CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>View source for University of Windsor - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":true,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat": "dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"f148a58e-585b-4fce-b05c-486f11637042","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"University_of_Windsor","wgTitle":"University of Windsor","wgCurRevisionId":1258629412,"wgRevisionId":0,"wgArticleId":342733,"wgIsArticle":false,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"edit","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"University_of_Windsor","wgRelevantArticleId":342733,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true, "wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles": "ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.charinsert.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.edit.collapsibleFooter","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.charinsert","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.extra-toolbar-buttons","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession", "wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.charinsert.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/8a/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_University_of_Windsor.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1064"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/8a/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_University_of_Windsor.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="709"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="567"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="View source for University of Windsor - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Windsor"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Windsor&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Windsor"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-University_of_Windsor rootpage-University_of_Windsor skin-vector-2022 action-edit"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=University+of+Windsor&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=University+of+Windsor&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=University+of+Windsor&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=University+of+Windsor&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">View source for University of Windsor</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. Add the article for other languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Add languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Windsor" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:University_of_Windsor" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Windsor"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Windsor&action=edit" title="Edit this page"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Windsor&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Windsor"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Windsor&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Windsor&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/University_of_Windsor" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/University_of_Windsor" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Windsor&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DUniversity_of_Windsor%26action%3Dedit"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DUniversity_of_Windsor%26action%3Dedit"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2065769" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">← <a href="/wiki/University_of_Windsor" title="University of Windsor">University of Windsor</a></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><p>You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons: </p> <ul class="permissions-errors"><li class="mw-permissionerror-blockedtext"> <div id="mw-blocked-text" style="border: 1px solid #AAA; background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, ivory); color: inherit; padding: 1.5em; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"> <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 26px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stop_hand_nuvola.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/50px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/75px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/100px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="240" /></a></span><b> This IP address has been <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> from <i>editing</i> Wikipedia.</b></span><br /><span style="font-size: 18px;">This does not affect your ability to <i>read</i> Wikipedia pages.</span></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><b>Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong.</b> Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:L235" title="User:L235">‪L235‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <div class="user-block colocation-webhost" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; background-color: #ffefd5; border: 1px solid #AAA; padding: 0.7em;"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/40px-Server-multiple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/60px-Server-multiple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/80px-Server-multiple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1052" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><b>The <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP address</a> that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a <a href="/wiki/Web_hosting_service" title="Web hosting service">web host provider</a> or <a href="/wiki/Colocation_centre" title="Colocation centre">colocation provider</a>.</b> To prevent abuse, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Open_proxies" title="Wikipedia:Open proxies">web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked</a> from editing Wikipedia. <div style="border-top: 1px solid #AAA; clear: both">You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Open_proxies" title="Wikipedia:Open proxies">proxy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Virtual_private_network" title="Virtual private network">VPN</a>. <p><b>We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit.</b> For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in. </p><p>If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_block_exemption#Requesting_and_granting_exemption" title="Wikipedia:IP block exemption">request an IP block exemption</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">appeal this block</a> by adding the following text on your <a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">talk page</a>: <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Unblock" title="Template:Unblock">unblock</a>|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. <i>Place any further information here.</i> ~~~~}}</code>. <b>You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated.</b> Your IP address can be determined <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Get_my_IP_address?withJS=MediaWiki:Get-my-ip.js">here</a></b></span>. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unblock_Ticket_Request_System" title="Wikipedia:Unblock Ticket Request System">unblock ticket request system</a>. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.</div></div> <p><span class="sysop-show" style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="border:#707070 solid 1px;background-color:#ffe0e0;padding:2px"><b>Administrators:</b></span> The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_block_exemption" title="Wikipedia:IP block exemption">IP block exemption</a> user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CheckUser" title="Wikipedia:CheckUser">CheckUser</a> needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SPI#Quick_CheckUser_requests" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SPI">SPI Quick Checkuser Requests</a>. <b>Unblocking</b> an IP or IP range with this template <b>is highly discouraged</b> without at least contacting the blocking administrator.</span> </p> </div></div> </div> <p>This block will expire on 18:23, 24 August 2026. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even when blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit your <a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Special:MyTalk">user talk page</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">email</a> administrators and other editors. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>For information on how to proceed, please read the <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block#Common_questions" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">FAQ for blocked users</a></b> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">guideline on block appeals</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_appealing_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Guide to appealing blocks">guide to appealing blocks</a> may also be helpful. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Blocking policy</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li><li class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"> <div id="mw-blocked-text" style="border: 1px solid #AAA; background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, ivory); color: inherit; padding: 1.5em; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"> <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 26px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stop_hand_nuvola.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/50px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/75px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/100px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="240" /></a></span><b> This IP address range has been <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">globally blocked</a>.</b></span><br /><span style="font-size: 18px;">This does not affect your ability to <i>read</i> Wikipedia pages.</span></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><b>Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong.</b> Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis. </p><p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been globally <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:Jon_Kolbert" title="User:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </p> </div> <p>This block will expire on 15:12, 27 August 2028. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">Global blocks</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li></ul><hr /> <div id="viewsourcetext">You can view and copy the source of this page:</div><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{Short description|Public university in Windsor, Ontario, Canada}} {{For|the Caribbean medical school|Windsor University School of Medicine}} {{Infobox university | image = Coat of Arms of the University of Windsor.png | image_upright = .7 | image_alt = The Coat of Arms of the University of Windsor | name = University of Windsor | motto = {{native name|la|Bonitatem, disciplinam, scientiam}} | motto_lang = la | mottoeng = Goodness, Discipline, and Knowledge | established = {{start date and age|1857|9|df=y}}{{notetag|This date was when Assumption College was established. The University of Windsor was incorporated on 19 December 1962.}} | academic_affiliations = [[Canadian Association of Research Libraries|CARL]], [[Council of Ontario Universities|COU]], [[Universities Canada]] | caption = Coat of arms | former_names = Assumption College (1857–1956)<br />Assumption University of Windsor (1956–1963) | type = [[Public university|Public]] [[research university]] | president = Robert Gordon | chancellor = [[Mary Jo Haddad]] | city = [[Windsor, Ontario]] | country = Canada | coordinates = {{Coord|42|18|24|N|83|3|57|W|display=title, inline|type:edu}} | academic_staff = 524 | students = 17,520 (2022) | undergrad = 11,691 (2022) | postgrad = 5,829 (2022) | campus = Urban | campus_size = {{convert|51|ha|acre|}} | free_label = Newspaper | free = ''[[The Lance]]'' | mascot = Winston<ref>{{cite web|title=Lancers staff directory for "Win Ston"|url=https://golancers.ca/staff-directory/win-ston/434|access-date=29 December 2023}}</ref> | colours = Blue and Gold {{scarf|start}} {{cell|#005596}}{{cell|#FFCE00}}{{scarf|end}} | endowment = [[Canadian dollar|CAD$]]139 million (2023) | budget = [[Canadian dollar|CAD$]]345 million (2023) | athletics_affiliations = [[U Sports]] - [[Ontario University Athletics|OUA]] | sports_nickname = [[Windsor Lancers|Lancers]] | website = {{URL|https://www.uwindsor.ca|uwindsor.ca}} | logo = Logo of the University of Windsor.svg | logo_upright = }} The '''University of Windsor''' ('''UWindsor''', '''U of W''', or '''UWin''') is a [[public university|public]] [[research university]] in [[Windsor, Ontario]], Canada.<ref>{{cite web |title=About the University &#124; University of Windsor |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/about-the-university |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207143402/https://www.uwindsor.ca/about-the-university |archive-date=7 December 2023 |access-date=2011-10-15 |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref> It is Canada's southernmost university.<ref name="aucc.ca">{{cite web |title=Our Universities |url=http://www.aucc.ca/can_uni/our_universities/index_e.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081031233354/http://www.aucc.ca/can_uni/our_universities/index_e.html |archive-date=2008-10-31 |publisher=[[Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada]]}}</ref> It has approximately 17,500 students.<ref name="intldoem" /> The university was incorporated by the provincial government in 1962 and has more than 150,000 alumni.<ref>{{cite web |date=2020 |title=View |url=https://publications.uwindsor.ca/view-winter-2020-resilience/class-news/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228213220/https://publications.uwindsor.ca/view-winter-2020-resilience/class-news/ |archive-date=28 February 2021 |access-date=30 December 2023 |publisher=University of Windsor Alumni Association}}</ref> The University of Windsor has nine faculties, including the Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, the Faculty of Education, the Faculty of Engineering, [[Odette School of Business]], the Faculty of Graduate Studies, the Faculty of Human Kinetics, the [[University of Windsor Faculty of Law|Faculty of Law]], the Faculty of Nursing, and the Faculty of Science. Through its faculties and independent schools, the university has demonstrated its primary research focuses of automotive, environmental, social justice, and international trade research. In recent years, it has increasingly begun focusing on health, natural science, and entrepreneurship research.<ref name="UWindsor Research">{{cite web |title=Welcome to Research and Innovation at the University of Windsor |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/vp-research/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215120500/https://www.uwindsor.ca/vp-research/ |archive-date=15 December 2023 |access-date=December 28, 2018 |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref> ==History== === Founding era === [[File:Assumption College campus 1928.jpg|alt=An aerial photograph of the Assumption College campus in 1928. A few buildings are visible with lots of empty field space.|left|thumb|The campus of Assumption College in 1928.]] The university dates to the founding of the [[Roman Catholic]] [[Assumption University (Windsor, Ontario)|Assumption College]] in [[Windsor, Ontario]], in 1857.<ref name="ce">{{cite encyclopedia |title=University of Windsor |encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/university-of-windsor |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923213131/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/university-of-windsor |archive-date=23 September 2023 |last2=Lewis |first2=L. |first1=Belinda A. |last1=Beaton}}</ref> Assumption College, a primarily theological institution, was founded by the [[Society of Jesus|Society of Jesuits]] in 1857. [[Congregation of St. Basil|The Basilian Fathers]] assumed control of the college in 1870. The college grew steadily, expanding its curriculum and affiliating with several other colleges over the years.<ref name="heritagefdn.on.ca">{{cite web |date=8 December 2016 |title=University of Windsor, The |url=https://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/en/plaques/university-of-windsor |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412104246/https://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/en/plaques/university-of-windsor |archive-date=12 April 2023 |access-date=December 28, 2018 |publisher=[[Ontario Heritage Trust]]}}</ref> In 1919, Assumption College affiliated with the [[University of Western Ontario]].<ref name="ce" /> This affiliation expanded the curriculum at Assumption, including new general and honours programs for Bachelor of Arts degrees, graduate courses in philosophy, and pre-professional programs in engineering, medicine, and law.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fraser |first=Devon |title=1910s · Assumption College: Through the Decades · collections |url=https://collections.uwindsor.ca/assumption/1910s |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230223446/https://collections.uwindsor.ca/assumption/1910s |archive-date=30 December 2023 |access-date=2023-12-30 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor - Leddy Library}}</ref> At this time, Assumption was one of the largest colleges associated with the University of Western Ontario. The school became co-educational in 1934 when it formed and admitted women to attend Holy Names College.<ref>{{cite web |title=University of Windsor, The |url=https://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/plaques/university-of-windsor |website=Online Plaque Guide |publisher=[[Ontario Heritage Trust]] |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216200722/https://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/plaques/university-of-windsor |archive-date=16 December 2023 |location=Toronto, Ontario |date=2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1937, the first class of women graduated from Assumption College, receiving Bachelor of Arts degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fraser |first=Devon |title=1930s · Assumption College: Through the Decades · collections |url=https://collections.uwindsor.ca/assumption/1930s |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230223447/https://collections.uwindsor.ca/assumption/1930s |archive-date=30 December 2023 |access-date=2023-12-30 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor - Leddy Library}}</ref> Escalating costs forced Assumption College, a Roman Catholic university, to become a public institution to qualify for public support.<ref name="ce" /> In 1953, through an Act of the Ontario Legislature, Assumption College received its own university powers, and ended its affiliation with the University of Western Ontario. In 1956, the institution's name was changed to Assumption University of Windsor, by an Act of the Ontario Legislature, with Reverend [[Eugene Carlisle LeBel]], C.S.B. named as its first President. The recently created Essex College, an independent non-denominational college led by [[Frank A. DeMarco]], became an affiliate, with responsibility for the Faculty of Applied Science; the Schools of Business Administration and Nursing; and the departments of Biology, Chemistry, Geology and Geography, and Mathematics and Physics.<ref name="AU">{{cite web |title=Assumption University: Heritage |url=http://assumptionu.ca/about-us/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515154230/http://assumptionu.ca/about-us/history |archive-date=2014-05-15 |access-date=2014-05-18 |publisher=[[Assumption University (Windsor, Ontario)|Assumption University]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=History of the Leddy Library {{!}} Leddy Library |url=https://leddy.uwindsor.ca/more-info/history-leddy-library |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230223449/https://leddy.uwindsor.ca/more-info/history-leddy-library |archive-date=30 December 2023 |access-date=2023-12-30 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor - Leddy Library}}</ref> === Mid-twentieth century === In the early 1960s, the city of Windsor's growth and demands for higher education led to further restructuring. A petition was made to the province of Ontario for the creation of a non-denominational University of Windsor by the board of governors and regents of Assumption University and the board of directors of Essex College.<ref name="AU" /> The University of Windsor was established as an institution by the ''University of Windsor Act'' on December 19, 1962.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/secretariat/44/university-act |title=University of Windsor Act, 1962-63 |publisher=[[Legislative Assembly of Ontario]] |year=1962 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416115746/https://www.uwindsor.ca/secretariat/44/university-act |archive-date=16 April 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> The transition from an historic Roman Catholic university to a non-denominational provincial university was an unprecedented development.<ref name="AU" /> On July 1, 1963, the entire campus with all of its facilities and faculty became known as the University of Windsor. As a 'federated member', Assumption University remained as an integrated institution, granting degrees only in its Faculty of Theology.<ref name=AU /> Father Eugene Carlisle LeBel from Assumption became the inaugural president of the University of Windsor, and Frank A. DeMarco, who had been holding both positions of Principal, as well as Dean of Applied Science at Essex College, became the inaugural Vice President. The university's coats of arms were designed by [[Heraldry|heraldic]] expert [[Alan Beddoe]].<ref>{{cite web |date=1979 |title=Alan B. Beddoe Fonds (MG30-D252) Finding Aid No. 1089 |url=http://data2.archives.ca/pdf/pdf001/p000000941.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519194758/http://data2.archives.ca/pdf/pdf001/p000000941.pdf |archive-date=19 May 2023 |access-date=March 19, 2019 |publisher=[[National Archives of Canada]]}}</ref> Six months later, Assumption University of Windsor made affiliation agreements with Holy Redeemer College (now [[Académie Ste. Cécile International School|Académie Sainte-Cécile]]), [[Canterbury College (Windsor, Ontario)|Canterbury College]] and the new [[Iona College (Windsor, Ontario)|Iona College]] (affiliated with the [[United Church of Canada]]). Canterbury College became the first [[Anglican Church of Canada|Anglican]] college in the world to affiliate with a Roman Catholic University.<ref name =AU /><ref>{{cite web |title=History of Canterbury College |url=http://www1.uwindsor.ca/canterbury/history-of-canterbury-college |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529131500/http://www1.uwindsor.ca/canterbury/history-of-canterbury-college |archive-date=2014-05-29 |access-date=2014-05-18 |publisher=[[Canterbury College (Windsor, Ontario)|Canterbury College]]}}</ref> [[Image:ChryslerBldgUniversity of Windsor.jpg|thumb|right|Lambton Tower on campus.]] In 1964, when President LeBel retired, [[John Francis Leddy]] was appointed president of the University of Windsor, and presided over a period of significant growth. President Leddy, "concerned that the University of Windsor should emerge as soon as possible from the status and reputation of a College to that of a University", set out to review the existing departments. Based on the strengths in the social sciences, economics, political science and psychology, Leddy proposed to the university's board of governors that a law school be established. In September 1968, the Faculty of Law opened with its first class of students.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Demers |first=Annette |date=2008 |title=A History of the University of Windsor Faculty of Law |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/law/library/sites/uwindsor.ca.law.library/files/faculty_bibliography_final_with_appendixes_included_2.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231001411/https://www.uwindsor.ca/law/library/sites/uwindsor.ca.law.library/files/faculty_bibliography_final_with_appendixes_included_2.pdf |archive-date=31 December 2023 |access-date=30 December 2023 |publisher=University of Windsor - Faculty of Law}}</ref> From 1967 to 1977, Windsor grew from approximately 1,500 to 8,000 full-time students.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} In the 1980s and early 1990s, this growth continued. Among the new buildings erected were the Odette Business Building and the CAW Student Centre.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} The university partnered with [[Chrysler]] in 1996 to establish the Automotive Research and Development Centre, a research lab that focuses on automotive research and education.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Paton-Evans |first=Karen |date=31 December 1998 |title=Industry and education embrace R&D |pages=G8 |work=[[Windsor Star]]}}</ref> === Twenty-first century === Enrolment reached record heights in 2003 with 16,000 students registered, a 15% increase from the year previous. The increase was driven primarily by first-year students due to the elimination of [[Ontario Academic Credit|Grade 13]] in Ontario that year.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sacheli |first=Sarah |date=25 September 2003 |title=Enrolments set record |pages=A2 |work=[[Windsor Star]]}}</ref> The university developed a number of partnerships with businesses and industry, such as a partnership in 2013 with [[Maple Leaf Sports and Entertainment]] that introduced internships for students and research opportunities.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 May 2013 |title=Strategic partnership |url=http://www.uwindsor.ca/dailynews/2013-05-29/strategic-partnership |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522015112/https://www.uwindsor.ca/dailynews/2013-05-29/strategic-partnership |archive-date=22 May 2023 |access-date=3 February 2015 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref> In 2008, a satellite campus of the [[Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry]] opened at the University of Windsor.<ref>{{Cite news |last=LaJoie |first=Don |date=8 November 2008 |title=New medical school a 'dream come true' |pages=A6 |work=[[Windsor Star]]}}</ref> The partnership between the University of Windsor and the University of Western Ontario followed several years of community and political organizing, and built upon an existing partnership that started in 2002 that sent Western medical students to Windsor for clinical training.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Herbert |first=Carol |date=12 July 2010 |title=Windsor's success story |pages=A6 |work=[[Windsor Star]]}}</ref> The satellite school initially trained undergraduate medical students in the [[Doctor of Medicine]] program and has since expanded to offer post-graduate residency programs in family medicine and psychiatry. As of 2023, the program has added almost 100 physicians to the region.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-29 |title=Schulich School of Medicine Windsor Campus celebrates 15 years |url=https://windsor.ctvnews.ca/schulich-school-of-medicine-windsor-campus-celebrates-15-years-1.6334490 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610120229/https://windsor.ctvnews.ca/schulich-school-of-medicine-windsor-campus-celebrates-15-years-1.6334490 |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=2023-12-30 |publisher=[[CTV News]] |language=en}}</ref> ==Campus== [[Image:Detroit from Windsor.JPG|right|thumb|200px|View of the Detroit skyline from the park bordering campus.]] Located in Canada's traditional "automotive capital" across the border from [[Detroit]], the campus is near the United States and its busy port of entry to and from the United States. It is framed by the [[Ambassador Bridge]] to the west and the [[Detroit River]] to the north. The campus covers {{convert|51|ha|acre}} (contiguous) and is surrounded by a residential neighborhood. The campus features a small [[arboretum]], which represents most of the species from the [[Carolinian forest]]. Campus is approximately a 10-minute drive from downtown Windsor. The university has moved some academic programs to the downtown core, including Social Work, the Executive and Professional Education program, Music and Fine Arts. Due to its historical roots in multiple religious institutions, the university's campus has many examples of Christian architecture in addition to its modern flagship buildings like the $10-million dollar Joyce Entrepreneurship Centre.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |title=Innovation Centre renamed Joyce Entrepreneurship Centre |language=en-US |publisher=University of Windsor - EPICentre |url=http://www.epicentreuwindsor.ca/innovation-centre-renamed-joyce-entrepreneurship-centre/ |url-status=live |access-date=2017-12-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417124715/http://www.epicentreuwindsor.ca/innovation-centre-renamed-joyce-entrepreneurship-centre/ |archive-date=17 April 2023}}</ref> The War Memorial Hall (more generally known as Memorial Hall) is a landmark building used as classrooms, labs, and offices. Memorial Hall honours alumni who had enlisted and died in the [[First World War]], and in the [[Second World War]]. A bronze tablet remembers the alumni of Assumption College who died in the Second World War.<ref>{{cite web |title=PHOTOS: University of Windsor Remembers |url=http://windsorite.ca/2010/11/12/university-of-windsor-remembers-photos/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422040432/https://windsorite.ca/2010/11/university-of-windsor-remembers-photos/ |archive-date=22 April 2023 |access-date=28 August 2015 |publisher=windsoriteDOTca News}}</ref> [[File:Dillon Hall winter.jpg|left|thumb|313x313px|Dillon Hall on a winter morning]] The Joyce Entrepreneurship Centre (formerly the “Innovation Centre”) is located on the main campus, on the south side of Wyandotte street.<ref name=":0" /> This building houses the EPICentre, and [[WEtech Alliance]]. The EPICentre (Entrepreneurship, Practice, and Innovation Centre) is a University of Windsor organization focused on providing students and alumni with the expertise and resources necessary to pursue entrepreneurial goals. The EPICentre is part of the Ontario Centres of Excellence and provides education, mentorship, office space and varying levels of funding to help support startup business.<ref>{{cite web |title=EPICentre Program Description |url=https://www.futurpreneur.ca/en/action-entrepreneurship-link/epicentre-entrepreneurship-practice-innovation-2/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190813200826/https://www.futurpreneur.ca/en/action-entrepreneurship-link/epicentre-entrepreneurship-practice-innovation-2/ |archive-date=13 August 2019 |access-date=2019-08-13 |publisher=Futurpreneur Canada}}</ref> [[WEtech Alliance]] is a similar organization, also being an Ontario Centre of Excellence, whose main focus is to support technology startup companies. They provide services to technology startups in the [[Essex County, Ontario|Windsor-Essex]] and [[Chatham-Kent]] regions, not exclusively to students and alumni from the University of Windsor.<ref>{{cite web |last=Terfloth |first=Trevor |date=11 July 2023 |title=Applications open for WEtech Alliance's accelerator program |url=https://www.chathamdailynews.ca/news/local-news/applications-open-for-wetech-alliances-accelerator-program |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711230710/https://www.chathamdailynews.ca/news/local-news/applications-open-for-wetech-alliances-accelerator-program |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=1 January 2024 |website= |publisher=Chatham Daily News}}</ref> The CAW Student Centre is the main, comprehensive centre servicing all student needs. It houses a large food court and the main campus bookstore. Also within the CAW Centre: Student Health Services, a dental office, counselling services, a photographer, a pharmacy, the University of Windsor Students' Alliance (UWSA), a Multi-Faith Space, the campus community radio station [[CJAM-FM]], and an information desk. A large public area beside the food court is available for clubs and informational booths to be set up on certain days. For example, during October there is a period where many Canadian law schools set up booths with representatives who answer questions and provide information to undergraduate students. The St. Denis Centre, at the south end of campus on College Avenue, is the major athletic and recreational facility for students. It has a weight room, exercise facilities, and a swimming pool. The South Campus Stadium built for the 2005 [[Pan American Games|Pan American Junior Games]] is beside the St. Denis Centre - which also has dressing rooms for Lancer teams - and borders Huron Church Road, the major avenue to and from the border crossing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alumni Field |url=https://golancers.ca/sports/2020/11/20/alumni-field |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101205914/https://golancers.ca/sports/2020/11/20/alumni-field |archive-date=1 November 2023 |access-date=1 January 2024 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor - Windsor Lancers |language=en}}</ref> The athletics department has become well known for Track & Field, and Men and Women's Basketball.{{By whom|date=April 2022}} In February 2018, the university announced plans to build a new athletic centre, titled the Lancer Sport and Recreation Centre. The new facility will cost $73 million and be 130,000-square-feet. Unlike the current St. Denis Centre, there will be many separate sections of the facility to host different athletic resources; such as a new gymnasium, pool, fitness gym and many multi-purpose rooms, as opposed to a single general-purpose space.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Steele |first=Kelly |date=28 February 2018 |title=University of Windsor unveils $73M sport and recreation centre design |url=https://windsorstar.com/news/local-news/university-of-windsor-unveils-design-for-73m-sport-and-recreation-centre |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180301212559/http://windsorstar.com/news/local-news/university-of-windsor-unveils-design-for-73m-sport-and-recreation-centre |archive-date=1 March 2018 |access-date=6 August 2019 |publisher=[[Windsor Star]] |language=en}}</ref> Construction for the facility began in October, 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 October 2018 |title=Construction begins in preparation for LSRC |url=http://www.uwindsor.ca/dailynews/2018-10-22/construction-begins-preparation-lsrc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417124308/http://www.uwindsor.ca/dailynews/2018-10-22/construction-begins-preparation-lsrc |archive-date=17 April 2023 |access-date=6 August 2019 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor |language=en}}</ref> In June 2019, a new research facility opened up on the campus. The new facility, called the Essex Centre of Research (or CORe) is built on to the south side of the existing Essex Hall science facility. It is an open concept 46,000-square-feet facility, featuring state-of-the-art labs and will primarily be used as a research facility.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2019 |title=New research centre officially opens at the University of Windsor |url=https://windsor.ctvnews.ca/new-research-centre-officially-opens-at-the-university-of-windsor-1.4484388 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416115729/https://windsor.ctvnews.ca/new-research-centre-officially-opens-at-the-university-of-windsor-1.4484388 |archive-date=16 April 2023 |access-date=6 August 2019 |website=[[CTV News]] |language=en}}</ref> ===Student residences=== [[File:University of Windsor Alumni Hall.jpg|thumb|right|alt=The University of Windsor's Alumni Hall is home to beyond and first-year students and offers two-bedroom suites.|The University of Windsor's Alumni Hall is home to beyond and first-year students and offers two-bedroom suites.]] The university houses students in three residence halls on campus, with a fourth currently under construction. Alumni Hall is home to first-year students and beyond first-year students. Alumni Hall has all-gender floors and it is a suite-style residence where suites have two bedrooms that share a kitchenette and a three-piece bathroom. Beyond first-year students are typically not assigned to the same suite as first-year students. Cartier Hall is home to first-year students.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/residence/1124/residence-halls|title=Residence Halls|website=www.uwindsor.ca}}</ref> Cartier Hall has all-gender floors, two students share one room and four students share one washroom. Laurier Hall is home to both existing students and new students. Laurier Hall has single and double rooms on all gender floors. The University is currently expanding its residence offerings with a new 160,000 square-foot, six-storey, 440-room building featuring dining facilities and other student amenities. It is expected to be ready for occupancy in Fall 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 September 2022 |title=Construction of new residence set to begin |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/dailynews/2022-09-13/construction-new-residence-set-begin |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306115607/https://www.uwindsor.ca/dailynews/2022-09-13/construction-new-residence-set-begin |archive-date=6 March 2023 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref> == Organization and administration == === Governance === The university is governed as a [[Public university|public]], [[Nonprofit organization|non-profit]], and [[non-denominational]] institution by the ''University of Windsor Act, 1962'', which sets out the basic legal obligations and purposes of the institution. Similar to most Canadian universities, the Act establishes the university as a [[Shared governance|bicameral institution]], governed by a Board of Governors and Senate, and led by a chancellor and president.<ref name=":1" /> The Board is responsible for the oversight of all operational aspects of the university, including strategic direction, budgets, property management, and accountability for the university's financial, human, and physical resources.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Board of Governors |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/secretariat/322/board-governors |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.uwindsor.ca |language=en}}</ref> The Board is also responsible for appointing the chancellor, and the president and vice-chancellor. There are 32 members of the board, 20 external and 12 internal; this size was considered to be large without a compelling reason by the [[Auditor General of Ontario]] in a 2022 audit of Ontario universities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=November 2022 |title=Value-for-Money Audit: Financial Management in Ontario Universities |url=https://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en22/AR_FinancialMgmtUniversities_en22.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230830084243/https://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en22/AR_FinancialMgmtUniversities_en22.pdf |archive-date=30 August 2023 |access-date=2 January 2024 |publisher=Office of the Auditor General of Ontario}}</ref> The [[Academic senate|Senate]] is the supreme governing body of the university in academic matters. It is responsible for establishing academic policy, approving new programs and curricular changes, setting admission requirements, and overseeing academic regulation and discipline. It is the Senate that grants degrees, and has the authority to revoke them. The Senate is constituted by members of the [[Academic staff|faculty]], who are either appointed ex-officio by virtue of their role, or elected by the faculty members from their home constituencies. Several students, staff members, and an alumni representative are also appointed to the Senate.<ref name=":1" /> There are several standing committees of the Senate that oversee different aspects of the Senate's mandate.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Senate |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/secretariat/7/senate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417125800/https://www.uwindsor.ca/secretariat/7/senate |archive-date=17 April 2023 |access-date=2 January 2024 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor |language=en}}</ref> As is common in Canada, Windsor is formally headed by the [[Chancellor (education)|chancellor]] and led on a day-to-day basis by the [[Chancellor (education)#Vice-chancellor|president and vice-chancellor]]. The chancellor is the titular head of the university and confers all degrees. The role is mainly ceremonial. Since May 2019 this has been [[Mary Jo Haddad]], a Windsor nursing alumnus and the first woman to take this role, who succeeded [[Ed Lumley]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Chancellor |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/chancellor/welcome |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.uwindsor.ca |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-03 |title=First woman to take reins as UWindsor chancellor |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/viewmagazine/node/281 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=VIEW Magazine |language=en}}</ref> The president serves as the [[chief executive officer|chief executive]] of the university and the chair of the Senate. As per the Act, the president has supervision and direction over the academic work and administration of the university. The current president is Robert Gordon who has been in this role since September 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet the President |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/president/297/presidents-welcome,%20/president/297/presidents-welcome |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.uwindsor.ca |language=en}}</ref> === Faculties, schools, and departments === The university is organized into nine faculties and schools, which may also be made up of departments. These faculties and schools are led by a [[Dean (education)|dean]] who is supported by an associate dean. These, along with the department heads and the faculty members, make up each of the faculty's Assembly or Coordinating Council.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Senate Bylaw 44: Departmentalized Faculty |url=https://lawlibrary.uwindsor.ca/Presto/pl/OTdhY2QzODgtNjhlYi00ZWY0LTg2OTUtNmU5NjEzY2JkMWYxLjg3 |access-date=2 January 2024 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref> The university has 524 faculty members.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fast Facts |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/45/fast-facts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608055558/https://www.uwindsor.ca/45/fast-facts |archive-date=8 June 2023 |access-date=2 January 2024 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor |language=en}}</ref> {{div col}} '''Faculty of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences''' * Department of Communication, Media, and Film * School of Creative Arts * School of Dramatic Art * Department of English and Creative Writing * Department of History * Department of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures * Department of Philosophy * Department of Political Science * Department of Psychology * Department of Sociology and Criminology * School of Social Work '''Faculty of Education''' '''Faculty of Engineering''' * Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering * Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering * Department of Mechanical, Automotive, and Materials Engineering '''Faculty of Graduate Studies''' '''Faculty of Human Kinetics''' [[University of Windsor Faculty of Law|'''Faculty of Law''']] '''Faculty of Nursing''' '''[[Odette School of Business]]''' '''Faculty of Science''' * Department of Biomedical Sciences * Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry * School of Computer Science * School of the Environment * Department of Economics * Department of Integrative Biology * Department of Mathematics and Statistics * Department of Physics {{div col end}} === Federated and affiliated institutions === The University of Windsor has three [[Affiliated school|federated or affiliated]] institutions. It is federated with [[Assumption University (Windsor, Ontario)|Assumption University]], a [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] university offering graduate degree programs in religious subjects. The university is affiliated with [[Canterbury College (Windsor, Ontario)|Canterbury College]], a public liberal arts college affiliated with the [[Anglican Church of Canada]], and [[Iona College (Windsor, Ontario)|Iona College]], a public liberal arts college formerly affiliated with the [[United Church of Canada]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Federated and Affiliated Institutions - Our partners in a well-rounded education |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/52/affiliated-colleges-our-partners-well-rounded-education |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102035445/https://www.uwindsor.ca/52/affiliated-colleges-our-partners-well-rounded-education |archive-date=2 January 2024 |access-date=2 January 2024 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor |language=en}}</ref> === Finances === Windsor has an endowment of $139 million as of April 2023. The university's total assets (including its campus) are valued at $877 million.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Financial statements of the University of Windsor -- Year ended April 30, 2023 |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/finance/sites/uwindsor.ca.finance/files/2023-04-30_uw_financial_statements_-_final_approved_0.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116170445/https://www.uwindsor.ca/finance/sites/uwindsor.ca.finance/files/2023-04-30_uw_financial_statements_-_final_approved_0.pdf |archive-date=16 November 2023 |access-date=2 January 2024 |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref> Its operating budget for the 2023-2024 academic year was $345 million. The [[Government of Ontario]] provided 29% of the university's operating revenue, while tuition fees accounted for the bulk of the remainder at 69%. International student tuition fees comprised 62% of all tuition fee revenue.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Operating Budget 2023 - 2024 |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/finance/sites/uwindsor.ca.finance/files/2023.24_budget_document_final_bog_2023_04_17_0.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116170445/https://www.uwindsor.ca/finance/sites/uwindsor.ca.finance/files/2023-04-30_uw_financial_statements_-_final_approved_0.pdf |archive-date=16 November 2023 |access-date=2 January 2024 |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref> The growing reliance on tuition fees from international students is not unique to the University of Windsor and is common at Ontario's public universities.<ref name=":2" /> A 2023 [[Blue-ribbon committee|blue-ribbon panel]] of experts reviewed the financial sustainability of Ontario's universities and colleges and found that Ontario funds universities at just 57% of the national average, due to the government's policies that reduced direct funding to institutions and cut tuition fees for domestic students.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ensuring Financial Sustainability for Ontario's Postsecondary Sector: Blue-Ribbon Panel on Postsecondary Education Financial Sustainability |url=https://files.ontario.ca/mcu-ensuring-financial-sustainability-for-ontarios-postsecondary-sector-en-2023-11-14.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217174450/https://files.ontario.ca/mcu-ensuring-financial-sustainability-for-ontarios-postsecondary-sector-en-2023-11-14.pdf |archive-date=17 December 2023 |access-date=2 January 2024 |publisher=[[Ministry of Colleges and Universities]]}}</ref> ==Academics== The University of Windsor is a public research university and a member of [[Universities Canada]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Member universities |url=https://www.univcan.ca/universities/member-universities/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108145922/https://www.univcan.ca/universities/member-universities/ |archive-date=8 November 2023 |access-date=30 December 2023 |website= |publisher=Universities Canada |language=en-US}}</ref> Full-time undergraduate students comprise the majority of the university's enrolment, with the university offering over than 120 majors and minors. There are more than 70 master's (course and research based) and doctoral degree programs.<ref name="intldoem" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Academic Programs |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/66/academic-programs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231000028/https://www.uwindsor.ca/66/academic-programs |archive-date=31 December 2023 |access-date=30 December 2023 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor |language=en}}</ref> In 2020, the university conferred more than 2,700 bachelor's degrees, 1,900 master's degrees, and 50 doctoral degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Common University Data Ontario - A. General Information (2021) |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/common-university-data-ontario/394/general-information-2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102043309/https://www.uwindsor.ca/common-university-data-ontario/394/general-information-2021 |archive-date=2 January 2024 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor |language=en}}</ref> The University of Windsor's philosophy department is known for its work in [[informal logic]], and regularly hosts an international argumentation conference through the Ontario Society for the Study of Argumentation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Proceedings of the Ontario Society for the Study of Argumentation Conference |url=https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/ossaarchive/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004231242/https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/ossaarchive/ |archive-date=4 October 2023 |access-date=1 January 2024 |publisher=Ontario Society for the Study of Argumentation}}</ref> Students, faculty, and visiting researchers collaborate in the inter-departmental research group the [[Centre for Research in Reasoning, Argumentation, and Rhetoric]].<ref>{{cite web |title=About CRRAR |url=http://www1.uwindsor.ca/crrar/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305011313/http://www1.uwindsor.ca/crrar/ |archive-date=2016-03-05 |access-date=2016-03-08 |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref> As of 2016, the University of Windsor offers an interdisciplinary PhD in Argumentation Studies, the only graduate program in North America with a focus on this field.<ref>{{cite web |title=Argumentation Studies: Interdisciplinary PhD at UWindsor |url=http://www.uwindsor.ca/fahss/sites/uwindsor.ca.fahss/files/8331_argumentationrhetoric2016_v2.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422042921/https://www.uwindsor.ca/fahss/sites/uwindsor.ca.fahss/files/8331_argumentationrhetoric2016_v2.pdf |archive-date=22 April 2023 |access-date=1 January 2024 |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref>[[Image:OdetteBldg University of Windsor.jpg|thumb|225px|Faculty of Business, Odette Building.]]The Faculty of Nursing offers several undergraduate and graduate programs. This includes the accredited clinical [[Bachelor of Science in Nursing]] and [[nurse practitioner]] programs, along with a research-based doctoral program.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Accredited Canadian Nursing Education Programs |url=https://www.casn.ca/accreditation/accredited-canadian-nursing-education-programs/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231012551/https://www.casn.ca/accreditation/accredited-canadian-nursing-education-programs/ |archive-date=31 December 2023 |access-date=31 December 2023 |website= |publisher=Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nurse Practitioner (NP) Programs |url=https://www.cno.org/en/become-a-nurse/approved-nursing-programs/np-programs/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231002546/https://www.cno.org/en/become-a-nurse/approved-nursing-programs/np-programs/ |archive-date=31 December 2023 |access-date=31 December 2023 |website= |publisher=College of Nurses of Ontario}}</ref> The undergraduate program is also offered in collaboration with [[St. Clair College]]. The [[University of Windsor Faculty of Law|Faculty of Law]], one of seven in Ontario, has a major teaching and research focus on social justice issues and criminal law. Two [[legal clinic]]s offer training experience for students. The faculty offers a dual undergraduate law program with the [[University of Detroit Mercy]], training students in both Canadian and US law, the only one of its kind in North America.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Canadian & American Dual JD Program |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/law/370/canadian-american-dual-jd-program |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031143209/http://www.uwindsor.ca/law/370/canadian-american-dual-jd-program |archive-date=31 October 2023 |access-date=31 December 2023 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor |language=en}}</ref> University of Windsor also provides Inter-Faculty Programs offering cross-departmental majors like [[Forensic science|Forensics]], [[Environmental studies]] and Arts & Science concentration. There are nine [[cooperative education]] programs for 1,100 students. === Reputation and rankings === {{Infobox Canadian university rankings | MAC_comp = 14 | QS_W = 547 | QS_N = 20 | THES_W = 501–600 | THES_N = 21–24 | USNWR_GU = 1121 | USNWR_N = 27 }}The University of Windsor has placed in higher-education school rankings. The 2025 [[QS World University Rankings]] ranked the university 547 in the world, and 20th in Canada. The 2023 [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]] placed Windsor 501-600 in the world. In the 2022-2023 ''[[U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking]]'', the university placed 1121 in the world, and 21st in Canada. In terms of national rankings, ''[[Maclean's]]'' ranked Windsor 14th in their 2024 comprehensive university rankings. === Scholarships === The university joined Project Hero, a scholarship program cofounded by General (Ret'd) [[Rick Hillier]], for the families of fallen [[Canadian Forces]] members.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Project Hero |url=http://www.accc.ca/english/services/cdnforces/hero.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100314170050/http://www.accc.ca/english/services/cdnforces/hero.htm |archive-date=14 March 2010 |access-date=10 March 2011 |publisher=Association of Canadian Community Colleges}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Project Hero – OUInfo |url=https://www.ontariouniversitiesinfo.ca/scholarships/2489 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608185320/https://ontariouniversitiesinfo.ca/scholarships/2489 |archive-date=8 June 2023 |access-date=2 January 2024 |publisher=Ontario Universities' Info}}</ref> The university established Rosa Schreiber Award with the assistance of former University of Windsor Professor Economics, [[Alan A. Brown]]. From the university's Senate Committee on Student Awards: The competition award is open to arts or social science students in Year 2 or beyond. Applicants must submit a 1,500–2,000-word essay on some aspect of moral courage. Submission must be made to the Office of Student Awards. This competition will be held in alternate years. It was established in 1995 to honour Rosa Schreiber, an Austrian freedom fighter who risked her life to help others during World War II.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}} ==Student life== International students from nearly 100 countries make up approximately 29% of the student population. Despite the large number of international students, the majority of students are domestic and come from Windsor and Essex County; 12% of full-time students originate from the [[Greater Toronto Area]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Applications, Confirmations, and Registrations by Geographic Origin for Domestic 105s to First Year |url=http://www.uwindsor.ca/institutional-analysis/sites/uwindsor.ca.institutional-analysis/files/fall_2016_yr1_apps_105s_ontario_county.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417124230/https://www.uwindsor.ca/institutional-analysis/sites/uwindsor.ca.institutional-analysis/files/fall_2016_yr1_apps_105s_ontario_county.pdf |archive-date=17 April 2023 |access-date=19 March 2019 |publisher=University of Windsor - Office of Institutional Analysis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=University of Windsor Fast Facts |url=http://www.uwindsor.ca/45/fast-facts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608055558/https://www.uwindsor.ca/45/fast-facts |archive-date=8 June 2023 |access-date=30 September 2019 |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref><ref name="intldoem" /> {| style="text-align:center; float:right; font-size:85%; margin-left:2em; margin:10px" class="wikitable" |+ ''Demographics of student body (2022)''{{notetag|The following includes both full-time, and part-time students.}} ! !! Undergraduate{{notetag|The following includes students enrolled in [[first professional degree]] programs.}} !! Graduate |- ! [[Male]]<ref name="female">{{cite web |year=2022 |title=Female Enrolment by Program |url=https://cudo.ouac.on.ca/page.php?id=7&table=6#univ=32&y=2022 |access-date=2 January 2024 |work=Common University Data Ontario |publisher=Council of Ontario Universities}}</ref><ref name="male">{{cite web |year=2022 |title=Male Enrolment by Program |url=https://cudo.ouac.on.ca/page.php?id=7&table=2#univ=32&y=2022 |access-date=2 January 2024 |work=Common University Data Ontario |publisher=Council of Ontario Universities}}</ref> | 44% || 61% |- ! [[Female]]<ref name=female/><ref name=male/> | 56% || 39% |- ! [[Canadian|Canadian student]]<ref name="intldoem">{{cite web |year=2022 |title=Total Enrolment by Program |url=https://cudo.ouac.on.ca/page.php?id=7&table=7#univ=32&y=2022 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2 January 2024 |work=Common University Data Ontario |publisher=Council of Ontario Universities}}</ref> | 93% || 27% |- ! [[International student]]<ref name=intldoem/> | 7% || 73% |} In addition to the newspaper ''The Lance'', which is partially funded by the UWSA and provides stories written by student volunteers, students at the University of Windsor publish several independent publications. ''The Student Movement'' is a grassroots, independent, student run paper providing a critical discourse towards administration and the UWSA.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} ''The Issue'' is a student run electronic publication covering international social justice issues.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} [[Francis Leddy|Leddy]] Library is the main campus library. The [[Paul Martin Sr.|Paul Martin]] Law Library serves the Faculty of Law. The [[Canadian Auto Workers Union]] helped to build the CAW [[Student center|Student Centre]] which is a central meeting place for students.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} The university has a unique agreement with the [[Ambassador Bridge|Ambassador]] Duty-Free Store at Canada's busiest border crossing which provides student jobs, 400 parking spaces, and an annual cash annuity to the school.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} Students also take advantage of the downtown area conveniently down the street. From restaurants to printing shops, to Bubble Tea Cafés, there are a variety of shops of interest to students. Toldo Lancer Center is the newest addition to the University of Windsor. It provides many different kinds of recreational services for students including free access to the Fitness Center to workout, opened every day. Students can also enjoy their access to the Dennis Fairall Fieldhouse and state of the art additions including Lancer Commons, Pool, Triple Gymnasium and Multipurpose Rooms. The Toldo Lancer Center officially opened to students on July 4, 2022.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} ===Student unions=== [[File:UWSA-University of Windsor Students' Alliance.jpg|thumb|University of Windsor Students' Alliance logo]] There are three student unions at Windsor. The University of Windsor Students' Alliance, otherwise known as the UWSA, represents all full-time [[undergraduate]] students at the University of Windsor, located in [[Windsor, Ontario]], Canada. It provides services such as an Office of Student Empowerment, financial awards, a [[food bank|food pantry]], representation on various University of Windsor bodies, a weekly student newspaper, ''[[The Lance]]'', and various other services and programs.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Lance - News at UWindsor |work=[[The Lance]] |publisher= |url=https://www.thelance.ca/ |url-status=live |access-date=2 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230053303/https://www.thelance.ca/ |archive-date=30 December 2023}}</ref> The Organization of Part-time University Students (OPUS) represents part-time undergraduate students, while the Graduate Student Society represents all graduate students at the university.<ref>{{cite web |year= |title=Mandate and History |url=https://uwindsorgss.ca/about/mandate/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808035340/https://uwindsorgss.ca/about/mandate/ |archive-date=8 August 2023 |access-date=22 April 2022 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor Graduate Student Society}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |year= |title=About Us |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/opus/about-us |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417124252/https://www.uwindsor.ca/opus/about-us |archive-date=17 April 2023 |access-date=2 January 2024 |website= |publisher=Organization of Part-time University Students}}</ref> All three student unions are affiliated with the [[Canadian Federation of Students]].<ref>{{cite web |year= |title=About UWSA |url=https://uwsa.ca/about/about-uwsa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109133824/https://uwsa.ca/about/about-uwsa/ |archive-date=9 November 2023 |access-date=22 April 2022 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor Student Alliance}}</ref> ===Athletics=== {{main|Windsor Lancers}} [[Image:WindsorSouthCampusstadium.jpg|right|thumbnail|200px|South Campus Stadium stands.]]The University is represented in [[U Sports]] by the [[Windsor Lancers]]. The Lancers play within the [[Ontario University Athletics]] conference. The University of Windsor Stadium plays host to a variety of intercollegiate sports including: {{col div}} * Football * Soccer * Outdoor track and field * Basketball * Volleyball * Curling * Ball Hockey * European Handball * Flag Football * Table Tennis * Indoor Rugby * Windsor Lancers Ice Hockey team plays at the South Windsor Arena.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://golancers.ca/schedule.aspx?path=mhockey|title=Windsor Lancers Mens Hockey Schedule|website=uwindsor.ca|publisher=University of Windsor|access-date=2 August 2018}}</ref> {{col div end}} ==Notable people== ===Alumni=== {{col div}} * [[Lorne Abony]], businessman * [[Navdeep Bains]], [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal]] [[Member of Parliament (Canada)|MP]] for [[Mississauga—Malton (federal electoral district)|Mississauga—Malton]], and [[Minister of Innovation, Science and Economic Development]] * [[James Bondy]], entertainer, co-star of ''[[Ribert and Robert's Wonderworld]]''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jamesbondy.com/images/BIOtextpic.jpg |title=Bio |website=jamesbondy.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007173710/http://www.jamesbondy.com/images/BIOtextpic.jpg |access-date=2007-12-02|archive-date=2007-10-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Joe Bowen]], sportscaster, "The Voice of the Toronto Maple Leafs"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sportsnet.ca/bios/bowen_joe/ |title=Joe Bowen Bio |publisher=sportsnet.ca |date=1951-04-05 |access-date=2011-10-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024163429/http://www.sportsnet.ca/bios/bowen_joe/ |archive-date=2011-10-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Patrick Brown (Canadian politician)|Patrick Brown]], former [[Leader of the Opposition (Ontario)|Leader of the Opposition in Ontario]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Patrick Brown |url=https://www.ola.org/en/members/all/patrick-brown |publisher=Legislative Assembly of Ontario |access-date=December 29, 2018}}</ref> and Mayor of Brampton<ref>{{cite web |url=http://servingbarrie.com/home/biography/ |title=Patrick Brown, MP - biography |access-date=2008-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915132409/http://servingbarrie.com/home/biography/ |archive-date=2008-09-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mayor of Brampton: Patrick Brown |url=http://www.brampton.ca/en/City-Hall/Mayor-Office/Pages/Welcome.aspx |publisher=City of Brampton |access-date=December 29, 2018}}</ref> * [[Warren Christie]], actor * [[Antoni Cimolino]], general director of the [[Stratford Festival]] * [[Joe Comuzzi]], former Member of Parliament and cabinet minister * [[Nicole Corriero]], all-time collegiate hockey record holder for most goals in a season (59 goals, tied with [[Mike Donnelly]]) * [[Murray Costello]], retired NHL player, president of Hockey Canada, inducted into Hockey Hall of Fame, the IIHF Hall of Fame, Canada's Sports Hall of Fame, and is an Officer of the Order of Canada, and a recipient of the Order of Hockey in Canada.<ref name="Cleary">{{cite web|url=https://www.pressreader.com/canada/ottawa-citizen/20131009/281822871518271|title=Costello enters Canada's Sports Hall of Fame|last=Cleary|first=Martin|date=2013-10-09|via=PressReader|publisher=Ottawa Citizen|access-date=2018-03-17}}</ref><ref name="UWindsor">{{cite web|url=http://www1.uwindsor.ca/alumni/murray-costello-ba-59|title=Murray Costello BA '59|website=University of Windsor|publisher=Alumni Association|access-date=2018-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321192527/http://www1.uwindsor.ca/alumni/murray-costello-ba-59|archive-date=2018-03-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[Dean Del Mastro]], former Member of Parliament * [[Drew Dilkens]], mayor of [[Windsor, Ontario]] * [[Dwight Duncan]], former [[Member of Provincial Parliament (Ontario)|Member of Provincial Parliament]] and former [[Ministry of Finance (Ontario)|Minister of Finance]] * [[Colm Feore]], actor * [[Eddie Francis]], former mayor of [[Windsor, Ontario]] * [[Arjei Franklin]], receiver, [[Winnipeg Blue Bombers]], CFL * [[Douglas Fregin]], co-founder of [[BlackBerry Limited]] * [[Stewart Friesen]], Racecar driver, [[NASCAR]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/urlsa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://m.nascar.com/drivers/stewart-friesen&ved=2ahUKEwiE497T78foAhWol3IEHU4cDyQQFjAgegQIAxAB&usg=AOvVaw3Y_FFdDBhSGiSHk2bXMaaT |title=Wayback Machine has not archived that URL. |access-date=2023-04-10 }} {{Dead link|date=January 2022}}</ref> * [[Roger Gallaway]], former Member of Parliament * [[Kevin Hanchard]], actor * [[Mark Hominick]], UFC fighter<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.realfightgear.com/index.php?mod=News&start=1560&col_sort=&op=cat&id=5|title=Real Fight Gear|access-date=28 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715161659/http://www.realfightgear.com/index.php?mod=News&start=1560&col_sort=&op=cat&id=5|archive-date=2011-07-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[Marie Howe]], poet * [[Dario Hunter]], the first Muslim-born person to be ordained a rabbi.<ref name="ynet">{{cite news |title=NYC: Ex-Muslim to be ordained as rabbi|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4251324,00.html|work=YNetNews.com |date=July 7, 2012 |access-date=August 27, 2012 }}</ref> * [[Maureen Jennings]], novelist<ref>{{cite web |last1=Napier |first1=Jim |title=Maureen Jennings |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/maureen-jennings |website=The Canadian Encyclopedia |access-date=23 January 2019 |date=14 May 2012}}</ref> * [[Ronalda Jones]], writer and actress<ref>"Fame eludes Ronalda Jones: Hit abroad, hard times at home". ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'', March 18, 1982.</ref> * [[Akshay Kumar]], Bollywood actor * [[Thomas LaSorda]], CEO of [[Chrysler|Chrysler Group]] * [[Hilary M. Lips]], Emerita professor and research faculty in Psychology at [[Radford University]] * [[Frank Mahovlich]], [[NHL]] Hall-of-Famer and [[Senate of Canada|Canadian Senator]] * [[Stephen Mandel]], Alberta Minister of Health and former mayor of [[Edmonton, Alberta]] * [[Dylan Mandlsohn]], stand-up comedian * [[Sergio Marchionne]], CEO of [[Fiat Chrysler Automobiles]], chairman of [[CNH Industrial]] and CEO of [[Ferrari]] * [[Joe Mimran]], Canadian fashion designer and entrepreneur, launched the Club Monaco and Joe Fresh brands * [[Thomas Moore (spiritual writer)|Thomas Moore]], author * [[Hodan Nalayeh]], media executive and entrepreneur * [[Rick Nicholls]], [[Member of Provincial Parliament (Ontario)|Member of Provincial Parliament]] for [[Chatham-Kent—Leamington (provincial electoral district)|Chatham-Kent—Leamington]], [[Ontario]] * [[Rob Nicholson]], [[Minister of National Defence (Canada)|Minister of National Defence]] of Canada * [[Richard Peddie]], former president and CEO of [[Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www1.uwindsor.ca/ols/2013/speakers/richard-peddie-2013|title=Richard Peddie|access-date=2013-12-27|publisher=University of Windsor |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228064221/http://www1.uwindsor.ca/ols/2013/speakers/richard-peddie-2013|archive-date=2013-12-28}}</ref> * [[Joel Quenneville]], former coach of the [[Chicago Blackhawks]] of the NHL * [[Carlos Queiroz]], professional soccer manager * [[Father John Redmond Catholic Secondary School and Regional Arts Centre#Origins|John Redmond]] [[Congregation of St. Basil|C.S.B.]], Basilian priest, teacher, principal, athletic director and coach at [[Michael Power/St. Joseph High School]]. * [[Michael Rotenberg]], film and television producer * [[Lynsay Sands]], author<ref>{{cite web|title=About the Author Lynsay Sands |url=http://www.harpercollins.com/author/microsite/About.aspx?authorid=28916 |publisher=Harper Collins |access-date=2008-01-11}}</ref> * [[Douglas Stenton]] [[Order of Canada|OC]], archaeologist, former Director of Heritage for the Nunavut Department of Culture and Heritage * [[Amanda Tapping]], actor<ref>{{cite web |last1=Williams |first1=Paul |title=Amanda Tapping |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/amanda-tapping |website=The Canadian Encyclopedia |access-date=December 29, 2018}}</ref> * [[Anna Maria Tremonti]], CBC Radio and CBC Television reporter * [[Daniel Victor]], musician and founder of [[Neverending White Lights]] * [[Tessa Virtue]], professional ice dancer, most decorated figure skater in [[List of Olympic medalists in figure skating|Olympic history]] * [[Bob Weeks]], [[The Sports Network|TSN]] golf analyst, member of Canadian Golf Hall of Fame and Canadian Curling Hall of Fame * [[Nigel Shawn Williams]], actor * [[Anna Mae Wills]], actress * [[Alexander Zonjic]], professional flutist * [[Stanley E. Zin]], William R. Berkley Professor of Economics and Business, [[New York University]], and [[Frisch Medal]] winner {{col div end}} ===Faculty=== {{col div}} * [[Iain Baxter&]], Professor Emeritus School of Visual Arts, award-winning Canadian photographer, painter, sculptor, installation artist, and conceptual artist * [[Di Brandt]], former Professor and poet * [[Alan A. Brown]], Professor of Economics, founder of [[Omicron Delta Epsilon]] (ODE), international honor society in Economics *[[Tricia Carmichael]], Professor of Chemistry * [[John N. Deck]], former professor, Plotinus Scholar * [[Craig Fleisher]], Professor of Management and Windsor Research Leadership Chair, Odette School of Business, author of several key books on business and [[competitive intelligence]] * [[Alistair MacLeod]], Author, Arts Faculty Professor, and award-winning Canadian author * [[Howard McCurdy]], former professor, scientist, department head, first black tenured professor in Canada, politician, and scholar * [[Marshall McLuhan]], former professor, Canadian educator, philosopher, and scholar * [[Eugene McNamara]], Professor Emeritus of English, writer, and poet, initiated the Creative Writing Program which has graduated a number of award-winning authors, former editor of the Windsor Review * [[Lakshman Marasinghe]], Professor Emeritus of Law, Chairman of the Law Commission of Sri Lanka * [[André Narbonne]], professor of English and writer * [[Joyce Carol Oates]], former visiting English Department Faculty member from 1968 to 1978 now at [[Princeton University]], American Author * [[Howard Pawley]] (retired), former [[Manitoba New Democratic Party|NDP]] [[Premier of Manitoba]] (1981–1988) * [[Ralph Simmonds]], judge on the Supreme Court of Western Australia, once a professor of law at University of Windsor * [[Vern Stenlund]], Professor of Education, Coach men's hockey, former [[NHL]] player and co-author of hockey books with [[Bobby Orr]] {{col div end}} ===Presidents=== # [[Eugene Carlisle LeBel]], 1963–1964 # [[John Francis Leddy]], 1964–1978 # Mervyn Franklin, 1978–1984 # Ronald W. Ianni, 1984–1997 # [[Ross H. Paul]], 1998–2008 # Alan Wildeman, 2008–2018 # Douglas Kneale, 2018-2019 (interim) # Robert Gordon, 2019–present ===Chancellors=== # [[Keiller Mackay]], 1964–1970<ref>{{cite web |title=Chancellors, Board Chairs, Presidents - Past and Present |url=https://www.uwindsor.ca/secretariat/313/chancellors |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416115746/https://www.uwindsor.ca/secretariat/313/chancellors |archive-date=16 April 2023 |access-date=14 February 2021 |website= |publisher=University of Windsor}}</ref> # [[Lucien Lamoureu]], 1971–1977 # [[Richard Rohmer]]. 1978–1989 # [[William Somerville (chancellor)|William Somerville]], 1989–1993 # [[Charles Clark (chancellor)|Charles Clark]], 1993–1996 # [[Richard Rohmer]], 1996–1997 # [[Frederic Jackma]], 1997–2006 # [[Edward Lumley]], 2006–2019 # [[Mary Jo Haddad]], 2019–present ==See also== {{Portal|Ontario}} * [[Canadian Centre for Alternatives to Animal Methods]] * [[Higher education in Ontario]] * [[List of universities in Ontario]] ==Notes== {{notefoot}} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons category|University of Windsor}} * {{Official website|http://www.uwindsor.ca/}} {{UWindsor}} {{Windsor, Ontario}} {{Ont post-secondary|d}} {{Universities in Canada}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Windsor, University Of}} [[Category:University of Windsor| ]] [[Category:Universities and colleges established in 1962]] [[Category:1962 establishments in Ontario]] [[Category:Universities in Ontario]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Authority_control" title="Template:Authority control">Template:Authority control</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Authority_control&action=edit" title="Template:Authority control">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Both" title="Template:Both">Template:Both</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Both&action=edit" title="Template:Both">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Br_separated_entries" title="Template:Br separated entries">Template:Br separated entries</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Br_separated_entries&action=edit" title="Template:Br separated entries">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:By_whom" title="Template:By whom">Template:By whom</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:By_whom&action=edit" title="Template:By whom">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Category_handler" title="Template:Category handler">Template:Category handler</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Category_handler&action=edit" title="Template:Category handler">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cell" title="Template:Cell">Template:Cell</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cell&action=edit" title="Template:Cell">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed" title="Template:Citation needed">Template:Citation needed</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Citation_needed&action=edit" title="Template:Citation needed">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">Template:Cite book</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_book&action=edit" title="Template:Cite book">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">Template:Cite encyclopedia</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_encyclopedia&action=edit" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">Template:Cite news</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_news&action=edit" title="Template:Cite news">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">Template:Cite web</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_web&action=edit" title="Template:Cite web">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Col_div" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Col div">Template:Col div</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Col_div&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Col div">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Col_div_end" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Col div end">Template:Col div end</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Col_div_end&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Col div end">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Comma_separated_entries" title="Template:Comma separated entries">Template:Comma separated entries</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Comma_separated_entries&action=edit" title="Template:Comma separated entries">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Commons_category" title="Template:Commons category">Template:Commons category</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Commons_category&action=edit" title="Template:Commons category">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Convert" title="Template:Convert">Template:Convert</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Convert&action=edit" title="Template:Convert">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Coord" title="Template:Coord">Template:Coord</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Coord&action=edit" title="Template:Coord">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Dead_link" title="Template:Dead link">Template:Dead link</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Dead_link&action=edit" title="Template:Dead link">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Delink" title="Template:Delink">Template:Delink</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Delink&action=edit" title="Template:Delink">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Div_col" title="Template:Div col">Template:Div col</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Div_col&action=edit" title="Template:Div col">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Div_col/styles.css" title="Template:Div col/styles.css">Template:Div col/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Div_col/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Div col/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Div_col_end" title="Template:Div col end">Template:Div col end</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Div_col_end&action=edit" title="Template:Div col end">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Fix" title="Template:Fix">Template:Fix</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Fix&action=edit" title="Template:Fix">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Fix/category" title="Template:Fix/category">Template:Fix/category</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Fix/category&action=edit" title="Template:Fix/category">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:For" title="Template:For">Template:For</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:For&action=edit" title="Template:For">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hlist/styles.css" title="Template:Hlist/styles.css">Template:Hlist/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Hlist/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Hlist/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:If_empty" title="Template:If empty">Template:If empty</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:If_empty&action=edit" title="Template:If empty">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox" title="Template:Infobox">Template:Infobox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Infobox&action=edit" title="Template:Infobox">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_Canadian_university_rankings" title="Template:Infobox Canadian university rankings">Template:Infobox Canadian university rankings</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Infobox_Canadian_university_rankings&action=edit" title="Template:Infobox Canadian university rankings">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_university" title="Template:Infobox university">Template:Infobox university</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Infobox_university&action=edit" title="Template:Infobox university">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Longitem" title="Template:Longitem">Template:Longitem</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Longitem&action=edit" title="Template:Longitem">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:MONTHNAME" title="Template:MONTHNAME">Template:MONTHNAME</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:MONTHNAME&action=edit" title="Template:MONTHNAME">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:MONTHNUMBER" title="Template:MONTHNUMBER">Template:MONTHNUMBER</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:MONTHNUMBER&action=edit" title="Template:MONTHNUMBER">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Main" title="Template:Main">Template:Main</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Main&action=edit" title="Template:Main">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Main_other" title="Template:Main other">Template:Main other</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Main_other&action=edit" title="Template:Main other">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Native_name" title="Template:Native name">Template:Native name</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Native_name&action=edit" title="Template:Native name">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Navbox" title="Template:Navbox">Template:Navbox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Navbox&action=edit" title="Template:Navbox">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups" title="Template:Navbox with collapsible groups">Template:Navbox with collapsible groups</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups&action=edit" title="Template:Navbox with collapsible groups">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:NoteFoot" title="Template:NoteFoot">Template:NoteFoot</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:NoteFoot&action=edit" title="Template:NoteFoot">view source</a>) (extended confirmed protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:NoteTag" title="Template:NoteTag">Template:NoteTag</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:NoteTag&action=edit" title="Template:NoteTag">view source</a>) (extended confirmed protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Notefoot" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Notefoot">Template:Notefoot</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Notefoot&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Notefoot">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Notetag" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Notetag">Template:Notetag</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Notetag&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Notetag">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Official_website" title="Template:Official website">Template:Official website</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Official_website&action=edit" title="Template:Official website">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ont_post-secondary" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Ont post-secondary">Template:Ont post-secondary</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Ont_post-secondary&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Ont post-secondary">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Pagetype" title="Template:Pagetype">Template:Pagetype</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Pagetype&action=edit" title="Template:Pagetype">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Plainlist/styles.css" title="Template:Plainlist/styles.css">Template:Plainlist/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Plainlist/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Plainlist/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Portal" title="Template:Portal">Template:Portal</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Portal&action=edit" title="Template:Portal">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Post-secondary_institutions_in_Ontario" title="Template:Post-secondary institutions in Ontario">Template:Post-secondary institutions in Ontario</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Post-secondary_institutions_in_Ontario&action=edit" title="Template:Post-secondary institutions in Ontario">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Px2" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Px2">Template:Px2</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Px2&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Px2">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist" title="Template:Reflist">Template:Reflist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Reflist&action=edit" title="Template:Reflist">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist/styles.css" title="Template:Reflist/styles.css">Template:Reflist/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Reflist/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Reflist/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Replace" title="Template:Replace">Template:Replace</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Replace&action=edit" title="Template:Replace">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:SDcat" title="Template:SDcat">Template:SDcat</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:SDcat&action=edit" title="Template:SDcat">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Scarf" title="Template:Scarf">Template:Scarf</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Scarf&action=edit" title="Template:Scarf">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Short_description" title="Template:Short description">Template:Short description</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Short_description&action=edit" title="Template:Short description">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck" title="Template:Short description/lowercasecheck">Template:Short description/lowercasecheck</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck&action=edit" title="Template:Short description/lowercasecheck">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Side_box" title="Template:Side box">Template:Side box</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Side_box&action=edit" title="Template:Side box">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sister_project" title="Template:Sister project">Template:Sister project</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Sister_project&action=edit" title="Template:Sister project">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sister_project/styles.css" title="Template:Sister project/styles.css">Template:Sister project/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Sister_project/styles.css&action=edit" title="Template:Sister project/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Start_date_and_age" title="Template:Start date and age">Template:Start date and age</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Start_date_and_age&action=edit" title="Template:Start date and age">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Template_other" title="Template:Template other">Template:Template other</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Template_other&action=edit" title="Template:Template other">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Topics_of_Ontario_Cities" title="Template:Topics of Ontario Cities">Template:Topics of Ontario Cities</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Topics_of_Ontario_Cities&action=edit" title="Template:Topics of Ontario Cities">view source</a>) (semi-protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Trim" title="Template:Trim">Template:Trim</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Trim&action=edit" title="Template:Trim">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Two_pixel_space" title="Template:Two pixel space">Template:Two pixel space</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Two_pixel_space&action=edit" title="Template:Two pixel space">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:URL" title="Template:URL">Template:URL</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:URL&action=edit" title="Template:URL">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:UWindsor" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:UWindsor">Template:UWindsor</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:UWindsor&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:UWindsor">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_in_Canada" title="Template:Universities in Canada">Template:Universities in Canada</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Universities_in_Canada&action=edit" title="Template:Universities in Canada">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Windsor" title="Template:University of Windsor">Template:University of Windsor</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:University_of_Windsor&action=edit" title="Template:University of Windsor">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Windsor,_Ontario" title="Template:Windsor, Ontario">Template:Windsor, Ontario</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Windsor,_Ontario&action=edit" title="Template:Windsor, Ontario">edit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Years_or_months_ago" title="Template:Years or months ago">Template:Years or months ago</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Years_or_months_ago&action=edit" title="Template:Years or months ago">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Yesno" title="Template:Yesno">Template:Yesno</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Yesno&action=edit" title="Template:Yesno">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Zero_width_joiner" title="Template:Zero width joiner">Template:Zero width joiner</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Zero_width_joiner&action=edit" title="Template:Zero width joiner">view source</a>) (extended confirmed protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Arguments" title="Module:Arguments">Module:Arguments</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Arguments&action=edit" title="Module:Arguments">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Authority_control" title="Module:Authority control">Module:Authority control</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Authority_control&action=edit" title="Module:Authority control">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Authority_control/auxiliary" title="Module:Authority control/auxiliary">Module:Authority control/auxiliary</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Authority_control/auxiliary&action=edit" title="Module:Authority control/auxiliary">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Authority_control/config" title="Module:Authority control/config">Module:Authority control/config</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Authority_control/config&action=edit" title="Module:Authority control/config">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Category_handler" title="Module:Category handler">Module:Category handler</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Category_handler&action=edit" title="Module:Category handler">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Category_handler/blacklist" title="Module:Category handler/blacklist">Module:Category handler/blacklist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Category_handler/blacklist&action=edit" title="Module:Category handler/blacklist">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Category_handler/config" title="Module:Category handler/config">Module:Category handler/config</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Category_handler/config&action=edit" title="Module:Category handler/config">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Category_handler/data" title="Module:Category handler/data">Module:Category handler/data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Category_handler/data&action=edit" title="Module:Category handler/data">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Category_handler/shared" title="Module:Category handler/shared">Module:Category handler/shared</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Category_handler/shared&action=edit" title="Module:Category handler/shared">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Check_for_clobbered_parameters" title="Module:Check for clobbered parameters">Module:Check for clobbered parameters</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Check_for_clobbered_parameters&action=edit" title="Module:Check for clobbered parameters">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Check_for_unknown_parameters" title="Module:Check for unknown parameters">Module:Check for unknown parameters</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Check_for_unknown_parameters&action=edit" title="Module:Check for unknown parameters">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1" title="Module:Citation/CS1">Module:Citation/CS1</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/COinS" title="Module:Citation/CS1/COinS">Module:Citation/CS1/COinS</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/COinS&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/COinS">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration">Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation">Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers">Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities">Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist">Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css" title="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css">Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Convert" title="Module:Convert">Module:Convert</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Convert&action=edit" title="Module:Convert">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Convert/data" title="Module:Convert/data">Module:Convert/data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Convert/data&action=edit" title="Module:Convert/data">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Convert/text" title="Module:Convert/text">Module:Convert/text</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Convert/text&action=edit" title="Module:Convert/text">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Coordinates" title="Module:Coordinates">Module:Coordinates</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Coordinates&action=edit" title="Module:Coordinates">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Coordinates/styles.css" title="Module:Coordinates/styles.css">Module:Coordinates/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Coordinates/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Coordinates/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Delink" title="Module:Delink">Module:Delink</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Delink&action=edit" title="Module:Delink">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Disambiguation/templates" title="Module:Disambiguation/templates">Module:Disambiguation/templates</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Disambiguation/templates&action=edit" title="Module:Disambiguation/templates">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:EditAtWikidata" title="Module:EditAtWikidata">Module:EditAtWikidata</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:EditAtWikidata&action=edit" title="Module:EditAtWikidata">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Exponential_search" title="Module:Exponential search">Module:Exponential search</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Exponential_search&action=edit" title="Module:Exponential search">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:For" title="Module:For">Module:For</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:For&action=edit" title="Module:For">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Format_link" title="Module:Format link">Module:Format link</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Format_link&action=edit" title="Module:Format link">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Hatnote" title="Module:Hatnote">Module:Hatnote</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Hatnote&action=edit" title="Module:Hatnote">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Hatnote/styles.css" title="Module:Hatnote/styles.css">Module:Hatnote/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Hatnote/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Hatnote/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Hatnote_list" title="Module:Hatnote list">Module:Hatnote list</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Hatnote_list&action=edit" title="Module:Hatnote list">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:If_empty" title="Module:If empty">Module:If empty</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:If_empty&action=edit" title="Module:If empty">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Infobox" title="Module:Infobox">Module:Infobox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Infobox&action=edit" title="Module:Infobox">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Infobox/styles.css" title="Module:Infobox/styles.css">Module:Infobox/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Infobox/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Infobox/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:InfoboxImage" title="Module:InfoboxImage">Module:InfoboxImage</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:InfoboxImage&action=edit" title="Module:InfoboxImage">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Labelled_list_hatnote" title="Module:Labelled list hatnote">Module:Labelled list hatnote</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Labelled_list_hatnote&action=edit" title="Module:Labelled list hatnote">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Lang" title="Module:Lang">Module:Lang</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Lang&action=edit" title="Module:Lang">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Lang/ISO_639_synonyms" title="Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms">Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Lang/ISO_639_synonyms&action=edit" title="Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Lang/configuration" title="Module:Lang/configuration">Module:Lang/configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Lang/configuration&action=edit" title="Module:Lang/configuration">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Lang/data" title="Module:Lang/data">Module:Lang/data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Lang/data&action=edit" title="Module:Lang/data">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Lang/data/iana_languages" title="Module:Lang/data/iana languages">Module:Lang/data/iana languages</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Lang/data/iana_languages&action=edit" title="Module:Lang/data/iana languages">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Lang/data/iana_regions" title="Module:Lang/data/iana regions">Module:Lang/data/iana regions</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Lang/data/iana_regions&action=edit" title="Module:Lang/data/iana regions">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Lang/data/iana_scripts" title="Module:Lang/data/iana scripts">Module:Lang/data/iana scripts</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Lang/data/iana_scripts&action=edit" title="Module:Lang/data/iana scripts">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Lang/data/iana_suppressed_scripts" title="Module:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts">Module:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Lang/data/iana_suppressed_scripts&action=edit" title="Module:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Lang/data/iana_variants" title="Module:Lang/data/iana variants">Module:Lang/data/iana variants</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Lang/data/iana_variants&action=edit" title="Module:Lang/data/iana variants">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Math" title="Module:Math">Module:Math</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Math&action=edit" title="Module:Math">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Namespace_detect/config" title="Module:Namespace detect/config">Module:Namespace detect/config</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Namespace_detect/config&action=edit" title="Module:Namespace detect/config">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Namespace_detect/data" title="Module:Namespace detect/data">Module:Namespace detect/data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Namespace_detect/data&action=edit" title="Module:Namespace detect/data">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Native_name" title="Module:Native name">Module:Native name</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Native_name&action=edit" title="Module:Native name">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbar" title="Module:Navbar">Module:Navbar</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbar&action=edit" title="Module:Navbar">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbar/configuration" title="Module:Navbar/configuration">Module:Navbar/configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbar/configuration&action=edit" title="Module:Navbar/configuration">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbar/styles.css" title="Module:Navbar/styles.css">Module:Navbar/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbar/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Navbar/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbox" title="Module:Navbox">Module:Navbox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbox&action=edit" title="Module:Navbox">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbox/configuration" title="Module:Navbox/configuration">Module:Navbox/configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbox/configuration&action=edit" title="Module:Navbox/configuration">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbox/styles.css" title="Module:Navbox/styles.css">Module:Navbox/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbox/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Navbox/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups" title="Module:Navbox with collapsible groups">Module:Navbox with collapsible groups</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups&action=edit" title="Module:Navbox with collapsible groups">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups/configuration" title="Module:Navbox with collapsible groups/configuration">Module:Navbox with collapsible groups/configuration</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups/configuration&action=edit" title="Module:Navbox with collapsible groups/configuration">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Official_website" title="Module:Official website">Module:Official website</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Official_website&action=edit" title="Module:Official website">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype" title="Module:Pagetype">Module:Pagetype</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype&action=edit" title="Module:Pagetype">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype/config" title="Module:Pagetype/config">Module:Pagetype/config</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/config&action=edit" title="Module:Pagetype/config">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype/disambiguation" class="mw-redirect" title="Module:Pagetype/disambiguation">Module:Pagetype/disambiguation</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/disambiguation&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Module:Pagetype/disambiguation">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype/rfd" title="Module:Pagetype/rfd">Module:Pagetype/rfd</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/rfd&action=edit" title="Module:Pagetype/rfd">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype/setindex" title="Module:Pagetype/setindex">Module:Pagetype/setindex</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/setindex&action=edit" title="Module:Pagetype/setindex">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Pagetype/softredirect" title="Module:Pagetype/softredirect">Module:Pagetype/softredirect</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Pagetype/softredirect&action=edit" title="Module:Pagetype/softredirect">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Portal" title="Module:Portal">Module:Portal</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Portal&action=edit" title="Module:Portal">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Portal/images/o" title="Module:Portal/images/o">Module:Portal/images/o</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Portal/images/o&action=edit" title="Module:Portal/images/o">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Portal/styles.css" title="Module:Portal/styles.css">Module:Portal/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Portal/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Portal/styles.css">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:SDcat" title="Module:SDcat">Module:SDcat</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:SDcat&action=edit" title="Module:SDcat">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Separated_entries" title="Module:Separated entries">Module:Separated entries</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Separated_entries&action=edit" title="Module:Separated entries">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Side_box" title="Module:Side box">Module:Side box</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Side_box&action=edit" title="Module:Side box">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Side_box/styles.css" title="Module:Side box/styles.css">Module:Side box/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Side_box/styles.css&action=edit" title="Module:Side box/styles.css">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:String" title="Module:String">Module:String</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:String&action=edit" title="Module:String">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:TableTools" title="Module:TableTools">Module:TableTools</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:TableTools&action=edit" title="Module:TableTools">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:URL" title="Module:URL">Module:URL</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:URL&action=edit" title="Module:URL">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Unicode_data" title="Module:Unicode data">Module:Unicode data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Unicode_data&action=edit" title="Module:Unicode data">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Unicode_data/scripts" title="Module:Unicode data/scripts">Module:Unicode data/scripts</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Unicode_data/scripts&action=edit" title="Module:Unicode data/scripts">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Unsubst" title="Module:Unsubst">Module:Unsubst</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Unsubst&action=edit" title="Module:Unsubst">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:WikidataIB" title="Module:WikidataIB">Module:WikidataIB</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:WikidataIB&action=edit" title="Module:WikidataIB">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:WikidataIB/nolinks" title="Module:WikidataIB/nolinks">Module:WikidataIB/nolinks</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:WikidataIB/nolinks&action=edit" title="Module:WikidataIB/nolinks">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:WikidataIB/titleformats" title="Module:WikidataIB/titleformats">Module:WikidataIB/titleformats</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:WikidataIB/titleformats&action=edit" title="Module:WikidataIB/titleformats">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Wikitext_Parsing" title="Module:Wikitext Parsing">Module:Wikitext Parsing</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Wikitext_Parsing&action=edit" title="Module:Wikitext Parsing">view source</a>) (protected)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Yesno" title="Module:Yesno">Module:Yesno</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Module:Yesno&action=edit" title="Module:Yesno">view source</a>) (protected)</li></ul></div><p id="mw-returnto">Return to <a href="/wiki/University_of_Windsor" title="University of Windsor">University of Windsor</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Windsor">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Windsor</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Windsor&action=edit&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-ldkm2","wgBackendResponseTime":462,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.073","walltime":"0.092","ppvisitednodes":{"value":418,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":17740,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6556,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":469,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 61.947 1 -total"," 99.73% 61.781 2 Template:Blocked_text"," 41.68% 25.818 1 Template:Colocationwebhost"," 38.39% 23.784 2 Template:Replace"," 38.38% 23.773 1 Template:Hidden"," 17.71% 10.972 1 Template:Hidden_begin"," 14.84% 9.193 1 Template:Tlx"," 2.17% 1.343 1 Template:Hidden_end"," 2.15% 1.332 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake"," 1.77% 1.099 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake-email-steward"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.013","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1043332,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-ldkm2","timestamp":"20241201061048","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>