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литература" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinamska_knji%C5%BEevnost" title="Surinamska književnost – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Surinamska književnost" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2676333#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> 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0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="border-width:22.0em; border: 4px double #B40A2D; background:#FFFFFF;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Suriname" title="Category:Culture of Suriname">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:145%;font-weight:heavy;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Suriname" title="Culture of Suriname">Culture of Suriname</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding-bottom:1.0em;border-bottom:1px solid #B40A2D;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Culture of Suriname" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/130px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/195px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/260px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="559" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #377E3F;padding:0.1em 0;font-size:95%;"> Society</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;font-size:95%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Suriname" title="History of Suriname">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Suriname">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_people" title="Surinamese people">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Suriname">race and ethnicity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Suriname" title="Religion in Suriname">Religion</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #377E3F;padding:0.1em 0;font-size:95%;"> Topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;font-size:95%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Suriname" title="Cinema of Suriname">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Suriname">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_Suriname" title="Dance in Suriname">Dance</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Literature</a></li> <li>Media <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newspapers_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers in Suriname">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Radio_in_Suriname" title="Category:Radio in Suriname">Radio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Suriname" title="Music of Suriname">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport in Suriname">Sports</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background: #377E3F;padding:0.1em 0;font-size:95%;"> Symbols</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;font-size:95%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Suriname" title="Flag of Suriname">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname" title="Coat of arms of Suriname">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="National anthem of Suriname">Anthem</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px solid #ECC81D;border-bottom:1px solid #ECC81D;font-size:95%;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/32px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/48px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/64px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Suriname" title="Portal:Suriname">Suriname portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Suriname" title="Template:Culture of Suriname"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Suriname" title="Template talk:Culture of Suriname"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Suriname" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Suriname"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Surinamese literature</b> refers to the literature which is considered to belong to both the <a href="/wiki/Oral_tradition" title="Oral tradition">oral traditions</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Surinamese_Dutch" title="Surinamese Dutch">Surinamese</a> written literature or people born or strongly-affiliated with <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a>. Much modern literature is written in the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch language</a> although other languages of Suriname are also used. The <a href="/wiki/Oral_literature" title="Oral literature">oral literature</a> is still a vital and authentic expression in Surinamese culture. In turn, the influence of the oral culture on the written literature of Suriname is impossible to imagine. At the end of the 18th century, the indigenous Surinamese began to write literature. Surinamese Creole literature in particular is "not widely known, nor easily accessible."<sup id="cite_ref-ArnoldRodríguez-Luis1994_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArnoldRodríguez-Luis1994-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinamese_literature&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Literature_of_Suriname" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Literature of Suriname">Literature of Suriname</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Surinamese_writers" title="List of Surinamese writers">List of Surinamese writers</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinamese_literature&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ArnoldRodríguez-Luis1994-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ArnoldRodríguez-Luis1994_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFArnoldRodríguez-LuisDash1994" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, Albert James; Rodríguez-Luis, Julio; Dash, J. Michael (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7uH_4yAahYkC&pg=PA570"><i>A History of Literature in the Caribbean: English- and Dutch-speaking countries</i></a>. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 570. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-272-3448-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-272-3448-3"><bdi>978-90-272-3448-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Literature+in+the+Caribbean%3A+English-+and+Dutch-speaking+countries&rft.pages=570&rft.pub=John+Benjamins+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-90-272-3448-3&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Albert+James&rft.au=Rodr%C3%ADguez-Luis%2C+Julio&rft.au=Dash%2C+J.+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7uH_4yAahYkC%26pg%3DPA570&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASurinamese+literature" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Suriname_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Suriname_topics" title="Template:Suriname topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Suriname_topics" title="Template talk:Suriname topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Suriname_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Suriname topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Suriname_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Suriname" title="Outline of Suriname">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Suriname" title="History of Suriname">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Suriname" title="List of colonial governors of Suriname">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairmen_of_the_Estates_of_Suriname" title="List of chairmen of the Estates of Suriname">Chairmen of the Estates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Armed_Forces_in_Suriname" title="Netherlands Armed Forces in Suriname">Colonial forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinam_(Dutch_colony)" title="Surinam (Dutch colony)">Colony of Surinam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Suriname" title="Society of Suriname">Society of Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname_during_World_War_II" title="Suriname during World War II">World War II</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname_(Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands)" title="Suriname (Kingdom of the Netherlands)">Within the Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Surinamese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1980 Surinamese coup d'état">1980 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Military_Council_(Suriname)" title="National Military Council (Suriname)">National Military Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_murders" title="December murders">December murders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_Interior_War" title="Surinamese Interior War">Interior War <span style="font-size:85%;">(1986–1992)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Surinamese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1990 Surinamese coup d'état">1990 coup d'état</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname" title="Coat of arms of Suriname"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="559" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Suriname" title="Geography of Suriname">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Suriname" title="List of cities and towns in Suriname">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental issues in Suriname">Environmental issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Suriname" title="Climate change in Suriname">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Fauna of Suriname">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Flora of Suriname">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Suriname" title="Biodiversity of Suriname">Biodiversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected areas of Suriname">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Suriname" title="Category:World Heritage Sites in Suriname">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Suriname" title="Politics of Suriname">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Suriname">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Suriname" title="Constitution of Suriname">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Suriname" title="Elections in Suriname">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Suriname" title="Foreign relations of Suriname">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Suriname" title="Human rights in Suriname">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Suriname">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Suriname" title="Law enforcement in Suriname">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname_National_Army" title="Suriname National Army">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Armed_Forces_(Suriname)" title="Commander of the Armed Forces (Suriname)">Commander</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Suriname)" title="National Assembly (Suriname)">National Assembly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairmen_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Suriname" title="List of chairmen of the National Assembly of Suriname">Chairman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Suriname" title="List of political parties in Suriname">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Suriname" title="President of Suriname">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Suriname" title="Vice President of Suriname">Vice President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Suriname" title="List of prime ministers of Suriname">Prime Minister <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deputy_prime_ministers_of_Suriname" title="List of deputy prime ministers of Suriname">Deputy Prime Minister <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Justice_of_Suriname" title="High Court of Justice of Suriname">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Suriname" title="Constitutional Court of Suriname">Constitutional Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Suriname" title="Economy of Suriname">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Suriname" title="Agriculture in Suriname">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Suriname" title="List of companies of Suriname">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_dollar" title="Surinamese dollar">Dollar <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_in_Suriname&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy in Suriname (page does not exist)">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_Suriname" title="Mining industry of Suriname">Mining industry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_and_technology_in_Suriname&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Science and technology in Suriname (page does not exist)">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Suriname" title="Telecommunications in Suriname">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Suriname" title="Transport in Suriname">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Suriname" title="Category:Society of Suriname">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Suriname" title="Crime in Suriname">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Suriname" title="Demographics of Suriname">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Suriname" title="Education in Suriname">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Suriname" title="Health in Suriname">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Suriname">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_people" title="Surinamese people">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Surinamese_people" title="List of Surinamese people">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Suriname" title="Indigenous peoples in Suriname">indigenous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Suriname" title="Religion in Suriname">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Suriname" title="Culture of Suriname">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_zij_met_ons_Suriname" title="God zij met ons Suriname">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Suriname" title="Coat of arms of Suriname">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinamese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Surinamese cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Suriname" title="Flag of Suriname">Flag</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Suriname" title="Music of Suriname">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Public holidays in Suriname">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport in Suriname">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Suriname" title="Outline of Suriname">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Suriname" title="Outline of Suriname">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Suriname" title="Category:Suriname">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Suriname" title="Portal:Suriname">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" 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