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//]]> </script> <noscript> <img alt='' height='1' src='https://ad.doubleclick.net/ddm/activity/src=2542116;type=gblog;cat=googl0;ord=1?' width='1'/> </noscript>  <div class='header-outer'> <div class='header-inner'> <div class='section' id='header'><div class='widget Header' data-version='1' id='Header1'> <div class='header-left'> <div class='header-title'> <a class='google-logo' href='https://blog.chromium.org/'> <img alt="Chromium Blog" height="50" src="//1.bp.blogspot.com/-vkF7AFJOwBk/VkQxeAGi1mI/AAAAAAAARYo/57denvsQ8zA/s1600-r/logo_chromium.png"> </a> <a href='/.'> <h2> Chromium Blog </h2> </a> </div> <div class='header-desc'> News and developments from the open source browser project </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div>  <div class='cols-wrapper loading'> <div class='col-main-wrapper'> <div class='col-main'> <div class='section' id='main'><div class='widget Blog' data-version='1' id='Blog1'> <div class='post' data-id='8370060611189915329' itemscope='' itemtype='http://schema.org/BlogPosting'> <h2 class='title' itemprop='name'> <a href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/02/chrome-73-beta-constructable.html' itemprop='url' title='Chrome 73 Beta: Constructable stylesheets, a new RegExp function, and passive mouse events'> Chrome 73 Beta: Constructable stylesheets, a new RegExp function, and passive mouse events </a> </h2> <div class='post-header'> <div class='published'> <span class='publishdate' itemprop='datePublished'> Friday, February 8, 2019 </span> </div> </div> <div class='post-body'> <div class='post-content' itemprop='articleBody'> <script type='text/template'> Unless otherwise noted, changes described below apply to the newest Chrome Beta channel release for Android, Chrome OS, Linux, macOS, and Windows. View a complete list of the features in Chrome 73 on <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/features#milestone%3D73">ChromeStatus.com</a>. Chrome 73 is beta as of February 8, 2019.<br /> <h1> Constructable stylesheets</h1> It's long been possible to dynamically create a stylesheet by attaching it directly to a <style> element's sheet property. This comes with problems including a flash of unstyled content and sometimes the bloat of duplicate CSS rules. New methods on the CSSStyleSheet interface add a programmatic way to add stylesheets, eliminating the old method's problems. <br /> <br /> Constructable stylesheets let you define shared CSS styles and apply them to multiple shadow roots or to the document object. This is referred to as adopting. Updates to a shared style sheet are applied everywhere it's been adopted. Adopting a stylesheet is fast. Constructable stylesheets are useful in many use cases including theme sharing between components, preloading stylesheets without DOM injection, and more.<br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4Fv6O83ajpnrPJEZ3NDJIq49DBFXpitHGMBlrqT6aXqrvFOVs-CGK50B2smg1HAJ8US4xN9IiQfKcEb7odwt9L7qaZdOQL01h5cfEU9cwwcKH7TNTrSHB9mLpqzGydam75qTl1ueMAkYc/s1600/image1.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="572" data-original-width="710" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4Fv6O83ajpnrPJEZ3NDJIq49DBFXpitHGMBlrqT6aXqrvFOVs-CGK50B2smg1HAJ8US4xN9IiQfKcEb7odwt9L7qaZdOQL01h5cfEU9cwwcKH7TNTrSHB9mLpqzGydam75qTl1ueMAkYc/s320/image1.png" width="320" /></a> <br /> Instead of a new API, stylesheets are constructed imperatively with the <code>replace()</code> and <code>replaceSync()</code> methods as shown below.<br /> <br /> <pre>const sheet = new CSSStyleSheet(); // replace all styles synchronously: sheet.replaceSync('a { color: red; }'); // replace all styles, allowing external resources: sheet.replace('@import url("styles.css")')     .then(sheet => {         console.log('Styles loaded successfully');     })     .catch(err => {         console.error('Failed to load:', err);     });</pre> <br /> To learn more, check out <a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2019/02/constructable-stylesheets">our article</a> or try <a href="https://j3qj7x8jmy.codesandbox.io/">the sample</a>.<br /> <h1> String.prototype.matchAll()</h1> A new regular expression matching method is being added to <code>String.prototype</code>. The <code>matchAll()</code> function provides a more complete set of matches than <code>String.prototype.match()</code> does. To understand the new function, first consider the following regular expression code:<br /> <br /> <pre>const regex = /t(e)(st(\d?))/g; const string = 'test1test2';</pre> <br /> Calling <code>string.match(regex)</code> returns an array that contains only complete matches, in this case <code>'test1'</code> and <code>'test2'</code>. What about those capturing groups? I can get the first set, those related to <code>'test1'</code> if I remove the <code>g</code> flag. Getting the rest currently requires writing additional code. It would be nice if I didn't need to.<br /> <br /> The specification authors <a href="https://tc39.github.io/proposal-string-matchall/">reached the same conclusion</a> and created <code>matchAll()</code>, which has just landed in Chrome. And instead of returning the limited results just described, <code>matchAll()</code> returns an iterable object and contains a few convenience properties.<br /> <br /> To learn more about this method read our <a href="https://developers.google.com/">article on developers.google.com</a>. For more about <a href="https://v8.dev/blog/v8-release-73">what's new in JavaScript</a> for Chrome, head over to v8.dev.<br /> <h1> Passive Mousewheel listeners</h1> Scrolling responsiveness is important enough to user engagement that Chrome has been working to improve scrolling through event behavior. A best practice for event listeners is that if they don't call <code>preventDefault()</code>, then they need to be registered as passive (by passing <code>{passive: true}</code> to <code>addEVentListener()</code>). Non-passive events are blocking since the browser has to wait for them to finish in case <code>preventDefault()</code> was called.<br /> <br /> Unnecessarily blocking event listeners happen often enough that <a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2017/01/scrolling-intervention">in Chrome 56, we changed <code>touchstart</code> and <code>touchmove</code></a> that are registered on root targets to be passive by default. This allows the browser to safely perform scrolling and zooming without being blocked on listeners. Starting in Chrome 73, the <code>wheel</code> and <code>mousewheel</code> event listeners behave the same way, making the following lines of code equivalent:<br /> <br /> <pre>window.addEventListener("wheel", func); window.addEventListener("wheel", func, {passive: true} );</pre> <br /> For more background and a few stats on change, read <a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2019/02/scrolling-intervention">Making wheel events passive by default</a>.<br /> <div> <h1> Other features in this release</h1> </div> <h2> Cross-Origin resource policy</h2> <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/4647328103268352">Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy response header</a> allows http servers to ask the browser to prevent cross-origin or cross-site embedding of the returned resource. This is complementary to the Cross-Origin Read Blocking feature and is especially valuable for resources not covered by CORB (which only protects HTML, XML and JSON).<br /> <br /> <code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code> is currently the only way to protect images against Spectre attacks or against compromised renderers. <br /> CSS redirects are cross-origin <br /> <br /> To align with the specification, stylesheets that (a) failed to load due to network error, or (b) loaded via a redirect from cross-origin back to same-origin <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5642183499579392">are considered cross-origin</a>.<br /> <h2> document.visibilityState set to “hidden” when WebContents is occluded</h2> Thanks to the WebContents Occlusion feature in Chromium, the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Page_Visibility_API">Page Visibility API</a> will now <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6699045456183296">accurately reflect the visibility state of web pages</a>, especially when they are occluded. In other words, the document.visibilityState value will be “hidden” when the browser tab or window is covered by one or more window.<br /> <br /> The WebContents Occlusion feature is supported only on Chrome OS and macOS at this time. Windows support is in progress.<br /> <h2> DOMMatrixReadOnly.scaleNonUniform()</h2> The <code><a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/4609831000342528">scaleNonUniform()</a></code> function post-multiplies a non-uniform scale transformation on the current matrix and returns the resulting matrix. It is being re-added to support legacy compatibility with <code>SVGMatrix</code>. Non-uniform scaling is a transformation in which at least one of the scaling factors is different from the others. For example, non-uniform scaling might turn a rectangle into a square or a parallelogram.<br /> <h2> EME extension: HDCP policy check</h2> Applications now have the ability to query whether a certain <a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2018/08/chrome-69-media-updates#hdcp">HDCP policy can be enforced</a> so that playback can be started at the optimum resolution for the best user experience. <a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://googlechrome.github.io/samples/hdcp-detection/&sa=D&ust=1549650714256000&usg=AFQjCNH_q29BEd7p_nao5vzOoGocQiv1AQ">A sample is available </a>for developers who want to try it.<br /> <h2> GamePad API: GamepadButton touched attribute</h2> The GamePad API now provides the <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5727206521176064">touched state of a gamepad button</a>, which indicates whether a finger is on a button independent of whether it's being pressed. <br /> <h2> imagesrcset and imagesizes attributes on link rel=preload</h2> The <code><link></code> element <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5164259990306816">now supports <code>imagesrcset</code> and <code>imagesizes</code></a> properties to correspond to <code>srcset</code> and <code>sizes</code> attributes of <code>HTMLImageElement</code>. To use them, the <code><link></code> element must include the <code>preload</code> and <code>image</code> keywords as shown below.<br /> <br /> <pre><link <b>rel="preload" as="image"</b> href="pic400.jpg" imagesizes="100vw" imagesrcset="pic400.jpg 400w, pic800.jpg 800w, pic1600.jpg 1600w"></pre> <h2> Implicit root scroller</h2> Implicit root scroller allows viewport-filling scrollers (iframes, divs) to perform <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5162094739587072">document-level scrolling</a>, i.e. show/hide URL bar, overscroll glow, rotation anchoring, etc.. This feature doesn't have an API so it's not on a standards track. Chrome will try to determine if a page is mainly contained in a non-document scroller and attempt to delegate its document-scrolling-UX to that scroller.<br /> <br /> This is an implicit version of the previously proposed <a href="https://github.com/bokand/root-scroller/blob/master/explainer.md">rootScrollers API</a>.<br /> <h2> ::part pseudo element on shadow hosts</h2> Chrome now supports the <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5763933658939392"><code>::part()</code> pseudo-element on shadow hosts</a>, allowing shadow hosts to selectively expose chosen elements from their shadow tree to the outside page for styling purposes.<br /> <h2> PerformanceObserver.supportedEntryTypes</h2> <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6737857909620736"><code>PerformanceObserver.supportedEntryTypes</code></a> provides a way to feature-detect the PerformanceEntry types that are implemented in a web browser. For example, a developer running this in Chrome could get something like this in the console:<br /> <br /> <pre>["longtask", "mark", "measure", "navigation", "paint", "resource"]</pre> <div> <h1> Use the response URL as the base URL for CSS and XSLT stylesheets</h1> <br /> On the web, URLs are usually relative to the document's base URL. That means, if the page is <code>/hello/</code> and contains <code><img src="world.jpg"></code>, the image is loaded from <code>/hello/world.jpg</code>.<br /> <br /> There are a couple of exceptions to this, the most common of which is CSS. Within stylesheets, URLs (e.g. for background images) are relative to the stylesheet's "response URL".<br /> <br /> The "response" distinction is important. If the page contains <code><link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles.css"></code>, and <code>/styles.css</code> redirects to <code>/foo/styles.css</code>, URLs in the stylesheet will be relative to <code>/foo/styles.css</code>. In this case the request URL is different to the response URL, and it's the response URL that's used as the base URL.<br /> <br /> With a service worker in the middle, Chrome didn't handle this correctly. It would use the request URL as the base URL for CSS. This is fixed in Chrome 73. Chrome will correctly use the response URL.<br /> <br /> This change applies to the following resource types:<br /> <br /> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5642183499579392">CSS stylesheets</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/4857368017895424">XSLT stylesheets</a></li> </ul> <h1> XHR: Use the response URL for responseURL and documents</h1> XHR's responseURL property should provide the URL of the response.<br /> <br /> In many cases, the request and response URLs are the same, but service workers can choose to return a response from elsewhere. Redirects also cause the request and response URLs to be different.<br /> <br /> If the XHR request was intercepted by a service worker, Chrome would incorrectly set responseURL to the request URL. <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5676711949631488">This is fixed in Chrome 73</a>. Chrome will correctly set responseURL to the response URL.</div> <h2> WebRTC updates</h2> <h3> RTCConfiguration.offerExtmapAllowMixed</h3> <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6269234631933952">A boolean property has been added</a> to <code>RTCConfiguration.offerExtmapAllowMixed()</code> to enable the <code>extmap-allow-mixed</code> attribute in a session description protocol (SDP) offer.<br /> <br /> The SDP attribute <code>extmap-allow-mixed</code>, as defined in RFC8285, will be included in the SDP offer if this property is set to true. The SDP attribute <code>extmap-allow-mixed</code> is supported from Chrome 71, but due to backwards compatibility problems it was not included in the SDP offer by default.<br /> <br /> This property is purely transitional. Initially it will be off by default. We hope to change the default to on when enough clients have updated their code. We hope that eventually backwards compatibility will not be needed and we can remove it completely.<br /> <h3> RTCRtpReceiver.getParameters()</h3> The <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5641443221700608">new <code>RTCRtpReceiver.getParameters()</code> method</a> returns the <code>RTCRtpReceiver</code> object's track decoding parameters, which includes the codec and RTP header lists negotiated for the call, the RTCP information, and the layer count.<br /> <br /> This method is an analog to <code>RTCRtpSender.getParameters()</code> and presents similar information for a call, but on the receiver side. It does not allow modification of the call's parameters.<br /> <h3> RTCRtpReceiver.getSynchronizationSources()</h3> <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6208698208747520">The new <code>RTCRtpReceiver.getSynchronizationSources()</code> method</a> returns the latest playout timestamps of RTP packets for audio and video receivers. This is useful for determining in real time which streams are active, such as for the use case of audio meters or prioritizing displaying active participant streams in the UI.<br /> <h3> Turn RTCRtpContributingSource from an interface into a dictionary</h3> The specification requires <code>RTCRtpContributingSource</code> to be a dictionary, but it was previously shipped as an interface. With this change <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5269288130707456"><code>RTCRtpContributingSource</code> will no longer have a prototype</a> and <code>getContributingSources()</code> will create a new set of objects with each call.<br /> <h2> Transform list interpolation</h2> Chrome has improved how CSS transforms are handled to <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6635209600532480">reduce cases where a matrix interpolation fallback is used</a>. An interpolation is an intermediate transformation. Sometimes interpretation of the CSS rule requires falling back to a matrix to accomplish the interpolation, and this can produce visual results other than what the web developer intends. To mitigate this, the specification was changed to reduce the number of situations when this can occur.<br /> <h1> Interoperability improvements</h1> <h2> Spec-compliant shadow blur-radius</h2> Historically, Blink's blur-radius interpretation has been at odds with both the CSS and Canvas2D specifications in that Blink shadows cover about <a href="https://crbug.com/179006">half the expected area</a>.<br /> <br /> With this change Gaussian blur sigma is <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6569666117894144">now computed as one-half the blur-radius</a>, as mandated by the specification. Blink's shadow implementation now matches FireFox and Safari.<br /> <h2> Remove isomorphic decoding of URL fragment identifier</h2> When Chrome opens a URL with a fragment id, it decodes <code>%xx</code> and applies <a href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-decode">isomorphic-decode</a> to it, then tries to find an element with the decoding result as an ID in some cases. For example, if a user opens <code>example.com/#%F8%C0</code>, Chrome does the following:<br /> <ol> <li>It searches the page for an element with <code>id="%F8%C0"</code>.</li> <li>If it’s not found, it searches the page for an element with <code>id="&#xF8;&#xC0;"</code>.</li> </ol> No other browsers do this, and it's not defined by the standard. Starting in version 73, <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/4885685374812160">Chrome no longer does this either</a>.<br /> <h1> Deprecations, and Removals</h1> <h2> Remove EXPLAIN and REINDEX support in WebSQL</h2> The output of<code>EXPLAIN</code> is not guaranteed to be stable over SQLite versions, so developers cannot rely on it. <code>REINDEX</code> is only useful when collation sequence definitions change, and Chrome only uses the built-in collation sequences. Both features are <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5874817249050624">now removed</a>.<br /> <h2> Deprecate 'drive-by downloads' in sandboxed iframes</h2> Chrome has <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5706745674465280">deprecated downloads in sandboxed <code>iframes</code></a> that lack a user gesture ('drive-by downloads'), though this restriction could be lifted via an allow-downloads-without-user-activation keyword in the sandbox attribute list. This allows content providers to restrict malicious or abusive downloads.<br /> <br /> Downloads can bring security vulnerabilities to a system. Even though additional security checks are done in Chrome and the operating system, we feel blocking downloads in sandboxed <code>iframes</code> also fits the general thought behind the sandbox. Apart from security concerns, it would be a more pleasant user experience for a click to trigger a download on the same page, compared with downloads started automatically when landing at a new page, or started non-spontaneously after the click.<br /> <br /> Removal is expected in Chrome 74. <span itemprop='author' itemscope='itemscope' itemtype='http://schema.org/Person'> <meta content='https://plus.google.com/116899029375914044550' itemprop='url'/> </span> </script> <noscript> Unless otherwise noted, changes described below apply to the newest Chrome Beta channel release for Android, Chrome OS, Linux, macOS, and Windows. View a complete list of the features in Chrome 73 on <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/features#milestone%3D73">ChromeStatus.com</a>. Chrome 73 is beta as of February 8, 2019.<br /> <h1> Constructable stylesheets</h1> It's long been possible to dynamically create a stylesheet by attaching it directly to a <style> element's sheet property. This comes with problems including a flash of unstyled content and sometimes the bloat of duplicate CSS rules. New methods on the CSSStyleSheet interface add a programmatic way to add stylesheets, eliminating the old method's problems. <br /> <br /> Constructable stylesheets let you define shared CSS styles and apply them to multiple shadow roots or to the document object. This is referred to as adopting. Updates to a shared style sheet are applied everywhere it's been adopted. Adopting a stylesheet is fast. Constructable stylesheets are useful in many use cases including theme sharing between components, preloading stylesheets without DOM injection, and more.<br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4Fv6O83ajpnrPJEZ3NDJIq49DBFXpitHGMBlrqT6aXqrvFOVs-CGK50B2smg1HAJ8US4xN9IiQfKcEb7odwt9L7qaZdOQL01h5cfEU9cwwcKH7TNTrSHB9mLpqzGydam75qTl1ueMAkYc/s1600/image1.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="572" data-original-width="710" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4Fv6O83ajpnrPJEZ3NDJIq49DBFXpitHGMBlrqT6aXqrvFOVs-CGK50B2smg1HAJ8US4xN9IiQfKcEb7odwt9L7qaZdOQL01h5cfEU9cwwcKH7TNTrSHB9mLpqzGydam75qTl1ueMAkYc/s320/image1.png" width="320" /></a> <br /> Instead of a new API, stylesheets are constructed imperatively with the <code>replace()</code> and <code>replaceSync()</code> methods as shown below.<br /> <br /> <pre>const sheet = new CSSStyleSheet(); // replace all styles synchronously: sheet.replaceSync('a { color: red; }'); // replace all styles, allowing external resources: sheet.replace('@import url("styles.css")')     .then(sheet => {         console.log('Styles loaded successfully');     })     .catch(err => {         console.error('Failed to load:', err);     });</pre> <br /> To learn more, check out <a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2019/02/constructable-stylesheets">our article</a> or try <a href="https://j3qj7x8jmy.codesandbox.io/">the sample</a>.<br /> <h1> String.prototype.matchAll()</h1> A new regular expression matching method is being added to <code>String.prototype</code>. The <code>matchAll()</code> function provides a more complete set of matches than <code>String.prototype.match()</code> does. To understand the new function, first consider the following regular expression code:<br /> <br /> <pre>const regex = /t(e)(st(\d?))/g; const string = 'test1test2';</pre> <br /> Calling <code>string.match(regex)</code> returns an array that contains only complete matches, in this case <code>'test1'</code> and <code>'test2'</code>. What about those capturing groups? I can get the first set, those related to <code>'test1'</code> if I remove the <code>g</code> flag. Getting the rest currently requires writing additional code. It would be nice if I didn't need to.<br /> <br /> The specification authors <a href="https://tc39.github.io/proposal-string-matchall/">reached the same conclusion</a> and created <code>matchAll()</code>, which has just landed in Chrome. And instead of returning the limited results just described, <code>matchAll()</code> returns an iterable object and contains a few convenience properties.<br /> <br /> To learn more about this method read our <a href="https://developers.google.com/">article on developers.google.com</a>. For more about <a href="https://v8.dev/blog/v8-release-73">what's new in JavaScript</a> for Chrome, head over to v8.dev.<br /> <h1> Passive Mousewheel listeners</h1> Scrolling responsiveness is important enough to user engagement that Chrome has been working to improve scrolling through event behavior. A best practice for event listeners is that if they don't call <code>preventDefault()</code>, then they need to be registered as passive (by passing <code>{passive: true}</code> to <code>addEVentListener()</code>). Non-passive events are blocking since the browser has to wait for them to finish in case <code>preventDefault()</code> was called.<br /> <br /> Unnecessarily blocking event listeners happen often enough that <a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2017/01/scrolling-intervention">in Chrome 56, we changed <code>touchstart</code> and <code>touchmove</code></a> that are registered on root targets to be passive by default. This allows the browser to safely perform scrolling and zooming without being blocked on listeners. Starting in Chrome 73, the <code>wheel</code> and <code>mousewheel</code> event listeners behave the same way, making the following lines of code equivalent:<br /> <br /> <pre>window.addEventListener("wheel", func); window.addEventListener("wheel", func, {passive: true} );</pre> <br /> For more background and a few stats on change, read <a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2019/02/scrolling-intervention">Making wheel events passive by default</a>.<br /> <div> <h1> Other features in this release</h1> </div> <h2> Cross-Origin resource policy</h2> <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/4647328103268352">Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy response header</a> allows http servers to ask the browser to prevent cross-origin or cross-site embedding of the returned resource. This is complementary to the Cross-Origin Read Blocking feature and is especially valuable for resources not covered by CORB (which only protects HTML, XML and JSON).<br /> <br /> <code>Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</code> is currently the only way to protect images against Spectre attacks or against compromised renderers. <br /> CSS redirects are cross-origin <br /> <br /> To align with the specification, stylesheets that (a) failed to load due to network error, or (b) loaded via a redirect from cross-origin back to same-origin <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5642183499579392">are considered cross-origin</a>.<br /> <h2> document.visibilityState set to “hidden” when WebContents is occluded</h2> Thanks to the WebContents Occlusion feature in Chromium, the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Page_Visibility_API">Page Visibility API</a> will now <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6699045456183296">accurately reflect the visibility state of web pages</a>, especially when they are occluded. In other words, the document.visibilityState value will be “hidden” when the browser tab or window is covered by one or more window.<br /> <br /> The WebContents Occlusion feature is supported only on Chrome OS and macOS at this time. Windows support is in progress.<br /> <h2> DOMMatrixReadOnly.scaleNonUniform()</h2> The <code><a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/4609831000342528">scaleNonUniform()</a></code> function post-multiplies a non-uniform scale transformation on the current matrix and returns the resulting matrix. It is being re-added to support legacy compatibility with <code>SVGMatrix</code>. Non-uniform scaling is a transformation in which at least one of the scaling factors is different from the others. For example, non-uniform scaling might turn a rectangle into a square or a parallelogram.<br /> <h2> EME extension: HDCP policy check</h2> Applications now have the ability to query whether a certain <a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2018/08/chrome-69-media-updates#hdcp">HDCP policy can be enforced</a> so that playback can be started at the optimum resolution for the best user experience. <a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://googlechrome.github.io/samples/hdcp-detection/&sa=D&ust=1549650714256000&usg=AFQjCNH_q29BEd7p_nao5vzOoGocQiv1AQ">A sample is available </a>for developers who want to try it.<br /> <h2> GamePad API: GamepadButton touched attribute</h2> The GamePad API now provides the <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5727206521176064">touched state of a gamepad button</a>, which indicates whether a finger is on a button independent of whether it's being pressed. <br /> <h2> imagesrcset and imagesizes attributes on link rel=preload</h2> The <code><link></code> element <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5164259990306816">now supports <code>imagesrcset</code> and <code>imagesizes</code></a> properties to correspond to <code>srcset</code> and <code>sizes</code> attributes of <code>HTMLImageElement</code>. To use them, the <code><link></code> element must include the <code>preload</code> and <code>image</code> keywords as shown below.<br /> <br /> <pre><link <b>rel="preload" as="image"</b> href="pic400.jpg" imagesizes="100vw" imagesrcset="pic400.jpg 400w, pic800.jpg 800w, pic1600.jpg 1600w"></pre> <h2> Implicit root scroller</h2> Implicit root scroller allows viewport-filling scrollers (iframes, divs) to perform <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5162094739587072">document-level scrolling</a>, i.e. show/hide URL bar, overscroll glow, rotation anchoring, etc.. This feature doesn't have an API so it's not on a standards track. Chrome will try to determine if a page is mainly contained in a non-document scroller and attempt to delegate its document-scrolling-UX to that scroller.<br /> <br /> This is an implicit version of the previously proposed <a href="https://github.com/bokand/root-scroller/blob/master/explainer.md">rootScrollers API</a>.<br /> <h2> ::part pseudo element on shadow hosts</h2> Chrome now supports the <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5763933658939392"><code>::part()</code> pseudo-element on shadow hosts</a>, allowing shadow hosts to selectively expose chosen elements from their shadow tree to the outside page for styling purposes.<br /> <h2> PerformanceObserver.supportedEntryTypes</h2> <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6737857909620736"><code>PerformanceObserver.supportedEntryTypes</code></a> provides a way to feature-detect the PerformanceEntry types that are implemented in a web browser. For example, a developer running this in Chrome could get something like this in the console:<br /> <br /> <pre>["longtask", "mark", "measure", "navigation", "paint", "resource"]</pre> <div> <h1> Use the response URL as the base URL for CSS and XSLT stylesheets</h1> <br /> On the web, URLs are usually relative to the document's base URL. That means, if the page is <code>/hello/</code> and contains <code><img src="world.jpg"></code>, the image is loaded from <code>/hello/world.jpg</code>.<br /> <br /> There are a couple of exceptions to this, the most common of which is CSS. Within stylesheets, URLs (e.g. for background images) are relative to the stylesheet's "response URL".<br /> <br /> The "response" distinction is important. If the page contains <code><link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles.css"></code>, and <code>/styles.css</code> redirects to <code>/foo/styles.css</code>, URLs in the stylesheet will be relative to <code>/foo/styles.css</code>. In this case the request URL is different to the response URL, and it's the response URL that's used as the base URL.<br /> <br /> With a service worker in the middle, Chrome didn't handle this correctly. It would use the request URL as the base URL for CSS. This is fixed in Chrome 73. Chrome will correctly use the response URL.<br /> <br /> This change applies to the following resource types:<br /> <br /> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5642183499579392">CSS stylesheets</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/4857368017895424">XSLT stylesheets</a></li> </ul> <h1> XHR: Use the response URL for responseURL and documents</h1> XHR's responseURL property should provide the URL of the response.<br /> <br /> In many cases, the request and response URLs are the same, but service workers can choose to return a response from elsewhere. Redirects also cause the request and response URLs to be different.<br /> <br /> If the XHR request was intercepted by a service worker, Chrome would incorrectly set responseURL to the request URL. <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5676711949631488">This is fixed in Chrome 73</a>. Chrome will correctly set responseURL to the response URL.</div> <h2> WebRTC updates</h2> <h3> RTCConfiguration.offerExtmapAllowMixed</h3> <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6269234631933952">A boolean property has been added</a> to <code>RTCConfiguration.offerExtmapAllowMixed()</code> to enable the <code>extmap-allow-mixed</code> attribute in a session description protocol (SDP) offer.<br /> <br /> The SDP attribute <code>extmap-allow-mixed</code>, as defined in RFC8285, will be included in the SDP offer if this property is set to true. The SDP attribute <code>extmap-allow-mixed</code> is supported from Chrome 71, but due to backwards compatibility problems it was not included in the SDP offer by default.<br /> <br /> This property is purely transitional. Initially it will be off by default. We hope to change the default to on when enough clients have updated their code. We hope that eventually backwards compatibility will not be needed and we can remove it completely.<br /> <h3> RTCRtpReceiver.getParameters()</h3> The <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5641443221700608">new <code>RTCRtpReceiver.getParameters()</code> method</a> returns the <code>RTCRtpReceiver</code> object's track decoding parameters, which includes the codec and RTP header lists negotiated for the call, the RTCP information, and the layer count.<br /> <br /> This method is an analog to <code>RTCRtpSender.getParameters()</code> and presents similar information for a call, but on the receiver side. It does not allow modification of the call's parameters.<br /> <h3> RTCRtpReceiver.getSynchronizationSources()</h3> <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6208698208747520">The new <code>RTCRtpReceiver.getSynchronizationSources()</code> method</a> returns the latest playout timestamps of RTP packets for audio and video receivers. This is useful for determining in real time which streams are active, such as for the use case of audio meters or prioritizing displaying active participant streams in the UI.<br /> <h3> Turn RTCRtpContributingSource from an interface into a dictionary</h3> The specification requires <code>RTCRtpContributingSource</code> to be a dictionary, but it was previously shipped as an interface. With this change <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5269288130707456"><code>RTCRtpContributingSource</code> will no longer have a prototype</a> and <code>getContributingSources()</code> will create a new set of objects with each call.<br /> <h2> Transform list interpolation</h2> Chrome has improved how CSS transforms are handled to <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6635209600532480">reduce cases where a matrix interpolation fallback is used</a>. An interpolation is an intermediate transformation. Sometimes interpretation of the CSS rule requires falling back to a matrix to accomplish the interpolation, and this can produce visual results other than what the web developer intends. To mitigate this, the specification was changed to reduce the number of situations when this can occur.<br /> <h1> Interoperability improvements</h1> <h2> Spec-compliant shadow blur-radius</h2> Historically, Blink's blur-radius interpretation has been at odds with both the CSS and Canvas2D specifications in that Blink shadows cover about <a href="https://crbug.com/179006">half the expected area</a>.<br /> <br /> With this change Gaussian blur sigma is <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6569666117894144">now computed as one-half the blur-radius</a>, as mandated by the specification. Blink's shadow implementation now matches FireFox and Safari.<br /> <h2> Remove isomorphic decoding of URL fragment identifier</h2> When Chrome opens a URL with a fragment id, it decodes <code>%xx</code> and applies <a href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#isomorphic-decode">isomorphic-decode</a> to it, then tries to find an element with the decoding result as an ID in some cases. For example, if a user opens <code>example.com/#%F8%C0</code>, Chrome does the following:<br /> <ol> <li>It searches the page for an element with <code>id="%F8%C0"</code>.</li> <li>If it’s not found, it searches the page for an element with <code>id="&#xF8;&#xC0;"</code>.</li> </ol> No other browsers do this, and it's not defined by the standard. Starting in version 73, <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/4885685374812160">Chrome no longer does this either</a>.<br /> <h1> Deprecations, and Removals</h1> <h2> Remove EXPLAIN and REINDEX support in WebSQL</h2> The output of<code>EXPLAIN</code> is not guaranteed to be stable over SQLite versions, so developers cannot rely on it. <code>REINDEX</code> is only useful when collation sequence definitions change, and Chrome only uses the built-in collation sequences. Both features are <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5874817249050624">now removed</a>.<br /> <h2> Deprecate 'drive-by downloads' in sandboxed iframes</h2> Chrome has <a href="https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5706745674465280">deprecated downloads in sandboxed <code>iframes</code></a> that lack a user gesture ('drive-by downloads'), though this restriction could be lifted via an allow-downloads-without-user-activation keyword in the sandbox attribute list. This allows content providers to restrict malicious or abusive downloads.<br /> <br /> Downloads can bring security vulnerabilities to a system. Even though additional security checks are done in Chrome and the operating system, we feel blocking downloads in sandboxed <code>iframes</code> also fits the general thought behind the sandbox. Apart from security concerns, it would be a more pleasant user experience for a click to trigger a download on the same page, compared with downloads started automatically when landing at a new page, or started non-spontaneously after the click.<br /> <br /> Removal is expected in Chrome 74. <span itemprop='author' itemscope='itemscope' itemtype='http://schema.org/Person'> <meta content='https://plus.google.com/116899029375914044550' itemprop='url'/> </span> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class='share'> <span class='twitter-custom social-wrapper' data-href='http://twitter.com/share?text=Chromium Blog:Chrome 73 Beta: Constructable stylesheets, a new RegExp function, and passive mouse events&url=https://blog.chromium.org/2019/02/chrome-73-beta-constructable.html&via=ChromiumDev'> <img alt='Share on Twitter' height='24' src='https://www.gstatic.com/images/icons/material/system/2x/post_twitter_black_24dp.png' width='24'/> </span> <span class='fb-custom social-wrapper' data-href='https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://blog.chromium.org/2019/02/chrome-73-beta-constructable.html'> <img alt='Share on Facebook' height='24' src='https://www.gstatic.com/images/icons/material/system/2x/post_facebook_black_24dp.png' width='24'/> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='cmt_iframe_holder' data-href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/02/chrome-73-beta-constructable.html' data-viewtype='FILTERED_POSTMOD'></div> <a href='https://plus.google.com/112374322230920073195' rel='author' style='display:none;'> Google </a> <div class='label-footer'> <span class='labels-caption'> Labels: </span> <span class='labels'> <a class='label' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/beta' rel='tag'> beta </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class='post' data-id='3157440700273559022' itemscope='' itemtype='http://schema.org/BlogPosting'> <h2 class='title' itemprop='name'> <a href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/02/introducing-trusted-web-activity-for.html' itemprop='url' title='Introducing a Trusted Web Activity for Android'> Introducing a Trusted Web Activity for Android </a> </h2> <div class='post-header'> <div class='published'> <span class='publishdate' itemprop='datePublished'> Tuesday, February 5, 2019 </span> </div> </div> <div class='post-body'> <div class='post-content' itemprop='articleBody'> <script type='text/template'> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">A Trusted Web Activity (TWA) displays a full screen Chrome browser inside of an Android app with no browser UI. Although Android apps routinely include web content using a Chrome Custom Tab (CCT) or WebView, a TWA offers unique advantages when you need Chrome’s performance and features in your app in full screen mode.</span></span></div> <span id="docs-internal-guid-65d80ed1-7fff-2dd4-5919-07e4aa368c57"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In this post I’ll introduce you to TWAs, review suggested use cases and link to resources to get you started. </span></span></div> </div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">What’s different about a Trusted Web Activity?  </span></span></div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">A Trusted Web Activity runs a Chrome browser full screen in an Android app, meaning there is no browser UI visible in the app, including the URL bar. This is a powerful capability so we need to verify that the app and the site belong to the same developer - hence ‘Trusted’. To verify that the app and the site opened in the TWA belong to the same developer, a TWA uses </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/digital-asset-links/v1/getting-started" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Digital Asset Links</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> to certify ownership. </span></span></div> <b id="docs-internal-guid-c84c68b7-7fff-69ad-722f-267917b38a40" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Because a TWA is a special case of a Chrome Custom Tab (CCT), it has access to all Chrome features and functionality including many not available to a WebView. If you’re not familiar with Chrome Custom Tabs, this </span><a href="https://developer.chrome.com/multidevice/android/customtabs" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">article</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> provides a complete overview. Some of the features of a TWA not available in a WebView include </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/push-notifications/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">web push notifications</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2015/12/background-sync" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">background sync</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Chrome form </span><a href="https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/142893?co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop&hl=en" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">autofill</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, </span><a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/media-source/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Media Source Extensions</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> (MSE) and the </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2016/09/navigator-share" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sharing API</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. </span></span></div> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Just like a CCT, a website loaded in a TWA shares stored data with the Chrome browser, including cookies. This implies shared session state, which for most sites means that if a user has previously signed into your website in Chrome they will also be signed into the TWA. </span></span></div> </div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">What can I use a TWA for?  </span></span></div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">TWAs are great for including full screen web content in an Android application where you need Chrome features not available in a WebView or if shared origin storage with the Chrome browser makes your user journey easier. </span></span></div> <span id="docs-internal-guid-13991367-7fff-a60c-38bc-d1d9924b432b"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">An example of this is an e-commerce site where product pages are implemented in native views but the checkout flow takes place on the website. By using a TWA your app will have Chrome’s performance and can use Chrome’s one tap signup and automatic form filling features.</span></span></div> </div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Trusted Web Activity Criteria</span></span></div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">All content in TWAs must comply with Play store </span><a href="https://play.google.com/about/developer-content-policy/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">policy</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> including policies for </span><a href="https://play.google.com/about/monetization-ads/payments/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">payments</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> in-app purchases and other digital goods. </span></span></div> <b id="docs-internal-guid-0121ba9e-7fff-e822-3ba1-bcde55140bdb" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">App users expect a great experience on their device. To ensure the quality of experience TWAs must meet PWA installability </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/app-install-banners/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">criteria</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> and load fast. Loading speed is measured using </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/tools/lighthouse/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Lighthouse</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> and web content in TWAs must achieve a performance score of 80. Lighthouse is an open-source, automated tool for auditing performance & progressive web apps and is useful both as a benchmark and to help you build better websites. </span></span></div> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">As with any Play app, additional quality criteria may apply in the future. Apps which fail to meet TWA quality requirements or Play store </span><a href="https://play.google.com/about/developer-content-policy/#!?modal_active=none" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">policy</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> may be denied entry or delisted. </span></span></div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Trusted Web Activity content security and version availability</span></span></div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The content of a TWA is protected and cannot be read or modified by the enclosing application. That means state can only be shared from the app to the TWA when it is initialized by passing in query string parameters and it is not possible to insert content into the TWA from the Android application. </span></span></div> <span id="docs-internal-guid-5b0d3f28-7fff-3106-445e-d6534a9af6ae"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">TWAs are available on devices running Android KitKat or newer (over 95% of Android devices) with Chrome installed. If Chrome is installed but is out of date, for example due to user disabled Chrome updates, a Chrome Custom Tab is automatically substituted for the TWA. </span></span></div> </div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></b> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></b> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></b> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-d82a2133-7fff-fa61-e5a1-9022e7d244ef"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Your first Trusted Web Activity</span></span></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Getting started documentation & example code for TWAs is in development and will be released soon. In the meantime reference documentation is included below.  </span></span></div> <b id="docs-internal-guid-db855983-7fff-b6e9-bd3f-09ab3f3a6cdd" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Reference</span></span></div> <ul style="margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <li><span style="color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/customtabs/TrustedWebUtils.html" style="font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none; white-space: pre;">TrustedWebUtils Android Support Library API referenc</a>e</span></span></li> <li><span style="color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://github.com/GoogleChromeLabs/svgomg-twa" style="font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none; white-space: pre;">TWA sample using TrustedWebUtils</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2019/02/using-twa">Using TWAs</a></span></li> </ul> </div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Posted by Peter Mclachlan, Product Manager</span></span></div> <span itemprop='author' itemscope='itemscope' itemtype='http://schema.org/Person'> <meta content='https://plus.google.com/116899029375914044550' itemprop='url'/> </span> </script> <noscript> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">A Trusted Web Activity (TWA) displays a full screen Chrome browser inside of an Android app with no browser UI. Although Android apps routinely include web content using a Chrome Custom Tab (CCT) or WebView, a TWA offers unique advantages when you need Chrome’s performance and features in your app in full screen mode.</span></span></div> <span id="docs-internal-guid-65d80ed1-7fff-2dd4-5919-07e4aa368c57"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In this post I’ll introduce you to TWAs, review suggested use cases and link to resources to get you started. </span></span></div> </div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">What’s different about a Trusted Web Activity?  </span></span></div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">A Trusted Web Activity runs a Chrome browser full screen in an Android app, meaning there is no browser UI visible in the app, including the URL bar. This is a powerful capability so we need to verify that the app and the site belong to the same developer - hence ‘Trusted’. To verify that the app and the site opened in the TWA belong to the same developer, a TWA uses </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/digital-asset-links/v1/getting-started" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Digital Asset Links</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> to certify ownership. </span></span></div> <b id="docs-internal-guid-c84c68b7-7fff-69ad-722f-267917b38a40" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Because a TWA is a special case of a Chrome Custom Tab (CCT), it has access to all Chrome features and functionality including many not available to a WebView. If you’re not familiar with Chrome Custom Tabs, this </span><a href="https://developer.chrome.com/multidevice/android/customtabs" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">article</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> provides a complete overview. Some of the features of a TWA not available in a WebView include </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/push-notifications/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">web push notifications</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2015/12/background-sync" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">background sync</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, Chrome form </span><a href="https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/142893?co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop&hl=en" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">autofill</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">, </span><a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/media-source/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Media Source Extensions</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> (MSE) and the </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2016/09/navigator-share" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sharing API</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. </span></span></div> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Just like a CCT, a website loaded in a TWA shares stored data with the Chrome browser, including cookies. This implies shared session state, which for most sites means that if a user has previously signed into your website in Chrome they will also be signed into the TWA. </span></span></div> </div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">What can I use a TWA for?  </span></span></div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">TWAs are great for including full screen web content in an Android application where you need Chrome features not available in a WebView or if shared origin storage with the Chrome browser makes your user journey easier. </span></span></div> <span id="docs-internal-guid-13991367-7fff-a60c-38bc-d1d9924b432b"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">An example of this is an e-commerce site where product pages are implemented in native views but the checkout flow takes place on the website. By using a TWA your app will have Chrome’s performance and can use Chrome’s one tap signup and automatic form filling features.</span></span></div> </div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Trusted Web Activity Criteria</span></span></div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">All content in TWAs must comply with Play store </span><a href="https://play.google.com/about/developer-content-policy/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">policy</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> including policies for </span><a href="https://play.google.com/about/monetization-ads/payments/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">payments</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> in-app purchases and other digital goods. </span></span></div> <b id="docs-internal-guid-0121ba9e-7fff-e822-3ba1-bcde55140bdb" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">App users expect a great experience on their device. To ensure the quality of experience TWAs must meet PWA installability </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/app-install-banners/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">criteria</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> and load fast. Loading speed is measured using </span><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/tools/lighthouse/" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Lighthouse</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> and web content in TWAs must achieve a performance score of 80. Lighthouse is an open-source, automated tool for auditing performance & progressive web apps and is useful both as a benchmark and to help you build better websites. </span></span></div> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">As with any Play app, additional quality criteria may apply in the future. Apps which fail to meet TWA quality requirements or Play store </span><a href="https://play.google.com/about/developer-content-policy/#!?modal_active=none" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">policy</span></a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> may be denied entry or delisted. </span></span></div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Trusted Web Activity content security and version availability</span></span></div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The content of a TWA is protected and cannot be read or modified by the enclosing application. That means state can only be shared from the app to the TWA when it is initialized by passing in query string parameters and it is not possible to insert content into the TWA from the Android application. </span></span></div> <span id="docs-internal-guid-5b0d3f28-7fff-3106-445e-d6534a9af6ae"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">TWAs are available on devices running Android KitKat or newer (over 95% of Android devices) with Chrome installed. If Chrome is installed but is out of date, for example due to user disabled Chrome updates, a Chrome Custom Tab is automatically substituted for the TWA. </span></span></div> </div> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></b> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></b> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></b> <b style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-d82a2133-7fff-fa61-e5a1-9022e7d244ef"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Your first Trusted Web Activity</span></span></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Getting started documentation & example code for TWAs is in development and will be released soon. In the meantime reference documentation is included below.  </span></span></div> <b id="docs-internal-guid-db855983-7fff-b6e9-bd3f-09ab3f3a6cdd" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></b> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Reference</span></span></div> <ul style="margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <li><span style="color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/customtabs/TrustedWebUtils.html" style="font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none; white-space: pre;">TrustedWebUtils Android Support Library API referenc</a>e</span></span></li> <li><span style="color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://github.com/GoogleChromeLabs/svgomg-twa" style="font-size: 11pt; text-decoration-line: none; white-space: pre;">TWA sample using TrustedWebUtils</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2019/02/using-twa">Using TWAs</a></span></li> </ul> </div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div> <div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Posted by Peter Mclachlan, Product Manager</span></span></div> <span itemprop='author' itemscope='itemscope' itemtype='http://schema.org/Person'> <meta content='https://plus.google.com/116899029375914044550' itemprop='url'/> </span> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class='share'> <span class='twitter-custom social-wrapper' data-href='http://twitter.com/share?text=Chromium Blog:Introducing a Trusted Web Activity for Android&url=https://blog.chromium.org/2019/02/introducing-trusted-web-activity-for.html&via=ChromiumDev'> <img alt='Share on Twitter' height='24' src='https://www.gstatic.com/images/icons/material/system/2x/post_twitter_black_24dp.png' width='24'/> </span> <span class='fb-custom social-wrapper' data-href='https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://blog.chromium.org/2019/02/introducing-trusted-web-activity-for.html'> <img alt='Share on Facebook' height='24' src='https://www.gstatic.com/images/icons/material/system/2x/post_facebook_black_24dp.png' width='24'/> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div 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src='data:image/png;base64,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'/> <h2> Labels </h2> <i class='material-icons arrow'>  </i> </div> <div class='widget-content list-label-widget-content'> <ul> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/%24200K'> $200K </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/10th%20birthday'> 10th birthday </a> <span dir='ltr'> 4 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/abusive%20ads'> abusive ads </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/abusive%20notifications'> abusive notifications </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/accessibility'> accessibility </a> <span dir='ltr'> 3 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/ad%20blockers'> ad blockers </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/ad%20blocking'> ad blocking </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/advanced%20capabilities'> advanced capabilities </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/android'> android </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/anti%20abuse'> anti abuse </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/anti-deception'> anti-deception </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/background%20periodic%20sync'> background periodic sync </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/badging'> badging </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/benchmarks'> benchmarks </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/beta'> beta </a> <span dir='ltr'> 83 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/better%20ads%20standards'> better ads standards </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/billing'> billing </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/birthday'> birthday </a> <span dir='ltr'> 4 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/blink'> blink </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/browser'> browser </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/browser%20interoperability'> browser interoperability </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/bundles'> bundles </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/capabilities'> capabilities </a> <span dir='ltr'> 6 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/capable%20web'> capable web </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/cds'> cds </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/cds18'> cds18 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/cds2018'> cds2018 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome'> chrome </a> <span dir='ltr'> 35 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%2081'> chrome 81 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%2083'> chrome 83 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%2084'> chrome 84 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20ads'> chrome ads </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20apps'> chrome apps </a> <span dir='ltr'> 5 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Chrome%20dev'> Chrome dev </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20dev%20summit'> chrome dev summit </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20dev%20summit%202018'> chrome dev summit 2018 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20dev%20summit%202019'> chrome dev summit 2019 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20developer'> chrome developer </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Chrome%20Developer%20Center'> Chrome Developer Center </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20developer%20summit'> chrome developer summit </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20devtools'> chrome devtools </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Chrome%20extension'> Chrome extension </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20extensions'> chrome extensions </a> <span dir='ltr'> 3 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Chrome%20Frame'> Chrome Frame </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Chrome%20lite'> Chrome lite </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Chrome%20on%20Android'> Chrome on Android </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20on%20ios'> chrome on ios </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Chrome%20on%20Mac'> Chrome on Mac </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Chrome%20OS'> Chrome OS </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20privacy'> chrome privacy </a> <span dir='ltr'> 4 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20releases'> chrome releases </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20security'> chrome security </a> <span dir='ltr'> 10 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chrome%20web%20store'> chrome web store </a> <span dir='ltr'> 32 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chromedevtools'> chromedevtools </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chromeframe'> chromeframe </a> <span dir='ltr'> 3 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chromeos'> chromeos </a> <span dir='ltr'> 4 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chromeos.dev'> chromeos.dev </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/chromium'> chromium </a> <span dir='ltr'> 9 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/cloud%20print'> cloud print </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/coalition'> coalition </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/coalition%20for%20better%20ads'> coalition for better ads </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/contact%20picker'> contact picker </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/content%20indexing'> content indexing </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/cookies'> cookies </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/core%20web%20vitals'> core web vitals </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/csrf'> csrf </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/css'> css </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/cumulative%20layout%20shift'> cumulative layout shift </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/custom%20tabs'> custom tabs </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/dart'> dart </a> <span dir='ltr'> 8 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/dashboard'> dashboard </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Data%20Saver'> Data Saver </a> <span dir='ltr'> 3 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Data%20saver%20desktop%20extension'> Data saver desktop extension </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/day%202'> day 2 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/deceptive%20installation'> deceptive installation </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/declarative%20net%20request%20api'> declarative net request api </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/design'> design </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/developer%20dashboard'> developer dashboard </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Developer%20Program%20Policy'> Developer Program Policy </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/developer%20website'> developer website </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/devtools'> devtools </a> <span dir='ltr'> 13 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/digital%20event'> digital event </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/discoverability'> discoverability </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/DNS-over-HTTPS'> DNS-over-HTTPS </a> <span dir='ltr'> 4 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/DoH'> DoH </a> <span dir='ltr'> 4 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/emoji'> emoji </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/emscriptem'> emscriptem </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/enterprise'> enterprise </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/extensions'> extensions </a> <span dir='ltr'> 27 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Fast%20badging'> Fast badging </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/faster%20web'> faster web </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/features'> features </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/feedback'> feedback </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/field%20data'> field data </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/first%20input%20delay'> first input delay </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Follow'> Follow </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/fonts'> fonts </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/form%20controls'> form controls </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/frameworks'> frameworks </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/fugu'> fugu </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/fund'> fund </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/funding'> funding </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/gdd'> gdd </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/google%20earth'> google earth </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/google%20event'> google event </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/google%20io%202019'> google io 2019 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/google%20web%20developer'> google web developer </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/googlechrome'> googlechrome </a> <span dir='ltr'> 12 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/harmful%20ads'> harmful ads </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/html5'> html5 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 11 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/HTTP%2F3'> HTTP/3 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/HTTPS'> HTTPS </a> <span dir='ltr'> 4 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/iframes'> iframes </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/images'> images </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/incognito'> incognito </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/insecure%20forms'> insecure forms </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/intent%20to%20explain'> intent to explain </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/ios'> ios </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/ios%20Chrome'> ios Chrome </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/issue%20tracker'> issue tracker </a> <span dir='ltr'> 3 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/jank'> jank </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/javascript'> javascript </a> <span dir='ltr'> 5 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/lab%20data'> lab data </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/labelling'> labelling </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/largest%20contentful%20paint'> largest contentful paint </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/launch'> launch </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/lazy-loading'> lazy-loading </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/lighthouse'> lighthouse </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/linux'> linux </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Lite%20Mode'> Lite Mode </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Lite%20pages'> Lite pages </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/loading%20interventions'> loading interventions </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/loading%20optimizations'> loading optimizations </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/lock%20icon'> lock icon </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/long-tail'> long-tail </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/mac'> mac </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/manifest%20v3'> manifest v3 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/metrics'> metrics </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/microsoft%20edge'> microsoft edge </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/mixed%20forms'> mixed forms </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/mobile'> mobile </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/na'> na </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/native%20client'> native client </a> <span dir='ltr'> 8 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/native%20file%20system'> native file system </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/New%20Features'> New Features </a> <span dir='ltr'> 5 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/notifications'> notifications </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/octane'> octane </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/open%20web'> open web </a> <span dir='ltr'> 4 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/origin%20trials'> origin trials </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/pagespeed%20insights'> pagespeed insights </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/pagespeedinsights'> pagespeedinsights </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/passwords'> passwords </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/payment%20handler'> payment handler </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/payment%20request'> payment request </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/payments'> payments </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/performance'> performance </a> <span dir='ltr'> 20 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/performance%20tools'> performance tools </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/permission%20UI'> permission UI </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/permissions'> permissions </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/play%20store'> play store </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/portals'> portals </a> <span dir='ltr'> 3 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/prefetching'> prefetching </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/privacy'> privacy </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/privacy%20sandbox'> privacy sandbox </a> <span dir='ltr'> 4 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/private%20prefetch%20proxy'> private prefetch proxy </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/profile%20guided%20optimization'> profile guided optimization </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/progressive%20web%20apps'> progressive web apps </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Project%20Strobe'> Project Strobe </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/protection'> protection </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/pwa'> pwa </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/QUIC'> QUIC </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/quieter%20permissions'> quieter permissions </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/releases'> releases </a> <span dir='ltr'> 3 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/removals'> removals </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/rlz'> rlz </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/root%20program'> root program </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/safe%20browsing'> safe browsing </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/Secure%20DNS'> Secure DNS </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/security'> security </a> <span dir='ltr'> 36 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/site%20isolation'> site isolation </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/slow%20loading'> slow loading </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/sms%20receiver'> sms receiver </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/spam%20policy'> spam policy </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/spdy'> spdy </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/spectre'> spectre </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/speed'> speed </a> <span dir='ltr'> 4 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/ssl'> ssl </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/store%20listing'> store listing </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/strobe'> strobe </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/subscription%20pages'> subscription pages </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/suspicious%20site%20reporter%20extension'> suspicious site reporter extension </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/TCP'> TCP </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/the%20fast%20and%20the%20curious'> the fast and the curious </a> <span dir='ltr'> 23 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/TLS'> TLS </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/tools'> tools </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/tracing'> tracing </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/transparency'> transparency </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/trusted%20web%20activities'> trusted web activities </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/twa'> twa </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/user%20agent%20string'> user agent string </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/user%20data%20policy'> user data policy </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/v8'> v8 </a> <span dir='ltr'> 6 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/video'> video </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/wasm'> wasm </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web'> web </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web%20apps'> web apps </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web%20assembly'> web assembly </a> <span dir='ltr'> 2 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web%20developers'> web developers </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web%20intents'> web intents </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web%20packaging'> web packaging </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web%20payments'> web payments </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web%20platform'> web platform </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web%20request%20api'> web request api </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web%20vitals'> web vitals </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web.dev'> web.dev </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/web.dev%20live'> web.dev live </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/webapi'> webapi </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/webassembly'> webassembly </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/webaudio'> webaudio </a> <span dir='ltr'> 3 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/webgl'> webgl </a> <span dir='ltr'> 7 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/webkit'> webkit </a> <span dir='ltr'> 5 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/WebM'> WebM </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/webmaster'> webmaster </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/webp'> webp </a> <span dir='ltr'> 5 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/webrtc'> webrtc </a> <span dir='ltr'> 6 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/websockets'> websockets </a> <span dir='ltr'> 5 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/webtiming'> webtiming </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/writable-files'> writable-files </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> <li> <a dir='ltr' href='https://blog.chromium.org/search/label/yerba%20beuna%20center%20for%20the%20arts'> yerba beuna center for the arts </a> <span dir='ltr'> 1 </span> </li> </ul> <div class='clear'></div> </div> </div><div class='widget BlogArchive' 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href='https://blog.chromium.org/2024/06/'> Jun </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2024/05/'> May </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2024/04/'> Apr </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2024/03/'> Mar </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2024/02/'> Feb </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class='intervalToggle'> 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class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2022/01/'> Jan </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class='intervalToggle'> <span class='new-toggle' href='javascript:void(0)'> <i class='material-icons arrow'>  </i> </span> <a class='toggle' href='javascript:void(0)' style='display: none'> <span class='zippy'> <i class='material-icons'>  </i>   </span> </a> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2021/'> 2021 </a> </div> <div class='items'> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2021/12/'> Dec </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2021/11/'> Nov </a> </div> <div class='items'> 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class='material-icons arrow'>  </i> </span> <a class='toggle' href='javascript:void(0)' style='display: none'> <span class='zippy toggle-open'> <i class='material-icons'>  </i>   </span> </a> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/'> 2019 </a> </div> <div class='items'> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/12/'> Dec </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/11/'> Nov </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/10/'> Oct </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/09/'> Sep </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/08/'> Aug </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/07/'> Jul </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/06/'> Jun </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/05/'> May </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/04/'> Apr </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/03/'> Mar </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate expanded'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/02/'> Feb </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2019/01/'> Jan </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class='intervalToggle'> <span class='new-toggle' href='javascript:void(0)'> <i class='material-icons arrow'>  </i> </span> <a class='toggle' href='javascript:void(0)' style='display: none'> <span class='zippy'> <i class='material-icons'>  </i>   </span> </a> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2018/'> 2018 </a> </div> <div class='items'> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2018/12/'> Dec </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2018/11/'> Nov </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2018/10/'> Oct </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2018/09/'> Sep </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> 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class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2018/03/'> Mar </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2018/02/'> Feb </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2018/01/'> Jan </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class='intervalToggle'> <span class='new-toggle' href='javascript:void(0)'> <i class='material-icons arrow'>  </i> </span> <a class='toggle' href='javascript:void(0)' style='display: none'> <span class='zippy'> <i class='material-icons'>  </i>   </span> </a> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2017/'> 2017 </a> </div> <div class='items'> <ul class='hierarchy'> 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class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2017/07/'> Jul </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2017/06/'> Jun </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2017/05/'> May </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2017/04/'> Apr </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2017/03/'> Mar </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2017/02/'> Feb </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2017/01/'> Jan </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class='intervalToggle'> <span class='new-toggle' href='javascript:void(0)'> <i class='material-icons arrow'>  </i> </span> <a class='toggle' href='javascript:void(0)' style='display: none'> <span class='zippy'> <i class='material-icons'>  </i>   </span> </a> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2016/'> 2016 </a> </div> <div class='items'> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2016/12/'> Dec </a> </div> <div class='items'> 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</div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2015/09/'> Sep </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2015/08/'> Aug </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2015/07/'> Jul </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2015/06/'> Jun </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2015/05/'> May </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2015/04/'> Apr </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2015/03/'> Mar </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2015/02/'> Feb </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2015/01/'> Jan </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class='intervalToggle'> <span class='new-toggle' href='javascript:void(0)'> <i class='material-icons arrow'>  </i> </span> <a class='toggle' href='javascript:void(0)' style='display: none'> <span class='zippy'> <i class='material-icons'>  </i>   </span> </a> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/'> 2014 </a> </div> <div class='items'> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/12/'> Dec </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/11/'> Nov </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/10/'> Oct </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/09/'> Sep </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/08/'> Aug </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/07/'> Jul </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/06/'> Jun </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/05/'> May </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/04/'> Apr </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/03/'> Mar </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/02/'> Feb </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2014/01/'> Jan </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class='intervalToggle'> <span class='new-toggle' href='javascript:void(0)'> <i class='material-icons arrow'>  </i> </span> <a class='toggle' href='javascript:void(0)' style='display: none'> <span class='zippy'> <i 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class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2012/02/'> Feb </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2012/01/'> Jan </a> </div> <div class='items'> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class='intervalToggle'> <span class='new-toggle' href='javascript:void(0)'> <i class='material-icons arrow'>  </i> </span> <a class='toggle' href='javascript:void(0)' style='display: none'> <span class='zippy'> <i class='material-icons'>  </i>   </span> </a> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2011/'> 2011 </a> </div> <div class='items'> <ul class='hierarchy'> <li class='archivedate collapsed'> <div class=''> <a class='post-count-link' href='https://blog.chromium.org/2011/12/'> Dec </a> </div> <div class='items'> 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