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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"> <p><b>Midrash Tanhuma</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">מִדְרָשׁ תַּנְחוּמָא</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">miḏraš tanḥumā</i></span>), also known as <b>Yelammedenu</b>, is the name given to a homiletic <a href="/wiki/Midrash" title="Midrash">midrash</a> on the entire <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a>, and it is known in several different versions or collections. <a href="/wiki/Tanhuma_bar_Abba" title="Tanhuma bar Abba">Tanhuma bar Abba</a> is not the author of the text but instead is a figure to whom traditions are frequently attributed to (indicated by the formula "Thus began R. Tanḥuma" or "Thus preached R. Tanḥuma"), though he may have preserved a collection of <a href="/wiki/Midrashim" class="mw-redirect" title="Midrashim">midrashim</a> used by other midrash editors.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name <i>Yelammedenu</i> derives from the Hebrew phrase <i>yelammedenu rabbenu</i>, which initiates a typical textual unit in the text.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest manuscript may be from the late 8th or 9th century.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most significant publication on the text so far was an edited volume of studies by Nikolsky and Atzmon from 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Recensions"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Recensions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Date_and_provenance"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Date and provenance</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Translations"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Translations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Digital_Access"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Digital Access</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Standard_edition/Yelammedenu"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Standard edition/Yelammedenu</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Buber_recension_(TanB)"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Buber recension (TanB)</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Contents"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Contents</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Lost_version_attributed_to_R._Tanhuma"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Lost version attributed to R. Tanhuma</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Jewish_Encyclopedia_bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">8.1</span> <span class="toctext">Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Recensions">Recensions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Recensions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>There are many different recensions of Midrash Tanhuma, although the main ones are the standard printed edition, first published in <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> in 1520/1522 (and then again in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> in 1545 and <a href="/wiki/Mantua" title="Mantua">Mantua</a> in 1563), and the Buber recension,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> published by <a href="/wiki/Salomon_Buber" title="Salomon Buber">Salomon Buber</a> in 1885 based on the manuscript MS Oxford Neubauer 154 for the base text as well as four other Oxford manuscripts.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One study collects the following list of recensions:<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Midrash Tanhuma in the standard printed edition</li> <li>Midrash Tanhuma, Buber Recension, published 1885</li> <li>Exodus Rabbah, Part II</li> <li>Numbers Rabbah, Part II</li> <li>Deuteronomy Rabbah in the standard printed edition</li> <li>Deuteronomy Rabbah, Lieberman edition</li> <li>Various Pesiqta-type material</li> <li>Over one hundred miscellaneous fragments</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Date_and_provenance">Date and provenance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Date and provenance" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Previously, it was thought that the Tanhuma may be as late as the <a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and many favored a 10th-century date. However, no extensive research had then been done on the dating and provenance of the text, and so conclusions remain tentative.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Townsend believed the Buber recension relies on the mid-8th century <a href="/wiki/She%27iltot" title="She'iltot">Sheʾilot</a> by R. Ahai of Shabba and so dates at least to the 9th century.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, Tzvi Meir Rabbinowitz has concluded that <a href="/wiki/Yanai_(Payetan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yanai (Payetan)">Yannai</a>, who operated in <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a> prior to the Islamic conquests, made use of the two extant and one lost Tanhuma, and his findings suggest that a significant portion of the Tanhuma material can be dated as pre-Islamic.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recently, Marc Bregman posited that the shared material between the printed and Buber recensions originates from the sixth or seventh century in Palestine (which is also where Buber placed its location of origins). The Buber recension then originates from northern Italy in the time of the <a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombards</a> between 559 and 774. Finally, the formation of the printed edition is dated to after the <a href="/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests" title="Early Muslim conquests">Islamic conquests</a>, although the collection was still completed prior to any impact of Islamic influence on Palestinian society, as Islamic influences are entirely absent from the text.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some other scholars favor origins in southern <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> because (i) all manuscripts are European (ii) the presence of many Greek and Latin words which were typical in use of language in Italy (iii) an unlikelihood of stemming from northern Italy due to its misunderstanding of the geography of that region.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, Palestinian roots of the text are reflected by its use of Palestinian rabbinic traditions, including its familiarity with the <a href="/wiki/Mishnah" title="Mishnah">Mishnah</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Talmud" title="Jerusalem Talmud">Jerusalem Talmud</a> but not the <a href="/wiki/Babylonian_Talmud" class="mw-redirect" title="Babylonian Talmud">Babylonian Talmud</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Translations">Translations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Translations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>The first English translation of the Buber recension of the Tanhuma was published by John Townsend in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then, in 1996, Samuel Berman published an English translation of the standard printed edition.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Digital_Access">Digital Access</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Digital Access" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>Tikkun-Sofrim, a system that integrates automatic handwritten text recognition with manual, crowdsourced error correction has been used to digitize several manuscripts of the <i>Midrash Tanhuma.</i> <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Standard_edition/Yelammedenu"><span id="Standard_edition.2FYelammedenu"></span>Standard edition/Yelammedenu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Standard edition/Yelammedenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>The standard published edition was known as the "Yelammedenu" from the opening words of the halakhic introductions to the homilies—<i>Yelammedenu rabbenu</i>. It is considered by many to be an amended edition of the Buber recension as well as a third now-lost version of Tanhuma. Its homilies on <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Genesis</a> are original, although they contain several revised passages from the standard version as well as from the Yelammedenu, the Babylonian Talmud being largely drawn upon for additional interpretations and expositions. The part referring to <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Exodus" title="Book of Exodus">Exodus</a> is borrowed almost entirely from the Yelammedenu, with the exception of the <a href="/wiki/Vayakhel" title="Vayakhel">Vayakhel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pekudei" title="Pekudei">Pekudei</a> sections, which contain homilies not embodied in the lost work. For the portions to the books of <a href="/wiki/Leviticus" class="mw-redirect" title="Leviticus">Leviticus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Numbers" title="Book of Numbers">Numbers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Deuteronomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Deuteronomy">Deuteronomy</a> the redactor of this midrash has made extensive use of the material that he found in the standard version, which he has revised and supplied with numerous additions. </p><p>The first authority to cite this midrash was <a href="/wiki/Rashi" title="Rashi">Rashi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because the third midrash contains much of the material of the lost Yelammedenu, the two works were often confounded. Some authorities believed that it was this version as opposed to the Yelammedenu which had been lost.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others erroneously considered this midrash identical with the Yelammedenu, thinking the work had a double title; and the first editions of this version appeared, therefore, under the title "Midrash Tanḥuma, Called Also the Yelammedenu." </p><p>The standard edition was first published at <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> in 1522, and was reprinted without emendation at <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> in 1545. The third edition, which served as a basis for all the later editions, was published at <a href="/wiki/Mantua" title="Mantua">Mantua</a> in 1563 by Meïr ben Abraham of <a href="/wiki/Padua" title="Padua">Padua</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ezra_ben_Isaac_Fano" title="Ezra ben Isaac Fano">Ezra ben Isaac Fano</a>. This edition contains several additions, consisting of single sentences as well as of entire paragraphs, which Ezra ben Isaac selected from two of the original manuscripts and also from the <i>Yalquṭ</i>. Ezra indicated the added matter by marking it with open hands, but in the following editions these marks were omitted, so that it is no longer possible to distinguish between original contents and material added by revisers. Ezra of Fano further added to his edition an index of all halakhic decisions, as well as of the legends and parables contained in this midrash; this index has been retained in all later editions. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Buber_recension_(TanB)"><span id="Buber_recension_.28TanB.29"></span>Buber recension (TanB)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Buber recension (TanB)" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <p>Tanhuma Buber, also called Tanhuma B, is the collection published by <a href="/wiki/Salomon_Buber" title="Salomon Buber">Salomon Buber</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who gathered the material from several manuscripts. Buber claimed that this collection, consisting of homilies on and aggadic interpretations of the weekly sections of the Torah, was the oldest of the three, perhaps even the oldest compilation of its kind arranged as a running commentary on the <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Pentateuch</a>, and he identified several passages which he saw as being quoted by <a href="/wiki/Genesis_Rabbah" title="Genesis Rabbah">Genesis Rabbah</a>. Buber postulated that this midrash was edited in the fifth century, before the completion of the <a href="/wiki/Babylonian_Talmud" class="mw-redirect" title="Babylonian Talmud">Babylonian Talmud</a>. Buber cites a passage in the Babylonian Talmud that seems to indicate that the redactor of that work had referred to the Midrash Tanḥuma. Other scholars disagree, however, and do not see the Buber recension of <i>Tanhuma</i> as being older than the other versions. Townsend cites a section from Buber's recension which appears to be a quote from <a href="/wiki/Ahai_of_Shabha" title="Ahai of Shabha">Ahai of Shabha</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/She%27iltot" title="She'iltot">She'iltot</a></i> (8th century).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This passage<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> says that two <i><a href="/wiki/Amoraim" title="Amoraim">amoraim</a> </i>differed in their interpretations of the words "and they looked after <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a>, until he was gone into the <a href="/wiki/Tabernacle" title="Tabernacle">tabernacle</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One amora interpreted the words in a complimentary sense while the other held that the people looked after Moses and made unfavorable remarks about him. The favorable interpretation is given in the Talmud; the adverse opinion is referred to with the words "ki de-ita" (”as it is said”). Inasmuch as the adverse view is given in the <i>Tanḥuma <a href="/wiki/Pekudei" title="Pekudei">Pequḏe</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it is probable that the words <i>ki de-ita</i> in the Talmud have reference to the former work, or that the reference originally read <i>ki de-ita be-Tanḥuma</i> ("as it is said in the Tanḥuma"). </p><p>The homilies contained in Midrash Tanḥuma B begin with the words "As the Scriptures say" or sometimes "As it is written." Then follow a verse (in most cases taken from the <a href="/wiki/Ketuvim" title="Ketuvim">Ketuvim</a>), its explanation, and a homily on the particular passage of the Pentateuch referred to. Several of the homilies on the first, third, and fourth books of the Pentateuch begin with brief halakhic dissertations bearing on the passages to which the homilies refer. The halakhic treatises consist of a question introduced with the words <i>Yelammedenu rabbenu</i> "May our teacher instruct us", and of a reply beginning with the phrase "Kak shanu rabbotenu" (Thus have our teachers instructed us); the replies are always taken from either a <a href="/wiki/Mishnah" title="Mishnah">mishnah</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Baraita" title="Baraita">baraita</a>. Many of the homilies close with words of hope and encouragement regarding the future of the <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>; but several of them are abbreviated and not entirely completed, this curtailment being apologized for in the words "Much more might be said on this subject, but we shall not tire you",<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "This passage has been elucidated by several other interpretations and expositions, but in order not to tire you we quote only that which is necessary for today's theme".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contents">Contents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Contents" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"> <p>Although essentially an <a href="/wiki/Aggadic_midrash" class="mw-redirect" title="Aggadic midrash">aggadic midrash</a>, Tanḥuma A contains many <a href="/wiki/Halakhic" class="mw-redirect" title="Halakhic">halakhic</a> sayings. In addition to its 61 introductions to homilies, which contain halakhic questions and answers, there are several halakhic rules and decisions quoted throughout the work. These halakhic passages were taken from the <a href="/wiki/Mishnah" title="Mishnah">Mishnah</a> or the baraita, and not from the Babylonian Talmud; indeed, many of the decisions given are in opposition to those of the latter work.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aggadic contents of the midrash are also very extensive and varied; it contains, too, simple explanations of scriptural passages; several refutations of <a href="/wiki/Jewish_heretics" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish heretics">heretics</a>; explanations of the differences between "ḳere" and "ketib" and between words written "<a href="/wiki/Plene" class="mw-redirect" title="Plene">plene</a>" ("<i>male</i>") and defectively ("<i>ḥaser</i>"); interpretations according to <a href="/wiki/No%E1%B9%ADari%E1%B8%B3on" class="mw-redirect" title="Noṭariḳon">noṭariḳon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gematria" title="Gematria">gematria</a>; several narratives and parables; and numerous aphorisms, moral sayings, and popular proverbs. </p><p>Some of the aphorisms and proverbs may be cited here: "One may not give an honest man an opportunity to steal, much less a thief".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "The office seeks those that would escape it".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "If you yield not to wickedness, it will not follow you nor dwell by you".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Do the wicked no good, in order that thou reap not that which is evil".<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This Tanḥuma midrash has been referred to in many other <a href="/wiki/Midrashim" class="mw-redirect" title="Midrashim">midrashim</a>, as, for example, all the <a href="/wiki/Midrash_Rabbot" class="mw-redirect" title="Midrash Rabbot">Midrash Rabbot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pesi%E1%B8%B3ta_de-Rab_Kahana" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesiḳta de-Rab Kahana">Pesiḳta de-Rab Kahana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pesikta_Rabbati" title="Pesikta Rabbati">Pesikta Rabbati</a>, and in the midrashim to <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Samuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Samuel">Book of Samuel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Proverbs" title="Book of Proverbs">Proverbs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a>, which all quote passages from it. The <a href="/wiki/Geonim" title="Geonim">Geonim</a> also and the older rabbinical authorities made use of it, and cited halakhic as well as aggadic sentences from it.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first to refer to this midrash by the name of "Tanḥuma", however, was <a href="/wiki/Rashi" title="Rashi">Rashi</a>, who mentions it in several passages of his commentary, and quotes from it. Most of Rashi's quotations are taken from Tanḥuma B.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Lost_version_attributed_to_R._Tanhuma">Lost version attributed to R. Tanhuma</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Lost version attributed to R. Tanhuma" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <p>This version is lost and largely known through later quotations. Only a few authorities, like <a href="/wiki/Hai_ben_Sherira" title="Hai ben Sherira">Hai ben Sherira</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zedekiah_ben_Abraham_Anaw" title="Zedekiah ben Abraham Anaw">Zedekiah ben Abraham Anaw</a>, know it under the name "Tanhuma".<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This confusion may be because the standard version included a significant portion of this text into it. Several rabbinic authorities have also referred to it by the name "Aruk". </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVachman2021" class="citation cs2">Vachman, Gila (2021-11-03), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/display/book/edcoll/9789004469198/BP000013.xml">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Rabbi Tanhuma Said": A Code Phrase for introducing Quotations from Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature"</a>, <i>Studies in the Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature</i>, Brill, pp. 119–127, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004469198_007">10.1163/9789004469198_007</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-46919-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-46919-8"><bdi>978-90-04-46919-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-14</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+the+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu+Literature&rft.atitle=%22Rabbi+Tanhuma+Said%22%3A+A+Code+Phrase+for+introducing+Quotations+from+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu+Literature&rft.pages=119-127&rft.date=2021-11-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004469198_007&rft.isbn=978-90-04-46919-8&rft.aulast=Vachman&rft.aufirst=Gila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fdisplay%2Fbook%2Fedcoll%2F9789004469198%2FBP000013.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtzmonNikolsky2021" class="citation cs2">Atzmon, Arnon; Nikolsky, Ronit (2021-11-03), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/display/book/edcoll/9789004469198/BP000008.xml">"Let Our Rabbi Teach Us: An Introduction to Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature"</a>, <i>Studies in the Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature</i>, Brill, p. 1, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004469198_002">10.1163/9789004469198_002</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-46919-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-46919-8"><bdi>978-90-04-46919-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-14</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+the+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu+Literature&rft.atitle=Let+Our+Rabbi+Teach+Us%3A+An+Introduction+to+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu+Literature&rft.pages=1&rft.date=2021-11-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004469198_002&rft.isbn=978-90-04-46919-8&rft.aulast=Atzmon&rft.aufirst=Arnon&rft.au=Nikolsky%2C+Ronit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fdisplay%2Fbook%2Fedcoll%2F9789004469198%2FBP000008.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerman1996" class="citation book cs1">Berman, Samuel (1996). <i>Midrash Tanhuma-Yelammedenu: An English Translation of Genesis and Exodus from the Printed Version of Tanhuma-Yelammedenu With an Introduction, Notes, and Indexes</i>. pp. 11–12. <q>Concerning the date of the completion of this text, we may assume from the inclusion of She'iltot passages and the references to heretics (i.e., the Karaites) that the earliest manuscript of this text was completed in the late eighth or the ninth century.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Midrash+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu%3A+An+English+Translation+of+Genesis+and+Exodus+from+the+Printed+Version+of+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu+With+an+Introduction%2C+Notes%2C+and+Indexes&rft.pages=11-12&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNikolskyAtzmon2022" class="citation book cs1">Nikolsky, Ronit; Atzmon, Arnon (2022). <i>Studies in the Tanhuma-Yelammedenu literature</i>. The Brill reference library of Judaism. Leiden Boston (Mass.): Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-46918-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-46918-1"><bdi>978-90-04-46918-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+the+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu+literature&rft.place=Leiden+Boston+%28Mass.%29&rft.series=The+Brill+reference+library+of+Judaism&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-90-04-46918-1&rft.aulast=Nikolsky&rft.aufirst=Ronit&rft.au=Atzmon%2C+Arnon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuber1885" class="citation book cs1">Buber, Salomon (1885). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/midrashtanhumaha01bube"><i>Midrash Tanḥuma : ha-ḳadum ṿe-ha yashan meyuḥas le-Rabi Tanḥuma be-Rabi Abā ʻal Ḥamishah ḥumshe Torah</i></a>. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Library. Ṿilna : Rom.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Midrash+Tan%E1%B8%A5uma+%3A+ha-%E1%B8%B3adum+%E1%B9%BFe-ha+yashan+meyu%E1%B8%A5as+le-Rabi+Tan%E1%B8%A5uma+be-Rabi+Ab%C4%81+%CA%BBal+%E1%B8%A4amishah+%E1%B8%A5umshe+Torah&rft.pub=%E1%B9%BEilna+%3A+Rom&rft.date=1885&rft.aulast=Buber&rft.aufirst=Salomon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmidrashtanhumaha01bube&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrackStemberger1991" class="citation book cs1">Strack, Hermann Leberecht; Stemberger, Günter (1991). <i>Introduction to the Talmud and Midrash</i>. Edinburgh, Scotland: T&T Clark. pp. 303–304. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-567-09509-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-567-09509-1"><bdi>978-0-567-09509-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+the+Talmud+and+Midrash&rft.place=Edinburgh%2C+Scotland&rft.pages=303-304&rft.pub=T%26T+Clark&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-567-09509-1&rft.aulast=Strack&rft.aufirst=Hermann+Leberecht&rft.au=Stemberger%2C+G%C3%BCnter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTownsend1989" class="citation book cs1">Townsend, John T., ed. (1989). <i>Midrash Tanḥuma</i>. Hoboken, NJ: Ktav. pp. xi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-087-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-087-9"><bdi>978-0-88125-087-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Midrash+Tan%E1%B8%A5uma&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+NJ&rft.pages=xi&rft.pub=Ktav&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-88125-087-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPregill2020" class="citation book cs1">Pregill, Michael E. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/on1125025885"><i>The Golden Calf between Bible and Qur'an: scripture, polemic, and exegesis from late antiquity to Islam</i></a>. Oxford Studies in the Abrahamic Religions. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 313. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-885242-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-885242-1"><bdi>978-0-19-885242-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1125025885">1125025885</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Golden+Calf+between+Bible+and+Qur%27an%3A+scripture%2C+polemic%2C+and+exegesis+from+late+antiquity+to+Islam&rft.place=Oxford&rft.series=Oxford+Studies+in+the+Abrahamic+Religions&rft.pages=313&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2Fon1125025885&rft.isbn=978-0-19-885242-1&rft.aulast=Pregill&rft.aufirst=Michael+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2Fon1125025885&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRutgers1998" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rutgers, Leonard Victor, ed. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/ocm40581638"><i>The use of sacred books in the ancient world</i></a>. Contributions to biblical exegesis and theology (in English and German). Leuven: Peeters. pp. 188–189. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-429-0696-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-429-0696-9"><bdi>978-90-429-0696-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40581638">40581638</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+use+of+sacred+books+in+the+ancient+world&rft.place=Leuven&rft.series=Contributions+to+biblical+exegesis+and+theology&rft.pages=188-189&rft.pub=Peeters&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2Focm40581638&rft.isbn=978-90-429-0696-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2Focm40581638&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTownsend1989" class="citation book cs1">Townsend, John T., ed. (1989). <i>Midrash Tanḥuma</i>. Hoboken, NJ: Ktav. pp. xii. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-087-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-087-9"><bdi>978-0-88125-087-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Midrash+Tan%E1%B8%A5uma&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+NJ&rft.pages=xii&rft.pub=Ktav&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-88125-087-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBregman2021" class="citation cs2">Bregman, Marc (2021-11-03), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/display/book/edcoll/9789004469198/BP000009.xml">"A Bibliographical Survey of Tanhuma- Yelammedenu Research: Past, Present, and Future"</a>, <i>Studies in the Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature</i>, Brill, p. 25, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004469198_003">10.1163/9789004469198_003</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-46919-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-46919-8"><bdi>978-90-04-46919-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-14</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+the+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu+Literature&rft.atitle=A+Bibliographical+Survey+of+Tanhuma-+Yelammedenu+Research%3A+Past%2C+Present%2C+and+Future&rft.pages=25&rft.date=2021-11-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004469198_003&rft.isbn=978-90-04-46919-8&rft.aulast=Bregman&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fdisplay%2Fbook%2Fedcoll%2F9789004469198%2FBP000009.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBregman2003" class="citation book cs1">Bregman, Marc (2003). <i>The Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature: Studies in the Evolution of the Versions</i>. Gorgias Press. pp. 176–183.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu+Literature%3A+Studies+in+the+Evolution+of+the+Versions&rft.pages=176-183&rft.pub=Gorgias+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Bregman&rft.aufirst=Marc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTownsend1989" class="citation book cs1">Townsend, John T., ed. (1989). <i>Midrash Tanḥuma</i>. Hoboken, NJ: Ktav. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-087-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-087-9"><bdi>978-0-88125-087-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Midrash+Tan%E1%B8%A5uma&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Ktav&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-88125-087-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerman1995" class="citation book cs1">Berman, Samuel A., ed. (1995). <i>Midrash Tanhuma-Yelammedenu: an English translation of Genesis and Exodus from the printed version of Tanhuma-Yelammedenu with an introduction, notes, and indexes</i>. Hoboken, NJ: KTAV Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-400-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-400-6"><bdi>978-0-88125-400-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Midrash+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu%3A+an+English+translation+of+Genesis+and+Exodus+from+the+printed+version+of+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu+with+an+introduction%2C+notes%2C+and+indexes&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+NJ&rft.pub=KTAV+Publishing&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-88125-400-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wecker, Alan J., Vered Raziel-Kretzmer, Benjamin Kiessling, Daniel Stökl Ben Ezra, Moshe Lavee, Tsvi Kuflik, Dror Elovits, Moshe Schorr, Uri Schor, and Pawel Jablonski. “Tikkoun Sofrim: Making Ancient Manuscripts Digitally Accessible: The Case of Midrash Tanhuma.” <i>Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage</i> 15, no. 2 (2022): 1–20. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Compare <a href="/wiki/S._Buber" class="mw-redirect" title="S. Buber">S. Buber</a>, l.c. pp. 44 et seq.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Menahem_Lonzano" title="Menahem Lonzano">Menahem Lonzano</a>, in <i>Ma'arik,</i> s.v. "Tanḥuma"; comp. <a href="/wiki/Chaim_Joseph_David_Azulai" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaim Joseph David Azulai">Azulai</a>, <i>Shem ha-Gedolim,</i> ii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Wilna" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilna">Wilna</a>, 1885</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ed. Townsend, Midrash Tanchuma, 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%B2id." class="mw-redirect" title="Ḳid.">Ḳid.</a> 33b</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Exodus" title="Book of Exodus">Exodus</a> 33:8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ed. Buber, p. 65a</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Noach_(parsha)" class="mw-redirect" title="Noach (parsha)">Noaḥ.</a> 26 27b</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%A4u%E1%B8%B3%E1%B8%B3at" class="mw-redirect" title="Ḥuḳḳat">Ḥuḳḳat</a> 16 57a</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Compare <a href="/wiki/S._Buber" class="mw-redirect" title="S. Buber">S. Buber</a>, <i>Introduction</i>, pp. 15 et seq.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Vayishlach" title="Vayishlach">Vayishlach</a> 12 85b</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Vayikra_(parsha)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vayikra (parsha)">Vayikra</a> 4 2b</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tazria" title="Tazria">Tazria</a> 11 20b</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%A4u%E1%B8%B3%E1%B8%B3at" class="mw-redirect" title="Ḥuḳḳat">Ḥuḳḳat</a> 1 50a</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Compare <a href="/wiki/S._Buber" class="mw-redirect" title="S. Buber">S. Buber</a>, l.c. pp. 37 et seq.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Buber, l.c. pp. 44 et seq.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/S._Buber" class="mw-redirect" title="S. Buber">S. Buber</a>, l.c. pp. 44a, 50a</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger1901–1906" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Isidore_Singer" title="Isidore Singer">Singer, Isidore</a>; et al., eds. (1901–1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/14236-tanhuma-midrash">"TANḤUMA, MIDRASH"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia">The Jewish Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=TAN%E1%B8%A4UMA%2C+MIDRASH&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Funk+%26+Wagnalls&rft.date=1901%2F1906&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2F14236-tanhuma-midrash&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jewish_Encyclopedia_bibliography">Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_Zunz" title="Leopold Zunz">Zunz</a>, G. V. pp. 226–238;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Buber" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon Buber">Solomon Buber</a>'s Introduction (Mebo) to his edition of the Midrash Tanḥuma, Wilna, 1885;</li> <li>Theodor, in Monatsschrift, 1885–86;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Bacher" class="mw-redirect" title="W. Bacher">W. Bacher</a>, Ag. Pal. Amor. iii. 500–514;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weiss,_Dor" class="mw-redirect" title="Weiss, Dor">Weiss, Dor</a>, iii. 268–273;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Epstein" class="mw-redirect" title="A. Epstein">A. Epstein</a>, Ḳadmut ha-Tanḥuma, in Bet Talmud, v. 7-23;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Gr%C3%BCnhut" class="mw-redirect" title="L. Grünhut">L. Grünhut</a>, Sefer ha-Liḳḳuṭim, iv.-vi., Jerusalem, 1900.</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Midrash_Tanhuma&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071013101401/http://tsel.org/torah/tanhuma/index.html">"מדרש תנחומא"</a>. 13 October 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tsel.org/torah/tanhuma/index.html">the original</a> on 2007-10-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%A9+%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90&rft.date=2007-10-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftsel.org%2Ftorah%2Ftanhuma%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/jud/mhl/mhl04.htm">"The Midrash: Midrash Tanhuma"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Midrash%3A+Midrash+Tanhuma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacred-texts.com%2Fjud%2Fmhl%2Fmhl04.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerman1996" class="citation book cs1">Berman, S.A. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WLOi9vWEzTEC"><i>Midrash Tanhuma-Yelammedenu: An English Translation of Genesis and Exodus from the Printed Version of Tanhuma-Yelammedenu with an Introduction, Notes, and Indexes</i></a>. KTAV Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-400-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-400-6"><bdi>978-0-88125-400-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Midrash+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu%3A+An+English+Translation+of+Genesis+and+Exodus+from+the+Printed+Version+of+Tanhuma-Yelammedenu+with+an+Introduction%2C+Notes%2C+and+Indexes&rft.pub=KTAV+Publishing&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-88125-400-6&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=S.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWLOi9vWEzTEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuber1885" class="citation web cs1">Buber, Salomon (1885). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/midrashtanhumaha01bube">"Midrash Tanḥuma : ha-qadum ṿe-ha yashan meyuḥas le-Rabi Tanḥuma be-Rabi Abā ʻal Ḥamishah ḥumshe Torah"</a>. Ṿilna : Rom.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Midrash+Tan%E1%B8%A5uma+%3A+ha-qadum+%E1%B9%BFe-ha+yashan+meyu%E1%B8%A5as+le-Rabi+Tan%E1%B8%A5uma+be-Rabi+Ab%C4%81+%CA%BBal+%E1%B8%A4amishah+%E1%B8%A5umshe+Torah&rft.pub=%E1%B9%BEilna+%3A+Rom&rft.date=1885&rft.aulast=Buber&rft.aufirst=Salomon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmidrashtanhumaha01bube&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuber1885" class="citation web cs1">Buber, Salomon (1885). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/midrashtanhumaha02bube">"Midrash Tanḥuma : ha-qadum ṿe-ha yashan meyuḥas le-Rabi Tanḥuma be-Rabi Abā ʻal Ḥamishah ḥumshe Torah"</a>. Ṿilna : Rom.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Midrash+Tan%E1%B8%A5uma+%3A+ha-qadum+%E1%B9%BFe-ha+yashan+meyu%E1%B8%A5as+le-Rabi+Tan%E1%B8%A5uma+be-Rabi+Ab%C4%81+%CA%BBal+%E1%B8%A4amishah+%E1%B8%A5umshe+Torah&rft.pub=%E1%B9%BEilna+%3A+Rom&rft.date=1885&rft.aulast=Buber&rft.aufirst=Salomon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmidrashtanhumaha02bube&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sefaria.org/Midrash_Tanchuma">"Midrash Tanchuma"</a>. <i>www.sefaria.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sefaria.org&rft.atitle=Midrash+Tanchuma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sefaria.org%2FMidrash_Tanchuma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sefaria.org/Midrash_Tanchuma_Buber">"Midrash Tanchuma Buber"</a>. <i>www.sefaria.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sefaria.org&rft.atitle=Midrash+Tanchuma+Buber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sefaria.org%2FMidrash_Tanchuma_Buber&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidrash+Tanhuma" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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