The RIBA Collections

<!doctype html> <html lang="en" class="no-js"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.architecture.com/about/riba-library-and-collections","20201021050648","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1603256808"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />   <script> (function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({ 'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-P8PQJ2'); </script>  <title>The RIBA Collections</title> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="description" content="We care for one of the largest and most diverse architectural collections in the world."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/favicon.ico"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x120" href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20201021050648cs_/https://www.architecture.com/css/default/index.css"> <script src="/web/20201021050648js_/https://www.architecture.com/js/vendor.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648js_/https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://localhost/about/riba-library-and-collections"> </head> <body> <div class="info-bar js-hide-bar" data-js-cookie="hide-beta-bar" data-js-cookie-hide-class="js-hide-bar" data-js-cookie-expire="3600"> <div class="info-bar__large-content-container"> <div class="info-bar__content"> <span class="info-bar__beta-label"> IMPORTANT INFORMATION </span> <span>Read the RIBA’s <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page/coronavirus-covid-19-advice">latest COVID-19 advice and information.</a> | Website <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/terms-of-use">terms of use</a> and <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/cookie-statement">cookie statement.</a></span> </div> <div class="info-bar__close"> <a href="#" class="info-bar__close-icon" data-js-cookie-set=""> close </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="top-nav__container"> <div class="large-content-container"> <nav class="top-nav" data-js-has-toggle=""> <div class="top-nav__content js-toggle-hidden" data-js-toggle-element=""> <ul class="top-nav--logged-in__items"> <li class="top-nav--logged-in-first-level-item" data-js-has-toggle="2a"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/login?returnUrl=https://my-account.architecture.com/" class="top-nav--first-level-item__title-link"> <i class="material-icons"> account_circle </i> <span class="top-nav--first-level-item__title">Login</span> </a> </li> </ul> <div class="top-nav__cta top-nav__cta--primary"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/join-riba" class="top-nav--first-level-item__title-link" title="Use our online application form to join the RIBA"> <i class="material-icons"> card_membership </i> <span class="top-nav--first-level-item__title">Join the RIBA</span> </a> </div> <ul class="top-nav--logged-in__items"> <li class="top-nav--logged-in-first-level-item" data-js-has-toggle="2a"> <a href="#" class="top-nav--first-level-item__title-link"> <i class="material-icons"> language </i> <span class="top-nav--logged-in-first-level-item__title-account">Select your region</span> <div class="top-nav-first-level-item__toggle-control" data-js-toggle-control="2a"> <span data-js-toggle-element="2a">arrow_drop_down</span> <span data-js-toggle-element="2a" class="js-toggle-hidden">arrow_drop_up</span> </div> </a> <ul data-js-toggle-element="2a" class="js-toggle-hidden top-nav--logged-in-first-level-item__items top-nav--logged-in-first-level-item__items-lang"> <li class="top-nav--logged-in-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-international/riba-americas-region" class="top-nav--logged-in-second-level-item__link">Americas</a> </li> <li class="top-nav--logged-in-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-international/riba-asia-and-australasia-region" class="top-nav--logged-in-second-level-item__link">Asia and Australasia</a> </li> <li class="top-nav--logged-in-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-international/riba-europe-region" class="top-nav--logged-in-second-level-item__link">Europe</a> </li> <li class="top-nav--logged-in-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-international/riba-middle-east-and-africa-region" class="top-nav--logged-in-second-level-item__link">Middle East and Africa</a> </li> <li class="top-nav--logged-in-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba" class="top-nav--logged-in-second-level-item__link">UK</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>; </div> </nav> </div> </div>  <noscript> <iframe src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648if_/https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=" + gtm-p8pqj2 height="0" width="0" style="display: none; visibility: hidden"></iframe> </noscript>  <header class="header"> <div class="large-content-container"> <div class="header__logo-container "> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/" class="logo logo--header" title="RIBA"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/Svg/riba-logo.svg" alt="riba"/> </a> </div> <div class="header__primary-nav-container"> <nav class="primary-nav" data-js-has-toggle> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/search"> <span class="material-icons search-icon primary-nav__icon primary-nav__icon--search">search</span> </a> <span class="material-icons menu-icon primary-nav__icon primary-nav__icon--menu" data-js-toggle-element data-js-toggle-control>menu</span> <span class="material-icons close-icon primary-nav__icon primary-nav__icon--close js-toggle-hidden" data-js-toggle-control data-js-toggle-element>close</span> <div class="primary-nav__content js-toggle-hidden " data-js-toggle-element> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/search" class="primary-nav__icon--search primary-nav__icon--search-lg"> <span class="material-icons search-icon ">search</span> </a> <ul class="primary-nav__items"> <li class="primary-nav-first-level-item" data-js-has-toggle="1"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/explore-architecture" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__title-link" data-js-has-toggle="1">Explore architecture</a> <div class="primary-nav-first-level-item__toggle-control" data-js-toggle-control="1"> <span data-js-toggle-element="1">arrow_drop_down</span> <span data-js-toggle-element="1" class="js-toggle-hidden">arrow_drop_up</span> </div> <ul data-js-toggle-element="1" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__items js-toggle-hidden"> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/riba-library" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="The RIBA Library">Visit the RIBA Library</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/riba-library-and-collections" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA Collections">RIBA Collections</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/support-us" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Support our work">Support our work</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/visit-66-portland-place" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="66 Portland Place">66 Portland Place</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Contact us">Contact us</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/riba-north" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA North">RIBA North</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav-first-level-item" data-js-has-toggle="2"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/working-with-an-architect" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__title-link" data-js-has-toggle="2" title="Working with an architect">Working with an architect</a> <div class="primary-nav-first-level-item__toggle-control" data-js-toggle-control="2"> <span data-js-toggle-element="2">arrow_drop_down</span> <span data-js-toggle-element="2" class="js-toggle-hidden">arrow_drop_up</span> </div> <ul data-js-toggle-element="2" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__items js-toggle-hidden"> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/find-an-architect/" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Find an Architect</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/working-with-an-architect/why-use-an-architect" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Why use an architect?</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/working-with-an-architect/referral-service" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Referrals service</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/working-with-an-architect/client-adviser" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA Client Advisers">RIBA Client Advisers</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/working-with-an-architect/conservation-register" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Conservation Register</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/working-with-an-architect/places-matter" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Places Matter - independent Design Review">Places Matter</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav-first-level-item" data-js-has-toggle="3"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/whats-on" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__title-link" data-js-has-toggle="3">What's on</a> <div class="primary-nav-first-level-item__toggle-control" data-js-toggle-control="3"> <span data-js-toggle-element="3">arrow_drop_down</span> <span data-js-toggle-element="3" class="js-toggle-hidden">arrow_drop_up</span> </div> <ul data-js-toggle-element="3" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__items js-toggle-hidden"> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/whats-on?singleSelection=true&Category=Cultural" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Cultural events">Cultural</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/whats-on?singleSelection=true&Category=Friends" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Friends events">Friends</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/whats-on?singleSelection=true&Category=CPD" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="CPD events">CPD</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/whats-on?singleSelection=true&Category=Families" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Events for families and young people">Families and young people</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/whats-on?singleSelection=true&Category=Professional" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Professional events">Professional</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav-first-level-item" data-js-has-toggle="4"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__title-link" data-js-has-toggle="4">Awards and Competitions</a> <div class="primary-nav-first-level-item__toggle-control" data-js-toggle-control="4"> <span data-js-toggle-element="4">arrow_drop_down</span> <span data-js-toggle-element="4" class="js-toggle-hidden">arrow_drop_up</span> </div> <ul data-js-toggle-element="4" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__items js-toggle-hidden"> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/awards" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Awards</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/awards/riba-regional-awards" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">RIBA Regional Awards</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/awards/riba-national-awards" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA National Awards">RIBA National Awards</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/awards/riba-house-of-the-year" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA House of the Year">RIBA House of the Year</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/awards/riba-stirling-prize" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">RIBA Stirling Prize</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/awards/riba-international-awards" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA International Awards">RIBA International Awards</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/awards/royal-gold-medal" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Royal Gold Medal">Royal Gold Medal</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/awards/riba-presidents-awards-for-research" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Awards for Research</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/competitions-landing-page" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">RIBA Competitions</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/competitions-landing-page/why-hold-an-riba-competition" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Holding a competition</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/awards-and-competitions-landing-page/competitions-landing-page/why-enter-an-riba-competition" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Entering a competition</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav-first-level-item" data-js-has-toggle="5"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__title-link" data-js-has-toggle="5">Education, CPD and careers</a> <div class="primary-nav-first-level-item__toggle-control" data-js-toggle-control="5"> <span data-js-toggle-element="5">arrow_drop_down</span> <span data-js-toggle-element="5" class="js-toggle-hidden">arrow_drop_up</span> </div> <ul data-js-toggle-element="5" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__items js-toggle-hidden"> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/join-riba" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Membership</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/membership-and-accreditation" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Accreditation</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/how-to-become-an-architect" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Become an architect</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/riba-validation" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">RIBA validated courses</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/studying-architecture/advice-on-funding-your-architectural-studies" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Funding your education</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/studying-architecture/student-mentoring" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Student mentoring</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/studying-architecture/riba-part-3" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">RIBA Part 3</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/studying-architecture/riba-studio" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Formerly the RIBA office-based exam">RIBA Studio</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/cpd" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="CPD">CPD</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/learning" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Learning programme</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav-first-level-item" data-js-has-toggle="6"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__title-link" data-js-has-toggle="6">Knowledge and Resources</a> <div class="primary-nav-first-level-item__toggle-control" data-js-toggle-control="6"> <span data-js-toggle-element="6">arrow_drop_down</span> <span data-js-toggle-element="6" class="js-toggle-hidden">arrow_drop_up</span> </div> <ul data-js-toggle-element="6" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__items js-toggle-hidden"> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Knowledge</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/policy/climate-action" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Climate action">Climate action</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/campaign/grenfell-tower" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA fire safety information">RIBA fire safety information</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page?singleSelection=true&Format=Professional%20feature" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Professional features">Professional features</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/resources-landing-page" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Resources</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/resources-landing-page/riba-plan-of-work" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Plan of Work</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/resources-landing-page?singleSelection=true&Subject=Research" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Research">Research</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/resources-landing-page/chartered-practice-toolbox" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title">Chartered Practice toolbox</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="primary-nav-first-level-item" data-js-has-toggle="7"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/products-and-services" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__title-link" data-js-has-toggle="7" title="Shop and buy images, books, contracts, business services and venue hire">Products and services</a> <div class="primary-nav-first-level-item__toggle-control" data-js-toggle-control="7"> <span data-js-toggle-element="7">arrow_drop_down</span> <span data-js-toggle-element="7" class="js-toggle-hidden">arrow_drop_up</span> </div> <ul data-js-toggle-element="7" class="primary-nav-first-level-item__items js-toggle-hidden"> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.ribaj.com/" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Activate your online account or buy a subscription to the RIBAJ">RIBA Journal</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-books" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA Books homepage">RIBA Books</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-contracts" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA Contracts">RIBA Contracts</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/image-library/home.html" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Buy images from RIBApix.com">Architectural Images</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-business" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA Business">RIBA Business</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://jobs.architecture.com/" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA Jobs">RIBA Jobs</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-venue-hire" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="Venue hire">Venue hire</a> </li> <li class="primary-nav-second-level-item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/education-cpd-and-careers/cpd/riba-cpd-programme" class="primary-nav-second-level-item__title" title="RIBA CPD Programme">RIBA CPD Programme</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </header> <div class="breadcrumbs"> <div class="large-content-container"> <ul class="breadcrumbs__list"> <li class="breadcrumbs__item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/" title="Home" class="breadcrumbs__link">RIBA</a> <span class="material-icons keyboard_arrow_right-icon breadcrumbs__divider">keyboard_arrow_right</span> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs__item"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about" title="Home" class="breadcrumbs__link">About the RIBA</a> <span class="material-icons keyboard_arrow_right-icon breadcrumbs__divider">keyboard_arrow_right</span> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs__item"> RIBA Collections </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="large-content-container"> <h1>The RIBA Collections </h1> </div> <div id="" class="sub-nav__anchor"></div> <div class="hero-banner" style="background-image: url('/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/ACB8594552594A12B98E99C803C528D0.jpg')"> <div class="content-container"> <div class="hero-banner__content-container"> <div class="hero-banner__content"> <img class="hero-banner__image" src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/E85AD0D6CB3643B4B0EF41BBC9BC0901.jpg" alt="Design for alterations to the garden front of Witley Court"> <h2 class="hero-banner__title"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/http://riba.sirsidynix.net.uk/" class="hero-banner__title-link"> The British Architectural Library </a> </h2> <p class="hero-banner__text"> Search and locate catalogued material across our collections </p> <div class="hero-banner__button-container"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/http://riba.sirsidynix.net.uk/" class="button button--opaque hero-banner__button" target="_blank" title="Search the catalogue">Search the catalogue</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cta-band cta-band--default"> <div class="content-container"> <h2 class="cta-band__title">Urgent update about COVID-19</h2> <p class="cta-band__introduction"> <p>Due to the government advice to limit social contact at this time, our public buildings at 66 Portland Place and RIBA North, and our study rooms and Architecture Gallery at the V&A; are currently closed. You can see some of the RIBA Collections in <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/image-library/">our online image library.</a></p> </p> <div class="cta-band__buttons"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page/coronavirus-covid-19-advice" class="button cta-band__button" title="Read more covid-19 information">Read more covid-19 information</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="heading-two"> <h2 class="heading-two__heading"></h2> </div> <div class="narrow-content-container"> <article class="rich-text"> <div class="content-container"> <p>We care for one of the largest and most diverse architectural collections in the world, known as the British Architectural Library. Over four million items together represent a unique body of knowledge that is rich and global in scope. Open and free to everyone, the RIBA Collections can be consulted through two main sites.</p> <p>Our items have been collected and catalogued over almost two centuries, with some items dating back to the 15th century. Some materials and descriptions contain outdated and offensive language or need further contextualising. We are working to address this and to ensure that our collections and descriptions are appropriate to our audiences today. For queries and comments about the RIBA Collections, please contact <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/mailto:info@riba.org">info@riba.org</a>.</p> <p> </p> </div> </article> </div> <div class="cta-band cta-band--default"> <div class="content-container"> <h2 class="cta-band__title">Your guide to the RIBA Collections</h2> <p class="cta-band__introduction"> <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333;">Download our introduction to RIBA鈥檚 holdings of over 4 million objects.</span> </p> <div class="cta-band__buttons"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/files/RIBA-Library/RIBA-Collections-2019-guide.pdf" class="button cta-band__button" title="Your guide to the RIBA Collections">Download the guide</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="promoted-links"> <div class="promoted-link-container"> <div class="promoted-link"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/dac-study-room"><img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/2E063682D179460C9807082C4916428C.jpg?h=613&w=956&la=en&hash=D79EE8F85D94A658206976998FE69E119DBD3257" class="promoted-link__image" alt="Architectural frieze drawing"/></a> <div class="promoted-link__content promoted-link__content--taupe"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/dac-study-room"> <h3 class="promoted-link__title">Looking for drawings or archives?</h3> </a> <p class="promoted-link__synopsis">Drawings, archives, manuscripts, objects, artefacts and architectural models are accessed through the RIBA Architecture Study Rooms at the V&A.; </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="promoted-link-container"> <div class="promoted-link"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/riba-library"><img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/CC6EB63919324AF284ED8C9B1C9DF822.jpg?h=613&w=956&la=en&hash=F07B537277131A32FA776627C075FCB93A9C89AA" class="promoted-link__image" alt="Photo of reading room at 66 Portland Place"/></a> <div class="promoted-link__content promoted-link__content--orange"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/riba-library"> <h3 class="promoted-link__title">Looking for books, periodicals or photographs?</h3> </a> <p class="promoted-link__synopsis">Books, periodicals, photographs, audio-visual material and biographical files are accessed through the RIBA Library Reading Room at 66 Portland Place. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cta-band cta-band--default"> <div class="content-container"> <h2 class="cta-band__title">Start your search</h2> <p class="cta-band__introduction"> <span>Search and locate catalogued material across our collections through the online catalogue.<br> </span> </p> <div class="cta-band__buttons"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/http://riba.sirsidynix.net.uk/" class="button button--opaque cta-band__button">Search the catalogue</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card-board card-board--with-text card-board--light card-board--featured-content"> <div class="content-container "> <h2 class="card-board__title">Find out more</h2> <div class="card-board__text"> </div> <div class="card-board__cards"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page/the-wilson-project" class="featured-content-card"><img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/59F3CAC979FA4A04B12F58AACBCF6474.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=0A1E3E3B9F033709624AED140DC9EE8291082D28" class="featured-content-card__image" alt="Vertical city presentation board"/> <div class="featured-content-card__content"> <h2 class="featured-content-card__title">Cataloguing the Wilson Archive</h2> <p class="featured-content-card__synopsis">Our curators are appraising and cataloguing this extensive archive to create a significant research and educational resource. The project shines a new light on the practice of Colin St John Wilson and Partners and the building of the British Library. </p> </div> </a><a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/explore-architecture/inside-the-riba-collections" class="featured-content-card" title="Inside the RIBA Collections"><img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/GatherContent/RIBA-Academy/Abstract-Image/Voysey-drawer-opening-abstract.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=04C12278467F37C0006A6B738FED6D2EBD5FFC2F" class="featured-content-card__image" alt="Voysey drawer opening at the Piper Centre"/> <div class="featured-content-card__content"> <h2 class="featured-content-card__title">Inside the RIBA Collections</h2> <p class="featured-content-card__synopsis">Explore some of the most famous buildings represented in our collections as well as little-known or uncatalogued gems.</p> </div> </a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/image-library/" class="featured-content-card"><img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/4E9A1C6DB02042CABBFCE552888AF779.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=FB60C76E520438B1350DB9CE7349ADFFB2725C88" class="featured-content-card__image" alt="Drawing of the Imperial Hotel, Tokyo, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright"/> <div class="featured-content-card__content"> <h2 class="featured-content-card__title">Discover over 100,000 images online</h2> <p class="featured-content-card__synopsis">A growing selection of Collections images are available to download, purchase and licence through our online image library, RIBApix.</p> </div> </a><a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page/curator-takeover" class="featured-content-card"><img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/95EE55B56BC54769BEB474E7FA4F23DE.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=E9B6972905C873657CD218A9D1354D04285D6DB9" class="featured-content-card__image" alt="Design for a wallpaper showing birds in flight"/> <div class="featured-content-card__content"> <h2 class="featured-content-card__title">Curator Takeovers on social media</h2> <p class="featured-content-card__synopsis">Follow our regular series of social media curator takeovers for the latest stories about our collections. Join the conversation, ask us questions, get involved. </p> </div> </a><a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/explore-architecture/inside-the-riba-collections/collections-on-loan" class="featured-content-card" title="See where in the world items from our collections are on display"><img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/GatherContent/RIBA-Academy/Abstract-Image/RIBA21235jpg.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=C0F3586190F7B744C8BE1F30C5C3E648A8944F89" class="featured-content-card__image" alt=""/> <div class="featured-content-card__content"> <h2 class="featured-content-card__title">RIBA Collections on tour</h2> <p class="featured-content-card__synopsis">As well as featuring in our regular free exhibitions at Portland Place and the V&A;, the RIBA Collections are frequently loaned around the world, for major exhibitions at some of the best known museums. Here's where you can find them right now. </p> </div> </a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.sahgb.org.uk/news-and-features/archtectures-archves-a-virtual-symposiumnbsp" class="featured-content-card" target="_blank" title="Society of Architectural Historians symposium"><img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/45ED8E2B106B469083527D667F95BED7.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=E8EB27008AD3D4F12EBE46E46501FD975B386A6A" class="featured-content-card__image" alt=""/> <div class="featured-content-card__content"> <h2 class="featured-content-card__title">Exploring architectural archives</h2> <p class="featured-content-card__synopsis">We鈥檝e partnered with the Society of Architectural Historians and the Architectural Association for a symposium on architectural archives.</p> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="membership-benefit-card-board"> <div class="content-container"> <h2 class="membership-benefit-card-board__title">Our collections</h2> <p class="membership-benefit-card-board__intro"></p> <div class="membership-benefit-card-board__cards"> <div class="membership-benefit-card"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/DCFA0FA99A2D4A31A6DD07878FE03BD5.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=C645F934B204E347D42FE98033AEC8B57C0B8D43" class="membership-benefit-card__image" alt="Composition of Inigo Jones buildings"/> <div class="membership-benefit-card__content"> <h2 class="membership-benefit-card__title">Drawings</h2> <article class="rich-text membership-benefit-card__rich-text"> <div class="content-container"> <p><strong>The RIBA Drawings Collection includes almost one million architectural drawings, from sketches and preliminary designs to presentation and technical drawings.</strong></p> <p>The collection is particularly strong in British architecture, with all significant architects from the Renaissance to the present day represented in some form. Major groups include the work of Inigo Jones, Sir Christopher Wren, and several generations of the Wyatt, Pugin, Scott, and Waterhouse families. More recent collections include the surviving drawings of Edwin Lutyens, Ern枚 Goldfinger, and Denys Lasdun.</p> <p> <span style="background-color: #f8f8f8; color: #333f48;"><strong>The Drawings Collections can be accessed through the聽</strong></span><strong><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/dac-study-room" style="color: #407ec9; background-color: #f8f8f8;">RIBA Architecture Study Room</a><span style="background-color: #f8f8f8; color: #333f48;">聽at the V&A;, with some material stored offsite.聽Please <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/mailto:drawings@riba.org">book an appointment</a> to see material from this collection.聽</span></strong></p> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="membership-benefit-card"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/6D08B16F7E2D4915B498F4C1B2ADAD1C.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=28765C9F3592E247E3628ABDBAD225D208A0AE0F" class="membership-benefit-card__image" alt="The Livre under construction"/> <div class="membership-benefit-card__content"> <h2 class="membership-benefit-card__title">Photographs</h2> <article class="rich-text membership-benefit-card__rich-text"> <div class="content-container"> <p><strong>The Robert Elwall Photographs Collection comprises around 1.5 million images from the earliest days of photography to the present day.<br> </strong> <br> The collection includes the photographic archives of individual architects or practices, travel and topographic images from across the world, press photographs from major architectural journals, and large bodies of work by some of the best known architectural photographers of the 20th century. All types of photographic media are covered, including prints, negatives, slides, transparencies, photographically illustrated books and digital files.</p> <p> <strong>The photographs collection can be accessed through the <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/riba-library">RIBA Library Reading Room</a>聽at 66 Portland Place. Please <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/mailto:photo@riba.org">book an appointment</a>聽to see material from this collection.聽</strong></p> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="membership-benefit-card"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/949AE346088F4734AAE5057DF67FF459.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=73CA580DC82AD47C4D89DB57C8AE1C83DFD69766" class="membership-benefit-card__image" alt="Set of brass drawing instruments"/> <div class="membership-benefit-card__content"> <h2 class="membership-benefit-card__title">Objects and Artefacts</h2> <article class="rich-text membership-benefit-card__rich-text"> <div class="content-container"> <p><strong>We hold a wide range of objects and artefacts documenting the evolution of the architectural profession over the past four centuries.</strong></p> <p> <span>This collection includes drawing tables, stools, plan chests and measuring instruments, offering insight into the changing environment of the architecture office. Smaller items include coins, architecture themed toys, and the RIBA silver collection. We also care for 120 portraits depicting former RIBA presidents, and have been collecting architectural medals since our foundation.</span></p> <p><strong><span style="background-color: #f8f8f8; color: #333f48;">Objects and artefacts can be accessed via the聽</span><span style="background-color: #f8f8f8; color: #333f48;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/dac-study-room" style="color: #407ec9;">RIBA Architecture Study Room</a>聽at the V&A;, with some material stored offsite.聽Please聽<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/mailto:drawings@riba.org" style="color: #407ec9; background-color: transparent;">book an appointment</a>聽to see material from this collection.聽</span></strong></p> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="membership-benefit-card"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/4959FEFA00D64FCBADF407EB38FC2D59.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=5A9DDE942ECCBF31017B7073FF9E7FBB5A656061" class="membership-benefit-card__image" alt="Menu card for dinner in honour of Professor Walter Gropius"/> <div class="membership-benefit-card__content"> <h2 class="membership-benefit-card__title">Archives and Manuscripts</h2> <article class="rich-text membership-benefit-card__rich-text"> <div class="content-container"> <p><strong>Our archives and manuscripts collection includes the personal correspondence, journals, notebooks, administrative files, and unpublished texts of world-famous British architects.<br> </strong> <br> It also features material related to individuals and societies who have helped shape architectural culture globally, including journalists, writers, historians, and educators. This collection also covers the RIBA institutional archive, which documents our history from the earliest founding documents to recent publications and ephemera.</p> <p><strong>Archive material can be accessed via the <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/dac-study-room">RIBA Architecture Study Room</a>聽at the V&A;, with some material stored offsite. <span>Please <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/mailto:drawings@riba.org">book an appointment</a> to see material from this collection.聽</span></strong></p> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="membership-benefit-card-board"> <div class="content-container"> <h2 class="membership-benefit-card-board__title"></h2> <p class="membership-benefit-card-board__intro"></p> <div class="membership-benefit-card-board__cards"> <div class="membership-benefit-card"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/6CD7A1134F9E47188B1E2EE6839684B6.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=5B91430BC96F85B6A4E8299BCEDC7DF3FC5CCB13" class="membership-benefit-card__image" alt="Title page of John Shute, The First and chief groundes of architecture"/> <div class="membership-benefit-card__content"> <h2 class="membership-benefit-card__title">Rare books</h2> <article class="rich-text membership-benefit-card__rich-text"> <div class="content-container"> <p><strong>Our Rare Books are among the world's finest collections of early and rare architectural publications.</strong><br> <br> Centered around almost 5,000 volumes published between 1478 and and 1840, this collection includes many early and rare editions (often richly illustrated) of seminal works on architecture published in Great Britain, Europe and the United States. Alongside early editions of Vitruvius, Alberti, Palladio, and Piranesi, you will find manuals and pattern books, large scale volumes on archaeology, and detailed studies of some of the most famous buildings in the world.</p> <p> <strong>Rare Books聽are available to consult at the <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/riba-library">RIBA Library Reading Room</a>聽at 66 Portland Place. You don't need an appointment.</strong></p> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="membership-benefit-card"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/6043581ED61148E9B1EEC3BCACA9B6B7.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=5E9799D394B6AE5C7353B9E4A8E514823EABEDB9" class="membership-benefit-card__image" alt="Model of Delf Hill Middle School, Bradford"/> <div class="membership-benefit-card__content"> <h2 class="membership-benefit-card__title">Architectural models</h2> <article class="rich-text membership-benefit-card__rich-text"> <div class="content-container"> <p><strong>We care for almost 400 architectural models, representing five centuries of architectural history.</strong><br> <br> Most models in the collection were created by architects or their collaborators as a key part of their design process. A highlight is a wooden model from the 1690s of Easton Neston, a country house designed by Nicholas Hawksmoor, which is one of the earliest English architectural models still in existence. Later collections include models of some of the best-known buildings of the twentieth century, from private dwellings to large scale urban developments.<br> <strong></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="color: black;">The models can be accessed through the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/dac-study-room"><span>RIBA Architecture Study Rooms</span></a> at the V&A;, with some material stored offsite. Please <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/mailto:drawings@riba.org"><span>book an appointment</span></a> to </span></strong><strong><span style="color: black;">see material from this collection</span></strong><strong><span style="color: black;">.</span></strong></p> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="membership-benefit-card"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/734655D830F84C918536EF2E0B0CA606.jpg?h=348&w=538&la=en&hash=78278EE26A121C1459A9EC5E0DA8110D979E480A" class="membership-benefit-card__image" alt="Photograph of books in the reading room"/> <div class="membership-benefit-card__content"> <h2 class="membership-benefit-card__title">Books and Periodicals </h2> <article class="rich-text membership-benefit-card__rich-text"> <div class="content-container"> <p><strong>Our Library Reading Room at 66 Portland Place holds books and journals related to every aspect of architectural practice and research.</strong><br> <br> With over 150,000 books in the collection, and 100 new titles added every month, it is one of the leading resources in the country for the study of architecture and architectural history. The collection covers a wide range of subjects, including all building types, architectural monographs, history and theory, town planning, sustainability, and architectural law and practice. We also provide access to around 2,240 periodical titles (600 of which are current). Since the 1930s we have been compiling an index to these journals. This catalogue, known as the Architectural Publications Index (API), is an invaluable resource for scholars and others interested in architecture and related subjects.</p> <p> <strong>The <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/riba-library">RIBA Library Reading Room</a>聽is free and open to all. You don't need an appointment to consult books.聽</strong></p> <p><strong>聽</strong></p> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="membership-benefit-card"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/49A14C457EEF4042900A7F9A07998ECB.jpg?h=349&w=538&la=en&hash=1CA7D2FF3FD03DDBB76981DC66BC79C8BD487BAF" class="membership-benefit-card__image" alt=""/> <div class="membership-benefit-card__content"> <h2 class="membership-benefit-card__title">RIBA Institutional Archive</h2> <article class="rich-text membership-benefit-card__rich-text"> <div class="content-container"> <p><strong>Our institutional archive documents the history of RIBA from its earliest foundational documents to recent publications and ephemera.</strong><br> <br> This is by far the largest grouping in our archives and manuscripts collection, and dates back to the founding of the Institute in 1834. Covering all aspects of RIBA鈥檚 work, from exams to exhibitions, this is an indispensable resource for the study of the architectural profession and architectural education worldwide. The Nomination Papers (application forms for membership) in particular are a unique source of biographical information on thousands of past members of the Institute.<br> <br> <strong><span style="background-color: #f8f8f8; color: black;">Archive material can be accessed through the聽<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/dac-study-room" style="color: #407ec9; background-color: transparent;"><span>RIBA Architecture Study Rooms</span></a>聽at the V&A;, with some material stored offsite. Please聽<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/mailto:drawings@riba.org" style="color: #407ec9; background-color: transparent;"><span>book an appointment</span></a>聽to聽</span><span style="background-color: #f8f8f8; color: black;">see material from this collection</span><span style="background-color: #f8f8f8; color: black;">.</span></strong> </p> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="need-help"> <div class="content-container"> <h2 class="need-help__heading">Contact us</h2> <p> Public information line, open Monday to Friday, 10am to 1pm and 2pm to 5pm </p> <div class="need-help__contact-details"> <div class="need-help__contact-detail need-help__contact-detail--phone"> <span class="material-icons call-icon need-help__contact-detail-icon">call</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/tel:+44 (0)20 7307 3882" title="call" class="need-help__contact-detail-link">+44 (0)20 7307 3882</a> </div> <div class="need-help__contact-detail need-help__contact-detail--email"> <span class="material-icons email-icon need-help__contact-detail-icon">email</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/mailto:info@riba.org" title="email" class="need-help__contact-detail-link">info@riba.org</a> </div> </div> <p> Members information line, open Monday to Friday, 10am to 1pm and 2pm to 5pm <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/tel:+44 (0)20 7307 3600" title="call">+44 (0)20 7307 3600</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="to-top"> <a href="#" title="To Top" class="to-top__link"> <span class="material-icons keyboard_arrow_up-icon to-top__icon">keyboard_arrow_up</span> <span class="to-top__label">To top</span> </a> </div> <div class="footer">  <div class="footer__container"> <div class="footer__navigation"> <div class="footer-navigation"> <div class="footer-navigation__list"> <ul> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba" class="footer-navigation__link footer-navigation__link--title">My local RIBA</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba" class="footer-navigation__link">Nations, regions, chapters</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-east" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA East</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-east-midlands" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA East Midlands</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-london" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA London</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-north-east" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA North East</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-north-west" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA North West</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-south-south-east" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA South / South East</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-south-west" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA South West / Wessex</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-west-midlands" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA West Midlands</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-yorkshire" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA Yorkshire</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/rsaw" class="footer-navigation__link">RSAW</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/my-local-riba/riba-international" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA International</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-navigation__list"> <ul> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit" class="footer-navigation__link footer-navigation__link--title">Contact or visit the RIBA</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit" class="footer-navigation__link">Contact us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/visit-66-portland-place" class="footer-navigation__link">Visit 66 Portland Place</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/riba-library" class="footer-navigation__link">The RIBA Library</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/dac-study-room" class="footer-navigation__link" title="RIBA Architecture Study Rooms">RIBA Architecture Study Rooms</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/visit-66-portland-place/the-bauhaus-bar-and-cafe-at-66-portland-place" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA Bar</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/visit-66-portland-place/cafe-at-66-portland-place" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA Café</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-books/shops/riba-bookshop-london.html" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA Bookshop</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/riba-north" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA North</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-navigation__list"> <ul> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about" class="footer-navigation__link footer-navigation__link--title">About the RIBA</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about" class="footer-navigation__link">About us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/riba-library-and-collections" class="footer-navigation__link">Library and Collections</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/support-us" class="footer-navigation__link">Support our work</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/press-office" class="footer-navigation__link">Press office</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/policy" class="footer-navigation__link">Campaigns and policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/equality-diversity-and-inclusion" class="footer-navigation__link">Equality, diversity, inclusion</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/join-riba" class="footer-navigation__link">Join the RIBA</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/work-with-us" class="footer-navigation__link" title="Work with us">Work with us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/modern-slavery-statement-2019" class="footer-navigation__link" title="Modern Slavery Statement 2019">Modern Slavery Statement</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/-/media/files/Governance/RIBA-policies/RIBA-Anti-Bribery-and-Corruption-Policy.pdf" class="footer-navigation__link" title="Anti-bribery and corruption policy">Anti-Bribery and Corruption policy</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-navigation__list"> <ul> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/products-and-services" class="footer-navigation__link footer-navigation__link--title">Other RIBA services</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-venue-hire" class="footer-navigation__link" title="RIBA Venue Hire London">Venue hire</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/contact-and-visit/riba-north/venue-hire" class="footer-navigation__link">Venue hire RIBA North</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-contracts" class="footer-navigation__link" title="RIBA Contracts">RIBA Contracts</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-publishing" class="footer-navigation__link" title="RIBA Publishing">RIBA Publishing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-business" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA Business</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-business/pension" class="footer-navigation__link" title="RIBA Pension">RIBA Pension</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-business/insurance" class="footer-navigation__link" title="RIBA Insurance">RIBA Insurance</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.ribaj.com/" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA Journal</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/riba-books" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA Books</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://jobs.architecture.com/" class="footer-navigation__link">RIBA Jobs</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer__logos"> <div class="footer-logos"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/" class="footer-logos__link"><svg width="142" height="55" viewbox="0 0 142 55" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <path id="a" d="M0 80h141.956V0H0z"></path> </defs> <g transform="translate(0 -13)" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M5.333 56.8l-2.256 5.873h4.53L5.334 56.8zM2.677 63.86L1.28 67.375c-.094.25-.305.46-.63.46-.363 0-.65-.307-.65-.652 0-.078.02-.21.058-.288l4.664-11.843c.095-.23.267-.442.61-.44.326 0 .537.21.632.44l4.665 11.844c.037.095.056.23.056.288 0 .345-.267.652-.67.652-.324 0-.534-.192-.63-.44L8.01 63.86H2.677zM14.335 60.274c.382-.883 1.338-1.535 2.656-1.535.327 0 .595.267.595.594 0 .326-.268.595-.594.595-1.756 0-2.655 1.227-2.655 2.993v4.3c0 .345-.268.614-.612.614-.343 0-.61-.27-.61-.614V59.43c0-.346.266-.614.61-.614s.612.268.612.614v.844zM23.05 58.7c1.7.002 2.64.904 2.944 1.326.095.135.134.23.134.365 0 .327-.25.557-.555.557-.19 0-.325-.076-.458-.23-.287-.326-.803-.903-2.065-.903-1.758 0-2.695 1.133-2.695 3.494 0 2.4.937 3.513 2.695 3.513 1.11 0 1.778-.498 2.22-.824.132-.096.228-.135.362-.135.305 0 .554.25.554.558 0 .173-.057.308-.25.48-.42.346-1.337 1.036-2.886 1.036-2.465 0-3.937-1.48-3.937-4.626 0-3.148 1.472-4.607 3.937-4.607M36.067 62.1v5.125c0 .346-.268.615-.61.615-.345 0-.613-.27-.613-.615V62.35c0-1.517-.44-2.553-2.294-2.553-1.892 0-2.542 1.15-2.542 2.687v4.74c0 .347-.268.615-.612.615s-.61-.27-.61-.616l-.002-12.592c0-.345.267-.613.61-.613.345 0 .614.267.614.612v5.414c.363-.73 1.3-1.343 2.542-1.343 2.944 0 3.517 1.766 3.517 3.397M40.233 67.226c0 .346-.268.615-.61.615-.345 0-.613-.268-.613-.614v-7.793c0-.346.267-.614.612-.614.343 0 .61.267.61.613v7.793zm-1.34-10.942c0-.556.27-.767.728-.767.46 0 .728.21.728.767 0 .462-.268.73-.727.73-.458 0-.726-.268-.726-.73zM43.864 56.957c0-.326.287-.614.612-.614.343 0 .61.288.61.614v2.016h1.244c.324 0 .573.25.573.576 0 .325-.25.575-.573.575h-1.243v5.298c0 .825.46 1.266 1.11 1.266.324 0 .592.25.592.575 0 .327-.27.576-.593.576-1.51 0-2.333-1.016-2.333-2.417v-5.298h-.745c-.326 0-.575-.25-.575-.577 0-.326.25-.576.574-.576h.744v-2.015zM52.752 59.82c-1.664 0-2.58 1.073-2.695 2.78h5.14c0-1.38-.477-2.78-2.445-2.78m0-1.115c3.058 0 3.65 2.438 3.65 3.743 0 .557 0 1.23-.764 1.23h-5.58c0 1.898 1.088 3.128 2.885 3.128 1.11 0 1.76-.423 2.294-.825.114-.077.19-.116.345-.116.305 0 .553.25.553.558 0 .21-.095.327-.21.44-.287.29-1.28 1.076-2.982 1.075-2.542 0-4.13-1.4-4.13-4.625 0-2.957 1.454-4.607 3.94-4.607M62.327 58.706c1.7 0 2.637.903 2.944 1.325.096.136.135.23.135.366 0 .326-.25.556-.555.556-.19 0-.325-.076-.46-.23-.285-.326-.8-.902-2.063-.903-1.76 0-2.695 1.132-2.695 3.493 0 2.4.936 3.513 2.695 3.513 1.11 0 1.778-.5 2.218-.825.133-.095.23-.134.364-.134.304 0 .552.25.552.557 0 .173-.056.308-.248.48-.42.346-1.338 1.036-2.887 1.036-2.465 0-3.937-1.48-3.937-4.627 0-3.148 1.472-4.607 3.937-4.607M68.538 56.96c0-.325.287-.614.612-.614.344 0 .612.29.612.615v2.016h1.242c.325 0 .573.25.574.576 0 .326-.248.576-.573.576h-1.243v5.3c0 .824.46 1.265 1.11 1.265.324 0 .592.25.592.575 0 .327-.268.576-.593.576-1.51 0-2.332-1.017-2.332-2.42v-5.297h-.745c-.325 0-.573-.25-.573-.575 0-.326.248-.577.573-.577h.745V56.96zM75.094 59.438v5.01c0 1.246.402 2.322 2.333 2.322 1.93 0 2.33-1.075 2.33-2.322v-5.01c0-.346.288-.614.632-.614.323 0 .59.268.592.615v5.008c0 1.824-.592 3.494-3.555 3.493-2.944 0-3.556-1.67-3.556-3.493v-5.01c0-.345.27-.614.613-.614.324 0 .61.27.61.615M85.167 60.283c.382-.883 1.338-1.535 2.656-1.535.326 0 .593.268.593.595 0 .326-.267.595-.593.595-1.757 0-2.656 1.228-2.656 2.994v4.3c0 .345-.268.614-.612.614-.343 0-.61-.27-.61-.613V59.44c0-.346.266-.615.61-.615s.612.27.612.614v.843zM93.883 59.824c-1.664 0-2.58 1.074-2.695 2.782h5.14c0-1.38-.476-2.78-2.445-2.782m0-1.114c3.058 0 3.65 2.44 3.65 3.744 0 .556 0 1.228-.765 1.228h-5.58c0 1.9 1.09 3.13 2.885 3.13 1.11 0 1.76-.423 2.295-.826.114-.077.19-.116.344-.116.305 0 .553.25.554.557 0 .21-.095.327-.21.442-.287.287-1.28 1.073-2.983 1.073-2.54 0-4.128-1.4-4.128-4.626 0-2.956 1.452-4.607 3.938-4.607M99.482 66.946c0-.633.344-.922.9-.922.553 0 .897.29.897.922 0 .634-.345.903-.9.903-.554 0-.898-.27-.898-.904M107.185 58.712c1.7 0 2.638.903 2.943 1.325.095.135.134.23.134.365 0 .326-.25.556-.554.556-.192 0-.324-.076-.46-.23-.285-.326-.802-.902-2.063-.903-1.76 0-2.695 1.133-2.695 3.494 0 2.4.937 3.512 2.696 3.512 1.108 0 1.777-.5 2.216-.825.134-.096.23-.135.363-.135.306 0 .555.25.555.556 0 .174-.057.31-.25.48-.42.346-1.337 1.037-2.884 1.037-2.467 0-3.94-1.48-3.94-4.626 0-3.15 1.473-4.608 3.94-4.608M119.13 63.32c0-2.417-1.012-3.493-2.77-3.493-1.76 0-2.772 1.075-2.772 3.493 0 2.457 1.013 3.514 2.772 3.514 1.758 0 2.77-1.057 2.77-3.513m1.244 0c0 3.15-1.53 4.627-4.014 4.627-2.467 0-4.014-1.48-4.014-4.627 0-3.15 1.547-4.607 4.013-4.606 2.484 0 4.014 1.458 4.014 4.607M136.104 62.114v5.125c0 .344-.268.613-.612.613-.343 0-.61-.27-.61-.614v-4.877c0-1.516-.537-2.552-2.39-2.553-1.645 0-2.39.883-2.39 2.303v5.125c0 .345-.267.614-.61.614-.346 0-.614-.27-.614-.614v-4.876c0-1.515-.478-2.552-2.35-2.553-1.78 0-2.352 1.074-2.352 2.687v4.74c0 .346-.268.614-.612.614-.343 0-.61-.268-.61-.612v-7.795c-.002-.345.265-.613.61-.613.343 0 .61.27.612.614v.614c.325-.71 1.242-1.343 2.484-1.343 1.568 0 2.58.576 3.04 1.343.477-.747 1.318-1.342 2.79-1.342 2.945 0 3.614 1.766 3.614 3.398M.677 17.523c.964 0 2.607.58 2.607 3.05v21.28c0 2.426-1.558 3.05-3.004 3.09v.31h8.926v-.31c-1.218-.04-3.046-.467-3.046-3.09V31.127c1.87 0 4.49.117 7.41 4.97l3.343 5.99c.043.038.666 1.017 1.02 1.526.58.862.893 1.21 1.205 1.64h5.1v-.31c-.85-.077-2.225-.12-4.79-4.5l-2.535-4.738c-1.204-2.037-2.565-3.838-4.633-4.852v-.077c4.095-.746 5.88-3.58 5.88-6.512 0-2.74-1.6-7.136-8.175-7.136H.28v.393h.397zm5.483 12.86V18.026c.397-.077.864-.155 1.757-.155 5.61 0 7.013 3.852 7.013 6.63 0 3.756-1.956 5.883-7.17 5.883h-1.6zM37.102 17.442c-1.444 0-3.003.662-3.003 3.05v21.36c0 2.428 1.755 3.093 3.002 3.093v.31H28.22v-.31c1.36 0 2.988-.665 2.988-3.093v-21.36c0-2.62-1.784-3.05-2.99-3.05v-.313h8.884v.312M52.006 31.232c4.746 0 7.793 2.328 7.793 6.59 0 .976-.242 2.584-1.135 3.988-.893 1.413-2.564 2.587-5.497 2.587-4.052 0-4.052-1.92-4.052-3.365v-9.8h2.89zm1.714 14.022c.468 0 3.656-.035 5.61-1.132 1.517-.863 3.698-2.893 3.698-6.183 0-2.072-.864-3.828-2.295-5.16-1.714-1.6-3.952-1.967-6.275-2.178v-.076c3.428-.9 6.035-3.045 6.035-6.644 0-3.56-3.188-6.753-8.104-6.753h-9.153v.313h.354c1.587 0 2.65 1.132 2.65 3.165V41.85c0 2.236-1.36 3.095-2.607 3.095h-.396v.31H53.72zM49.116 30.37V18.42c.51-.158 1.33-.432 2.494-.432 3.315 0 5.652 2.998 5.652 6.443 0 3.64-2.536 5.195-3.117 5.472-.537.27-1.317.468-3.188.468h-1.84zM75.03 30.247l3.23-9.92h.083l3.5 9.92H75.03zm.324-12.902c.964 0 1.87.352 2.323 1.227l-7.424 22.392c-.807 2.466-1.784 3.793-3.74 3.952v.313h6.915v-.314c-1.176 0-2.268-.236-2.268-1.957 0-.585.27-1.682.455-2.27l3.06-9.38h7.55l3.5 9.928c0 .04.043.156.07.232.284.866.355 1.49.355 1.725 0 1.837-1.714 1.72-2.92 1.72v.314h9.154v-.314c-1.36-.117-2.41-.195-3.783-4.068L80.23 17.08H75.354v.265zM122.618 41.73H119.5c-.325 0-.565.258-.565.567 0 .32.24.576.566.576h3.118c.325 0 .566-.256.566-.576 0-.31-.24-.568-.566-.568" fill="#FFF"></path> <mask id="b" fill="#fff"> <use xlink:href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/about/riba-library-and-collections#a"></use> </mask> <path d="M119.033 44.605h4.052v-.942h-4.052v.942zm4.675-.48v1.12h-5.327V43.01h5.328v1.133h-.51v-.6h-4.291v1.18h4.292v-.602l.51.005zM124.516 15.018l-.326-.058-.24 1.17.31.053.256-1.165M124.063 14.937c-.354-.055-.695-.1-1.05-.142l-.168 1.21c.367.033.708.072.99.11l.228-1.178M121.144 14.573c.212 0 .41.006.61.013l.07-1.586h-1.36l.07 1.582c.2-.006.397-.01.61-.01M121.215 15.928c.312 0 .623.01.936.03l.1-1.23c-.34-.02-.695-.036-1.035-.036v1.236M124.545 14.902l.325-1.43c-.142-.042-1.006-.19-1.006-.19l-.283 1.462c.312.045.64.097.965.158M122.887 17.34l.17-1.192c-.355-.036-.75-.065-1.148-.084l-.072 1.275h1.05M119.444 16.006l-.17-1.214c-.382.04-.723.09-1.048.145l.227 1.18c.283-.04.623-.08.99-.11M121.087 14.692c-.382 0-.722.016-1.048.035l.098 1.23c.312-.02.624-.03.95-.03v-1.235M117.772 15.018l.27 1.165c.084-.016.184-.033.297-.052l-.242-1.17c-.1.02-.212.038-.326.058M119.118 16.157c-.44.045-.793.097-1.048.146l.227 1.036h.99l-.17-1.183M123.17 16.157l-.156 1.182h.978l.24-1.037c-.254-.05-.623-.1-1.062-.146M121.782 16.057c-.213-.003-.425-.006-.637-.006-.213 0-.425.004-.638.007l.07 1.282h1.148l.057-1.283M118.72 14.737l-.296-1.455s-.864.148-.992.19l.312 1.43c.31-.058.623-.113.977-.165M120.45 17.34l-.07-1.276c-.398.02-.794.048-1.134.084l.155 1.19h1.05M122.618 17.46H119.5c-.325 0-.565.256-.565.573 0 .316.24.57.566.57h3.118c.325 0 .566-.254.566-.57 0-.317-.24-.572-.566-.572M121.087 29.87c-.07.074-.764.778-.764.778l-.81-.81v1.552c.172.185.74.75.81.813.07-.074.764-.774.764-.774s.724.715.794.79c.072-.062.582-.578.794-.79v-1.56l-.793.797s-.707-.723-.793-.797M121.88 39.312l.794-.795v1.56c-.213.212-.722.732-.793.794-.07-.076-.792-.796-.792-.796s-.695.696-.766.778c-.07-.065-.637-.633-.807-.81v-1.556l.807.81s.695-.704.766-.782c.085.078.793.798.793.798M121.88 20.286l.794-.794v1.56c-.213.212-.722.732-.793.793-.07-.074-.792-.797-.792-.797s-.695.7-.766.777c-.07-.064-.637-.63-.807-.81V19.46l.807.81s.695-.7.766-.78c.085.08.793.796.793.796" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M122.674 18.734v.586c-.212.217-.722.734-.793.795-.07-.078-.792-.795-.792-.795s-.694.7-.765.775c-.07-.06-.638-.632-.81-.81v-.55h3.16M121.88 41.042l.794-.79v1.35h-3.16v-1.39l.808.813s.695-.703.766-.778c.085.075.793.795.793.795M113.706 21.42h-.935v-.383l.936.004M112.643 21.813h1.063v.378l-1.063-.002M113.706 23.73h-5.058v-.378h5.058M113.706 22.962h-1.374l.24-.372v-.01l1.134.004M109.626 21.42h-.978v-.38l.964-.002h.014M109.754 22.187l-1.106.003v-.378h1.106M110.065 22.96l-1.417.002v-.38H109.825M111.878 21.764l.128.143-.1.806-.24.06v-.834M110.886 22.57v-.757h.624v.758c0 .25-.113.45-.312.585-.198-.135-.312-.335-.312-.584M110.405 21.907l.128-.143.212.174v.833l-.256-.057M119.373 23.685c-.028 0-.056.01-.085.02-.142.054-.184.245-.113.367.014.01.042.052.1.156.098.173.07.322.027.412 0 0-.198-.135-.396-.083 0 0 .07-.03.085-.146.03-.112-.127-.167-.24-.163-.156.006-.468.09-.58.44-.114.343-.256.712-.85.832-.37.07-.894.147-1.15.21-.282.072-.537.166-.566.31-.014.15.2.276.425.337.198.058.595.11.863.11.553 0 .92-.046 1.19.107.1.058.214.15.27.225.156.193.283.26.41.283.143.033.256-.058.214-.174-.03-.09-.07-.117-.07-.117.24.028.395-.085.395-.085.043.095.057.23-.027.378-.03.042-.086.137-.086.137-.086.14-.057.357.085.435.027.01.042.02.084.026.155.03.254-.05.254-.05-.028.208-.17.302-.34.31-.014.004-.028.004-.043.004-.55-.003-.72-.606-.72-.606-.2-.408-.44-.53-.582-.585-.155-.055-.368-.068-.893.05-.452.096-.864.135-1.217.115-1.007-.062-1.446-.29-1.644-.617-.213-.32-.227-.806-.1-1.06.157-.272.553-.395 1.034-.256.482.137 1.248.276 1.744.276.51 0 .806-.1.948-.326.1-.152.142-.384.284-.6.1-.148.27-.284.496-.365 0 0 .043-.633.65-.58.016.002.058.01.072.015.2.048.312.203.312.346 0 0-.07-.098-.24-.09" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M118.807 25.696c0 .242.226.368.524.342.043.042.057.097.043.197-.014.168-.198.378-.552.378-.382 0-.765-.26-.765-.914 0-.663.383-.92.766-.92.355 0 .54.206.553.38.014.084 0 .15-.028.213-.298 0-.538.13-.538.323M113.735 25.576c-.03.304.056.555.1.675.055.124.097.365-.17.478-.213.098-.47.143-.922.113-.65-.043-1.36-.256-1.885-.485-.24-.104-.466-.227-.466-.417 0-.26.212-.297.382-.348.31-.094.54-.252.736-.45.2-.186.44-.376.75-.376.312 0 .525.035.866.183.34.143.65.297.61.63M111.014 27.136c.058-.146.17-.26.37-.226.21.032.338.068.48.14.086.047.114.127.086.25-.03.123-.142.516-.794 1.114-.24.22-.637.488-.978.504-.325.02-.44-.155-.44-.35v-.322c0-.122.086-.28.214-.313.31-.068.878-.33 1.062-.797" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M114.258 24.724s-.24.07-.424.305c0 0-.44-.396-1.247-.52-.78-.082-.907.104-1.36.492-.37.313-.694.375-.737.298-.085-.16.213-.362.34-.485.114-.122.015-.24-.183-.136-.185.102-.596.513-.667.874l-.014.003v.017c-.013.113-.057.494.255.757.143.13.27.193.468.27.157.057.227.29.043.517-.17.23-.48.47-.878.577-.227.058-.354.226-.354.472v2.546c0 .187-.084.414-.354.414-.255 0-.453.064-.453-.172v-4.012c0-1.73.98-2.43 1.32-2.608.637-.345 1.67-.52 2.804-.28.708.148 1.19.435 1.444.67M113.565 27.684s-.567-.01-.936-.33c-.114-.106-.043-.253.142-.253.197 0 .495.036.793-.035v.62" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M113.465 27.936c-.027.103-.098.25-.156.27 0 0-.142.043-.34.05-.128 0-.227-.01-.425-.15-.127-.098-.326-.296-.397-.363-.07-.085-.114-.158-.043-.278.057-.12.17-.143.326-.02.157.12.313.23.497.298.17.057.298.09.454.093.058.007.114.05.085.1" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M113.126 28.99c-.312.066-.553-.08-.708-.156-.157-.078-.525-.372-.61-.455-.128-.125-.142-.275-.057-.382.085-.103.213-.14.313-.072.1.072.268.252.396.343.155.1.354.192.538.173 0 0 .17-.012.27-.048.098-.036.155.02.14.174-.014.158-.127.383-.282.42M112.743 29.612c-.24.016-.482-.04-.78-.226-.296-.19-.82-.572-.68-.83.072-.11.213-.14.34-.035.142.108.483.376.68.49.128.06.326.163.497.18.226.03.34 0 .34 0 .014.26-.157.405-.397.422M112.714 29.802s.044.14-.057.26c-.112.118-.367.137-.693.07-.327-.07-.638-.23-.865-.453-.228-.227-.454-.5-.326-.672.07-.106.254-.136.382 0 .114.135.58.49.836.62.27.128.438.19.722.174" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M111.595 30.65c-.185-.035-.708-.222-1.12-.622-.268-.258-.51-.49-.623-.778-.013-.07 0-.106.128-.087.113.016.142.01.198.016.114.002.227 0 .312.118.185.26.454.54.695.73.24.19.694.327.977.31 0 0 .1.103 0 .222-.085.127-.368.127-.567.09" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M111.637 30.925c-.197.055-.608.078-.95 0-.353-.077-.607-.248-.792-.47-.128-.165-.17-.246-.2-.427 0 0-.026-.345.06-.38.07-.034.14.038.254.176.084.12.367.458.763.705.34.214.766.276.922.263.155-.02.127.08-.058.132M114.967 27.1s-.44.138-.736.42c0 0-.127-.258-.454-.507 0 0 .213-.06.34-.278 0 0 .213.304.85.365M111.538 35.306c.157.528.213 1.317.213 2.356 0 1.04-.523 2.977-1.26 2.977s-1.26-.954-1.33-2.226c-.058-1.256.197-1.882.41-2.53.17-.517.17-.8.014-1.027-.128-.188-.34-.245-.567-.297-.24-.052-.51-.145-.51-.636V31.8c0-.442.254-.442.44-.442.184 0 .467.116.65.28.185.162.34.37.34 1.086 0 .713-.084 1.963.553 1.963.71 0 .893.09 1.048.62M107.317 34.973c-.412.216-.88.316-1.43.316-1.107 0-3.004-.814-3.047-3.848l-.014-.927c-.03-2.272.042-5.312-.61-6.623-.24-.48-.595-.552-.977-.41 0 .007-.016.01-.03.016-.014 0-.014.003-.014.003-.07.026-.155.043-.24.043-.397 0-.723-.326-.723-.723 0-.4.354-.73.808-.733 1.007 0 1.46.826 1.73 1.472.608 1.478.593 4.33.622 6.95l.014.886c.014 1.173.327 2.06.92 2.637.596.595 1.29.66 1.56.66 1.346 0 2.082-1.208 2.267-1.65v1.65c0 .167-.114.206-.213.2-.14-.03-.354-.03-.623.08M115.378 34.302c-.14.345-.425.542-.637.522-.226-.018-.353-.04-.566-.225-.213-.185-.61-.398-1.12-.398-.324 0-.962.04-.864-.742.043-.36.595-.58 1.22-.62.65-.05 1.345.115 1.685.368.34.252.44.71.283 1.094" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M108.195 44.618c-.014.184-.256.494-.694.54-.41.044-1.02-.104-1.16-.77-.072-.31-.143-.82-.114-1.616.028-.92.042-1.47-.043-1.863-.085-.388-.383-1.346.312-1.52.198-.053.397.035.54.12.125.082.253.115.51.002.24-.116.607-.194 1.047-.197-.07-.132-.114-.32-.17-.565-.213-.975-.184-2.85-.015-3.774.044-.184.185-.23.397-.207.24.03.454.1.553.23.17.2.14.357-.1 1.116-.255.82-.325 1.582-.297 2.275.015.415.07.718.128.94.042.1 0 .243-.14.256-.144.02-.3.048-.497.155-.043.036-.212.182-.383.294-.2.126-.424.217-.665.227-.213.007-.298-.025-.51-.083-.185-.052-.327.01-.41.12-.072.09-.114.247-.086.403.014.242.113.44.198.568.213.343.213.697.198 1.075-.028 1.017-.1 1.743.142 1.872.2.094.368-.123.624-.14.34-.02.297.673.397.48.084-.157.254-.124.24.063" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M111.283 40.287c.014.787-.41 1.1-.92 1.15-.582.057-1.43-.25-1.728-.286-.298-.03-.37.025-.482.147-.128.122-.397.458-.425.762 0 .173 0 .645.056.993.043.352.694.31.694.31-.27.038-.424.275-.467.384-.056.203.015.51.015.51-.085-.226-.198-.407-.425-.417-.1-.006-.283.052-.467.146-.213.11-.156-.527-.142-.988.015-.468.072-.885-.013-1.34-.043-.274.396-.358.51-.43.127-.08.198-.2.24-.367.057-.197.213-.37.368-.538.27-.29.553-.485.893-.52.043 0 .227-.016.327.19.283.57.567.67.82.766.072.026-.155.35-.367.368.098.045.425.103.736 0 .284-.094.425-.41.425-.41.113-.053.282-.24.353-.43" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M109.853 43.91s-.142.1-.17.33c-.015.19 0 .378-.03.39-.04.008-.04 0-.07-.176-.042-.233-.127-.358-.255-.482-.127-.116-.44-.148-.382-.006.057.14.07.298.057.442-.03.223-.185.414-.227.247-.057-.17-.27-.415-.566-.428 0 0-.1-.258.042-.48.17-.294.722-.316.95-.284.197.03.58.19.65.448M110.405 44.605c.043.19-.07.504-.198.603-.14.107-.156 0-.127-.115.04-.123-.07-.227-.128-.265-.043-.032-.1-.048-.1-.203 0-.16.03-.54.185-.54.184 0 .34.33.368.52M111.043 18.42l-.043-.932h.398l-.044.932M111.92 18.58l-.296-.122.31-.848.015-.03.354.155M112.148 18.717l.58-.68.03-.024.283.27-.666.656M112.516 19.127l.78-.464.013-.017.197.35-.835.415M112.714 19.634l.893-.16.028-.004.057.39-.92.093M112.77 20.263h.936v.375h-.935v-.358M110.49 18.58l-.396-.845.34-.14.03-.015.31.878M110.022 18.94l-.665-.675.27-.25.013-.02.624.723M109.74 19.41l-.865-.425.185-.326.013-.02.808.487M109.64 19.953l-.963-.092.056-.362v-.03l.95.165M109.626 20.638h-.978v-.375h.978M112.063 21.057c0 .52-.255.598-.44.598-.183 0-.34-.078-.34-.316v-.49c0-.157.113-.31.255-.383.128-.055.2-.2.213-.335 0-.09.03-.094.072-.04.142.17.24.513.24.965M112.205 20.87c0-.47-.2-.79-.27-.858-.07-.07-.014-.1.057-.072.213.08.426 0 .538-.064 0 0 .113-.116.113.336 0 .538-.255.832-.353.877-.028.022-.085.05-.085-.023v-.197M110.774 21.655c-.17 0-.425-.078-.425-.598 0-.45.083-.794.225-.965.042-.055.07-.052.07.04.015.134.086.28.213.335.142.073.255.226.255.384v.488c0 .24-.155.317-.34.317" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M110.745 20.128v-.575c0-.032-.027-.064-.057-.064h-.75c-.03 0-.03-.04-.03-.063.2-.52.71-.884 1.29-.884.58 0 1.106.365 1.29.884 0 .023 0 .062-.03.062h-.75c-.028 0-.056.03-.056.063v.575c0 .025-.028.06-.057.06h-.779c-.043 0-.07-.035-.07-.06" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M110.462 20.01c-.07.07-.255.39-.255.86v.197c-.015.074-.056.046-.1.023-.098-.045-.353-.34-.353-.878 0-.452.113-.336.113-.336.128.064.34.145.538.064.084-.028.128.003.057.07M111.142 31.68v.246c0 .01-.014.022-.028.022h-.312c-.014 0-.014-.013-.014-.022v-.32c0-.016 0-.028.014-.028h.312c.014 0 .028.012.028.028v.09h.2v-.487s-.993.213-1.588-.533c-.03-.035-.07 0-.07.078 0 .076.027.445-.285.503 0 0 .325.12.495.35.142.182.256.502.256 1.102v.778c0 .484.07.963.37.963.65 0 .82.145.82.145.142 0 .17-.245.17-.394v-.305h-.368v.248c0 .01-.014.024-.028.024h-.312c-.014 0-.014-.014-.014-.024v-.326c0-.012 0-.022.014-.022h.312c.014 0 .028.01.028.022v.094l.37.007v-.694h-.37v.158c0 .012-.014.025-.028.025h-.312c-.014 0-.014-.013-.014-.024v-.324c0-.01 0-.023.014-.023h.312c.014 0 .028.013.028.023v.203h.37v-.753h-.37v.16c0 .018-.014.027-.028.027h-.312c-.014 0-.014-.01-.014-.026v-.326c0-.01 0-.02.014-.02h.312c.014 0 .028.01.028.02v.18h.37v-.516c0-.123-.072-.22-.13-.245l-.04-.022v-.055l-.2-.003M107.7 40.483c-.072.078-.185.316-.227.426-.043.115-.156.16-.227.183-.085.026-.142.055-.255.133-.07.052-.155.052-.198-.01-.085-.117-.1-.18-.155-.32-.043-.112-.058-.352 0-.43.042-.076.183-.106.396-.038.213.06.426.058.638-.02.072-.025.086-.002.03.075M115.208 35.8c-.07.364-.07.723.028.89.114.204.368.272.482.284.128.01.496.02.85.036 1.048.052 1.572.445 1.46.575-.043.045-.128.08-.327.02-.154-.046-.693-.286-1.317-.272-.34.003-.864.16-1.175.274-.312.117-.27-.174-.27-.255v-.54c-.042-1.384-.552-1.875-.552-1.875.07.06.397.098.454.084.297-.073.51-.227.608-.46-.013.335-.17.952-.24 1.24M129.418 21.038l-.935.003v.38h.935v-.363M128.483 21.813v.378l1.062-.002v-.375h-1.048M128.483 23.352v.378h5.058v-.378h-5.043M129.617 22.58l-1.133.004v.378h1.36l-.227-.372M132.564 21.038v.38h.978v-.377l-.965-.002M133.54 21.813h-1.105v.375l1.106.003v-.36M132.365 22.58l-.24.38 1.416.002v-.38h-1.162M130.523 22.77v-.832l-.212-.174-.127.143.1.806M130.99 23.156c.2-.136.312-.335.312-.584v-.76h-.623v.76c0 .25.112.448.31.584M131.444 22.77v-.832l.213-.174.127.143-.085.806M131.8 25.938c0-.26-.214-.297-.385-.348-.31-.094-.537-.253-.736-.45-.2-.186-.44-.376-.752-.376-.297 0-.524.035-.865.183-.34.143-.65.298-.623.63.043.303-.04.555-.085.674-.056.124-.098.365.172.48.212.096.466.14.92.112.65-.045 1.36-.258 1.884-.487.24-.104.47-.226.47-.417M130.325 27.05c-.085.047-.114.128-.085.25.042.124.14.517.793 1.114.242.22.638.488.963.504.34.02.454-.155.454-.35v-.32c0-.125-.085-.283-.228-.315-.31-.067-.863-.33-1.047-.798-.07-.144-.17-.257-.37-.226-.21.032-.338.068-.48.14" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M129.602 24.51c.78-.082.907.105 1.36.492.37.313.695.375.723.297.1-.16-.198-.362-.326-.485-.115-.122-.015-.24.17-.136.197.102.61.512.68.874l.013.003v.017c.014.113.057.494-.254.758-.158.13-.285.19-.47.268-.14.058-.226.29-.056.516.184.23.496.47.893.578.227.058.354.226.354.472v2.546c0 .187.086.414.355.414.255 0 .453.064.453-.172v-4.012c0-1.73-.977-2.43-1.317-2.608-.636-.346-1.67-.52-2.805-.28-.708.148-1.19.435-1.444.67 0 0 .24.07.412.304 0 0 .453-.394 1.26-.517M128.625 27.684s.566-.01.92-.33c.128-.106.057-.253-.127-.253-.198 0-.495.036-.793-.035v.62" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M128.71 27.936c.042.103.113.25.17.27 0 0 .14.043.326.05.126 0 .24-.01.44-.15.126-.098.324-.296.395-.363.072-.085.115-.158.044-.278-.057-.12-.185-.143-.326-.02-.156.12-.31.23-.497.298-.168.057-.296.09-.452.093-.056.007-.112.05-.098.1" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M129.063 28.99c.312.066.567-.08.71-.156.155-.078.524-.372.608-.455.13-.125.143-.275.058-.382-.084-.103-.212-.14-.312-.072-.098.072-.27.252-.396.343-.156.1-.355.192-.538.173 0 0-.17-.012-.27-.048-.1-.036-.156.02-.14.174.013.158.126.383.28.42M129.39 29.19c.17-.018.368-.12.496-.182.198-.113.538-.382.68-.488.128-.102.27-.074.34.036.156.258-.384.64-.68.83-.298.187-.538.242-.78.225-.24-.015-.41-.16-.395-.42 0 0 .113.03.34 0M131.415 29.008c-.07-.107-.268-.135-.382 0-.114.136-.58.49-.85.62-.256.13-.425.19-.71.175 0 0-.04.138.072.257.1.12.355.14.68.072.326-.072.64-.23.865-.453.227-.227.44-.5.325-.672" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M132.337 29.25c.014-.07 0-.107-.128-.088-.128.017-.143.01-.213.017-.1.003-.212 0-.312.12-.17.257-.44.538-.68.728-.24.19-.694.326-.977.31 0 0-.1.103 0 .223.084.127.368.127.566.09.184-.034.708-.222 1.12-.622.27-.258.51-.49.623-.778" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M132.436 29.647c-.085-.032-.156.038-.256.178-.098.12-.368.458-.764.704-.34.215-.765.276-.92.262-.157-.02-.128.082.056.133.184.055.61.077.95 0 .34-.078.607-.25.778-.472.127-.164.183-.244.213-.425 0 0 .028-.346-.057-.38M127.958 27.52s.128-.258.455-.507c0 0-.213-.058-.34-.278 0 0-.213.304-.85.365 0 0 .438.138.735.42M133.683 31.8c0-.442-.255-.442-.44-.442-.184 0-.467.116-.652.28-.182.162-.34.37-.34 1.086 0 .713.087 1.96-.55 1.96-.723 0-.894.092-1.05.622-.155.528-.212 1.317-.212 2.357 0 1.04.524 2.976 1.26 2.976.738 0 1.262-.954 1.318-2.226.058-1.256-.183-1.882-.396-2.53-.17-.517-.17-.8-.015-1.026.128-.19.34-.247.567-.298.24-.052.51-.145.51-.635V31.8M134.037 34.692v-1.65c.183.443.92 1.65 2.267 1.65.27 0 .963-.064 1.558-.66.595-.576.906-1.463.92-2.636l.015-.887c.014-2.62.014-5.472.624-6.95.27-.647.723-1.473 1.73-1.473.452.003.806.332.806.732 0 .398-.326.724-.722.724-.085 0-.17-.018-.24-.043-.015 0-.015-.002-.015-.002-.016-.006-.03-.01-.03-.017-.382-.14-.736-.067-.978.412-.65 1.31-.58 4.35-.608 6.623l-.014.927c-.044 3.034-1.942 3.848-3.046 3.848-.553 0-1.02-.1-1.432-.317-.268-.11-.48-.11-.623-.08-.1.006-.213-.033-.213-.2M130 33.46c-.043-.36-.596-.578-1.22-.62-.65-.05-1.345.115-1.686.368-.354.25-.44.71-.283 1.094.143.345.426.54.638.523.227-.02.355-.042.568-.226.212-.185.61-.398 1.12-.398.325 0 .962.038.863-.743" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M133.243 39.586c.142.02.297.048.496.155.042.036.212.182.382.294.198.126.425.217.666.226.212.007.282-.025.51-.083.184-.052.326.01.41.12.07.09.114.247.085.402-.028.242-.112.442-.198.568-.213.342-.213.697-.198 1.074.028 1.018.1 1.744-.14 1.872-.2.095-.385-.122-.64-.137-.325-.02-.282.67-.383.477-.084-.156-.253-.123-.24.064.014.184.255.494.695.54.395.045 1.032-.105 1.16-.77.07-.31.142-.82.114-1.616-.015-.92-.043-1.47.042-1.862.07-.388.383-1.346-.31-1.52-.2-.054-.398.035-.54.12-.128.083-.254.115-.51.002-.24-.116-.624-.194-1.048-.197.07-.132.113-.32.17-.565.213-.975.184-2.85.014-3.774-.043-.184-.184-.232-.383-.207-.255.03-.468.1-.568.23-.17.2-.14.357.1 1.116.254.82.325 1.582.298 2.275-.015.415-.072.718-.13.94-.026.1 0 .243.143.256" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M135.057 43.986c-.185-.094-.368-.152-.467-.146-.228.01-.34.19-.425.417 0 0 .084-.307.013-.51-.042-.11-.198-.345-.467-.384 0 0 .638.04.695-.31.057-.348.057-.82.057-.994-.03-.305-.297-.64-.425-.763-.114-.122-.184-.178-.482-.146-.297.037-1.147.344-1.728.286-.51-.05-.935-.362-.92-1.15.07.19.24.378.353.43 0 0 .142.316.425.41.31.103.637.045.736 0-.21-.02-.437-.342-.366-.368.253-.094.537-.197.82-.766.1-.206.284-.19.327-.19.34.036.624.23.894.52.155.168.325.342.368.54.042.167.113.286.24.367.115.07.553.154.496.43-.07.453-.014.87 0 1.338.015.46.07 1.098-.14.988" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M133.937 43.747c-.17-.293-.722-.316-.95-.283-.198.028-.58.19-.65.447 0 0 .142.102.17.33.013.19 0 .38.028.392.042.006.042 0 .07-.178.043-.232.128-.36.255-.482.128-.115.44-.148.384-.006-.057.14-.07.297-.057.442.028.224.183.413.226.246.057-.168.27-.414.567-.426 0 0 .1-.258-.043-.48M132.152 44.086c.155 0 .185.38.185.54 0 .153-.057.17-.114.202-.042.04-.156.143-.113.265.028.116.015.223-.127.116-.142-.102-.24-.414-.2-.605.03-.19.186-.52.37-.52M130.792 17.487l.043.932h.312l.042-.933h-.37M130.24 17.58l-.354.155.38.847.3-.123-.312-.85M129.432 18.014l-.284.27.667.655.24-.223-.595-.68M128.88 18.646l-.185.348.823.417.155-.283-.765-.465M128.554 19.47l-.057.39.92.093.057-.32-.892-.16M129.418 20.263h-.935v.375h.935v-.358M131.728 17.58l-.312.88.283.122.396-.847-.34-.14M132.55 17.994l-.624.723.227.222.68-.675-.27-.25M133.116 18.64l-.822.488.156.284.864-.427-.184-.326M133.456 19.47l-.95.164.043.32.963-.094-.057-.36M132.564 20.263v.375h.978v-.375h-.965M130.367 20.092c.043-.055.07-.052.07.04.015.134.086.28.2.335.155.073.268.226.268.384v.488c0 .24-.17.316-.34.316-.184 0-.438-.077-.438-.596 0-.453.098-.795.24-.966M129.66 19.876c.112.064.324.145.537.064.07-.028.114.003.057.072-.07.067-.27.387-.27.858v.197c0 .074-.055.046-.098.023-.085-.046-.34-.34-.34-.88 0-.45.113-.334.113-.334M131.614 20.092c-.043-.055-.07-.052-.084.04 0 .134-.085.28-.2.335-.155.073-.255.226-.255.384v.488c0 .24.157.316.34.316.172 0 .425-.077.425-.596 0-.453-.098-.795-.226-.966" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M130.99 20.19h.383c.043 0 .07-.037.07-.062v-.574c0-.033.03-.065.058-.065h.753c.027 0 .027-.04.027-.063-.198-.52-.708-.884-1.29-.884-.595 0-1.104.365-1.288.884-.015.023 0 .062.028.062h.75c.03 0 .057.03.057.064v.574c0 .025.03.06.057.06h.397" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M132.322 19.876c-.126.064-.34.145-.538.064-.084-.028-.127.003-.057.072.057.067.256.387.256.858v.197c.014.074.056.046.1.023.084-.046.353-.34.353-.88 0-.45-.114-.334-.114-.334M121.087 28.14c-.07.077-.764.778-.764.778l-.81-.814v1.562c.172.177.74.743.81.81.07-.077.764-.784.764-.784s.724.726.794.8c.072-.06.582-.58.794-.793v-1.56l-.793.794s-.707-.717-.793-.795" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M122.52 27.45c.04.04.097.076.154.1v-1.14l-.792.797s-.71-.72-.795-.797c-.07.077-.764.778-.764.778l-.808-.81v1.17c.057-.02.113-.054.155-.1 0 0 .142.32-.113.536.213.22.695.7.766.762.07-.077.764-.778.764-.778s.724.717.795.798c.056-.06.538-.54.764-.768-.284-.213-.127-.55-.127-.55" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M121.087 26.238s.724.72.794.795c.072-.062.582-.58.794-.79V26c-.438-.133-.538-.278-.538-.278s.084-.152.538-.287v-.753l-.793.795s-.707-.716-.793-.798c-.07.077-.764.78-.764.78l-.81-.813v.785c.456.138.54.29.54.29s-.114.145-.54.28v.204c.172.177.74.742.81.81.07-.078.764-.777.764-.777M121.087 22.778s.724.72.794.797c.072-.065.582-.58.794-.794v-1.558l-.793.794s-.707-.72-.793-.794c-.07.074-.764.778-.764.778l-.81-.81v1.555c.172.182.74.746.81.814.07-.078.764-.782.764-.782" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M122.462 24.008c-.043-.35.042-.533.212-.652v-.403l-.793.793s-.708-.716-.793-.796c-.07.08-.765.777-.765.777l-.807-.81v.436c.156.115.255.3.213.655 0 0-.072-.094-.213-.14v.608c.17.177.736.746.807.807l.765-.775s.723.72.794.798c.07-.06.582-.582.794-.798v-.636c-.14.045-.212.136-.212.136" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M128.115 25.263c-.157-.27-.553-.394-1.034-.254-.48.137-1.246.276-1.74.276-.513 0-.81-.1-.966-.326-.084-.152-.14-.384-.27-.6-.083-.15-.268-.284-.495-.365 0 0-.043-.633-.652-.58-.028.002-.057.01-.07.015-.2.048-.312.204-.312.345 0 0 .07-.097.24-.09.028 0 .056.01.085.02.128.054.185.244.114.368-.013.01-.042.05-.1.154-.098.175-.07.323-.027.414 0 0 .198-.136.397-.084 0 0-.07-.028-.086-.144-.028-.114.128-.168.242-.165.155.006.453.09.58.44.114.343.256.712.85.832.368.07.894.147 1.148.212.283.07.538.165.567.31.014.148-.2.274-.425.335-.2.06-.595.11-.865.11-.552 0-.92-.045-1.19.106-.1.06-.212.152-.27.227-.155.193-.297.26-.41.283-.14.032-.24-.057-.212-.174.028-.088.07-.118.07-.118-.24.03-.396-.083-.396-.083-.043.093-.057.228.028.377.028.042.086.135.086.135.085.142.057.36-.085.436-.028.01-.056.02-.085.026-.156.03-.254-.048-.254-.048.028.206.17.3.34.31.014.002.027.002.042.002.553-.003.722-.607.722-.607.2-.405.44-.528.58-.583.172-.055.37-.067.893.05.454.095.865.134 1.22.115 1.004-.06 1.43-.29 1.643-.616.212-.32.24-.807.1-1.063" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M122.845 26.038c-.03.042-.044.097-.03.197.016.168.2.378.554.378.38 0 .764-.26.764-.914 0-.663-.383-.92-.765-.92-.356 0-.54.205-.554.38-.015.084 0 .15.03.213.296 0 .537.13.537.323 0 .243-.227.368-.538.342M131.048 33.96v.184c0 .01.014.022.027.022h.312c.015 0 .015-.013.015-.022v-.327c0-.012 0-.022-.015-.022h-.312c-.013 0-.027.01-.027.022v.155l-.37.004v-.8l.37-.004v.21c0 .01.014.023.027.023h.312c.015 0 .015-.014.015-.024v-.324c0-.01 0-.023-.015-.023h-.312c-.013 0-.027.013-.027.023v.136h-.37v-.717h.37v.193c0 .017.014.027.027.027h.312c.015 0 .015-.01.015-.027v-.326c0-.01 0-.02-.015-.02h-.312c-.013 0-.027.01-.027.02v.16h-.37v-.495c0-.123.072-.22.13-.245l.04-.024v-.06h.2v.25c0 .008.014.02.027.02h.312c.015 0 .015-.012.015-.02v-.32c0-.018 0-.03-.015-.03h-.312c-.013 0-.027.012-.027.03v.085l-.2-.003v-.48s.993.213 1.573-.533c.044-.036.086 0 .086.077 0 .078-.027.445.284.504 0 0-.326.12-.496.352-.142.18-.256.5-.256 1.1v.778c0 .484-.07.963-.368.963-.65 0-.82.146-.82.146-.142 0-.17-.245-.17-.395v-.233l.368-.007M134.518 40.41c.213.077.44.08.637.02.213-.07.34-.04.412.037.043.078.028.317-.014.43-.057.138-.07.203-.156.32-.043.06-.128.06-.198.01-.115-.08-.17-.108-.257-.133-.07-.023-.184-.068-.226-.185-.043-.11-.156-.35-.227-.426-.07-.078-.043-.1.028-.075M126.74 34.56c.1.232.312.388.61.46.057.014.382-.024.452-.082 0 0-.51.49-.552 1.876 0 .21-.014.34 0 .54 0 .08.043.37-.282.253-.3-.116-.823-.27-1.163-.274-.624-.013-1.16.226-1.317.27-.198.062-.284.027-.326-.018-.114-.13.41-.523 1.46-.575.354-.016.722-.026.834-.035.142-.014.384-.082.497-.284.1-.168.1-.526.015-.89-.057-.288-.213-.904-.228-1.24M116.072 26.06c0 .09.44.26 1.204.2.184-.018.496 0 .624.043 0 0-.142-.36-.07-.69 0 0-.397.154-.625.196-.34.057-1.133.118-1.133.25M126.174 26.06c0 .09-.453.26-1.204.2-.2-.018-.51 0-.624.043 0 0 .128-.36.07-.69 0 0 .384.154.624.196.326.057 1.134.118 1.134.25" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> <path d="M123.355 36.097c-.07-.143-.327-.274-.455-.274 0 0-.013.002-.028.002-.155.007-.24.046-.367.148 0 0 .17.07.297.214.043.048.085.106.128.17 0 0 .155-.2.425-.26m-.483-1.744c.015.013.028.022.058.036.098.08.155.264.155.264s.142-.188.482-.21c-.157-.262-.438-.39-.58-.39-.03 0-.057.003-.087.006-.112.02-.226.074-.324.162 0 0 .127.003.296.13m.383.815c-.085-.15-.197-.28-.312-.323-.013-.016-.056-.026-.084-.033-.2-.037-.355.09-.355.163.142.036.24.11.31.188.085.078.128.152.128.152.128-.116.312-.145.312-.145m.1-.21c.127.125.112.196.112.196.355.014.596.29.596.29.07-.218.127-.553-.142-.75-.268-.194-.65-.023-.75.07-.1.094.043.062.185.194m-.34.594c.24.014.467.314.566.524.13-.046.582.2.525-.2-.042-.236-.255-.514-.51-.562-.27-.05-.552.068-.652.146-.07.048-.056.08.07.093m6.263-1.123c-.85 0-1.275.533-1.444.814-.37.595-.398 1.787-.37 2.086.043.417-.155.507-.268.524-.128.018-.297-.02-.44-.088-.51-.216-1.09-.3-1.67-.122-.2.055-.667.27-.936.19-.213-.064-.326-.21-.185-.44.227-.38 1.29-.625 2.04-.596.298.01.652-.007.766-.233.098-.17.084-.347-.1-1.138-.27-1.188-.072-1.798-.072-1.798-.226.23-.268.58-.268.858-.03.478.042 1.195.113 1.45.07.255.043.458-.354.553-.384.09-.724.138-1.135.067-.31-.055-.623-.494-.665-.736.014.083.014.316-.128.42-.114.077-.24.066-.397.028-.17-.038-.468-.06-.722.194-.24.252-.227.755-.1 1.02.128.275.412.645.92.645.54 0 1.56-.074 2.042-.05.524.025.78.086 1.104.11.184.012.453-.037.61.034.14.058.296.08.424-.003s.17-.28.142-.452c0 0-.114-.86-.057-1.65.027-.203.098-.32.353-.18.256.138.638.255.963.255.312 0 .68-.142.808-.858.057-.34-.128-.903-.978-.903m-9.96 1.398l-.042-.002c-.113 0-.368.13-.44.274.27.06.44.26.44.26.03-.064.07-.122.114-.17.127-.145.283-.214.283-.214-.113-.102-.197-.14-.353-.148m-.213-1.17s.057-.185.17-.266c.014-.015.03-.024.043-.037.17-.128.297-.13.297-.13-.1-.09-.212-.144-.326-.163-.028-.003-.056-.007-.084-.007-.142 0-.44.13-.568.39.326.023.468.21.468.21m.58.32c0-.074-.154-.2-.353-.162-.027.008-.056.018-.098.034-.1.043-.213.174-.298.323 0 0 .184.03.312.145 0 0 .042-.074.128-.15.07-.08.17-.153.31-.19m-.963.18s-.013-.07.115-.195c.142-.132.283-.1.184-.194-.086-.093-.482-.264-.752-.07-.27.197-.213.532-.142.75 0 0 .24-.276.595-.29m-.112.16c-.27.047-.482.325-.524.56-.056.4.397.155.524.2.086-.21.326-.51.567-.522.128-.013.142-.044.07-.092-.1-.078-.382-.195-.637-.146m-.184.952c-.156.038-.283.05-.396-.03-.142-.102-.142-.335-.128-.418-.043.242-.354.68-.68.736-.396.07-.737.022-1.12-.067-.396-.095-.424-.298-.353-.553.056-.255.142-.972.113-1.45 0-.277-.042-.628-.27-.858 0 0 .198.61-.07 1.798-.184.79-.198.968-.1 1.14.115.225.47.24.766.232.764-.03 1.813.216 2.04.597.14.23.028.376-.184.44-.27.08-.738-.135-.935-.19-.58-.178-1.163-.094-1.673.122-.14.068-.325.106-.44.088-.113-.017-.31-.107-.268-.524.03-.3 0-1.49-.368-2.085-.17-.28-.595-.813-1.444-.813-.85 0-1.036.563-.978.902.112.715.482.857.806.857.327 0 .71-.117.964-.255.255-.14.326-.023.34.18.072.79-.056 1.65-.056 1.65-.014.17.028.37.155.452.128.082.284.06.426.003.156-.07.425-.022.61-.035.34-.023.58-.084 1.105-.11.482-.023 1.487.05 2.04.05.51 0 .793-.37.92-.643.13-.267.157-.77-.1-1.022-.253-.254-.565-.232-.72-.194m2.663.523c-.07.078-.766.78-.766.78l-.807-.815v1.56c.17.176.737.744.807.81.07-.075.766-.775.766-.775s.723.717.793.79c.072-.058.582-.578.794-.79v-1.56l-.793.798s-.707-.72-.792-.798m1.246-.723c.03-.165.17-.274.34-.345v-.5c-.027-.03-.057-.053-.098-.07l-.695.704-.693-.707-.057-.054-.042-.035-.085.086c-.212.21-.68.69-.68.69l-.695-.693c-.042.02-.07.046-.113.082v.497c.17.07.312.18.34.344 0 0-.198.006-.34.195v.325c.17.173.737.745.807.806.07-.073.766-.774.766-.774s.723.72.793.795c.072-.06.582-.58.794-.794v-.365c-.155-.18-.34-.186-.34-.186m-2.52-1.736s-.157-.014-.3.074v.268c.2.058.313.23.34.41 0 0-.04-.003-.112.013l.057.048.48.485c.015.02.03.033.042.042.044-.045.312-.313.51-.523.014-.016.044-.03.057-.05.113-.118.198-.204.198-.204l.213.203.057.054.524.533c.044-.04.298-.3.525-.53.03-.02.043-.037.057-.055-.07-.018-.128-.016-.128-.016.03-.18.14-.35.34-.404V34.4c-.155-.086-.31-.072-.31-.072.027-.16.155-.275.31-.352v-.646l-.793.795s-.707-.72-.792-.795c-.07.075-.766.774-.766.774l-.807-.81v.678c.156.08.284.195.298.356m.51-.395c.07-.076.765-.777.765-.777s.723.72.793.794c.072-.058.582-.578.794-.79V31.6l-.793.79s-.707-.716-.792-.793c-.07.077-.766.78-.766.78l-.807-.81v1.557c.17.177.737.745.807.81" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> </g> </svg></a><a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/ungc" class="footer-logos__link"><svg width="63" height="79" viewbox="0 0 63 79" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <path id="a" d="M62.688 63.528V.195H.286v63.333h62.402z"></path> </defs> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill="#FFF" d="M7.43 71.524l-1.143 5.04h-.02l-1.305-5.04H3.826L2.51 76.536h-.02l-1.124-5.012H0l1.85 7.19h1.243l1.286-5.05h.02l1.285 5.05H6.92l1.857-7.19M9.614 71.524v7.16h5.012V77.51H10.95v-1.89h3.224v-1.174H10.95V72.7h3.636v-1.176M17.894 77.027l1.205-.472c.27.694.924 1.085 1.726 1.085.723 0 1.407-.282 1.407-.944 0-.532-.433-.773-.984-.933l-1.207-.292c-.953-.24-1.717-.672-1.717-1.937 0-1.346 1.175-2.13 2.56-2.13 1.197 0 2.06.392 2.52 1.467l-1.093.48c-.31-.6-.844-.822-1.536-.822-.584 0-1.146.26-1.146.903 0 .504.483.736 1.046.885l1.226.302c.853.2 1.636.713 1.636 1.99 0 1.315-1.175 2.188-2.752 2.188-1.315 0-2.52-.552-2.892-1.768M24.628 76.214v-4.69h1.336v4.53c0 .884.422 1.536 1.467 1.536.974 0 1.468-.512 1.468-1.537v-4.53h1.335v4.59c0 1.71-1.135 2.683-2.802 2.683s-2.802-.865-2.802-2.582M34.376 74.878c.774 0 1.286-.37 1.286-1.115 0-.844-.563-1.114-1.306-1.114H32.96v2.228h1.416zm-2.752-3.354h2.913c1.385 0 2.43.783 2.43 2.25 0 1.094-.733 2.23-2.36 2.23H32.96v2.68h-1.336v-7.16zM40.698 74.878c.774 0 1.286-.37 1.286-1.115 0-.844-.563-1.114-1.306-1.114h-1.395v2.228h1.415zm-2.752-3.354h2.913c1.385 0 2.43.783 2.43 2.25 0 1.094-.734 2.23-2.36 2.23h-1.647v2.68h-1.337v-7.16zM48.537 76.234v-2.29c0-.863-.743-1.356-1.586-1.356-.683 0-1.537.362-1.537 1.387v2.29c0 .863.744 1.355 1.587 1.355.683 0 1.537-.36 1.537-1.386m-4.45.1v-2.29c0-1.697 1.447-2.64 2.864-2.64 1.557 0 2.913 1.014 2.913 2.61v2.15c0 1.697-1.446 2.64-2.863 2.64-1.556 0-2.913-.873-2.913-2.47M53.795 74.878c.774 0 1.287-.37 1.287-1.115 0-.844-.564-1.114-1.308-1.114H52.46v2.228h1.335zm-2.672-3.354h2.832c1.346 0 2.432.783 2.432 2.25 0 .853-.453 1.737-1.417 2.08l1.778 2.83h-1.456l-1.678-2.68H52.46v2.68h-1.337v-7.16zM59.154 72.668h-2.06v-1.144h5.445v1.144h-2.06v6.016h-1.326M11.623 31.198c0 10.65 9.044 19.93 19.482 19.93-.013-.172-.132-2.5-.132-2.5-.012-.26-.073-.343-.393-.38 0 0-4.555-.35-6.05-1.115-.06-.042-.027-.1.052-.08 0 0 3.074.524 5.993.526 0 0 .33.017.33-.35 0-.33-.13-7.558-.13-7.558-.02-.544-.105-.633-.63-.677-3.17-.15-6.263-.822-8.947-1.945-.072-.024-.106-.035-.14-.015-.06.027-.06.143-.06.143-.24 3.34.136 6.613.136 6.613.014.057-.008.084-.06.087-.06.012-.074-.057-.074-.057-.48-1.798-.715-3.764-.722-5.846 0-.153.015-.998.015-.998 0-.224-.09-.366-.296-.468-1.28-.627-2.404-1.418-3.412-2.222 0 0-.073-.066-.01-.134.05-.045.11-.01.11-.01 1.04.673 2.23 1.235 3.468 1.743l.14.008c.07-.047.07-.148.082-.308.194-3.088 1.033-6.357 2.226-9.454.026-.068.038-.123.038-.162-.004-.095-.048-.15-.22-.23-1.95-.86-3.453-2.023-4.42-3.293 0 0-.06-.072 0-.126.057-.05.123.012.123.012 1.098 1.077 2.73 1.974 4.597 2.67.08.03.14.046.187.046.08 0 .144-.05.276-.327 1.26-2.923 2.914-5.665 4.78-7.947-1.57-.38-3.177-1.226-3.577-2.156 0 0-.05-.1.022-.14.09-.046.153.055.153.055 1.75 1.896 6.826 1.77 6.826 1.77 2.12 0 6.523-.744 6.523-2.524 0-1.618-2.334-2.46-6.576-2.517-12.835 0-19.707 11.113-19.707 19.938M39.33 13.654c0 .51-.236 1.025-.686 1.544 2.23 1.29 4.12 2.837 5.75 4.725 0 0 .26.327.408.314.11-.014.197-.273.197-.273.346-.89.41-2.112.038-3.01-.35-.83-1.467-1.67-1.467-1.67-1.69-1.317-3.597-2.147-4.49-2.497.164.278.25.57.25.867m-3.913 3.142c1.723 2.075 3.214 4.466 4.45 7.127.122.265.205.416.298.438.114.044.285-.035.414-.108 1.192-.634 2.295-1.402 3.01-2.125.152-.153.214-.29.214-.438 0-.156-.072-.33-.234-.564-1.618-2.234-3.53-4.026-5.615-5.353-.594.4-1.537.776-2.538 1.023M23.855 24.96c-.123.265-.067.346-.067.346.03.056.118.085.118.085 1.495.494 4.368.973 6.377.973.223 0 .35-.045.43-.117.083-.078.138-.24.142-.514.053-2.78.127-5.675.296-8.51-.862-.015-1.913-.167-2.647-.318-1.86 2.392-3.403 5.075-4.648 8.056m7.798-7.734c.087 2.9.157 5.78.2 8.554 0 .247.044.388.123.453.056.053.18.085.32.085 1.903 0 4.622-.586 6.19-1.17.152-.06.25-.1.3-.236.05-.133-.07-.407-.07-.407-1.172-2.872-2.605-5.486-4.1-7.533-.807.147-2.394.26-2.963.254m14.968 1.442c0 .765-.173 1.547-.522 2.352-.128.297-.177.482-.177.627 0 .155.07.254.167.438 0 0 2 2.755 3.15 7.28 1.258-2.194 1.258-3.992 1.258-3.992 0-.113-.012-.212-.02-.284-.583-2.504-1.887-4.875-3.9-7.048.034.21.046.414.046.626m-2.187 4.568c-.84.85-1.95 1.612-3.304 2.255-.304.16-.374.28-.374.415 0 .097.038.21.095.35 1.013 2.652 1.702 5.356 2.04 8.042 0 0 .047.518.175.625.11.096.483-.13.515-.148 1.544-.924 2.982-2.092 3.806-2.914.327-.327.447-.563.447-.922 0-.183-.034-.4-.1-.67-.62-2.493-1.546-4.837-2.767-6.972-.102-.17-.19-.24-.24-.24h-.02c-.054 0-.15.053-.273.18m-21.136 3.14c-1.837 4.612-2.204 9.59-2.204 9.59-.02.233.04.278.202.352 0 0 3.896 1.483 8.886 1.483 0 0 .347-.01.44-.1.127-.127.14-.222.135-.62.015-2.46.062-8.96.062-8.96 0-.414-.208-.623-.568-.647-2.326-.11-4.597-.538-6.566-1.233-.1-.034-.172-.055-.214-.055-.07.005-.114.03-.173.19m15.65.008c-1.98.658-4.166 1.03-6.484 1.11-.44.016-.582.32-.58.64.014 1.426.046 3.668.046 6.688v2.533s-.01.236.086.34c.06.06.175.08.333.072 1.387-.07 4.954-.32 8.55-1.713.487-.187.596-.417.598-.786 0-.096-.002-.198-.02-.3-.356-2.744-1.012-5.513-1.94-8.24-.124-.36-.188-.417-.295-.417-.065 0-.158.02-.297.073m11.21 4.352c-.357.593-.492 1-.453 1.406.115 1.334.12 2.516.12 2.516 0 1.37-.136 2.71-.393 3.98 1.106-1.912 2.003-4.674 2.003-7.887 0-.9-.068-1.83-.227-2.79-.193.947-.508 1.903-1.05 2.775M48.22 33.29c-.88.875-2.5 2.08-4.4 3.044-.614.318-.678.545-.687 1.074.032 3.058-.337 5.42-1 7.41 0 0-.055.14.125.05.174-.09 2.952-1.416 4.848-3.336.646-.623 1.14-1.588 1.244-2.575.376-3.39-.062-5.662-.062-5.662-.004-.024-.013-.032-.024-.032-.02 0-.045.028-.045.028m-7.147 4.198c-2.654.943-5.552 1.44-8.6 1.53-.577.038-.544.173-.576.626-.022 2.683-.08 5.213-.15 7.51 0 0-.02.234.063.32.073.072.3.06.3.06 3.03-.197 5.903-.847 8.54-1.922.392-.168.455-.4.564-.84.717-2.886.542-6.75.542-6.75s.01-.473-.157-.582c-.038-.028-.09-.037-.147-.037-.17 0-.38.085-.38.085m.988 8.733c-.35.147-.662.563-.825.896-.35.728-.764 1.416-1.215 2.058 2.368-1.18 5.07-3.482 6.893-5.846-1.414 1.14-3.038 2.116-4.852 2.893m-1.59.647c-.055 0-.148.022-.374.088-3.314 1.05-6.2 1.302-8.052 1.322-.26.012-.33.084-.352.392l-.146 2.452s3.73.086 7.552-1.52c.522-.71.98-1.526 1.352-2.425.043-.096.075-.18.082-.258.002-.048-.032-.054-.05-.054h-.01"></path> <g transform="translate(0 -.182)"> <mask id="b" fill="#fff"> <use xlink:href="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/about/riba-library-and-collections#a"></use> </mask> <path d="M43.116 5.202c-.586 1.305-.403 2.393.352 2.792.734.384 1.717-.154 2.404-1.374.638-1.17.58-2.27-.343-2.75-.978-.513-1.832.058-2.414 1.332zm-1.03-.282c.728-1.57 2.176-2.148 3.73-1.34 1.445.734 1.77 2.085 1.037 3.415-.792 1.454-2.264 2.048-3.707 1.326-1.316-.657-1.708-2.002-1.06-3.4zm20.09 24.6l-4.34.323-.212.882-.214.017c-.046-1.41-.21-2.732-.21-2.732l.222-.016.336.84 4.342-.332-.1-1.104-1.116-.305-.025-.312 1.483-.11s.34 2.34.345 4.63l-1.473.11-.025-.32 1.057-.48-.07-1.09zm-4.93-3.727l1.156.12.09.332-1.264.27-.062-.107c-.362-.648-.54-1.013-.662-1.466-.44-1.578.262-2.696 1.823-3.21 1.64-.545 2.99.296 3.457 2.026.13.47.188 1.046.193 1.69l-1.28.332-.085-.338.926-.647c0-.136-.024-.306-.073-.486-.405-1.47-1.483-2.033-2.834-1.573-1.32.446-1.923 1.33-1.584 2.572.05.177.11.28.19.46l.01.023zm-.786-7.784l.59 1.21 1.365-1.342-1.955.13zm-.404.048l-1.618.12.025.66-.206.1c-.405-.747-.893-1.538-.893-1.538l.2-.113.514.426 5.364-.3.19.425-3.606 3.807.02.657-.2.095c-.434-1.073-.86-2.057-.86-2.057l.197-.1.515.412 1.084-1.15-.726-1.444zm-1.686-3.603c.253.35.424.482.676.544.333.074.716.027 1.05-.218.308-.233.495-.488.538-.783.04-.285-.015-.5-.252-.806l-.313-.39-1.854 1.454.154.197zm-.427.004l-1.347 1.022.17.697-.174.128c-.676-.912-1.41-1.838-1.41-1.838l.176-.13.597.34 3.354-2.623-.156-.677.183-.13 1.384 1.796c.466.625.612 1.006.62 1.45 0 .446-.197.83-.582 1.113-.79.57-1.77.283-2.493-.706l-.322-.445zm-4.41-3.87l3.628-1.653 1.185 1.196-.145.165-.69-.23-2.98 3.06.336.654-.153.166c-.785-.8-1.567-1.55-1.567-1.55l.143-.18.655.215 2.393-2.547-3.992 1.8-.146-.133 1.2-4.226-2.183 2.736.3.628-.15.168-1.51-1.09.142-.164.68.218 2.73-3.3-.317-.644.15-.167 1.387 1.022-1.097 3.858zM39.64 6.32l.68-.927.34.093-.4 1.223-.127-.002c-.743-.015-1.146-.057-1.6-.186-1.545-.422-2.222-1.63-1.862-3.204.368-1.648 1.533-2.424 3.522-1.962.47.11.95.337 1.503.653l-.343 1.253-.343-.076-.088-1.136s-.178-.09-.407-.155c-1.692-.45-2.533.38-2.823 1.667-.306 1.337.237 2.346 1.433 2.674.178.045.295.073.514.083zm-8.89-1.31L30.79.72l-.66-.284.006-.218C31.356.178 32.478.2 32.478.2v.214l-.667.273-.05 4.41 1.24.028.506-.96.325.004-.13 1.365s-1.994-.088-3.622-.042l.004-.215.667-.27zm-5.184-1.307l1.33-.242-.923-1.677-.407 1.92zM25.5 4.1l-.3 1.6.65.163.042.215-1.73.407-.037-.21.53-.37 1.187-5.24.386-.066 2.72 4.51.636.163.035.22-2.263.308-.038-.21.542-.385-.78-1.407L25.5 4.1zm-4.11 3.056l.28-.134c.42-.167.593-.295.738-.552.13-.264.138-.55.013-.87-.257-.648-.79-.856-1.5-.578l-.367.163.837 1.97zm-.958-2.305l.32-.14c.586-.237.854-.79.615-1.386-.234-.6-.7-.814-1.3-.564l-.44.212.805 1.88zm-.023 2.613l-1.694-3.965-.718-.018-.082-.202 2.393-.997c.563-.226.923-.253 1.303-.116.334.118.572.347.696.67.266.667-.1 1.32-.954 1.784 1.04-.373 1.745-.158 2.05.612.157.403.104.856-.13 1.194-.23.35-.57.576-1.244.847l-2.055.9-.078-.204.51-.503zm-5.858.884c.834 1.167 1.87 1.56 2.593 1.103.7-.444.726-1.563.013-2.77-.685-1.147-1.673-1.642-2.544-1.087-.93.596-.872 1.615-.062 2.754zm-.76.747c-.987-1.41-.765-2.956.71-3.902 1.37-.87 2.695-.464 3.482.83.86 1.417.63 2.985-.718 3.86-1.23.813-2.597.472-3.475-.788zm-1.5 4.226L9.27 10.263l-.667.265-.158-.156 1.68-1.64.16.148-.276.667 3.07 3.13.96-.936-.332-1.028.235-.238.868 1.053s-1.318 1.254-2.633 2.61l-.154-.16.273-.657zm-2.172.578l1.192.866c-.284.725-.49 1.17-.787 1.59-.968 1.375-2.35 1.635-3.704.677-1.374-.96-1.813-2.345-.622-3.983.26-.366.648-.747 1.156-1.218l.103-.088 1.052.76-.23.324-1.05-.29c-.14.088-.252.202-.358.33-1.022 1.28-.703 2.437.55 3.31 1.12.777 2.268.616 2.99-.425.133-.196.152-.325.152-.325l-1.036-.743-.618.382-.18-.123 1.362-1.863.183.118-.155.703zm-7.485 9.276L6.08 24.3c.152-.172.307-.342.46-.515l.21.07c-.19.572-.377 1.145-.56 1.72-.07-.02-.138-.044-.21-.067l-.06-.717c-1.354-.435-2.71-.872-4.064-1.31-.16.192-.317.384-.474.577-.07-.022-.14-.045-.212-.066.163-.514.33-1.028.498-1.54 1.424-.52 2.846-1.01 4.27-1.468-.96-.344-1.923-.687-2.884-1.03-.16.173-.32.347-.478.522l-.21-.073c.21-.592.42-1.183.64-1.773.068.025.137.052.206.076.007.25.013.498.022.746l4.558 1.648c-.047.127-.09.253-.137.38-1.675.524-3.348 1.088-5.02 1.696zM.925 29.44l3.185.284c.85.076 1.28-.258 1.36-1.063.038-.377-.01-.677-.144-.908-.194-.325-.487-.47-1.07-.532-1.023-.114-2.05-.23-3.075-.343-.115.22-.232.44-.348.658-.072-.007-.146-.014-.22-.023.07-.67.147-1.334.23-2.004.072.01.146.02.218.027l.19.73c.978.112 1.957.227 2.935.34.737.087 1.166.344 1.444.845.224.416.308.892.25 1.475-.12 1.262-.78 1.915-1.85 1.83-1.064-.086-2.13-.17-3.195-.255l-.33.675c-.073-.005-.145-.012-.22-.015.06-.808.128-1.615.206-2.42.074.005.146.012.22.02.07.227.143.454.215.68zm56.86 17.41c3.598-3.068 2.072-9.207 2.072-9.207-.413 1.955-2.566 5.522-3.08 6.616-.658 1.392-.884 3.012-1.043 3.67-.16.66-.322 1.193-.322 1.193.26-.372 1.682-1.688 2.372-2.272zM43.98 58.96c-3.496-1.426-7.142-3.233-11.36-2.373-.48.087-.866.188-1.284.188-.42 0-.8-.1-1.277-.188-4.225-.86-7.867.947-11.363 2.372-2.613.957-6.032.803-8.33-.68 1.133 1.33 2.657 2.16 4.227 2.716 2.92 1.085 6.386.344 8.8-1.233 2.07-1.09 3.856-3.233 6.58-2.423-2.78 1.213-5.31 2.903-7.61 5.078l1.437 1.11s2.7-3.624 7.538-5.803c4.84 2.18 7.538 5.803 7.538 5.803l1.442-1.11c-2.3-2.175-4.84-3.865-7.616-5.078 2.726-.81 4.51 1.334 6.58 2.423 2.42 1.577 5.883 2.318 8.804 1.233 1.568-.555 3.09-1.387 4.225-2.715-2.297 1.483-5.714 1.637-8.328.68zm5.59-4.442c2.27-.89 4.91-.702 6.93-2.3 2.125-1.68 4.145-4.29 4.554-7.26-1.512 4.04-5.29 4.376-7.825 6.838-.466.485-.95.908-1.477 1.2l-.03-.036c.58-.62 1.257-1.334 1.663-2.137 1.484-2.443.96-5.864 2.07-8.494-1.01 1.435-1.925 2.915-2.533 4.538-.904 2.65-1.256 5.643-3.35 7.65zM5.222 46.85c.686.585 2.107 1.9 2.368 2.273 0 0-.16-.533-.32-1.194-.162-.658-.385-2.278-1.04-3.67-.517-1.095-2.67-4.662-3.08-6.617 0 0-1.527 6.14 2.07 9.208zm43.667 11.253c2.81 0 7.104-1.405 9.185-5.18 0 0-1.817 2.687-8.853 2.687-1.76 0-5.02.68-5.02.68-.365.083-.535-.008-.535-.008s.21-.11 1.208-.35c1.15-.283 2.47-.963 3.282-2.162 1.175-1.72 2.575-4.578 2.882-4.773-2.457 1.525-4.154 3.404-6.373 5.256-1.69 1.404-3.346 1.762-5.315 2.2 0 0 .243.11.576.11 1.927 0 4.95 1.54 8.96 1.54zm-25.81-1.54c.332 0 .575-.11.575-.11-1.967-.438-3.623-.796-5.306-2.2-2.227-1.852-3.923-3.73-6.377-5.256.303.195 1.708 3.054 2.88 4.773.813 1.2 2.133 1.88 3.284 2.162.995.24 1.202.35 1.202.35s-.168.09-.524.01c0 0-3.266-.682-5.032-.682-7.034 0-8.855-2.686-8.855-2.686 2.08 3.774 6.372 5.18 9.19 5.18 4.008 0 7.033-1.542 8.96-1.542zM1.95 44.958c1.51 4.037 5.285 4.374 7.822 6.836.467.485.955.908 1.48 1.2l.033-.036c-.588-.62-1.264-1.334-1.668-2.137-1.483-2.443-.958-5.864-2.07-8.494 1.005 1.435 1.923 2.915 2.538 4.538.903 2.65 1.253 5.643 3.35 7.65-2.27-.89-4.916-.702-6.935-2.3-2.124-1.68-4.142-4.29-4.55-7.26z" fill="#FFF" mask="url(#b)"></path> </g> </g> </svg></a> </div>  <ul class="social-links"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://twitter.com/riba" class="social-links__link"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/Svg/sm-twitter.svg" alt="twitter"/> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.facebook.com/RIBAarchitecture" class="social-links__link" target="_blank"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/Svg/sm-facebook.svg" alt="Facebook"/> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.instagram.com/riba/" class="social-links__link"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/Svg/sm-instagram.svg" alt="Instagram"/> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.linkedin.com/company/riba" class="social-links__link" target="_blank"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/Svg/sm-linkedin.svg" alt="Linkedin"/> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/https://www.youtube.com/user/ribaarchitecture" class="social-links__link" target="_blank"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/Svg/sm-youtube.svg" alt="Youtube"/> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/http://riba.msgfocus.com/k/Riba/riba_enews_preference_centre" class="social-links__link social-links__link--last"> <img src="/web/20201021050648im_/https://www.architecture.com/images/Svg/sm-email.svg" alt="Youtube"/> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="footer__container">  <div class="footer-policies"> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/cookie-statement" class="footer-policies__link">Cookie statement</a> <span class="footer-policies__separator">|</span> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/privacy-policy" class="footer-policies__link" target="_blank">Privacy policy</a> <span class="footer-policies__separator">|</span> <a href="/web/20201021050648/https://www.architecture.com/about/terms-of-use" class="footer-policies__link">Terms of use</a> </div> <div class="organisation-details"> 66 Portland Place, London, W1B 1AD | +44(0)20 7580 5533聽| <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201021050648/mailto:info@riba.org">info@riba.org</a> | Registered Charity No. 210 566. Incorporated by Royal Charter No. RC000484 | © RIBA 2020 </div>  </div>  </div> <script src="/web/20201021050648js_/https://www.architecture.com/js/app.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/20201021050648js_/https://www.architecture.com/js/form.bundle.min.js"></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

The RIBA Collections