Studies and programmes | Aalto University

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"NRJS-db714826d6dc6f30ac6",applicationID:"439323269"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>g,gD:()=>h,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function g(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=g(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=h(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=m()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:v,listeners:h,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=m();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!m()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function v(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function m(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],v=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),A=r(3434);function R(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();h.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function _(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const h={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var E="api-",_=E+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(E,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}h.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},h.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),R(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},v.forEach((e=>{h[e]=j(E,e,!0,"api")})),h.addPageAction=j(E,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(E,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},h.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},h.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},h[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const S=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,m.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function k(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{S[e]=j(_,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),h.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(E,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),h.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>k()),!0):k(),h}var N=r(9417),T=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},j={};var k=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function P(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:l={},exposed:f=!0}=t;l.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");j[e]=(0,T.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=j[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const h=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),v=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];O||(h.proxy.assets&&(I(h.proxy.assets),v.push(h.proxy.assets)),h.proxy.beacon&&v.push(h.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",k.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===h.soft_navigations.enabled&&h.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),l.denyList=[...h.ajax.deny_list||[],...h.ajax.block_internal?v:[]],l.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,l),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=_(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.274.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-gkYkZDAwQ9PwaDXs2YM+rNIdRej1Ac1mupWobRJ8eahQcXz6/sunGZCKklrzi5kWxhOGRZr2tn0rEKuLTXzfAA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={840:0,374:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),h=i(384);const v=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function m(e){return!!(0,h.dV)().o.MO&&v(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(v(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return m(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(9908),E=i(2843),x=i(3878),_=i(782),N=i(1863);class T extends y{static featureName=_.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,x.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var S=i(3969);class j extends y{static featureName=S.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,S.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,h.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,h.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,T,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <script type="text/javascript" id="Cookiebot" src="https://consent.cookiebot.com/uc.js" data-cbid="7439002e-4a7e-4422-bda9-d575b2a8d8ce" async="async" data-culture="en"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];</script> <meta name="description" content="We at Aalto University School of Business offer our students multidisciplinary learning experiences and opportunities to solve real-world challenges in an international context. We help our students develop into valued experts, innovative entrepreneurs and responsible business and societal leaders for the future." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.aalto.fi/en/school-of-business/studies-and-programmes" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.aalto.fi/en/school-of-business/studies-and-programmes" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Studies and programmes | Aalto University" /> <meta property="og:description" content="We at Aalto University School of Business offer our students multidisciplinary learning experiences and opportunities to solve real-world challenges in an international context. We help our students develop into valued experts, innovative entrepreneurs and responsible business and societal leaders for the future." /> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2018-05-15T13:47:30+03:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="We at Aalto University School of Business offer our students multidisciplinary learning experiences and opportunities to solve real-world challenges in an international context. We help our students develop into valued experts, innovative entrepreneurs and responsible business and societal leaders for the future." /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@AaltoUniversity" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Studies and programmes | Aalto University" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.aalto.fi/en/school-of-business/studies-and-programmes" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://www.aalto.fi/en/school-of-business/studies-and-programmes" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fi" href="https://www.aalto.fi/fi/kauppakorkeakoulu/opiskelu-ja-ohjelmat" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://www.aalto.fi/sv/handelshogskolan/studier-och-program" /> <title>Studies and programmes | Aalto University</title> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/favicons/favicon-32x32.png"/> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/favicons/favicon-16x16.png"/> <link rel="manifest" href="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/favicons/site.webmanifest"/> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5e9bce"/> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"/> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/css/css_1bskV5WO7F9Ch-cOTnDVQcjxN5Y0wKRcPmjOro-LweQ.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=aalto_aaltofi&include=eJxdjFEOgjAQRC9UaPyR42y27QIrpdvsFqK3N0HU6M9k5k3yosjCBFFKo9IgZIkLqY8H7k7cndjZwxqtPqCRQ8xN4MiR_c9yUZR80q1i7vGGd_fyBWn-0_4EQbEkLhNEMxiG68VVVJwU62xv1Zf0W6lbyGwzJbdzIgFaAyUYmXLySlalGO_UHecTdoJZhg" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/css/css_tEIBUVSjsIWGYp1pbtm3ZJ0xe-lARSqz_v5upNKzSfg.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=aalto_aaltofi&include=eJxdjFEOgjAQRC9UaPyR42y27QIrpdvsFqK3N0HU6M9k5k3yosjCBFFKo9IgZIkLqY8H7k7cndjZwxqtPqCRQ8xN4MiR_c9yUZR80q1i7vGGd_fyBWn-0_4EQbEkLhNEMxiG68VVVJwU62xv1Zf0W6lbyGwzJbdzIgFaAyUYmXLySlalGO_UHecTdoJZhg" /> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"en\/","currentPath":"node\/8911","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en","contentHome":{"url":"\/en\/school-of-business","title":"School of Business"},"themeUrl":"\/themes\/custom\/aalto_aaltofi"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"gtm":{"tagId":null,"settings":{"data_layer":"dataLayer","include_environment":false},"tagIds":["GTM-N6WP2H"]},"gtag":{"tagId":"","consentMode":false,"otherIds":[],"events":[],"additionalConfigInfo":[]},"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJx1kV1ywyAMhC9kh-lLcxxGgIyVYERBuPHtSxKaND99AenbhREsQBDWcF4nUvC3Gx46ZTJER9FrW4re7z8_fnW3UNRVKJBs6g3rPgMFu_xVyR4LQrbzq1jIYYT1VRBOT5wW8KjZHNCKnki6ZpmPhG2LBaOod7A7HQgE2DCrW9WVZo0sNJEFIY7qqe-uANHX8wzlm8TO7Z5_ePevFVWGxcFwH0faONoEtsd2_IrHjseOu9uwqFs1eGYfUAt45dvy3O_gAKdHuAwJMvgMaS7K5Zog7O5kV2OqJlCZ0Q3JmetTxktW4zUsNTFLG6dsRXBR5wyGtcXFGheDrkWAwamMJbVfphXHi_gDBdHvmQ","theme":"aalto_aaltofi","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":[],"aaltoDataLayer":{"aalto_datalayer":{"contType":"article","contLang":"en","contHome":"School of Business","contRestriction":"public","contPrimTags":"Studies","contAllTags":"Studies","contPublished":"15.05.2018"}},"aalto_datalayer_user_metadata_path":"https:\/\/user-metadata.aalto.workers.dev\/","aaltoIENotification":{"notification_text":{"value":"\u003Ch2\u003EOutdated brower detected\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOur system has detected that you are using Internet Explorer or another outdated browser. You can continue to use the site however, we cannot guarantee that the site will work as intended. We recommend that you switch to the supported browser such as Firefox, Chrome, Edge or Safari for a better experience.\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"rich_text"},"notification_button":"I am fully aware of this","banner_text":{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EIf you continue to use Internet Explorer the site may not work as intended.\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"simple_text"},"cookie_name":"aalto_ie_notification","cookie_expiry_days":7},"site":{"enabledLanguages":["fi","sv","en"]},"aaltoEnv":"live","cookieContentBlocker":{"consentAwareness":{"accepted":{"event":{"name":"cookiebotConsentAcceptPreferences","selector":"window"},"cookie":{"operator":"===","name":"cookiebot-consent--preferences","value":"1"}},"declined":{"event":{"name":"cookiebotConsentDeclinePreferences","selector":"window"},"cookie":{"operator":"===","name":"cookiebot-consent--preferences","value":"0"}},"change":{"event":{"name":"","selector":""}}},"categories":[]},"cookiebot":{"message_placeholder_cookieconsent_optout_marketing_show":false,"message_placeholder_cookieconsent_optout_marketing":"\u003Cdiv class=\u0022cookiebot cookieconsent-optout-marketing\u0022\u003E\n\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022cookieconsent-optout-marketing__inner\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022aalto-user-generated-content\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease \u003Ca href=\u0022!cookiebot_renew\u0022\u003Eaccept marketing-cookies\u003C\/a\u003E to view this embedded content from \u003Ca href=\u0022!cookiebot_from_src_url\u0022\u003E!cookiebot_from_src_url\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n"},"languageSwitcher":{"modalContent":[]},"pdbVue":{"developmentMode":false},"aalto_authenticated":false,"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"b85d72e4199f75b27ac18b8fe5506e6ab0a74ba835cdd0cff522b3f1c632d78e"}}</script> <script src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/js/js_DfCkfMOQ7GD_oBJrEg5kf3Q72Pc__euBJrpAIsGwbAs.js?scope=header&delta=0&language=en&theme=aalto_aaltofi&include=eJx1j1FywzAIBS9klyNpniWsEMsitXDa3L5OpHGauP1heMuwA0AydQizZLeaJLEb4ci6ygIMCTdeaO_aRNhlNRnFw0QzveXOq04b85qNs7khqZ82TcV9w33DzTmgMMmMyE6HM3tzo1ibPeoo9JK6qBoTO0OkaPNrRHzPHzjju_me95XtEPoLth8GNdq7tp2Q43q_s3yJ-dP22D_892e1LRI449pdwlBJ_7mKn_rCWPyJRlXb164r04I54KgxvdwtB_6QVdcPd0rBOw"></script> </head> <body class="node--type-article node--8911"> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-N6WP2H" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div class="layout-container"> <header id="header" role="banner" class="header--with-top-nav"> <a href="#main-content" class="aalto-skip-link"> Skip to main content </a> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div id="black-overlay"></div> <div class="block block-topnav navigation aalto-header"> <div id="top-nav-sticky-header" class="aalto-header__fixed-container aalto-header__floating-notifications aalto-header--at-top"> <div class="aalto-header__container"> <div class="aalto-header__logo-container"> <a href="/en" class="aalto-header__logo-link" title=Home aria-label=Home rel="home"> <svg class="aalto-header__logo aalto-logo" viewBox="0 0 143 101" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_base/images/aalto_logo.svg#logo"/> </svg> </a> </div> <nav class="aalto-topnav" id="aalto-topnav" aria-labelledby="aalto-topnav-button-text"> <ul class="aalto-topnav__navigation-items aalto-list-unstyled"> <li class="aalto-topnav__apply"> <a href="/en/study-at-aalto" class="aalto-topnav__button topnav-identifier--link-with-icon"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-form"/> </svg> Apply to Aalto </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__support"> <a href="/en/makewaves" class="aalto-topnav__button topnav-identifier--link-with-icon"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-heart"/> </svg> Support us </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__break"></li> <li class="aalto-topnav__language"> <div class="aalto-dropdown-container js-menu-container aalto-dropdown-container--toggle-hidden-header-mobile aalto-dropdown-container--language"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="js-menu-toggle aalto-dropdown__toggle aalto-dropdown__toggle--with_chevron"><span class="aalto-dropdown__toggle-custom-icon"><svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-globe_v2"/></svg></span><span class="aalto-visually-hidden"><span lang="fi">Valitse sivuston kieli</span> / <span lang="sv">Välj webbplatsens språk</span> / <span lang="en">Select site language</span></span><span class="aalto-dropdown__toggle-text " aria-hidden="true">EN</span></button><ul class="aalto-list-unstyled aalto-dropdown__menu"><li><a href="/fi/kauppakorkeakoulu/opiskelu-ja-ohjelmat" class="aalto-dropdown__link" lang="fi"><abbr title="Suomeksi">FI</abbr><span>Suomeksi</span></a></li><li><a href="/sv/handelshogskolan/studier-och-program" class="aalto-dropdown__link" lang="sv"><abbr title="Svenska">SV</abbr><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li><a href="/en/school-of-business/studies-and-programmes" class="aalto-dropdown__link" aria-current="true" lang="en"><abbr title="English">EN</abbr><span>English</span></a></li></ul></div> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__search"> <div id="aalto-search-button-container"> <button type="button" class="aalto-topnav__button aalto-search__toggle-button" id="aalto-search-button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Search"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-magnifier_lens"/> </svg> <span class="aalto-search-button__label">Search</span> </button> </div> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__user"> <a href="/en/saml_login" class="aalto-topnav__button topnav-identifier--link-with-icon"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-arrow_login"/> </svg> Log in </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__menu-items" id="aalto-topnav-items-container"> <button type="button" class="aalto-topnav__button" id="aalto-topnav-button" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="aalto-topnav__button-expand"> <svg class="aalto-topnav__button-icon aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-menu_burger"/> </svg> <span class="aalto-topnav__button-text" id="aalto-topnav-button-text">Menu</span> </span> <span class="aalto-topnav__button-collapse"> <svg class="aalto-topnav__button-icon aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-close"/> </svg> <span class="aalto-topnav__button-text">Close menu</span> </span> </button> <div class="aalto-topnav__items" id="aalto-topnav__items"> <ul class="aalto-topnav__item-container aalto-list-unstyled"> <li class="aalto-topnav__action-item aalto-topnav__action-item--desktop"> <a href="/en/student-guide" class="aalto-topnav__button aalto-topnav__action--desktop topnav-identifier--link-with-icon" tabindex="-1"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-level"/> </svg> <span>Student Guide</span> </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__action-item aalto-topnav__action-item--desktop"> <a href="/en/for-personnel" class="aalto-topnav__button aalto-topnav__action--desktop topnav-identifier--link-with-icon"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-lock_closed"/> </svg> <span>For personnel</span> </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__action-request aalto-topnav__action-item--desktop"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-info"/> </svg> <span>Aalto community members please <a href="/en/saml_login" class="aalto-topnav__action-request--link aalto-topnav__action--desktop" tabindex="-1">log in</a> to see internal content</span> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__navigation-item"> <div class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="aalto-topnav__navigation-heading accordion__title is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> Admissions and studies </button> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu accordion__content is-collapsed"> <a href="/en/study-at-aalto" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Apply to Aalto </a> <a href="/en/study-options" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Find a study programme </a> <a href="/en/admissions" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> How to apply </a> <a href="/en/admission-services/scholarships-and-tuition-fees" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Scholarships and tuition fees </a> <a href="/en/admission-services/applying-to-bachelors-programmes" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Bachelor's admissions </a> <a href="/en/study-at-aalto/applying-to-masters-programmes" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Master's admissions </a> <a href="/en/doctoral-education/how-to-apply-for-doctoral-studies" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Doctoral admissions </a> <a href="/en/study-at-aalto/studying-at-the-aalto-campus" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Campus life </a> <a href="/en/study-at-aalto/fairs-and-events-for-applicants" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Events for applicants </a> <a href="/en/study-at-aalto/chat-with-aalto-students" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Chat with students </a> <a href="https://aaltouniversity.leadfamly.com/sign-up-for-our-newsletter" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Subscribe to newsletter<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="/en/admission-services/contact-information-for-aalto-university-admission-services" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Contact admission services </a> <a href="/en/lifewide-learning" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Lifewide Learning </a> <a href="/en/international-students/incoming-exchange-students" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Exchange students </a> </div> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__navigation-item"> <div class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="aalto-topnav__navigation-heading accordion__title is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> Research and art </button> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu accordion__content is-collapsed"> <a href="/en/research-art" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> About our research and art </a> <a href="/en/tenure-track" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Tenure track career system </a> <a href="/en/doctoral-education" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Doctoral education </a> <a href="/en/research-and-learning-infrastructures" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Research and learning infrastructures </a> <a href="https://research.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Research portal research.aalto.fi<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="/en/aalto-university/rankings" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Rankings </a> </div> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__navigation-item"> <div class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="aalto-topnav__navigation-heading accordion__title is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> Schools and departments </button> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu accordion__content is-collapsed"> <span class="aalto-topnav__submenu-heading">Schools</span> <a href="/en/school-of-arts-design-and-architecture" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> School of Arts, Design and Architecture </a> <a href="/en/school-of-business" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> School of Business </a> <a href="/en/school-of-chemical-engineering" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> School of Chemical Engineering </a> <a href="/en/school-of-electrical-engineering" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> School of Electrical Engineering </a> <a href="/en/school-of-engineering" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> School of Engineering </a> <a href="/en/school-of-science" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> School of Science </a> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu-group"> <span class="aalto-topnav__submenu-heading">Departments</span> <a href="/en/department-of-accounting-business-law" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Accounting & Business Law </a> <a href="/en/department-of-applied-physics" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Applied Physics </a> <a href="/en/department-of-architecture" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Architecture </a> <a href="/en/department-of-art-and-media" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Art and Media </a> <a href="/en/department-of-bioproducts-and-biosystems" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Bioproducts and Biosystems </a> <a href="/en/department-of-built-environment" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Built Environment </a> <a href="/en/department-of-chemical-and-metallurgical-engineering" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering </a> <a href="/en/department-of-chemistry-and-materials-science" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Chemistry and Materials Science </a> <a href="/en/department-of-civil-engineering" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Civil Engineering </a> <a href="/en/department-of-computer-science" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Computer Science </a> <a href="/en/department-of-design" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Design </a> <a href="/en/department-of-economics" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Economics </a> <a href="/en/department-of-electrical-engineering-and-automation" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Electrical Engineering and Automation </a> <a href="/en/department-of-electronics-and-nanoengineering" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Electronics and Nanoengineering </a> <a href="/en/department-of-film-elo" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Film, Television and Scenography </a> <a href="/en/department-of-finance" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Finance </a> <a href="/en/department-of-industrial-engineering-and-management" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Industrial Engineering and Management </a> <a href="/en/department-of-information-and-communications-engineering" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Information and Communications Engineering </a> <a href="/en/department-of-information-and-service-management" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Information and Service Management </a> <a href="/en/department-of-management-studies" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Management Studies </a> <a href="/en/department-of-marketing" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Marketing </a> <a href="/en/department-of-mathematics-and-systems-analysis" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Mathematics and Systems Analysis </a> <a href="/en/department-of-energy-and-mechanical-engineering" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Energy and Mechanical Engineering </a> <a href="/en/department-of-neuroscience-and-biomedical-engineering" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering </a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__navigation-item"> <div class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="aalto-topnav__navigation-heading accordion__title is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> Collaboration </button> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu accordion__content is-collapsed"> <a href="/en/collaboration" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Collaborate with us </a> <a href="/en/for-alumni" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> For alumni </a> <a href="/en/corporate-collaboration" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Corporate collaboration </a> <a href="/en/aalto-networking-platform" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Aalto networking platform </a> <a href="/en/advancing-entrepreneurship-and-innovations" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Entrepreneurship and innovations </a> <a href="/en/collaboration/international-academic-collaboration" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> International collaboration </a> <a href="/en/collaboration/collaboration-with-cities-and-regions" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Collaboration with cities and regions </a> <a href="/en/give-for-the-future" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Support us </a> </div> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__navigation-item"> <div class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="aalto-topnav__navigation-heading accordion__title is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> News and events </button> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu accordion__content is-collapsed"> <a href="/en/news-and-events" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Highlights </a> <a href="/en/news" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> News </a> <a href="/en/events" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Events </a> <a href="/en/aalto-university/aalto-university-magazine" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Aalto University Magazine </a> <a href="https://ourblogs.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> OurBlogs<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="/en/podcasts" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Podcasts </a> <a href="/en/for-the-media" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> For the media </a> </div> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__navigation-item"> <div class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="aalto-topnav__navigation-heading accordion__title is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> About us </button> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu accordion__content is-collapsed"> <a href="/en/aalto-university" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> About Aalto University </a> <a href="/en/strategy" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Our strategy </a> <a href="/en/sustainability" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Sustainability </a> <a href="/en/aalto-university/code-of-conduct-values-into-practice" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Code of Conduct </a> <a href="/en/aalto-handbook" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Aalto Handbook </a> <a href="/en/campus" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Campus </a> <a href="/en/people" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> People and contact information </a> <a href="/en/careers-at-aalto" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Careers </a> </div> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__navigation-item"> <div class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="aalto-topnav__navigation-heading accordion__title is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> Tools and services </button> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu accordion__content is-collapsed"> <a href="/en/services/quicklinks-to-tools" highlight="1" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-highlighted aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> All tools (requires login) </a> <a href="/en/services" highlight="1" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-highlighted aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> All services </a> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu-group"> <span class="aalto-topnav__submenu-heading">Most used tools</span> <a href="https://ada.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Ada<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://booking.aalto.fi" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Asio (booking.aalto.fi)<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://halli.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Halli<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www-sanakirja-fi.libproxy.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> MOT Kielipalvelu (language service)<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://neo.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Neo<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="/en/people" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> People hub </a> <a href="http://phonebook.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Phone book<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://reportfinder.aalto.fi" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> PowerBI report finder<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://report.aalto.fi/qlikview/login.htm?_ga=2.168724130.2086739987.1546842233-124934716.1526555948" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Qlikview<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://aalto.rondoservice.fi/dcv-gui/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> DataCycle360 (Rondo)<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.tiima.com/cognito/aalto" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Tiima<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://outlook.office.com/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Webmail<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="http://survey.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Webropol<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://wd3.myworkday.com/aalto/d/home.htmld" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Workday<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu-group"> <span class="aalto-topnav__submenu-heading">Most used services</span> <a href="/en/services/hr-services" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> HR services </a> <a href="/en/it-services" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> IT Services </a> <a href="/en/services/learning-services" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Learning services </a> <a href="/en/learning-centre" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Library - Learning Centre </a> <a href="/en/services/occupational-health-care" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Occupational health </a> <a href="/en/services/printing-at-aalto-university" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Printing </a> <a href="/en/services/research-and-innovation-services" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Research and innovation services </a> <a href="/en/teaching-and-learning" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Teaching and learning services </a> <a href="/en/services/travel-services" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Travel services </a> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu-group"> <span class="aalto-topnav__submenu-heading">For students</span> <a href="https://sisu.aalto.fi" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Sisu<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://mycourses.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> MyCourses<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://mystudies.aalto.fi" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> MyStudies<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://courses.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Browse all courses<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu-group"> <span class="aalto-topnav__submenu-heading">Other</span> <a href="/en/services/aalto-space-mobile-application" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Aalto Space </a> <a href="https://shop.aalto.fi/" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Aalto University Shop<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://brand.aalto.fi" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Brand library and design system<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.lounaat.info/otaniemi" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Lunch menus<svg class="aalto-inline-icon magazine__link-external-link" aria-label="(external link)"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-external_link"/></svg> </a> </div> <div class="aalto-topnav__submenu-group"> <span class="aalto-topnav__submenu-heading">Safety and emergencies</span> <a href="/en/security" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Emergencies </a> <a href="/en/services/incident-report" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Incident report </a> <a href="/en/cyber-security" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Cyber Security </a> <a href="/en/cyber-security/report-an-information-security-incident" class="aalto-topnav__submenu-link aalto-topnav__submenu-link-text" tabindex="-1" aria-current="false"> Cyber Security incident report </a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__language-item aalto-topnav__action-item--mobile"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-globe" /> </svg> <a href="/en/school-of-business/studies-and-programmes" class="aalto-button aalto-topnav__action--mobile" tabindex="-1" aria-current="true" lang="en"> <abbr title="English">EN</abbr> </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__language-item aalto-topnav__action-item--mobile"> <a href="/fi/kauppakorkeakoulu/opiskelu-ja-ohjelmat" class="aalto-button aalto-topnav__action--mobile" tabindex="-1" lang="fi"> <abbr title="Suomeksi">FI</abbr> </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__language-item aalto-topnav__action-item--mobile"> <a href="/sv/handelshogskolan/studier-och-program" class="aalto-button aalto-topnav__action--mobile" tabindex="-1" lang="sv"> <abbr title="Svenska">SV</abbr> </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__action-item aalto-topnav__action-item--first aalto-topnav__action-item--mobile"> <a href="/en/study-at-aalto" class="aalto-topnav__action-item--link aalto-topnav__action--mobile topnav-identifier--link-with-icon" tabindex="-1"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-form" /> </svg> Apply to Aalto </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__action-item aalto-topnav__action-item--mobile"> <a href="/en/makewaves" class="aalto-topnav__action-item--link aalto-topnav__action--mobile topnav-identifier--link-with-icon" tabindex="-1"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-heart"/> </svg> Support us </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__action-item aalto-topnav__action-item--mobile"> <a href="/en/student-guide" class="aalto-topnav__action-item--link aalto-topnav__action--mobile topnav-identifier--link-with-icon" tabindex="-1"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-level" /> </svg> Student Guide </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__action-item aalto-topnav__action-item--mobile"> <a href="/en/for-personnel" class="aalto-topnav__action-item--link aalto-topnav__action--mobile topnav-identifier--link-with-icon" tabindex="-1"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-lock_closed"/> </svg> For personnel </a> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__action-request aalto-topnav__action-item--mobile"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-info"/> </svg> <span>Aalto community members please log in to see internal content</span> </li> <li class="aalto-topnav__action-item aalto-topnav__action-item--mobile"> <a href="/en/saml_login" class="aalto-button aalto-button--primary aalto-topnav__action--mobile" tabindex="-1"> Log in </a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> <div id="aalto-search"> <div class="aalto-search__container aalto-search__container--hidden" id="search-container"> <div class="aalto-search__header content-container"> <label class="aalto-search__label" for="aalto-search__input">Search</label> <button type="button" class="aalto-search__close" id="aalto-search-close" aria-label="Close search"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-close"/> </svg> </button> </div> <div id="aalto-quicksearch"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-search__overlay" id="aalto-search-overlay"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="top-nav-sticky-header-dummy"></div> </div> </header> <div class="layout-content "> <main> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="region region--content"> <div id="block-aalto-aaltofi-aaltoquicksearch" class="block block-pdb-vue block-vue-componentaalto-quick-search"> <div class="aalto-quick-search" id="6509f0f1-a661-4087-9e9d-50067e189ea6"><div id="aalto-quicksearch2"></div> </div> </div> <div id="aalto-sidenav-title" class="aalto-sidenav-title aalto-header--at-top"> <button class="aalto-sidenav__toggle" id="hide-sidenav" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="sidenav"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-side_panel_hide" /> </svg> <span class="visually-hidden">Close side navigation</span> </button> <button class="aalto-sidenav__toggle hidden" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="sidenav" id="show-sidenav"> <svg class="aalto-inline-icon" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-side_panel_show" /> </svg> <span class="visually-hidden">Open side navigation</span> </button> <h1>School of Business</h1> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <div id="aalto-sidenav" class="aalto-sidenav open"> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled is-collapsed aalto-sidenav__links"> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business" > School of Business home </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__has-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/departments" > Departments </a> <div class="aalto-sidenav__accordion-title-container is-closed"> <button class="accordion__title aalto-sidenav__submenu-toggle is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="visually-hidden">Toggle sub navigation Departments</span> </button> </div> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled is-collapsed aalto-sidenav__submenu"> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/department-of-accounting-business-law" > Department of Accounting & Business Law </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/department-of-finance" > Department of Finance </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/department-of-management-studies" > Department of Management Studies </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/department-of-information-and-service-management" > Department of Information and Service Management </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/department-of-economics" > Department of Economics </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/department-of-marketing" > Department of Marketing </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/ckir" > Center for Knowledge and Innovation Research (CKIR) </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/research-in-the-departments" > Research </a> </li> <li class="is-active active-trail aalto-sidenav__has-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/studies-and-programmes" aria-current="page"> Study options </a> <div class="aalto-sidenav__accordion-title-container is-closed"> <button class="accordion__title aalto-sidenav__submenu-toggle is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="visually-hidden">Toggle sub navigation Study options</span> </button> </div> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled is-collapsed aalto-sidenav__submenu"> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/information-technology-program-itp" > Information Technology Program, ITP </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/biz-career-services" > Career Services for students </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/international-partner-universities" > International partner universities </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/services/school-of-business-learning-services" > Contact information for Learning Services </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__has-submenu"> <a href="/en/listing/49921" > News and events </a> <div class="aalto-sidenav__accordion-title-container is-closed"> <button class="accordion__title aalto-sidenav__submenu-toggle is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="visually-hidden">Toggle sub navigation News and events</span> </button> </div> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled is-collapsed aalto-sidenav__submenu"> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/listing/51231" > Events </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__has-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/about-the-school" > About us </a> <div class="aalto-sidenav__accordion-title-container is-closed"> <button class="accordion__title aalto-sidenav__submenu-toggle is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="visually-hidden">Toggle sub navigation About us</span> </button> </div> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled is-collapsed aalto-sidenav__submenu"> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/organisation" > Organisation and management </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/key-figures-2019-2023" > Key figures </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/equality-diversity-and-inclusion-at-the-school-of-business" > Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/sustainability-at-the-school-of-business" > Sustainability </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/100-years-at-the-forefront" > History </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__has-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/collaborate-with-us" > Collaboration </a> <div class="aalto-sidenav__accordion-title-container is-closed"> <button class="accordion__title aalto-sidenav__submenu-toggle is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="visually-hidden">Toggle sub navigation Collaboration</span> </button> </div> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled is-collapsed aalto-sidenav__submenu"> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/biz/alumni" > For alumni </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/for-corporations" > For corporations </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/services-for-employers-at-the-school-of-business" > For employers </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/contact-information-for-external-relations" > Contact information for External Relations </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/hse-support-foundation" > HSE Support Foundation </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/school-of-business" > Contact us </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__has-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/school-of-business-building-the-future" > Donate now </a> <div class="aalto-sidenav__accordion-title-container is-closed"> <button class="accordion__title aalto-sidenav__submenu-toggle is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="visually-hidden">Toggle sub navigation Donate now</span> </button> </div> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled is-collapsed aalto-sidenav__submenu"> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/donor-greetings" > Donor greetings </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/make-a-donation" > Make a donation </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/donation-options" > Donation options </a> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/donor-recognition" > Donor recognition </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="aalto-sidenav__no-submenu"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/for-aalto-community" > For Aalto community </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="aalto-article aalto-article--with-sidenav"> <div class="aalto-article__top-wrapper"> <div class="article-container aalto-article__top"> <div class="aalto-breadcrumb-container"> <nav aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <ol class="aalto-breadcrumb__list aalto-list-unstyled" vocab="https://schema.org/" typeof="BreadcrumbList"><li class="aalto-breadcrumb__item" property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><a href="/en" class="aalto-breadcrumb__text" title="Front page" property="item" typeof="WebPage"><svg class="aalto-inline-icon"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-home" /></svg><span class="aalto-visually-hidden" property="name">Front page</span></a><meta property="position" content="1"></li><li class="aalto-breadcrumb__item" property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><a href="/en/school-of-business" class="aalto-breadcrumb__text" title="School of Business" property="item" typeof="WebPage"><span property="name">School of Business</span></a><meta property="position" content="2"></li><li class="aalto-breadcrumb__item" property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><div class="aalto-breadcrumb__text" property="item" resource="https://www.aalto.fi/en/school-of-business/studies-and-programmes" typeof="WebPage" aria-current="page"><span property="name">Studies and programmes</span></div><meta property="position" content="3"></li></ol> </nav> </div> <h1> Studies and programmes</h1> <div class="aalto-article__ingress"> We at Aalto University School of Business offer our students multidisciplinary learning experiences and opportunities to solve real-world challenges in an international context. We help our students develop into valued experts, innovative entrepreneurs and responsible business and societal leaders for the future. <br /> <br /> In addition to bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees in economics and business administration, Aalto University offers lifewide learning solutions, which range all the way from individual courses to comprehensive programmes and degrees. </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-container hr-only"> <div class="aalto-hr"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--single-liftup-medium" lang="en" style=""> <section class="aalto-single-liftup aalto-single-liftup--m component-container" aria-labelledby="liftup-title-id-849497430"> <div class="aalto-single-liftup__container aalto-single-liftup__container--text-left" style=""> <div class="aalto-single-liftup__column aalto-single-liftup__column--text-left"> <div class="aalto-single-liftup__text-container"> <div class="aalto-single-liftup__body"> <h2 id="liftup-title-id-849497430">Get a degree in business</h2> <p>School of Business works for better business and a better society by educating future leaders and through impactful research. We offer bachelor's and master's level business studies as well as doctoral programmes.</p> </div> <a href="/en/study-at-aalto/get-a-degree-in-business" class="highlight">Read more </a> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-single-liftup__column aalto-single-liftup__column--image"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_6_288w_180h_d/public/2023-08/People-Management-and-Organisational-Development-students_4_Roope_Kiviranta_16_9_web.jpg?itok=8KCu9H4b 288w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_6_410w_256h_d/public/2023-08/People-Management-and-Organisational-Development-students_4_Roope_Kiviranta_16_9_web.jpg?h=e75ab034&itok=E1zXQn_Z 410w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_6_567w_354h_d/public/2023-08/People-Management-and-Organisational-Development-students_4_Roope_Kiviranta_16_9_web.jpg?h=e75ab034&itok=wVZ-ToOP 567w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_6_690w_431h_d/public/2023-08/People-Management-and-Organisational-Development-students_4_Roope_Kiviranta_16_9_web.jpg?h=e75ab034&itok=DS1reU1x 690w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1540px) 690px, (min-width: 900px) calc(50vw - 80px), (min-width: 600px) calc(50vw - 40px), (min-width: 320px) calc(100vw - 32px), 288px" width="288" height="180"/> <img loading="lazy" data-original-width="2500" data-original-height="1406" src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_6_288w_180h_d/public/2023-08/People-Management-and-Organisational-Development-students_4_Roope_Kiviranta_16_9_web.jpg?itok=8KCu9H4b" width="288" height="180" alt="Abhiteg Jammu working with other students" /> </picture> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="full-bleed-container"> <div class="aalto-hr"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--manual-liftup-small aalto-manual-liftup-small " lang="en" style=""> <div class="component-container"> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header"> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-content"> <h2 class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-title" id="liftup-title-id-1008995902"> CEMS Master’s in International Management (MIM) </h2> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-body"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Aalto University School of Business is a proud member of CEMS (the Global Alliance in Management Education) offering the top-ranked Master's in International Management (MIM) programme to Aalto students.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-cards"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/study-at-aalto/cems-master-in-international-management-mim-at-aalto-university" title="CEMS Master in International Management (MIM) at Aalto University"> CEMS Master in International Management (MIM) at Aalto University </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> Study international management in the highly regarded, world's most international MIM programme at Aalto University School of Business. CEMS is a global alliance of academic and corporate institutions and NGOs, dedicated to educating and preparing future generations of international business leaders. At Aalto, you can study CEMS MIM as an Add-on CEMS MIM programme or as an integrated part of the Global Management programme. It includes an exchange term, business project, skills seminars and exclusive and elective courses. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2018-09/38727674032_2c378c01bc_o.jpg?h=6f8e2d4a&itok=0IQ3KD4a 120w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2018-09/38727674032_2c378c01bc_o.jpg?h=6f8e2d4a&itok=isjEKXSk 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" data-original-width="3543" data-original-height="2362" src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2018-09/38727674032_2c378c01bc_o.jpg?h=6f8e2d4a&itok=0IQ3KD4a" width="120" height="120" alt="CEMS Graduation 2018_Photo: CEMS official" /> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/study-at-aalto/add-on-cems-mim-for-aalto-students" title="Add-on CEMS MIM for Aalto students "> Add-on CEMS MIM for Aalto students </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> CEMS Master in International Management (MIM) includes CEMS courses, an extensive business project, an exchange semester at another CEMS university, an international internship, and seminars familiarising the students with skills required in working life.<br /> <br /> Aalto students can apply to complete the CEMS MIM programme (66 ECTS) in parallel with their regular Aalto MSc studies during one academic year. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2023-08/GROUP-0396_more%20narrow.jpg?h=884ba2ce&itok=LzuZif3A 120w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2023-08/GROUP-0396_more%20narrow.jpg?h=884ba2ce&itok=Q5ciEEjh 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" data-original-width="2048" data-original-height="1225" src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2023-08/GROUP-0396_more%20narrow.jpg?h=884ba2ce&itok=LzuZif3A" width="120" height="120" alt="CEMS Club Helsinki board Fall 2019" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="full-bleed-container"> <div class="aalto-hr"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--manual-liftup-small aalto-manual-liftup-small " lang="en" style=""> <div class="component-container"> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header"> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-content"> <h2 class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-title" id="liftup-title-id-605170302"> Summer courses </h2> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-cards"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/school-of-business/information-technology-program-itp" title="Information Technology Program (ITP)"> Information Technology Program (ITP) </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> Aalto University Information Technology Program (ITP) is a minor program (24 ECTS) that is completed during the summer period (3 months). It brings students together from diverse backgrounds and all around the world to solve digital business problems. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2022-02/Aalto_University_ITP_c_Petri_Anttila_MG_5653_0.jpg?h=ca410fca&itok=MGsaiWYQ 120w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2022-02/Aalto_University_ITP_c_Petri_Anttila_MG_5653_0.jpg?h=ca410fca&itok=cPvF6O2l 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" data-original-width="2016" data-original-height="1134" src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2022-02/Aalto_University_ITP_c_Petri_Anttila_MG_5653_0.jpg?h=ca410fca&itok=MGsaiWYQ" width="120" height="120" alt="Students doing group work" /> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/study-at-aalto/digital-business-master-class" title="Digital Business Master Class"> Digital Business Master Class </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> Digital Business Master Class is a challenge-based course with a focus on digital technologies as tools for building businesses. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2018-10/unto_rautio_aalto_dsc4772.jpg?h=d2ed74d8&itok=Vfi_uPIK 120w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2018-10/unto_rautio_aalto_dsc4772.jpg?h=d2ed74d8&itok=swcZJQs4 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" data-original-width="4000" data-original-height="2253" src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2018-10/unto_rautio_aalto_dsc4772.jpg?h=d2ed74d8&itok=Vfi_uPIK" width="120" height="120" alt="Students riding bikes in front of the Aalto University Väre building, photo by Unto Rautio" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="full-bleed-container"> <div class="aalto-hr"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--manual-liftup-medium aalto-liftup-m " lang="en" style=""> <div class="component-container"> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header"> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-content"> <h2 class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-title" id="liftup-title-id-470749462"> Lifewide Learning </h2> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-body"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Welcome to the path of lifewide learning! The changing nature of work requires novel expertise from professionals. Old methods and completed degrees alone are no longer enough. Instead, everyone of working age can benefit from continually updating, complementing and expanding their skills. Aalto University offers also a large selection of open online courses. Study free online when it suits you best. Check out these free MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses).</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-layout-container"> <div class="aalto-layout-item aalto-liftup-m-card-container"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2023-07/Aalto_LWL_270623_by_AriToivonen_web-1490117.jpg?h=7b0368d9&itok=uSaJWoNG 288w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_567w_247h_d/public/2023-07/Aalto_LWL_270623_by_AriToivonen_web-1490117.jpg?h=7b0368d9&itok=Oi46OUGr 567w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_690w_300h_d/public/2023-07/Aalto_LWL_270623_by_AriToivonen_web-1490117.jpg?h=7b0368d9&itok=wBGS2TZG 690w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_819w_356h_d/public/2023-07/Aalto_LWL_270623_by_AriToivonen_web-1490117.jpg?h=7b0368d9&itok=qgDg-35a 819w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 900px) calc(33vw - 160px), (min-width: 600px) calc(100vw - 40px), (min-width: 320px) calc(100vw - 32px), 288px" width="819" height="356"/> <img loading="lazy" data-original-width="2500" data-original-height="1668" src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2023-07/Aalto_LWL_270623_by_AriToivonen_web-1490117.jpg?h=7b0368d9&itok=uSaJWoNG" width="288" height="125" alt="Henkilö istuu merinäkoalan edessä kuulokkeet päässä ja selaa tablettia hymyillen" /> </picture> </div> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__main-content"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__text-container"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__overflow-container"> <h2 class="aalto-liftup-m-card__header"> <a class="aalto-liftup-m-card__link" href="/en/lifewide-learning" title="Lifewide Learning"> Lifewide Learning </a> </h2> <p class="aalto-liftup-m-card__summary">Aalto University Lifewide Learning helps you develop your skills in an ever-changing environment.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="full-bleed-container"> <div class="aalto-hr"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--video" lang="en" style=""> <div class="aalto-media--video-container"> <div class="aalto-media--video"> <div class="js-cookie-content-blocker cookie-content-blocker" style="opacity: 0"> <div class="cookie-content-blocker__message-wrapper"> <div class="cookie-content-blocker__preview"> </div> <div class="cookie-content-blocker__message-container"> <h2 class="cookie-content-blocker__header">We care about your privacy.</h2> <div class="cookie-content-blocker__message"> <p>You have not yet given permission to place the required cookies from YouTube.com. Accept the required cookies to view this content.</p> </div> <div class="cookie-content-blocker__buttons"> <button class="js-cookie-content-blocker cookie-content-blocker button cookie-content-blocker__button js-cookie-content-blocker-consent-change-button aalto-button aalto-button--primary" style="opacity: 0">Show content</button> <button class="cookie-content-blocker__settings aalto-button-as-link" onclick="Cookiebot.renew()">Cookie settings</button> </div> </div> </div>  <script class="js-cookie-content-blocker-content" type="text/plain"> <iframe width="914" height="514" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/yAsSN51odTg?autoplay=0&start=0&rel=0" title="Video"></iframe> </script>  </div> <script> function showBlockers() { var blockers = document.querySelectorAll('.cookie-content-blocker'); for (var i = 0; i < blockers.length; i++) { blockers[i].style.cssText = 'opacity: 1;'; } } showBlockers(); </script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="full-bleed-container"> <div class="aalto-hr"></div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--content-liftups-auto-news paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--automatic-liftup aalto-component-wrapper--automatic-liftup-news" style=""> <div class="aalto-tiles-layout aalto-tiles-layout--automatic-liftups "> <div class="aalto-tiles-layout__top content-container"> <div class="aalto-tiles-layout__top-column"> <h2 class="aalto-tiles-layout__header">News about teaching and learning</h2> </div> <div class="aalto-tiles-layout__top-column aalto-tiles-layout__top-column--text"> <a class="aalto-button aalto-tiles-layout__button--see-all" href="/en/listing/514281">See all</a> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-tiles-layout__items-container"> <div class="aalto-tile-container"> <div class="aalto-tile aalto-tile--news"> <div class="aalto-tile__top-wrapper"> <div class="aalto-tile__top-container"> <div class="aalto-tile__image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2024-11/Unto_Rautio_Aalto_0994_weblarge.jpg?h=19f14c2c&itok=aNodDxbk 288w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_567w_247h_d/public/2024-11/Unto_Rautio_Aalto_0994_weblarge.jpg?h=19f14c2c&itok=pxXs-6DV 567w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_690w_300h_d/public/2024-11/Unto_Rautio_Aalto_0994_weblarge.jpg?h=19f14c2c&itok=7obL7-FL 690w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_819w_356h_d/public/2024-11/Unto_Rautio_Aalto_0994_weblarge.jpg?h=19f14c2c&itok=2fI7ZmK2 819w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 900px) calc(33vw - 160px), (min-width: 600px) calc(100vw - 40px), (min-width: 320px) calc(100vw - 32px), 288px" width="819" height="356"/> <img loading="lazy" data-original-width="4000" data-original-height="3000" src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2024-11/Unto_Rautio_Aalto_0994_weblarge.jpg?h=19f14c2c&itok=aNodDxbk" width="288" height="125" alt="Kolme naisopiskelijaa" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-tile__text-container aalto-tile__text-container--news"> <div class="aalto-tile__meta"> <span class="aalto-tile__meta-item aalto-tile__meta-item--category"> Studies </span> <span class="aalto-tile__meta-item aalto-tile__meta-item--label"> Published: <time datetime="2024-11-06T07:48:42+02:00">6.11.2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="aalto-tile__overflow-container aalto-tile__overflow-container--news"> <h3 class="aalto-tile__title"> <a class="aalto-tile__link" href="/en/news/students-carried-out-a-study-for-the-ey-on-gender-representation-in-transaction-services" title="Students carried out a study for the EY on gender representation in transaction services"> Students carried out a study for the EY on gender representation in transaction services</a> </h3> <span class="aalto-tile__summary"> The students analysed the future attractiveness of transaction services by interviewing female students of Industrial Engineering and Management, Finance and Accounting </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-tile-container"> <div class="aalto-tile aalto-tile--news"> <div class="aalto-tile__top-wrapper"> <div class="aalto-tile__top-container"> <div class="aalto-tile__image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2024-11/Unto_Rautio_Aalto_1249_weblarge.jpg?h=07eed235&itok=cz7LCBi9 288w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_567w_247h_d/public/2024-11/Unto_Rautio_Aalto_1249_weblarge.jpg?h=07eed235&itok=YMw-mQkO 567w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_690w_300h_d/public/2024-11/Unto_Rautio_Aalto_1249_weblarge.jpg?h=07eed235&itok=A_VekHE9 690w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_819w_356h_d/public/2024-11/Unto_Rautio_Aalto_1249_weblarge.jpg?h=07eed235&itok=KvipkpHD 819w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 900px) calc(33vw - 160px), (min-width: 600px) calc(100vw - 40px), (min-width: 320px) calc(100vw - 32px), 288px" width="819" height="356"/> <img loading="lazy" data-original-width="4000" data-original-height="2500" src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2024-11/Unto_Rautio_Aalto_1249_weblarge.jpg?h=07eed235&itok=cz7LCBi9" width="288" height="125" alt="Kolme opiskelijaa ryhmätyön äärellä" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-tile__text-container aalto-tile__text-container--news"> <div class="aalto-tile__meta"> <span class="aalto-tile__meta-item aalto-tile__meta-item--category"> Research & Art </span> <span class="aalto-tile__meta-item aalto-tile__meta-item--label"> Published: <time datetime="2024-11-01T14:02:07+02:00">1.11.2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="aalto-tile__overflow-container aalto-tile__overflow-container--news"> <h3 class="aalto-tile__title"> <a class="aalto-tile__link" href="/en/news/the-school-of-business-approach-to-sustainability-in-business-education-stands-out-in-europe" title="The School of Business’ approach to sustainability in business education stands out in Europe"> The School of Business’ approach to sustainability in business education stands out in Europe</a> </h3> <span class="aalto-tile__summary"> With over 30-year history of research in sustainability topics, we can back up the classroom experience with top level research, Dean Timo Korkeamäki says </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-tile-container"> <div class="aalto-tile aalto-tile--news"> <div class="aalto-tile__top-wrapper"> <div class="aalto-tile__top-container"> <div class="aalto-tile__image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2024-10/Paivi_Utoslahti_gradupalkinto_0.jpg?h=c7808259&itok=thYZVYcL 288w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_567w_247h_d/public/2024-10/Paivi_Utoslahti_gradupalkinto_0.jpg?h=c7808259&itok=UPjJpF-- 567w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_690w_300h_d/public/2024-10/Paivi_Utoslahti_gradupalkinto_0.jpg?h=c7808259&itok=1YIuLuPp 690w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_819w_356h_d/public/2024-10/Paivi_Utoslahti_gradupalkinto_0.jpg?h=c7808259&itok=IZlhOuYC 819w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 900px) calc(33vw - 160px), (min-width: 600px) calc(100vw - 40px), (min-width: 320px) calc(100vw - 32px), 288px" width="819" height="356"/> <img loading="lazy" data-original-width="2923" data-original-height="3654" src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2024-10/Paivi_Utoslahti_gradupalkinto_0.jpg?h=c7808259&itok=thYZVYcL" width="288" height="125" alt="Päivi Utoslahti" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-tile__text-container aalto-tile__text-container--news"> <div class="aalto-tile__meta"> <span class="aalto-tile__meta-item aalto-tile__meta-item--category"> Awards and Recognition </span> <span class="aalto-tile__meta-item aalto-tile__meta-item--label"> Published: <time datetime="2024-10-28T16:53:15+02:00">28.10.2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="aalto-tile__overflow-container aalto-tile__overflow-container--news"> <h3 class="aalto-tile__title"> <a class="aalto-tile__link" href="/en/news/aalto-master-of-business-law-student-paivi-utoslahti-won-the-best-vat-degree-of-the-year-award-in-an" title="Aalto Master of Business Law student Päivi Utoslahti won the best VAT degree of the year award in an international competition"> Aalto Master of Business Law student Päivi Utoslahti won the best VAT degree of the year award in an international competition</a> </h3> <span class="aalto-tile__summary"> Aalto's success was complemented by student Oona Särkinen, who came second in the competition </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-tile-container"> <div class="aalto-tile aalto-tile--news"> <div class="aalto-tile__top-wrapper"> <div class="aalto-tile__top-container"> <div class="aalto-tile__image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2024-10/helsinki_airport-ground_handling_101.jpg?h=241068b3&itok=DWaGwpXR 288w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_567w_247h_d/public/2024-10/helsinki_airport-ground_handling_101.jpg?h=241068b3&itok=a3SWJmSp 567w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_690w_300h_d/public/2024-10/helsinki_airport-ground_handling_101.jpg?h=241068b3&itok=Yu_xCnzj 690w, /sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_819w_356h_d/public/2024-10/helsinki_airport-ground_handling_101.jpg?h=241068b3&itok=StELrlnB 819w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 900px) calc(33vw - 160px), (min-width: 600px) calc(100vw - 40px), (min-width: 320px) calc(100vw - 32px), 288px" width="819" height="356"/> <img loading="lazy" data-original-width="1570" data-original-height="1121" src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2024-10/helsinki_airport-ground_handling_101.jpg?h=241068b3&itok=DWaGwpXR" width="288" height="125" alt="Jäänpoistoa lentokoneen ulkopinnalta." /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-tile__text-container aalto-tile__text-container--news"> <div class="aalto-tile__meta"> <span class="aalto-tile__meta-item aalto-tile__meta-item--category"> Cooperation, Studies </span> <span class="aalto-tile__meta-item aalto-tile__meta-item--label"> Published: <time datetime="2024-10-21T15:52:54+03:00">21.10.2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="aalto-tile__overflow-container aalto-tile__overflow-container--news"> <h3 class="aalto-tile__title"> <a class="aalto-tile__link" href="/en/news/students-improved-deicing-operations-at-helsinki-airport" title="Students improved deicing operations at Helsinki Airport"> Students improved deicing operations at Helsinki Airport</a> </h3> <span class="aalto-tile__summary"> In collaboration with Finavia, the Aalto students have developed innovative solutions to enhance efficiency and safety in deicing operations </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-tile-container aalto-tile-container--see-all"> <div class="aalto-tile aalto-tile--see-all"> <div class="aalto-tile__see-all-icon-container"><svg class="aalto-tile__see-all-icon aalto-inline-icon"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-arrow_chevron_up" /></svg></div> <a class="aalto-tile__see-all-text" href="/en/listing/514281">See all</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-content-bottom-wrapper content-container"> <div class="aalto-content-bottom-container"> <div class="aalto-content-bottom__updated"> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled"> <li> Published: <time datetime="2018-05-15T13:47:30+03:00">15.5.2018</time> </li> <li> Updated: <time datetime="2024-10-18T11:41:32+03:00">18.10.2024</time> </li> </ul> </div> <div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="region region--footer"> <footer class="aalto-footer content-container"> <div class="aalto-footer__breadcrumb"> <div class="aalto-breadcrumb-container"> <nav aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <ol class="aalto-breadcrumb__list aalto-list-unstyled" vocab="https://schema.org/" typeof="BreadcrumbList"><li class="aalto-breadcrumb__item" property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><a href="/en" class="aalto-breadcrumb__text" title="Front page" property="item" typeof="WebPage"><svg class="aalto-inline-icon"><use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_aaltofi/images/icons.svg#16-home" /></svg><span class="aalto-visually-hidden" property="name">Front page</span></a><meta property="position" content="1"></li><li class="aalto-breadcrumb__item" property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><a href="/en/school-of-business" class="aalto-breadcrumb__text" title="School of Business" property="item" typeof="WebPage"><span property="name">School of Business</span></a><meta property="position" content="2"></li><li class="aalto-breadcrumb__item" property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><div class="aalto-breadcrumb__text" property="item" resource="https://www.aalto.fi/en/school-of-business/studies-and-programmes" typeof="WebPage" aria-current="page"><span property="name">Studies and programmes</span></div><meta property="position" content="3"></li></ol> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-footer__container"> <div class="aalto-footer__footer-column aalto-footer__footer-navigation-column"> <div class="aalto-footer__aalto-logo-container"> <a href="/en" class="aalto-footer__aalto-logo-link" title=Home aria-label=Home rel="home"> <svg class="aalto-footer__aalto-logo aalto-logo" viewBox="0 0 143 101"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/aalto_base/images/aalto_logo.svg#logo"/> </svg> </a> </div> <div class="aalto-footer__address-container"> <div id="block-footeraddress" class="block block-block-content block-block-content9655a26e-c6be-4275-81a6-fb05dce0b6e1"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"> <p>Aalto University<br><br> P.O. Box 11000 (Otakaari 1B)<br><br> FI-00076 AALTO<br><br> Switchboard: +358 9 47001</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-footer__navigation-group"> <h2 class="aalto-footer__navigation-sub-header">Follow us:</h2> <ul class="aalto-footer__some-link-container aalto-list-unstyled"> <li> <a class="aalto-footer__some-link aalto-some__link-icon aalto-some__link-icon--facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/aaltouniversity"> <span class="aalto-visually-hidden">Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="aalto-footer__some-link aalto-some__link-icon aalto-some__link-icon--linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/school/aalto-university/"> <span class="aalto-visually-hidden">LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="aalto-footer__some-link aalto-some__link-icon aalto-some__link-icon--twitter" href="https://twitter.com/aaltouniversity"> <span class="aalto-visually-hidden">X (formerly Twitter)</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="aalto-footer__some-link aalto-some__link-icon aalto-some__link-icon--instagram" href="https://www.instagram.com/aaltouniversity/"> <span class="aalto-visually-hidden">Instagram</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="aalto-footer__some-link aalto-some__link-icon aalto-some__link-icon--youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/aaltouniversity"> <span class="aalto-visually-hidden">Youtube</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="aalto-footer__some-link aalto-some__link-icon aalto-some__link-icon--snapchat" href="/snapchat"> <span class="aalto-visually-hidden">Snapchat</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="aalto-footer__some-link aalto-some__link-icon aalto-some__link-icon--blogs" href="https://ourblogs.aalto.fi/"> <span class="aalto-visually-hidden">Blogs</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-footer__footer-column aalto-footer__footer-navigation-column"> <div class="aalto-footer__navigation-group"> <h2 class="aalto-footer__navigation-sub-header">Quicklinks</h2> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled"> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/research-art">Research and artistic outputs</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/learning-centre">Library – Learning Centre</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/study-at-aalto">Admissions</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/for-alumni">Alumni</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/for-the-media">Media</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/it-services">IT services</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/aalto-university-open-university">Open University</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="https://shop.aalto.fi/">Aalto University Shop</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/site-index">Site index</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="aalto-footer__navigation-group"> <h2 class="aalto-footer__navigation-sub-header">Latest</h2> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled"> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/news">News</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/events">Events</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/open-positions">Careers</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-footer__footer-column aalto-footer__footer-navigation-column"> <div class="aalto-footer__navigation-group"> <h2 class="aalto-footer__navigation-sub-header">Contact</h2> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled"> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/campus/campus-maps-addresses-and-opening-hours-in-otaniemi">Campus maps</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/aalto-university/aalto-university-contact-information">Contact information</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/aalto-university/ethical-channel">Ethical channel – Whistleblowing</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="aalto-footer__navigation-group"> <h2 class="aalto-footer__navigation-sub-header">For students</h2> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled"> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="/en/student-guide">Student Guide</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="https://outlook.office.com">Webmail</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="https://mycourses.aalto.fi/?lang=fi">MyCourses</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="https://mystudies.aalto.fi">MyStudies</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__navigation-item"><a class="aalto-footer__navigation-item-link" href="https://sis-aalto.funidata.fi/">Sisu</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-footer__footer-column"> <div class="aalto-footer__liftup-box"> <h2 class="aalto-footer__liftup-title"> Together towards a better world. </h2> <p class="aalto-footer__liftup-text">Support new ideas, research, work and leadership development towards a stronger Finland.</p> <a class="aalto-button" href="/en/give-for-the-future">Donate to Aalto University</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-footer__bottom-container"> <div class="aalto-footer__bottom-links-container"> <div class="aalto-footer__bottom-links"> <ul class="aalto-footer__bottom-links-list aalto-list-unstyled"> <li class="aalto-footer__bottom-link-item"><a class="aalto-footer__bottom-link" href="/en/aalto-handbook/privacy-notice-for-aaltofi">Privacy notice</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__bottom-link-item"><a class="aalto-footer__bottom-link" href="/en/aalto-handbook/cookie-policy">Cookie policy</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__bottom-link-item"><a class="aalto-footer__bottom-link" href="/en/services/feedback-on-aaltofi">Feedback</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__bottom-link-item"><a class="aalto-footer__bottom-link" href="/en/aalto-handbook/accessibility-statement-aalto-university">Accessibility statement</a></li> <li class="aalto-footer__bottom-link-item"> <a class="aalto-footer__bottom-link" href="javascript: Cookiebot.renew()">Cookie settings</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-footer__bottom-links-container aalto-footer__bottom-links-container--language"> <div class="aalto-footer__bottom-links"> <ul class="aalto-list-unstyled"> <li class="aalto-footer__bottom-link-item aalto-subsite-footer__language-link-item"> <a href="/fi/kauppakorkeakoulu/opiskelu-ja-ohjelmat" class="aalto-footer__bottom-link aalto-subsite-footer__language-link" lang="fi"><span>Suomeksi</span></a> </li> <li class="aalto-footer__bottom-link-item aalto-subsite-footer__language-link-item"> <a href="/sv/handelshogskolan/studier-och-program" class="aalto-footer__bottom-link aalto-subsite-footer__language-link" lang="sv"><span>Svenska</span></a> </li> <li class="aalto-footer__bottom-link-item aalto-subsite-footer__language-link-item"> <a href="/en/school-of-business/studies-and-programmes" aria-current="true" class="aalto-footer__bottom-link aalto-subsite-footer__language-link" lang="en"><span>English</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div data-metadata="71e6ff3 2024-11-21 18:26:31 +0200" style="display:none;"></div> <script> (function(){ try{ var metadata = document.querySelector('div[data-metadata]'); var now = new Date(); var changed = new Date(now.getTime() + ((new Date(now.toLocaleString('en-US', {timeZone: 'Europe/Helsinki'}))) - (new Date(now.toLocaleString('en-US', {timeZone: 'GMT'}))))); metadata.setAttribute('data-timestamp',changed.toISOString().replace('T',' ').replace(/\.\d+Z/,' ') + metadata.getAttribute('data-metadata').replace(/.*\d+:\d+:\d+ /,'')); }catch(e){} })() </script> <script src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/js/js_JMCMFMI2V2JGNNgRtkjrrghwlSqPALqFmyL7YdNx210.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=aalto_aaltofi&include=eJx1j1FywzAIBS9klyNpniWsEMsitXDa3L5OpHGauP1heMuwA0AydQizZLeaJLEb4ci6ygIMCTdeaO_aRNhlNRnFw0QzveXOq04b85qNs7khqZ82TcV9w33DzTmgMMmMyE6HM3tzo1ibPeoo9JK6qBoTO0OkaPNrRHzPHzjju_me95XtEPoLth8GNdq7tp2Q43q_s3yJ-dP22D_892e1LRI449pdwlBJ_7mKn_rCWPyJRlXb164r04I54KgxvdwtB_6QVdcPd0rBOw"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtm.js?snb905"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtag.js?snb905"></script> <script src="/sites/g/files/flghsv161/files/js/js_xi4gOHYTb8iFf7SC8IzFxEXI9h_HcHLU1jY-PWGWXRw.js?scope=footer&delta=3&language=en&theme=aalto_aaltofi&include=eJx1j1FywzAIBS9klyNpniWsEMsitXDa3L5OpHGauP1heMuwA0AydQizZLeaJLEb4ci6ygIMCTdeaO_aRNhlNRnFw0QzveXOq04b85qNs7khqZ82TcV9w33DzTmgMMmMyE6HM3tzo1ibPeoo9JK6qBoTO0OkaPNrRHzPHzjju_me95XtEPoLth8GNdq7tp2Q43q_s3yJ-dP22D_892e1LRI449pdwlBJ_7mKn_rCWPyJRlXb164r04I54KgxvdwtB_6QVdcPd0rBOw"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-db714826d6dc6f30ac6","applicationID":"439323269","transactionName":"YVADYUZVDUNRBRYIDlgaIFZAXQxeHyIQFBFXWT1bW1AGbHMJDBUTWVkNUEZoLV9UAzQIBEF2DltARgxcXAMQTF9AXARC","queueTime":3,"applicationTime":1031,"atts":"TRcAFw5PHk0=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Studies and programmes | Aalto University