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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Constitution</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Constitution-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Constitution subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Constitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>System</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minorities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minorities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Minorities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minorities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Transition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heads_of_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heads_of_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Heads of institutions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Heads_of_institutions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Heads of institutions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Heads_of_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Presidents_of_ASNOM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidents_of_ASNOM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Presidents of ASNOM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidents_of_ASNOM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidents_of_Presidency_of_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidents_of_Presidency_of_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Presidents of Presidency of Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidents_of_Presidency_of_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidents_of_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidents_of_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Presidents of Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidents_of_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidents_of_Presidency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidents_of_Presidency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Presidents of Presidency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidents_of_Presidency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prime_Ministers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prime_Ministers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Prime Ministers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prime_Ministers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Socialist Republic of Macedonia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جمهورية مقدونيا الاشتراكية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمهورية مقدونيا الاشتراكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Socialista_de_Macedonya" title="Republica Socialista de Macedonya – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Republica Socialista de Macedonya" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makedoniya_Sosialist_Respublikas%C4%B1" title="Makedoniya Sosialist Respublikası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Makedoniya Sosialist Respublikası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="مقدونیه سوسیالیست جومهوریتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مقدونیه سوسیالیست جومهوریتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Македонія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Македонія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Македонія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Македонія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социалистическа република Македония – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Социалистическа република Македония" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalisti%C4%8Dka_Republika_Makedonija" title="Socijalistička Republika Makedonija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Socijalistička Republika Makedonija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Socialista_de_Maced%C3%B2nia" title="República Socialista de Macedònia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="República Socialista de Macedònia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialistick%C3%A1_republika_Makedonie" title="Socialistická republika Makedonie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Socialistická republika Makedonie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialistische_Republik_Mazedonien" title="Sozialistische Republik Mazedonien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sozialistische Republik Mazedonien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Σοσιαλιστική Δημοκρατία της Μακεδονίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σοσιαλιστική Δημοκρατία της Μακεδονίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Socialista_de_Macedonia" title="República Socialista de Macedonia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="República Socialista de Macedonia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87" title="جمهوری سوسیالیستی مقدونیه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمهوری سوسیالیستی مقدونیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_socialiste_de_Mac%C3%A9doine" title="République socialiste de Macédoine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="République socialiste de Macédoine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Socialista_de_Macedonia" title="República Socialista de Macedonia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="República Socialista de Macedonia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%BC%80%EB%8F%84%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84_%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="마케도니아 사회주의 공화국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마케도니아 사회주의 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalisti%C4%8Dka_Republika_Makedonija" title="Socijalistička Republika Makedonija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Socijalistička Republika Makedonija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Sosialis_Makedonia" title="Republik Sosialis Makedonia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Republik Sosialis Makedonia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblica_Socialista_di_Macedonia" title="Repubblica Socialista di Macedonia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubblica Socialista di Macedonia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94" title="הרפובליקה הסוציאליסטית של מקדוניה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הרפובליקה הסוציאליסטית של מקדוניה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социалист Республика Македония – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Социалист Республика Македония" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="მაკედონიის სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მაკედონიის სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Социјалистичка Република Македонија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Социјалистичка Република Македонија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Sosialis_Makedonia" title="Republik Sosialis Makedonia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Republik Sosialis Makedonia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialistische_Republiek_Macedoni%C3%AB" title="Socialistische Republiek Macedonië – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Socialistische Republiek Macedonië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B1%E3%83%89%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="マケドニア社会主義共和国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マケドニア社会主義共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_socialista_de_Maced%C3%B2nia" title="Republica socialista de Macedònia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Republica socialista de Macedònia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="اشتراکی جمہوریا مقدونیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اشتراکی جمہوریا مقدونیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socjalistyczna_Republika_Macedonii" title="Socjalistyczna Republika Macedonii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Socjalistyczna Republika Macedonii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Socialista_da_Maced%C3%B3nia" title="República Socialista da Macedónia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="República Socialista da Macedónia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Socialist%C4%83_Macedonia" title="Republica Socialistă Macedonia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Republica Socialistă Macedonia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социалистическая Республика Македония – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Социалистическая Республика Македония" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9brica_Sotzialista_de_Maced%C3%B2nia" title="Repùbrica Sotzialista de Macedònia – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Repùbrica Sotzialista de Macedònia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Socialiste_e_Maqedonis%C3%AB" title="Republika Socialiste e Maqedonisë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Republika Socialiste e Maqedonisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Socialist Republic of Macedonia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Socialist Republic of Macedonia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maced%C3%B3nska_socialistick%C3%A1_republika" title="Macedónska socialistická republika – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Macedónska socialistická republika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisti%C4%8Dna_republika_Makedonija" title="Socialistična republika Makedonija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Socialistična republika Makedonija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Социјалистичка Република Македонија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Социјалистичка Република Македонија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalisti%C4%8Dka_Republika_Makedonija" title="Socijalistička Republika Makedonija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Socijalistička Republika Makedonija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makedonian_sosialistinen_tasavalta" title="Makedonian sosialistinen tasavalta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Makedonian sosialistinen tasavalta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialistiska_republiken_Makedonien" title="Socialistiska republiken Makedonien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Socialistiska republiken Makedonien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D2%96%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%BB%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Македония Социалистик Җөмһүрияте – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Македония Социалистик Җөмһүрияте" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="สาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมมาซิโดเนีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมมาซิโดเนีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makedonya_Sosyalist_Cumhuriyeti" title="Makedonya Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Makedonya Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Соціалістична Республіка Македонія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Соціалістична Республіка Македонія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%81" title="اشتراکی جمہوریہ مقدونیہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اشتراکی جمہوریہ مقدونیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi 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21.433</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Federated state of Yugoslavia (1944–1991)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the predecessor state to the current <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>. 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.infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Democratic Federal Macedonia <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><small>(1944–1946)</small></span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">Демократска Федерална Македонија</span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"><i>Demokratska Federalna Makedonija</i></span><hr />People's Republic of Macedonia <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"><small>(1946–1963)</small></span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">Народна Република Македонија</span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"><i>Narodna Republika Makedonija</i></span><hr />Socialist Republic of Macedonia <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"><small>(1963–1991)</small></span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">Социјалистичка Република Македонија</span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"><i>Socijalistička Republika Makedonija</i></span><hr />Republic of Macedonia <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"><small>(1991)</small></span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">Република Македонија</span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold"><i>Republika Makedonija</i></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1944–1991</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_(1963%E2%80%931991).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Socialist Republic of Macedonia"><img alt="Flag of Socialist Republic of Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_North_Macedonia#History" title="Flag of North Macedonia">Flag<br />(1946–1991)</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Macedonia_(1946%E2%80%932009).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Socialist Republic of Macedonia"><img alt="Emblem of Socialist Republic of Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Emblem_of_Macedonia_%281946%E2%80%932009%29.svg/85px-Emblem_of_Macedonia_%281946%E2%80%932009%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Emblem_of_Macedonia_%281946%E2%80%932009%29.svg/128px-Emblem_of_Macedonia_%281946%E2%80%932009%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Emblem_of_Macedonia_%281946%E2%80%932009%29.svg/170px-Emblem_of_Macedonia_%281946%E2%80%932009%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="248" data-file-height="290" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_North_Macedonia" title="National emblem of North Macedonia"> Emblem</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> <a href="/wiki/March_of_the_Macedonian_Revolutionaries" title="March of the Macedonian Revolutionaries">March of the Macedonian Revolutionaries</a> (1944)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Denes_nad_Makedonija" title="Denes nad Makedonija">Денес над Македонија</a> (1945–1991)<br />Denes nad Makedonija<br />(English: <span lang="en">"Today Over Macedonia"</span>)<br /><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="50" data-mwtitle="North_Macedonia's_national_anthem_(instrumental).ogg" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/b/b6/North_Macedonia%27s_national_anthem_%28instrumental%29.ogg/North_Macedonia%27s_national_anthem_%28instrumental%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b6/North_Macedonia%27s_national_anthem_%28instrumental%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANorth_Macedonia%27s_national_anthem_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=el&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="el" label="Ελληνικά ‪(el)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANorth_Macedonia%27s_national_anthem_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANorth_Macedonia%27s_national_anthem_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=fr&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français ‪(fr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANorth_Macedonia%27s_national_anthem_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=ja&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ja" label="日本語 ‪(ja)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track 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src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANorth_Macedonia%27s_national_anthem_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANorth_Macedonia%27s_national_anthem_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=sr-el&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr-Latn" label="srpski (latinica) ‪(sr-el)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANorth_Macedonia%27s_national_anthem_%28instrumental%29.ogg&lang=sr&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr" label="српски / srpski ‪(sr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Locator_map_Macedonia_in_Yugoslavia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Macedonia within Yugoslavia"><img alt="Macedonia within Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Locator_map_Macedonia_in_Yugoslavia.svg/250px-Locator_map_Macedonia_in_Yugoslavia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Locator_map_Macedonia_in_Yugoslavia.svg/375px-Locator_map_Macedonia_in_Yugoslavia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Locator_map_Macedonia_in_Yugoslavia.svg/500px-Locator_map_Macedonia_in_Yugoslavia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1220" data-file-height="1057" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Macedonia within <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Constituent_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituent state">Constituent republic</a> of <b><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Secular_state" title="Secular state">Secular state</a> (<i>de jure</i>)<br /><a href="/wiki/State_atheism" title="State atheism">State atheism</a> (<i>de facto</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="font-size:85%;"><b>1946–1990:</b></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoist</a> <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one-party</a> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">socialist republic</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><b>1990–1991:</b></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_republic" title="Parliamentary republic">Parliamentary republic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Historical era</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Anti-fascist_Assembly_for_the_National_Liberation_of_Macedonia" title="Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia">ASNOM</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">2 August 1944</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/End_of_World_War_II_in_Europe" title="End of World War II in Europe">End of World War II</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8 May 1945</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1991</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Independence declared by referendum </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8 September 1991</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_lek" title="Albanian lek">Albanian lek</a> (1944)<br /><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">Bulgarian lev</a> (1944–1945)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_dinar" title="Yugoslav dinar">Yugoslav dinar</a> (1945–1991)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Annual1993_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Annual1993-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Kingdom of Bulgaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Albania_%281943%E2%80%931944%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Kingdom_(1943%E2%80%9344)" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Kingdom (1943–44)">Albanian Kingdom (1943–44)</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">Republic of Macedonia</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia_%281963%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spomenik_na_NOB(Kosturnica).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Spomenik_na_NOB%28Kosturnica%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="334" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="334" /></a><figcaption>Second World War memorial - <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Ossuary_Kumanovo" title="Memorial Ossuary Kumanovo">Memorial Ossuary Kumanovo</a>. Celebrating the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav Partisan">Yugoslav Partisan</a> movement became one of the main components of the post-World War II Macedonian culture.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lazar_Kolishevski_monument.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Lazar_Kolishevski_monument.jpg/250px-Lazar_Kolishevski_monument.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Lazar_Kolishevski_monument.jpg/375px-Lazar_Kolishevski_monument.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Lazar_Kolishevski_monument.jpg/500px-Lazar_Kolishevski_monument.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Monument of <a href="/wiki/Lazar_Koli%C5%A1evski" title="Lazar Koliševski">Lazar Koliševski</a> in his hometown <a href="/wiki/Sveti_Nikole" title="Sveti Nikole">Sveti Nikole</a>. Kolishevski was the first Prime Minister of the SR Macedonia.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Socialist Republic of Macedonia</b> (<a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a>: <span lang="mk">Социјалистичка Република Македонија</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Macedonian" title="Romanization of Macedonian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Macedonian-language romanization"><i lang="mk-Latn">Socijalistička Republika Makedonija</i></span>), or <b>SR Macedonia</b>, commonly referred to as <b>Socialist Macedonia</b>, <b>Yugoslav Macedonia</b> or simply <b>Macedonia</b>, was one of the six constituent republics of the post-World War II <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Nation_state" title="Nation state">nation state</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Macedonians_(ethnic_group)" title="Macedonians (ethnic group)">Macedonians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the transition of the <a href="/wiki/Political_system" title="Political system">political system</a> to <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary democracy">parliamentary democracy</a> in 1990, the Republic changed its official name to <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">Republic of Macedonia</a> in 1991,<sup id="cite_ref-namechange_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-namechange-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and with the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">breakup of Yugoslavia</a>, it declared itself an <a href="/wiki/Independent_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent state">independent</a> <a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">country</a> and held a <a href="/wiki/1991_Macedonian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Macedonian independence referendum">referendum on 8 September 1991</a> on which a sovereign and independent state of Macedonia, with a right to enter into any alliance with sovereign states of Yugoslavia was approved. </p><p>Geographically, SR Macedonia bordered <a href="/wiki/Socialist_People%27s_Republic_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist People's Republic of Albania">Albania</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> to the south and <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> to the east. Within Yugoslavia, it bordered <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Republic of Serbia">SR Serbia</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Autonomous_Province_of_Kosovo" title="Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo">SAP Kosovo</a>) to the north. It was one of two constituent republics of Yugoslavia that were landlocked. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first Macedonian state was formally proclaimed under the name <b>Democratic Federal Macedonia</b><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a>: <span lang="mk">Демократска Федерална Македонија</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Macedonian" title="Romanization of Macedonian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Macedonian-language romanization"><i lang="mk-Latn">Demokratska Federalna Makedonija</i></span>) at the First Plenary Session of the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Fascist_Assembly_for_the_People%27s_Liberation_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Fascist Assembly for the People's Liberation of Macedonia">Anti-Fascist Assembly for the People's Liberation of Macedonia</a> (ASNOM) <a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslav_Macedonia" title="World War II in Yugoslav Macedonia">during World War II</a>. It was set up clandestinely on 2 August 1944 in the <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of Bulgaria during World War II">Bulgarian occupation zone in Yugoslavia</a> (in the <a href="/wiki/Prohor_P%C4%8Dinjski_Monastery" title="Prohor Pčinjski Monastery">Prohor Pčinjski Monastery</a>, now in <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This date is now celebrated in North Macedonia as the <a href="/wiki/Republic_Day_(North_Macedonia)" title="Republic Day (North Macedonia)">Republic Day</a>. It was chosen intentionally, as it was the date of the <a href="/wiki/Ilinden_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilinden Uprising">Ilinden Uprising</a> against <a href="/wiki/History_of_Macedonia_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Macedonia (region)">Ottoman rule</a> in 1903. However, after the Bulgarian Army retreated from the region under Soviet pressure, on 8 September, right-wing <a href="/wiki/Internal_Macedonian_Revolutionary_Organization" title="Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization">Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization</a> nationalists declared a pro-German <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent State of Macedonia">Macedonian puppet-state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early October, under the leadership of the new Bulgarian pro-Soviet government, the Bulgarian Army re-entered Yugoslavia to block the German forces in their withdrawal from Greece.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Macedonia the Bulgarians fought side-by-side with the fighters of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army of Macedonia">People's Liberation Army of Macedonia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tomasevich-2001-p168_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tomasevich-2001-p168-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Vardar_Banovina" title="Vardar Banovina">Vardar Banovina</a> was <i>de facto</i> liberated from the Germans and their collaborationists in late November 1944, so the ASNOM became operational in December, shortly after the German retreat. Nevertheless, in December anti-communist Albanian nationalists in Western Macedonia tried to remain in control of the region after the Yugoslav Partisans announced victory.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They aimed to resist incorporation of the area into communist Yugoslavia and it was only in early 1945 that the Yugoslav Partisans were able to establish their control over the mountainous area. </p><p>The nature of the new Yugoslav state remained unclear immediately after the war. Yugoslavia was envisioned by the Partisans as a "Democratic Federation", including six federal states.<sup id="cite_ref-The_three_Yugoslavias_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_three_Yugoslavias-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Tito's nomination as Prime Minister was accepted on 29 November 1945, the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> was declared, with its constitution coming into force in 1946. As a result, Macedonia changed its name to the <b><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic">People's Republic</a> of Macedonia</b> and was incorporated as a <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia#Federal_units" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">constituent republic</a> in the Yugoslav <a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">Federation</a>. </p><p>People with various degrees of allegedly being pro-Bulgarian orientation (in the most cases they were pro-Independence and anti-Yugoslav) were purged from their positions, then isolated, arrested and imprisoned on fabricated charges. In many cases they were executed en masse, such as during the <a href="/wiki/Bloody_Christmas_(1945)" title="Bloody Christmas (1945)">Bloody Christmas of 1945</a>. The number of victims remains unclear, many academic sources put the number at 1,200 people <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although according to Bulgarian estimates, the number is estimated to be around 50,000, including those executed, imprisoned, deported, subject to forced labor, etc. Some additional purges followed after the <a href="/wiki/Tito%E2%80%93Stalin_split" title="Tito–Stalin split">Tito–Stalin split</a>. </p><p>The national <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian language</a> was codified in 1945 and the first publishing house "Prosvetno Delo" was established on 16 April 1945. The state was formed on the territory of <a href="/wiki/Vardar_Banovina" title="Vardar Banovina">Vardar Banovina</a>, a part of the wider <a href="/wiki/Region_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Region of Macedonia">geographical region of Macedonia</a>, which was divided between several countries. Some Macedonian politicians from the Republic advocated the idea of a <a href="/wiki/United_Macedonia" title="United Macedonia">United Macedonia</a>, which would include <a href="/wiki/Aegean_Macedonia" title="Aegean Macedonia">Aegean Macedonia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pirin_Macedonia" title="Pirin Macedonia">Pirin Macedonia</a>. The idea was somewhat supported by the federal Yugoslav authorities on some occasions, or repressed, depending on the regional and international political situation. </p><p>Some people were against the federation and demanded <a href="/wiki/Regionalism_(politics)" title="Regionalism (politics)">greater independence</a> from the federal authorities, leading to their persecution. One of the notable victims of these purges was the first <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Republic of Macedonia">president</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metodija_Andonov-%C4%8Cento" title="Metodija Andonov-Čento">Metodija Andonov-Čento</a>. To wipe out the remnants of <a href="/wiki/Bulgarophile" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarophile">Bulgarophile</a> sentiments, the Yugoslavian communists started a process of Macedonization and <a href="/wiki/Nation-building" title="Nation-building">nation-building</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Constitution">Constitution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slvesnik.com.mk/Issues/0AF2E0456C964935B7705FB5BF6F31F9.pdf">Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia, 1974 – Official Gazette</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Macedonian)</span></dd></dl> <p>The Socialist Republic of Macedonia, which was defined as a <a href="/wiki/Nation-state" class="mw-redirect" title="Nation-state">nation-state</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Macedonians" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic Macedonians">Macedonians</a> and also a state of its <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic minorities">ethnic minorities</a>, had some powers normally associated with an <a href="/wiki/Independent_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent state">independent state</a>. The Constitution also recognized the right of <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a> and <a href="/wiki/Secession" title="Secession">secession</a>. The borders of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia could only be changed by decision of the republic's parliament. Its inhabitants held both Yugoslav citizenship and an internal Macedonian citizenship for state business. </p><p>The Socialist Republic of Macedonia had its own <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Presidency" title="Presidency">presidency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a>, <a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">official language</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_symbol" title="National symbol">state symbols</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts">Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts</a>, <i>Secretariat of Internal Affairs</i> (<a href="/wiki/Interior_ministry" title="Interior ministry">Interior ministry</a>), <i>Bureau for Foreign Relations</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Macedonia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Macedonia)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other state prerogatives. Also, the Socialist Republic of Macedonia had its own <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defense_Forces_(Yugoslavia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Defense Forces (Yugoslavia)">Territorial Defence</a> armed forces (<a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a>: Територијална одбрана, Teritorijalna odbrana).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="System">System</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: System"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Socialist Republic of Macedonia was a <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one-party</a> <a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">communist state</a>, the ruling political party being the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Macedonia" title="League of Communists of Macedonia">League of Communists of Macedonia</a> (in Macedonian: <i>Сојуз на Комунистите на Македонија, Sojuz na Komunistite na Makedonija</i>, <a href="/wiki/Abbreviation" title="Abbreviation">abbreviation</a>: <i>СКМ, SKM</i>). Being a <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia#Federal_units" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">constituent state of Yugoslavia</a>, a leading founder of the <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a>, SR Macedonia pursued a neutral foreign policy and maintained a more liberal communist system compared to other communist states. The ruling <a href="/wiki/Ideology" title="Ideology">ideology</a> was based on <a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Workers' self-management</a> (Macedonian: самоуправување, samoupravuvanje). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minorities">Minorities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Minorities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the Macedonians were the majority and were one of the constituent nations of SFR Yugoslavia (official term: <i>narod</i>) the rights of the <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic minorities">ethnic minorities</a> (official term: <i>narodnosti</i>) were guaranteed by the Constitution. The official language of SR Macedonia was Macedonian,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however <a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_the_Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanians in the Republic of Macedonia">Macedonian Albanians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_North_Macedonia" title="Turks in North Macedonia">Macedonian Turks</a> had the right to use their own languages within the school system and the media.<sup id="cite_ref-Ada_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ada-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The constitution of the SR Macedonia defined the state as the national state of the ethnic Macedonians, but also as the state of Albanians and Turks.<sup id="cite_ref-Ada_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ada-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the start of Yugoslav rule in Macedonia, accusations surfaced that the new authorities were involved in retribution against people who did not support the formation of the new Macedonian national identity.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of victims due to organized killings of <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_the_Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarians in the Republic of Macedonia">Bulgarians</a> is unclear. Bulgarian sources claim that thousands of people were killed after 1944 and that more than 100,000 people were put in prison under the "<a href="/wiki/Law_for_the_Protection_of_Macedonian_National_Honor" class="mw-redirect" title="Law for the Protection of Macedonian National Honor">Law for the Protection of Macedonian National Honor</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In SR Macedonia the <i>Bulgarophobia</i> increased to the level of <a href="/wiki/State_ideology" class="mw-redirect" title="State ideology">State ideology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although the ruling <a href="/wiki/Communism_and_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Communism and religion">communists discouraged religion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religious_freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious freedom">religious freedom</a> was allowed to a certain extent. The authorities allowed the existence of the <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Orthodox_Church" title="Macedonian Orthodox Church">Macedonian Orthodox Church</a>, which proclaimed <a href="/wiki/Autocephaly" title="Autocephaly">autocephaly</a> in 1967. In 1972 the construction of the largest orthodox church <i><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Clement_of_Ohrid" title="Church of St. Clement of Ohrid">St. Clement of Ohrid</a></i> in the capital of Skopje began. <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_North_Macedonia" title="Islam in North Macedonia">Muslims</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism in North Macedonia">Catholics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_North_Macedonia" title="Protestantism in North Macedonia">Protestants</a> and other religious communities also could maintain their own organisations and <a href="/wiki/Place_of_worship" title="Place of worship">places of worship</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geography">Geography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Socialist Republic of Macedonia was the 4th largest <a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">constituent country</a> of SFR Yugoslavia both by area and population. Within Yugoslavia, it had an internal border with the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Republic of Serbia">Socialist Republic of Serbia</a> to the north and its subunit the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Autonomous_Province_of_Kosovo" title="Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo">Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo</a> to the northwest, and had international borders with the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">People's Socialist Republic of Albania</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> to the south, and the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">People's Republic of Bulgaria</a> to the east. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transition">Transition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Transition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1990 the <a href="/wiki/Form_of_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Form of government">form of government</a> peacefully changed from <a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">socialist state</a> to <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary democracy">parliamentary democracy</a>. The first pluralist elections were held on 11 November the same year. The once ruling <a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">communist party</a> took a reformist direction and renamed itself <i>League of Communists of Macedonia – Party for Democratic Change</i> led by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petar_Go%C5%A1ev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petar Gošev (page does not exist)">Petar Gošev</a>. After the head of the last communist presidency <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Mitkov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimir Mitkov (page does not exist)">Vladimir Mitkov</a><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resigned, <a href="/wiki/Kiro_Gligorov" title="Kiro Gligorov">Kiro Gligorov</a> became the first democratically elected president of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia on 31 January 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-gligorov_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gligorov-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 April, parliament adopted a <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_amendment" title="Constitutional amendment">constitutional amendment</a> removing "<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Republic">Socialist</a>" from the official name of the entity, and on 7 June the new name Republic of Macedonia was officially established.<sup id="cite_ref-namechange_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-namechange-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the process of <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissolution of Yugoslavia">dissolution of Yugoslavia</a> began, the Republic of Macedonia issued a Sovereignty Declaration on 25 January 1991<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later proclaimed itself a fully independent country, following a referendum held on 8 September 1991. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of North Macedonia">Republic of North Macedonia</a> is the legal successor to the Socialist Republic of Macedonia. It was known as the Republic of Macedonia until February 2019 when it underwent an official name change following the <a href="/wiki/Prespa_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Prespa agreement">Prespa agreement</a> with Greece in June 2018 which resolved a long-standing naming dispute. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heads_of_institutions">Heads of institutions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Heads of institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_North_Macedonia" title="Category:History of North Macedonia">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_North_Macedonia" title="History of North Macedonia">History of<br />North Macedonia</a></th> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_North_Macedonia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Coat_of_arms_of_North_Macedonia.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Coat_of_arms_of_North_Macedonia.svg/105px-Coat_of_arms_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Coat_of_arms_of_North_Macedonia.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="799" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_Southeast_Europe" title="Prehistory of Southeast Europe">Prehistory</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star%C4%8Devo_culture" title="Starčevo culture">Starčevo culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vin%C4%8Da_culture" title="Vinča culture">Vinča culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokino" title="Kokino">Kokino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trebeni%C5%A1ta" title="Trebeništa">Trebeništa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_of_Macedonia" title="Adam of Macedonia">Adam of Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerje,_Skopje" title="Cerje, Skopje">Neolithic Sites</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">Antiquity</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paeonians" title="Paeonians">Paeonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paeonia_(kingdom)" title="Paeonia (kingdom)">Paeonia (kingdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelagonia" title="Pelagonia">Pelagonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_kingdom" title="Illyrian kingdom">Illyrian kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(ancient_kingdom)" title="Macedonia (ancient kingdom)">Kingdom of Macedon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dardania" title="Kingdom of Dardania">Kingdom of Dardania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Roman_province)" title="Macedonia (Roman province)">Macedonia (Roman province)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migration_Period" title="Migration Period">Migration Period</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Slavic_migrations_to_the_Balkans" title="Slavic migrations to the Balkans">Slavic migrations to the Balkans</a>)</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Sclaveni" title="Sclaveni">Sclaveni</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Ohrid_Literary_School" title="Ohrid Literary School">Ohrid Literary School</a> <a href="/wiki/Archbishopric_of_Ohrid" title="Archbishopric of Ohrid">Archbishopric of Ohrid</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Byzantine_conquest_of_Bulgaria" title="Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria">Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria</a> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_(theme)" title="Bulgaria (theme)">Bulgaria (theme)</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobromir_Chrysos" title="Dobromir Chrysos">Dobromir Chrysos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Second Bulgarian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Empire" title="Serbian Empire">Serbian Empire</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Lordship_of_Prilep" title="Lordship of Prilep">Lordship of Prilep</a> <a href="/wiki/District_of_Brankovi%C4%87" title="District of Branković">District of Branković</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Lezh%C3%AB" title="League of Lezhë">League of Lezhë</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Kastrioti" title="Principality of Kastrioti">Principality of Kastrioti</a> <a href="/wiki/Gropa_family" title="Gropa family">Gropa family</a> <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Muzaka" title="Principality of Muzaka">Principality of Muzaka</a>)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia_under_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="North Macedonia under the Ottoman Empire">Early Modern</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia_under_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="North Macedonia under the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman North Macedonia</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Uskup" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanjak of Uskup">Sanjak of Uskup</a> <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Salonica" title="Sanjak of Salonica">Sanjak of Salonica</a> <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Monastir" title="Sanjak of Monastir">Sanjak of Monastir</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumelia_Eyalet" title="Rumelia Eyalet">Rumelia Eyalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariovo_and_Prilep_rebellion" title="Mariovo and Prilep rebellion">Mariovo and Prilep rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karposh%27s_rebellion" title="Karposh's rebellion">Karposh's rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Berlin" title="Congress of Berlin">Congress of Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razlovci_uprising" title="Razlovci uprising">Razlovci uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brsjak_revolt" title="Brsjak revolt">Brsjak revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Struggle" title="Macedonian Struggle">Macedonian Struggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_question" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonian question">Macedonian question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_nationalism" title="Macedonian nationalism">National awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilinden%E2%80%93Preobrazhenie_Uprising" title="Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising">Ilinden Uprising</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%A1evo_Republic" title="Kruševo Republic">Kruševo Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1913)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1913)">Treaty of Bucharest (1913)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikve%C5%A1_uprising" title="Tikveš uprising">Tikveš </a> and <a href="/wiki/Ohrid%E2%80%93Debar_uprising" title="Ohrid–Debar uprising">Ohrid uprising</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Late Modern</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_occupation_of_Serbia_(World_War_I)" title="Bulgarian occupation of Serbia (World War I)">Bulgarian occupation zone of Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_front" title="Macedonian front">Macedonian front during World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Serbia_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="South Serbia (1919–1922)">South Serbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vardar_Banovina" title="Vardar Banovina">Vardar Banovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslav_Macedonia" title="World War II in Yugoslav Macedonia">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_North_Macedonia" title="The Holocaust in North Macedonia">The Holocaust in North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Macedonia_(1944)" title="Independent Macedonia (1944)">Independent State (1944)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascist_Assembly_for_the_National_Liberation_of_Macedonia" title="Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia">Anti-Fascist Assembly (ASNOM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Christmas_(1945)" title="Bloody Christmas (1945)">Bloody Christmas (1945)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Macedonia)" title="National Liberation Front (Macedonia)">National Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Greek_Civil_War" title="Refugees of the Greek Civil War">Exodus from Northern Greece</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Socialist Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Skopje_earthquake" title="1963 Skopje earthquake">1963 Skopje earthquake</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Contemporary</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Macedonian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Macedonian independence referendum">1991 Macedonian independence referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">Independent Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_insurgency_in_Macedonia" title="2001 insurgency in Macedonia">2001 insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiquization" title="Antiquization">Antiquization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_naming_dispute" title="Macedonia naming dispute">Naming dispute with Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Vev%C4%8Dani" title="Republic of Vevčani">Republic of Vevčani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republic_of_Macedonia_inter-ethnic_violence" title="2012 Republic of Macedonia inter-ethnic violence">2012 Republic of Macedonia inter-ethnic violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Kumanovo_clashes" title="2015 Kumanovo clashes">2015 Kumanovo clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prespa_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Prespa agreement">Prespa Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93North_Macedonia_relations" title="Bulgaria–North Macedonia relations">Historical and linguistic dispute with Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="North Macedonia–NATO relations">2020 NATO accession</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_North_Macedonia_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of North Macedonia to the European Union">Accession to the European Union (2005 - )</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #eee;color: var(--color-base)">Topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_North_Macedonia" title="Military history of North Macedonia">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Macedonia" title="Economy of North Macedonia">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_North_Macedonia" title="Demographic history of North Macedonia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Macedonians_(ethnic_group)" title="History of the Macedonians (ethnic group)">History of the ethnic Macedonian people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Art of North Macedonia">Art of North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_Macedonia" title="Religion in North Macedonia">Religion in North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_North_Macedonia" title="Assembly of North Macedonia">Assembly of North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_North_Macedonia" title="Constitution of North Macedonia">Constitution of North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Macedonia" title="Economy of North Macedonia">Economy of North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_naming_dispute" title="Macedonia naming dispute">Naming dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_North_Macedonia" title="Public holidays in North Macedonia">Public holidays</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_history_of_North_Macedonia" title="Timeline of the history of North Macedonia">Timeline of the history of North Macedonia</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_North_Macedonia" title="Template:History of North Macedonia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_North_Macedonia" title="Template talk:History of North Macedonia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_North_Macedonia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of North Macedonia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidents_of_ASNOM">Presidents of ASNOM</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Presidents of ASNOM"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metodija_Andonov-%C4%8Cento" title="Metodija Andonov-Čento">Metodija Andonov-Čento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_Koli%C5%A1evski" title="Lazar Koliševski">Lazar Koliševski</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidents_of_Presidency_of_Parliament">Presidents of Presidency of Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Presidents of Presidency of Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_Koli%C5%A1evski" title="Lazar Koliševski">Lazar Koliševski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vidoe_Smilevski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vidoe Smilevski (page does not exist)">Vidoe Smilevski</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidents_of_Parliament">Presidents of Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Presidents of Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dim%C4%8De-Mire_Stojanov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dimče-Mire Stojanov (page does not exist)">Dimče-Mire Stojanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_Koli%C5%A1evski" title="Lazar Koliševski">Lazar Koliševski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ljup%C4%8Do_Arsov" title="Ljupčo Arsov">Ljupčo Arsov</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vidoe_Smilevski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vidoe Smilevski (page does not exist)">Vidoe Smilevski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito_Had%C5%BEivasilev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mito Hadživasilev (page does not exist)">Mito Hadživasilev</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikola_Min%C4%8Dev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikola Minčev (page does not exist)">Nikola Minčev</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidents_of_Presidency">Presidents of Presidency</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Presidents of Presidency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vidoe_Smilevski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vidoe Smilevski (page does not exist)">Vidoe Smilevski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ljup%C4%8Do_Arsov" title="Ljupčo Arsov">Ljupčo Arsov</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angel_%C4%8Cemerski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angel Čemerski (page does not exist)">Angel Čemerski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blagoja_Talevski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blagoja Talevski (page does not exist)">Blagoja Talevski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tome_Bukleski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tome Bukleski (page does not exist)">Tome Bukleski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Van%C4%8Do_Apostolski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vančo Apostolski (page does not exist)">Vančo Apostolski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dragoljub_Stavrev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dragoljub Stavrev (page does not exist)">Dragoljub Stavrev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jezdimir_Bogdanski" title="Jezdimir Bogdanski">Jezdimir Bogdanski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Mitkov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimir Mitkov (page does not exist)">Vladimir Mitkov</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prime_Ministers">Prime Ministers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Prime Ministers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_Koli%C5%A1evski" title="Lazar Koliševski">Lazar Koliševski</a> (1945–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ljup%C4%8Do_Arsov" title="Ljupčo Arsov">Ljupčo Arsov</a> (1953–1961)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksandar_Grli%C4%8Dkov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksandar Grličkov (page does not exist)">Aleksandar Grličkov</a> (1961–1965)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikola_Min%C4%8Dev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikola Minčev (page does not exist)">Nikola Minčev</a> (1965–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksente_Bogoev" title="Ksente Bogoev">Ksente Bogoev</a> (1968–1974)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blagoja_Popov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blagoja Popov (page does not exist)">Blagoja Popov</a> (1974–1982)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dragoljub_Stavrev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dragoljub Stavrev (page does not exist)">Dragoljub Stavrev</a> (1982–1986)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gligorije_Gogovski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gligorije Gogovski (page does not exist)">Gligorije Gogovski</a> (1986–1991)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-gligorov-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gligorov_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kiro Gligorov was elected president on 31 January 1991, when SR Macedonia was still an official name of the nation. After the change of the state's name, he continued his function as a <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Republic of Macedonia">President of the Republic of Macedonia</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.president.gov.mk/gligorov.asp">The Official Site of The President of the Republic of Macedonia</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKideckelHalpern2000" class="citation book cs1">Kideckel, David; Halpern, Joel (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EEBkON-ySQUC"><i>Neighbors at War: Anthropological Perspectives on Yugoslav Ethnicity, Culture, and History</i></a>. Penn State Press. p. 165. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780271044354" title="Special:BookSources/9780271044354"><bdi>9780271044354</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Neighbors+at+War%3A+Anthropological+Perspectives+on+Yugoslav+Ethnicity%2C+Culture%2C+and+History&rft.pages=165&rft.pub=Penn+State+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780271044354&rft.aulast=Kideckel&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Halpern%2C+Joel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEEBkON-ySQUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist+Republic+of+Macedonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAvramović2007" class="citation web cs1">Avramović, Sima (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iclrs.org/content/blurb/files/Serbia.1.pdf">"Understanding Secularism in a Post-Communist State: Case of Serbia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Understanding+Secularism+in+a+Post-Communist+State%3A+Case+of+Serbia&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Avramovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Sima&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iclrs.org%2Fcontent%2Fblurb%2Ffiles%2FSerbia.1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist+Republic+of+Macedonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Веднаш штом е завршено штембилувањето на бугарските левови и албанските лекови, со цел упростување на валутното прашање во Македонија, лековите се заменети со левови. За тоа повереникот за финансии при Президиумот на АСНОМ реферира пред претставниците на народноослободителните одбори на конференцијата што е одржана во ослободено Скопје во врска со финансиските проблеми. На тој начин, штембилуваниот лев остана единствена валута на подрачјето на Македонија... Види и Закон за курсевите за повлекување на окупационите банкноти и за регулирање на обврските (Сл. лист на ДФЈ“, број 23 од 19 април 1945). For more see: ASNOM vo sozdavanjeto na državata na makedonskiot narod. Referati od naučen sobir održan od 29 do 31 oktomvri 1984 godina vo Skopje (1987) Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite, str. 380.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Howard M. Berlin (2015) World Monetary Units. An Historical Dictionary, Country by Country. McFarland Incorporated, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781476606736" title="Special:BookSources/9781476606736">9781476606736</a>, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bulgarian currency had been used by the short-lived <a href="/wiki/Independent_Macedonia_(1944)" title="Independent Macedonia (1944)">pro-German puppet government</a> in the autкmn of 1944. After the <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Skopje_(1944)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Skopje (1944)">capture of Skopje</a> in November 1944, the new Macedonian authorities confiscated <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">лв.</a>430 million, stamps, and other securities from the former <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_National_Bank" title="Bulgarian National Bank">Bulgarian National Bank</a> building. They refused to give the funds to Sofia, and General <a href="/wiki/Damyan_Velchev" title="Damyan Velchev">Damyan Velchev</a> ordered a Bulgarian artillery regiment to return from South Serbia to shell Skopje and confiscate the funds. The order was rescinded after the intervention of <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Marshal of the Soviet Union">Marshal of the Soviet Union</a> <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Tolbukhin" title="Fyodor Tolbukhin">Fyodor Tolbukhin</a>, preventing an armed conflict. For more see: Добрин Мичев, Македонският въпрос и българо-югославските отношения: 9 септември 1944-1949, Унив. изд-во "Св. Климент Охридски", 1994, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9540701821" title="Special:BookSources/9540701821">9540701821</a>, стр. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to the article, the author of which is a Bulgarian banking expert and doctor of finance, the used Bulgarian banknotes were stamped with the inscription: <i>Democratic Federative Yugoslavia Finance Commission for Macedonia.</i> When withdrawing at the beginning of September 1944, the Bulgarian authorities took the available banknotes to the headquarters of the Bulgarian National Bank in Skopje. However, the Bulgarian currency remained in circulation under German occupation. By order of <a href="/wiki/Adolf-Heinz_Beckerle" title="Adolf-Heinz Beckerle">Adolf-Heinz Beckerle</a>, additional quantities <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">lev</a> were printed at the <a href="/wiki/German_Reich" title="German Reich">German Reich</a> printing house in Berlin, where the Bulgarian banknotes were printed, and were sent to Macedonia. For more: Костадин Христов, За първите македонски банкноти. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.risk-guidance.eu/publications/84-macedonia-bank">Управление на риска ООД, 20.09.2017 г.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>In April 1945 war - time and pre - war currencies were called in and replaced by a new dinar with an exchange rate of one new to ten old dinars.</i> For more: Clifford Darby (1966) Short History of Yugoslavia, Cambridge University Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521046763" title="Special:BookSources/9780521046763">9780521046763</a>, p. 237.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Annual1993-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Annual1993_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbrm.mk/WBStorage/Files/annual_report_1993.pdf">"National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia. Annual Report 1993"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.nbrm.mk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nbrm.mk&rft.atitle=National+Bank+of+the+Republic+of+Macedonia.+Annual+Report+1993&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbrm.mk%2FWBStorage%2FFiles%2Fannual_report_1993.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist+Republic+of+Macedonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tomasevich, Jozo (2002) War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941-1945: Occupation and Collaboration. Stanford University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780804779241" title="Special:BookSources/9780804779241">9780804779241</a>, p. 705.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slvesnik.com.mk/Issues/0AF2E0456C964935B7705FB5BF6F31F9.pdf">Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia, 1974 – Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Macedonian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title=""><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/sr:%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_(1946)"><i>sr:Устав Федеративне Народне Републике Југославије (1946)</i> </a></span> (in Serbian) – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist+Republic+of+Macedonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title=""><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/sr:%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_(1963)"><i>sr:Устав Социјалистичке Федеративне Републике Југославије (1963)</i> </a></span> (in Serbian) – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist+Republic+of+Macedonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-namechange-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-namechange_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-namechange_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mia.com.mk/portal/page?_pageid=113,160569&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&prikaz=22&VestID=18237491"><i>On This Day</i> – Macedonian Information Agency – MIA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080125143657/http://www.mia.com.mk/portal/page?_pageid=113,160569&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&prikaz=22&VestID=18237491">Archived</a> 25 January 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, see: 1991 <span class="languageicon">(in Macedonian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cecl.gr/RigasNetwork/databank/REPORTS/r1/Fyrom_R1_Cvetkovski.html">Constitutional History of the Republic of Macedonia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080327060707/http://www.cecl.gr/RigasNetwork/databank/REPORTS/r1/Fyrom_R1_Cvetkovski.html">Archived</a> 27 March 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i> by Dr. Cvetan Cvetkovski, Faculty of Law, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1jSg3lxgSy8C&pg=PA286"><i>Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia</i></a>, Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0810855658" title="Special:BookSources/0810855658">0810855658</a>, p. 240.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FTw3lEqi2-oC&pg=PA139"><i>The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building And Legitimation, 1918–2005</i></a>, Sabrina P. Ramet, Indiana University Press, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0253346568" title="Special:BookSources/0253346568">0253346568</a>, p. 139-140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Das makedonische Jahrhundert: von den Anfängen der nationalrevolutionären Bewegung zum Abkommen von Ohrid 1893–2001, Stefan Troebst, Oldenbourg Verlag, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3486580507" title="Special:BookSources/3486580507">3486580507</a>, S. 234.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Axis Forces in Yugoslavia 1941–45</i>, Nigel Thomas, K. Mikulan, Darko Pavlović, Osprey Publishing, 1995, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85532-473-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-85532-473-3">1-85532-473-3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A8X6UH58dlgC&pg=PA33">p. 33</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>World War II: The Mediterranean 1940–1945, World War II: Essential Histories</i>, Paul Collier, Robert O'Neill, The Rosen Publishing Group, 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4358-9132-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-4358-9132-5">1-4358-9132-5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vc4hlXkSIDsC&pg=PA77">p. 77.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tomasevich-2001-p168-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tomasevich-2001-p168_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>War and revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: occupation and collaboration</i>, Jozo Tomasevich, Stanford University Press, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-3615-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8047-3615-4">0-8047-3615-4</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fqUSGevFe5MC&pg=PA168">p. 168</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111005172145/http://www.zemrashqiptare.net/article/Personalitete/11309/?highlight=Mefail+Shehu&match=">"Zemra Shqiptare"</a>. <i>www.zemrashqiptare.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zemrashqiptare.net/article/Personalitete/11309/?highlight=Mefail+Shehu&match=">the original</a> on 5 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.zemrashqiptare.net&rft.atitle=Zemra+Shqiptare&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zemrashqiptare.net%2Farticle%2FPersonalitete%2F11309%2F%3Fhighlight%3DMefail%2BShehu%26match%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist+Republic+of+Macedonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_three_Yugoslavias-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_three_Yugoslavias_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ramet, Sabrina P.; <i>The Three Yugoslavias: State-building and Legitimation, 1918–2005</i>; Indiana University Press, 2006 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-253-34656-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-253-34656-8">0-253-34656-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2004" class="citation book cs1">Phillips, John (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SB1OrH8iZtcC&pg=PA40"><i>Macedonia: Warlords and Rebels in the Balkans</i></a>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-841-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86064-841-0"><bdi>978-1-86064-841-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Macedonia%3A+Warlords+and+Rebels+in+the+Balkans&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-86064-841-0&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSB1OrH8iZtcC%26pg%3DPA40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocialist+Republic+of+Macedonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nikolaos Zahariadis, <i>Essence of political manipulation: emotion, institutions, & Greek foreign policy</i>, Peter Lang (publisher), 2005; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0820479039" title="Special:BookSources/0820479039">0820479039</a>, p. 85.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yugoslav Communists recognized the existence of a Macedonian nationality during WWII to quiet fears of the Macedonian population that a communist Yugoslavia would continue to follow the former Yugoslav policy of forced Serbianization. Hence, for them to recognize the inhabitants of Macedonia as Bulgarians would be tantamount to admitting that they should be part of the Bulgarian state. For that the Yugoslav Communists were most anxious to mold Macedonian history to fit their conception of Macedonian consciousness. The treatment of Macedonian history in Communist Yugoslavia had the same primary goal as the creation of the Macedonian language: to de-Bulgarize the Macedonian Slavs, and to create an national consciousness that would inspire identification with Yugoslavia. For more see: Stephen E. Palmer, Robert R. King, Yugoslav communism and the Macedonian question, Archon Books, 1971, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0208008217" title="Special:BookSources/0208008217">0208008217</a>, Chapter 9: The encouragement of Macedonian culture.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.gov.mk/default1.aspx?ItemID=301">Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Macedonia Official Site</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081116045739/http://www.mfa.gov.mk/default1.aspx?ItemID=301">Archived</a> 16 November 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.morm.gov.mk:8080/morm/en/ARM/History/History4.html">Ministry of Defence of Republic of Macedonia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071010221106/http://www.morm.gov.mk:8080/morm/en/ARM/History/History4.html">Archived</a> 10 October 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/mk:%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%9E%D0%9C,_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_8" class="extiw" title="s:mk:АСНОМ, документ 8">РЕШЕНИЕ на Антифашиското собрание на народното ослободуене на Македонија за заведуене на македонскиот јазик како службен јазик во македонската држава</a> (Rješenje <a href="/wiki/ASNOM" class="mw-redirect" title="ASNOM">Antifašističkog sobranja narodnog oslobođenja Makedonije</a> o uvođenju makedonskoga jezika kao službenog jezika u državi Makedoniji), dokument br. 8, 2. kolovoza 1944., Prohor Pčinjski, Metodije Andonov Čento (predsjedatelj ASNOM)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ada-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ada_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ada_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Spasov, Ljudmil; Arizankovska, Lidija. <i>Hierarhizacija jezikov v Republiki Makedoniji in Republiki Sloveniji glede na jezikovno politiko Evropske unije</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centerslo.net/files/File/simpozij/sim20/spasov.pdf">(161. – 169.)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100918020414/http://www.centerslo.net/files/File/simpozij/sim20/spasov.pdf">Archived</a> 18 September 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <b>u:</b> <a href="/wiki/Ada_Vidovi%C4%8D_Muha" title="Ada Vidovič Muha">Vidovič-Muha, Ada</a>. (ur.) <i>Slovenski knjižni jezik – aktualna vprašanja in zgodovinske izkušnje : ob 450-letnici izida prve slovenske knjige</i>, Zbirka »Obdobja – metode in zvrsti« (vol. 20, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1408-211X">1408-211X</a>), Center za slovenščino kot drugi/tuji jezik pri Oddelku za slovenistiko Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani, Ljubljana, 2003., <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/961-237-057-5" title="Special:BookSources/961-237-057-5">961-237-057-5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?lr=&cd=17&id=s5kYAQAAIAAJ&q=SR+Makedonije">str. 163., 164.</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>Prvi člen </i>Ustave SR Makedonije<i> (</i>Ustav na SRM<i>, 1974) je SRM definiral kot nacionalno državo makedonskega naroda ter albanske in turške narodnosti v njej. V členih 220 in 222 je bilo zapisano, da ljudje lahko prosto uporabljajo svoj jezik in pisavo za izražanje in razvijanje svoje kulture.</i></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Vidovič-Muha, 2003., 163.</cite></div></blockquote><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>Poleg tega so makedonske (in slovenske) javne osebe v okvirih SFRJ (zunaj SR Makedonije oziroma SR Slovenije) zelo redko upoštevale pravico do uporabe svojega jezika v javnem sporazumevanju, in to je dajalo vtis, da je edini uradni jezik na ravni države SFRJ srbohrvaščina.</i></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Vidovič-Muha, 2003., 164.</cite></div></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Djokić, Dejan (2003). <i>Yugoslavism: Histories of a Failed Idea, 1918–1992</i>, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers (pg. 122); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-663-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-663-0">1-85065-663-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SB1OrH8iZtcC&pg=PA40"><i>Macedonia: Warlords and Rebels in the Balkans</i></a> by John Phillips, I.B. Tauris (publisher), 2004; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/186064841X" title="Special:BookSources/186064841X">186064841X</a>, p. 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.newbalkanpolitics.org.mk/OldSite/Issue_6/editorial.eng.asp">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070924172406/http://www.newbalkanpolitics.org.mk/OldSite/Issue_6/editorial.eng.asp">Archived</a> 24 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anastas Vangeli, Antiquity musing: reflections on the Greco-Macedonian symbolic contest over the narratives of the ancient past, MA thessis; Central European University, Budapest; 2009, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pf.ukim.edu.mk/DesktopDefault.aspx?tabindex=0&tabid=213">Faculty of Law, University of Skopje</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120630064900/http://www.pf.ukim.edu.mk/DesktopDefault.aspx?tabindex=0&tabid=213">Archived</a> 30 June 2012 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Macedonian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sobranie.mk/WBStorage/Files/suverenost.pdf">Sovereignty Declaration – Parliament of the Republic of Macedonia</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Republics_and_autonomous_provinces_of_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia*233" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Republic of Serbia">Serbia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Autonomous_Province_of_Vojvodina" title="Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina">Vojvodina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Autonomous_Province_of_Kosovo" title="Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Republic of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Slovenia" title="Socialist Republic of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Montenegro" title="Socialist Republic of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>* in order of population and territory size</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="North_Macedonia_articles502" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_Macedonia_topics" title="Template:North Macedonia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_Macedonia_topics" title="Template talk:North Macedonia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_Macedonia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North Macedonia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="North_Macedonia_articles502" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_North_Macedonia" title="History of North Macedonia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_North_Macedonia#Ancient_period" title="History of North Macedonia">Ancient</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paeonia_(kingdom)" title="Paeonia (kingdom)">Paeonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelagonia" title="Pelagonia">Pelagonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(ancient_kingdom)" title="Macedonia (ancient kingdom)">Kingdom of Macedon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Macedonia" title="Upper Macedonia">Upper Macedonia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dardania" title="Kingdom of Dardania">Kingdom of Dardania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Roman_province)" title="Macedonia (Roman province)">Roman Province</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Roman_province)#Macedonia_Secunda_or_Salutaris" title="Macedonia (Roman province)">Macedonia Salutaris</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Macedonia" title="Diocese of Macedonia">Roman Diocese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_North_Macedonia#Medieval_period" title="History of North Macedonia">Medieval</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Bulgarian Empire <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Second</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_(theme)" title="Bulgaria (theme)">Theme of Bulgaria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Empire" title="Serbian Empire">Serbian Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lordship_of_Prilep" title="Lordship of Prilep">Kingdom of Prilep</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia_under_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="North Macedonia under the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karposh%27s_rebellion" title="Karposh's rebellion">Karposh's rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_nationalism" title="Macedonian nationalism">Macedonian awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilinden%E2%80%93Preobrazhenie_Uprising" title="Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising">Ilinden Uprising</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%A1evo_Republic" title="Kruševo Republic">Kruševo Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%A1evo_Manifesto" title="Kruševo Manifesto">Kruševo Manifesto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1913)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1913)">Treaty of Bucharest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_front" title="Macedonian front">World War I</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_occupation_of_Serbia_(World_War_I)" title="Bulgarian occupation of Serbia (World War I)">Bulgarian occupation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Serbia_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="South Serbia (1919–1922)">South Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vardar_Banovina" title="Vardar Banovina">Vardar Banovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="World War II in Yugoslavia">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslav_Macedonia" title="World War II in Yugoslav Macedonia">War in Yugoslav Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_North_Macedonia" title="The Holocaust in North Macedonia">The Holocaust in Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Macedonia_(1944)" title="Independent Macedonia (1944)">Independent Macedonia (1944)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascist_Assembly_for_the_National_Liberation_of_Macedonia" title="Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia">Anti-Fascist Assembly <span style="font-size:85%;">(ASNOM)</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Macedonia)" title="National Liberation Front (Macedonia)">National Liberation Front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Greek_Civil_War" title="Refugees of the Greek Civil War">Refugees of the Greek Civil War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Socialist Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Skopje_earthquake" title="1963 Skopje earthquake">1963 Skopje earthquake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">Republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2001_insurgency_in_Macedonia" title="2001 insurgency in Macedonia">2001 insurgency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohrid_Agreement_(2001)" title="Ohrid Agreement (2001)">Ohrid Agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republic_of_Macedonia_inter-ethnic_violence" title="2012 Republic of Macedonia inter-ethnic violence">2012 inter-ethnic violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Macedonian_government_building_attack" title="2014 Macedonian government building attack">2014 Macedonian government building attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Kumanovo_clashes" title="2015 Kumanovo clashes">2015 Kumanovo clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Macedonian_protests" title="2015 Macedonian protests">2015 Macedonian protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Macedonian_protests" title="2016 Macedonian protests">2016 Macedonian protests-Colorful Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_storming_of_the_Macedonian_Parliament" title="2017 storming of the Macedonian Parliament">2017 storming of the Macedonian Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prespa_Agreement" title="Prespa Agreement">2018 Prespa agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_North_Macedonia_protests" title="2022 North Macedonia protests">2022 North Macedonia protests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_North_Macedonia" title="Geography of North Macedonia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_North_Macedonia" title="List of cities in North Macedonia">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_North_Macedonia" title="Environmental issues in North Macedonia">Environmental issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_North_Macedonia" title="Geology of North Macedonia">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes#North_Macedonia" title="List of lakes">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_North_Macedonia" title="List of mountains in North Macedonia">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_North_Macedonia" title="List of rivers of North Macedonia">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_North_Macedonia" title="Wildlife of North Macedonia">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_North_Macedonia" title="Politics of North Macedonia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_North_Macedonia" title="Constitution of North Macedonia">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_North_Macedonia" title="Elections in North Macedonia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_North_Macedonia" title="Assembly of North Macedonia">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_North_Macedonia" title="List of political parties in North Macedonia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_North_Macedonia" title="President of North Macedonia">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_North_Macedonia" title="Prime Minister of North Macedonia">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_North_Macedonia" title="Administrative divisions of North Macedonia">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_North_Macedonia" title="Municipalities of North Macedonia">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistical_regions_of_North_Macedonia" title="Statistical regions of North Macedonia">Statistical regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_North_Macedonia" title="Foreign relations of North Macedonia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_North_Macedonia" title="Human rights in North Macedonia">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in North Macedonia">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_of_North_Macedonia" title="Police of North Macedonia">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_North_Macedonia" title="Army of North Macedonia">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_naming_dispute" title="Macedonia naming dispute">Naming dispute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Macedonia" title="Economy of North Macedonia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_North_Macedonia" title="Agriculture in North Macedonia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_North_Macedonia" title="National Bank of North Macedonia">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_denar" title="Macedonian denar">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_North_Macedonia" title="List of power stations in North Macedonia">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Stock_Exchange" title="Macedonian Stock Exchange">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_North_Macedonia" title="Telecommunications in North Macedonia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_North_Macedonia" title="Tourism in North Macedonia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_North_Macedonia" title="Transport in North Macedonia">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makedonski_%C5%BDeleznici" title="Makedonski Železnici">Rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_North_Macedonia" title="Category:Society of North Macedonia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_North_Macedonia" title="Demographics of North Macedonia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_North_Macedonia" title="Education in North Macedonia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_North_Macedonia#Ethnic_groups" title="Demographics of North Macedonia">Ethnic groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macedonians_(ethnic_group)" title="Macedonians (ethnic group)">Macedonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_North_Macedonia" title="Albanians in North Macedonia">Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Romani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_North_Macedonia" title="Health in North Macedonia">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_North_Macedonia" title="Languages of North Macedonia">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_Macedonia" title="Religion in North Macedonia">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_North_Macedonia" title="Women in North Macedonia">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_North_Macedonia" title="Culture of North Macedonia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denes_nad_Makedonija" title="Denes nad Makedonija">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_North_Macedonia" title="Architecture of North Macedonia">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_North_Macedonia" title="Cinema of North Macedonia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_cuisine" title="Macedonian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_embroidery" title="Macedonian embroidery">Embroidery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_North_Macedonia" title="Flag of North Macedonia">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_literature" title="Macedonian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_North_Macedonia" title="Mass media in North Macedonia">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_North_Macedonia" title="Music of North Macedonia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Slavic_mythology" title="Macedonian Slavic mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_North_Macedonia" title="National emblem of North Macedonia">National emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_North_Macedonia" title="National symbols of North Macedonia">National symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_North_Macedonia" title="Public holidays in North Macedonia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_North_Macedonia" title="List of radio stations in North Macedonia">Radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_North_Macedonia" title="Television in North Macedonia">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_North_Macedonia" title="List of World Heritage Sites in North Macedonia">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_North_Macedonia" title="Outline of North Macedonia">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:North_Macedonia" title="Category:North Macedonia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:North_Macedonia" title="Portal:North Macedonia">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> <span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&params=42_00_N_21_26_E_type:country_source:kolossus-eswiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°00′N</span> <span class="longitude">21°26′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.000°N 21.433°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.000; 21.433</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&oldid=1273808861">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia&oldid=1273808861</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Category:Socialist Republic of Macedonia">Socialist Republic of Macedonia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Communism_in_North_Macedonia" title="Category:Communism in North Macedonia">Communism in North 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