yet seen a compelling answer to the evolving extremism challenge. Everyone is struggling to identify how to best respond to it. We can all see the declining trust, the fragmentation of the societal landscape, and that there is a growing polarisation within societies and within politics. But how to best respond to this? That is extremely complicated. Most of the responses that are now being discussed, outside of the traditional security sphere, consist of: ‘We need more education, more teaching, we need more critical thinking,’ et cetera. And that is great, of course. But our societies have never been as educated as they are today. And somehow, this does not prevent us from drifting towards political polarisation and a lack of trust.”</p> <p><strong>You have written about counterterrorism responses that, in the last two decades, have blurred the lines between extremism and terrorism. What are the risks stemming from this blurring? </strong></p> <p>“The main risk is a democratic risk. If we would start deploying the full counterterrorism arsenal against the challenge of, for instance, anti-institutional extremism, or environmental extremism, we might enter an Orwellian society, in which penal responses could be deployed against citizens that have not done anything wrong. I mean, many of these people just don't like the government.</p> <p>I might sound provocative now, but I do not necessarily like the government either. But we do not <em>have</em> to like the government. We all have different ways of thinking about how to handle the problems we face. In a democracy, we can all come up with solutions that fit within the rules and laws. But if you disagree with this and go against the system because you believe it will not solve our problems, then you're seen as an extremist. Do not forget that throughout history, there have been radicals and extremists who actually made society better by challenging the usual way of doing things. But it is a risky path to take.</p> <p>The other risk of the blurring of lines between terrorism and extremism, is more about politics. Terrorism is politicised, but extremism even more. When we start to move from focusing on violent, harmful actions (terrorism) to focusing on more general extreme ideas (extremism), the bar for what is considered extreme gets lower. This can be used by politicians to make their opponents look bad, like saying they are not legitimate or credible.</p> <p>In Europe, we are already seeing this play out in political battles. Some governments on the far-right call environmental groups ‘eco terrorists’, and then those on the far-left accuse right-wing governments of being extreme. So, as we shift the focus from terrorism to extremism, it becomes a tool in politics to label and criticise each other. This makes the already-existing problem of our divided society even worse. It becomes a vicious cycle where everyone is accusing the other of being evil. So, figuring out how to break this cycle, is a big challenge we need to face.”</p> <p><strong>Do you have an example of where this vicious cycle actually has been broken? </strong></p> <p>“Hmm, that's a tricky one…. Well, in Northern Ireland, terrorism stopped for about ten years. There was a change in what people paid attention to, and things got quieter for a while, although the tensions have resurfaced lately. Several factors played a role in the success story of Northern Ireland. There was a realisation that no one really wins in situations like this. And the European Union also played its part by offering financial support to the region, and giving it access to the European market.</p> <p>And if we look back, there have been times when a new crisis helped us move past an ongoing one. Take the United States, for instance. Environmental or ‘eco- terrorism’ was a big concern there until the 9/11 attacks happened. That event made us reevaluate things. Similarly, anarchist terrorism was a major worry before World War One, but that threat also faded afterwards. I'm not saying that we need a huge crisis or war, but sometimes a shift in focus can help. The problem then becomes less important in the grand scheme of things, which helps to mitigate the risk of over-reaction and the threat loses its momentum.”</p> <p><strong>You mentioned that there have been some environmental groups that have used terrorism as a tactic to pursue their goals. Do you think that there is a risk that this could happen again in the future</strong><strong>? </strong><strong><br> </strong>“We see discussions around the potential radicalisation of certain environmental movements. Are some, or parts of these movements evolving from radical activism towards extremist activism, and potentially towards violent extremism?</p> <p>This is an open discussion, because historically, there have been environmental groups, like the Earth Liberation Front in the United States, which have used terrorism as a tactic to pursue their objectives. So, radicalising environmental groups in itself is nothing new. But with the climate crisis - which will year on year become more salient - and with the obvious limitations in the government's capacity to address this massive challenge, some are fearing that climate activism could derail in the future.</p> <p>Climate change in itself could also exacerbate environmental migration, which in turn could increase migration towards Europe, which is more protected from climate change than Sub Saharan Africa or the Middle East. And this growing climate migration could then further exacerbate the European far-right extremism, which could all feed into a destabilising and potentially toxic cycle.”</p> <p><strong>When you are talking about environmental extremism, or ‘eco-terrorism’, do you mean groups like Extinction Rebellion, or any other specific groups here in Europe?</strong></p> <p>“Let me be clear, Extinction Rebellion is an activist movement that is explicitly nonviolent. But as I just said: radicalising environmental groups are nothing new. Do not forget that it was only in 2004 when the FBI considered the Earth Liberation Front to be the main domestic threat in the United States.</p> <p>In the current discourse about environmental activism, we hear two things. On one side, some people within these groups can start thinking more radically, wondering what the next step could be to get attention for their cause. In the past, this usually meant using non-lethal violence, but who knows what could happen in the future?</p> <p>On the other side, we see that that in some countries violent far-left activists have infiltrated environmental movements. They exploit environmental demonstrations to escalate clashes with authorities, promoting polarisation.</p> <p>What is always difficult and sensitive in these conversations, though, is that there are very good, and very legitimate reasons for environmental demonstrations. A protest is a protest, and protesting is what is making a democratic society function. But on the fringes of these movements, you could have individuals that are a little bit more radical. And within those fringes, you could have a few individuals, that are potentially prone to using violence.</p> <p>The point is, that within these movements, there is a noticeable trajectory, a growing trend that leans toward extremism, and even potentially violent extremism. This shift is driven by the radicalisation of a portion of the movement, as well as the intertwining with conspiracy theories, or the interference or infiltration from other extremist ideologies. When attempting to pinpoint the source of potential risks, I think we should focus on this intersection of different extremist perspectives. But again, we need to be careful about the way that we frame these problems. We should always remember that, at the end of the day, terrorism is a very marginal phenomenon. There may actually be more people studying terrorism than there are terrorists in this world.”</p> <p><strong>A recent report by ICCT described how conspiracy theories helped create a </strong><span><a href="https://www.icct.nl/publication/dutch-flags-and-maple-leaves-how-conspiracy-theories-created-transnational-far-right"><strong>transnational far-right movement</strong></a></span><strong>. The far-right would have used protests in the Netherlands (the Dutch Farmers’ Movement) and in Canada (the Canadian Freedom Convoy), both of which capitalised on anti-government sentiments. </strong></p> <p>“Yes, the transnational dimension of far-right, anti-institutional extremism and conspiracy theories is very strong, obviously because of the internet. In Europe, in the 1970s and ‘eighties, far-right groups were already trying to build international connections, although that was much more complicated then. Also, the far-right discourses used to be very nationalist - one could perhaps speak to one another and agree up to a certain point - but at the end of the day, nationalists were always a sort of enemies.</p> <p>Nowadays, however, far-right movements have managed to go beyond the nationalism. They have agreed on a broader narrative, and identified a broader enemy, which is basically ‘the other’. It is ‘the foreigner’, but also ‘the elite’, or ‘the establishment’, or ‘the European Union’. So yes, there are far more transnational connections, and this comes with ramifications, of course.</p> <p>People like <span><a href="https://www.icct.nl/publication/anders-breivik-terrorist-trial">Anders Breivik</a></span>, who committed the 2011 Norway attacks, or Brenton Tarrant, the Australian far-right extremist who fatally shot 51 people in Christchurch in New Zealand, are still are a <span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/may/15/buffalo-shooting-white-replacement-theory-inspires-mass">source of inspiration</a></span> across the world, and notably here in Europe. A few of today’s dominant far-right narratives are originating from some French thinkers, notably the ‘<span><a href="https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/The-Great-Replacement-The-Violent-Consequences-of-Mainstreamed-Extremism-by-ISD.pdf">great replacement’ theory</a></span>, or the ‘great reset’. And the conspiracy theory <span><a href="https://www.icct.nl/publication/understanding-conspiracist-radicalisation-qanons-mobilisation-violence">QAnon</a></span>, for instance, is very much an American phenomenon. But it has hundreds of thousands of followers, here in Europe. Most of QAnon’s theories do not even relate to European social political contexts. And still, people somehow find something in it that speaks to them. This is not something new, but the scale of it, <em>is</em>. And that is quite concerning.</p> <p>So, the transnational dimension needs to be monitored much more. Because we now see that an idea or an ideology that develops in one country, can then very quickly spread to other countries. And therefore, the lack of a reaction in one country - for instance, of taking a website down, or the failure to arrest individuals circulating these narratives - can have repercussions in another country.”</p> <p><strong>So, what can policymakers do against this? And is there a role for social media? Should extremist content, fake news or misinformation, be censored? </strong></p> <p>“Censorship is never the right answer, especially when accusations of censorship are already at play. Instead, it is crucial to address concerns head-on. Often, beneath conspiracy theories and extremist narratives lie very real, genuine, and pressing issues. People might be concerned about their job, about their future, their capacity to pay the rent, or about the future of their children. Acknowledging these concerns is key in identifying the root causes and in formulating appropriate responses.</p> <p>I might sound somewhat vague now, but I think that to anticipate and address these concerns upfront, and framing the problems in a proper manner, is crucial. You do not have to chase people away by using dismissive labels, saying things like, ‘oh you're a conspiracy theorist’, or ‘oh you're an anti-institutional militant’. That is not going to work, - if anything, that is probably going to backfire.</p> <p>A more effective strategy, whether as a national politician, a local authority representative, a schoolteacher, or anyone working in the public sector, would be to frame the problems as shared concerns. In a democratic system, you never want to impose your solution; we can have different solutions to different problems. But at the very least, if we can agree on what the problem is, and what the cause of that problem is, we can then narrow down the solutions.</p> <p>If we can agree that the cause of a certain problem is not aliens or reptiles, nor a generalised abuse of children by the elite, or a Jewish plot, then we can already exclude these myths, which is already a step forward. So, by uniting around common issues like climate change, we could collectively define the problems and work toward solutions.</p> <p>Meanwhile, the more downstream you go, the more limited your options are. And obviously, at the very end of it, where these crazy ideas about aliens and reptiles are circulating online, you want to be able to react very quickly. You do not want to take these ideas down if they're not illegal. But as soon as they enter the illegal space, then you want to be able to respond very quickly. Collaboration with social media companies is essential. Defining what is acceptable content, and what is not, will be challenging, but once agreed upon, identifying that content, and taking it down is pretty simple.</p> <p>While progress has been made over the years, it is sometimes frustrating to see that the battle continues, sometimes even regressing. After his take-over, Elon Musk has now successfully turned Twitter into a site where extremists have free rein. And the return of extreme ideologies to mainstream platforms like X (formerly Twitter), amplifies their influence and creates much broader, and much more problematic echo chambers. And that is what we are seeing right now.”</p> <p><strong>Earlier this year, a Dutch member of parliament sent a public letter to Twitter, complaining about the increasingly hateful and intimidating ways that Dutch politicians are being treated on the platform. As an answer she received an emoji in the shape of a turd.</strong> </p> <p>“Well, look at what happened recently. On his social media platform Truth, former US president Trump <span><a href="https://apnews.com/article/jan-6-obama-justice-department-capitol-mccarthy-27934bbd095111e7eb2bac5b5bb24e06">posted</a></span> what he claimed was the address of Barack Obama. On that same day, a man was arrested in the neighbourhood with firearms and hundreds of rounds of ammunition. It's not very clear what exactly the plan was, but it all started with Trump disclosing, clearly on purpose, the personal address of Obama, knowing very well that part of his audience is not in love with Barack Obama, to put it mildly. And for a social media platform to tolerate that, that is absolutely problematic.” </p> <p><strong>Can you discuss the shifting priorities in counterterrorism efforts, particularly regarding the transition from major terrorist threats to the rising concern of extremism? </strong></p> <p>“A major challenge is resisting the constant urge for innovation. The allure of passing new laws or establishing new agencies for political gain is strong. However, the focus should be on the growing issue of extremism, even as major terrorist threats decline. This creates a dilemma for those working on counterterrorism.</p> <p>As the terrorism risk reduces, there's less political urgency, budget, and governmental support due to new priorities like organised crime and cybersecurity. This leaves anti-terrorism teams feeling less backed. On the other hand, even with the same amount of resources, they probably have more individuals that they potentially need to monitor. Of course, they cannot watch everyone, but they need eyes in many more places, especially online. And a lot of this stuff going on there isn't violent, so it's hard to tell if it's really dangerous. But the feeling that ‘things are going in the wrong direction, but we're not sure where the danger will come from’, is very complicated for the counter-terrorism services.</p> <p>This situation even endangers democracy. The temptation might be to keep using past approaches -databases, lists, and monitoring - for everyone considered problematic or a danger. Applying this to, say, a hundred thousand people in the Netherlands could lead to a surveillance society like Orwell's '1984.' This should not be our goal and poses its own risks.</p> <p>To resist this temptation, it is crucial that our government, parliament, and counter-terrorism services understand the clear distinction between extremism and terrorism. Extremism needs attention but is not terrorism. So, treating them alike is not appropriate. This presents a critical challenge.</p> <p>Another factor to consider, slightly abstract, involves history. In peak terrorism times, counterterrorism roles and preventing extremism drew many experts due to trends. Yet, over time, many of these people have shifted careers. This has led to a substantial loss of expertise. While setups seem unchanged - we still have the same organisations, with the same budgets and amounts of staff - the personnel composition has significantly shifted.</p> <p>Consequently, we have less-experienced people now, lacking the context to compare past and present challenges. This is less visible institutionally, but evident in conversations. The valuable lessons that were learned during those times have not always been absorbed or documented effectively in the form of a lessons-learned manual. This problem is much more insidious, you do not really see it, you only feel it when you speak with the people. Public sector roles, often five years long, contribute to this cycle. With one cycle ending, a new one begins. Those present during the heyday are fewer, and this continuous learning pattern applies personally too.”</p> <p><strong>Is it possible to rethink or reduce the extensive rules we have established since 9/11 to combat terrorism and extremism?</strong></p> <p>“Changing course is always an option, even if it's challenging. Once these rules are in place, they tend to stick around. Think of them as legal building blocks - even if some are rarely used, they're part of our laws. Some of these rules might not be effective or necessary, but it's simpler to retain them than to remove them.</p> <p>For instance, take citizenship stripping as a counter-terrorism approach. It's widely seen as ineffective or even counterproductive. Yet, it might persist due to political advantages, despite its irrelevance in addressing domestic threats like far-right extremism or anti-institutional beliefs.</p> <p>Consider de-radicalisation programs. I've never been a fan of the term itself, and its effectiveness is debatable. Radicalisation often happens due to personal and contextual factors. As life changes, people often naturally move away from extreme views.</p> <p>Still, offering personalised support to individuals during challenging life phases is intriguing. This could apply within prison. Now imagine a country like the Netherlands with around forty terrorist offenders behind bars. Providing tailored programmes for them is commendable - not necessarily to de-radicalise, but to assist with their personal issues and reintegration into society.</p> <p>And then suddenly you find yourself with several hundreds of anti-institutional inmates, or people that adhere to another conspiracy. Are you going to propose these programmes to them as well? I mean, that would be very costly. Would you be willing to put your resources there? This raises questions about fairness and consistency.</p> <p>This situation calls into question the approach taken with the forty terrorist offenders. Was the selectiveness inadvertently biased or Islamophobic? These concerns echo accusations previously made. Or was it a good approach that simply cannot be offered to all inmates for capacity reasons?</p> <p>So, to get back to your question: it is not too late to reconsider some counter-terrorism measures. Fighting against undemocratic or risky measures is important. Yet, it is also realistic that certain measures might fade, only to reappear later when threats resurface. In my book, I liken this process to a glacier – it shrinks in summer, expands in winter, and overall grows over time. Well, at least it used to before climate change came into play.”</p> <p><strong>About Thomas Renard<br></strong>Dr Thomas Renard is Director of ICCT. His research focuses on (counter-)terrorism and (counter )radicalisation in Europe. His recent research has focused on the evolution of counter-terrorism policy in liberal democracies since 2001, on (returning) foreign fighters, on radicalisation in prison and on terrorist recidivism. His latest book is <span><a href="https://www.routledge.com/The-Evolution-of-Counter-Terrorism-Since-911-Understanding-the-Paradigm/Renard/p/book/9781032035772">The Evolution of Counter-Terrorism since 9/11</a></span> (Routledge, September 2021), whereas his research has been published in many journals and think tanks, including: International Affairs, Perspectives on Terrorism, CTC Sentinel, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, ICCT or RUSI.</p> <p>He presented his research findings in many policy venues, including the UN Security Council, UN CTED, the Global Counterterrorism Forum (GCTF), and the European Parliament, among others, and his recommendations regularly inform global policy discussions. He also contributes regularly to media worldwide (New York Times, Washington Post, Guardian, BBC, Le Monde).</p> <p>Dr Thomas Renard is also a Senior Associate Fellow at the Egmont Institute and at the UNESCO-PREV Chair at the University of Sherbrooke. He sits on a number of scientific committees. He obtained his PhD from Ghent University in 2021, and was awarded the ‘Best Doctoral Dissertation on Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism’ by the Terrorism Research Initiative (TRI) in 2021. He has a MA in International Affairs from the George Washington University (GWU) and a MA in Journalism from the Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL). </p> <p><strong>Interested in counter-terrorism and the rule of law? </strong></p> <p><strong><img style="width: 500px; height: 250px;" src="/media/796645/b52b6937-ab0e-4dfe-8710-13b071c41524-1.jpg?width=500&height=250" alt="" data-id="17650"></strong></p> <p>In this <a href="/media/796449/ctsp2023-draft-programme-leaflet-external-use-6-june-2023.pdf" target="_blank">thought-provoking summer programme</a>, you will focus on the international and domestic legal aspects of countering terrorism and violent extremism, in inspiring and interactive classes by leading academics and practitioners in the field. <a href="/education-events/events/?id=4285">Read more</a>. </p> <p> </p> <br /> </article>  <header class="main-content-header"> <div class="buttonContainer main-content-header-buttons hidden-xs"> <div class="main-content-header-button icon icon--printer-icon btnPrint" alt="Print this page"></div> </div> </header> <footer class="main-content-footer"> <h3 class="main-content-footer-title">Share this page:</h3> <ul class="main-content-sm-buttons"> <li class="main-content-sm-button"> <a href="https://bsky.app/intent/compose?text=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asser.nl%2Fabout-the-asser-institute%2Fnews%2Finterview-counterterrorism-expert-thomas-renard-everyone-is-struggling-to-identify-how-to-best-respond-to-extremism%2F" title="Bluesky" target="_blank"> <img src="/content/images/icon/bluesky_icon.png" alt="Bluesky" title="Bluesky" style="vertical-align: baseline;"> </a> </li> <li class="main-content-sm-button"> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asser.nl%2Fabout-the-asser-institute%2Fnews%2Finterview-counterterrorism-expert-thomas-renard-everyone-is-struggling-to-identify-how-to-best-respond-to-extremism%2F" title="Facebook" target="_blank"> <img src="/content/images/facebook_icon.png" alt="Facebook" title="Facebook" style="vertical-align: baseline;"> </a> </li> <li class="main-content-sm-button"> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asser.nl%2Fabout-the-asser-institute%2Fnews%2Finterview-counterterrorism-expert-thomas-renard-everyone-is-struggling-to-identify-how-to-best-respond-to-extremism%2F" title="LinkedIn" target="_blank"> <img src="/content/images/linkedin_icon.png" alt="LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn" style="vertical-align: baseline;"> </a> </li> <li class="main-content-sm-button"> <a href="mailto:?body=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asser.nl%2Fabout-the-asser-institute%2Fnews%2Finterview-counterterrorism-expert-thomas-renard-everyone-is-struggling-to-identify-how-to-best-respond-to-extremism%2F&subject=T.M.C.%20Asser%20Instituut:%20%5BInterview%5D%20Counterterrorism%20expert%20Thomas%20Renard%3A%20%E2%80%98Everyone%20is%20struggling%20to%20identify%20how%20to%20best%20respond%20to%20extremism%E2%80%99" title="Email" target="_blank"> <img src="/content/images/email_icon.png" alt="Email" title="Email" style="vertical-align: baseline;"> </a> </li> <li class="main-content-sm-button"> <a href="http://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asser.nl%2Fabout-the-asser-institute%2Fnews%2Finterview-counterterrorism-expert-thomas-renard-everyone-is-struggling-to-identify-how-to-best-respond-to-extremism%2F" title="Tweet" target="_blank"> <img src="/content/images/twitter_icon.png" alt="Tweet" title="Tweet" style="vertical-align: baseline;"> </a> </li> </ul> <div class="main-content-footer__print">© T.M.C. 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[Interview] Counterterrorism expert Thomas Renard: ‘Everyone is struggling to identify how to best respond to extremism’