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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Amezruy_n_tesnujjya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amezruy_n_tesnujjya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Amezruy n tesnujjya</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Amezruy_n_tesnujjya-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Amezruy n tesnujjya</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Amezruy_n_tesnujjya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tazwara_n_umezruy_d_tallit_n_zik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tazwara_n_umezruy_d_tallit_n_zik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span><i>Tazwara n umezruy d tallit n zik</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tazwara_n_umezruy_d_tallit_n_zik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tallit_talemmast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tallit_talemmast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Tallit talemmast</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tallit_talemmast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-lqern_wis_19_d_lqern_wis_20" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#lqern_wis_19_d_lqern_wis_20"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>lqern wis 19 d lqern wis 20</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-lqern_wis_19_d_lqern_wis_20-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isurrifen_ussnanen_isnajjyanen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isurrifen_ussnanen_isnajjyanen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Isurrifen ussnanen isnajjyanen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isurrifen_ussnanen_isnajjyanen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tussniwin_tigejdanin_n_tesnujjya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tussniwin_tigejdanin_n_tesnujjya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tussniwin tigejdanin n tesnujjya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tussniwin_tigejdanin_n_tesnujjya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timuzzag_tisnajjyanin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timuzzag_tisnajjyanin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Timuzzag tisnajjyanin</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Timuzzag_tisnajjyanin-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Timuzzag tisnajjyanin</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Timuzzag_tisnajjyanin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-S_leqdic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#S_leqdic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>S leqdic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-S_leqdic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-S_wudem_n_umuḍin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#S_wudem_n_umuḍin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>S wudem n umuḍin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-S_wudem_n_umuḍin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-S_yisekkilen_n_tfekka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#S_yisekkilen_n_tfekka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>S yisekkilen n tfekka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-S_yisekkilen_n_tfekka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-S_waṭṭan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#S_waṭṭan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>S waṭṭan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-S_waṭṭan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-S_wudem_n_Tecriḥt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#S_wudem_n_Tecriḥt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>S wudem n Tecriḥt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-S_wudem_n_Tecriḥt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timeẓriwin_d_tlisa_n_tesnujjya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeẓriwin_d_tlisa_n_tesnujjya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Timeẓriwin d tlisa n tesnujjya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeẓriwin_d_tlisa_n_tesnujjya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ẓeṛ_daɣen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ẓeṛ_daɣen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ẓeṛ daɣen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ẓeṛ_daɣen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Tasnujjya</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 190 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-190" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">190 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneeskunde" title="Geneeskunde — Tafrikant" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Geneeskunde" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Tafrikant" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medizin" title="Medizin — Talmanit n Swiss" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Medizin" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Talmanit n Swiss" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%95%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%93" title="ሕክምና — Tamahrict" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሕክምና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tamahrict" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Taṛagunit" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Taṛagunit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8" title="طب — Taɛrabt" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Taɛrabt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%A3%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܐܣܝܘܬܐ — araméen" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܣܝܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="araméen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8" title="طب — arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="طب" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8" title="طب — arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="طب" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="চিকিৎসা-বিজ্ঞান — Tasamizt" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চিকিৎসা-বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Tasamizt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Tasturit" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Tasturit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Tavarikt" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Tavarikt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qulla" title="Qulla — Taymarit" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Qulla" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Taymarit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibb" title="Tibb — Tazerbayǧant" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tibb" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Tazerbayǧant" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%A8" title="طیب — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="طیب" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualité"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Tabackirt" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Tabackirt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Med%C4%97c%C4%97na" title="Medėcėna — samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Medėcėna" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagbulong" title="Pagbulong — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pagbulong" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медыцына — Tabilarusit" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Медыцына" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Tabilarusit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мэдыцына — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мэдыцына" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Tabulgarit" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Tabulgarit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_(%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE)" title="डाक्टरी (बिद्या) — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="डाक्टरी (बिद्या)" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisin" title="Medisin — Tabislamat" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Medisin" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Tabislamat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%94k%C9%94t%C9%94r%C9%94ya" title="Dɔkɔtɔrɔya — Tabambarat" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Dɔkɔtɔrɔya" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Tabambarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="চিকিৎসাবিজ্ঞান — Tabengalit" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চিকিৎসাবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Tabengalit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82" title="གསོ་རིག — Tatibitant" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གསོ་རིག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tatibitant" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="চিকিৎসা বিজ্ঞান — bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="চিকিৎসা বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezegiezh" title="Mezegiezh — Tabrutunt" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mezegiezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Tabrutunt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Tabusnit" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Tabusnit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Анагааха ухаан — Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Анагааха ухаан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Takaṭalant" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Takaṭalant" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AC-h%C5%8Fk" title="Ĭ-hŏk — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ĭ-hŏk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Tačičinit" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tačičinit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisina" title="Medisina — Tacibwanit" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Medisina" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Tacibwanit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%85%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%98" title="ᏅᏬᏘ — Tacirukit" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏅᏬᏘ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Tacirukit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="پزیشکی — Takurdit Talemmast" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پزیشکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Takurdit Talemmast" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Takuṛsit" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Takuṛsit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9ka%C5%99stv%C3%AD" title="Lékařství — Tačikit" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lékařství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tačikit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medic%C3%ABna" title="Medicëna — kachoube" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Medicëna" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kachoube" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Tačubact" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tačubact" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddygaeth" title="Meddygaeth — Takusit" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Meddygaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Takusit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A6gevidenskab" title="Lægevidenskab — Tadanit" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lægevidenskab" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Tadanit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medizin" title="Medizin — Talmant" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Medizin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Talmant" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%B1b" title="Tıb — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Tıb" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Ιατρική — Tagrikit" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιατρική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Tagrikit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine — Taglizit" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Medicine" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Taglizit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicino" title="Medicino — Taspirantit" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Medicino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Taspirantit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Taspenyulit" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Taspenyulit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meditsiin" title="Meditsiin — Tasṭunit" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Meditsiin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Tasṭunit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medikuntza" title="Medikuntza — Tabaskit" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Medikuntza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Tabaskit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medecina" title="Medecina — estrémègne" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Medecina" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estrémègne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B2%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="پزشکی — Tafarisit" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پزشکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Tafarisit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4%C3%A4ketiede" title="Lääketiede — Tafinit" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lääketiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Tafinit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arstitiid%C3%BCs" title="Arstitiidüs — võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Arstitiidüs" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A6knafr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Læknafrøði — Tafirwanit" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Læknafrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Tafirwanit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9decine" title="Médecine — Tafransist" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Médecine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Tafransist" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8decina" title="Mèdecina — francoprovençal" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Mèdecina" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="francoprovençal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisine" title="Medisine — Tafriyulant" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Medisine" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Tafriyulant" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gen%C3%AAskunde" title="Genêskunde — Tafrizunt n umalu" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Genêskunde" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Tafrizunt n umalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADochaine" title="Míochaine — Tirlandit" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Míochaine" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Tirlandit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9dsin" title="Médsin — créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Médsin" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C3%B2las-leighis" title="Eòlas-leighis — Tagaylikt n Skuṭland" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Eòlas-leighis" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Tagaylikt n Skuṭland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Tagalisit" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Tagalisit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poh%C3%A3nokuaa" title="Pohãnokuaa — Tagaranit" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pohãnokuaa" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Tagaranit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedokteran" title="Kedokteran — Taguruntalut" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Kedokteran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Taguruntalut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lheeys" title="Lheeys — Tamanksit" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Lheeys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Tamanksit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%AE-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Yî-ho̍k — hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Yî-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%90%D7%94" title="רפואה — Taɛebrit" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רפואה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Taɛebrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="आयुर्विज्ञान — Tahendit" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आयुर्विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Tahendit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctori" title="Doctori — hindi fidjien" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Doctori" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi fidjien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Takeṛwasit" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Takeṛwasit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medsin" title="Medsin — Takriyult n Hayti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Medsin" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Takriyult n Hayti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orvostudom%C3%A1ny" title="Orvostudomány — Tahungarit" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Orvostudomány" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Tahungarit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%AA%D5%B7%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բժշկություն — Taṛminit" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բժշկություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Taṛminit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%AA%D5%B7%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բժշկութիւն — arménien occidental" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Բժշկութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="arménien occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Tutlayt tagraɣlant" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Tutlayt tagraɣlant" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedokteran" title="Kedokteran — Tandunisit" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kedokteran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Tandunisit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisina" title="Medisina — Tilukanut" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Medisina" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Tilukanut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Лорал — Tinguct" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Лорал" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Tinguct" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicino" title="Medicino — Tidut" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Medicino" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Tidut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A6knisfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Læknisfræði — Taṣlandit" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Læknisfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Taṣlandit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Taṭalyanit" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Taṭalyanit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%91%96%E1%92%83%E1%91%8E" title="ᑖᒃᑎ — Tinuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᑖᒃᑎ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Tinuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="医学 — Tajapunit" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="医学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Tajapunit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisn" title="Medisn — créole jamaïcain" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Medisn" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="créole jamaïcain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kedhokteran" title="Kedhokteran — Tajavanit" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kedhokteran" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Tajavanit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="მედიცინა — Tajyurjit" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მედიცინა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Tajyurjit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Takazaxt" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Takazaxt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ವೈದ್ಯವಿಜ್ಞಾನ — Takannadat" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವೈದ್ಯವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Takannadat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%98%ED%95%99" title="의학 — Takurit" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="의학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Takurit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%8E%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86" title="یێلاج زان — Takacmirit" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="یێلاج زان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Takacmirit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bij%C3%AE%C5%9Fk%C3%AE" title="Bijîşkî — Takurdit" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bijîşkî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Takurdit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medhegneth" title="Medhegneth — Takurnikt" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Medhegneth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Takurnikt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Takirgizt" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Takirgizt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Talaṭinit" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Talaṭinit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisina" title="Medisina — Taladinut" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Medisina" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Taladinut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medezin" title="Medezin — Taluksumburgit" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Medezin" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Taluksumburgit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medica" title="Medica — lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Medica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genaesk%C3%B3nde" title="Genaeskónde — Talimburjwat" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Genaeskónde" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Talimburjwat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ABxinn-a" title="Mëxinn-a — ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Mëxinn-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ແພດສາດ — Talawsit" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ແພດສາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Talawsit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Talitwanit" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Talitwanit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medic%C4%ABna" title="Medicīna — Talitunit" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Medicīna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Talitunit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Медицин — Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Медицин" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadokteran" title="Kadokteran — Taminangkabut" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kadokteran" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Taminangkabut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Tamasidunit" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Tamasidunit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="വൈദ്യശാസ്ത്രം — Tamalayalamit" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വൈദ്യശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Tamalayalamit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Анагаах ухаан — Tamungulit" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Анагаах ухаан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Tamungulit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9B%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟ — Tamanipurit" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Tamanipurit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="वैद्यकशास्त्र — Tamaṛatit" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वैद्यकशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Tamaṛatit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perubatan" title="Perubatan — Tamalawit" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perubatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Tamalawit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medi%C4%8Bina" title="Mediċina — Tamalṭit" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Mediċina" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Tamalṭit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medecina" title="Medecina — Tamirandit" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Medecina" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Tamirandit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC" title="ဆေးပညာ — Taburmisit" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆေးပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Taburmisit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mericina" title="Mericina — Tanapolitant" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Mericina" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Tanapolitant" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medizin" title="Medizin — bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Medizin" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genaeskeunde" title="Genaeskeunde — bas-saxon néerlandais" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Genaeskeunde" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="bas-saxon néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="चिकित्सा विज्ञान — Tanipalit" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चिकित्सा विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Tanipalit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%83" title="वासः — Taniwarit" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="वासः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Taniwarit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneeskunde" title="Geneeskunde — Tadučit" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Geneeskunde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Tadučit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisin" title="Medisin — Tanuṛvijt ninuṛsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Medisin" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Tanuṛvijt ninuṛsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisin" title="Medisin — Tanurvijit Bukmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Medisin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Tanurvijit Bukmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisine" title="Medisine — novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Medisine" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medecina" title="Medecina — Tuksitant" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Medecina" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Tuksitant" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9A%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ଚିକିତ୍ସା ବିଜ୍ଞାନ — Turyat" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଚିକିତ୍ସା ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Turyat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%C3%A6" title="Медицинæ — Tusitit" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Медицинæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Tusitit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A8" title="ਮੈਡੀਸਿਨ — Tapunjabit" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੈਡੀਸਿਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Tapunjabit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9decinne" title="Médecinne — picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Médecinne" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="चिकित्सा विज्ञान — pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="चिकित्सा विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisin" title="Medisin — Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Medisin" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medycyna" title="Medycyna — Tapulunit" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Medycyna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Tapulunit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8" title="طب — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="طب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="درملگري — Tapactut" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="درملگري" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Tapactut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Tapurtugalit" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Tapurtugalit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampi_yachay" title="Hampi yachay — Takicwit" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hampi yachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Takicwit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medischina" title="Medischina — Tarumancit" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Medischina" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Tarumancit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicin%C4%83" title="Medicină — Tarumanit" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Medicină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Tarumanit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Tarusit" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Tarusit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медіціна — ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Медіціна" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="आयुर्विज्ञानम् — Tasanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="आयुर्विज्ञानम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Tasanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Tayakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Tayakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%AA%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9_%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AC%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A5" title="ᱛᱤᱠᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ — Tasantalt" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱛᱤᱠᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Tasantalt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meighina" title="Meighina — Tasardinit" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Meighina" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Tasardinit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midicina" title="Midicina — Tasisilit" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Midicina" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Tasisilit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicin" title="Medicin — Taskutlandit" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Medicin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Taskutlandit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8" title="طب — Tasinḍit" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="طب" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Tasinḍit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnijjit" title="Tasnijjit — Tacelḥit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasnijjit" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tacelḥit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9B%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="වෛද්‍ය විද්‍යාව — Tasinhalit" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වෛද්‍ය විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Tasinhalit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Medicine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medic%C3%ADna" title="Medicína — Tasluvakt" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Medicína" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Tasluvakt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina — Tasluvinit" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Medicina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Tasluvinit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wumuti" title="Wumuti — Tacunit" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Wumuti" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Tacunit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daawo" title="Daawo — Taṣumalit" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Daawo" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Taṣumalit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mjek%C3%ABsia" title="Mjekësia — Talbanit" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mjekësia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Talbanit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Taṣirbit" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Taṣirbit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heelkunde" title="Heelkunde — saterlandais" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Heelkunde" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatamba" title="Tatamba — Tasudanit" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Tatamba" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Tasudanit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicin_(vetenskap)" title="Medicin (vetenskap) — Taswidit" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Medicin (vetenskap)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Taswidit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiba" title="Tiba — Taswayilit" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tiba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Taswayilit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மருத்துவம் — Taṭamulit" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மருத்துவம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Taṭamulit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="వైద్యశాస్త్రం — Taluggut" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వైద్యశాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Taluggut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BA%D3%A3" title="Пизишкӣ — Tatajikt" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Пизишкӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tatajikt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="แพทยศาสตร์ — Taṭaylundit" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แพทยศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Taṭaylundit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%95%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%93" title="ሕክምና — Tigrinit" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሕክምና" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medisina" title="Medisina — tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Medisina" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%99bob%C9%99t" title="Təbobət — talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Təbobət" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%B1p" title="Tıp — Taṭurkit" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tıp" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Taṭurkit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vutshunguri" title="Vutshunguri — Ttunga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vutshunguri" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Ttunga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Taṭaṭarit" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Taṭaṭarit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mankhwala" title="Mankhwala — Tatumbukat" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Mankhwala" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tatumbukat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%87%D9%8A%D8%BA%DB%87%D8%B1_%D8%AA%DB%90%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%89%D8%AA%D9%89" title="ئۇيغۇر تېبابىتى — Tawigurt" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئۇيغۇر تېبابىتى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Tawigurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медицина — Tukranit" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Медицина" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Tukranit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8" title="طب — Turdut" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Turdut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibbiyot" title="Tibbiyot — Tuzbikt" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tibbiyot" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Tuzbikt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medezina" title="Medezina — vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Medezina" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicin" title="Medicin — vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Medicin" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Y học — Tabyiṭnamit" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Y học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Tabyiṭnamit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanav" title="Sanav — Tavulapukt" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Sanav" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Tavulapukt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medcene" title="Medcene — Tawalunit" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Medcene" data-language-autonym="Walon" 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style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #F5F5DC"><i>Tasnujjya ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵊⵊⵢⴰ</i></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> Tujjya ⵜⵓⵊⵊⵢⴰ</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> Medical Alert Symbol Star of life.svg</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tugna:Medical_Alert_Symbol_Star_of_life.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Medical_Alert_Symbol_Star_of_life.svg/260px-Medical_Alert_Symbol_Star_of_life.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Medical_Alert_Symbol_Star_of_life.svg/390px-Medical_Alert_Symbol_Star_of_life.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Medical_Alert_Symbol_Star_of_life.svg/520px-Medical_Alert_Symbol_Star_of_life.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #F5F5DC">Laṣel</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #F5F5DC">Characteristics</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #F5F5DC">Description</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Part of it</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Tussna_n_tudert" title="Tussna n tudert">tussna n tudert</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <center></center></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tasnujjya</b> (s tlatinit:medecina, anamek-is “taẓuri n tujjya") d <a href="/wiki/Tussna" title="Tussna">tussna</a> yessegrawen tirmiyin n <a href="/wiki/Afgan" title="Afgan">tilsanin</a> i wsuji n wemdan d <a href="/wiki/A%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%ADan" title="Aṭṭan">waṭṭanen</a> d wuguren yettaɣen <a href="/wiki/Tafekka" class="mw-redirect" title="Tafekka">tafekka-ynes</a> d <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnimant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tasnimant (ulac asebter)">yiman-is</a> yakk d twennaṭ anda yettidir, Tasnujjya tettarem ad taf <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asuji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asuji (ulac asebter)">asuji</a> s sin n imuren-is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asafar_(tasnujya)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asafar (tasnujya) (ulac asebter)">asafran</a> d <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taftakt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taftakt (ulac asebter)">ufetkan</a> s usexdem-nsen ɣef <a href="/wiki/A%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%ADan" title="Aṭṭan">umaṭun</a>. Akken i tzerrew (tasnujjya) tiwetlin yessebɣasen ɣef tnekra d tnelfiyt n waṭṭanen d tirrayin d iberdan n taggaẓt ɣef waṭṭanen-a. </p><p>Tasnujya d <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tussna_yettwasensen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tussna yettwasensen (ulac asebter)">tussna yettwasensen</a> yettɣellit seg tirmiyin id yellan seg teɣzi n umezruy. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Amezruy_n_tesnujjya">Amezruy n tesnujjya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: Amezruy n tesnujjya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Amezruy n tesnujjya"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Tugna:Andreas_Vesalius-Pierre_Poncet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Andreas_Vesalius-Pierre_Poncet.jpg/250px-Andreas_Vesalius-Pierre_Poncet.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Andreas_Vesalius-Pierre_Poncet.jpg/375px-Andreas_Vesalius-Pierre_Poncet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Andreas_Vesalius-Pierre_Poncet.jpg/500px-Andreas_Vesalius-Pierre_Poncet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="711" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_Vesalius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas Vesalius (ulac asebter)">Andreas Vesalius</a> yettumeggez d bab n tezrawt n <a href="/wiki/Asemmili" title="Asemmili">usemmili</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Tasnujjya d tawuri tamzikt (taqburt) s temzekt n wemdan s timmad-is. Tazwara-ynes teqqen s imahilen n <a href="/wiki/Tisemtit" title="Tisemtit">tisemtit</a> d <a href="/wiki/Akerrer" title="Akerrer">ukerrer</a> deg talliyin timzikin sin akin tennefli cwiya s tnekra n tɣermawin am <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agersafen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agersafen (ulac asebter)">tɣerma n igersafen</a> d <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mi%E1%BA%93ran_taglest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miẓran taglest (ulac asebter)">tɣerma taferwant</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tazwara_n_umezruy_d_tallit_n_zik"><i>Tazwara n umezruy d tallit n zik</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: Tazwara n umezruy d tallit n zik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Tazwara n umezruy d tallit n zik"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ur llin ara yisalan akken ad d-naf lebda n useqdec n yimɣan i lmend n tujjya (phytothérapie). Isefka n tujjya yellan deg udlis n “Edwin Smith” nezmer ad d-nini d lqern wis 3 uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ. Imyagen imezwura yettwassnen n tmeẓdiyin ttwaxedmen deg Maṣer azal n lqern wis 28 uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ. AD (ẓer l’opération). Imhotep n Tgelda Tis Kraḍt yettwaḥseb tikwal d netta ay d-yesbedden tasnajya deg Maṣer taqburt yerna d netta ay d ameskar (auteur) n wedlis n Edwin Smith ay d-yesmektayen tidawsiwin, aḍḍanen d tmuɣliwin n tfekka. Tazmamt n tmeṭṭut n “Kahun” tettmeslay-d ɣef waṭṭanen n tmeṭṭut d wugur n tmeṭṭut. Nesɛa 34 n tmuɣliwin s tɣawla s tmuɣli d udawi, kra seg-sent bḍant. Yettwaxdem deg useggas n 1800 uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ, d aḍris aqbur akk n tujjya, akk taggayin sdukklent-tent. Neẓra d akken tiddukliwin n tujjya, i wumi qqaren Ixxamen n Tudert, ttwabnant deg Maṣer taqburt seg tgelda tamezwarut. </p><p>Iḍrisen iqburen n Babil ɣef tdawsa llan deg tallit n tgelda n babil taqburt deg uzgen amezwaru n lqern wis 2 uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ. D acu kan, aḍris ababiluni i d-yusan s waṭas deg unnar n tujjya d Adlis n Unadi (Manuel Diagnostic) ay yura “Esagil-kin-apli” amejjay n Borsippa, deg tallit n ugellid ababiluni Adad-ALPA-iddina (1069- 1046 uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ). </p><p>Hippocrate yettwaḥseb d netta ay d baba-s ay d-yesbedden tasnajya tamaynut , yerna d inelmaden-nnes ay d imezwura d igelmen aṭas n waḍḍanen. D netta i d amenzu i d-yessegzan iḍuḍan n uẓeṭṭa n ṭbel(doigts en baguettes de tambour), d yiwet n tbanegt i d-yettakken azal i tmusni n broncopathie ur nettwaṭṭaf ara, n kansar n ifadden d waṭṭanen n wul izegzawen n tlalit (cardiopathies cyanogènes congénitales). Ɣef aya, asebter n yiudan n uḍad uẓeṭṭa n ṭbel yettusemma tikwal “Hippocratisme Digital.d aɣen d netta d amenzu d yessegzan udem n hippokrat(face hippocratique). “Shakespeare” yettwassen s tmuɣli-a deg uḍris-nnes ɣef lmutt n Falstaff deg Henry V, Aḍris wis sin, Tazrigt tis III. Corpus Hippocrate yessemɣer tiẓri n tmussni ubeddel n lxaṭer. tasnajya tagrigit d talatinit n tmussni llan ddren deg akk timnaḍin n tallit taqburt d tẓallit n yiṛebbiten n tujjya. </p><p>Agnodice (Hagnodice) neɣ Hagnodikè (s tegrikkit taqburt: Ἁɣνοδίκη) tella, ɣef leḥsab n yiwet n tmedyezt tagrikit ay d-yenna Hygin (Caius Julius Hyginus) deg tis 274 n Fabulae-nnes, d yiwet seg tlawin timezwura ay d-yellan d tamejjayt n tmeṭṭut. Tekka-d seg tmetti taɛlayant n Atina, tessewjed iman-is d argaz akken ad teṭṭef tiɣuriwin n tujjya sɣur umejjay yettwassnen “Herophilus”. Azal n 350 uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ. B.C., tesɛedda akayad-nni, tuɣal d tamejjayt n tmeṭṭut, maca war ma tesban-d belli d tameṭṭut. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tallit_talemmast">Tallit talemmast</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: Tallit talemmast" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Tallit talemmast"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tadawsa ay yettwasqedcen yerna tettwaselmad deg Wegmuḍ (Ccerq) tesɛa iẓuran-nnes deg tmussniwin ay d-yettwakksen u i d-yettwaseklesen seg tallit taqburt alma d lqern amezwaru uqbel talalit n Lmasiḥ seg Ugmuḍ ar Tgelda n Rruman. </p><p>kkant-d seg Torah, d ayen yessewhamen deg temsalt-a, acku ttxemmimen ɣef tegnatin n unti. Deg semmus-nni n yedlisen n Musa i d-yezgan, i d-yeffɣen srid seg leqwanen n tezmert s waṭas n leqwanen, am win ara i3ezlen iman-is ɣef wid yuḍnen (Lwiṭic 13:45-46), win ara yessarden ifassen-is deffir ma yeṭṭef-d lǧetta (Amezruy 19:11-19), d win ara yeffren tiɣezniwin-is ɣer beṛṛa n uqiḍun (Amal-iw 23:12-13). </p><p>Tasuqqilt n Hunayn ibn Ishaq d yinelmaden-is deg iseggasen n 830-870 n 129 n leqdic n umejjay agrik Galenus (aseggas amezwaru uqbel talalit) ɣer taɛrabt, tefka-d amedya i tesdawit n tmedyazin tislamit, dɣa teffeɣ-d s lemɣawla ɣer yal tama n tgelda taɛrabt, s umata, teṭṭef-d deg-s teḥkemt n Galenus ɣef yiwet n tikli taḥeqqit d tinegnit ɣer tesdawit. Qusta ibn Luqa yeqdec daɣen amur d ameqqran deg tsuqilt d usekles n yiḍrisen n tegrigit. Imejjayen inselmen sbedden kra n sbitarat imezwura i d-yusan ɣer lurob sɣur yimeslabdaden. </p><p>Deg Tuṛuft n Lmeɣrib, ɣelluy n udabu n Ṛuman yewwi-d ɣer uḥbas n yal aḥeddad n ddwa i d-yettwaheggan. Tamejjayt tella tettwaxdem deg umḍiq, ma d amur n tefyirt taɣerfant yella yettnerni, s wayen i d-yeqqimen seg tmusni tadelsant n zik. Tamusni tadelsant tettwaḥrez yerna tettwaḍfer deg waṭas n tnezduɣin n yemnayen i d-yeqqimen s waṭas ɣer sbiṭar, yerna sɛan tibḥirin n yemɣan. Tuɣal-d tesdawit d tawsit, s teɣzi n uɣerbaz n ddwa n Salerne di Ṭṭelyan deg lqern wis 11, i d-yesseɣlin aṭas n yedlisen ibyzantiniyen d waɛraben s tdukli akked uẓekwan n Mont Cassin. </p><p>Seg lqern wis 11, Tamezgida tebɣa ad tefreq gar uselmed n yilemziyen d uselmed n yimejjayen. Tifrat-a n usnerni n tmusni, tewwi-d ɣer usnulfu n tesdawiyin sɣur imḍebbren. Imejjayen n tesdawit n ddwa n Montpellier, i d-yeṭṭafaren timsirin n yimejjayen n wugdayen d Yiɛṛaben, fkan azal i yimɣan, wid n tesdawit n Paris fkan azal i usizdeg n yidammen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="lqern_wis_19_d_lqern_wis_20">lqern wis 19 d lqern wis 20</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: lqern wis 19 d lqern wis 20" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : lqern wis 19 d lqern wis 20"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Deg lqern wis 19, Karl August Wunderlich yeffeɣ-d Das Verhalten der Eigenwärme in Krankheiten, i d-yesskanen belli tawla d anagi kan, yerna yekkes-d amenni n yiwen n waṭṭan yettwaṭṭafaren i wumi qqaren ar imir  “ tawla timeggarut “ . Deg useggas n 1881, Theodor Billroth yexdem tamsirt tamezwarut n uḥeṭṭu n uɛebbuḍ, d ayen i d-yessekren abeddel deg temsirt n uḥeṭṭu n therjuṭ d uɛebbuḍ. S useqdec n tesnakt, amejjay Pierre-Charles Alexandre Louis (1787-1872) yessken-d dakken aseqdec n yiɣil deg imuḍan i yuḍnen s ifadden yerkan, mačči d ayen yelhan, maca d ayen n diri. Akka i d-yettban usentel n tezrawt n tɣara ur nettwali. </p><p>Madeleine Brès (1842-1921) d tameṭṭut tamezwarut n tmurt n Fransa i yessawḍen ɣer leqraya n tujjya deg useggas n 1868, maca ur tesεi ara azref ad tessaweḍ ɣer temzizlin. Tewwi-d agerdas-is deg tesdawit deg useggas n 1875 dɣa tuɣal d tamusnawt n tujjya n tlawin d warrac. Deg tezrawt-is, tban-d belli ayefki n uṭufan yettbeddil deg ussuteḍ, dɣa tebna-d yiwen seg yixxamen n warrac imezwura n Paris. Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, tagelṭanit i d-yezwaren asmi d iwi agerdas n tesnawit s xemsa n yiseggasen uqbel  di Fransa. </p><p>Deg useggas n 1854, Florence Nightingale d tamezwarut i yessexdamen tusnakt akken ad d-sbedden i wakken ad ḥadren wid ijerḥen deg ṭṭraḍ n Crimée, yerna ad ssenqes lmut n yiserdasen. </p><p>Deg 25 Nwember 1901, Alois Alzheimer d-yesnulfa-d tugna n waṭṭan-nni i d-yellan s yisem-is, i mazal ulac ddwa i d-yellan ar ass-a. Tifekkiwin n tesnujjit ttnerni-d s waṭas s usnulfu n telmas timaynutin n ddwa. Felix Hoffmann yessekles-d aspirine deg 6 meɣres 1899. Deg useggas n 1909, Paul Ehrlich i d-yeṭṭfen arraz n Nobel deg tesdawit i d-yesnulfan tasemhuyt tamezwarut n tkimyuṭariti s ufares n ussenṭar i tsifiliz. Deg useggas n 1921, Frederick Banting n tesdawit n Toronto d yufan insuline, yerna yesnulfa-d ddwa i waṭṭan n sskeṛ. Antibyutik amezwaru yella-d deg useggas n 1928 mi d-yufa Alexander Fleming Penisilin. </p><p>Ɣef leḥsab n Raquel Capurro, tamusni n tnefsit n Uṛuguay, ddwa d tafesna tamezwarut i d-yesseḍfaren s tnefsit n Auguste Comte, seg tlemmast n lqern wis 19, s yimdanen am Docteur Robinet gar wiyaḍ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isurrifen_ussnanen_isnajjyanen">Isurrifen ussnanen isnajjyanen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: Isurrifen ussnanen isnajjyanen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Isurrifen ussnanen isnajjyanen"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tiɣawsiwin n leqdic amedya llant: </p><p>tizi n waṭṭan, d anadi ɣef yisekkilen n waṭṭan-nni; </p><p>taṭuɣenit neɣ taṭuɣenit, i d-yettakken anamek n unagraw n ssebba; </p><p>tifyisiyupatulugit, d anadi ɣef ubeddel n yixeddim imeqqranen deg tallit n waṭṭanen; </p><p>semyologie, i d-yettakken tamusni n kra n yisekkilen yettbanen. D ayen icudden ɣer wayen iwumi qqaren aklinik, mgal para-klinik yellan d agmuḍ n ukayad aneggaru. Imi simmal ttuɣalen tikliwin n tesnilest d tiwεanin, i d-tella yiwet n temsalt n wammuden n wammuden imḍebbren; </p><p>aḍris n tneqqiḍt i d-yettakken anasiw n waṭṭan; </p><p>anagraw amgarad, d anagraw n waṭṭanen yesεan isekkilen yemgaraden yerna zemren ad t-neḍmeε; </p><p>taṣebḥit i d-yettakken aseḥbiber n waṭṭan; </p><p>tasnagrawt, d win i d-yettbeddilen tikli-s; </p><p>tasnukyult, d taḥric n tfelseft i d-yemmalen ṛṛuḥ, tizemmar-is d leqdic-is. Aselku n umḍin d aḥric ameqran deg rrbeḥ n usenfar n tesdawit. Am akken i d-yenna umezruy n tesdawit Jean Starobinski deg useggas n 1963 << tasdawit n tidet ur teḥqiṛ ara ɣer uḥric-a usnan; ma yella ṭṭbib yexdem akken ilaq axeddim-is, ad d-yesnulfu gar-as d umuḍin-is yiwet n temsalt ara d-yefken ayen i yeḥwaǧ umuḍin-nni s leḥzen. Dɣa tamusni n tesdawit tesɛa sin n yiferdisen: deg yiwet n tama, iɣeblan n tfekka d waṭṭan ttuɣalen d tamussni ur nemgarad ara d tin i d-neṭṭef seg wayen nniḍen n twennaḍt - dɣa taṛwiḥt n umḍin tettwaḥsab d yiwet n tɣawsa yeddren i izemren ad d-terr s talɣa n yilugan imḍanen; deg tayeḍ, agraw n tesdawit yettwasbedden gar sin n yimdanen, deg uswir n yiwet n teqsiḍt timanit - dɣa tasdawit teqqel d taẓuri n umeslay, anda amḍin yettak-d iman-is d ameslay d tamussni yettuḥeyyuren >>. Georges Canguilhem yura-d dakken "l'acte médicochirurgique" mačči d "acte scientifique" kan, acku " argaz amuḍin" mačči kan d aɣbel n tfisiyulujit i ilaq ad d-yefru, maca d asḥissef i ilaq ad d-yessekfel. " Ilaq-as i rray n tesnujjit ad iqebbel ayen i d-tefka tussna, maca daɣen ayen i d-yefren imuḍan d wayen i d-yessen umsujji. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tussniwin_tigejdanin_n_tesnujjya">Tussniwin tigejdanin n tesnujjya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: Tussniwin tigejdanin n tesnujjya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Tussniwin tigejdanin n tesnujjya"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anatomi: d tussna n uẓeṭṭa ufisiki n yimuddiren. Mačči am anatomiyut tamakroskopit neɣ taẓayt, cytology d histology ttekkan deg tigejda timikroskopit. </p><p>Tibiyukimya: d anelmad n tkimya i d-yettḍerrun deg imuddiren yeddren, ladɣa anagraw d uxeddim n yiḥricen-nsen ikimiyen. </p><p>Tibiyulujit tamagdayt: d anelmad n yisenfaren imuglalen n yisenfaren n ussuɣel, n ussuɣel d tsuqilt n uẓeṭṭa ujenit. </p><p>Tameɣnasit n tnefsit: d anelmad n uẓeṭṭa d uḥewwes n yisenfaren n tfinaɣ s tmekniṭ. </p><p>Tifizikt n tudert: d tussna yettemgaraden deg waṭas n temsal, tessexdam tiktiwin n tfizikt d tkimya tafizikt akken ad teɣreḍ isekkilen imuddiren. </p><p>Tibiyatatistikt: aseqdec n tenfalit ɣer yiferrawen imuddiren deg unamek ameqran. Tamusni n tiẓeṭṭa n yiṭij d tin yesεan azal deg useggem, asekkil d usegzi n unadi deg tedwilt tadelsant. D azamul daɣen i usseḍru n waṭṭanen d ddwa yebnan ɣef tmusniwin (EBM). </p><p>Tsitulugya: d leqraya n tsellula. </p><p>Tamsirt: d anelmad n usnerni amezwaru n yimuddiren. </p><p>Tamsirt n waṭṭanen: d anelmad n tgemmi n yimḍanen n waṭṭanen, yernu deg-s ula d anelmad n waṭṭanen kan. </p><p>Tigenit: d tussna n yigenniyen, d wamek i d-ttekkant deg urti n tfekka. </p><p>Histologie: leqraya n tegniwin n yiɣsan imuddiren s umikroskupit n tmuɣli, umikroskupit n uṭṛun d tkimya n uḥeṭṭu. </p><p>Taεkemt: d tussna n uḥezzeb n tnefsit, i d-yemmalen anagraw n tnefsit i d-yeggran d win yettemsefhamen. </p><p>Tamikrubiyat: d tussna n yigurdan imicruyen, gar-asen iprotozoa, tibaktirin, ifungiyen, ivirusen d ipriyen. </p><p>Tussnawt n yiɣallen: d anelmad n usenfar n yiɣallen. </p><p>Tameẓla (tasemhuyt) d teṛmit (tasemhuyt taḥriǧit): leqraya n temsal gar wučči d tissit ɣer tezmert d waṭṭan, ladɣa deg usnulfu n wučči ifazen. Terapi n teṛmit tadelsant tettwaxdem sɣur yimussnawen n teṛmit yerna tettwafeg-d i unebdu n sskeṛ, aṭṭanen n wul, lmizan d waṭṭanen n wučči, taḥriǧin, tuččit d waṭṭanen i d-yeqqimen deg uẓeṭṭa. </p><p>Tamsirt d tussna: anadi ɣef waṭṭanen, ɣef yisenfaṛen-nsen, timɣarin-nsen d waṭṭanen-nsen. </p><p>Tafarasnakt: d anelmad n ddwa d wayen i d-yettawin. </p><p>Tifizyulujit: d anelmad n uxeddim anegmal n tfekka d tigejdidin n useggem i d-yeṭṭafaren. Tisiyulujit tezmer ad tettwabḍa (tisiyulujit n wul, tin n uḍar...). </p><p>Tifizikt tadelsant: d anelmad n iseqdacen n ilugan n tfizikt deg ddwa. </p><p>Tasnakt: d anadi ɣef wayen i d-yettawin deg ddwa d ssem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timuzzag_tisnajjyanin">Timuzzag tisnajjyanin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: Timuzzag tisnajjyanin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Timuzzag tisnajjyanin"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="S_leqdic">S leqdic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: S leqdic" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : S leqdic"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>anatomopathologie: leqraya timikroskopit n yiɣsan imuḍan; </p><p>anaesthésie-réanimation: anaesthésie d ddwa n temda, resuscitation d ṭṭbiɛa n imuḍan yesεan ma drus snat n tɣawsiwin n urgan neɣ yiwet yesεan tamsalt n ussuɣel; </p><p>tadwilt tadelsant; </p><p>tazzla: d tarrayt tadelsant i d-yettawin amesgunfu amekanik deg yiɣsan s yiman-is; </p><p>aselmed n tezmert; </p><p>tadwilt n tneqqiḍin: d ṣṣenf n leqdic i yebɣan ad yesnerni udem n umḍin; </p><p>tadwilt taneggarut (tadwilt n twacult); </p><p>ddwa n uxeddim: ddwa i d-yettεeggiden i wakken ad yeεdel kra n uḥulfu n yixeddamen ɣef lǧal n uxeddim-nsen, ladɣa s uεeṭṭil ɣef liḥala n yixeddim, izerfan n wammud d talɣa n tezmert n yixeddamen; </p><p>ddwa n tenfalit: ddwa n sbiṭar (aseqdec n tenfalit) d win n berra n sbiṭar (Samu), aseḥbiber n tenfalit i d-yeqqimen d tamettant; </p><p>tanemmirt: aḥezzeb n umetabulism d wučči; </p><p>taḥbbayt n ddwa: asewwi n ddwa d uεeṭṭel n ddwa; </p><p>tarrayt, d tafesna n tugniwin tadelsant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="S_wudem_n_umuḍin"><span id="S_wudem_n_umu.E1.B8.8Din"></span>S wudem n umuḍin</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: S wudem n umuḍin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : S wudem n umuḍin"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Andrologie: ddwa n wergaz, leqdic ɣef waṭṭanen yemgarden n urgaz; </p><p>tujjya n tlawin: d tawsit n tesnudert, i d-yettawin aṭas n leqdic, ladɣa deg ddwa n tlawin, </p><p>tasemhuyt: d ddwa n tmeṭṭut tawezzant. Ilaq ad d-nesmekti tapraktit tadelsant n tlawin, i d-yettunefken i uεeṭṭas n tnefsit taɣelnawt; </p><p>tadwilt n yiɣsan: tadwilt n yiɣsan s usnulfu n tikliwin n unadi ɣef tudert deg uɛebbuḍ (ultrason, Doppler, amniocentèse); </p><p>tadwilt n usegmi: anadi ɣef sebba n lmut deg uḍebsi (necropsie) d uheggi n yiwen n unadi i Tḥkemt; </p><p>tadwilt n yigerdan: tadwilt n yigerdan, d agmuḍ meqqren aṭas yerna s umata tessaweḍ ad d-tekkes tadwilt n tklinit; </p><p>neonatologie: ddwa d usnerni n yigerdan d wid i d-ilulen uqbel lweqt; </p><p>tijjit n yimɣaren: ddwa n yimɣaren; </p><p>ddwa n yimdanen n lebḥer: ddwa n yimehriyen d wid ixeddmen deg lebḥer. </p><p>ddwa n yiɣersiwen: ddwa n yiɣersiwen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="S_yisekkilen_n_tfekka">S yisekkilen n tfekka</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: S yisekkilen n tfekka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : S yisekkilen n tfekka"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anjiluǧiya: ddwa n yimɣan; </p><p>takardit: ddwa n waṭṭanen n wul d uḍan n yiger; </p><p>tadermaṭij: ddwa n waṭṭanen n weglim; </p><p>tadwilt: ddwa n waṭṭanen n yiɣallen, n waṭṭanen n tihormonin, n waṭṭanen n tuččit d yimetabulisen; </p><p>tadamsa n idammen: ddwa n waṭṭanen n idammen; </p><p>aṭṭan n uεebbuḍ d uεebbuḍ d uεebbuḍ: yettusemma daɣen aṭṭan n uεebbuḍ d uεebbuḍ, d ddwa n waṭṭanen n uεebbuḍ s umata, s waṭṭanen n uεebbuḍ d waṭṭanen n wuccen, n weɣyul, n weɣyul, d weɣyul n uεebbuḍ. Gastroenterologie tessaweḍ daɣen ad d-tekk deg leqdic n tesnilsit, ama d win n ufella (endoscopie œsogastroduodénale) ama d win n wadda (iléocoloscopie); </p><p>taεkemt: ddwa n waṭṭanen neɣ n waṭṭanen n uḍan; </p><p>anfafad: ddwa n waṭṭanen n yiɣil; </p><p>tamusni: ddwa n waṭṭanen n unagraw unnervu; </p><p>tadwast: leqdic n tuɣmas; </p><p>tafesna n wallen: ddwa n waṭṭanen n wallen, n temnaḍt n wallen d yiɣallen n wallen; </p><p>urtopidic: d taseddart n temsirt i yettḥulfun i waṭṭanen n uḥric n tnezzut; </p><p>Oto-rhino-laryngology (ORL): ddwa n waṭṭanen n imeẓẓuɣen, n uyis d tegrest; </p><p>asnas n tnefsit: tadwilt n waṭṭanen n tnefsit, n yiɣes d yifsan; </p><p>takunt: ddwa n waṭṭanen n uɛebbuḍ d uɛebbuḍ; </p><p>taṛumatuluggya: tawsit tadelsant i yettḥejjimen iɣeblan n uḥric n tnezzut; </p><p>tademt: ddwa n waṭṭanen n yimi; </p><p>urology: ddwa n uḥeṭṭu n  ibeccan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="S_waṭṭan"><span id="S_wa.E1.B9.AD.E1.B9.ADan"></span>S waṭṭan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: S waṭṭan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : S waṭṭan"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>taddictologit: ddwa n tneεlayin, yesduklen taseklut, akeyyef d useqdec n ddwa (aḥric n tnefsit akken llan wid yeqqaren); </p><p>taseklut: ddwa n wuguren yeqqnen ɣer tissit; </p><p>tallergologit: tujjya n wer ahulfuy; </p><p>tansa n uεebbuḍ: ddwa n uεebbuḍ (yeṭṭafaren kemyuṭratriya n yiferrawen) yettusdukkel d teryataṛriya n yiferrawen: aḥezzeb n yiferrawen s yiferrawen iyenzanen; </p><p>tadayebtulujit: ddwa n yiduyaben; </p><p>tinfertit: ddwa n waṭṭanen yettwaṭṭafen; </p><p>tanurologit: tujjya n wuguren n tikli, win n wallaɣ d waṭṭanen n wallaɣ; </p><p>taksikuluggya: aseḥbiber n tmesmunin d tmesmunin; </p><p>tatraumatulugit: leqdic n yimuḍan i d-yeṭṭfen tiɣri meqqren, s umata d tin n laksida; </p><p>tabenérologit: d ddwa i d-yemmalen tiɣri n waṭṭanen yettuzenzen s tiqtin . </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="S_wudem_n_Tecriḥt"><span id="S_wudem_n_Tecri.E1.B8.A5t"></span>S wudem n Tecriḥt</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: S wudem n Tecriḥt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : S wudem n Tecriḥt"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tacriḥt n wul </p><p>Tacriḥt n uεebbuḍ </p><p>Tacriḥt n wudem d uεebbuḍ (maxillo-facial) </p><p>Tacriḥt n kullec (ulac-itt deg Fransa) </p><p>Tacriḥt n yigerdan </p><p>Tacriḥt n yiɣsan </p><p>Tacriḥt n tuɣmas </p><p>Tacriḥt n usebded, tin ara d-yerr s wudem amaynut </p><p>Tacriḥt n uḍar </p><p>Tacriḥt n tesɣunt (Urologie) </p><p>Tazrawt n yiɣallen </p><p>Tacriḥt n uɛebbuḍ </p><p>Tacriḥt n wallaɣ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeẓriwin_d_tlisa_n_tesnujjya"><span id="Time.E1.BA.93riwin_d_tlisa_n_tesnujjya"></span>Timeẓriwin d tlisa n tesnujjya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: Timeẓriwin d tlisa n tesnujjya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=13" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Timeẓriwin d tlisa n tesnujjya"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ddwa mačči d tussna lebda itwaṣeḥan, yerna tikwal tigawt tadelsant tezmer ad tesεu yir lfayda ɣef umdan, am: </p><p><br /> << iḥulfan useḍfar >>  neɣ ayen ur nelhi n ddwa neɣ n waṭṭanen, ara yesɛun kra n yemdanen (Distilbène amedya) ad t-ḥerzen acḥal n tsuta. Asnadi ɣef yiɣallen-a yettwaxdem s usseḥbiber ɣef ddwa; </p><p>tuqqna n imsujjiyen d ayen i d-yeggran s tefranin n yiɣallen n tbacṭiria i yzemren ad rnun ɣer waṭas n imsujjiyen sɣur useqdec ur nḥeqqen ara n yimsujjiyen-a; </p><p>aṭṭanen n sbiṭar zemren ad d-ffɣen deg sbiṭar acku n waṭas n yimuḍan. Taḥriǧt tameqqrant i d-yettunefken s yimseqdacen n usseḥbiber akked isefka n ussemres d ussemsemres ɣef  ⁇   ⁇ acuc-agi n yiferrawen, tettawi deg tallit tameggarut ɣer usnulfu n yimsujjiyen imerɣan i izemren ad d-ssuqqlen s sshala imuḍan i d-yettwaɣalen yakan d imeyyez; </p><p>ayen i d-yeggran seg yir tikli, tuccḍiwin n tdamsa, tuccḍiwin n usegmi, tuṭṭfa n ddwa neɣ leqdic ur nlaq ara. Aḍris neɣ aṭṭan qqaren-as iatrogen ma yella d ayen i d-yeǧǧan kra n tigawt neɣ ddwa, ula ma ulac tuccḍa n ṭṭbib, n win i d-yettḥadaren, n usnas neɣ n win i d-yettḥadaren. Deg Fransa, 4% n usseḥlalen deg sbiṭar d ayen i d-yeḍran seg uεeṭṭil, yerna 40% seg wayagi ad ilin d ayen ur nezmir ad t-neεreḍ36. Iɣeblan-a llan deg-sen kra seg waṭṭanen n usnas, seg-sen i d-yettmagaren d tiṭṭanen n usnas. </p><p>Aṭas n yidisan i d-yettwasemman neɣ i d-yettrajun deg iseggasen i d-iteddun, deg wayen yerzan tazmert-tamezduɣt, deg wayen yerzan tiɣri n waṭṭanen, deg usnerni n teɣzi n tudert, ma mačči deg teɣzi n tudert deg tezmert. Tiṣebbaḍin n tneqqiḍin, aseɣẓan, izerfan imenzayen, d iseqsiyen imaynuten deg wayen yerzan tiɣawsiwin n bioéthique. </p><p><br /> Deg wayen yerzan tiɣawsiwin, deg Fransa, deg useggas 2025, mi ara d-yennerni yimezdaɣ (akken d imeqqranen deg leɛmer), ad d-yeɣli 10% deg uṭṭun n yimsujjiyen, d 15% deg tuqqna n yimsujjiyen, sɣur ur d-yettwabeddel ara imsujjiyen n "baby-boomers" i d-yeǧǧan tiqwanin n uḍris deg yiseggasen n 1970 ar 1990. Dda Lmulud n tlelli ad yesṛuḥ 17% n yixeddamen-is, akked 8% n yixeddamen-is, anagar deg uḍebsi n sbiṭar, anda i d-yettwali unabaḍ ad d-yernu 4%; 13% n yimsujjiyen ad ffɣen, mgal 7% n yimsujjiyen (imsujjiyen n wallen, imsujjiyen n uḍebsi n uḍebsi n uḍebsi n uḍebsi n uḍebsi n uḍebsi n uḍebsi n uḍebsi n uḍebsi n uḍebsi n uḍebsi n uḍebsi). Taẓeṭ n   tujjya   ad ternu ula d ssuma n wazal n wazal, aseḥbiber n usikel deg wayen yerzan anezwu (yernu s uḥelluf) yerna yezmer ad yekkes deg uselkem n wazal n wazal (taẓeṭ n tujjya n wazal n tujjya terna-d tamettant), ladɣa imi imuḍan d igellilen i llan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ẓeṛ_daɣen"><span id=".E1.BA.92e.E1.B9.9B_da.C9.A3en"></span>Ẓeṛ daɣen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Ẓreg tigezmi: Ẓeṛ daɣen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ẓreg</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&action=edit&section=14" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Ẓeṛ daɣen"><span>ẓreg aɣbalu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Yettwakkes-d seg "<a dir="ltr" href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&oldid=110043">https://kab.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tasnujjya&oldid=110043</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Uslig:Cat%C3%A9gories" title="Uslig:Catégories">Taggayin</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taggayt:Irmawen_isnajyanen" title="Taggayt:Irmawen isnajyanen">Irmawen isnajyanen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Taggayt:Timuzzag_tisnajjyanin" title="Taggayt:Timuzzag tisnajjyanin">Timuzzag tisnajjyanin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Taggayt:Tasnujjya" title="Taggayt:Tasnujjya">Tasnujjya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Taggayt:Tafekka_talsant" title="Taggayt:Tafekka talsant">Tafekka talsant</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Taggayt:Tussna" title="Taggayt:Tussna">Tussna</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Taggayt:Tussniwin" title="Taggayt:Tussniwin">Tussniwin</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Asebter-a yettwabeddel i tikkelt taneggarut ass n 2 Ɣuct 2024 ɣef 09:13.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Aḍṛis-a atan ddaw n <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; yezmer ad ilint tewtilin-nniḍen. 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