CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "www.loc.gov",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '92b4503af993fd74',cH: 'TdBTnp3rjUK8IFy0RojyN62dZiifiMPJn2Zp0JdDa.s-1743806488-1.2.1.1-HoJLCjvd1VKlSMUdZNuZbDFrliQGbCIWNp_6e88cKMYOG9G3eORi2ks.44IXroJy',cUPMDTk: "\/collections\/world-digital-library\/about-this-collection\/?__cf_chl_tk=8F1mpSo6VP1BaFaradr8i9uWSDJa1oMhHfLD8pMsAr0-1743806488-1.0.1.1-WOu0Kvh1ODIiVzX9wnta_bwryh0CYMRu_nz_sLf7NtY",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1743806488',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/collections\/world-digital-library\/about-this-collection\/?__cf_chl_f_tk=8F1mpSo6VP1BaFaradr8i9uWSDJa1oMhHfLD8pMsAr0-1743806488-1.0.1.1-WOu0Kvh1ODIiVzX9wnta_bwryh0CYMRu_nz_sLf7NtY",md: "bhKUfQ6.HueIs5qyjx2dC6DYuQD1j7BSVEHSrcb9sPk-1743806488-1.2.1.1-v6K7aVX_RFs8M9upahS1wAJbjhh1JMLoTf4zG6owzrGrQAzeIcv.meo6oemQapiWCjQQVUxGoTcjq9QNPZUA9F1RQOlYZSnolznQsosNBFZ8iJdKJTtqKf6dohSn7Nc7_yN3.WfMxzbQLHee6LdT6eQ0x82PU5632RQWNfz2ONSAVLU2ywTRRrUfpkPOtNh8YYGKKwghhbL51hPdzmgCDzODRcTnXJ.XWgTRe8sJmPXbjeVKF6WZrB.vM1LY2Jss.NUdjCgSd3W645otk8gMEo5IFBYztcxyNhL10NiLxDcuUAYfTJs5vOuYfoXm6P.ojp1JAMpU1W717jGyzgltChPPrAyd1ahPr_F3d8QN3JzqFWtQj67Aya3A2nkABgTPchxhxepWVSYA548lHDRbDemAjT.B9VDYqj6xCfqqui8aQvxubQOBWCwiGuyRbUTDpOB677xnXWbYdT.hB1YAVau09aOaSsxMFJA3Ib9Vp7m7jFNrLu4Rk4Lvt_gbnaH2k0QhmA5rToNTpXUQQi35_dAURGcYRRg2N6G4GStbNOguLf3WHF0wvzpoucLsPJVF9wwCVTvy8iyapEAaW_qJbLNJkkIt0GaqQYfmuoAdONyVdZUdKHFe0.RFE6yQ9EUEl72_.MoHCCTevx7YF3O8vix7iXFbE44H3ahE84LJGepl5UVhUt_rctbWGsg8WT2fH5lsDRREI6prckUmKbItL.DsAqjzpRsaEJufh6S.PWQrbA4Bjo61JH2iGrCczGENqQXIi8HMMayei8V.qjgs_ITzUKLQwwSz3OjZ_P.Sxu7..hFp0A9utBTvZlcIpUE4g6Vh.ZmSFHxO0JJFLQOwqZDmXkbcfe1RsQ4tDG.lq7kBt0F_bTiKFSL6uGom6eXla4Qxk1xyL79SpbKKqaDzEDuI4wn3P3EjPq_1ywFW.22rICSqOirKM_7ey_TZpCtkXm2GkMQQxbZwVUHuAwFYJAWkPyG_T3DTKBEyd9T3fTx5r0x4fbA6YeWbM1mdSsoHN6qq2zLo6S6sdmN04_Vhe_s0ItLnVOdpzWod73MeIGtAWBbCDlCXipSbLM79eqmGRVkqoMWQqoeYHYo_0btPHWMNaV7RGDgSnyiLUMxFk1mab5v.RgVNf4e2j5yzJr0eBHs4Ak1kFK7hqFsctnomjkyShIF.UAe5tUGWcJsY7iTa2N2EONiQ_BIIXswUXYS0",mdrd: "uJY59FeyEHmJx93BCJ5nFqZ5JHWZUJ7QKpWcSqyM13w-1743806488-1.2.1.1-C1QHCBfwWHvl.yutMER30Sz2xDidyHTkjCDRzzsgnGjYRDwRMfT.Tth1wv8OGTtUfVPL7SaaABpYwzD21q0nnH2uEncSwBXSREKinoKQcOuE4R6sRtr03PVagCaTLupVLpmPMvHjsmoo.lkziJ1RTaxO71Hn2UiQVH33hrVivssDgBzT3aNZhkO0OCwY2wPVoh.p9kJG7x1Yqg.gc_A8ei85Rxu72eh6u78QXgNEXPIuUB_pKxvXI8k0u0zJ8v12E98zfZHuqaHO8iup7BHXNCRiX_ptpWIpzmQ3TbsGNEneW0G2e_Ll3iq04R9dLU_zGL3ocRz1AUtFK4ryM2nZtj.I8b_u2hHTAB292YimlHdLh.Vhl0VibIEjuboIscqzjkJG2wfH61p8bt_kd3pknwEbkE2z33ZcLVw1iTXaHxCJ_e7Hcut40Zpn0sXgKm2qABpTymGJPsTOpYkEjbZbMeJgrAAM0xfy2jBDCBzMhSr8Wm6HmlNkGIV7tdwtYxsFXbeuZ2c6cleeKKKQOTJ9bEJru5QQ8p6sDlH.CklB89H3s03Qs8dRbzGFDnXuJX3F7wCLDKMc5gQPAHh7rOYUshMm7btrqz4O4aAmtG0VUCEI3yq_CS4N03VcWSWGqMiMmZ1yMbSlyAC8uE4ex33ODF83GgRXQShTwI8K2wFCsvwxDlmJfzi6BhU0O2nRT7na6Tl_ONxrToZZsoIVGfhotu71CejUJ3OVn11pHP_eyC_my7Z_rb4Po0pTfA0AeX_vIiIgjVG1SatPqVtMlas_zL4nJ_6h8.heHwa5__U1LuftaxKtopPr_znxgDS6MqXkdH5.WyPUODUwfiOj2kdWM4sGeAMp7tltjg1EoJhkuWcfk5xmAi_J1bZd2PgJQYOh1._ToZ5MDGG.K2GmA_jVHJrTJYLotb894uRCNo_J9CLfvrkA3WiIpKhRkjwT5ghtZQi38uFH9E_UTMyVp1Wia6fvBUdK2oDgWoH_Ebh5Uva8M828aDc9udsc8LxuBAIyk9NoPCGtgn2.qhg601brKjWqeuf5RVjMPltTnihS5FwZLij_6AM_QQvBVVb_dZbRwtG6kBafbl7Y01LaTVG8tuK4E0BtuhCpON3dIski9bdzNJROReFCZfQYE0xn84B6.17RKZ7fvvrkRDwlll9ywVD3SLn8Mw1fw_gfptS4_j0nE1wqvQkbY0pOqYwq.Je8dbIymehI7agai7V0cbAizDl6awMKiUkWgM3Wv.ywN9trHBS4R2s8yxlrQfZM.LniJ6rrEJG8LP4tRxc8neyZn_HYOBSlDyXdFO4RyZTDhfAerZG5vGDdeTxpdE.otbDr77ATiqnvgBl_e48CvRyH6yEfvcOdJHJfTAbFLp3km._Qthi7yYcUPkP9hP0jK8VD9y1l6rpzAyJYyHaHkkOXoxC.ZQ.VJPs60TiZ8GRdB7moN_yHCwHnIKncPRLA_fwfVi8bJd2.s7dBXP6Qmne8sgUZ4sUlsIl_GnQ4O9hpE97a.YMg62hknNMx9ScL4HTWGPfffSbHr9UlKlYFXLSb8NYNcnYhzPp3qvBWFDYcb.Hyp_tzgvLMZfuEG6ZPgJ1Y6pmTDxfzYeOsaA3HOfiodBZ.zI1OuLZCrNXLp6TnpZoV1obQqwNoMteDByzxP1c9HB6Cguy1dJJbeQngHZp1Uhd93h_9nvop2bk_ElGge2uAkUXl9Mud4jQF16CXVMCoLIGu1zux.TENzymY4IOypcVC1nfhuJWwfbmuNr2L_Zkhf7urdgVLyr6x_HOJL2qQ92ijG6A3lbxbVHD52VXcEla92haf4CfDvzn8fylWw4DainPdB3JFbvOZkoUvxOK1oxni6wz7ORBWp5MUsrOU1oTDmQrzUWisR5QL5FjJcFCnPIIKjLhFYIOX0THKmJFQE474yuCc5BvgBU5ufxh.CLQCQRKEWTQBgZ0qPFp5VV_40RK2Yuz_Ozt8UlKfNWt2p1UzOGcUQWxrBBcxC9LM7zycN9Upp4dF09275PxzZo1xxHmW_jWS2TAAEhcGEw9wkH_ivZogl9e7y4Wwpf_R1g"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=92b4503af993fd74';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/collections\/world-digital-library\/about-this-collection\/?__cf_chl_rt_tk=8F1mpSo6VP1BaFaradr8i9uWSDJa1oMhHfLD8pMsAr0-1743806488-1.0.1.1-WOu0Kvh1ODIiVzX9wnta_bwryh0CYMRu_nz_sLf7NtY" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>