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Ramli</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Ridzuan Ramli"> <meta name="keywords" content="Ridzuan Ramli"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Ridzuan Ramli"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 45</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Ridzuan Ramli</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Fiber via Simultaneous Ultrasonic and Alkali Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridzuan%20Ramli">Ridzuan Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhafzan%20Junadi"> Norhafzan Junadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20D.H.%20Beg"> Mohammad D.H. Beg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20M.%20Yunus"> Rosli M. Yunus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) cellulose which was earlier isolated from oil palm EFB fibre. In order to isolate the cellulose, the chlorination method was carried out. Then, the MCC was prepared by simultaneous ultrasonic and alkali treatment from the isolated α-cellulose. Based on mass balance calculation, the yields for MCC obtained from EFB was 44%. For fiber characterization, it is observed that the chemical composition of the hemicellulose and lignin for all samples decreased while composition for cellulose increased. The structural property of the MCC was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method and the result shows that the MCC produced is a cellulose-I polymorph, with 73% crystallinity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20palm%20empty%20fruit%20bunch" title="oil palm empty fruit bunch">oil palm empty fruit bunch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcrystalline%20cellulose" title=" microcrystalline cellulose"> microcrystalline cellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic" title=" ultrasonic"> ultrasonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkali%20treatment" title=" alkali treatment"> alkali treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=x-ray%20diffraction" title=" x-ray diffraction"> x-ray diffraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17460/microcrystalline-cellulose-mcc-from-oil-palm-empty-fruit-bunch-efb-fiber-via-simultaneous-ultrasonic-and-alkali-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17460.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Oil Palm Fiber</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridzuan%20Ramli">Ridzuan Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zianor%20Azrina%20Zianon%20Abdin"> Zianor Azrina Zianon Abdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Dalour%20Beg"> Mohammad Dalour Beg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20M.%20Yunus"> Rosli M. Yunus </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) were produced by using the ultrasound assisted acid hydrolysis from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) pulp with different hydrolysis time then were analyzed by using FESEM and TGA as in comparison with EFB fiber and EFB pulp. Based on the FESEM analysis, it was found that NCC has a rod like shaped under the acid hydrolysis with an assistant of ultrasound. According to thermal stability, the NCC obtained show remarkable sign of high thermal stability compared to EFB fiber and EFB pulp. However, as the hydrolysis time increase, the thermal stability of NCC was deceased. As in conclusion, the NCC can be prepared by using ultrasound assisted acid hydrolysis. The NCC obtained have good thermal stability and have a great potential as the reinforcement in composite materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nanocrystalline%20cellulose" title="Nanocrystalline cellulose">Nanocrystalline cellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%20assisted%20acid%20hydrolysis" title=" ultrasound assisted acid hydrolysis"> ultrasound assisted acid hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20stability" title=" thermal stability"> thermal stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title=" morphology"> morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empty%20fruit%20bunch%20%28EFB%29" title=" empty fruit bunch (EFB)"> empty fruit bunch (EFB)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16060/nanocrystalline-cellulose-from-oil-palm-fiber" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">479</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Nanocellulose Incorporated Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20Mohd%20Yunus">Rosli Mohd Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zianor%20Azrina%20Zianon%20Abdin"> Zianor Azrina Zianon Abdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Dalour%20Hossen%20Beg"> Mohammad Dalour Hossen Beg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridzuan%20Ramli"> Ridzuan Ramli </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) has gained considerable interest as a promising biomaterial due to their outstanding properties such as high surface area, high mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The NCC also has good stability in water which is compatible for mixing of water based polymer solution or emulsions with NCC. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) contained different amount of lignocellulosic materials such as lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose. Cellulose is the most significant materials that can be extracted from EFB as nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). In this work the nanocrystalline cellulose were produced through acid hydrolysis together with ultrasound technique. The morphology of NCC was characterized by TEM, thermal behavior has been studied with DSC, TGA analysis. Structural properties were illustrated X-Ray diffraction as well as FTIR. The hydrogel was produced using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with different concentration of NCC. The hydrogel composite was characterized by swelling ratio, crosslinking density, mechanical properties and morphology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocellulose" title="nanocellulose">nanocellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20palm" title=" oil palm"> oil palm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogel" title=" hydrogel"> hydrogel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20treatment" title=" water treatment"> water treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49487/nanocellulose-incorporated-polyvinyl-alcohol-hydrogel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Thermal Effects of Disc Brake Rotor Design for Automotive Brake Application </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Shahril">K. Shahril</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ridzuan"> M. Ridzuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sabri"> M. Sabri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The disc rotor is solid, ventilated or drilled. The ventilated type disc rotor consists of a wider disc with cooling fins cast through the middle to ensure good cooling. The disc brakes use pads that are pressed axially against a rotor or disc. Solid and ventilated disc design are same which it free with any form, unless inside the ventilated disc has several ventilation holes. Different with drilled disc has some construction on the surface which is has six lines of drill hole penetrate the disc and a little bit deep twelve curves. From the thermal analysis that was conducted by using ANSYS Software, temperature distribution and heat transfer rate on the disc were obtained on each design. Temperature occurred on the drilled disc was lowest than ventilated and solid disc, it is 66% better than ventilated while ventilated is 21% good than solid disc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disc%20brakes" title="disc brakes">disc brakes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilled%20disc" title=" drilled disc"> drilled disc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20analysis" title=" thermal analysis"> thermal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANSYS%20software" title=" ANSYS software"> ANSYS software</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3338/thermal-effects-of-disc-brake-rotor-design-for-automotive-brake-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Islamic Geometric Design: Infinite Point or Creativity through Compass and Digital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridzuan%20Hussin">Ridzuan Hussin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zaihidee%20Arshad"> Mohd Zaihidee Arshad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The creativity of earlier artists and sculptors in designing geometric is extraordinary provided with only a compass. Indeed, geometric in Islamic art and design are unique and have their own aesthetic values. In order to further understand geometric, self-learning with the approach of hands on would be appropriate. For this study, Islamic themed geometric designed and created, concerning only; i. The Square Repetition Unit and √2, ii. The Hexagonal Repetition Unit and √3 and iii. Double Hexagon. The aim of this research is to evaluate the creativity of Islamic geometric pattern artworks, through Fundamental Arts and Gestalt theory. Data was collected using specific tasks, and this research intends to identify the difference of Islamic geometric between 21 untitled selected geometric artworks (conventional design method), and 25 digital untitled geometric pattern artworks method. The evaluation of creativity, colors, layout, pattern and unity is known to be of utmost importance, although there are differences in the conventional or the digital approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20geometric%20design" title="Islamic geometric design">Islamic geometric design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gestalt" title=" Gestalt"> Gestalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamentals%20of%20art" title=" fundamentals of art"> fundamentals of art</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patterns" title=" patterns"> patterns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59119/islamic-geometric-design-infinite-point-or-creativity-through-compass-and-digital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Generating Arabic Fonts Using Rational Cubic Ball Functions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fakharuddin%20Ibrahim">Fakharuddin Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaludin%20Md.%20Ali"> Jamaludin Md. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Ramli"> Ahmad Ramli </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we will discuss about the data interpolation by using the rational cubic Ball curve. To generate a curve with a better and satisfactory smoothness, the curve segments must be connected with a certain amount of continuity. The continuity that we will consider is of type G<sup>1</sup> continuity. The conditions considered are known as the G<sup>1</sup> Hermite condition. A simple application of the proposed method is to generate an Arabic font satisfying the required continuity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20interpolation" title="data interpolation">data interpolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rational%20ball%20curve" title=" rational ball curve"> rational ball curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hermite%20condition" title=" hermite condition"> hermite condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuity" title=" continuity"> continuity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44202/generating-arabic-fonts-using-rational-cubic-ball-functions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44202.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Contemporary Visual Art and Shariah: A Conceptual Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishak%20Ramli">Ishak Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Noorman%20Masrek"> Mohamad Noorman Masrek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Abdul%20Aziz%20Ab%20Gani"> Muhamad Abdul Aziz Ab Gani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Islam places restrictions and limitation to the creation and ownership of visual art. Not all forms of visual arts are permissible in Islam. However, guidance on the creation and ownership of visual arts is not made plain and clear not only to the Islamic followers but also to the art community. Given this gap, this study attempts to develop a conceptual framework that will guide artist and art collectors on what constitute to valid and acceptable through the Islamic perspective. Based on this framework, several research checklist are proposed. It is highly useful especially for the researchers who are interested to study the topic. Qualitative research is the best choice to test run the paper work to attempt all the checklist which are formed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contemporary%20visual%20art" title="contemporary visual art">contemporary visual art</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shariah" title=" Shariah"> Shariah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20framework" title=" conceptual framework"> conceptual framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islam" title=" Islam"> Islam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44579/contemporary-visual-art-and-shariah-a-conceptual-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44579.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Soil Mass Loss Reduction during Rainfalls by Reinforcing the Slopes with the Surficial Confinement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramli%20Nazir">Ramli Nazir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Moayedi"> Hossein Moayedi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soil confinement systems serve as effective solutions to any erosion control project. Various confinements systems, namely triangular, circular and rectangular with the size of 50, 100, and 150 mm, and with a depth of 10 mm, were embedded in soil samples at slope angle of 60°. The observed soil mass losses for the confined soil systems were much smaller than those from unconfined system. As a result, the size of confinement and rainfall intensity have a direct effect on the soil mass loss. The triangular and rectangular confinement systems showed the lowest and highest soil loss masses, respectively. The slopes also failed much faster in the unconfined system than in the confined slope. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erosion%20control" title="erosion control">erosion control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20confinement" title=" soil confinement"> soil confinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20erosion" title=" soil erosion"> soil erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20stability" title=" slope stability"> slope stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6822/soil-mass-loss-reduction-during-rainfalls-by-reinforcing-the-slopes-with-the-surficial-confinement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">842</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Rim Size Optimization Using Mathematical Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Tan">M. Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20N.%20Wan"> N. N. Wan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ramli"> N. Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20H.%20Hassan"> N. H. Hassan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Car drivers would always like to have custom wheel on their car for two reasons; to improve their car's aesthetic beauty and to improve their car handling. As the size of the rims or wheels played an important role in influencing the way of car handles around turns, this paper aims to present the optimality of rim size that drivers should have known while changing their rim. There are three factors that drivers should have considered while changing their rim: rim size, its weight and material of which they are made. Using mathematical analysis, this paper will focus on only one factor, which is rim size. Factors that are considered in calculating the optimum rim size are the vehicle rim radius, tire height and weight, and aspect ratio. This paper has found that there are limitations in percentage change in rim size from the original tire size. Failure to have the right offset size may cause problems in maneuvering the vehicle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20analysis" title="mathematical analysis">mathematical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20wheel%20size" title=" optimum wheel size"> optimum wheel size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percentage%20change" title=" percentage change"> percentage change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=custom%20wheel" title=" custom wheel"> custom wheel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8523/rim-size-optimization-using-mathematical-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8523.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> A Study on the Response of Vacuum Consolidation on Soft Clay in Combination with Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD), Embankment and Surcharge Preloading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharmeelee%20Subramaniam">Sharmeelee Subramaniam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhd%20Harris%20Ramli"> Muhd Harris Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fauziah%20Ahmad"> Fauziah Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The application of vacuum pressure to accelerate ground consolidation has been growing significantly in recent years. This ground improvement technique has its advantages, especially in areas where suitable fill is scarce, as it minimizes the surcharge fill height required for the preloading. A study was carried out to examine the response of soft subsoil subjected to vacuum consolidation in combination with embankment loading, surcharge preloading and PVD with two-way drainage. This paper shall describe a procedure to determine the optimum surcharge height and penetration depth of prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) where vacuum consolidation is combined with the use of PVD in soft clay deposits with two-way drainage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prefabricated%20vertical%20drain" title="prefabricated vertical drain">prefabricated vertical drain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20soil" title=" soft soil"> soft soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surcharge%20preload" title=" surcharge preload"> surcharge preload</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vacuum%20consolidation" title=" vacuum consolidation"> vacuum consolidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163568/a-study-on-the-response-of-vacuum-consolidation-on-soft-clay-in-combination-with-prefabricated-vertical-drain-pvd-embankment-and-surcharge-preloading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Fuzzy Logic and Control Strategies on a Sump</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20Mohamed%20Ramli">Nasser Mohamed Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Izzati%20Zulkifli"> Nurul Izzati Zulkifli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sump can be defined as a reservoir which contains slurry; a mixture of solid and liquid or water, in it. Sump system is an unsteady process owing to the level response. Sump level shall be monitored carefully by using a good controller to avoid overflow. The current conventional controllers would not be able to solve problems with large time delay and nonlinearities, Fuzzy Logic controller is tested to prove its ability in solving the listed problems of slurry sump. Therefore, in order to justify the effectiveness and reliability of these controllers, simulation of the sump system was created by using MATLAB and the results were compared. According to the result obtained, instead of Proportional-Integral (PI) and Proportional-Integral and Derivative (PID), Fuzzy Logic controller showed the best result by offering quick response of 0.32 s for step input and 5 s for pulse generator, by producing small Integral Absolute Error (IAE) values that are 0.66 and 0.36 respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy" title="fuzzy">fuzzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sump" title=" sump"> sump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level" title=" level"> level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controller" title=" controller"> controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75241/fuzzy-logic-and-control-strategies-on-a-sump" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Mechanical Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete with Three-Dimensional Steel Fibres</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeffri%20Ramli">Jeffri Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brabha%20Nagaratnam"> Brabha Nagaratnam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keerthan%20Poologanathan"> Keerthan Poologanathan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wai%20Ming%20Cheung"> Wai Ming Cheung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thadshajini%20Suntharalingham"> Thadshajini Suntharalingham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete (FRSCC) combines the benefits of SCC of high flowability and randomly dispersed short fibres together in one single concrete. Fibres prevent brittle behaviour and improve several mechanical properties of SCC. In this paper, an experimental investigation of the effect of three-dimensional (3D) fibres on the mechanical properties of SCC has been conducted. Seven SCC mixtures, namely SCC with no fibres as a reference mix, and six 3D steel fibre reinforced SCC mixes were prepared. Two different sizes of 3D steel fibres with perimeters of 115 mm and 220 mm at different fibre contents of 1%, 2%, and 3% (by cement weight) were considered. The mechanical characteristics were obtained through compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strength tests. The test results revealed that the addition of 3D fibres improves the mechanical properties of SCC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-compacting%20concrete" title="self-compacting concrete">self-compacting concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=three-dimensional%20steel%20fibres" title=" three-dimensional steel fibres"> three-dimensional steel fibres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=splitting%20tensile%20strength" title=" splitting tensile strength"> splitting tensile strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20strength" title=" flexural strength"> flexural strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130889/mechanical-properties-of-self-compacting-concrete-with-three-dimensional-steel-fibres" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Assessment of Bridge Performance with Laminated versus Spring Seismic Isolation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Z.%20Ramli">M. Z. Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Adnan"> A. Adnan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chee%20Wei%20Tan"> Chee Wei Tan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To gain a better understanding of earthquake forces on reinforced concrete bridge piers with different bearing condition, a series of experiments was conducted on a realistic, 1:4 scale reinforced concrete bridge pier. The normal practices of laminated seismic isolation bearing is compared with the new design spring seismic isolation bearing where invented by Engineering Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Research (e-SEER), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. The nonlinear behavior of piers is modeled using the fibre beam theory to verify the experimental works. The hysteresis of bridge pier with different bearing condition was illustrated under different Peak Ground Acceleration (PGAs). The average slope of the hysteresis respectively to the global stiffness was also investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bridge" title="bridge">bridge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminated%20seismic%20isolation" title=" laminated seismic isolation"> laminated seismic isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spring%20seismic%20isolation" title=" spring seismic isolation"> spring seismic isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peak%20Ground%20Acceleration" title=" Peak Ground Acceleration"> Peak Ground Acceleration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiffness" title=" stiffness"> stiffness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15807/assessment-of-bridge-performance-with-laminated-versus-spring-seismic-isolation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15807.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">560</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Modelling for Temperature Non-Isothermal Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Using Fuzzy Logic </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20Mohamed%20Ramli">Nasser Mohamed Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Syafiq%20Mohamad"> Mohamad Syafiq Mohamad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many types of controllers were applied on the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) unit to control the temperature. In this research paper, Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller are compared with Fuzzy Logic controller for temperature control of CSTR. The control system for temperature non-isothermal of a CSTR will produce a stable response curve to its set point temperature. A mathematical model of a CSTR using the most general operating condition was developed through a set of differential equations into S-function using MATLAB. The reactor model and S-function are developed using m.file. After developing the S-function of CSTR model, User-Defined functions are used to link to SIMULINK file. Results that are obtained from simulation and temperature control were better when using Fuzzy logic control compared to PID control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSTR" title="CSTR">CSTR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PID" title=" PID"> PID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56171/modelling-for-temperature-non-isothermal-continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-using-fuzzy-logic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> GIS Application in Surface Runoff Estimation for Upper Klang River Basin, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suzana%20Ramli">Suzana Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wardah%20Tahir"> Wardah Tahir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Estimation of surface runoff depth is a vital part in any rainfall-runoff modeling. It leads to stream flow calculation and later predicts flood occurrences. GIS (Geographic Information System) is an advanced and opposite tool used in simulating hydrological model due to its realistic application on topography. The paper discusses on calculation of surface runoff depth for two selected events by using GIS with Curve Number method for Upper Klang River basin. GIS enables maps intersection between soil type and land use that later produces curve number map. The results show good correlation between simulated and observed values with more than 0.7 of R2. Acceptable performance of statistical measurements namely mean error, absolute mean error, RMSE, and bias are also deduced in the paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20runoff" title="surface runoff">surface runoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system" title=" geographic information system"> geographic information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curve%20number%20method" title=" curve number method"> curve number method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4351/gis-application-in-surface-runoff-estimation-for-upper-klang-river-basin-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Governance Structure of Islamic Philanthropic Institution: Analysis of Corporate WAQF in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nathasa%20Mazna%20Ramli">Nathasa Mazna Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Husna%20Mohd%20Salleh"> Nurul Husna Mohd Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Aini%20Muhamed"> Nurul Aini Muhamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on the governance of an Islamic philanthropic institution in Malaysia. Specifically, the internal governance structure of corporate Islamic endowment, or waqf, is being analysed. The purposes of waqf are to provide continuous charity that could generate perpetual income flow for the needy. This study is based on the principle of MCCG 2012, Shariah Governance Framework and charity governance. This study utilises publicly available data to examine the internal governance structure of a corporate waqf. This study finds that the Islamic philanthropic Institution practices, to some extent, have a sound governance structure to discharge their transparency and accountability. Furthermore, findings also showed that though governance structure is in place, most of the structures are not disclosed in the annual reports of the company. Findings from the study could extend the knowledge in these areas and stimulate further research on the governance of Islamic philanthropic institutions, particularly for corporate waqf. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accountability" title="accountability">accountability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20philanthropic" title=" Islamic philanthropic"> Islamic philanthropic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20waqf" title=" corporate waqf "> corporate waqf </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23809/governance-structure-of-islamic-philanthropic-institution-analysis-of-corporate-waqf-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">566</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Unleashing the Potential of Waqf: An Exploratory Study of Contemporary Waqf Models in Islamic Finance Ecosystem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Bahroddin%20Badri">Mohd Bahroddin Badri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridzuan%20Masri"> Ridzuan Masri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the existence of large volume of waqf assets, it is argued that the potential of these assets not fully unleashed. There are many waqf assets especially in the form of land waqf that are idle and undeveloped mainly because of the insufficient fund and lack of investment expertise. This paper attempts to explore few cases on the innovation of waqf development in Malaysia and some countries that demonstrate synergistic collaboration between stakeholders, e.g., the government, nazir, Islamic religious councils, corporate entities and Islamic financial institutions for waqf development. This paper shows that cash waqf, corporate waqf, Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) and Sukuk are found to be contemporary mechanisms within Islamic finance ecosystem that drive and rejuvenate the development of waqf to the next level. It further highlights few samples of waqf Sukuk that were successfully issued in selected countries. This paper also demonstrates that the benefit of waqf is beyond religious matters, which may also include education, healthcare, social care, infrastructure and corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. This research is qualitative in nature, whereby the researcher employs descriptive method on the collected data. The researcher applies case study and library research method to collect and analyse data from journal articles, research papers, conference paper and annual reports. In a nutshell, the potential of contemporary models as demonstrated in this paper is very promising, in which the practical application of those instruments should be expanded for the rejuvenation of waqf asset. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cash%20waqf" title="cash waqf">cash waqf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20waqf" title=" corporate waqf"> corporate waqf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukuk%20waqf" title=" Sukuk waqf"> Sukuk waqf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=build-operate-transfer" title=" build-operate-transfer"> build-operate-transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95456/unleashing-the-potential-of-waqf-an-exploratory-study-of-contemporary-waqf-models-in-islamic-finance-ecosystem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Screening of 3-Hydroxy-2-[3-(2/3/4-Methoxybenzoyl)Thioureido]Butyric Acid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20M.%20Yusof">M. S. M. Yusof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ramli"> R. Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20C.%20Soh"> S. K. C. Soh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ismail"> N. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ngah"> N. Ngah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents the synthesis of a series of methoxybenzoylthiourea amino acid derivatives. The compounds were obtained from the reactions between 2/3/4-methoxybenzoyl isothiocyanate with threonine. All of the compounds were characterized via mass spectrometry, <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectrometry, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and FT-IR spectroscopy. Mass spectra for all of the compounds showed the presence of molecular ion [M]<sup>+</sup> peaks at <em>m</em>/<em>z</em> 312, which are in agreement to the calculated molecular weight. For <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectra, the presence of OC<em>H</em><sub>3</sub>, C=S-N<em>H</em> and C=O-N<em>H</em> protons were observed within range of δ<sub>H </sub>3.8-4.0 ppm, 11.1-11.5 ppm and 10.0-11.5 ppm, respectively. <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectra in all compounds displayed the presence of O<em>C</em>H<sub>3</sub>, <em>C</em>=O-NH,<em> C</em>=O-OH and <em>C</em>=S carbon resonances within range of δ<sub>C </sub>55.0-57.0 ppm, 165.0-168.0 ppm, 170.0-171.0 ppm and 180.0-182.0 ppm, respectively. In UV spectra, two absorption bands have been observed and both were assigned to the n-π* and π-π* transitions. Six vibrational modes of <em>v</em>(N-H), <em>v</em>(O-H), <em>v</em>(C=O-OH), <em>v</em>(C=O-NH), <em>v</em>(C=C) aromatic and <em>v</em>(C=S) appeared in the FT-IR spectra within the range of 3241-3467 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 2976-3302 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 1720-1768 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 1655-1672 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 1519-1525 cm<sup>-1</sup> and 754-763 cm<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The antibacterial activity for all of the compounds was screened against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em>, <em>Salmonella typhimurium</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>. However, no activity was observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methoxybenzoyl%20isothiocyanate" title="methoxybenzoyl isothiocyanate">methoxybenzoyl isothiocyanate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amino%20acid" title=" amino acid"> amino acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threonine" title=" threonine"> threonine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial" title=" antibacterial"> antibacterial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68578/synthesis-characterization-and-antibacterial-screening-of-3-hydroxy-2-3-234-methoxybenzoylthioureidobutyric-acid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> The Use of Gelatin in Biomedical Engineering: Halal Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syazwani%20Ramli">Syazwani Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhidayu%20Muhamad%20Zain"> Norhidayu Muhamad Zain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, the use of gelatin as biomaterials in tissue engineering are evolving especially in skin graft and wound dressing applications. Towards year 2018, Malaysia is in the way of planning to get the halal certification for biomedical device in order to cater the needs of Muslims and non-Muslims in Malaysia. However, the use of gelatins in tissue engineering are mostly derived from non-halal sources. Currently, gelatin production mostly comes from mammalian gelatin sources. Moreover, within these past years, just a few studies of the uses of gelatin in tissue engineering from halal perspective has been studied. Thus, this paper aims to give overview of the use of gelatin from different sources from halal perspectives. This review also discussing the current status of halal for the emerging biomedical devices. In addition, the different sources of gelatin used in tissue engineering are being identified and provides better alternatives for halal gelatin. Cold- water fish skin gelatin could be an effective alternative to substitute the mammalian sources. Therefore, this review is important because the information about the halal biomedical devices will delighted Muslim consumers and give better insight of halal gelatin in tissue engineering application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomedical%20device" title="biomedical device">biomedical device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatin" title=" gelatin"> gelatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=halal" title=" halal"> halal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20graft" title=" skin graft"> skin graft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering" title=" tissue engineering"> tissue engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85056/the-use-of-gelatin-in-biomedical-engineering-halal-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Effect Different Moisture States of Surface-treated Recycled Concrete Aggregate on Properties of Fresh and Hardened Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sallehan%20Ismail">Sallehan Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahyuddin%20Ramli"> Mahyuddin Ramli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examined the properties of fresh and hardened concretes as influenced by the moisture state of the coarse recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) after surface treatment. Surface treatment was performed by immersing the coarse RCA in a calcium metasilicate (CM) solution. The treated coarse RCA was maintained in three controlled moisture states, namely, air-dried, oven-dried, and saturated surface-dried (SSD), prior to its use in a concrete mix. The physical properties of coarse RCA were evaluated after surface treatment during the first phase of the experiment to determine the density and the water absorption characteristics of the RCA. The second phase involved the evaluation of the slump, slump loss, density, and compressive strength of the concretes that were prepared with different proportions of natural and treated coarse RCA. Controlling the moisture state of the coarse RCA after surface treatment was found to significantly influence the properties of the fresh and hardened concretes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moisture%20state" title="moisture state">moisture state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20concrete%20aggregate" title=" recycled concrete aggregate"> recycled concrete aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20treatment" title=" surface treatment"> surface treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4188/effect-different-moisture-states-of-surface-treated-recycled-concrete-aggregate-on-properties-of-fresh-and-hardened-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> The Effect of Gross Vehicle Weight on the Stability of Heavy Vehicle during Cornering </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurzaki%20Ikhsan">Nurzaki Ikhsan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Saifizul%20Abdullah"> Ahmad Saifizul Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahizar%20Ramli"> Rahizar Ramli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the functions of the commercial heavy vehicle is to safely and efficiently transport goods and people. Due to its size and carrying capacity, it is important to study the vehicle dynamic stability during cornering. Study has shown that there are a number of overloaded heavy vehicles or permissible gross vehicle weight (GVW) violations recorded at selected areas in Malaysia assigned by its type and category. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate the correlation and effect of the GVW on heavy vehicle stability during cornering event using simulation. Various selected heavy vehicle types and category are simulated using IPG/Truck Maker® with different GVW and road condition (coefficient of friction of road surface), while the speed, driver characteristic, center of gravity of load and road geometry are constant. Based on the analysis, the relationship between GVW and lateral acceleration were established. As expected, on the same value of coefficient of friction, the maximum lateral acceleration would be increased as the GVW increases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20vehicle" title="heavy vehicle">heavy vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20safety" title=" road safety"> road safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20stability" title=" vehicle stability"> vehicle stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20acceleration" title=" lateral acceleration"> lateral acceleration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gross%20vehicle%20weight" title=" gross vehicle weight"> gross vehicle weight</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29769/the-effect-of-gross-vehicle-weight-on-the-stability-of-heavy-vehicle-during-cornering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29769.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Application of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Factor Influencing the Wax Deposition of Malaysian Crude Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basem%20Elarbe">Basem Elarbe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Elganidi"> Ibrahim Elganidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norida%20Ridzuan"> Norida Ridzuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhyati%20Abdullah"> Norhyati Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wax deposition in production pipelines and transportation tubing from offshore to onshore is critical in the oil and gas industry due to low-temperature conditions. It may lead to a reduction in production, shut-in, plugging of pipelines and increased fluid viscosity. The most significant popular approach to solve this issue is by injection of a wax inhibitor into the channel. This research aims to determine the amount of wax deposition of Malaysian crude oil by estimating the effective parameters using (Design-Expert version 7.1.6) by response surface methodology (RSM) method. Important parameters affecting wax deposition such as cold finger temperature, inhibitor concentration and experimental duration were investigated. It can be concluded that SA-co-BA copolymer had a higher capability of reducing wax in different conditions where the minimum point of wax reduction was found at 300 rpm, 14℃, 1h, 1200 ppmThe amount of waxes collected for each parameter were 0.12g. RSM approach was applied using rotatable central composite design (CCD) to minimize the wax deposit amount. The regression model’s variance (ANOVA) results revealed that the R2 value of 0.9906, indicating that the model can be clarified 99.06% of the data variation, and just 0.94% of the total variation were not clarified by the model. Therefore, it indicated that the model is extremely significant, confirming a close agreement between the experimental and the predicted values. In addition, the result has shown that the amount of wax deposit decreased significantly with the increase of temperature and the concentration of poly (stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate) (SABA), which were set at 14°C and 1200 ppm, respectively. The amount of wax deposit was successfully reduced to the minimum value of 0.01 g after the optimization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wax%20deposition" title="wax deposition">wax deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SABA%20inhibitor" title=" SABA inhibitor"> SABA inhibitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RSM" title=" RSM"> RSM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operation%20factors" title=" operation factors"> operation factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138752/application-of-response-surface-methodology-to-optimize-the-factor-influencing-the-wax-deposition-of-malaysian-crude-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Architectural Building Safety and Health Performance Model for Stratified Low-Cost Housing: Education and Management Tool for Building Managers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainal%20Abidin%20Akasah">Zainal Abidin Akasah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maizam%20Alias"> Maizam Alias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azuin%20Ramli"> Azuin Ramli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The safety and health performances aspects of a building are the most challenging aspect of facility management. It requires a deep understanding by the building managers on the factors that contribute to health and safety performances. This study attempted to develop an explanatory architectural safety performance model for stratified low-cost housing in Malaysia. The proposed Building Safety and Health Performance (BSHP) model was tested empirically through a survey on 308 construction practitioners using Partial Least Squares (PLS) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) tool. Statistical analysis results supports the conclusion that architecture, building services, external environment, management approaches and maintenance management have positive influence on safety and health performance of stratified low-cost housing in Malaysia. The findings provide valuable insights for construction industry to introduce BSHP model in the future where the model could be used as a guideline for training purposes of managers and better planning and implementation of building management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20management" title="building management">building management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stratified%20low-cost%20housing" title=" stratified low-cost housing"> stratified low-cost housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20model" title=" health model"> health model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25509/architectural-building-safety-and-health-performance-model-for-stratified-low-cost-housing-education-and-management-tool-for-building-managers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Approximating Maximum Speed on Road from Curvature Information of Bezier Curve</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yushalify%20Misro">M. Yushalify Misro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Ramli"> Ahmad Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaludin%20M.%20Ali"> Jamaludin M. Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bezier curves have useful properties for path generation problem, for instance, it can generate the reference trajectory for vehicles to satisfy the path constraints. Both algorithms join cubic Bezier curve segment smoothly to generate the path. Some of the useful properties of Bezier are curvature. In mathematics, the curvature is the amount by which a geometric object deviates from being flat, or straight in the case of a line. Another extrinsic example of curvature is a circle, where the curvature is equal to the reciprocal of its radius at any point on the circle. The smaller the radius, the higher the curvature thus the vehicle needs to bend sharply. In this study, we use Bezier curve to fit highway-like curve. We use the different approach to finding the best approximation for the curve so that it will resemble highway-like curve. We compute curvature value by analytical differentiation of the Bezier Curve. We will then compute the maximum speed for driving using the curvature information obtained. Our research works on some assumptions; first the Bezier curve estimates the real shape of the curve which can be verified visually. Even, though, the fitting process of Bezier curve does not interpolate exactly on the curve of interest, we believe that the estimation of speed is acceptable. We verified our result with the manual calculation of the curvature from the map. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speed%20estimation" title="speed estimation">speed estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=path%20constraints" title=" path constraints"> path constraints</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reference%20trajectory" title=" reference trajectory"> reference trajectory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bezier%20curve" title=" Bezier curve"> Bezier curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36228/approximating-maximum-speed-on-road-from-curvature-information-of-bezier-curve" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> The Pursuit of Marital Sustainability Inspiring by Successful Matrimony of Two Distinguishable Indonesian Ethnics as a Learning Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mutiara%20Amalina%20Khairisa">Mutiara Amalina Khairisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Purnama%20Arafah"> Purnama Arafah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahayu%20Listiana%20Ramli"> Rahayu Listiana Ramli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, so many cases of divorce increasingly occur. Betrayal in form of infidelity, less communication one another, economically problems, selfishness of two sides, intervening parents from both sides which frequently occurs in Asia, especially in Indonesia, the differences of both principles and beliefs, “Sense of Romantism” depletion, role confict, a large difference in the purpose of marriage,and sex satisfaction are expected as the primary factors of the causes of divorce. Every couple of marriage wants to reach happy life in their family but severe problems brought about by either of those main factors come as a reasonable cause of failure marriage. The purpose of this study is to find out how marital adjustment and supporting factors in ensuring the success of that previous marital adjusment are inseparable two things assumed as a framework can affect the success in marriage becoming a resolution to reduce the desires to divorce. Those two inseparable things are able to become an aspect of learning from the success of the different ethnics marriage to keep holding on wholeness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marital%20adjustment" title="marital adjustment">marital adjustment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marital%20sustainability" title=" marital sustainability"> marital sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20process" title=" learning process"> learning process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=successful%20ethnicity%20differences%20marriage" title=" successful ethnicity differences marriage"> successful ethnicity differences marriage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basical%20cultural%20values" title=" basical cultural values"> basical cultural values</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25123/the-pursuit-of-marital-sustainability-inspiring-by-successful-matrimony-of-two-distinguishable-indonesian-ethnics-as-a-learning-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Dual Band LoRa/GPS Dipole Antenna with Harmonic Suppression Capability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amar%20Danial%20Abd%20Azis">Amar Danial Abd Azis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shipun%20Anuar%20Hamzah"> Shipun Anuar Hamzah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Noh%20Dalimin"> Mohd Noh Dalimin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairun%20Nidzam%20Ramli"> Khairun Nidzam Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Sani%20Yahya"> Mohd Sani Yahya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fauziahanim%20Che%20Seman"> Fauziahanim Che Seman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the design, simulation results, and testing of a compact dual-band printed dipole antenna operating at frequencies of 916 MHz and 1.57 GHz for LoRa and GPS applications, respectively. The basic design of this antenna uses a linear dipole that operates at 916 MHz and 2.7 GHz. A small triangular-shaped linear balun has been developed as the matching network. Parasitic elements are employed to tune the second frequency to 1.57 GHz through a parametric study. Meanwhile, a stub is used to suppress the undesired 2.6 GHz frequency. This antenna is capable of operating on dual-frequency bands simultaneously with high efficiency in suppressing the unwanted frequency. The antenna exhibits the following parameters: return loss of -18.5 dB at 916 MHz and -14 dB at 1.57 GHz, VSWR of 1.25 at 868 MHz and 1.5 at 1.57 GHz, and gain of 2 dBi at 916 MHz and 2.75 dBi at 1.57 GHz. The radiation pattern of the antenna shows a directional E-plane and an omnidirectional H-plane at both frequencies. With its compact size and dual-band capability, this antenna demonstrates great potential for use in IoT applications that require both LoRa and GPS communication, particularly in applications where a small yet efficient form factor is essential. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20band" title="dual band">dual band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dipole%20antenna" title=" dipole antenna"> dipole antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parasitic%20elements" title=" parasitic elements"> parasitic elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmonic%20suppression" title=" harmonic suppression"> harmonic suppression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LoRa%20and%20Gps" title=" LoRa and Gps"> LoRa and Gps</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194483/dual-band-loragps-dipole-antenna-with-harmonic-suppression-capability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">6</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> A Prenylflavanoid, HME5 with Antiproliferative Activity in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mashitoh%20Abd%20Rahman">Mashitoh Abd Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim"> Najihah Mohd Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faiqah%20Ramli"> Faiqah Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syam%20Mohan"> Syam Mohan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noraziah%20Nordin"> Noraziah Nordin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Karimian"> Hamed Karimian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hapipah%20Mohd%20Ali"> Hapipah Mohd Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancies. HME5, a prenylflavanoid has been isolated from local medicinal plant. This compound has been reported to possess a broad spectrum of biological activities including anticancer property. However, the potential of HME5 as an antiproliferative and cytotoxic agent on an ovarian cancer cells has not yet been investigated. In this present study, we examined the antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect of HME5 on Caov-3 (Human Ovarian Adenocarcinoma) cell line by using 3-[4,5-dimethylthizol-2-y]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Acridine orange and propidium Iodide (AOPi) and cell cycle analysis study. HME5 has shown to inhibit Caov-3 in a time-dependent manner with the IC50 values of 5µg/ml, 2µg/ml and 1µg/ml after 24h, 48h and 72h treatment, respectively. Morphological study from AOPi analysis showed that HME5 induced apoptosis after 24 and 48h post-treatment. Nevertheless, HME5 exhibited cell cycle arrest at G1 phase as indicated in flow cytometry cell cycle profiling. In conclusion, HME5 inhibited proliferation of Caov-3 through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title="apoptosis">apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenylflavanoid" title=" prenylflavanoid"> prenylflavanoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HME5" title=" HME5 "> HME5 </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13503/a-prenylflavanoid-hme5-with-antiproliferative-activity-in-human-ovarian-cancer-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Preparation and Characterization of Modified ZnO Incorporated into Mesoporous MCM-22 Catalysts and Their Catalytic Performances of Crude Jatropha Oil to Biodiesel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bashir%20Abubakar%20Abdulkadir">Bashir Abubakar Abdulkadir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anita%20Ramli"> Anita Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lim%20Jun%20Wei"> Lim Jun Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshimitsu%20Uemura"> Yoshimitsu Uemura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the ZnO/MCM-22 catalyst with different ZnO loading were prepared using conventional wet impregnation process and the catalyst activity was tested for biodiesel production from Jatropha oil. The effects of reaction parameters with regards to catalyst activity were investigated. The synthesized catalysts samples were then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) for crystal phase, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) for surface area, pore volume and pore size, Field Emission Scanning electron microscope attached to energy dispersive x-ray (FESEM/EDX) for morphology and elemental composition and TPD (NH3 and CO2) for basic and acidic properties of the catalyst. The XRD spectra couple with the EDX result shows the presence of ZnO in the catalyst confirming the positive intercalation of the metal oxide into the mesoporous MCM-22. The synthesized catalyst was confirmed to be mesoporous according to BET findings. Also, the catalysts can be considered as a bifunctional catalyst based on TPD outcomes. Transesterification results showed that the synthesized catalyst was highly efficient and effective to be used for biodiesel production from low grade oil such as Jatropha oil and other industrial application where the high fatty acid methyl ester (FAMEs) yield was achieved at moderate reaction conditions. It was also discovered that the catalyst can be used more than five (5) runs with little deactivation confirming the catalyst to be highly active and stable to the heat of reaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCM-22" title="MCM-22">MCM-22</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesis" title=" synthesis"> synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transesterification" title=" transesterification"> transesterification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnO" title=" ZnO"> ZnO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80401/preparation-and-characterization-of-modified-zno-incorporated-into-mesoporous-mcm-22-catalysts-and-their-catalytic-performances-of-crude-jatropha-oil-to-biodiesel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Temporal Variation of Shorebirds Population in Two Different Mudflats Areas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Norazlimi">N. Norazlimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ramli"> R. Ramli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study was conducted to determine the diversity and abundance of shorebird species habituating the mudflat area of Jeram Beach and Remis Beach, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia. Direct observation technique (using binoculars and video camera) was applied to record the presence of bird species in the sampling sites from August 2013 until July 2014. A total of 32 species of shorebird were recorded during both migratory and non-migratory seasons. Of these, eleven species (47.8%) are migrants, six species (26.1%) have both migrant and resident populations, four species (17.4%) are vagrants and two species (8.7%) are residents. The compositions of the birds differed significantly in all months (χ2=84.35, p<0.001). There is a significant difference in avian abundance between migratory and non-migratory seasons (Mann-Whitney, t=2.39, p=0.036). The avian abundance were differed significantly in Jeram and Remis Beaches during migratory periods (t=4.39, p=0.001) but not during non-migratory periods (t=0.78, p=0.456). Shorebird diversity was also affected by tidal cycle. There is a significance difference between high tide and low tide (Mann-Whitney, t=78.0, p<0.005). Frequency of disturbance also affected the shorebird distribution (Mann-Whitney, t=57.0, p= 0.0134). Therefore, this study concluded that tides and disturbances are two factors that affecting temporal distribution of shorebird in mudflats area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title="biodiversity">biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution" title=" distribution"> distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migratory%20birds" title=" migratory birds"> migratory birds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20observation" title=" direct observation"> direct observation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16862/temporal-variation-of-shorebirds-population-in-two-different-mudflats-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Assessing Flood Risk and Mapping Inundation Zones in the Kelantan River Basin: A Hydrodynamic Modeling Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemehsadat%20Mortazavizadeh">Fatemehsadat Mortazavizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Dehghani"> Amin Dehghani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Mirzaei"> Majid Mirzaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurulhuda%20Binti%20Mohammad%20Ramli"> Nurulhuda Binti Mohammad Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adnan%20Dehghani"> Adnan Dehghani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flood is Malaysia's most common and serious natural disaster. Kelantan River Basin is a tropical basin that experiences a rainy season during North-East Monsoon from November to March. It is also one of the hardest hit areas in Peninsular Malaysia during the heavy monsoon rainfall. Considering the consequences of the flood events, it is essential to develop the flood inundation map as part of the mitigation approach. In this study, the delineation of flood inundation zone in the area of Kelantan River basin using a hydrodynamic model is done by HEC-RAS, QGIS and ArcMap. The streamflow data has been generated with the weather generator based on the observation data. Then, the data is statistically analyzed with the Extreme Value (EV1) method for 2-, 5-, 25-, 50- and 100-year return periods. The minimum depth, maximum depth, mean depth, and the standard deviation of all the scenarios, including the OBS, are observed and analyzed. Based on the results, generally, the value of the data increases with the return period for all the scenarios. However, there are certain scenarios that have different results, which not all the data obtained are increasing with the return period. Besides, OBS data resulted in the middle range within Scenario 1 to Scenario 40. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20inundation" title="flood inundation">flood inundation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kelantan%20river%20basin" title=" kelantan river basin"> kelantan river basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrodynamic%20model" title=" hydrodynamic model"> hydrodynamic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extreme%20value%20analysis" title=" extreme value analysis"> extreme value analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175709/assessing-flood-risk-and-mapping-inundation-zones-in-the-kelantan-river-basin-a-hydrodynamic-modeling-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175709.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridzuan%20Ramli&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridzuan%20Ramli&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" 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