CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9133fdf30cc10a9d',cH: 'LJ9EsT_u99f_wXOH1_UgpvDbcjRJc9MIDA3NQDi_k_o-1739776586-1.2.1.1-NC3WDmclHUcXWTkmsQOXtOtHiCZZNwOZa7puhdpFurRsZHSYKVF9svL.59SCbBOO',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=semicircular%20canyon&__cf_chl_tk=zWZ_Iqs7FhRoNukVfSC7AQClZM.C27EdYp.6tRhZrVw-1739776586-1.0.1.1-EDOkxmBqxph9IGBizswZhsG3tuN8gGbSqIHhPYnY9p0",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739776586',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=semicircular%20canyon&__cf_chl_f_tk=zWZ_Iqs7FhRoNukVfSC7AQClZM.C27EdYp.6tRhZrVw-1739776586-1.0.1.1-EDOkxmBqxph9IGBizswZhsG3tuN8gGbSqIHhPYnY9p0",md: "QBAV_c1z_YBGKRyFbzpJc916Rlu0XzjaCK84TFPAgFw-1739776586-1.2.1.1-VkbgvUDff2o.2GXUxmsci34Da7Ox97Vq.JziOwERVKR0oJBkIGjsxcucPoVVdQXH44.fFGngtAD9UhSgesPQ2vsCP2l64VeTAugfh2AT62IxmkUWtu_X6AhchA8NDt11qe0mKITNSzqUruwXl3DaLkM_kl0fPsP0_r01s_ZDN77INDEtjSpHEEkcTSSF3rKk.1uxu0h4H0R.5ZkXAl.Tfh6VYzBbzPTsKd4Op4_jD5yBWicODEr7vdsfuW1onZtQ59DosrkjZ5O.KpeUq0Lty.RBqt2L2Q1DxoczsCqUrh77Bli96E0nDddhcOodWJ9vBS0q1PpRC17ngCSZz4g920dkaBOnlJeZCl7QLvwS8UmHKpZkTkHyPVDGlxxotIa677uyT0MU.Ls6JU84Fz.55qvb62DDwvmasZeIh_wiKLQ.Z9ZtFsQys1l65coXhXe4uNSZML3qnlVlmxlk4oWTyt9e4s4x1MRX3CieiBXZaKb3DF9t26gnflyFnMIKUDAp981drw1JOmWFF0vtwS2KPtYaEcE0EBpSSb_SVLzqt4VSA.BpLcfL5VwaTjNauaxU9AF6mv1s4USbUAV7xFt1J.9mQjZkaJR_AlVbQ9z7J0V0iS8YPvU09HxmTMeC1CMf24LGwp2aF0IvChzJWjUnwE9G5sjC6tq0mZffDf58swh5R6zwTCU1TrGUlPUIneG01erzAnIHR9FNUKDJK8xeQaUd7CPAo7IgvgEQZJybDOduuZnspLwx75dUVGISIMUvoI7_qOnGZ_0rgtblbrdnWQICnqARqD7Obm_7L7ssKG6cICgaezgSGUrXwWrM_tn37N5QZinkgz_VwiPDOjXcgJ837p7uAe9RZX9Z1HtGyEAgOqnqm25_9zUQ79eW6.aP27VFch5KFdnP_SBo6K6XW.pD3O9qTH9bvmB4NxpzuFN4jQb4z6xR2YBFyX7Oaw5npqtXxm12RcsraFE6Px2aOP.xYIgPObCxXsymMqwY.yLof0nSiU9BC1HWQlp60o6bbjafLcm8s7tNItKVOqgxgnnPfZHGKZW3aPOrnTDA55CJWljUnQQ2iag7ukT9LsjwHhW5BSwH4splVi3Xs3CUv_7IFtlgmIFRXsK20WlZhakYHpT2Hpccp_O1NDcwW4tgcwkhD7DMxPyS23ahAXnW_T.f6Lh0IErhzmoul4XYOa4sgyMTkfUiEocS.Fvc.ZtzItGonQAmncobP_YDu9M2gU0ui8kHDETdZ1CajBUx2F6VX6anNXR4q95E2ZipxnaADFDJgiw2DYIqCNyXuUJrxpyzrovAf0MOdIAMf9EwunYPBJaFaLTf3uB9U1ptuUyVaddHs1QmLXZUK3EF20p5WIM9G9gRd4hiXuWRMLAxktn1KxuW.byA4NprOkgDep945LiVPKHhBsDjdSIvul3BBsC3t5YkEELAsrQugY35scy4HMPMhKWnRX.4Q5hhPXVoOHnwq_TIR40NiaBrkw_bs2WCrR1zXz1bpFO7uCWJk8BvqzDvdAn1mFZGpNxGeC_pqg7kfVD0Hy5tRFcP8cjwOGJbgjVc_TCIQ6LdR8FlUF2gaJR2_18W0_UllTk1apwhHPOmWYBAq94zQWIA.5pENPWw.nJ5FmoPQdCvvoTAS4PgRvAnYHjzmG6kkcjEXYOlCTieIibHac7fP_8LKbGAGt7EXsekqXrhBzcpi4FrTqAW4FNLqwh3YYd0S60Um0PPrS.NNLlzsN16ohBqHsPztHdMp.Jo1vBGnxEtR.1QrsBIxYeyMV3irnDweZx0NOIE4d6FF6Vciih.sbIbLk4S4eqWPU25EsnSwIeEkVChwJcaumQED.q2y.zzMu4DSQ23WLR4paM5oJbHLpbaTiYaFFZ3owcfS.XUycjdx5F4r0YRNt6xC6PznzKXUvJoBGgTFGoTZuYE.OCq8zUHZ4jqzKvgDI2E91q0Grs1HWTb2JFafJV7Kb25212an6hybjii",mdrd: "gv7MED4uiIGjQVz0dyyLWITT7TKLYiq3ZFlfbVCEe0M-1739776586-1.2.1.1-LbPnRvDBt0_pgNqV3kiHB8ZtjV_J6iucxWADCeXXd2jzeOAkHVdfxGFgSrPt2Ofn5svtrULV2hfu2GDOidd2kKDtY9Wdgc5BJKORi2Wnh1Mq.Yy1YXe7un3SKsjXvNBHtZJwRVRKXwNdqIs.39dBWG8tCIGyYdMGJRlCI6Q8BGmfkBFQekCM0JiFVvvXtCbJS17Af4qHKZRZEbPGW9frBoZ_vI8ww6UFv9QRVor1iUohm.JIgVGYefE94KZqy3bRUdovKskkRQ2deGhn4FwHhuP90rrpoYFlmq519sGP8HdhdRZJqgBy7Wdie9o2oCcWRjbwNgajx7M7SRBMs_HrO8xMUyP2oP0Apkusvy4_plZba4bYiHNexk0rSyinW2bRmu0F2uL7jd35kjvH7HhytXan1L5ZpSfTDppKYm4KDUoxAafFW..CMOgxUvfLHpDvn7wbFc4FgNRJUR3lwqPD72NbgCOu.I_vxvQB_PeyivtDLyIB2I6wAflTsiC30l13egIUHnG2PhTeDOOkQqFou_NiAYoMYvHkP_qJzOq.RIwBePdi357nngoP0mCkfVco9ysnWfHv5_KTXIJlAjh.D3f8ukDHgIwuEAWgihFbiuCwK0yz3vJNtWdC2CxPdrn5ftTepByDBDV6sA49vdMoIJD1r4DEGcHVSGPUcm6KP7SyH_DvDp_oacRa4WVn.x3J1VOiyxXpPfiHNcSjm.olB2yxPJx_hPqIblc5CE.EaZn9y7S9zA3Yur0O5cg11QdiMbTG6CPja8_B_redmQ9uPJRoF2Rt7HOh1nDn1Nk9.TK43oZDANXvpIxujRkgTVsdjo.GFbIcHei5NOWo0rCmAr3MuR5SaIUj5Us9nFDBUBsVXJ9wP37Xww1gZLFl8B_rpPRjM4qPZBLvtbjNyx1CpwmWedpg_AjnNPHUymsI9LHdqdLTOSKpvTkEEf1vZOLu9AjldfvdcOfFk1YUmBhsaUI44_A6WlspAY3lSH5UStZ1ThP_8dzR5p8vn12lPz2W36tHC5JeijY0TAQYc7nFx7_r7R.WNmwdKl.vTZ6k89Vr.T1HIPMlNqlurbKL6O_EPDYLZMgTmkXqiPhdLOKlNmSIbWH3oeXTd7zEMCJUqqoTIaOarPhsVydyyCpbJ8HqGyS1985rF9Qh_JvXGLTrtO5eSTcMGzuzGgeSHGDeL_HPzkOhXDg9hoaaoOvRD.QyvkGdW2niqk6az9Qe60qplMpLYEEmMhqyVaLWXiA36vQ.FsHLxm8qBkuQXYPq350kqdUF6K7RD3abNyz3pVhOQ_cRQPxuX4q.p5VnI3onYIKlSSqQMZHfbS.mdPJyaCe6vn7Chy2gaME8ZVKxwKbiSI9Bghs1yVURANKLFumCLX9FK8ZMIxjHel0QS_ktsJBT0HmrSvJO_005rXemdzcIeySUeRdhn783BET4K_V1Rt5isb3OxF0iSs5DDciVO.9ebBysaz4GPLmHRM.AHY7T5CBk9jdlS.U5TSfmV17cg._lBw6kuL6hg.bXrR5gsXO2_TstGNMAYcfTAvTBcyj4TJot4AzHRzCLrXrdGiefRRZP8krK_P1iEce2Jg7FzZ1rGHRV8fncO7p4B9NDXnmWRkc_gGCgmCE6uAfHTG2QCHTwEIvvgpEvwwDWhgmMvureQFZKIWWx_9rYc15lr59wnQHXazzqx6BjgfyxyTQ1m3MJBr4a2hrCfg5euLiXalhJlY6Azj5FIjskzSmIsNo1wM63PaeMehsnt8_yZoPl4Fu6RsX9icIYgDogQhcScYKaVxMI62qPWXIGMhwrg4VQKUPAKgNBj3muINgiKeHfm3_FlEqrIJD0nGD5KeX410NlXL85XpMEKJKguUqFuW_ThNRnd_woweedbGgawTMArYaPWVR_MBc1rnkUojJcTH9cq76JTsR7iRUMiDZLhLnaK6OxA3dcAaBmoG7qFnzcoXY2rseVcr0JdsvGeCZi3obv"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9133fdf30cc10a9d';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=semicircular%20canyon&__cf_chl_rt_tk=zWZ_Iqs7FhRoNukVfSC7AQClZM.C27EdYp.6tRhZrVw-1739776586-1.0.1.1-EDOkxmBqxph9IGBizswZhsG3tuN8gGbSqIHhPYnY9p0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>