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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Siste endringer</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-prosjekt" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-prosjekt" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Prosjekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Prosjektportal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal"><span>Prosjektportal</span></a></li><li id="n-bidra" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bidra_til_Wikipedia"><span>Hvordan bidra?</span></a></li><li id="n-tinget" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tinget"><span>Tinget</span></a></li><li id="n-torget" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Torget"><span>Torget</span></a></li><li id="n-konkurranser" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Konkurranser"><span>Konkurranser</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb" class=""><span>Doner</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Legalisme" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk" class=""><span>Opprett konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Legalisme" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logg inn</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Flere alternativer" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personlig" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personlig</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Brukermeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb"><span>Doner</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Legalisme" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Opprett konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Legalisme" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logg inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettsted"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhold" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Legalismen_som_statsfilosofi_i_Qin-dynastiet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legalismen_som_statsfilosofi_i_Qin-dynastiet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Legalismen som statsfilosofi i Qin-dynastiet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legalismen_som_statsfilosofi_i_Qin-dynastiet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Legalisme</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 50 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalism_(kinesisk_filosofi)" title="Legalism (kinesisk filosofi) – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Legalism (kinesisk filosofi)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9)" title="شرعوية (فلسفة صينية) – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شرعوية (فلسفة صينية)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legizm" title="Legizm – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Legizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6_(%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8)" title="আইনবাদ (চীনা দর্শন) – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আইনবাদ (চীনা দর্শন)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoat-ka" title="Hoat-ka – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hoat-ka" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Легизъм – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Легизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezennouriezh_(prederouriezh_sinaat)" title="Lezennouriezh (prederouriezh sinaat) – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lezennouriezh (prederouriezh sinaat)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escola_de_les_lleis" title="Escola de les lleis – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escola de les lleis" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legismus" title="Legismus – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Legismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalismus" title="Legalismus – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Legalismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legism" title="Legism – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Legism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%B6%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Κινεζικός νομικισμός – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κινεζικός νομικισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalism_(Chinese_philosophy)" title="Legalism (Chinese philosophy) – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Legalism (Chinese philosophy)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalismo_(filosof%C3%ADa_china)" title="Legalismo (filosofía china) – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Legalismo (filosofía china)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C4%9Dismo" title="Leĝismo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Leĝismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_(%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87_%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C)" title="قانون‌گرایی (فلسفه چینی) – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قانون‌گرایی (فلسفه چینی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9gisme" title="Légisme – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Légisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%95%EA%B0%80" title="법가 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="법가" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Լեգիզմ – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեգիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_(%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0)" title="न्यायवाद (चीनी दर्शनशास्त्र) – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="न्यायवाद (चीनी दर्शनशास्त्र)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalisme" title="Legalisme – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Legalisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legismo" title="Legismo – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Legismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Легизм – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Легизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal%C3%AEzm" title="Legalîzm – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Legalîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Легизм – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Легизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalismus_(philosophia_Sinica)" title="Legalismus (philosophia Sinica) – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Legalismus (philosophia Sinica)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legizmus" title="Legizmus – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Legizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87" title="شرعويه – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شرعويه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalisme_(falsafah_Cina)" title="Legalisme (falsafah Cina) – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Legalisme (falsafah Cina)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A5%E1%80%95%E1%80%92%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB%E1%80%92(%E1%80%A1%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A1%E1%80%81%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC)" title="ဥပဒေဝါဒ(အတွေးအခေါ် ပညာ) – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဥပဒေဝါဒ(အတွေးအခေါ် ပညာ)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalisme_(Chinese_filosofie)" title="Legalisme (Chinese filosofie) – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Legalisme (Chinese filosofie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%B6" title="法家 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="法家" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legisme" title="Legisme – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Legisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalizm" title="Legalizm – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Legalizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legizm" title="Legizm – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Legizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalismo_(filosofia_chinesa)" title="Legalismo (filosofia chinesa) – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Legalismo (filosofia chinesa)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Легизм – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Легизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalism" title="Legalism – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Legalism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalizmus" title="Legalizmus – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Legalizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalizem_(kitajska_filozofija)" title="Legalizem (kitajska filozofija) – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Legalizem (kitajska filozofija)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalizam_(filozofija)" title="Legalizam (filozofija) – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Legalizam (filozofija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalismi_(kiinalainen_filosofia)" title="Legalismi (kiinalainen filosofia) – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Legalismi (kiinalainen filosofia)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalismo" title="Legalismo – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Legalismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D)" title="சட்டவியல் (சீன மெய்யியல்) – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சட்டவியல் (சீன மெய்யியல்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalizm_(%C3%87in_felsefesi)" title="Legalizm (Çin felsefesi) – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Legalizm (Çin felsefesi)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0_%D1%86%D0%B7%D1%8F" title="Фа цзя – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фа цзя" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A1p_gia" title="Pháp gia – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pháp gia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%B6" title="法家 – klassisk kinesisk" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="法家" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="klassisk kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%B6" title="法家 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="法家" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%B6" title="法家 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法家" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q238344#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre 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</div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><p><b>Legalismen</b> (<a href="/wiki/Kinesisk" title="Kinesisk">kinesisk</a>: 法家, <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i>Fǎjiā</i>) var et <a href="/wiki/Filosofi" title="Filosofi">filosofisk</a> system som vokste frem på <a href="/wiki/200-tallet_f.Kr." class="mw-redirect" title="200-tallet f.Kr.">200-tallet f.Kr.</a> i antikkens <a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina">Kina</a> mot slutten av <a href="/wiki/Zhou-dynastiet" title="Zhou-dynastiet">Zhou-dynastiets</a> tid. </p><p>Denne filosofiske skoleretning la bak seg den eldre kinesiske filosofis funderinger rundt mennesket, himmelen og naturen, og konsentrerte seg utelukkende om herskerens makt. Forskjellige filosofer gikk inn for at maktutøvelse burde understøttes ved hjelp av rundhåndede belønninger på den ene side og ved strenge avstraffelser på den annen. Man utviklet systemer for statsmannskapets og maktutøvelsens virkemidler. Filosofen <a href="/wiki/Han_Feizi" title="Han Feizi">Han Feizi</a> (død <a href="/wiki/233_f.Kr." title="233 f.Kr.">233 f.Kr.</a>) laget en syntese av de tre fremherskende retninger i legalismen så langt, og ble skoleretningens fremste eksponent. </p><p>Skoleretningen hadde enkelte elementer til felles med andre skoler, som alle menneskers likeverd, og behovet for at navn og aktualitet overensstemmer med hverandre. Men den fant ingen plass for <a href="/wiki/Taoismen" class="mw-redirect" title="Taoismen">taoismens</a> vektlegging av den rette vei – <i><a href="/wiki/Tao" title="Tao">tao</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Konfucianismen" class="mw-redirect" title="Konfucianismen">konfucianismens</a> moralske rettesnor <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jen_(konfucianisme)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jen (konfucianisme) (ikke skrevet ennå)">jen</a></i>, eller <a href="/wiki/Mohismen" title="Mohismen">mohistenes</a> religiøse rettesnor «himmelen». </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legalismen_som_statsfilosofi_i_Qin-dynastiet">Legalismen som statsfilosofi i Qin-dynastiet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legalisme&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Legalismen som statsfilosofi i Qin-dynastiet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legalisme&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Legalismen som statsfilosofi i Qin-dynastiet"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I løpet av 300-tallet f.Kr. ble legalismen nærmest enerådende, og dens filosofi ble gjort gjeldende i det kortlivede <a href="/wiki/Qin-dynastiet" title="Qin-dynastiet">Qin-dynastiet</a> (<a href="/wiki/221_f.Kr." title="221 f.Kr.">221</a>-<a href="/wiki/207_f.Kr." title="207 f.Kr.">207 f.Kr.</a>), da et hensynsløst totalitært regime forente de aller fleste av de kinesiske kongedømmene og holdt dem i et jerngrep med terrorvelde, bokbrenning (<a href="/wiki/213_f.Kr." title="213 f.Kr.">213 f.Kr.</a> ) og andre <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">orwellianske</a> styringsmetoder. </p><p>Men kort tid etter fikk konfucianismen vind i seilene og mindre enn et århundre etter var den blitt den statsbærende filosofi som så godt som fullstendig fortrengte legalismen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legalisme&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legalisme&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Anthony Barbieri-Low (overs.): <i>The Standard Measure of Shang Yang (344 B.C.)</i>, 2006.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.G._Creel" class="mw-redirect" title="H.G. Creel">H.G. Creel</a>: <i>The Totalitarianism of the Legalists. Chinese Thought from Confucius to Mao Tsê-tung</i>, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1953.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J.J.L._Duyvendak" class="mw-redirect" title="J.J.L. Duyvendak">J.J.L. Duyvendak</a> (overs.): <i>The Book of Lord Shang: A Classic of the Chinese School of Law</i>, London: Probsthain, 1928.</li> <li>A.C. Graham: <i>Disputers of the TAO: Philosophical Argument in Ancient China</i> (Open Court 1993). <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0812690877" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8126-9087-7</a></li> <li>Shen Pu-hai: “Appendix C: The Shen Pu-hai Fragments.” Shen Pu-hai: <i>A Chinese Political Philosopher of the Fourth Century B.C</i>. Translated by Herrlee G. Creel. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1974.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sima_Qian" title="Sima Qian">Sima Qian</a>: <i>Records of the Grand Historian, Qin Dynasty</i>. Translated by Burton Watson. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.</li> <li>Benjamin I. Schwartz: <i>The World of Thought in Ancient China</i>. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1985.</li> <li>Burton Watson (overs.): <i>Han Fei Tzu: Basic Writings</i>. New York: Columbia University Press, 1964.</li> <li>Xinzhong Yao: <i>Introduction to Confucianism</i>, 2000. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9780521643122" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780521643122</a></li> <li>Pittman Potter: <i>From Leninist Discipline to Socialist Legalism: Peng Zhen on Law and Political Authority in the PRC2</i>, 2003. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9780804745000" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780804745000</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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