CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134b484ea8ffe00',cH: 'LhTmTIksj_xz2O7oNw_63aW9Z5kbbTSnOw5a_lTcEeM-1739784064-1.2.1.1-TYpDxIeo49epClzNKF28IpsK1FEXNgiFHuyk9N.mkB5DTQBNAyFydNNKUvf1dKxv',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=environmental%20variations&__cf_chl_tk=Z1_vXB1ZMudVbQPTt9ZOHgSdLGN9uz7YyFjpMRDHAJc-1739784064-1.0.1.1-7FPCJy4dn66ZlqAzVdMmLNGrJjyw04GpHt_HfliHAEs",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739784064',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=environmental%20variations&__cf_chl_f_tk=Z1_vXB1ZMudVbQPTt9ZOHgSdLGN9uz7YyFjpMRDHAJc-1739784064-1.0.1.1-7FPCJy4dn66ZlqAzVdMmLNGrJjyw04GpHt_HfliHAEs",md: "t1fA.tSvtxxWgcAbZ92OxSVJGLWAGE87MI5xwum4TOU-1739784064-1.2.1.1-pAfUWjTBmuzgT6.N3.MAgkfRQG1BYEXyduQGM7La3tOZxLWkt0JUiDdtuZT09p577r8Hnse7O8kg4mplF_6PthzOeJHN8HVDrUmmHo6rqw9iDmSBgtd4RwwsxG_BoK7OZlb6aygAA9PaJv6gJyXhdNnrYwmfjBEWHtwXgWogN.8iKVUzOitzgvQKqe9JF9Zzq7gZljnCV5KeZfE103e6Sk20DeJ0YhyYK0YkhyjupSKCIMBqc9A5bHz9TPI7XBjo_rpH1tx_zQGJt5wtbEf9IXKD0K5fh_Tm1.nHDQ1GXLCbLg_DKE4GQFlDjZ_mlKgTheiK6FfLc159mw1z1ZNslnGzghkUxJjrnMb_XgMuKnojgpAfmAFRVoaSNPk0gqcWmcHPmzcW1syvnlwDCaP1zAOwd.adNIctBDrAkH2CLF3y6CEcNX9sg_79rJToRLjwlRS32RgP05EpOec.Upmp2v_RIHfAh_SatkC8KLLtWbeZOmUIxCm7Cz7c0pFIcNiffCf2EMR76D8f2Co1jRtRD5376thm1_Egl2Bdxl4KKQlrNyIkFLK6nfFPhN.laduOoP7B.clKCuAZXYUfnc7WMKVib9KiN1WwGYp.f16UZJkiox0XHLcEM1Fe2YjZfpuuB44FD5bYuICH.KrNvmCiZ7d2P6ohvtekq.u105WXlbdOGyrzinYXGecMWEz1fb8vPo_WWCIYJX4T3JzuSCzurCJb8Ca6J4eCdCNXhbY4H_Q5riQDY9R1Hv7hSz2t5PL1.0QkXYUSZMRSJXJerNkOo0nRibYLgMrWDw2ax74MxlcVTpdBENWQ4Uq7iSMLlYjKgu6iIM0GN1gwtTBNcsG5IeBIzoJVi7NVEXWkHCWU0ejXSBQNdunSLRH.WUSDM6vlkSU40.M6z5d7ueTKAWtzhxcQ84aB4NiadAWnwrxiVSS6kFvxdPZiR4EHcG_cTqZ.zVtrLmdjEYIuTLmQjsy4DFxm2iVKWQ0j457d2m3sHDsVZ8piJX0pXP3nHg08O5LpvZajv9ZVTqXxaDLe2bVAFogiG8a8OSUd6g2LXKnS5vZqGbLf8eedYcMnNHBfVdAojnupVZ4CiLYrcXyGdRA5VHhSyFvOO4yMeTllQF4zjdBq6D8RLeo4alAc320.gS0hA8PEzvCAqeZowSCc4_pZIdAWfv5jY4huvjQcAYcCwQu5lot9Q_7vDD5NseUKbt1vE3BR5igHaQ.t3duE6zamjhqJNBbQAu_j8UyrlXDOtGzmVsvXUnAV9js5O8iDwd_coTi0DslToZwvTX2AKuzytwH2Gl.ZQoyLpbNVNNMut.NAS4ExkYDJOLCIy.jKyeBMcgTOPdusrpiwlNQpJ2Q8Z7XXQ9JB_3ZXweobJPnVqQChzuhkK5CiLlO7eXZ9Vlnd_GIPfgAnC5BIIyQu8K0HZHdpk2hlWDOei9BzUAxYCMkLlBoWz7.YcJjY7Wdpj8sCfGcBbQbGgtm8r8gRkVtucNh37CZsvMVrZj_mZ4WzqVMynbS_QeRgaeSkgzVAjEYYY8_8Mkdb8lJvPiW4pPF2YFJodMLISx5oZzIYXrMQWziwOt1h0Ji7JL0QhQbQJ2k4d2lr37hdapuodO2jy0mgByeUMfQupJxomC9j3Gj0aDIlb.ZSIWLRRpdlvvzVqxYi2k7GW72Vjajk4vv1bZR3aoNGYsdFcDHTus17KdJml0mRXpykfmRZn6YqqulfxQzFkqRas.Z.WAEc8G6ilI7qO_T3ghTMcsGlKLeuzDMtcvD5CdW30I11QlNuD.zcMvqRAk2JplZtFd9Vvb0vPC0OxsCsMcNeK9ieQi61RnCgcGKdgk_vILz7e_oKDUXzOQxUS75H5mg_DznlWApyKF7xfCbLVG7k8IGM6KzBD1zA1N2jFefs9D4NoXZFjqLREJ.7Ju_c5tn4HFBNoaE4sOddrPFdmNs4G6UYudbmW2S9J3Xi5uhACIieNayFMFQ18Mr.",mdrd: "rW6X0QF.Eo5SNKQt33RtbpaYrlkuQPnDu7FfWeihtAE-1739784064-1.2.1.1-zmtEiHTrdSm85fvqVrIuAYmFxTqjYiDE364yyI.TTwIErxn1RI8OtMrB2I4__JijxwPpXEACsq7Oolu_H5YC1y76ya.kb_O.pf90.FgN14qOyfjCYSz2KOVZQaJRjG229oFM5mQlAZpawpL0kbGj.x7kXNhu7R_MqpwLFgsnYmKj1WZBl6OAoSTI09lqnldxynr11B.AEvW616GeWWzeaHYoz0bmQAzBWluCia.2p0guaviwWFIHUuCvD95Pt43WC1XPChlj9P770qcPUPIsss_cJESaUjbxnk_av_.KXXT7XXFwG6DWxKuKQh3No8_NlgSfYsEHBY6d.5Vu72wP4Q.TU4WI7kG4msuE__1M1..c4HXy_mVg0RugxNxAbDyJyk7zHD0z4744RG5E._RDfg1uMxvqINQa4xVYvU.bsaiI3orUi0H8ZpZAxVVqqHyVg5geERDwQRxrOkBahaXKBWhePTdeoPb33D0ZkGPO_vOo_12zuKdazKYQEzj3ixBK7mbU7KBMnipXarUkwQGaa3BaaTMwXSRw67GjiNp7DCq3JSgF7oVK_uGi7VjOc68S3FxCYTSrIGutaXSn08O6kKH.Hx61iExvqhBcvelDH62oIFIc_2opZCdQBKB1iO.vgb1FkHnFydIazdcQ3UuSjDlQi7oqhyVwYVRcCHhU.teXK3u7Gsi9Ij1l4IMI58tzW2Vmu38v43..zJN17XZrbVVHgfF3Tzfpx5y6aLWL98MglqowWy2OjxrGxPm8GO2dW.oXqqGRSLPw472FPL3ONw5fczb3V1kc.wxHiaMqimz0R6dUlBsSJYVRZ7pgIomXfD.EBza08NfnxK2TJcvvqJx1wYOyEUr_64ystgyNiC98x5veD5CAzgLgqEKS0CP5O0NJEd1Ware5iKh5.WeyF2udzribzP4ml4P2a8BdPr6RcNgxekuvdora0gw62dmUO34NLJ.wOQXBM1H1wpx3_WM7nsrxrfAvrLCFeCeu2uA1mwINf2zZJodYZflGqDzHHXAHWCUTzid_wlVNZvRrrTtrvripTbUfvNbEP2phnT2jj9GqaURoQ23bRpLSaoKFoC1xynPfTd7MCuJ5Fy3PtLEhZH3q957f..GWZRCOgsb4MIkxfXQXmg8p8UQvlP.ssGra3_iPFg3QLBmV3QdixVcExmTM5K4XC0vrHURgrDoBzh6RxxyVhBRLYSxTSnB73STagy15Uji1LltJ6ZrmsdLOkzRZ6WxNbdlA6qKpVqiV6TeXzCiT6fbzvYjv1.pOJawRNR_2fTrGKk2PWxFrUyJ2u0bO8bNkG.sscotbshVmrbNH.CIx56I7R8nE3i48YZjuI6WixKuOidxZm6UM1tE9Egl_O5O1AuIwmMUQqPnMeVx9cIKMMJBwo6blMGJ3q9oX7cOgu7wnIVs6kctLSLZvmNoE5ZCZ6XeB0dbdQnojtrI4m2Rnri69A0B7RmCftbGTmFhZRxG50MRaAzVPuGJV3mGPlld3gNFbSy9uTJvmaDXqr_wkccKIZlT6ZPzmPREMQ1RtvoVIrJS_vKNwww8njYtD8286lgrIUqkAF72DT60erJ3OKAq23BQSUB1FXG.3Omtq8qgZxR1EDD.5Wrb3.g29P7ViqAazxtklwXWq78VXeeTxP4E7g9AO.PSj7wJ15VOl5irjaHuPmwGiiMqnIj30H2_9pCOJVFmAwObFKx1ziBtzdmUlUH0qIM8ObbZxAprkzCRa4gIBWnYdoPPSQoKZ58ERkLc5nkZWOGtQTuloQ5VA5T.NP2uwgs2Sm2eNhY0XWGjUKUXFadphd8Cq5nRHOKjVc_KCyqtNYopCXBlMcf.UeUTMwRRVRsTgaBDQl24fptBma.zcPYQa5KMzkcRq5GwP8pPkOyTmfpjuWwgj79w73qTkvhc4RDBoWvMhpxpL8ypx09UjRWxesvwUnxhxFzbh4mWe4fpXVS9f.bfmtLQsEALPTB.0ul2c5nuaDCP7SfFX5JHiawqb4Q"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134b484ea8ffe00';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=environmental%20variations&__cf_chl_rt_tk=Z1_vXB1ZMudVbQPTt9ZOHgSdLGN9uz7YyFjpMRDHAJc-1739784064-1.0.1.1-7FPCJy4dn66ZlqAzVdMmLNGrJjyw04GpHt_HfliHAEs" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>