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href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tej_Singh" title="Tej Singh – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tej Singh" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D" title="തേജ് സിങ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തേജ് സിങ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%98" title="ਤੇਜ ਸਿੰਘ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੇਜ ਸਿੰਘ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Sikh Warrior who Commanded sikh khalsa Army during First Anglo Sikh War</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Sikh commander, Tej Singh. For the Bundela Rajput commander of the Gingee fort, Raja Tej Singh, see <a href="/wiki/Desingh" title="Desingh">Desingh</a>. For the Maharaj of Alwar, see <a href="/wiki/Tej_Singh_Prabhakar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tej Singh Prabhakar">Tej Singh Prabhakar</a>. For the Indian politician, see <a href="/wiki/Tej_Singh_(politician)" title="Tej Singh (politician)">Tej Singh (politician)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Tej_Singh_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Tej Singh (disambiguation)">Tej Singh (disambiguation)</a>.</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline-block;">Raja</div><br /><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Tej Singh</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Miniature_painting_of_a_seated_Raja_Tej_Singh_with_a_sword_on_his_lap_and_shield_on_his_back.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Miniature_painting_of_a_seated_Raja_Tej_Singh_with_a_sword_on_his_lap_and_shield_on_his_back.jpg/220px-Miniature_painting_of_a_seated_Raja_Tej_Singh_with_a_sword_on_his_lap_and_shield_on_his_back.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Miniature_painting_of_a_seated_Raja_Tej_Singh_with_a_sword_on_his_lap_and_shield_on_his_back.jpg/330px-Miniature_painting_of_a_seated_Raja_Tej_Singh_with_a_sword_on_his_lap_and_shield_on_his_back.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Miniature_painting_of_a_seated_Raja_Tej_Singh_with_a_sword_on_his_lap_and_shield_on_his_back.jpg/440px-Miniature_painting_of_a_seated_Raja_Tej_Singh_with_a_sword_on_his_lap_and_shield_on_his_back.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1374" data-file-height="1991" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%">Miniature painting of a seated Raja Tej Singh with a sword on his lap and shield on his back</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Birth name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Tej Ram</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1799</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">4 December 1862</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">General</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Divan" title="Divan">Diwan</a> of <a href="/wiki/Peshawar" title="Peshawar">Peshawar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Narinder Singh</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Relations</th><td class="infobox-data">Misr Niddha (father) Harbans Singh (brother)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tej Singh</b> (1799 – 4 December 1862; or <b>Raja Teja Singh</b>) was a <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> commander in the <a href="/wiki/Sikh_Empire" title="Sikh Empire">Sikh Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was appointed as commander-in-chief of the <a href="/wiki/Sikh_Khalsa_Army" title="Sikh Khalsa Army">Sikh Khalsa Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Anglo-Sikh War">First Anglo-Sikh War</a><sup id="cite_ref-sikh-heritage_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sikh-heritage-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Amarpal2010_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amarpal2010-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bawa_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bawa-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> betraying the army he was supposed to lead.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In return for his loyalty to the invader, the <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a> made Tej Singh <a href="/wiki/Raja" title="Raja">Raja</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sialkot" title="Sialkot">Sialkot</a>. It appointed him to head the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Regency" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Regency">Council of Regency</a> on behalf of the minor <a href="/wiki/Duleep_Singh" title="Duleep Singh">Dalip Singh</a>. He was one of six signatories to the 1849 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lahore" title="Treaty of Lahore">Treaty of Lahore</a>, which agreed to the surrender of the <a href="/wiki/Koh-i-Noor" title="Koh-i-Noor">Koh-i-Noor</a> diamond by the Maharaja of Lahore to the Queen of England. All the signatories, on behalf of the minor Dalip Singh, endorsed the treaty in return for being permitted to retain their <a href="/wiki/Jagir" title="Jagir">jagirs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tej_Singh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tej_Singh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tej Singh was born as Tej Ram in 1799 into a <a href="/wiki/Gaur_Brahmins" title="Gaur Brahmins">Gaur Brahmin</a> family.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father was Misr Niddha of Meerut district, who was commander of the Sikh Khalsa Army.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a relative of <a href="/wiki/Khushal_Singh_Jamadar" title="Khushal Singh Jamadar">Jamadar Khushal Singh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He first began working in the court of the Lahore Durbar in 1812.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1816, he underwent the <i><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Sanskar" title="Amrit Sanskar">Pahul</a></i> and was rechristened as Tej Singh.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_and_administrative_career">Military and administrative career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tej_Singh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Military and administrative career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After proving his worth as a soldier during the invasions of Kashmir in 1813, 1814, and 1819, alongside the operations against <a href="/wiki/Mankera" title="Mankera">Mankera</a>, Leiah, and <a href="/wiki/Derajat" title="Derajat">Derajat</a>, he was promoted to the rank of general in the Sikh army in 1818.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He played a role in the Peshawar operation of 1823, where he served as operational commander.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this campaign, he took part in the battle of Teri.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1831, twenty-two battalions of the regular Sikh army came under his command.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1839, he assisted with a Colonel Wade's joint-invasion of Afghanistan and was based in Peshawar.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Court_politics_and_alleged_betrayal">Court politics and alleged betrayal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tej_Singh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Court politics and alleged betrayal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the death of Maharaja <a href="/wiki/Ranjit_Singh" title="Ranjit Singh">Ranjit Singh</a>, the Sikh court became fractious and the various agents acted at cross purposes to each other. </p><p>He had considerable influence over <a href="/wiki/Nau_Nihal_Singh" title="Nau Nihal Singh">Nau Nihal Singh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He endorsed Chand Kaur's regency after the sudden death of Nau Nihal Singh.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maharaja_Duleep_Singh_in_durbar_on_a_terrace_with_Labh_Singh_and_Tej_Singh_and_an_attendant_Lahore,_circa_1850.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Maharaja_Duleep_Singh_in_durbar_on_a_terrace_with_Labh_Singh_and_Tej_Singh_and_an_attendant_Lahore%2C_circa_1850.jpg/220px-Maharaja_Duleep_Singh_in_durbar_on_a_terrace_with_Labh_Singh_and_Tej_Singh_and_an_attendant_Lahore%2C_circa_1850.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Maharaja_Duleep_Singh_in_durbar_on_a_terrace_with_Labh_Singh_and_Tej_Singh_and_an_attendant_Lahore%2C_circa_1850.jpg/330px-Maharaja_Duleep_Singh_in_durbar_on_a_terrace_with_Labh_Singh_and_Tej_Singh_and_an_attendant_Lahore%2C_circa_1850.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Maharaja_Duleep_Singh_in_durbar_on_a_terrace_with_Labh_Singh_and_Tej_Singh_and_an_attendant_Lahore%2C_circa_1850.jpg/440px-Maharaja_Duleep_Singh_in_durbar_on_a_terrace_with_Labh_Singh_and_Tej_Singh_and_an_attendant_Lahore%2C_circa_1850.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2534" data-file-height="2118" /></a><figcaption>Maharaja Duleep Singh in durbar on a terrace with Labh Singh and Tej Singh and an attendant, Lahore, circa 1850</figcaption></figure> <p>Tej Singh appears to have had loyalties to the Raja <a href="/wiki/Gulab_Singh" title="Gulab Singh">Gulab Singh</a> of Jammu and he, along with Gulab Singh, believed it to be a mistake to be warring with the British. However, <a href="/wiki/Rani_Jindan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rani Jindan">Rani Jindan</a>, the Regent acting on behalf of the anointed prince <a href="/wiki/Duleep_Singh" title="Duleep Singh">Duleep Singh</a>, ordered him to march the troops against the British. He did so reluctantly.<sup id="cite_ref-Bawa_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bawa-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Harbans_Singh" title="Harbans Singh">Harbans Singh</a> writing in <i>The Encyclopedia of Sikhism</i>, his actions and commands during both Anglo-Sikh Wars was "marked by duplicity" and that he had "established secret liaison with the British".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An instance revealing this duplicity is said to be his lack of action when two Sikh divisions under his command were near the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Firozpur" title="Firozpur">Firozpur</a> and could have overwhelmed the locality's tiny British garrison but Tej Singh never gave the command to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another example given is his conduct during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ferozeshah" title="Battle of Ferozeshah">Battle of Ferozeshah</a> fought on 21–22 December 1845, where the force he commanded had clear opportunities to strike a victory over British forces but he stopped them from doing so, ordering his forces to cease fire when the British were in a vulnerable position.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He would abandon the battlefield for Lahore.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sobraon" title="Battle of Sobraon">Battle of Sobraon</a> fought on 10 February 1846, General Tej Singh crossed a pontoon bridge on the Sutlej river and ordered its destruction. According to historian Amar Pal Sidhu, this incident led to the defeat of the Sikh Army, possibly as intended by Tej Singh.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harbans Singh illustrates that Tej Singh also fled from the battle alongside Lal Singh, even though the tide of the battle was still not certain and either side could still win.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He instructed <a href="/wiki/Sham_Singh_Attariwala" title="Sham Singh Attariwala">Sham Singh Attariwala</a> to do the same but the latter refused and fought till his death.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whilst in retreat, he ordered troops under his command to destroy boats and a <i>tete de pont</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bridgehead" title="Bridgehead">bridgehead</a>) to hamper the withdrawal of Sikh forces and dooming them.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the defeat of Sikhs, the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lahore" title="Treaty of Lahore">Treaty of Lahore</a> was signed by which Kashmir was sold to Gulab Singh to pay war indemnities to the British as well as the army was regulated.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_life">Later life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tej_Singh&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Watercolour_on_paper_depicting_Tej_Singh_with_his_son_and_nephew,_by_William_Carpenter,_ca.1850%E2%80%9357.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Watercolour_on_paper_depicting_Tej_Singh_with_his_son_and_nephew%2C_by_William_Carpenter%2C_ca.1850%E2%80%9357.jpg/220px-Watercolour_on_paper_depicting_Tej_Singh_with_his_son_and_nephew%2C_by_William_Carpenter%2C_ca.1850%E2%80%9357.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Watercolour_on_paper_depicting_Tej_Singh_with_his_son_and_nephew%2C_by_William_Carpenter%2C_ca.1850%E2%80%9357.jpg/330px-Watercolour_on_paper_depicting_Tej_Singh_with_his_son_and_nephew%2C_by_William_Carpenter%2C_ca.1850%E2%80%9357.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Watercolour_on_paper_depicting_Tej_Singh_with_his_son_and_nephew%2C_by_William_Carpenter%2C_ca.1850%E2%80%9357.jpg/440px-Watercolour_on_paper_depicting_Tej_Singh_with_his_son_and_nephew%2C_by_William_Carpenter%2C_ca.1850%E2%80%9357.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1884" /></a><figcaption>Watercolour on paper depicting Tej Singh with his son and nephew, by William Carpenter, ca.1850–57</figcaption></figure> <p>After the demise of the Sikh Empire in 1849, he enjoyed special benefits in the new colony that the British bestowed upon him, including all "rights and privileges" he enjoyed during the rule of the Sikh Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was bestowed the power of a magistrate in his estate and was given a high position with full powers for management of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Temple" title="Golden Temple">Golden Temple</a> complex in <a href="/wiki/Amritsar" title="Amritsar">Amritsar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He supported the British plight during the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Sepoy Mutiny of 1857</a> and sent cavalry troops to assist his British colonial masters.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was awarded the title of <i>Raja of Batala</i> after his dispersed <i><a href="/wiki/Jagir" title="Jagir">jagirs</a></i> were amalgamated.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He died on 4 December 1862 and was succeeded by his adopted son (whom was actually his brother) Harbans Singh.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had a biological son named Narindar Singh.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tej_Singh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSingh2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Singh, Harbans (2004). <i>Encyclopedia of Sikhism</i>. Vol. 4: S-Z (2nd ed.). Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 343–344.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Sikhism&rft.pages=343-344&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Punjabi+University%2C+Patiala&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Harbans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATej+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sikh-heritage-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sikh-heritage_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sikh-heritage.co.uk/postgurus/herosvillains/heroes%20villains.htm">"Heroes and Villains of Sikh Rule"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180101112327/http://www.sikh-heritage.co.uk/postgurus/herosvillains/heroes%20villains.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heroes+and+Villains+of+Sikh+Rule&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sikh-heritage.co.uk%2Fpostgurus%2Fherosvillains%2Fheroes%2520villains.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATej+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Amarpal2010-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Amarpal2010_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2010" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Amarpal (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RHWoAwAAQBAJ&q=tej+singh+anglo+sikh+war"><i>The First Anglo-Sikh War</i></a>. Amberley Publishing Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781445620381" title="Special:BookSources/9781445620381"><bdi>9781445620381</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+Anglo-Sikh+War&rft.pub=Amberley+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781445620381&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Amarpal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRHWoAwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dtej%2Bsingh%2Banglo%2Bsikh%2Bwar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATej+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/sikh-generals-betrayal-opened-door-for-british/articleshow/62003378.cms">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Sikh generals' betrayal opened door for British' |"</a>. <i>Times of India</i>. 10 December 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180726190219/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/sikh-generals-betrayal-opened-door-for-british/articleshow/62003378.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 26 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+India&rft.atitle=%27Sikh+generals%27+betrayal+opened+door+for+British%27+%26%23124%3B&rft.date=2017-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fchandigarh%2Fsikh-generals-betrayal-opened-door-for-british%2Farticleshow%2F62003378.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATej+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bawa-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bawa_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bawa_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBawa_Satinder_Singh1971" class="citation journal cs1">Bawa Satinder Singh (January 1971). "Raja Gulab Singh's Role in the First Anglo-Sikh War". <i>Modern Asian Studies</i>. <b>5</b>: 35–59. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0026749X00002845">10.1017/S0026749X00002845</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modern+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=Raja+Gulab+Singh%27s+Role+in+the+First+Anglo-Sikh+War&rft.volume=5&rft.pages=35-59&rft.date=1971-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0026749X00002845&rft.au=Bawa+Satinder+Singh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATej+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1251124">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Teja' the traitor who became Raja of Sialkot"</a>. <i>Dawn</i>. 10 April 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180723034053/https://www.dawn.com/news/1251124">Archived</a> from the original on 23 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=%27Teja%27+the+traitor+who+became+Raja+of+Sialkot&rft.date=2016-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1251124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATej+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNalwa,_V.2022" class="citation book cs1">Nalwa, V. (2022). <i>Ranjit Singh—Monarch Mystique</i>. HSNFT. p. 283. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-910526-1-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-910526-1-9"><bdi>978-81-910526-1-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ranjit+Singh%E2%80%94Monarch+Mystique&rft.pages=283&rft.pub=HSNFT&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-81-910526-1-9&rft.au=Nalwa%2C+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATej+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingha2000" class="citation book cs1">Singha, H.S. (2000). <i>The Encyclopedia of Sikhism (Over 1000 Entries)</i>. Hemkunt Press. p. 196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788170103011" title="Special:BookSources/9788170103011"><bdi>9788170103011</bdi></a>. <q>TEJ SINGH: After the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1839 AD, the Sikh empire quickly disintegrated largely because of the palace conspiracies and the role played by Dogra-Brahmins occupying high positions in the court. One of these Dogra-Brahmins was Tej Singh son of Nidhe Misr who had risen to the post of the Commander-in-Chief of the Sikh forces. The first Anglo-Sikh War in 1845-46 AD was lost among other things because Tej Singh deliberately directed the Sikh forces to advance towards those targets where they could easily fall into the enemy's trap. According to J.D Cunningham, he was in league with the British. Tej Singh died in 1862 AD.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Sikhism+%28Over+1000+Entries%29&rft.pages=196&rft.pub=Hemkunt+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9788170103011&rft.aulast=Singha&rft.aufirst=H.S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATej+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/had-generals-not-betrayed-sikh-army-british-would-have-left-in-1857/story-rVmg6uc7bHh4MQaYEiM3LL.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Had generals not betrayed Sikh army, British would have left in 1857... there would be no Pakistan' | punjab &#124"</a>. <i>Hindustan Times</i>. 22 April 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180723004008/https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/had-generals-not-betrayed-sikh-army-british-would-have-left-in-1857/story-rVmg6uc7bHh4MQaYEiM3LL.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=%27Had+generals+not+betrayed+Sikh+army%2C+British+would+have+left+in+1857...+there+would+be+no+Pakistan%27+%26%23124%3B+punjab+%26%23124&rft.date=2016-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fpunjab%2Fhad-generals-not-betrayed-sikh-army-british-would-have-left-in-1857%2Fstory-rVmg6uc7bHh4MQaYEiM3LL.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATej+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Treaty-of-Lahore">"Treaty of Lahore | Indian history"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Treaty+of+Lahore+%26%23124%3B+Indian+history&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FTreaty-of-Lahore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATej+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tej_Singh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tej_Singh" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tej Singh">Tej Singh</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Sikh_Empire" title="Template:Sikh Empire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sikh_Empire" title="Template talk:Sikh Empire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sikh_Empire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sikh Empire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sikh_Empire" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Empire" title="Sikh Empire">Sikh Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Rulers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranjit_Singh" title="Ranjit Singh">Ranjit Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharak_Singh" title="Kharak Singh">Kharak Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nau_Nihal_Singh" title="Nau Nihal Singh">Nau Nihal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chand_Kaur" title="Chand Kaur">Chand Kaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sher_Singh" title="Sher Singh">Sher Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jind_Kaur" title="Jind Kaur">Jind Kaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duleep_Singh" title="Duleep Singh">Duleep Singh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Military<br />conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mughal-Sikh_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal-Sikh Wars">Mughal-Sikh Wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bhangani" title="Battle of Bhangani">Battle of Bhangani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nadaun" title="Battle of Nadaun">Nadaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Basoli" title="Battle of Basoli">Basoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Anandpur" class="mw-redirect" title="First Battle of Anandpur">1st Anandpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Anandpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Battle of Anandpur">2nd Anandpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chamkaur_(1704)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Chamkaur (1704)">Chamkaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarsa" title="Battle of Sarsa">Sarsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Muktsar" title="Battle of Muktsar">Muktsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sonepat" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Sonepat">Sonepat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Samana" title="Battle of Samana">Samana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sirhind" title="Siege of Sirhind">Sirhind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sadhaura" title="Battle of Sadhaura">Sadhaura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chappar_Chiri" title="Battle of Chappar Chiri">Chappar Chiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rahon_(1710)" title="Battle of Rahon (1710)">Rahon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lohgarh" title="Battle of Lohgarh">Lohgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jalalabad_(1710)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Jalalabad (1710)">Jalalabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jammu" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Jammu">Jammu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gurdas_Nangal" title="Battle of Gurdas Nangal">Gurdas Nangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Delhi_(1783)" title="Battle of Delhi (1783)">Delhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afghan%E2%80%93Sikh_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghan–Sikh wars">Afghan–Sikh wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Attock" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Attock">Battle of Attock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Multan" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Multan">Battle of Multan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shopian" title="Battle of Shopian">Battle of Shopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nowshera" title="Battle of Nowshera">Battle of Nowshera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Peshawar_(1834)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Peshawar (1834)">Battle of Peshawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jamrud" title="Battle of Jamrud">Battle of Jamrud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Anglo-Sikh War">First Anglo-Sikh War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mudki" title="Battle of Mudki">Battle of Mudki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ferozeshah" title="Battle of Ferozeshah">Battle of Ferozeshah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aliwal" title="Battle of Aliwal">Battle of Aliwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sobraon" title="Battle of Sobraon">Battle of Sobraon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Anglo-Sikh War">Second Anglo-Sikh War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ramnagar" title="Battle of Ramnagar">Battle of Ramnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chillianwala" title="Battle of Chillianwala">Battle of Chillianwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Multan_(1848%E2%80%931849)" title="Siege of Multan (1848–1849)">Siege of Multan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gujrat" title="Battle of Gujrat">Battle of Gujrat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepal–Sikh War">Nepal–Sikh War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dogra%E2%80%93Tibetan_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Dogra–Tibetan War">Sino-Sikh war</a>, Katoch–Sikh War, <a href="/wiki/Hill_States%E2%80%93Sikh_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Hill States–Sikh Wars">Hill States–Sikh Wars</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panchayati_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panchayati Revolution (page does not exist)">Panchayati Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_battles_involving_the_Sikh_Empire" title="List of battles involving the Sikh Empire">List of battles involving the Sikh Empire</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Military forces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Khalsa_Army" title="Sikh Khalsa Army">Sikh Khalsa Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauj-i-Khas" title="Fauj-i-Khas">Fauj-i-Khas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauj-i-Ain" title="Fauj-i-Ain">Fauj-i-Ain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampu-i-mu%27alla" title="Kampu-i-mu'alla">Kampu-i-mu'alla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Adversaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durrani_Empire" title="Durrani Empire">Durrani Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Afghanistan" title="Emirate of Afghanistan">Emirate of Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">British East India Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Kingdom of Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_States_of_India" title="Hill States of India">Hill States Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mankera" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Mankera">Kingdom of Mankera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namgyal_dynasty_of_Ladakh" title="Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh">Namgyal dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barakzai_dynasty" title="Barakzai dynasty">Barakzai dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudhan" title="Sudhan">Sudhans</a> of Poonch</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maqpon_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Maqpon Dynasty">Maqpon Dynasty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamrud_Fort" title="Jamrud Fort">Jamrud Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multan_Fort" title="Multan Fort">Multan Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harkishangarh" class="mw-redirect" title="Harkishangarh">Harkishangarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Fort" title="Lahore Fort">Lahore Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorawar_Fort" title="Zorawar Fort">Zorawar Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahu_Fort" title="Bahu Fort">Bahu Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobindgarh_Fort" title="Gobindgarh Fort">Gobindgarh Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillaur_Fort" title="Phillaur Fort">Phillaur Fort</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Officials and warriors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Natives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhian_Singh" title="Dhian Singh">Dhian Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Dina_Nath" title="Diwan Dina Nath">Diwan Dina Nath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Bhawani_Das" title="Diwan Bhawani Das">Diwan Bhawani Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Buta_Singh" title="Diwan Buta Singh">Diwan Buta Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratap_Singh_(Sikh_prince)" title="Pratap Singh (Sikh prince)">Pratap Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misr_Diwan_Chand" title="Misr Diwan Chand">Misr Diwan Chand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Mulraj_Chopra" title="Diwan Mulraj Chopra">Diwan Mulraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Singh_Nalwa" title="Hari Singh Nalwa">Hari Singh Nalwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahan_Singh_Mirpuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahan Singh Mirpuri">Mahan Singh Mirpuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewan_Mokham_Chand" title="Dewan Mokham Chand">Dewan Mokham Chand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khushal_Singh_Jamadar" title="Khushal Singh Jamadar">Khushal Singh Jamadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorawar_Singh_(Dogra_general)" title="Zorawar Singh (Dogra general)">Zorawar Singh</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tej Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal_Singh" title="Lal Singh">Lal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulab_Singh" title="Gulab Singh">Gulab Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balbhadra_Kunwar" title="Balbhadra Kunwar">Balbhadra Kunwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawahar_Singh_(wazir)" title="Jawahar Singh (wazir)">Jawahar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehta_Basti_Ram" title="Mehta Basti Ram">Mehta Basti Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sham_Singh_Attariwalla" class="mw-redirect" title="Sham Singh Attariwalla">Sham Singh Attariwalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sher_Singh_Attariwalla" title="Sher Singh Attariwalla">Sher Singh Attariwalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chattar_Singh_Attariwalla" title="Chattar Singh Attariwalla">Chattar Singh Attariwalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desa_Singh_Majithia" title="Desa Singh Majithia">Desa Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Singh_Majithia" title="Amar Singh Majithia">Amar Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehna_Singh_Majithia" title="Lehna Singh Majithia">Lehna Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranjodh_Singh_Majithia" title="Ranjodh Singh Majithia">Ranjodh Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Singh" title="Surat Singh">Surat Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal_Singh_Ramgarhia" title="Mangal Singh Ramgarhia">Mangal Singh Ramgarhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akali_Phula_Singh" title="Akali Phula Singh">Akali Phula Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandu_Lal" title="Chandu Lal">Chandu Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajit_Singh_Sandhawalia" title="Ajit Singh Sandhawalia">Ajit Singh Sandhawalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahan_Singh_Nakai" title="Kahan Singh Nakai">Kahan Singh Nakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangat_Singh_Saini" title="Sangat Singh Saini">Sangat Singh Saini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardar_Hukma_Singh" title="Sardar Hukma Singh">Hukma Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veer_Singh_Dhillon" title="Veer Singh Dhillon">Veer Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarnail_Ghaus_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Jarnail Ghaus Khan">Jarnail Ghaus Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilahi_Bakhsh" title="Ilahi Bakhsh">Ilahi Bakhsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakir_Azizuddin" title="Fakir Azizuddin">Fakir Azizuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Mahmud_Khan" title="Sultan Mahmud Khan">Sultan Mahmud Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik_Fateh_Khan_Tiwana" title="Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana">Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_Lal_Suri" title="Sohan Lal Suri">Sohan Lal Suri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moti_Ram" title="Moti Ram">Moti Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Ram_Dayal" title="Diwan Ram Dayal">Diwan Ram Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Kirpa_Ram" title="Diwan Kirpa Ram">Diwan Kirpa Ram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Foreigners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Allard" title="Jean-François Allard">Jean-François Allard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Ventura" title="Jean-Baptiste Ventura">Jean-Baptiste Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Auguste_Court" title="Claude Auguste Court">Claude Auguste Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Henri_Mouton" title="François Henri Mouton">François Henri Mouton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gardner_(soldier)" title="Alexander Gardner (soldier)">Alexander Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Avitabile" title="Paolo Avitabile">Paolo Avitabile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Harlan" title="Josiah Harlan">Josiah Harlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Martin_Honigberger" title="Johann Martin Honigberger">Johann Martin Honigberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lawrence_(Indian_Army_officer)" title="Henry Lawrence (Indian Army officer)">Henry Lawrence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Influential families</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sandhawalia" title="Sandhawalia">Sandhawalia family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majithia_family" title="Majithia family">Majithia family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiwana_family_of_Shahpur" title="Tiwana family of Shahpur">Tiwana family</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Treaties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amritsar_(1809)" title="Treaty of Amritsar (1809)">Treaty of Amritsar (1809)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Treaty_(1838)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tripartite Treaty (1838)">Tripartite Treaty (1838)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Chushul" title="Treaty of Chushul">Treaty of Chushul (1842)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lahore" title="Treaty of Lahore">Treaty of Lahore (1846)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amritsar_(1846)" title="Treaty of Amritsar (1846)">Treaty of Amritsar (1846)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalsa_Darbar_records" title="Khalsa Darbar records">Khalsa Darbar records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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