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class="mw-page-title-main">Positive Black Soul</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Senegalese hip hop group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de; font-size: 125%;"><div class="fn org">Positive Black Soul</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:PositiveBlackSoul.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Positive Black Soul performing in Vienna, Austria (2003)"><img alt="Positive Black Soul performing in Vienna, Austria (2003)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/PositiveBlackSoul.jpg/220px-PositiveBlackSoul.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/PositiveBlackSoul.jpg/330px-PositiveBlackSoul.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/PositiveBlackSoul.jpg/440px-PositiveBlackSoul.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="659" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Positive Black Soul performing in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> (2003)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de">Background information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Also known as</span></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">PBS</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dakar" title="Dakar">Dakar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/African_hip_hop#Senegal" title="African hip hop">Senegalese hip hop</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Years active</span></th><td class="infobox-data">1989–present</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Members</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Didier_Awadi" title="Didier Awadi">Didier Awadi</a> (DJ Awadi)<br />Amadou Barry (Doug E. Tee or Duggy-Tee)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Positive Black Soul</b> (also known as <b>PBS</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" title="Hip hop music">hip hop</a> group based in <a href="/wiki/Dakar" title="Dakar">Dakar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>, one of the first such collectives in the country. Founded in 1989, the group is composed of <a href="/wiki/Didier_Awadi" title="Didier Awadi">Didier Sourou Awadi</a> (alias DJ Awadi) and Amadou Barry (alias Doug E. Tee or Duggy-Tee), both of whom had previously been in other hip hop groups.<sup id="cite_ref-amg_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They perform in the English, French, and <a href="/wiki/Wolof_language" title="Wolof language">Wolof</a> languages and use traditional Senegalese instruments as part of their songs.<sup id="cite_ref-amg_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Political and social <a href="/wiki/Activism" title="Activism">activism</a> have played important roles in the group since it was founded. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Positive_Black_Soul&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The two members of Positive Black Soul were born in the city of Dakar, Senegal. As teenagers, Awadi and Barry were involved in the Dakar hip hop scene—Awadi leading his own group, Didier Awadi's Syndicate, a <a href="/wiki/Breakdance" class="mw-redirect" title="Breakdance">breakdancer</a><sup id="cite_ref-guardian_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as a rapper; and Barry performing with the King MCs.<sup id="cite_ref-rfi_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally Awadi and Barry were rivals, competing with each other in performances and coming from separate neighborhoods of Dakar. During a birthday party held by Awadi to which Barry was invited, however, the two performed together and realized their similarities, founding Positive Black Soul very soon after.<sup id="cite_ref-rfi_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Activism and politics are central parts of the group's philosophy—its shortened name (PBS) was a play on the <a href="/wiki/Senegalese_Democratic_Party" title="Senegalese Democratic Party">Parti Démocratique Sénégalais</a> initialism "PDS".<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1992, the group performed at a <a href="/wiki/Music_festival" title="Music festival">music festival</a> held by the Dakar French Cultural Center, where the French rapper <a href="/wiki/MC_Solaar" title="MC Solaar">MC Solaar</a> heard their performance and invited the group to open for him when he debuted in Dakar in October of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-amg_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rfi_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rapper was impressed with Positive Black Soul, inviting them to continue performing with him in France.<sup id="cite_ref-amg_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two years later the group put out its first release, a <a href="/wiki/Compact_Cassette" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact Cassette">cassette</a> entitled <i>Boul Falé</i>. The album was followed by more touring in France, as well as in England and <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-amg_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, the Senegalese musician <a href="/wiki/Baaba_Maal" title="Baaba Maal">Baaba Maal</a> offered PBS the opportunity to be on his album <i><a href="/wiki/Firin%27_in_Fouta" title="Firin' in Fouta">Firin' in Fouta</a></i>. Maal was signed to <a href="/wiki/Mango_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Mango Records">Mango Records</a> and because of this recording with him, Positive Black Soul were signed as well. They released their album debut <i>Salaam</i> on Mango Records.<sup id="cite_ref-rfi_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After achieving success in Senegal and some abroad, the group continued touring, including 130 performances in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-amg_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also began organizing concerts in Dakar and promoting new groups including <a href="/wiki/Daara_J" title="Daara J">Daara J</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pee_Froiss" title="Pee Froiss">Pee Froiss</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Positive Black Soul's first international release, <i>New York Paris-Dakar</i>, had been previously released as a cassette in Senegal. However it was only in 1997, six years after its initial appearance, that it was sold outside of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-rfi2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The American rapper <a href="/wiki/KRS-One" title="KRS-One">KRS-One</a>, one of the group's collaborators on the album, shared a similar philosophy and interest in <a href="/wiki/Pan-Africanism" title="Pan-Africanism">Pan-Africanism</a> with Awadi and Barry.<sup id="cite_ref-rfi2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfi2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, the group appeared on the <a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_Organization" title="Red Hot Organization">Red Hot Organization</a>'s tribute album to <a href="/wiki/Fela_Kuti" title="Fela Kuti">Fela Kuti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_and_Riot" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Hot and Riot">Red Hot and Riot</a>. They contributed to a track titled "No Agreement" alongside <a href="/wiki/Res_(singer)" title="Res (singer)">Res</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tony_Allen_(musician)" title="Tony Allen (musician)">Tony Allen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Lema" title="Ray Lema">Ray Lema</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baaba_Maal" title="Baaba Maal">Baaba Maal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Archie_Shepp" title="Archie Shepp">Archie Shepp</a>. </p><p>Since about 2002, the group's members have been pursuing solo projects. On August 14, 2009, PBS performed in Dakar for their 20th anniversary effectively ending speculations about whether they have disbanded. Guests at the concert included powerful Senegal music stars such as Youssou Ndour and Ismael Lo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activism">Activism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Positive_Black_Soul&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Positive Black Soul has promoted political activity and activism in other areas. The group urged Senegalese people to participate in the country's government and vote in elections.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PBS also decries images of Africa in the media, which they view as one-sided.<sup id="cite_ref-mirror_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mirror-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They state: "We want to show the positivity in the black soul. That's our fight. Africa is not only a land of suffering, misery, war and disease. We're proud to live there and we are not suffering."<sup id="cite_ref-mirror_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mirror-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They view their chosen medium of rap as an accessible way to talk about issues such as corruption and politics. <a href="/wiki/AIDS" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDS">AIDS</a> has also been featured in their music: one song, "Écoute Fils" ("Listen Son"), is written about the disease and cautions listeners about its dangers.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Positive_Black_Soul&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Discography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Boul Falé</i> (1994)</li> <li><i>Salaam</i> (1995)</li> <li><i>Daw Thiow</i> (1996)</li> <li><i>Wakh Feign</i> (1996)</li> <li><i>New York-Paris-Dakar</i> (1997)</li> <li><i>Revolution</i> (2000)</li> <li><i>Run Cool</i> (2001)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Positive_Black_Soul&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-amg-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-amg_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-amg_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-amg_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-amg_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a 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.cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHarris" class="citation web cs1">Harris, Craig. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/p182653/biography">"Biography"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Allmusic" class="mw-redirect" title="Allmusic">Allmusic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754346#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121855874">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/151475310">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2004036860">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/3527dbee-3b6f-4998-b4dd-4c9c367f8da1">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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