CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Simon Stern | University of Toronto - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="i0i2BlA-QjTE9YTzOMI0ijr9ixvHERU3prqVnPkwGJ7dvNL_Ps9aG58vAfQPySyxKXGiCQlMxujyTnDjoYYPGw" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-3d36c19b4875b226bfed0fcba1dcea3f2fe61148383d97c0465c016b8c969290.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-79e78ce59bef0a338eb6540ec3d93b4a7952115b56c57f1760943128f4544d42.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-95367dc03b794f6737f30123738a886cf53b7a65cdef98a922a98591d60063e3.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-bfbac2a470372e2f3a6661a65fa7ff0a0fbf7aa32534d9a831d683d2a6f9e01b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-170d1319f0e354621e81ca17054bb147da2856ec0702fe440a99af314a6338c5.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-2b6f90dbd75f5941bc38f4ad716615f3ac449e7398313bb3bc225fba451cd9fa.css" /> <meta name="author" content="simon stern" /> <meta name="description" content="http://www.law.utoronto.ca/faculty-staff/full-time-faculty/simon-stern Director, Combined Degree Program (JD/MA) in Law and English, University of Toronto (…" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'b092bf3a3df71cf13feee7c143e83a57eb6b94fb'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":14016,"monthly_visitors":"99 million","monthly_visitor_count":99567017,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":99,"user_count":283017897,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1739828808000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1739828808000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-40698df34f913bd208bb70f09d2feb7c6286046250be17a4db35bba2c08b0e2f.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-a22f75d8519394c21253dae46c8c5d60ad36ea68c7d494347ec64229d8c1cf85.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-5708a105dd66b4c7d0ef30b7c094b1048423f0042bd2a7b123f2d99ee3cf46d9.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern" /> </head>   <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-c0b60aedadfb9d46b698730fbbcb2e70645c886b405d825adeba3a031c02455d.js" defer="defer"></script><script>$viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34481/11310/10650/s65_simon.stern.jpg","has_photo":true,"department":{"id":23465,"name":"Faculty of Law","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/Departments/Faculty_of_Law/Documents","university":{"id":355,"name":"University of Toronto","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/"}},"position":"Faculty Member","position_id":1,"is_analytics_public":false,"interests":[{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":7721,"name":"Eighteenth-Century British History and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eighteenth-Century_British_History_and_Culture"},{"id":203124,"name":"History of the Common Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Common_Law"},{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property"},{"id":29113,"name":"Nineteenth-Century Literature and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nineteenth-Century_Literature_and_Culture"},{"id":135,"name":"Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History"},{"id":3723,"name":"History of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science"},{"id":1053,"name":"History of Ideas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Ideas"},{"id":3767,"name":"Law and Society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Society"},{"id":2340,"name":"Book History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_History"},{"id":2811,"name":"History of the Book","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Book"},{"id":535,"name":"Criminal Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Law-1"},{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":536,"name":"Criminal Procedure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Procedure"},{"id":9735,"name":"Intellectual History of the Renaissance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History_of_the_Renaissance"},{"id":11744,"name":"Restoration and Eighteenth-Century English Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Restoration_and_Eighteenth-Century_English_Literature"},{"id":7299,"name":"Victorian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Victorian_Literature"},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"},{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind"},{"id":821,"name":"Philosophy of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Science"},{"id":19776,"name":"Literature and Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_and_Law"},{"id":1285867,"name":"Law \u0026 Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature-20"},{"id":10562,"name":"Crime fiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crime_fiction"},{"id":14231,"name":"18th Century British Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/18th_Century_British_Literature"},{"id":26275,"name":"Law and Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Humanities"},{"id":19818,"name":"Narrative Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Theory"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":2396,"name":"Eighteenth-Century literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eighteenth-Century_literature"},{"id":107490,"name":"Common Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Common_Law"},{"id":56595,"name":"New Economic Criticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Economic_Criticism"},{"id":5513,"name":"Narratology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narratology"},{"id":928,"name":"Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies"},{"id":42987,"name":"Cognitive Poetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Poetics"},{"id":7888,"name":"Literary Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_Theory"},{"id":5528,"name":"Narrative theory (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_theory_Languages_And_Linguistics_"},{"id":2587,"name":"The Novel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Novel"},{"id":8153,"name":"Theory of the Novel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_of_the_Novel"}]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = [{"id":14519328,"link":"https://twitter.com/ArsScripta","name":"Twitter","link_domain":"twitter.com","icon":"//www.google.com/s2/u/0/favicons?domain=twitter.com"},{"id":17729390,"link":"https://scholar.google.ca/citations?user=Kc9rO28AAAAJ\u0026hl=en","name":"Google Scholar","link_domain":"scholar.google.ca","icon":"//www.google.com/s2/u/0/favicons?domain=scholar.google.ca"}]</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern","location":"/SimonStern","scheme":"https","host":"utoronto.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/SimonStern","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-db26f78c-d4b7-42f5-ba28-c01dbdfcb329"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-db26f78c-d4b7-42f5-ba28-c01dbdfcb329"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Simon Stern" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/34481/11310/10650/s200_simon.stern.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Simon Stern</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/">University of Toronto</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/Departments/Faculty_of_Law/Documents">Faculty of Law</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/">University of Toronto</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/Departments/English/Documents">English</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Simon" data-follow-user-id="34481" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="34481"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">792</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">844</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-author</p><p class="data">1</p></div></a><div class="js-mentions-count-container" style="display: none;"><a href="/SimonStern/mentions"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label">Mentions</p><p class="data"></p></div></a></div><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">http://www.law.utoronto.ca/faculty-staff/full-time-faculty/simon-stern <br /> <br />Director, Combined Degree Program (JD/MA) in Law and English, University of Toronto ( http://www.law.utoronto.ca/focus-area/law-and-literature ) <br /> <br />Advisory Board, International Society for the History and Theory of Intellectual Property ( http://www.ishtip.org/ )<br /><b>Address: </b>Faculty of Law<br />University of Toronto<br />84 Queens Park Crescent W.<br />Toronto, ON M5S 2C5<br />Canada<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><p class="ds2-5-body-md-bold">Related Authors</p></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/PatrickSODonnell"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Patrick S. O'Donnell" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2027075/668253/158298054/s200_patrick_s..o_donnell.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PatrickSODonnell">Patrick S. O'Donnell</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChristBirte"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Birte Christ" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/252702733/105914183/95118844/s200_birte.christ.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChristBirte">Birte Christ</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://bristol.academia.edu/FolukeIpinyomi"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Foluke Adebisi" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/741006/252722/1055031/s200_foluke.ipinyomi.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://bristol.academia.edu/FolukeIpinyomi">Foluke Adebisi</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">University of Bristol</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://griffith.academia.edu/KieranTranter"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Kieran Tranter" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/1215459/773109/12779700/s200_kieran.tranter.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://griffith.academia.edu/KieranTranter">Kieran Tranter</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Griffith University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://reed.academia.edu/MonicaLopezLerma"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Monica Lopez Lerma" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/460772/305292/18818760/s200_monica.lopez_lerma.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://reed.academia.edu/MonicaLopezLerma">Monica Lopez Lerma</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Reed College</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://kent.academia.edu/JoseBellido"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Jose Bellido" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/511728/3394237/90161339/s200_jose.bellido.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://kent.academia.edu/JoseBellido">Jose Bellido</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">University of Kent</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/SuneelMehmi"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Suneel Mehmi" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/12744130/5481875/50333968/s200_suneel.mehmi.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SuneelMehmi">Suneel Mehmi</a></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://iitd.academia.edu/naveenthayyil"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="naveen thayyil" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/234719/63328/69746/s200_naveen.thayyil.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://iitd.academia.edu/naveenthayyil">naveen thayyil</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Indian Institute of Technology Delhi</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://brown.academia.edu/DavidHollingshead"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="David Hollingshead" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/37009028/10539517/18461202/s200_david.hollingshead.jpeg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://brown.academia.edu/DavidHollingshead">David Hollingshead</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Brown University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AdamKirkSmith"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Adam Kirk-Smith" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" src="https://gravatar.com/avatar/3b8501bc702d52d415d0657f753e9e2f?s=200" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AdamKirkSmith">Adam Kirk-Smith</a></div></div></ul></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34481">View All (39)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34481" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern","location":"/SimonStern","scheme":"https","host":"utoronto.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/SimonStern","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Legal History"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-346ec2ba-b461-47b4-8fd9-b7738c9c367b"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-346ec2ba-b461-47b4-8fd9-b7738c9c367b"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34481" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Law and Literature"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-99d0d37f-62fb-4b50-a40e-6625d5681ef3"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-99d0d37f-62fb-4b50-a40e-6625d5681ef3"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34481" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eighteenth-Century_British_History_and_Culture"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Eighteenth-Century British History and Culture"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-743a80d4-0257-4463-8710-afbd76ba72cd"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-743a80d4-0257-4463-8710-afbd76ba72cd"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34481" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Common_Law"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["History of the Common Law"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-7b833f02-3a41-4b0e-9e55-3ba8cb998b07"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-7b833f02-3a41-4b0e-9e55-3ba8cb998b07"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34481" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Intellectual Property"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-d6b3f980-de34-416e-8510-453cbd4e93b1"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-d6b3f980-de34-416e-8510-453cbd4e93b1"></div> </a></div></div><div class="external-links-container"><ul class="profile-links new-profile js-UserInfo-social"><li class="profile-profiles js-social-profiles-container"><i class="fa fa-spin fa-spinner"></i></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="nav-container backbone-profile-documents-nav hidden-xs"><ul class="nav-tablist" role="tablist"><li class="nav-chip active" role="presentation"><a data-section-name="" data-toggle="tab" href="#all" role="tab">all</a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Books" data-toggle="tab" href="#books" role="tab" title="Books"><span>3</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Books</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Papers" data-toggle="tab" href="#papers" role="tab" title="Papers"><span>154</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Papers</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Faculty-web-site" data-toggle="tab" href="#facultywebsite" role="tab" title="Faculty web site"><span>1</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Faculty web site</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="divider ds-divider-16" style="margin: 0px;"></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Books" id="Books"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Books by Simon Stern</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127169482"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127169482/Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Law_and_Literature_With_List_of_Entries"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Preface to the Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature, With List of Entries" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120942880/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127169482/Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Law_and_Literature_With_List_of_Entries">Preface to the Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature, With List of Entries</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature</span><span>, 2025</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improba...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improbable interdisciplinary conjunctions. Obvious, because both disciplines depend fundamentally on words and stories, and on the problems they create, raising questions about interpretation, narrative, genre, style and rhetoric, allusion and citation. Improbable, because literature appears (to some) to exist for purposes of entertainment and imagination, whereas law must provide definite answers to concrete disputes, and (according to this critique) cannot indulge in speculation or ambivalence.<br />    The present volume takes an agnostic, not an antagonistic, position on whether law kills or literature cures, or whether such ascriptions or prescriptions are even meaningful. The volume is constructed on a foundation that proceeds from the view that the most productive interchanges do not arise from investigations of specific legal problems but from more open-ended inquiries into the various ways that legal and literary resources converge and diverge. Readers will find entries that confront vexed and vexing problems of law and its history: abolition, blackmail, civil rights, death penalty, despotism, forgery, hate speech, imperialism, incarceration, murder, obscenity, refuge/asylum, slavery, and treason, to name a few. We have also taken the ambit of the literary to encompass a wide range of media, rather than restricting it to canonical novels, plays, and poetry. Readers will find entries on comedy, tragedy, detective fiction, gothic fiction, novel, realism, satire, and science fiction, and also on other forms, fashions, and media—advertising, online fan fiction, music, television, the film industry, photography, theater, and visual literacy. Our aim has been to give a sense of the various imaginative forms that creative artists have used to explore legal concepts and methods, and that scholars have discussed when examining these relationships, while also providing suggestions as to future avenues of research.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="030450d95a1ffd8f1a55316a5e697342" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120942880,"asset_id":127169482,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120942880/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127169482"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127169482"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127169482; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127169482]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127169482]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127169482; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127169482']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "030450d95a1ffd8f1a55316a5e697342" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127169482]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127169482,"title":"Preface to the Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature, With List of Entries","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improbable interdisciplinary conjunctions. Obvious, because both disciplines depend fundamentally on words and stories, and on the problems they create, raising questions about interpretation, narrative, genre, style and rhetoric, allusion and citation. Improbable, because literature appears (to some) to exist for purposes of entertainment and imagination, whereas law must provide definite answers to concrete disputes, and (according to this critique) cannot indulge in speculation or ambivalence.\n The present volume takes an agnostic, not an antagonistic, position on whether law kills or literature cures, or whether such ascriptions or prescriptions are even meaningful. The volume is constructed on a foundation that proceeds from the view that the most productive interchanges do not arise from investigations of specific legal problems but from more open-ended inquiries into the various ways that legal and literary resources converge and diverge. Readers will find entries that confront vexed and vexing problems of law and its history: abolition, blackmail, civil rights, death penalty, despotism, forgery, hate speech, imperialism, incarceration, murder, obscenity, refuge/asylum, slavery, and treason, to name a few. We have also taken the ambit of the literary to encompass a wide range of media, rather than restricting it to canonical novels, plays, and poetry. Readers will find entries on comedy, tragedy, detective fiction, gothic fiction, novel, realism, satire, and science fiction, and also on other forms, fashions, and media—advertising, online fan fiction, music, television, the film industry, photography, theater, and visual literacy. Our aim has been to give a sense of the various imaginative forms that creative artists have used to explore legal concepts and methods, and that scholars have discussed when examining these relationships, while also providing suggestions as to future avenues of research.","grobid_abstract":"This is a pre-print version of the Preface for the volume; more information about the print volume may be found at: . e-elgar.com/shop/usd/elgar-concise-encyclopedia-of-lawand-literature-9781803925905.html Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improbable interdisciplinary conjunctions. Obvious, because both disciplines depend fundamentally on words and stories, and on the problems they create, raising questions about interpretation, narrative, genre, style and rhetoric, allusion and citation. Improbable, because literature appears (to some) to exist for purposes of entertainment and imagination, whereas law must provide definite answers to concrete disputes, and (according to this critique) cannot indulge in speculation or ambivalence. William Empson probed the tension between these divergent expectations when he wrote, 'Law makes long spokes of the short stakes of men.' 1 The grounded authority that seems to secure private rights in property is necessarily spun, by law's pleaders and glossators, into the 'long spokes' of creative theorizing to which the law so readily lends itself. Law cannot help but be speculative, because its apparent concreteness is itself a product of imagination. The promiscuously invoked phrase 'legal fiction' marks an inevitable pairing, perhaps a redundancy. To engage in law-whether for the short stakes of a litigation or across the long spokes of jurisprudential development-is to practice the art of fiction.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2025,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":120942880},"translated_abstract":"Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improbable interdisciplinary conjunctions. Obvious, because both disciplines depend fundamentally on words and stories, and on the problems they create, raising questions about interpretation, narrative, genre, style and rhetoric, allusion and citation. Improbable, because literature appears (to some) to exist for purposes of entertainment and imagination, whereas law must provide definite answers to concrete disputes, and (according to this critique) cannot indulge in speculation or ambivalence.\n The present volume takes an agnostic, not an antagonistic, position on whether law kills or literature cures, or whether such ascriptions or prescriptions are even meaningful. The volume is constructed on a foundation that proceeds from the view that the most productive interchanges do not arise from investigations of specific legal problems but from more open-ended inquiries into the various ways that legal and literary resources converge and diverge. Readers will find entries that confront vexed and vexing problems of law and its history: abolition, blackmail, civil rights, death penalty, despotism, forgery, hate speech, imperialism, incarceration, murder, obscenity, refuge/asylum, slavery, and treason, to name a few. We have also taken the ambit of the literary to encompass a wide range of media, rather than restricting it to canonical novels, plays, and poetry. Readers will find entries on comedy, tragedy, detective fiction, gothic fiction, novel, realism, satire, and science fiction, and also on other forms, fashions, and media—advertising, online fan fiction, music, television, the film industry, photography, theater, and visual literacy. Our aim has been to give a sense of the various imaginative forms that creative artists have used to explore legal concepts and methods, and that scholars have discussed when examining these relationships, while also providing suggestions as to future avenues of research.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127169482/Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Law_and_Literature_With_List_of_Entries","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2025-01-21T07:57:58.767-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":43000068,"work_id":127169482,"tagging_user_id":34481,"tagged_user_id":40770842,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***o@utulsa.edu","affiliation":"University of Tulsa","display_order":1,"name":"Robert Spoo","title":"Preface to the Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature, With List of Entries"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":120942880,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120942880/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Elgar_Preface_SSRN.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120942880/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/120942880/Elgar_Preface_SSRN-libre.pdf?1737478685=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPreface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedi.pdf\u0026Expires=1738614341\u0026Signature=KE3xoH-UpaZTjggWHRHy7o-I5lZKzizqV~83cssGnMBTpVaE4PuIW7CJkZyppSytMTYO02jBTuBvDB-TxaNe5UNB3NWtqheG-mbI3PrAOYkZnF0yswW-10wWZ5bsSzYJ-8PfexrDCcK7PsNb384sKeMqzKHaa-qdPi~zBzItS2kZjF84dlzWROERGnbjmlMjQI8Z8FZ~5SyvZzHGQkcmN8ngGRJdkZPeQGQuxEK7PvLqUwmbp9ZU6uDttDLo-ATK1P7QzuXk7P0ArHB7auFrr38M9Z-EjjX7lcAGYOxmDlX9JDGzSLpzePY~Xzu06TNTjoonx9iQzu5nZTA~vNhqWQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Law_and_Literature_With_List_of_Entries","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improbable interdisciplinary conjunctions. Obvious, because both disciplines depend fundamentally on words and stories, and on the problems they create, raising questions about interpretation, narrative, genre, style and rhetoric, allusion and citation. Improbable, because literature appears (to some) to exist for purposes of entertainment and imagination, whereas law must provide definite answers to concrete disputes, and (according to this critique) cannot indulge in speculation or ambivalence.\n The present volume takes an agnostic, not an antagonistic, position on whether law kills or literature cures, or whether such ascriptions or prescriptions are even meaningful. The volume is constructed on a foundation that proceeds from the view that the most productive interchanges do not arise from investigations of specific legal problems but from more open-ended inquiries into the various ways that legal and literary resources converge and diverge. Readers will find entries that confront vexed and vexing problems of law and its history: abolition, blackmail, civil rights, death penalty, despotism, forgery, hate speech, imperialism, incarceration, murder, obscenity, refuge/asylum, slavery, and treason, to name a few. We have also taken the ambit of the literary to encompass a wide range of media, rather than restricting it to canonical novels, plays, and poetry. Readers will find entries on comedy, tragedy, detective fiction, gothic fiction, novel, realism, satire, and science fiction, and also on other forms, fashions, and media—advertising, online fan fiction, music, television, the film industry, photography, theater, and visual literacy. Our aim has been to give a sense of the various imaginative forms that creative artists have used to explore legal concepts and methods, and that scholars have discussed when examining these relationships, while also providing suggestions as to future avenues of research.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":120942880,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120942880/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Elgar_Preface_SSRN.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120942880/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/120942880/Elgar_Preface_SSRN-libre.pdf?1737478685=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPreface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedi.pdf\u0026Expires=1738614341\u0026Signature=KE3xoH-UpaZTjggWHRHy7o-I5lZKzizqV~83cssGnMBTpVaE4PuIW7CJkZyppSytMTYO02jBTuBvDB-TxaNe5UNB3NWtqheG-mbI3PrAOYkZnF0yswW-10wWZ5bsSzYJ-8PfexrDCcK7PsNb384sKeMqzKHaa-qdPi~zBzItS2kZjF84dlzWROERGnbjmlMjQI8Z8FZ~5SyvZzHGQkcmN8ngGRJdkZPeQGQuxEK7PvLqUwmbp9ZU6uDttDLo-ATK1P7QzuXk7P0ArHB7auFrr38M9Z-EjjX7lcAGYOxmDlX9JDGzSLpzePY~Xzu06TNTjoonx9iQzu5nZTA~vNhqWQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":885,"name":"English Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Literature"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":7888,"name":"Literary Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_Theory"},{"id":19776,"name":"Literature and Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_and_Law"},{"id":20487,"name":"Literary History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_History"},{"id":26275,"name":"Law and Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Humanities"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="40365837"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/40365837/The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanities_ed_Simon_Stern_Maksymilian_Del_Mar_and_Bernadette_Meyler"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities, ed Simon Stern, Maksymilian Del Mar, and Bernadette Meyler" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60612973/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/40365837/The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanities_ed_Simon_Stern_Maksymilian_Del_Mar_and_Bernadette_Meyler">The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities, ed Simon Stern, Maksymilian Del Mar, and Bernadette Meyler</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern">Simon Stern</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://warwick.academia.edu/ValerieHayaert">Valerie Hayaert</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities :: https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-oxford-handbook-of-law-and-humanities-9780190695620?cc=ca&lang=en&#</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">How does materiality matter to legal scholarship? What can affect studies offer to legal scholars...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">How does materiality matter to legal scholarship? What can affect studies offer to legal scholars? What are the connections among visual studies, art history, and the knowledge and experience of law? What can the disciplines of book history, digital humanities, performance studies, disability studies, and post-colonial studies contribute to contemporary and historical understandings of law? These are only some of the important questions addressed in this wide-ranging collection of law and humanities scholarship.<br /><br />Collecting 45 new essays by leading international scholars, The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities showcases the work of law and humanities across disciplines, addressing methods, concepts and themes, genres, and areas of the law. The essays explore under-researched domains such as comics, videos, police files, form contracts, and paratexts, and shed new light on traditional topics, such as free speech, intellectual property, international law, indigenous peoples, immigration, evidence, and human rights. The Handbook provides an exciting new agenda for scholarship in law and humanities, and will be essential reading for anyone interested in the intersections of law and humanistic inquiry.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6154a6d13e6fd170a12731eb30313a9f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":60612973,"asset_id":40365837,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60612973/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40365837"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40365837"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40365837; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40365837]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40365837]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40365837; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40365837']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6154a6d13e6fd170a12731eb30313a9f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40365837]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40365837,"title":"The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities, ed Simon Stern, Maksymilian Del Mar, and Bernadette Meyler","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40365837/The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanities_ed_Simon_Stern_Maksymilian_Del_Mar_and_Bernadette_Meyler","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern","email":"S01heFJ6dHRmUTlCQUFGUVhHbDJrbFRodWl5enlnZVplblNQdnhaSmZtaEFwRkJjbTJTTG04c3ZQaWxvTmNndy0tL0dwckFodlF1SDQ1V3ZiRm5hTXhhZz09--6f7ab7b902fc782ea2f7c2dcea214873dec6a0c3"},"attachments":[{"id":60612973,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60612973/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanities_cover_page_and_TOC20190916-35578-1gwq5tz.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60612973/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanitie.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/60612973/Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanities_cover_page_and_TOC20190916-35578-1gwq5tz-libre.pdf?1568648183=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanitie.pdf\u0026Expires=1739785467\u0026Signature=FHCRuJDB4nMwIdkmuZLcgCMkkXI~4BZVhjafpL4dfrMMIb9JMrLqs3Dg6~RWEmpsVvlPTr96eGDjFEKua8RRoS5~oPadQOojG1PtmbjQldO5WRTq7t1nidQzvLWTX7yyaQAXGb3yIthTvmb5ljFj6xwh~14Pk2OD6JzAWbbnWMMPr7fxEBONPdvC2sMjPHn7dUnStucEgSWWMZRBmyz6qq7Qx3D8jvX1k3UxquDpfZmr51gYL06wDHLxgbQYO73StkwpX2bw3wL0ikm8DzpkCSZa7ZPkSiZwI7wzjHT6yjin9h~cXIsb~VoWcZIHgBFVPWypPLOwu~PhqOXTgSK-kg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="32719251"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/32719251/The_Oxford_Edition_of_Blackstones_Commentaries_on_the_Laws_of_England_Book_II_Of_the_Rights_of_Things"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Oxford Edition of Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England: Book II: Of the Rights of Things" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/32719251/The_Oxford_Edition_of_Blackstones_Commentaries_on_the_Laws_of_England_Book_II_Of_the_Rights_of_Things">The Oxford Edition of Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England: Book II: Of the Rights of Things</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Oxford's variorum edition of William Blackstone's seminal treatise on the common law of England a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Oxford's variorum edition of William Blackstone's seminal treatise on the common law of England and Wales offers the definitive account of the Commentaries' development in a modern format.  Property law is the subject of Book II, the second and longest volume of Blackstone's Commentaries. His lucid exposition covers feudalism and its history, real estate and the forms of tenure that a land-owner may have, and personal property, including the new kinds of intangible property that were developing in Blackstone's era, such as negotiable instruments and intellectual property.<br /><br />An excerpt from the introduction to Book Two is available at: <a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2703542" rel="nofollow">https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2703542</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="32719251"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32719251"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32719251; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32719251]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32719251]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32719251; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='32719251']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=32719251]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":32719251,"title":"The Oxford Edition of Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England: Book II: Of the Rights of Things","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/32719251/The_Oxford_Edition_of_Blackstones_Commentaries_on_the_Laws_of_England_Book_II_Of_the_Rights_of_Things","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Simon Stern</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845406"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845406/Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Law, Literature, and The Legal Imagination" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184665/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845406/Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination">Law, Literature, and The Legal Imagination</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities </span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Law and literature occupies an unusual place among the interdisciplines in the legal academy. Va...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Law and literature occupies an unusual place among the interdisciplines <br />in the legal academy. Various interdisciplinary conjunctions have found a home on law faculties over the last half-century or so, such as law and economics, law and sociology, and law and psychology, more recently supplemented by law and neuroscience. Most law professors could summarize the aims of scholarship fairly accurately in these areas. Law<br />and literature has had a place in the legal academy for about the same<br />amount of time, and yet those who do not read current scholarship in this field tend to have a vague or even misinformed understanding of what the work entails. Having outlasted the many predictions of its demise, the field nevertheless suffers from a strange kind of identity crisis—not because of anxieties or doubts among those who write in this area, but because of confident but misguided accounts that others would offer when describing the field.<br />This article seeks to explain why this particular disciplinary conjunction differs from others that thrive on law faculties. The first part of the discussion takes its point of departure from James Boyd White’s The Legal Imagination. I offer a few observations about White’s book in relation to the field of law and literature, and as the subject of a symposium like the one being hosted in these pages. My point in this first part is a simple one, namely that very few books by law professors have achieved a status that makes them appropriate for such an anniversary symposium, and most of them have been interdisciplinary in a way that makes them resemble the kind of humanities scholarship that more typically receives this kind of attention.<br />The second part of the essay considers the trajectory of law and literature<br />as a field over the last forty-some years. Here the discussion contrasts the<br />state of the field as evidenced by work in flagship U.S. law journals, by<br />contrast with other scholarly work published elsewhere. The point again is a simple one, namely that if one were to look only at flagship U.S. law journals, the field might appear to be in a state of decline, whereas if one looks more widely, the field is flourishing and expanding. If the field looks different, depending on this schematic division of publication venues, the contrast hints at diverging views about literature, legal scholarship, and<br />their aims. Those views have some bearing on the status of law and<br />literature in relation to other legal interdisciplines, such as the ones<br />mentioned at the outset.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0294dc980f4a7b4f88ea690903fcd239" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184665,"asset_id":123845406,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184665/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845406"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845406"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845406; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845406]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845406]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845406; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845406']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0294dc980f4a7b4f88ea690903fcd239" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845406]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845406,"title":"Law, Literature, and The Legal Imagination","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Law and literature occupies an unusual place among the interdisciplines \nin the legal academy. Various interdisciplinary conjunctions have found a home on law faculties over the last half-century or so, such as law and economics, law and sociology, and law and psychology, more recently supplemented by law and neuroscience. Most law professors could summarize the aims of scholarship fairly accurately in these areas. Law\nand literature has had a place in the legal academy for about the same\namount of time, and yet those who do not read current scholarship in this field tend to have a vague or even misinformed understanding of what the work entails. Having outlasted the many predictions of its demise, the field nevertheless suffers from a strange kind of identity crisis—not because of anxieties or doubts among those who write in this area, but because of confident but misguided accounts that others would offer when describing the field.\nThis article seeks to explain why this particular disciplinary conjunction differs from others that thrive on law faculties. The first part of the discussion takes its point of departure from James Boyd White’s The Legal Imagination. I offer a few observations about White’s book in relation to the field of law and literature, and as the subject of a symposium like the one being hosted in these pages. My point in this first part is a simple one, namely that very few books by law professors have achieved a status that makes them appropriate for such an anniversary symposium, and most of them have been interdisciplinary in a way that makes them resemble the kind of humanities scholarship that more typically receives this kind of attention.\nThe second part of the essay considers the trajectory of law and literature\nas a field over the last forty-some years. Here the discussion contrasts the\nstate of the field as evidenced by work in flagship U.S. law journals, by\ncontrast with other scholarly work published elsewhere. The point again is a simple one, namely that if one were to look only at flagship U.S. law journals, the field might appear to be in a state of decline, whereas if one looks more widely, the field is flourishing and expanding. If the field looks different, depending on this schematic division of publication venues, the contrast hints at diverging views about literature, legal scholarship, and\ntheir aims. Those views have some bearing on the status of law and\nliterature in relation to other legal interdisciplines, such as the ones\nmentioned at the outset.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2024,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Yale Journal of Law \u0026 the Humanities "},"translated_abstract":"Law and literature occupies an unusual place among the interdisciplines \nin the legal academy. Various interdisciplinary conjunctions have found a home on law faculties over the last half-century or so, such as law and economics, law and sociology, and law and psychology, more recently supplemented by law and neuroscience. Most law professors could summarize the aims of scholarship fairly accurately in these areas. Law\nand literature has had a place in the legal academy for about the same\namount of time, and yet those who do not read current scholarship in this field tend to have a vague or even misinformed understanding of what the work entails. Having outlasted the many predictions of its demise, the field nevertheless suffers from a strange kind of identity crisis—not because of anxieties or doubts among those who write in this area, but because of confident but misguided accounts that others would offer when describing the field.\nThis article seeks to explain why this particular disciplinary conjunction differs from others that thrive on law faculties. The first part of the discussion takes its point of departure from James Boyd White’s The Legal Imagination. I offer a few observations about White’s book in relation to the field of law and literature, and as the subject of a symposium like the one being hosted in these pages. My point in this first part is a simple one, namely that very few books by law professors have achieved a status that makes them appropriate for such an anniversary symposium, and most of them have been interdisciplinary in a way that makes them resemble the kind of humanities scholarship that more typically receives this kind of attention.\nThe second part of the essay considers the trajectory of law and literature\nas a field over the last forty-some years. Here the discussion contrasts the\nstate of the field as evidenced by work in flagship U.S. law journals, by\ncontrast with other scholarly work published elsewhere. The point again is a simple one, namely that if one were to look only at flagship U.S. law journals, the field might appear to be in a state of decline, whereas if one looks more widely, the field is flourishing and expanding. If the field looks different, depending on this schematic division of publication venues, the contrast hints at diverging views about literature, legal scholarship, and\ntheir aims. Those views have some bearing on the status of law and\nliterature in relation to other legal interdisciplines, such as the ones\nmentioned at the outset.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845406/Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:04:59.012-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184665,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184665/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2024_Law_Lit_LI.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184665/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184665/2024_Law_Lit_LI-libre.pdf?1726244485=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLaw_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=X2OhPLRmvNF3-h3RafHysosM9QNvDFLsk40jGEUG47kZlZfMJV0MydqQsm3ZbwebOoioNBh15V0xOp~zw-d7~JPoplomvya~sET4IxCDYdgPstFPzDjOZIJn77chq~zvebhTjeW6ZtW1OsJduK1okbstkkB9DzPARUkCHXBQj~w-244~9PDiCoCDaiVVVeAaWWVpUtdomVElHrGFliLfrM1-WyjdveHiq-aNX9hzCzumV1cOI3-2ZfZRyKUimBGFcC~RLVPni6Iw4XxjZiPn9wQql-PrKBdHPG08bsL3iCVTEvRb~29jasuQCDGt7GLSwcLlzdfQKj90c1OoqvsmzA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Law and literature occupies an unusual place among the interdisciplines \nin the legal academy. Various interdisciplinary conjunctions have found a home on law faculties over the last half-century or so, such as law and economics, law and sociology, and law and psychology, more recently supplemented by law and neuroscience. Most law professors could summarize the aims of scholarship fairly accurately in these areas. Law\nand literature has had a place in the legal academy for about the same\namount of time, and yet those who do not read current scholarship in this field tend to have a vague or even misinformed understanding of what the work entails. Having outlasted the many predictions of its demise, the field nevertheless suffers from a strange kind of identity crisis—not because of anxieties or doubts among those who write in this area, but because of confident but misguided accounts that others would offer when describing the field.\nThis article seeks to explain why this particular disciplinary conjunction differs from others that thrive on law faculties. The first part of the discussion takes its point of departure from James Boyd White’s The Legal Imagination. I offer a few observations about White’s book in relation to the field of law and literature, and as the subject of a symposium like the one being hosted in these pages. My point in this first part is a simple one, namely that very few books by law professors have achieved a status that makes them appropriate for such an anniversary symposium, and most of them have been interdisciplinary in a way that makes them resemble the kind of humanities scholarship that more typically receives this kind of attention.\nThe second part of the essay considers the trajectory of law and literature\nas a field over the last forty-some years. Here the discussion contrasts the\nstate of the field as evidenced by work in flagship U.S. law journals, by\ncontrast with other scholarly work published elsewhere. The point again is a simple one, namely that if one were to look only at flagship U.S. law journals, the field might appear to be in a state of decline, whereas if one looks more widely, the field is flourishing and expanding. If the field looks different, depending on this schematic division of publication venues, the contrast hints at diverging views about literature, legal scholarship, and\ntheir aims. Those views have some bearing on the status of law and\nliterature in relation to other legal interdisciplines, such as the ones\nmentioned at the outset.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184665,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184665/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2024_Law_Lit_LI.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184665/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184665/2024_Law_Lit_LI-libre.pdf?1726244485=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLaw_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=X2OhPLRmvNF3-h3RafHysosM9QNvDFLsk40jGEUG47kZlZfMJV0MydqQsm3ZbwebOoioNBh15V0xOp~zw-d7~JPoplomvya~sET4IxCDYdgPstFPzDjOZIJn77chq~zvebhTjeW6ZtW1OsJduK1okbstkkB9DzPARUkCHXBQj~w-244~9PDiCoCDaiVVVeAaWWVpUtdomVElHrGFliLfrM1-WyjdveHiq-aNX9hzCzumV1cOI3-2ZfZRyKUimBGFcC~RLVPni6Iw4XxjZiPn9wQql-PrKBdHPG08bsL3iCVTEvRb~29jasuQCDGt7GLSwcLlzdfQKj90c1OoqvsmzA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":542,"name":"Jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudence"},{"id":1060,"name":"Legal Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Education"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":19776,"name":"Literature and Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_and_Law"},{"id":20715,"name":"Legal Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Philosophy"},{"id":26275,"name":"Law and Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Humanities"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845384"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845384/The_Medical_Model_and_Early_Gay_and_Lesbian_Writing"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Medical Model and Early Gay and Lesbian Writing" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845384/The_Medical_Model_and_Early_Gay_and_Lesbian_Writing">The Medical Model and Early Gay and Lesbian Writing</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Research on the history of sexuality has been profoundly influenced by the idea that sexual behav...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Research on the history of sexuality has been profoundly influenced by the idea that sexual behavior, especially in forms that differ from what Henry Abelove labels “sexual intercourse so-called,” came to be construed in medical terms during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. If we seek out representations of queer figures in the U.S. during this era, the effects of medicalization are not hard to discern; nevertheless, the medical framework had a less pervasive influence than this historical research might suggest. Insofar as these works served as vehicles for the spread of medical knowledge, new scientific conceptions of sexuality seem to have circulated haltingly and unevenly—when writers registered them at all. Queer-inflected writing in the U.S. between the 1880s and the 1930s features a varied cast of characters, ranging from winsome youths who fall under the spell of an older, trollish brute; to tortured souls striving to understand themselves and to be understood by others; to enigmatic figures who charm and fascinate everyone around them without offering much in return; to fey, frantic queens who’ll do anything for a laugh. Many of these characters might be taken as expressions of a queer, and even specifically homosexual, identity—but they often bear few if any signs of medicalization unless we contend that all identity-based conceptions of sexuality are necessarily rooted in a medical framework. What does the concept of medicalization contribute, such that it helps to make sense of these works?</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845384"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845384"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845384; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845384]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845384]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845384; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845384']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845384]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845384,"title":"The Medical Model and Early Gay and Lesbian Writing","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845384/The_Medical_Model_and_Early_Gay_and_Lesbian_Writing","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845383"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845383/Oroonoko"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Oroonoko" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845383/Oroonoko">Oroonoko</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of African Historical Studies</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845383"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845383"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845383; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845383]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845383]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845383; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845383']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845383]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845383,"title":"Oroonoko","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Boston University","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2000,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"International Journal of African Historical Studies"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845383/Oroonoko","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:29.265-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Oroonoko","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies"}],"urls":[{"id":44648752,"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/220724"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845382"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845382/Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_Century_England"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Creating a Public Domain in Eighteenth-Century England" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184652/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845382/Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_Century_England">Creating a Public Domain in Eighteenth-Century England</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Oxford University Press eBooks</span><span>, Aug 6, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">While plagiarism and imitation have long been familiar topics of literary study, the legal issues...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">While plagiarism and imitation have long been familiar topics of literary study, the legal issues surrounding these practices have not. The self-reflexive turn that has prompted literary scholars to study the emergence of their own discipline-along with related questions such as the assignment of aesthetics to a distinctive sphere, the processes of canon-formation, and the professionalization of authorship-has also spawned a significant amount of research on the interaction between copyright law and the production and circulation of literature. 1 These developments have been compounded by a broader interest in the cross-fertilization between law and literature. As questions about legal modes of reasoning and analysis have become more prominent in literary studies, there has also been a shift in the discussion of topics such as censorship, still an important focus of research on the legal regulation of literature, but now more likely to be studied in connection with other types of regulation such as copyright and libel. 2 In consequence, literary scholarship in this area now tends to engage with the various legal arenas in which these issues arise, and to delve into the logic of particular legal decisions, so that law's dynamism forms a counterpart to a mobile literary field, rather than serving as a stable 1 Prior to this spate of research, the most recent book-length study of literary professionalism in eighteenth-century</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="16990a73da76d0b997fdfdbb5b5b58aa" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184652,"asset_id":123845382,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184652/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845382"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845382"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845382; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845382]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845382]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845382; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845382']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "16990a73da76d0b997fdfdbb5b5b58aa" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845382]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845382,"title":"Creating a Public Domain in Eighteenth-Century England","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","grobid_abstract":"While plagiarism and imitation have long been familiar topics of literary study, the legal issues surrounding these practices have not. The self-reflexive turn that has prompted literary scholars to study the emergence of their own discipline-along with related questions such as the assignment of aesthetics to a distinctive sphere, the processes of canon-formation, and the professionalization of authorship-has also spawned a significant amount of research on the interaction between copyright law and the production and circulation of literature. 1 These developments have been compounded by a broader interest in the cross-fertilization between law and literature. As questions about legal modes of reasoning and analysis have become more prominent in literary studies, there has also been a shift in the discussion of topics such as censorship, still an important focus of research on the legal regulation of literature, but now more likely to be studied in connection with other types of regulation such as copyright and libel. 2 In consequence, literary scholarship in this area now tends to engage with the various legal arenas in which these issues arise, and to delve into the logic of particular legal decisions, so that law's dynamism forms a counterpart to a mobile literary field, rather than serving as a stable 1 Prior to this spate of research, the most recent book-length study of literary professionalism in eighteenth-century","publication_date":{"day":6,"month":8,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184652},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845382/Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_Century_England","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:29.071-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184652,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184652/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2015_20-_20Creating_20a_20Public_20Domain_20in_2018C_20England.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184652/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184652/2015_20-_20Creating_20a_20Public_20Domain_20in_2018C_20England-libre.pdf?1726244487=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCreating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=fX9zxGvTg7YUJFypDpppU3E6IFJ3gfj0a9BWfn7~twtSa4xOy59nZlJzT-H0NLGZsuqZKn9uXzEJRG0YFs3HxsU9sCboz8o39bfHIMRd1xVmSaz8vWbW78THmNdb-Ob2U1Hd0vNIWlJusnYTbsbihS~UOVAtRsgFtqkN6V3YS2VYenwpMSNzMnMhLiBFCGYRfeOVKmmsIWlIq0rW~Zr9zKc1hIN6nCMDQIZlaYJfTacj23bN0fbXTN6kkmKA324prEAhDt9kNgK83pd1rAqE3FF9cDz8CaCRQrkDFKj~T8ulRnhJxF-L5sz97L~JwjfIpbUF9COvvKfEpbDvDP0Zvg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_Century_England","translated_slug":"","page_count":22,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"While plagiarism and imitation have long been familiar topics of literary study, the legal issues surrounding these practices have not. The self-reflexive turn that has prompted literary scholars to study the emergence of their own discipline-along with related questions such as the assignment of aesthetics to a distinctive sphere, the processes of canon-formation, and the professionalization of authorship-has also spawned a significant amount of research on the interaction between copyright law and the production and circulation of literature. 1 These developments have been compounded by a broader interest in the cross-fertilization between law and literature. As questions about legal modes of reasoning and analysis have become more prominent in literary studies, there has also been a shift in the discussion of topics such as censorship, still an important focus of research on the legal regulation of literature, but now more likely to be studied in connection with other types of regulation such as copyright and libel. 2 In consequence, literary scholarship in this area now tends to engage with the various legal arenas in which these issues arise, and to delve into the logic of particular legal decisions, so that law's dynamism forms a counterpart to a mobile literary field, rather than serving as a stable 1 Prior to this spate of research, the most recent book-length study of literary professionalism in eighteenth-century","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184652,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184652/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2015_20-_20Creating_20a_20Public_20Domain_20in_2018C_20England.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184652/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184652/2015_20-_20Creating_20a_20Public_20Domain_20in_2018C_20England-libre.pdf?1726244487=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCreating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=fX9zxGvTg7YUJFypDpppU3E6IFJ3gfj0a9BWfn7~twtSa4xOy59nZlJzT-H0NLGZsuqZKn9uXzEJRG0YFs3HxsU9sCboz8o39bfHIMRd1xVmSaz8vWbW78THmNdb-Ob2U1Hd0vNIWlJusnYTbsbihS~UOVAtRsgFtqkN6V3YS2VYenwpMSNzMnMhLiBFCGYRfeOVKmmsIWlIq0rW~Zr9zKc1hIN6nCMDQIZlaYJfTacj23bN0fbXTN6kkmKA324prEAhDt9kNgK83pd1rAqE3FF9cDz8CaCRQrkDFKj~T8ulRnhJxF-L5sz97L~JwjfIpbUF9COvvKfEpbDvDP0Zvg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":6323,"name":"Public Domain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Domain"}],"urls":[{"id":44648751,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935338.013.39"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845381"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845381/Literary_Analysis_of_Law"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Literary Analysis of Law" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184655/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845381/Literary_Analysis_of_Law">Literary Analysis of Law</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Oxford University Press eBooks</span><span>, Sep 10, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a pre-edit, pre-proof draft of a chapter that will appear in Markus Dubber & Christopher ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is a pre-edit, pre-proof draft of a chapter that will appear in Markus Dubber & Christopher Tomlins, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Historical Legal Research Legal historians often turn to literary examples to show how doctrines, practices, or institutions were perceived at a certain a time. Imaginative works sometimes serve as representative illustrations of legal phenomena, sometimes as alternatives to dominant legal ideas or assumptions (voicing dissent or presenting figures and perspectives that escape the law's comprehension), sometimes as evidence for the dissemination of legal thought or folk wisdom about the law, and sometimes as a kind of parallel formation that uses, or reflects on, legal methods and modes of explanation, even if the work does not expressly address legal issues. 1 Recent scholarship continues to use all of these methods, but there has been a shift towards the last two approaches over the last ten or twenty years, and this chapter will suggest ways of pursuing each. 1 Although the discussion here focuses on imaginative writing, the same can be said of film. I use "imaginative writing" and "literature" interchangeably in this discussion, in part to avoid creating the impression that research on law and literature should be concerned only with literary classics. 2 For an excellent introduction to such questions, see John Mullan, How Novels Work (2008). 3 Dickerson v. United States, 530 US 428, 443 (2000).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="306a7caa1ae79fad7757a8060a76713e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184655,"asset_id":123845381,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184655/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845381"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845381"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845381; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845381]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845381]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845381; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845381']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "306a7caa1ae79fad7757a8060a76713e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845381]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845381,"title":"Literary Analysis of Law","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","grobid_abstract":"This is a pre-edit, pre-proof draft of a chapter that will appear in Markus Dubber \u0026 Christopher Tomlins, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Historical Legal Research Legal historians often turn to literary examples to show how doctrines, practices, or institutions were perceived at a certain a time. Imaginative works sometimes serve as representative illustrations of legal phenomena, sometimes as alternatives to dominant legal ideas or assumptions (voicing dissent or presenting figures and perspectives that escape the law's comprehension), sometimes as evidence for the dissemination of legal thought or folk wisdom about the law, and sometimes as a kind of parallel formation that uses, or reflects on, legal methods and modes of explanation, even if the work does not expressly address legal issues. 1 Recent scholarship continues to use all of these methods, but there has been a shift towards the last two approaches over the last ten or twenty years, and this chapter will suggest ways of pursuing each. 1 Although the discussion here focuses on imaginative writing, the same can be said of film. I use \"imaginative writing\" and \"literature\" interchangeably in this discussion, in part to avoid creating the impression that research on law and literature should be concerned only with literary classics. 2 For an excellent introduction to such questions, see John Mullan, How Novels Work (2008). 3 Dickerson v. United States, 530 US 428, 443 (2000).","publication_date":{"day":10,"month":9,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184655},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845381/Literary_Analysis_of_Law","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:28.866-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184655,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184655/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OHHLRR_20-_20Literary_20Analysis_20of_20Law_20-_20SSRN.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184655/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Literary_Analysis_of_Law.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184655/OHHLRR_20-_20Literary_20Analysis_20of_20Law_20-_20SSRN-libre.pdf?1726244485=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLiterary_Analysis_of_Law.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=J-UMBLJ9m4fGxMeOUlXU~JYs-RkcWCYZ8j7u1XSMQXUq64wsMAsJb9Y3qVugaqJWWhMl-s-tlaX8uXXL0uA0yGLCCj77iPOjQEjNU-BV4FgvJ6tsiR4oEyb8Ik~kfO3EJqy-guDpxY5wgwNlnIdhjvzhvLhPjxg18xmaZEKMH6un075~gsgzTjlrmerKmq6Bvt~mm4O2GzrCE8F0xlCdwrkiBY2wcKlKuIhNjZ5tbAAs9Jb4vkLT~yPIZSaa0J4Mo4l4AZRR4feaNTF~o~BFyebMl4F~OhK4YIXzwqfmYdXCpOoW~cxPD~ghtBinVAbvkiHE~PE82TYdIGMEO5S4Zg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Literary_Analysis_of_Law","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This is a pre-edit, pre-proof draft of a chapter that will appear in Markus Dubber \u0026 Christopher Tomlins, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Historical Legal Research Legal historians often turn to literary examples to show how doctrines, practices, or institutions were perceived at a certain a time. Imaginative works sometimes serve as representative illustrations of legal phenomena, sometimes as alternatives to dominant legal ideas or assumptions (voicing dissent or presenting figures and perspectives that escape the law's comprehension), sometimes as evidence for the dissemination of legal thought or folk wisdom about the law, and sometimes as a kind of parallel formation that uses, or reflects on, legal methods and modes of explanation, even if the work does not expressly address legal issues. 1 Recent scholarship continues to use all of these methods, but there has been a shift towards the last two approaches over the last ten or twenty years, and this chapter will suggest ways of pursuing each. 1 Although the discussion here focuses on imaginative writing, the same can be said of film. I use \"imaginative writing\" and \"literature\" interchangeably in this discussion, in part to avoid creating the impression that research on law and literature should be concerned only with literary classics. 2 For an excellent introduction to such questions, see John Mullan, How Novels Work (2008). 3 Dickerson v. United States, 530 US 428, 443 (2000).","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184655,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184655/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OHHLRR_20-_20Literary_20Analysis_20of_20Law_20-_20SSRN.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184655/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Literary_Analysis_of_Law.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184655/OHHLRR_20-_20Literary_20Analysis_20of_20Law_20-_20SSRN-libre.pdf?1726244485=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLiterary_Analysis_of_Law.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=J-UMBLJ9m4fGxMeOUlXU~JYs-RkcWCYZ8j7u1XSMQXUq64wsMAsJb9Y3qVugaqJWWhMl-s-tlaX8uXXL0uA0yGLCCj77iPOjQEjNU-BV4FgvJ6tsiR4oEyb8Ik~kfO3EJqy-guDpxY5wgwNlnIdhjvzhvLhPjxg18xmaZEKMH6un075~gsgzTjlrmerKmq6Bvt~mm4O2GzrCE8F0xlCdwrkiBY2wcKlKuIhNjZ5tbAAs9Jb4vkLT~yPIZSaa0J4Mo4l4AZRR4feaNTF~o~BFyebMl4F~OhK4YIXzwqfmYdXCpOoW~cxPD~ghtBinVAbvkiHE~PE82TYdIGMEO5S4Zg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":12609,"name":"Legal Realism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Realism"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":102730,"name":"Dissent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dissent"},{"id":231945,"name":"Scholarship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scholarship"},{"id":645578,"name":"Sedition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedition"},{"id":1763882,"name":"Representation Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representation_Politics"}],"urls":[{"id":44648750,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198794356.013.5"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845380"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845380/Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_and_the_Epistemology_of_the_String_Cite"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Margins of Authority: Coke's Institutes and the Epistemology of the String Cite" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184656/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845380/Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_and_the_Epistemology_of_the_String_Cite">Margins of Authority: Coke's Institutes and the Epistemology of the String Cite</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Precedential authority has an important place in doctrinal explication and analysis in Anglo-Amer...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Precedential authority has an important place in doctrinal explication and analysis in Anglo-American law. Efforts to manage these precedents visually, in sixteenth-and seventeenth-century England, display a variety of solutions to the question of where precedents belong and how to represent them. Sir Edward Coke's approach, in his Institutes (1628-44), was to place the citations in the margin; this way of managing textual authority connected legal concepts in a way that lent new significance to the citations. The discussion examines this development by considering it in relation to the introduction of perspective in visual art, in the early fifteenth century, and the use of infinitesimals in the new mathematics of the early seventeenth century.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d120b8073818d64cee99176e2a2e0968" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184656,"asset_id":123845380,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184656/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845380"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845380"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845380; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845380]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845380]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845380; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845380']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d120b8073818d64cee99176e2a2e0968" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845380]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845380,"title":"Margins of Authority: Coke's Institutes and the Epistemology of the String Cite","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Social Science Electronic Publishing","grobid_abstract":"Precedential authority has an important place in doctrinal explication and analysis in Anglo-American law. Efforts to manage these precedents visually, in sixteenth-and seventeenth-century England, display a variety of solutions to the question of where precedents belong and how to represent them. Sir Edward Coke's approach, in his Institutes (1628-44), was to place the citations in the margin; this way of managing textual authority connected legal concepts in a way that lent new significance to the citations. The discussion examines this development by considering it in relation to the introduction of perspective in visual art, in the early fifteenth century, and the use of infinitesimals in the new mathematics of the early seventeenth century.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Social Science Research Network","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184656},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845380/Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_and_the_Epistemology_of_the_String_Cite","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:28.645-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184656,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184656/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Margins_20of_20authority.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184656/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184656/Margins_20of_20authority-libre.pdf?1726244481=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMargins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=RkQZ96-1YW-dPcFeatjUsyIFjBL6i10YOMozfm~uAOHIrKjXtitDgfVTQw0v1h-ZWD3G8naZzqDsjjH9Wmhd00AA8bSTniIEFHv1NZJC7DP8~ofrvm0Q3FDnbLgSLNDGGFLgaRz1JfHr7MCeSsxEtpsxf0jDjKz1x6mOlBNoFu3Y~DV44cIhglLjYEHGYo9SwM1ae5Idr-3uIH3Mb3DKJJMawDer71-QfUS10ymthu~fYZWxKCSNTafdLbpPj~vcp0M-fuzrEWjZmi-SyL5ajQD8~uOhLBfnwJQvODEUTlUECpxySJVh7yNBiMBtdeL7bWLLGcZF2zZXLQnD67yDoQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_and_the_Epistemology_of_the_String_Cite","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Precedential authority has an important place in doctrinal explication and analysis in Anglo-American law. Efforts to manage these precedents visually, in sixteenth-and seventeenth-century England, display a variety of solutions to the question of where precedents belong and how to represent them. Sir Edward Coke's approach, in his Institutes (1628-44), was to place the citations in the margin; this way of managing textual authority connected legal concepts in a way that lent new significance to the citations. The discussion examines this development by considering it in relation to the introduction of perspective in visual art, in the early fifteenth century, and the use of infinitesimals in the new mathematics of the early seventeenth century.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184656,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184656/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Margins_20of_20authority.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184656/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184656/Margins_20of_20authority-libre.pdf?1726244481=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMargins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=RkQZ96-1YW-dPcFeatjUsyIFjBL6i10YOMozfm~uAOHIrKjXtitDgfVTQw0v1h-ZWD3G8naZzqDsjjH9Wmhd00AA8bSTniIEFHv1NZJC7DP8~ofrvm0Q3FDnbLgSLNDGGFLgaRz1JfHr7MCeSsxEtpsxf0jDjKz1x6mOlBNoFu3Y~DV44cIhglLjYEHGYo9SwM1ae5Idr-3uIH3Mb3DKJJMawDer71-QfUS10ymthu~fYZWxKCSNTafdLbpPj~vcp0M-fuzrEWjZmi-SyL5ajQD8~uOhLBfnwJQvODEUTlUECpxySJVh7yNBiMBtdeL7bWLLGcZF2zZXLQnD67yDoQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":135,"name":"Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History"},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":1727,"name":"Early Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History"},{"id":2324,"name":"British History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_History"},{"id":2811,"name":"History of the Book","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Book"},{"id":3723,"name":"History of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science"},{"id":3767,"name":"Law and Society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Society"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":17918,"name":"Intellectual and cultural history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_and_cultural_history"},{"id":26275,"name":"Law and Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Humanities"},{"id":52690,"name":"History of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Law"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies"},{"id":729720,"name":"Explication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Explication"}],"urls":[{"id":44648749,"url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2845692"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845379"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845379/William_Blackstone_Courtroom_Dramatist"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of William Blackstone : Courtroom Dramatist?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184657/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845379/William_Blackstone_Courtroom_Dramatist">William Blackstone : Courtroom Dramatist?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Hart Publishing eBooks</span><span>, Nov 25, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5adcb7a8056ea4e7a569e5fa96189938" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184657,"asset_id":123845379,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184657/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845379"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845379"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845379; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845379]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845379]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845379; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845379']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5adcb7a8056ea4e7a569e5fa96189938" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845379]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845379,"title":"William Blackstone : Courtroom Dramatist?","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845379/William_Blackstone_Courtroom_Dramatist","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184657,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184657/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"37caa9448804ef057ea74651619d627a3683.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184657/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"William_Blackstone_Courtroom_Dramatist.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184657/37caa9448804ef057ea74651619d627a3683-libre.pdf?1726244476=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWilliam_Blackstone_Courtroom_Dramatist.pdf\u0026Expires=1739623757\u0026Signature=K6HSq8-cj4M~eDXTD~mDkJkQjmcr3J9QfpRdJzHB9UlEIptjh~y9l6Lyktmvf-ul9BFTRO3R7DxSoSS18KTffPTji-mT8Bk1NblVndpCcx6B6dXntCYpYLQrcc4FuzYAMS7ZooC5P7XPpMa2L7qEK9fbK~A1UGrVb58MZg3ZMoWIaTMiP6bQl3keLNtSCNtZuvPuQPM~2PJLnopPlk0fpnANQ0pEttCfBhQ7YjAGCUMHMzwjVWF~csSVkJzUKk1-DQAL3-TH2U-142w3ufhTBjWiHF3RGn1~QI-VWS6CHHcRnO8va2ksbDzoC~oUs2XyMmeL5hZTPJ3PaAVnqvPG3Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845378"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845378/The_Case_and_the_Exceptions_Creating_Instrumental_Texts_in_Law_and_Literature"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Case and the Exceptions: Creating Instrumental Texts in Law and Literature" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845378/The_Case_and_the_Exceptions_Creating_Instrumental_Texts_in_Law_and_Literature">The Case and the Exceptions: Creating Instrumental Texts in Law and Literature</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">THE RISE OF THE PROFESSIONAL AUTHOR DURING THE LONG EIGH-teenth centurya process that has been t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">THE RISE OF THE PROFESSIONAL AUTHOR DURING THE LONG EIGH-teenth centurya process that has been the subject of extensive research over the last two decadeswas accompanied by the production of new tools designed for the literary professional.1 These tools ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845378"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845378"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845378; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845378]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845378]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845378; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845378']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845378]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845378,"title":"The Case and the Exceptions: Creating Instrumental Texts in Law and Literature","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845378/The_Case_and_the_Exceptions_Creating_Instrumental_Texts_in_Law_and_Literature","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845377"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845377/Stevensons_The_Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hyde_as_a_Criminal_Law_Text"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Stevenson's 'The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde' as a Criminal Law Text" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845377/Stevensons_The_Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hyde_as_a_Criminal_Law_Text">Stevenson's 'The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde' as a Criminal Law Text</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Jan 16, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This short review of The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, (1886) talks about how Robert L...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This short review of The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, (1886) talks about how Robert Louis Stevenson&#39;s novella may be used as a text in a criminal law class. Jekyll&#39;s written confession is ambiguous about his responsibility for the murder he has committed. He seems to deny that he was &quot;morally sane&quot; at the time of the murder, yet he also makes a point of declaring that he had &quot;voluntarily stripped [him]self of all those balancing instincts&quot; that would have allowed himself to control himself, and he compares himself to &quot;drunkard.&quot; Jekyll further complicates the issue by tracing his violent impulses back to the &quot;thorough and primitive duality&quot; of humans in general. Around the time the novella was published, English courts were starting to ask whether mental conditions resulting from voluntary intoxication may negate specific intent. Students may be provoked to think more deeply about criminal responsibility by reading Jekyll and Hyde in relation to those judgments, and in relation to more recent judgments in which a party&#39;s voluntary act triggered the manifestation of a preexisting illness.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845377"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845377"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845377; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845377]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845377]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845377; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845377']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845377]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845377,"title":"Stevenson's 'The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde' as a Criminal Law Text","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845377/Stevensons_The_Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hyde_as_a_Criminal_Law_Text","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845376"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845376/Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and_the_Detective_Story"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Detecting Doctrines: The Case Method and the Detective Story" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184635/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845376/Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and_the_Detective_Story">Detecting Doctrines: The Case Method and the Detective Story</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Yale journal of law and the humanities</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d2acc0f384b5fc37ec5db34964e22b52" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184635,"asset_id":123845376,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184635/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845376"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845376"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845376; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845376]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845376]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845376; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845376']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d2acc0f384b5fc37ec5db34964e22b52" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845376]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845376,"title":"Detecting Doctrines: The Case Method and the Detective Story","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_abstract":"This paper explores the intersection between legal reasoning and detective fiction, positing that both domains share a common analytical framework characterized by intricate argumentation and the pleasurable process of proving a conclusion. By drawing parallels between the methods used in legal pedagogy and the narrative techniques found in detective stories, it highlights the importance of storytelling in making complex legal concepts more engaging and memorable. The analysis emphasizes how legal narratives, akin to detective stories, enhance understanding by incorporating suspense and psychological depth, ultimately making legal education more effective.","ai_title_tag":"Legal Reasoning and Detective Fiction Links","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Yale journal of law and the humanities"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845376/Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and_the_Detective_Story","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:27.639-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184635,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184635/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2011_20-_20Detecting_20Doctrines_20YJLH.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184635/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184635/2011_20-_20Detecting_20Doctrines_20YJLH-libre.pdf?1726244514=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=DKdMVeNmawgurvXI1yDJyEEr0Rn2aJyqYCNmkW3wUeCpx2SRMYRf5RxlXnR8oJ~BnF8oMbxiInKK1mpFW~GvesIJqZ5CCWAbvBzk9N810Z4dRzrx6hP8cwdCMd80e53mBY1jaZ4RnmlGOvT86glk086vpnnOmlpQk6zibENs155luQ9I81Hs7KUbqcbc0~GeAO4MR~cz312-PLssasXciaAYTboXEdZEbBIcGkvVa3TS6XE--uW3Tp6WM1Yrg3RtmvpHdeUkxEoypmZy7R1KidWQx30l1iw7II8Z1E7Nc7MgxhWKqQXBYUPa0udsTazKnT9FgYf-pA-mTm~NeBsm7Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and_the_Detective_Story","translated_slug":"","page_count":49,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184635,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184635/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2011_20-_20Detecting_20Doctrines_20YJLH.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184635/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184635/2011_20-_20Detecting_20Doctrines_20YJLH-libre.pdf?1726244514=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=DKdMVeNmawgurvXI1yDJyEEr0Rn2aJyqYCNmkW3wUeCpx2SRMYRf5RxlXnR8oJ~BnF8oMbxiInKK1mpFW~GvesIJqZ5CCWAbvBzk9N810Z4dRzrx6hP8cwdCMd80e53mBY1jaZ4RnmlGOvT86glk086vpnnOmlpQk6zibENs155luQ9I81Hs7KUbqcbc0~GeAO4MR~cz312-PLssasXciaAYTboXEdZEbBIcGkvVa3TS6XE--uW3Tp6WM1Yrg3RtmvpHdeUkxEoypmZy7R1KidWQx30l1iw7II8Z1E7Nc7MgxhWKqQXBYUPa0udsTazKnT9FgYf-pA-mTm~NeBsm7Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History"},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":815,"name":"Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":8475,"name":"Narrative Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Methods"},{"id":12060,"name":"Detective Fiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detective_Fiction"},{"id":14800,"name":"Hermeneutics and Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hermeneutics_and_Narrative"},{"id":19818,"name":"Narrative Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Theory"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":88860,"name":"Clarity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clarity"},{"id":115333,"name":"Analogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analogy"},{"id":256667,"name":"Arts and Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arts_and_Humanities"},{"id":413536,"name":"Doctrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doctrine"},{"id":572540,"name":"Case Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Method"}],"urls":[{"id":44648745,"url":"https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/89467/1/2011%20-%20Detecting%20Doctrines%20YJLH.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845374"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845374/The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_Person"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Third-Party Doctrine and the Third Person" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184632/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845374/The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_Person">The Third-Party Doctrine and the Third Person</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>New Criminal Law Review</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">How to cite TSpace items Always cite the published version, so the author(s) will receive recogni...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">How to cite TSpace items Always cite the published version, so the author(s) will receive recognition through services that track citation counts, e.g. Scopus. If you need to cite the page number of the author manuscript from TSpace because you cannot access the published version, then cite the TSpace version in addition to the published version using the permanent URI (handle) found on the record page. This article was made openly accessible by U of T Faculty. Please tell us how this access benefits you. Your story matters.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="76a359e6d252851032ecf8a11a3ec3fc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184632,"asset_id":123845374,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184632/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845374"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845374"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845374; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845374]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845374]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845374; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845374']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "76a359e6d252851032ecf8a11a3ec3fc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845374]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845374,"title":"The Third-Party Doctrine and the Third Person","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"University of California Press","grobid_abstract":"How to cite TSpace items Always cite the published version, so the author(s) will receive recognition through services that track citation counts, e.g. Scopus. If you need to cite the page number of the author manuscript from TSpace because you cannot access the published version, then cite the TSpace version in addition to the published version using the permanent URI (handle) found on the record page. This article was made openly accessible by U of T Faculty. Please tell us how this access benefits you. Your story matters.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2013,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"New Criminal Law Review","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184632},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845374/The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_Person","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:25.645-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184632,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184632/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stern_20Third_20Party_20Doctrine.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184632/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_P.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184632/Stern_20Third_20Party_20Doctrine-libre.pdf?1726244499=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=KmXAGZA1NuAt7KF1ulw8F4h92zmss3tHMmqCE8e599P~mCPW9DekgAwbo8JFFnLlhcmM9PX2FQbyAO~4tBYL7mnhRLw6oPn0CdEjC7hCfhaLiZvOcvC~zHpOsxu2koMTCPIhhatRCl65rcz7SsHE0o2qskHXaE4rKWJXHflYY3H2ksXt8AjCfi1MqKdLzHELtSJdd77FWdP58YTOuDm8U1ZuyldaFq5vcjSOpgexxMaChIGMhJEy19bN1uKeYKUcW4hsL80TjVLwAahJO3-xNLsqOz57e9Ar8fvZ~3h~HSe6xwVgX9c5rFznsrngVH5b4d6cILEU5b~sl9RwKkI8Bg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_Person","translated_slug":"","page_count":48,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"How to cite TSpace items Always cite the published version, so the author(s) will receive recognition through services that track citation counts, e.g. Scopus. If you need to cite the page number of the author manuscript from TSpace because you cannot access the published version, then cite the TSpace version in addition to the published version using the permanent URI (handle) found on the record page. This article was made openly accessible by U of T Faculty. Please tell us how this access benefits you. Your story matters.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184632,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184632/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stern_20Third_20Party_20Doctrine.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184632/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_P.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184632/Stern_20Third_20Party_20Doctrine-libre.pdf?1726244499=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=KmXAGZA1NuAt7KF1ulw8F4h92zmss3tHMmqCE8e599P~mCPW9DekgAwbo8JFFnLlhcmM9PX2FQbyAO~4tBYL7mnhRLw6oPn0CdEjC7hCfhaLiZvOcvC~zHpOsxu2koMTCPIhhatRCl65rcz7SsHE0o2qskHXaE4rKWJXHflYY3H2ksXt8AjCfi1MqKdLzHELtSJdd77FWdP58YTOuDm8U1ZuyldaFq5vcjSOpgexxMaChIGMhJEy19bN1uKeYKUcW4hsL80TjVLwAahJO3-xNLsqOz57e9Ar8fvZ~3h~HSe6xwVgX9c5rFznsrngVH5b4d6cILEU5b~sl9RwKkI8Bg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":535,"name":"Criminal Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Law-1"},{"id":536,"name":"Criminal Procedure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Procedure"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":5513,"name":"Narratology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narratology"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":8475,"name":"Narrative Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Methods"},{"id":19818,"name":"Narrative Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Theory"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":115333,"name":"Analogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analogy"},{"id":413536,"name":"Doctrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doctrine"},{"id":561321,"name":"Appeal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Appeal"},{"id":588804,"name":"Viewpoints","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viewpoints"},{"id":2167157,"name":"Third Party","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Third_Party"}],"urls":[{"id":44648744,"url":"https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/87908/1/Stern%20Third%20Party%20Doctrine.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845373"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845373/Legal_and_Literary_Fictions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Legal and Literary Fictions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184650/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845373/Legal_and_Literary_Fictions">Legal and Literary Fictions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Oxford University Press eBooks</span><span>, Jun 22, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">If law and literature share certain kinds of imaginative capacities, as much recent scholarship c...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">If law and literature share certain kinds of imaginative capacities, as much recent scholarship contends, legal fictions seem to offer a promising means of exploring this kinship, and particularly its narrative dimensions. Commentators on legal fictions often apply the term to doctrines that make the law's image of the world seem fanciful or distorted, with fascinating and often worrisome consequences that form the contours of a story, as the fictional premise yields one bizarre result after another. Jeremy Bentham famously criticized legal fictions of all stripes, insisting that they were invariably "employed … with a bad effect" and that their polluting effects went far beyond the fiction's immediate purpose: "[E]verything is sham that finds its way into that receptacle, as everything is foul that finds its way out of Fleet-ditch into the Thames." 1 More recent commentators do not necessarily share Bentham's antipathy to legal fictions as a class, but many nevertheless share the view that legal fictions proceed from a false premise to produce results that percolate throughout the legal domain, generating an array of consequences that may have no clear stopping point. One scholar, for example, associates legal fictions with "seriously flawed" assumptions whose "premises … inform and shape doctrine in diverse areas of the law." 2 Another writes that "legal fictions allow the courts to tell a story that is imagined," thereby serving to "set norms for human behavior and social conduct" and "work[ing] as support For comments on earlier drafts, thanks to</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="41716d84335ce010f74ed15ac76d56e8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184650,"asset_id":123845373,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184650/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845373"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845373"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845373; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845373]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845373]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845373; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845373']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "41716d84335ce010f74ed15ac76d56e8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845373]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845373,"title":"Legal and Literary Fictions","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","grobid_abstract":"If law and literature share certain kinds of imaginative capacities, as much recent scholarship contends, legal fictions seem to offer a promising means of exploring this kinship, and particularly its narrative dimensions. Commentators on legal fictions often apply the term to doctrines that make the law's image of the world seem fanciful or distorted, with fascinating and often worrisome consequences that form the contours of a story, as the fictional premise yields one bizarre result after another. Jeremy Bentham famously criticized legal fictions of all stripes, insisting that they were invariably \"employed … with a bad effect\" and that their polluting effects went far beyond the fiction's immediate purpose: \"[E]verything is sham that finds its way into that receptacle, as everything is foul that finds its way out of Fleet-ditch into the Thames.\" 1 More recent commentators do not necessarily share Bentham's antipathy to legal fictions as a class, but many nevertheless share the view that legal fictions proceed from a false premise to produce results that percolate throughout the legal domain, generating an array of consequences that may have no clear stopping point. One scholar, for example, associates legal fictions with \"seriously flawed\" assumptions whose \"premises … inform and shape doctrine in diverse areas of the law.\" 2 Another writes that \"legal fictions allow the courts to tell a story that is imagined,\" thereby serving to \"set norms for human behavior and social conduct\" and \"work[ing] as support For comments on earlier drafts, thanks to","publication_date":{"day":22,"month":6,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184650},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845373/Legal_and_Literary_Fictions","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:25.428-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184650,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184650/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"554872114a11c20c353c0709ae41d2f1a569.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184650/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Legal_and_Literary_Fictions.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184650/554872114a11c20c353c0709ae41d2f1a569-libre.pdf?1726244483=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLegal_and_Literary_Fictions.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=dfaveZSp21KspXW6GOKqMT-r7KYjFpkXYWEVMcE77Bbu8YZhTqRb01dPN0vU4p7Fu59GegBd3qiFHycjiP98GWuqau5vmwHGiP8bc76hGURdx59TsdDPWLU1HK0H24gkFmziQivcjHC6N30A4NOgwbV5yRjAcu-ROLuJgasR5FlEj3BUjId6mt2WicRDXGwjciWNH~7BLTJWLt9YzTfmZMtxeeuiMqik-FpWatu61CjxkNecc0V9EU5YFYe2qEn8UTmthYfaffhbyCkvTUWu11rnXooGJotgloMe6MANxBO6~bHhRJTTIKWJdLxMV98c7UO1JmvhSaFjKt061MlqAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Legal_and_Literary_Fictions","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"If law and literature share certain kinds of imaginative capacities, as much recent scholarship contends, legal fictions seem to offer a promising means of exploring this kinship, and particularly its narrative dimensions. Commentators on legal fictions often apply the term to doctrines that make the law's image of the world seem fanciful or distorted, with fascinating and often worrisome consequences that form the contours of a story, as the fictional premise yields one bizarre result after another. Jeremy Bentham famously criticized legal fictions of all stripes, insisting that they were invariably \"employed … with a bad effect\" and that their polluting effects went far beyond the fiction's immediate purpose: \"[E]verything is sham that finds its way into that receptacle, as everything is foul that finds its way out of Fleet-ditch into the Thames.\" 1 More recent commentators do not necessarily share Bentham's antipathy to legal fictions as a class, but many nevertheless share the view that legal fictions proceed from a false premise to produce results that percolate throughout the legal domain, generating an array of consequences that may have no clear stopping point. One scholar, for example, associates legal fictions with \"seriously flawed\" assumptions whose \"premises … inform and shape doctrine in diverse areas of the law.\" 2 Another writes that \"legal fictions allow the courts to tell a story that is imagined,\" thereby serving to \"set norms for human behavior and social conduct\" and \"work[ing] as support For comments on earlier drafts, thanks to","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184650,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184650/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"554872114a11c20c353c0709ae41d2f1a569.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184650/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Legal_and_Literary_Fictions.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184650/554872114a11c20c353c0709ae41d2f1a569-libre.pdf?1726244483=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLegal_and_Literary_Fictions.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=dfaveZSp21KspXW6GOKqMT-r7KYjFpkXYWEVMcE77Bbu8YZhTqRb01dPN0vU4p7Fu59GegBd3qiFHycjiP98GWuqau5vmwHGiP8bc76hGURdx59TsdDPWLU1HK0H24gkFmziQivcjHC6N30A4NOgwbV5yRjAcu-ROLuJgasR5FlEj3BUjId6mt2WicRDXGwjciWNH~7BLTJWLt9YzTfmZMtxeeuiMqik-FpWatu61CjxkNecc0V9EU5YFYe2qEn8UTmthYfaffhbyCkvTUWu11rnXooGJotgloMe6MANxBO6~bHhRJTTIKWJdLxMV98c7UO1JmvhSaFjKt061MlqAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy"},{"id":2418,"name":"Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":231945,"name":"Scholarship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scholarship"},{"id":3185608,"name":"Legal fiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_fiction"}],"urls":[{"id":44648743,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190456368.003.0019"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845372"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845372/Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amendment"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Catastrophic Threats and the Fourth Amendment" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184630/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845372/Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amendment">Catastrophic Threats and the Fourth Amendment</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">School; former law clerk to the Honorable Ronald M. Gould, United States Court of Appeals for the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">School; former law clerk to the Honorable Ronald M. Gould, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 2002-03. We thank Professors Jerold Israel and Yale Kamisar for their thoughtful, substantive comments on an earlier draft of this Article. Judge Gould in particular adds that he is deeply indebted to Professors Israel and Kamisar for their superb teaching at the University of Michigan Law School when he was their student in 1970-73. We also thank Charles Davant IV, Sanne Hjarno Knudsen, and Vikram Varma, Judge Gould's former law clerks in 2002-03, for their review and insightful comments at the inception of this Article. For any deficiencies in the Article, the authors take full responsibility.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="69ae55a7bd14963108adc506ae30d5dd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184630,"asset_id":123845372,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184630/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845372"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845372"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845372; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845372]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845372]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845372; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845372']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "69ae55a7bd14963108adc506ae30d5dd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845372]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845372,"title":"Catastrophic Threats and the Fourth Amendment","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Social Science Electronic Publishing","ai_title_tag":"Fourth Amendment Challenges from Catastrophic Threats","grobid_abstract":"School; former law clerk to the Honorable Ronald M. Gould, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 2002-03. We thank Professors Jerold Israel and Yale Kamisar for their thoughtful, substantive comments on an earlier draft of this Article. Judge Gould in particular adds that he is deeply indebted to Professors Israel and Kamisar for their superb teaching at the University of Michigan Law School when he was their student in 1970-73. We also thank Charles Davant IV, Sanne Hjarno Knudsen, and Vikram Varma, Judge Gould's former law clerks in 2002-03, for their review and insightful comments at the inception of this Article. For any deficiencies in the Article, the authors take full responsibility.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2004,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Social Science Research Network","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184630},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845372/Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amendment","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:25.215-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184630,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184630/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"catastrophic_20-_2077_777.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184630/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184630/catastrophic_20-_2077_777-libre.pdf?1726244488=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCatastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amen.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=RkBkrExzkNQK4ptd~t-HBETBZJTLlNeqeUvQvG3GJmc3bpymcmAbglcXr-r6jNnJgXtVI2dXSpZf-Pfhi1qQ-199Y97zLJ9Xl03WXEAkXGqdYCcmKAqZVnXbppEQT-9t6SPm1b4fNNoOSMhY5wlqVLvqjO7lQlFA2uq3u8HRgAGA9v9Y5E1YvUeM-uWCFWCFPQtNsQo~Rk7njMfPfHOPqbBa9TYhtXFHIeV4SbhEMQlSHoTS-Ae8~mcSOoxdo6DSydGH-l3~rImYQkza6u-~mn1hX1efO7SrCenfsLSdkhK~wlU-gLXJGqz85xvPQ65M3fiJrOhSxGPPn-L1yvMq8A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amendment","translated_slug":"","page_count":58,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"School; former law clerk to the Honorable Ronald M. Gould, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 2002-03. We thank Professors Jerold Israel and Yale Kamisar for their thoughtful, substantive comments on an earlier draft of this Article. Judge Gould in particular adds that he is deeply indebted to Professors Israel and Kamisar for their superb teaching at the University of Michigan Law School when he was their student in 1970-73. We also thank Charles Davant IV, Sanne Hjarno Knudsen, and Vikram Varma, Judge Gould's former law clerks in 2002-03, for their review and insightful comments at the inception of this Article. For any deficiencies in the Article, the authors take full responsibility.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184630,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184630/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"catastrophic_20-_2077_777.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184630/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184630/catastrophic_20-_2077_777-libre.pdf?1726244488=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCatastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amen.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=RkBkrExzkNQK4ptd~t-HBETBZJTLlNeqeUvQvG3GJmc3bpymcmAbglcXr-r6jNnJgXtVI2dXSpZf-Pfhi1qQ-199Y97zLJ9Xl03WXEAkXGqdYCcmKAqZVnXbppEQT-9t6SPm1b4fNNoOSMhY5wlqVLvqjO7lQlFA2uq3u8HRgAGA9v9Y5E1YvUeM-uWCFWCFPQtNsQo~Rk7njMfPfHOPqbBa9TYhtXFHIeV4SbhEMQlSHoTS-Ae8~mcSOoxdo6DSydGH-l3~rImYQkza6u-~mn1hX1efO7SrCenfsLSdkhK~wlU-gLXJGqz85xvPQ65M3fiJrOhSxGPPn-L1yvMq8A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":14825,"name":"Supreme Court","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supreme_Court"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":362249,"name":"Wonder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wonder"},{"id":396772,"name":"Harm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Harm"},{"id":413536,"name":"Doctrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doctrine"},{"id":599789,"name":"Search and Seizure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Search_and_Seizure"},{"id":2598701,"name":"probable cause","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/probable_cause"},{"id":2598843,"name":"reasonable suspicion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/reasonable_suspicion"}],"urls":[{"id":44648742,"url":"https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/89379/1/catastrophic%20-%2077_777.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845371"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845371/Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_Immorality_in_The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Wilde’s Obscenity Effect: Influence and Immorality in The Picture of Dorian Gray" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184666/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845371/Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_Immorality_in_The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray">Wilde’s Obscenity Effect: Influence and Immorality in The Picture of Dorian Gray</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Review of English Studies</span><span>, Apr 6, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Wilde's three trials in 1895 served, in effect, as an obscenity prosecution of The Picture of Dor...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Wilde's three trials in 1895 served, in effect, as an obscenity prosecution of The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890/1). Though the novel was not formally charged with obscenity, Dorian Gray's first reviewers suggested that it was obscene, and the book was not reprinted in Britain for nearly two decades after Wilde's trials. The novel's relation to Wilde's trials thus raises a number of questions about the use of fiction as legal evidence and about the ways in which a criminal prosecution might be taken to reveal the meaning of the defendant's writings. This article discusses the late Victorian campaign against obscene literature and the victims of that campaign; the reviews of the original version of Dorian Gray (in Lippincott's Magazine, 1890); the oblique manner in which the innuendo about its obscenity functioned during Wilde's three trials (1895); Wilde's own ironic engagement, at several key points in the novel, with the conception of influence at work in the legal test governing the evaluation of obscenity (R. v. Hicklin, 1868); the relation of the painting itself, and of the notorious French novel that Dorian borrows from Lord Henry, to that conception of influence; and Wilde's reenactment of his ironic perspective at the narrative level.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a9be75dbd1f2a1de6ee563a21b48343b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184666,"asset_id":123845371,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184666/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845371"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845371"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845371; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845371]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845371]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845371; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845371']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a9be75dbd1f2a1de6ee563a21b48343b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845371]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845371,"title":"Wilde’s Obscenity Effect: Influence and Immorality in The Picture of Dorian Gray","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","grobid_abstract":"Wilde's three trials in 1895 served, in effect, as an obscenity prosecution of The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890/1). Though the novel was not formally charged with obscenity, Dorian Gray's first reviewers suggested that it was obscene, and the book was not reprinted in Britain for nearly two decades after Wilde's trials. The novel's relation to Wilde's trials thus raises a number of questions about the use of fiction as legal evidence and about the ways in which a criminal prosecution might be taken to reveal the meaning of the defendant's writings. This article discusses the late Victorian campaign against obscene literature and the victims of that campaign; the reviews of the original version of Dorian Gray (in Lippincott's Magazine, 1890); the oblique manner in which the innuendo about its obscenity functioned during Wilde's three trials (1895); Wilde's own ironic engagement, at several key points in the novel, with the conception of influence at work in the legal test governing the evaluation of obscenity (R. v. Hicklin, 1868); the relation of the painting itself, and of the notorious French novel that Dorian borrows from Lord Henry, to that conception of influence; and Wilde's reenactment of his ironic perspective at the narrative level.","publication_date":{"day":6,"month":4,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Review of English Studies","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184666},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845371/Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_Immorality_in_The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:24.973-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184666,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184666/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Wildes_20Obscenity_20Effect.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184666/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_I.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184666/Wildes_20Obscenity_20Effect-libre.pdf?1726244476=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_I.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=MlbAKjbSI5dmFPVylQ~NNj0VLqAnaDI9VUhymzPrsA2YB~AxmR79ZCKauNNRBQUHyyTuU8twKeQMxfs~c2aHqQRyoFfZvMil40ojCVZXVv40sGAJzQI6hHzz4s8NEX3rhMdDOP-sJCu~s20Ut0l7p5DyqAOLOipwhIG3KRHrepnaywFwwoo663ijCaZv2Bgc3haxPYw0~HXuom2XhHSlMx-JiYuPfJH2zOkiuprVK9R7mMLESM1xEdyFjLFUjt4xanD8TN3Sdp9Y2fAAhcIESNfWJRooDohedwEV27BE0yWrxLcbukpPoy7oh96Q3T2OeSd29JGbzexkyiXMwVpfJA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_Immorality_in_The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Wilde's three trials in 1895 served, in effect, as an obscenity prosecution of The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890/1). Though the novel was not formally charged with obscenity, Dorian Gray's first reviewers suggested that it was obscene, and the book was not reprinted in Britain for nearly two decades after Wilde's trials. The novel's relation to Wilde's trials thus raises a number of questions about the use of fiction as legal evidence and about the ways in which a criminal prosecution might be taken to reveal the meaning of the defendant's writings. This article discusses the late Victorian campaign against obscene literature and the victims of that campaign; the reviews of the original version of Dorian Gray (in Lippincott's Magazine, 1890); the oblique manner in which the innuendo about its obscenity functioned during Wilde's three trials (1895); Wilde's own ironic engagement, at several key points in the novel, with the conception of influence at work in the legal test governing the evaluation of obscenity (R. v. Hicklin, 1868); the relation of the painting itself, and of the notorious French novel that Dorian borrows from Lord Henry, to that conception of influence; and Wilde's reenactment of his ironic perspective at the narrative level.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184666,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184666/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Wildes_20Obscenity_20Effect.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184666/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_I.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184666/Wildes_20Obscenity_20Effect-libre.pdf?1726244476=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_I.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=MlbAKjbSI5dmFPVylQ~NNj0VLqAnaDI9VUhymzPrsA2YB~AxmR79ZCKauNNRBQUHyyTuU8twKeQMxfs~c2aHqQRyoFfZvMil40ojCVZXVv40sGAJzQI6hHzz4s8NEX3rhMdDOP-sJCu~s20Ut0l7p5DyqAOLOipwhIG3KRHrepnaywFwwoo663ijCaZv2Bgc3haxPYw0~HXuom2XhHSlMx-JiYuPfJH2zOkiuprVK9R7mMLESM1xEdyFjLFUjt4xanD8TN3Sdp9Y2fAAhcIESNfWJRooDohedwEV27BE0yWrxLcbukpPoy7oh96Q3T2OeSd29JGbzexkyiXMwVpfJA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":885,"name":"English Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Literature"},{"id":2326,"name":"Nineteenth Century Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nineteenth_Century_Studies"},{"id":2418,"name":"Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":3767,"name":"Law and Society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Society"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":10322,"name":"Nineteenth Century British History and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nineteenth_Century_British_History_and_Culture"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":21421,"name":"Law and culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_culture"},{"id":52408,"name":"Literary studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_studies"},{"id":52690,"name":"History of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Law"},{"id":56281,"name":"English language and literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language_and_literature"},{"id":83102,"name":"Obscenity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Obscenity"},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies"},{"id":278870,"name":"English Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Studies"},{"id":2228957,"name":"Immorality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immorality"}],"urls":[{"id":44648741,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/res/hgx035"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845370"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845370/Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opinions_and_Their_Narratives_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Narrative in the Legal Text: Judicial Opinions and Their Narratives*" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184648/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845370/Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opinions_and_Their_Narratives_">Narrative in the Legal Text: Judicial Opinions and Their Narratives*</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cambridge University Press eBooks</span><span>, Feb 2, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Please refer to the published version to quote or cite: https://books.google.ca/books?id=NP5DDwAA...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Please refer to the published version to quote or cite: <a href="https://books.google.ca/books?id=NP5DDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA121&dq=%22Judicial+Opinions+and+The" rel="nofollow">https://books.google.ca/books?id=NP5DDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA121&dq=%22Judicial+Opinions+and+The</a> ir+Narratives%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI1piyuqjYAhUI0YMKHf2kA4QQ6AEIKTAA#v=one page&q=%22Judicial%20Opinions%20and%20Their%20Narratives%22&f=false Abstract: the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrativenamely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and reflecting on others' mental states, which accounts for a considerable part of fiction's cognitive appeal. The absence of these features should alert us to the questionable premises underlying any treatment of the judgment as simply one more form of narrative, whose fundamental similarity to novels and films can be taken for granted. Using a few fundamental concepts in the study of narrative, involving the definition of plot and the power of the "reality effect" (whose analogue, I propose, is the "legality effect"), this chapter asks what we can learn about legal decisions by considering them as a distinctive kind of narrative, rather than summarily lumping them together with literary narratives. Narrative is essential to numerous aspects of legal practice and writing, from pleading and negotiation to the interpretation of evidence and conflict resolution. Indeed, one of the earliest senses of narrator in English, dating from the thirteenth century, refers to a pleader or serjeant-at-law tasked with reciting a party's statement. 1 Yet the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrative-namely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and 1</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="26e8ddd45f00c54fcc3524c08c01e007" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184648,"asset_id":123845370,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184648/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845370"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845370"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845370; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845370]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845370]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845370; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845370']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "26e8ddd45f00c54fcc3524c08c01e007" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845370]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845370,"title":"Narrative in the Legal Text: Judicial Opinions and Their Narratives*","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Cambridge University Press","grobid_abstract":"Please refer to the published version to quote or cite: https://books.google.ca/books?id=NP5DDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PA121\u0026dq=%22Judicial+Opinions+and+The ir+Narratives%22\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=0ahUKEwiI1piyuqjYAhUI0YMKHf2kA4QQ6AEIKTAA#v=one page\u0026q=%22Judicial%20Opinions%20and%20Their%20Narratives%22\u0026f=false Abstract: the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrativenamely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and reflecting on others' mental states, which accounts for a considerable part of fiction's cognitive appeal. The absence of these features should alert us to the questionable premises underlying any treatment of the judgment as simply one more form of narrative, whose fundamental similarity to novels and films can be taken for granted. Using a few fundamental concepts in the study of narrative, involving the definition of plot and the power of the \"reality effect\" (whose analogue, I propose, is the \"legality effect\"), this chapter asks what we can learn about legal decisions by considering them as a distinctive kind of narrative, rather than summarily lumping them together with literary narratives. Narrative is essential to numerous aspects of legal practice and writing, from pleading and negotiation to the interpretation of evidence and conflict resolution. Indeed, one of the earliest senses of narrator in English, dating from the thirteenth century, refers to a pleader or serjeant-at-law tasked with reciting a party's statement. 1 Yet the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrative-namely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and 1","publication_date":{"day":2,"month":2,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184648},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845370/Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opinions_and_Their_Narratives_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:24.752-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184648,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184648/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ae55206d57e71a9936a5c48f590063e4f969.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184648/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184648/ae55206d57e71a9936a5c48f590063e4f969-libre.pdf?1726244494=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNarrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opi.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=XFLap6x4qRX4QNclGs0SEsftrt6XPo9DXyfO9ccFIjNiL9ruNk9nRLtdmK63TfPpXHGuklqaoKjUcAw1nNJJsTNHoiyyKbuTWbg~fwot~vIR53Gfqudu0W9kBlU3Y1DPujmrUiY-VIj9lgKp6wQt-To4lvfwxJU56Ser1uuTGb1DfpdPJqZFUt3xi-ujP4Vhxa18xxImC2nNk0wFsLLW1zjeHuVq7zq9MlSMEXs-oTeBnWDoTIaeYrW1hXPdM2TRmuF~4aJv--zHugsuHkyLFyHeoZCWo-NPoheY6yknfYoGhS08TBK8dAYaYk-WZY7fYtRkbQ5KJs4NHrpsVTwvDA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opinions_and_Their_Narratives_","translated_slug":"","page_count":23,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Please refer to the published version to quote or cite: https://books.google.ca/books?id=NP5DDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PA121\u0026dq=%22Judicial+Opinions+and+The ir+Narratives%22\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=0ahUKEwiI1piyuqjYAhUI0YMKHf2kA4QQ6AEIKTAA#v=one page\u0026q=%22Judicial%20Opinions%20and%20Their%20Narratives%22\u0026f=false Abstract: the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrativenamely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and reflecting on others' mental states, which accounts for a considerable part of fiction's cognitive appeal. The absence of these features should alert us to the questionable premises underlying any treatment of the judgment as simply one more form of narrative, whose fundamental similarity to novels and films can be taken for granted. Using a few fundamental concepts in the study of narrative, involving the definition of plot and the power of the \"reality effect\" (whose analogue, I propose, is the \"legality effect\"), this chapter asks what we can learn about legal decisions by considering them as a distinctive kind of narrative, rather than summarily lumping them together with literary narratives. Narrative is essential to numerous aspects of legal practice and writing, from pleading and negotiation to the interpretation of evidence and conflict resolution. Indeed, one of the earliest senses of narrator in English, dating from the thirteenth century, refers to a pleader or serjeant-at-law tasked with reciting a party's statement. 1 Yet the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrative-namely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and 1","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184648,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184648/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ae55206d57e71a9936a5c48f590063e4f969.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184648/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184648/ae55206d57e71a9936a5c48f590063e4f969-libre.pdf?1726244494=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNarrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opi.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=XFLap6x4qRX4QNclGs0SEsftrt6XPo9DXyfO9ccFIjNiL9ruNk9nRLtdmK63TfPpXHGuklqaoKjUcAw1nNJJsTNHoiyyKbuTWbg~fwot~vIR53Gfqudu0W9kBlU3Y1DPujmrUiY-VIj9lgKp6wQt-To4lvfwxJU56Ser1uuTGb1DfpdPJqZFUt3xi-ujP4Vhxa18xxImC2nNk0wFsLLW1zjeHuVq7zq9MlSMEXs-oTeBnWDoTIaeYrW1hXPdM2TRmuF~4aJv--zHugsuHkyLFyHeoZCWo-NPoheY6yknfYoGhS08TBK8dAYaYk-WZY7fYtRkbQ5KJs4NHrpsVTwvDA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":11070,"name":"Pleasure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pleasure"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":252250,"name":"Principle of Legality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Principle_of_Legality"},{"id":561321,"name":"Appeal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Appeal"}],"urls":[{"id":44648740,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108381734.009"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845369"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845369/Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Politics_Debating_Rationales_for_Jury_Nullification_after_Bushells_Case"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Between Local Knowledge and National Politics: Debating Rationales for Jury Nullification after Bushell's Case" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184634/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845369/Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Politics_Debating_Rationales_for_Jury_Nullification_after_Bushells_Case">Between Local Knowledge and National Politics: Debating Rationales for Jury Nullification after Bushell's Case</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Yale Law Journal</span><span>, May 1, 2002</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Sir John Vaughan's opinion in Bushell's Case' constitutes an important milestone in the history o...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Sir John Vaughan's opinion in Bushell's Case' constitutes an important milestone in the history of jury nullification in Anglo-American law. In ruling that jurors may not be fined or imprisoned for returning a verdict that conflicts with the judge's assessment of the evidence, Vaughan made a formative contribution to our understanding of the jury's independence, and his opinion continues to be cited in discussions of this issue. 2 Vaughan did not defend nullification: His opinion nowhere speaks of a juror's right to disregard the law or to find according to "conscience," a term that some</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f40fe0b6b130c3c3bb54e55625f936b8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184634,"asset_id":123845369,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184634/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845369"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845369"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845369; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845369]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845369]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845369; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845369']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f40fe0b6b130c3c3bb54e55625f936b8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845369]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845369,"title":"Between Local Knowledge and National Politics: Debating Rationales for Jury Nullification after Bushell's Case","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"The Yale Law Journal Company","grobid_abstract":"Sir John Vaughan's opinion in Bushell's Case' constitutes an important milestone in the history of jury nullification in Anglo-American law. In ruling that jurors may not be fined or imprisoned for returning a verdict that conflicts with the judge's assessment of the evidence, Vaughan made a formative contribution to our understanding of the jury's independence, and his opinion continues to be cited in discussions of this issue. 2 Vaughan did not defend nullification: His opinion nowhere speaks of a juror's right to disregard the law or to find according to \"conscience,\" a term that some","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":5,"year":2002,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Yale Law Journal","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184634},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845369/Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Politics_Debating_Rationales_for_Jury_Nullification_after_Bushells_Case","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:24.339-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184634,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184634/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184634/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184634/51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_-libre.pdf?1726244498=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBetween_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=eBE7XncpJiIwbRivbWBmQ2IIHbXSRhtSyTA11AwjGafE-KDgYXNxLgrCyZkzqGI2lMn2ERQeCLZdAqx5AViokkTL4uGI-1S2pyHQejqOZ2hh~oywdDMPCl0MUoJ~DJiUARV0AoiCp9YRyxU2GxZfan6BMNKgmrleyiB5G5kwz6cMRL2UcdgN6-G69nz~lrk52mX~t3qhGM9zUg3WMsT2ydz9uGu9e3Y3B8j7N-6rW5h~ZrUyIbhk-heTIgjLuIsuKkRLq66ftBVEO36JZlBvFSnlqxRnYTmjXxEAiXHZJ-Mslqo6tS6d0kgXfHUa76U4eP5UZCdXUl0Luj1hzMnHzA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Politics_Debating_Rationales_for_Jury_Nullification_after_Bushells_Case","translated_slug":"","page_count":46,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Sir John Vaughan's opinion in Bushell's Case' constitutes an important milestone in the history of jury nullification in Anglo-American law. In ruling that jurors may not be fined or imprisoned for returning a verdict that conflicts with the judge's assessment of the evidence, Vaughan made a formative contribution to our understanding of the jury's independence, and his opinion continues to be cited in discussions of this issue. 2 Vaughan did not defend nullification: His opinion nowhere speaks of a juror's right to disregard the law or to find according to \"conscience,\" a term that some","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184634,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184634/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184634/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184634/51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_-libre.pdf?1726244498=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBetween_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=eBE7XncpJiIwbRivbWBmQ2IIHbXSRhtSyTA11AwjGafE-KDgYXNxLgrCyZkzqGI2lMn2ERQeCLZdAqx5AViokkTL4uGI-1S2pyHQejqOZ2hh~oywdDMPCl0MUoJ~DJiUARV0AoiCp9YRyxU2GxZfan6BMNKgmrleyiB5G5kwz6cMRL2UcdgN6-G69nz~lrk52mX~t3qhGM9zUg3WMsT2ydz9uGu9e3Y3B8j7N-6rW5h~ZrUyIbhk-heTIgjLuIsuKkRLq66ftBVEO36JZlBvFSnlqxRnYTmjXxEAiXHZJ-Mslqo6tS6d0kgXfHUa76U4eP5UZCdXUl0Luj1hzMnHzA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":118184633,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184633/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184633/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184633/51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_-libre.pdf?1726244502=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBetween_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=gQYFzOUeBv5p7xxfelfcE0pHNZya2o3FlAkhUjBnS1clWD5jof4b0JK7jbsh7g0ioDz21fEyt3Fs24atWUAiX0elJeKBhyDoNOoYS~0lcuD2pApYJsxKGCu36twX3S0IFFE3nFBp0wu72dvmcZkWF4X3jnS-6Fva8YcT60q71XEXsSUN-BjE4bMpYqNcpbhp-UM2MEf2LCO2mXbJ8~QGEve5CESk~Kl~K6EzcRnD4TluPG6zQpGRVjLxL01S~kDKiGpHEL2PSskm03g3lj9WJvR56jdrOWVSW5WC55QCt8Dq1lT6xgM95a0Cp8Z7idBzVEJD1iufAlfVMe6PdCgy4Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":3680,"name":"Courts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Courts"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":5709,"name":"Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics"},{"id":19084,"name":"Juries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Juries"},{"id":591831,"name":"Jury","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jury"},{"id":906168,"name":"Yale Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yale_Law"},{"id":2902951,"name":"Nullification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nullification"}],"urls":[{"id":44648739,"url":"https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/20.500.13051/9411/2/51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845368"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845368/Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_technology_and_the_law"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Introduction: Artificial intelligence, technology, and the law" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184647/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845368/Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_technology_and_the_law">Introduction: Artificial intelligence, technology, and the law</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>University of Toronto Law Journal</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The contributions to this special issue of the UTLJ are based on articles originally presented at...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The contributions to this special issue of the UTLJ are based on articles originally presented at the conference. Some of the speakers discussed the kinds of tasks that machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) can perform, when used to conduct legal research, to identify biases and discrepancies at the doctrinal level and in the performance of lawyers and judges, and to facilitate access to justice for those who cannot readily afford legal services. Other speakers considered the challenges that algorithms based on ML and NLP pose to democratic conceptions of legal authority. Taken together, the articles offered a range of views on the prospects and perils of AI for the practice of law and for the legal system as a whole. This introduction briefly describes the contributions, moving roughly from the more theoretical to the more concrete aspects of these issues.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="42f043bd911d7ceea33ec112703decf3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184647,"asset_id":123845368,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184647/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845368"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845368"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845368; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845368]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845368]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845368; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845368']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "42f043bd911d7ceea33ec112703decf3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845368]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845368,"title":"Introduction: Artificial intelligence, technology, and the law","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"University of Toronto Press","grobid_abstract":"The contributions to this special issue of the UTLJ are based on articles originally presented at the conference. Some of the speakers discussed the kinds of tasks that machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) can perform, when used to conduct legal research, to identify biases and discrepancies at the doctrinal level and in the performance of lawyers and judges, and to facilitate access to justice for those who cannot readily afford legal services. Other speakers considered the challenges that algorithms based on ML and NLP pose to democratic conceptions of legal authority. Taken together, the articles offered a range of views on the prospects and perils of AI for the practice of law and for the legal system as a whole. This introduction briefly describes the contributions, moving roughly from the more theoretical to the more concrete aspects of these issues.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"University of Toronto Law Journal","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184647},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845368/Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_technology_and_the_law","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:24.089-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184647,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184647/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"utlj.2017-010220240913-1-e2sznp.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184647/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_tec.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184647/utlj.2017-010220240913-1-e2sznp-libre.pdf?1726244476=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntroduction_Artificial_intelligence_tec.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=DAZgXYSkmrObUH~UJsxj6Pbvp1U2PnpqRKqTyBVkaff2CWCnTX2UVYhXAqa2v-PC7nMnFSlsteOtpX2NS9qMBMwaqfZITvvZ4EH8NcuzIal2eAfQRO6MZdPy4DY2o6qMDmriF5lBs~qGaR2VHDvV63MQGLMZWeaRh8t-9jc2~cWlQySBcwTKuTvNzAbzYWr9ajBiH5BciuXbydw7rHT4LIElB2QnZNk0Tltik04J6tKKjouSuavGNo9rzbq67GzYs8DK4HsPnQaduwubBnQckh4rCAGYqBj8jgCsGAdcPIGioNwZO8X373nDMvS4i0tYl34wK4qskaPRSloCZztthQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_technology_and_the_law","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The contributions to this special issue of the UTLJ are based on articles originally presented at the conference. Some of the speakers discussed the kinds of tasks that machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) can perform, when used to conduct legal research, to identify biases and discrepancies at the doctrinal level and in the performance of lawyers and judges, and to facilitate access to justice for those who cannot readily afford legal services. Other speakers considered the challenges that algorithms based on ML and NLP pose to democratic conceptions of legal authority. Taken together, the articles offered a range of views on the prospects and perils of AI for the practice of law and for the legal system as a whole. This introduction briefly describes the contributions, moving roughly from the more theoretical to the more concrete aspects of these issues.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184647,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184647/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"utlj.2017-010220240913-1-e2sznp.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184647/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_tec.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184647/utlj.2017-010220240913-1-e2sznp-libre.pdf?1726244476=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntroduction_Artificial_intelligence_tec.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736602\u0026Signature=VoVS5S-4qOljwzEeZ0h8o5hPRdZHa5BVwQ7S4ytplaiMActjt6Ep4zji0ezvS3miCfjp4jy-Xw8lrwvddqmN0MCr7PBVhcpxrUzu5vc5xuottY22GuXl7VUuvb6zOeoMKi4MICXzbtzkE4tg-JU5PHE9iHthb40qtV0SqV01rP2459dcMIt720BRkAO9EEgPW1CGTeJY0OePA7gZpL8SgRLF37RQySdbXdYICMw8h1ibH3W1DPbvtq96T5edKdvE1PMY7~0x9iADgaBEH0h8hBBjzeEShlKjf7qeZ0pKqqLAHUrFjNkSjIzuVnfdGQ~G6Da70qFqEaG0G779xjcV5A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":5793,"name":"Economic Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Justice"},{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy"},{"id":20078,"name":"Legal research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_research"},{"id":42433,"name":"Legal Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Writing"}],"urls":[{"id":44648738,"url":"https://doi.org/10.3138/utlj.2017-0102"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="6905354" id="books"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="127169482"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/127169482/Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Law_and_Literature_With_List_of_Entries"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Preface to the Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature, With List of Entries" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120942880/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/127169482/Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Law_and_Literature_With_List_of_Entries">Preface to the Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature, With List of Entries</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature</span><span>, 2025</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improba...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improbable interdisciplinary conjunctions. Obvious, because both disciplines depend fundamentally on words and stories, and on the problems they create, raising questions about interpretation, narrative, genre, style and rhetoric, allusion and citation. Improbable, because literature appears (to some) to exist for purposes of entertainment and imagination, whereas law must provide definite answers to concrete disputes, and (according to this critique) cannot indulge in speculation or ambivalence.<br />    The present volume takes an agnostic, not an antagonistic, position on whether law kills or literature cures, or whether such ascriptions or prescriptions are even meaningful. The volume is constructed on a foundation that proceeds from the view that the most productive interchanges do not arise from investigations of specific legal problems but from more open-ended inquiries into the various ways that legal and literary resources converge and diverge. Readers will find entries that confront vexed and vexing problems of law and its history: abolition, blackmail, civil rights, death penalty, despotism, forgery, hate speech, imperialism, incarceration, murder, obscenity, refuge/asylum, slavery, and treason, to name a few. We have also taken the ambit of the literary to encompass a wide range of media, rather than restricting it to canonical novels, plays, and poetry. Readers will find entries on comedy, tragedy, detective fiction, gothic fiction, novel, realism, satire, and science fiction, and also on other forms, fashions, and media—advertising, online fan fiction, music, television, the film industry, photography, theater, and visual literacy. Our aim has been to give a sense of the various imaginative forms that creative artists have used to explore legal concepts and methods, and that scholars have discussed when examining these relationships, while also providing suggestions as to future avenues of research.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="030450d95a1ffd8f1a55316a5e697342" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120942880,"asset_id":127169482,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120942880/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127169482"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127169482"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127169482; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127169482]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127169482]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127169482; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127169482']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "030450d95a1ffd8f1a55316a5e697342" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127169482]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127169482,"title":"Preface to the Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature, With List of Entries","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improbable interdisciplinary conjunctions. Obvious, because both disciplines depend fundamentally on words and stories, and on the problems they create, raising questions about interpretation, narrative, genre, style and rhetoric, allusion and citation. Improbable, because literature appears (to some) to exist for purposes of entertainment and imagination, whereas law must provide definite answers to concrete disputes, and (according to this critique) cannot indulge in speculation or ambivalence.\n The present volume takes an agnostic, not an antagonistic, position on whether law kills or literature cures, or whether such ascriptions or prescriptions are even meaningful. The volume is constructed on a foundation that proceeds from the view that the most productive interchanges do not arise from investigations of specific legal problems but from more open-ended inquiries into the various ways that legal and literary resources converge and diverge. Readers will find entries that confront vexed and vexing problems of law and its history: abolition, blackmail, civil rights, death penalty, despotism, forgery, hate speech, imperialism, incarceration, murder, obscenity, refuge/asylum, slavery, and treason, to name a few. We have also taken the ambit of the literary to encompass a wide range of media, rather than restricting it to canonical novels, plays, and poetry. Readers will find entries on comedy, tragedy, detective fiction, gothic fiction, novel, realism, satire, and science fiction, and also on other forms, fashions, and media—advertising, online fan fiction, music, television, the film industry, photography, theater, and visual literacy. Our aim has been to give a sense of the various imaginative forms that creative artists have used to explore legal concepts and methods, and that scholars have discussed when examining these relationships, while also providing suggestions as to future avenues of research.","grobid_abstract":"This is a pre-print version of the Preface for the volume; more information about the print volume may be found at: . e-elgar.com/shop/usd/elgar-concise-encyclopedia-of-lawand-literature-9781803925905.html Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improbable interdisciplinary conjunctions. Obvious, because both disciplines depend fundamentally on words and stories, and on the problems they create, raising questions about interpretation, narrative, genre, style and rhetoric, allusion and citation. Improbable, because literature appears (to some) to exist for purposes of entertainment and imagination, whereas law must provide definite answers to concrete disputes, and (according to this critique) cannot indulge in speculation or ambivalence. William Empson probed the tension between these divergent expectations when he wrote, 'Law makes long spokes of the short stakes of men.' 1 The grounded authority that seems to secure private rights in property is necessarily spun, by law's pleaders and glossators, into the 'long spokes' of creative theorizing to which the law so readily lends itself. Law cannot help but be speculative, because its apparent concreteness is itself a product of imagination. The promiscuously invoked phrase 'legal fiction' marks an inevitable pairing, perhaps a redundancy. To engage in law-whether for the short stakes of a litigation or across the long spokes of jurisprudential development-is to practice the art of fiction.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2025,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":120942880},"translated_abstract":"Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improbable interdisciplinary conjunctions. Obvious, because both disciplines depend fundamentally on words and stories, and on the problems they create, raising questions about interpretation, narrative, genre, style and rhetoric, allusion and citation. Improbable, because literature appears (to some) to exist for purposes of entertainment and imagination, whereas law must provide definite answers to concrete disputes, and (according to this critique) cannot indulge in speculation or ambivalence.\n The present volume takes an agnostic, not an antagonistic, position on whether law kills or literature cures, or whether such ascriptions or prescriptions are even meaningful. The volume is constructed on a foundation that proceeds from the view that the most productive interchanges do not arise from investigations of specific legal problems but from more open-ended inquiries into the various ways that legal and literary resources converge and diverge. Readers will find entries that confront vexed and vexing problems of law and its history: abolition, blackmail, civil rights, death penalty, despotism, forgery, hate speech, imperialism, incarceration, murder, obscenity, refuge/asylum, slavery, and treason, to name a few. We have also taken the ambit of the literary to encompass a wide range of media, rather than restricting it to canonical novels, plays, and poetry. Readers will find entries on comedy, tragedy, detective fiction, gothic fiction, novel, realism, satire, and science fiction, and also on other forms, fashions, and media—advertising, online fan fiction, music, television, the film industry, photography, theater, and visual literacy. Our aim has been to give a sense of the various imaginative forms that creative artists have used to explore legal concepts and methods, and that scholars have discussed when examining these relationships, while also providing suggestions as to future avenues of research.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/127169482/Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Law_and_Literature_With_List_of_Entries","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2025-01-21T07:57:58.767-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":43000068,"work_id":127169482,"tagging_user_id":34481,"tagged_user_id":40770842,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***o@utulsa.edu","affiliation":"University of Tulsa","display_order":1,"name":"Robert Spoo","title":"Preface to the Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Law and Literature, With List of Entries"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":120942880,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120942880/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Elgar_Preface_SSRN.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120942880/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/120942880/Elgar_Preface_SSRN-libre.pdf?1737478685=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPreface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedi.pdf\u0026Expires=1738614341\u0026Signature=KE3xoH-UpaZTjggWHRHy7o-I5lZKzizqV~83cssGnMBTpVaE4PuIW7CJkZyppSytMTYO02jBTuBvDB-TxaNe5UNB3NWtqheG-mbI3PrAOYkZnF0yswW-10wWZ5bsSzYJ-8PfexrDCcK7PsNb384sKeMqzKHaa-qdPi~zBzItS2kZjF84dlzWROERGnbjmlMjQI8Z8FZ~5SyvZzHGQkcmN8ngGRJdkZPeQGQuxEK7PvLqUwmbp9ZU6uDttDLo-ATK1P7QzuXk7P0ArHB7auFrr38M9Z-EjjX7lcAGYOxmDlX9JDGzSLpzePY~Xzu06TNTjoonx9iQzu5nZTA~vNhqWQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Law_and_Literature_With_List_of_Entries","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Law and literature has seemed variously to be one of the most obvious and one of the most improbable interdisciplinary conjunctions. Obvious, because both disciplines depend fundamentally on words and stories, and on the problems they create, raising questions about interpretation, narrative, genre, style and rhetoric, allusion and citation. Improbable, because literature appears (to some) to exist for purposes of entertainment and imagination, whereas law must provide definite answers to concrete disputes, and (according to this critique) cannot indulge in speculation or ambivalence.\n The present volume takes an agnostic, not an antagonistic, position on whether law kills or literature cures, or whether such ascriptions or prescriptions are even meaningful. The volume is constructed on a foundation that proceeds from the view that the most productive interchanges do not arise from investigations of specific legal problems but from more open-ended inquiries into the various ways that legal and literary resources converge and diverge. Readers will find entries that confront vexed and vexing problems of law and its history: abolition, blackmail, civil rights, death penalty, despotism, forgery, hate speech, imperialism, incarceration, murder, obscenity, refuge/asylum, slavery, and treason, to name a few. We have also taken the ambit of the literary to encompass a wide range of media, rather than restricting it to canonical novels, plays, and poetry. Readers will find entries on comedy, tragedy, detective fiction, gothic fiction, novel, realism, satire, and science fiction, and also on other forms, fashions, and media—advertising, online fan fiction, music, television, the film industry, photography, theater, and visual literacy. Our aim has been to give a sense of the various imaginative forms that creative artists have used to explore legal concepts and methods, and that scholars have discussed when examining these relationships, while also providing suggestions as to future avenues of research.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":120942880,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120942880/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Elgar_Preface_SSRN.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120942880/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Preface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/120942880/Elgar_Preface_SSRN-libre.pdf?1737478685=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPreface_to_the_Elgar_Concise_Encyclopedi.pdf\u0026Expires=1738614341\u0026Signature=KE3xoH-UpaZTjggWHRHy7o-I5lZKzizqV~83cssGnMBTpVaE4PuIW7CJkZyppSytMTYO02jBTuBvDB-TxaNe5UNB3NWtqheG-mbI3PrAOYkZnF0yswW-10wWZ5bsSzYJ-8PfexrDCcK7PsNb384sKeMqzKHaa-qdPi~zBzItS2kZjF84dlzWROERGnbjmlMjQI8Z8FZ~5SyvZzHGQkcmN8ngGRJdkZPeQGQuxEK7PvLqUwmbp9ZU6uDttDLo-ATK1P7QzuXk7P0ArHB7auFrr38M9Z-EjjX7lcAGYOxmDlX9JDGzSLpzePY~Xzu06TNTjoonx9iQzu5nZTA~vNhqWQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":885,"name":"English Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Literature"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":7888,"name":"Literary Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_Theory"},{"id":19776,"name":"Literature and Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_and_Law"},{"id":20487,"name":"Literary History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_History"},{"id":26275,"name":"Law and Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Humanities"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="40365837"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/40365837/The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanities_ed_Simon_Stern_Maksymilian_Del_Mar_and_Bernadette_Meyler"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities, ed Simon Stern, Maksymilian Del Mar, and Bernadette Meyler" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60612973/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/40365837/The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanities_ed_Simon_Stern_Maksymilian_Del_Mar_and_Bernadette_Meyler">The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities, ed Simon Stern, Maksymilian Del Mar, and Bernadette Meyler</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern">Simon Stern</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://warwick.academia.edu/ValerieHayaert">Valerie Hayaert</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities :: https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-oxford-handbook-of-law-and-humanities-9780190695620?cc=ca&lang=en&#</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">How does materiality matter to legal scholarship? What can affect studies offer to legal scholars...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">How does materiality matter to legal scholarship? What can affect studies offer to legal scholars? What are the connections among visual studies, art history, and the knowledge and experience of law? What can the disciplines of book history, digital humanities, performance studies, disability studies, and post-colonial studies contribute to contemporary and historical understandings of law? These are only some of the important questions addressed in this wide-ranging collection of law and humanities scholarship.<br /><br />Collecting 45 new essays by leading international scholars, The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities showcases the work of law and humanities across disciplines, addressing methods, concepts and themes, genres, and areas of the law. The essays explore under-researched domains such as comics, videos, police files, form contracts, and paratexts, and shed new light on traditional topics, such as free speech, intellectual property, international law, indigenous peoples, immigration, evidence, and human rights. The Handbook provides an exciting new agenda for scholarship in law and humanities, and will be essential reading for anyone interested in the intersections of law and humanistic inquiry.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6154a6d13e6fd170a12731eb30313a9f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":60612973,"asset_id":40365837,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60612973/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40365837"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40365837"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40365837; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40365837]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40365837]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40365837; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40365837']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6154a6d13e6fd170a12731eb30313a9f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40365837]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40365837,"title":"The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities, ed Simon Stern, Maksymilian Del Mar, and Bernadette Meyler","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40365837/The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanities_ed_Simon_Stern_Maksymilian_Del_Mar_and_Bernadette_Meyler","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern","email":"S01heFJ6dHRmUTlCQUFGUVhHbDJrbFRodWl5enlnZVplblNQdnhaSmZtaEFwRkJjbTJTTG04c3ZQaWxvTmNndy0tL0dwckFodlF1SDQ1V3ZiRm5hTXhhZz09--6f7ab7b902fc782ea2f7c2dcea214873dec6a0c3"},"attachments":[{"id":60612973,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60612973/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanities_cover_page_and_TOC20190916-35578-1gwq5tz.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60612973/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanitie.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/60612973/Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanities_cover_page_and_TOC20190916-35578-1gwq5tz-libre.pdf?1568648183=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Oxford_Handbook_of_Law_and_Humanitie.pdf\u0026Expires=1739785467\u0026Signature=FHCRuJDB4nMwIdkmuZLcgCMkkXI~4BZVhjafpL4dfrMMIb9JMrLqs3Dg6~RWEmpsVvlPTr96eGDjFEKua8RRoS5~oPadQOojG1PtmbjQldO5WRTq7t1nidQzvLWTX7yyaQAXGb3yIthTvmb5ljFj6xwh~14Pk2OD6JzAWbbnWMMPr7fxEBONPdvC2sMjPHn7dUnStucEgSWWMZRBmyz6qq7Qx3D8jvX1k3UxquDpfZmr51gYL06wDHLxgbQYO73StkwpX2bw3wL0ikm8DzpkCSZa7ZPkSiZwI7wzjHT6yjin9h~cXIsb~VoWcZIHgBFVPWypPLOwu~PhqOXTgSK-kg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="32719251"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/32719251/The_Oxford_Edition_of_Blackstones_Commentaries_on_the_Laws_of_England_Book_II_Of_the_Rights_of_Things"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Oxford Edition of Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England: Book II: Of the Rights of Things" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/32719251/The_Oxford_Edition_of_Blackstones_Commentaries_on_the_Laws_of_England_Book_II_Of_the_Rights_of_Things">The Oxford Edition of Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England: Book II: Of the Rights of Things</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Oxford's variorum edition of William Blackstone's seminal treatise on the common law of England a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Oxford's variorum edition of William Blackstone's seminal treatise on the common law of England and Wales offers the definitive account of the Commentaries' development in a modern format.  Property law is the subject of Book II, the second and longest volume of Blackstone's Commentaries. His lucid exposition covers feudalism and its history, real estate and the forms of tenure that a land-owner may have, and personal property, including the new kinds of intangible property that were developing in Blackstone's era, such as negotiable instruments and intellectual property.<br /><br />An excerpt from the introduction to Book Two is available at: <a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2703542" rel="nofollow">https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2703542</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="32719251"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32719251"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32719251; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32719251]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32719251]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32719251; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='32719251']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=32719251]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":32719251,"title":"The Oxford Edition of Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England: Book II: Of the Rights of Things","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/32719251/The_Oxford_Edition_of_Blackstones_Commentaries_on_the_Laws_of_England_Book_II_Of_the_Rights_of_Things","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="96294" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845406"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845406/Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Law, Literature, and The Legal Imagination" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184665/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845406/Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination">Law, Literature, and The Legal Imagination</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities </span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Law and literature occupies an unusual place among the interdisciplines in the legal academy. Va...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Law and literature occupies an unusual place among the interdisciplines <br />in the legal academy. Various interdisciplinary conjunctions have found a home on law faculties over the last half-century or so, such as law and economics, law and sociology, and law and psychology, more recently supplemented by law and neuroscience. Most law professors could summarize the aims of scholarship fairly accurately in these areas. Law<br />and literature has had a place in the legal academy for about the same<br />amount of time, and yet those who do not read current scholarship in this field tend to have a vague or even misinformed understanding of what the work entails. Having outlasted the many predictions of its demise, the field nevertheless suffers from a strange kind of identity crisis—not because of anxieties or doubts among those who write in this area, but because of confident but misguided accounts that others would offer when describing the field.<br />This article seeks to explain why this particular disciplinary conjunction differs from others that thrive on law faculties. The first part of the discussion takes its point of departure from James Boyd White’s The Legal Imagination. I offer a few observations about White’s book in relation to the field of law and literature, and as the subject of a symposium like the one being hosted in these pages. My point in this first part is a simple one, namely that very few books by law professors have achieved a status that makes them appropriate for such an anniversary symposium, and most of them have been interdisciplinary in a way that makes them resemble the kind of humanities scholarship that more typically receives this kind of attention.<br />The second part of the essay considers the trajectory of law and literature<br />as a field over the last forty-some years. Here the discussion contrasts the<br />state of the field as evidenced by work in flagship U.S. law journals, by<br />contrast with other scholarly work published elsewhere. The point again is a simple one, namely that if one were to look only at flagship U.S. law journals, the field might appear to be in a state of decline, whereas if one looks more widely, the field is flourishing and expanding. If the field looks different, depending on this schematic division of publication venues, the contrast hints at diverging views about literature, legal scholarship, and<br />their aims. Those views have some bearing on the status of law and<br />literature in relation to other legal interdisciplines, such as the ones<br />mentioned at the outset.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0294dc980f4a7b4f88ea690903fcd239" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184665,"asset_id":123845406,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184665/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845406"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845406"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845406; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845406]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845406]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845406; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845406']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0294dc980f4a7b4f88ea690903fcd239" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845406]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845406,"title":"Law, Literature, and The Legal Imagination","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Law and literature occupies an unusual place among the interdisciplines \nin the legal academy. Various interdisciplinary conjunctions have found a home on law faculties over the last half-century or so, such as law and economics, law and sociology, and law and psychology, more recently supplemented by law and neuroscience. Most law professors could summarize the aims of scholarship fairly accurately in these areas. Law\nand literature has had a place in the legal academy for about the same\namount of time, and yet those who do not read current scholarship in this field tend to have a vague or even misinformed understanding of what the work entails. Having outlasted the many predictions of its demise, the field nevertheless suffers from a strange kind of identity crisis—not because of anxieties or doubts among those who write in this area, but because of confident but misguided accounts that others would offer when describing the field.\nThis article seeks to explain why this particular disciplinary conjunction differs from others that thrive on law faculties. The first part of the discussion takes its point of departure from James Boyd White’s The Legal Imagination. I offer a few observations about White’s book in relation to the field of law and literature, and as the subject of a symposium like the one being hosted in these pages. My point in this first part is a simple one, namely that very few books by law professors have achieved a status that makes them appropriate for such an anniversary symposium, and most of them have been interdisciplinary in a way that makes them resemble the kind of humanities scholarship that more typically receives this kind of attention.\nThe second part of the essay considers the trajectory of law and literature\nas a field over the last forty-some years. Here the discussion contrasts the\nstate of the field as evidenced by work in flagship U.S. law journals, by\ncontrast with other scholarly work published elsewhere. The point again is a simple one, namely that if one were to look only at flagship U.S. law journals, the field might appear to be in a state of decline, whereas if one looks more widely, the field is flourishing and expanding. If the field looks different, depending on this schematic division of publication venues, the contrast hints at diverging views about literature, legal scholarship, and\ntheir aims. Those views have some bearing on the status of law and\nliterature in relation to other legal interdisciplines, such as the ones\nmentioned at the outset.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2024,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Yale Journal of Law \u0026 the Humanities "},"translated_abstract":"Law and literature occupies an unusual place among the interdisciplines \nin the legal academy. Various interdisciplinary conjunctions have found a home on law faculties over the last half-century or so, such as law and economics, law and sociology, and law and psychology, more recently supplemented by law and neuroscience. Most law professors could summarize the aims of scholarship fairly accurately in these areas. Law\nand literature has had a place in the legal academy for about the same\namount of time, and yet those who do not read current scholarship in this field tend to have a vague or even misinformed understanding of what the work entails. Having outlasted the many predictions of its demise, the field nevertheless suffers from a strange kind of identity crisis—not because of anxieties or doubts among those who write in this area, but because of confident but misguided accounts that others would offer when describing the field.\nThis article seeks to explain why this particular disciplinary conjunction differs from others that thrive on law faculties. The first part of the discussion takes its point of departure from James Boyd White’s The Legal Imagination. I offer a few observations about White’s book in relation to the field of law and literature, and as the subject of a symposium like the one being hosted in these pages. My point in this first part is a simple one, namely that very few books by law professors have achieved a status that makes them appropriate for such an anniversary symposium, and most of them have been interdisciplinary in a way that makes them resemble the kind of humanities scholarship that more typically receives this kind of attention.\nThe second part of the essay considers the trajectory of law and literature\nas a field over the last forty-some years. Here the discussion contrasts the\nstate of the field as evidenced by work in flagship U.S. law journals, by\ncontrast with other scholarly work published elsewhere. The point again is a simple one, namely that if one were to look only at flagship U.S. law journals, the field might appear to be in a state of decline, whereas if one looks more widely, the field is flourishing and expanding. If the field looks different, depending on this schematic division of publication venues, the contrast hints at diverging views about literature, legal scholarship, and\ntheir aims. Those views have some bearing on the status of law and\nliterature in relation to other legal interdisciplines, such as the ones\nmentioned at the outset.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845406/Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:04:59.012-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184665,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184665/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2024_Law_Lit_LI.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184665/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184665/2024_Law_Lit_LI-libre.pdf?1726244485=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLaw_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=X2OhPLRmvNF3-h3RafHysosM9QNvDFLsk40jGEUG47kZlZfMJV0MydqQsm3ZbwebOoioNBh15V0xOp~zw-d7~JPoplomvya~sET4IxCDYdgPstFPzDjOZIJn77chq~zvebhTjeW6ZtW1OsJduK1okbstkkB9DzPARUkCHXBQj~w-244~9PDiCoCDaiVVVeAaWWVpUtdomVElHrGFliLfrM1-WyjdveHiq-aNX9hzCzumV1cOI3-2ZfZRyKUimBGFcC~RLVPni6Iw4XxjZiPn9wQql-PrKBdHPG08bsL3iCVTEvRb~29jasuQCDGt7GLSwcLlzdfQKj90c1OoqvsmzA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Law and literature occupies an unusual place among the interdisciplines \nin the legal academy. Various interdisciplinary conjunctions have found a home on law faculties over the last half-century or so, such as law and economics, law and sociology, and law and psychology, more recently supplemented by law and neuroscience. Most law professors could summarize the aims of scholarship fairly accurately in these areas. Law\nand literature has had a place in the legal academy for about the same\namount of time, and yet those who do not read current scholarship in this field tend to have a vague or even misinformed understanding of what the work entails. Having outlasted the many predictions of its demise, the field nevertheless suffers from a strange kind of identity crisis—not because of anxieties or doubts among those who write in this area, but because of confident but misguided accounts that others would offer when describing the field.\nThis article seeks to explain why this particular disciplinary conjunction differs from others that thrive on law faculties. The first part of the discussion takes its point of departure from James Boyd White’s The Legal Imagination. I offer a few observations about White’s book in relation to the field of law and literature, and as the subject of a symposium like the one being hosted in these pages. My point in this first part is a simple one, namely that very few books by law professors have achieved a status that makes them appropriate for such an anniversary symposium, and most of them have been interdisciplinary in a way that makes them resemble the kind of humanities scholarship that more typically receives this kind of attention.\nThe second part of the essay considers the trajectory of law and literature\nas a field over the last forty-some years. Here the discussion contrasts the\nstate of the field as evidenced by work in flagship U.S. law journals, by\ncontrast with other scholarly work published elsewhere. The point again is a simple one, namely that if one were to look only at flagship U.S. law journals, the field might appear to be in a state of decline, whereas if one looks more widely, the field is flourishing and expanding. If the field looks different, depending on this schematic division of publication venues, the contrast hints at diverging views about literature, legal scholarship, and\ntheir aims. Those views have some bearing on the status of law and\nliterature in relation to other legal interdisciplines, such as the ones\nmentioned at the outset.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184665,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184665/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2024_Law_Lit_LI.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184665/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Law_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184665/2024_Law_Lit_LI-libre.pdf?1726244485=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLaw_Literature_and_The_Legal_Imagination.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=X2OhPLRmvNF3-h3RafHysosM9QNvDFLsk40jGEUG47kZlZfMJV0MydqQsm3ZbwebOoioNBh15V0xOp~zw-d7~JPoplomvya~sET4IxCDYdgPstFPzDjOZIJn77chq~zvebhTjeW6ZtW1OsJduK1okbstkkB9DzPARUkCHXBQj~w-244~9PDiCoCDaiVVVeAaWWVpUtdomVElHrGFliLfrM1-WyjdveHiq-aNX9hzCzumV1cOI3-2ZfZRyKUimBGFcC~RLVPni6Iw4XxjZiPn9wQql-PrKBdHPG08bsL3iCVTEvRb~29jasuQCDGt7GLSwcLlzdfQKj90c1OoqvsmzA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":542,"name":"Jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudence"},{"id":1060,"name":"Legal Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Education"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":19776,"name":"Literature and Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_and_Law"},{"id":20715,"name":"Legal Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Philosophy"},{"id":26275,"name":"Law and Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Humanities"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845384"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845384/The_Medical_Model_and_Early_Gay_and_Lesbian_Writing"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Medical Model and Early Gay and Lesbian Writing" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845384/The_Medical_Model_and_Early_Gay_and_Lesbian_Writing">The Medical Model and Early Gay and Lesbian Writing</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Research on the history of sexuality has been profoundly influenced by the idea that sexual behav...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Research on the history of sexuality has been profoundly influenced by the idea that sexual behavior, especially in forms that differ from what Henry Abelove labels “sexual intercourse so-called,” came to be construed in medical terms during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. If we seek out representations of queer figures in the U.S. during this era, the effects of medicalization are not hard to discern; nevertheless, the medical framework had a less pervasive influence than this historical research might suggest. Insofar as these works served as vehicles for the spread of medical knowledge, new scientific conceptions of sexuality seem to have circulated haltingly and unevenly—when writers registered them at all. Queer-inflected writing in the U.S. between the 1880s and the 1930s features a varied cast of characters, ranging from winsome youths who fall under the spell of an older, trollish brute; to tortured souls striving to understand themselves and to be understood by others; to enigmatic figures who charm and fascinate everyone around them without offering much in return; to fey, frantic queens who’ll do anything for a laugh. Many of these characters might be taken as expressions of a queer, and even specifically homosexual, identity—but they often bear few if any signs of medicalization unless we contend that all identity-based conceptions of sexuality are necessarily rooted in a medical framework. What does the concept of medicalization contribute, such that it helps to make sense of these works?</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845384"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845384"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845384; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845384]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845384]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845384; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845384']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845384]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845384,"title":"The Medical Model and Early Gay and Lesbian Writing","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845384/The_Medical_Model_and_Early_Gay_and_Lesbian_Writing","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845383"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845383/Oroonoko"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Oroonoko" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845383/Oroonoko">Oroonoko</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of African Historical Studies</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845383"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845383"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845383; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845383]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845383]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845383; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845383']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845383]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845383,"title":"Oroonoko","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Boston University","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2000,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"International Journal of African Historical Studies"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845383/Oroonoko","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:29.265-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Oroonoko","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies"}],"urls":[{"id":44648752,"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/220724"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845382"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845382/Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_Century_England"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Creating a Public Domain in Eighteenth-Century England" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184652/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845382/Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_Century_England">Creating a Public Domain in Eighteenth-Century England</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Oxford University Press eBooks</span><span>, Aug 6, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">While plagiarism and imitation have long been familiar topics of literary study, the legal issues...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">While plagiarism and imitation have long been familiar topics of literary study, the legal issues surrounding these practices have not. The self-reflexive turn that has prompted literary scholars to study the emergence of their own discipline-along with related questions such as the assignment of aesthetics to a distinctive sphere, the processes of canon-formation, and the professionalization of authorship-has also spawned a significant amount of research on the interaction between copyright law and the production and circulation of literature. 1 These developments have been compounded by a broader interest in the cross-fertilization between law and literature. As questions about legal modes of reasoning and analysis have become more prominent in literary studies, there has also been a shift in the discussion of topics such as censorship, still an important focus of research on the legal regulation of literature, but now more likely to be studied in connection with other types of regulation such as copyright and libel. 2 In consequence, literary scholarship in this area now tends to engage with the various legal arenas in which these issues arise, and to delve into the logic of particular legal decisions, so that law's dynamism forms a counterpart to a mobile literary field, rather than serving as a stable 1 Prior to this spate of research, the most recent book-length study of literary professionalism in eighteenth-century</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="16990a73da76d0b997fdfdbb5b5b58aa" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184652,"asset_id":123845382,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184652/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845382"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845382"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845382; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845382]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845382]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845382; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845382']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "16990a73da76d0b997fdfdbb5b5b58aa" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845382]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845382,"title":"Creating a Public Domain in Eighteenth-Century England","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","grobid_abstract":"While plagiarism and imitation have long been familiar topics of literary study, the legal issues surrounding these practices have not. The self-reflexive turn that has prompted literary scholars to study the emergence of their own discipline-along with related questions such as the assignment of aesthetics to a distinctive sphere, the processes of canon-formation, and the professionalization of authorship-has also spawned a significant amount of research on the interaction between copyright law and the production and circulation of literature. 1 These developments have been compounded by a broader interest in the cross-fertilization between law and literature. As questions about legal modes of reasoning and analysis have become more prominent in literary studies, there has also been a shift in the discussion of topics such as censorship, still an important focus of research on the legal regulation of literature, but now more likely to be studied in connection with other types of regulation such as copyright and libel. 2 In consequence, literary scholarship in this area now tends to engage with the various legal arenas in which these issues arise, and to delve into the logic of particular legal decisions, so that law's dynamism forms a counterpart to a mobile literary field, rather than serving as a stable 1 Prior to this spate of research, the most recent book-length study of literary professionalism in eighteenth-century","publication_date":{"day":6,"month":8,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184652},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845382/Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_Century_England","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:29.071-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184652,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184652/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2015_20-_20Creating_20a_20Public_20Domain_20in_2018C_20England.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184652/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184652/2015_20-_20Creating_20a_20Public_20Domain_20in_2018C_20England-libre.pdf?1726244487=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCreating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=fX9zxGvTg7YUJFypDpppU3E6IFJ3gfj0a9BWfn7~twtSa4xOy59nZlJzT-H0NLGZsuqZKn9uXzEJRG0YFs3HxsU9sCboz8o39bfHIMRd1xVmSaz8vWbW78THmNdb-Ob2U1Hd0vNIWlJusnYTbsbihS~UOVAtRsgFtqkN6V3YS2VYenwpMSNzMnMhLiBFCGYRfeOVKmmsIWlIq0rW~Zr9zKc1hIN6nCMDQIZlaYJfTacj23bN0fbXTN6kkmKA324prEAhDt9kNgK83pd1rAqE3FF9cDz8CaCRQrkDFKj~T8ulRnhJxF-L5sz97L~JwjfIpbUF9COvvKfEpbDvDP0Zvg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_Century_England","translated_slug":"","page_count":22,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"While plagiarism and imitation have long been familiar topics of literary study, the legal issues surrounding these practices have not. The self-reflexive turn that has prompted literary scholars to study the emergence of their own discipline-along with related questions such as the assignment of aesthetics to a distinctive sphere, the processes of canon-formation, and the professionalization of authorship-has also spawned a significant amount of research on the interaction between copyright law and the production and circulation of literature. 1 These developments have been compounded by a broader interest in the cross-fertilization between law and literature. As questions about legal modes of reasoning and analysis have become more prominent in literary studies, there has also been a shift in the discussion of topics such as censorship, still an important focus of research on the legal regulation of literature, but now more likely to be studied in connection with other types of regulation such as copyright and libel. 2 In consequence, literary scholarship in this area now tends to engage with the various legal arenas in which these issues arise, and to delve into the logic of particular legal decisions, so that law's dynamism forms a counterpart to a mobile literary field, rather than serving as a stable 1 Prior to this spate of research, the most recent book-length study of literary professionalism in eighteenth-century","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184652,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184652/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2015_20-_20Creating_20a_20Public_20Domain_20in_2018C_20England.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184652/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Creating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184652/2015_20-_20Creating_20a_20Public_20Domain_20in_2018C_20England-libre.pdf?1726244487=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCreating_a_Public_Domain_in_Eighteenth_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=fX9zxGvTg7YUJFypDpppU3E6IFJ3gfj0a9BWfn7~twtSa4xOy59nZlJzT-H0NLGZsuqZKn9uXzEJRG0YFs3HxsU9sCboz8o39bfHIMRd1xVmSaz8vWbW78THmNdb-Ob2U1Hd0vNIWlJusnYTbsbihS~UOVAtRsgFtqkN6V3YS2VYenwpMSNzMnMhLiBFCGYRfeOVKmmsIWlIq0rW~Zr9zKc1hIN6nCMDQIZlaYJfTacj23bN0fbXTN6kkmKA324prEAhDt9kNgK83pd1rAqE3FF9cDz8CaCRQrkDFKj~T8ulRnhJxF-L5sz97L~JwjfIpbUF9COvvKfEpbDvDP0Zvg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":6323,"name":"Public Domain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Domain"}],"urls":[{"id":44648751,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935338.013.39"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845381"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845381/Literary_Analysis_of_Law"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Literary Analysis of Law" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184655/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845381/Literary_Analysis_of_Law">Literary Analysis of Law</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Oxford University Press eBooks</span><span>, Sep 10, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is a pre-edit, pre-proof draft of a chapter that will appear in Markus Dubber & Christopher ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is a pre-edit, pre-proof draft of a chapter that will appear in Markus Dubber & Christopher Tomlins, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Historical Legal Research Legal historians often turn to literary examples to show how doctrines, practices, or institutions were perceived at a certain a time. Imaginative works sometimes serve as representative illustrations of legal phenomena, sometimes as alternatives to dominant legal ideas or assumptions (voicing dissent or presenting figures and perspectives that escape the law's comprehension), sometimes as evidence for the dissemination of legal thought or folk wisdom about the law, and sometimes as a kind of parallel formation that uses, or reflects on, legal methods and modes of explanation, even if the work does not expressly address legal issues. 1 Recent scholarship continues to use all of these methods, but there has been a shift towards the last two approaches over the last ten or twenty years, and this chapter will suggest ways of pursuing each. 1 Although the discussion here focuses on imaginative writing, the same can be said of film. I use "imaginative writing" and "literature" interchangeably in this discussion, in part to avoid creating the impression that research on law and literature should be concerned only with literary classics. 2 For an excellent introduction to such questions, see John Mullan, How Novels Work (2008). 3 Dickerson v. United States, 530 US 428, 443 (2000).</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="306a7caa1ae79fad7757a8060a76713e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184655,"asset_id":123845381,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184655/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845381"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845381"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845381; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845381]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845381]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845381; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845381']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "306a7caa1ae79fad7757a8060a76713e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845381]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845381,"title":"Literary Analysis of Law","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","grobid_abstract":"This is a pre-edit, pre-proof draft of a chapter that will appear in Markus Dubber \u0026 Christopher Tomlins, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Historical Legal Research Legal historians often turn to literary examples to show how doctrines, practices, or institutions were perceived at a certain a time. Imaginative works sometimes serve as representative illustrations of legal phenomena, sometimes as alternatives to dominant legal ideas or assumptions (voicing dissent or presenting figures and perspectives that escape the law's comprehension), sometimes as evidence for the dissemination of legal thought or folk wisdom about the law, and sometimes as a kind of parallel formation that uses, or reflects on, legal methods and modes of explanation, even if the work does not expressly address legal issues. 1 Recent scholarship continues to use all of these methods, but there has been a shift towards the last two approaches over the last ten or twenty years, and this chapter will suggest ways of pursuing each. 1 Although the discussion here focuses on imaginative writing, the same can be said of film. I use \"imaginative writing\" and \"literature\" interchangeably in this discussion, in part to avoid creating the impression that research on law and literature should be concerned only with literary classics. 2 For an excellent introduction to such questions, see John Mullan, How Novels Work (2008). 3 Dickerson v. United States, 530 US 428, 443 (2000).","publication_date":{"day":10,"month":9,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184655},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845381/Literary_Analysis_of_Law","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:28.866-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184655,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184655/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OHHLRR_20-_20Literary_20Analysis_20of_20Law_20-_20SSRN.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184655/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Literary_Analysis_of_Law.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184655/OHHLRR_20-_20Literary_20Analysis_20of_20Law_20-_20SSRN-libre.pdf?1726244485=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLiterary_Analysis_of_Law.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=J-UMBLJ9m4fGxMeOUlXU~JYs-RkcWCYZ8j7u1XSMQXUq64wsMAsJb9Y3qVugaqJWWhMl-s-tlaX8uXXL0uA0yGLCCj77iPOjQEjNU-BV4FgvJ6tsiR4oEyb8Ik~kfO3EJqy-guDpxY5wgwNlnIdhjvzhvLhPjxg18xmaZEKMH6un075~gsgzTjlrmerKmq6Bvt~mm4O2GzrCE8F0xlCdwrkiBY2wcKlKuIhNjZ5tbAAs9Jb4vkLT~yPIZSaa0J4Mo4l4AZRR4feaNTF~o~BFyebMl4F~OhK4YIXzwqfmYdXCpOoW~cxPD~ghtBinVAbvkiHE~PE82TYdIGMEO5S4Zg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Literary_Analysis_of_Law","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This is a pre-edit, pre-proof draft of a chapter that will appear in Markus Dubber \u0026 Christopher Tomlins, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Historical Legal Research Legal historians often turn to literary examples to show how doctrines, practices, or institutions were perceived at a certain a time. Imaginative works sometimes serve as representative illustrations of legal phenomena, sometimes as alternatives to dominant legal ideas or assumptions (voicing dissent or presenting figures and perspectives that escape the law's comprehension), sometimes as evidence for the dissemination of legal thought or folk wisdom about the law, and sometimes as a kind of parallel formation that uses, or reflects on, legal methods and modes of explanation, even if the work does not expressly address legal issues. 1 Recent scholarship continues to use all of these methods, but there has been a shift towards the last two approaches over the last ten or twenty years, and this chapter will suggest ways of pursuing each. 1 Although the discussion here focuses on imaginative writing, the same can be said of film. I use \"imaginative writing\" and \"literature\" interchangeably in this discussion, in part to avoid creating the impression that research on law and literature should be concerned only with literary classics. 2 For an excellent introduction to such questions, see John Mullan, How Novels Work (2008). 3 Dickerson v. United States, 530 US 428, 443 (2000).","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184655,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184655/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"OHHLRR_20-_20Literary_20Analysis_20of_20Law_20-_20SSRN.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184655/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Literary_Analysis_of_Law.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184655/OHHLRR_20-_20Literary_20Analysis_20of_20Law_20-_20SSRN-libre.pdf?1726244485=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLiterary_Analysis_of_Law.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=J-UMBLJ9m4fGxMeOUlXU~JYs-RkcWCYZ8j7u1XSMQXUq64wsMAsJb9Y3qVugaqJWWhMl-s-tlaX8uXXL0uA0yGLCCj77iPOjQEjNU-BV4FgvJ6tsiR4oEyb8Ik~kfO3EJqy-guDpxY5wgwNlnIdhjvzhvLhPjxg18xmaZEKMH6un075~gsgzTjlrmerKmq6Bvt~mm4O2GzrCE8F0xlCdwrkiBY2wcKlKuIhNjZ5tbAAs9Jb4vkLT~yPIZSaa0J4Mo4l4AZRR4feaNTF~o~BFyebMl4F~OhK4YIXzwqfmYdXCpOoW~cxPD~ghtBinVAbvkiHE~PE82TYdIGMEO5S4Zg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":12609,"name":"Legal Realism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Realism"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":102730,"name":"Dissent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dissent"},{"id":231945,"name":"Scholarship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scholarship"},{"id":645578,"name":"Sedition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedition"},{"id":1763882,"name":"Representation Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representation_Politics"}],"urls":[{"id":44648750,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198794356.013.5"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845380"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845380/Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_and_the_Epistemology_of_the_String_Cite"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Margins of Authority: Coke's Institutes and the Epistemology of the String Cite" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184656/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845380/Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_and_the_Epistemology_of_the_String_Cite">Margins of Authority: Coke's Institutes and the Epistemology of the String Cite</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Precedential authority has an important place in doctrinal explication and analysis in Anglo-Amer...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Precedential authority has an important place in doctrinal explication and analysis in Anglo-American law. Efforts to manage these precedents visually, in sixteenth-and seventeenth-century England, display a variety of solutions to the question of where precedents belong and how to represent them. Sir Edward Coke's approach, in his Institutes (1628-44), was to place the citations in the margin; this way of managing textual authority connected legal concepts in a way that lent new significance to the citations. The discussion examines this development by considering it in relation to the introduction of perspective in visual art, in the early fifteenth century, and the use of infinitesimals in the new mathematics of the early seventeenth century.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d120b8073818d64cee99176e2a2e0968" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184656,"asset_id":123845380,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184656/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845380"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845380"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845380; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845380]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845380]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845380; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845380']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d120b8073818d64cee99176e2a2e0968" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845380]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845380,"title":"Margins of Authority: Coke's Institutes and the Epistemology of the String Cite","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Social Science Electronic Publishing","grobid_abstract":"Precedential authority has an important place in doctrinal explication and analysis in Anglo-American law. Efforts to manage these precedents visually, in sixteenth-and seventeenth-century England, display a variety of solutions to the question of where precedents belong and how to represent them. Sir Edward Coke's approach, in his Institutes (1628-44), was to place the citations in the margin; this way of managing textual authority connected legal concepts in a way that lent new significance to the citations. The discussion examines this development by considering it in relation to the introduction of perspective in visual art, in the early fifteenth century, and the use of infinitesimals in the new mathematics of the early seventeenth century.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Social Science Research Network","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184656},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845380/Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_and_the_Epistemology_of_the_String_Cite","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:28.645-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184656,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184656/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Margins_20of_20authority.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184656/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184656/Margins_20of_20authority-libre.pdf?1726244481=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMargins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=RkQZ96-1YW-dPcFeatjUsyIFjBL6i10YOMozfm~uAOHIrKjXtitDgfVTQw0v1h-ZWD3G8naZzqDsjjH9Wmhd00AA8bSTniIEFHv1NZJC7DP8~ofrvm0Q3FDnbLgSLNDGGFLgaRz1JfHr7MCeSsxEtpsxf0jDjKz1x6mOlBNoFu3Y~DV44cIhglLjYEHGYo9SwM1ae5Idr-3uIH3Mb3DKJJMawDer71-QfUS10ymthu~fYZWxKCSNTafdLbpPj~vcp0M-fuzrEWjZmi-SyL5ajQD8~uOhLBfnwJQvODEUTlUECpxySJVh7yNBiMBtdeL7bWLLGcZF2zZXLQnD67yDoQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_and_the_Epistemology_of_the_String_Cite","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Precedential authority has an important place in doctrinal explication and analysis in Anglo-American law. Efforts to manage these precedents visually, in sixteenth-and seventeenth-century England, display a variety of solutions to the question of where precedents belong and how to represent them. Sir Edward Coke's approach, in his Institutes (1628-44), was to place the citations in the margin; this way of managing textual authority connected legal concepts in a way that lent new significance to the citations. The discussion examines this development by considering it in relation to the introduction of perspective in visual art, in the early fifteenth century, and the use of infinitesimals in the new mathematics of the early seventeenth century.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184656,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184656/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Margins_20of_20authority.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184656/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Margins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184656/Margins_20of_20authority-libre.pdf?1726244481=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMargins_of_Authority_Cokes_Institutes_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=RkQZ96-1YW-dPcFeatjUsyIFjBL6i10YOMozfm~uAOHIrKjXtitDgfVTQw0v1h-ZWD3G8naZzqDsjjH9Wmhd00AA8bSTniIEFHv1NZJC7DP8~ofrvm0Q3FDnbLgSLNDGGFLgaRz1JfHr7MCeSsxEtpsxf0jDjKz1x6mOlBNoFu3Y~DV44cIhglLjYEHGYo9SwM1ae5Idr-3uIH3Mb3DKJJMawDer71-QfUS10ymthu~fYZWxKCSNTafdLbpPj~vcp0M-fuzrEWjZmi-SyL5ajQD8~uOhLBfnwJQvODEUTlUECpxySJVh7yNBiMBtdeL7bWLLGcZF2zZXLQnD67yDoQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":135,"name":"Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History"},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":1727,"name":"Early Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History"},{"id":2324,"name":"British History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_History"},{"id":2811,"name":"History of the Book","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Book"},{"id":3723,"name":"History of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science"},{"id":3767,"name":"Law and Society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Society"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":17918,"name":"Intellectual and cultural history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_and_cultural_history"},{"id":26275,"name":"Law and Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Humanities"},{"id":52690,"name":"History of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Law"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":257992,"name":"Historical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Studies"},{"id":729720,"name":"Explication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Explication"}],"urls":[{"id":44648749,"url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2845692"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845379"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845379/William_Blackstone_Courtroom_Dramatist"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of William Blackstone : Courtroom Dramatist?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184657/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845379/William_Blackstone_Courtroom_Dramatist">William Blackstone : Courtroom Dramatist?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Hart Publishing eBooks</span><span>, Nov 25, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5adcb7a8056ea4e7a569e5fa96189938" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184657,"asset_id":123845379,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184657/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845379"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845379"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845379; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845379]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845379]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845379; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845379']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5adcb7a8056ea4e7a569e5fa96189938" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845379]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845379,"title":"William Blackstone : Courtroom Dramatist?","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845379/William_Blackstone_Courtroom_Dramatist","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184657,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184657/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"37caa9448804ef057ea74651619d627a3683.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184657/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"William_Blackstone_Courtroom_Dramatist.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184657/37caa9448804ef057ea74651619d627a3683-libre.pdf?1726244476=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWilliam_Blackstone_Courtroom_Dramatist.pdf\u0026Expires=1739623757\u0026Signature=K6HSq8-cj4M~eDXTD~mDkJkQjmcr3J9QfpRdJzHB9UlEIptjh~y9l6Lyktmvf-ul9BFTRO3R7DxSoSS18KTffPTji-mT8Bk1NblVndpCcx6B6dXntCYpYLQrcc4FuzYAMS7ZooC5P7XPpMa2L7qEK9fbK~A1UGrVb58MZg3ZMoWIaTMiP6bQl3keLNtSCNtZuvPuQPM~2PJLnopPlk0fpnANQ0pEttCfBhQ7YjAGCUMHMzwjVWF~csSVkJzUKk1-DQAL3-TH2U-142w3ufhTBjWiHF3RGn1~QI-VWS6CHHcRnO8va2ksbDzoC~oUs2XyMmeL5hZTPJ3PaAVnqvPG3Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845378"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845378/The_Case_and_the_Exceptions_Creating_Instrumental_Texts_in_Law_and_Literature"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Case and the Exceptions: Creating Instrumental Texts in Law and Literature" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845378/The_Case_and_the_Exceptions_Creating_Instrumental_Texts_in_Law_and_Literature">The Case and the Exceptions: Creating Instrumental Texts in Law and Literature</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">THE RISE OF THE PROFESSIONAL AUTHOR DURING THE LONG EIGH-teenth centurya process that has been t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">THE RISE OF THE PROFESSIONAL AUTHOR DURING THE LONG EIGH-teenth centurya process that has been the subject of extensive research over the last two decadeswas accompanied by the production of new tools designed for the literary professional.1 These tools ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845378"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845378"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845378; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845378]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845378]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845378; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845378']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845378]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845378,"title":"The Case and the Exceptions: Creating Instrumental Texts in Law and Literature","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845378/The_Case_and_the_Exceptions_Creating_Instrumental_Texts_in_Law_and_Literature","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845377"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845377/Stevensons_The_Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hyde_as_a_Criminal_Law_Text"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Stevenson's 'The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde' as a Criminal Law Text" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845377/Stevensons_The_Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hyde_as_a_Criminal_Law_Text">Stevenson's 'The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde' as a Criminal Law Text</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, Jan 16, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This short review of The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, (1886) talks about how Robert L...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This short review of The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, (1886) talks about how Robert Louis Stevenson&#39;s novella may be used as a text in a criminal law class. Jekyll&#39;s written confession is ambiguous about his responsibility for the murder he has committed. He seems to deny that he was &quot;morally sane&quot; at the time of the murder, yet he also makes a point of declaring that he had &quot;voluntarily stripped [him]self of all those balancing instincts&quot; that would have allowed himself to control himself, and he compares himself to &quot;drunkard.&quot; Jekyll further complicates the issue by tracing his violent impulses back to the &quot;thorough and primitive duality&quot; of humans in general. Around the time the novella was published, English courts were starting to ask whether mental conditions resulting from voluntary intoxication may negate specific intent. Students may be provoked to think more deeply about criminal responsibility by reading Jekyll and Hyde in relation to those judgments, and in relation to more recent judgments in which a party&#39;s voluntary act triggered the manifestation of a preexisting illness.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845377"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845377"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845377; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845377]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845377]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845377; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845377']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845377]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845377,"title":"Stevenson's 'The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde' as a Criminal Law Text","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845377/Stevensons_The_Strange_Case_of_Dr_Jekyll_and_Mr_Hyde_as_a_Criminal_Law_Text","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845376"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845376/Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and_the_Detective_Story"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Detecting Doctrines: The Case Method and the Detective Story" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184635/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845376/Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and_the_Detective_Story">Detecting Doctrines: The Case Method and the Detective Story</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Yale journal of law and the humanities</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d2acc0f384b5fc37ec5db34964e22b52" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184635,"asset_id":123845376,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184635/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845376"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845376"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845376; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845376]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845376]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845376; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845376']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d2acc0f384b5fc37ec5db34964e22b52" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845376]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845376,"title":"Detecting Doctrines: The Case Method and the Detective Story","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_abstract":"This paper explores the intersection between legal reasoning and detective fiction, positing that both domains share a common analytical framework characterized by intricate argumentation and the pleasurable process of proving a conclusion. By drawing parallels between the methods used in legal pedagogy and the narrative techniques found in detective stories, it highlights the importance of storytelling in making complex legal concepts more engaging and memorable. The analysis emphasizes how legal narratives, akin to detective stories, enhance understanding by incorporating suspense and psychological depth, ultimately making legal education more effective.","ai_title_tag":"Legal Reasoning and Detective Fiction Links","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Yale journal of law and the humanities"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845376/Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and_the_Detective_Story","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:27.639-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184635,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184635/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2011_20-_20Detecting_20Doctrines_20YJLH.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184635/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184635/2011_20-_20Detecting_20Doctrines_20YJLH-libre.pdf?1726244514=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=DKdMVeNmawgurvXI1yDJyEEr0Rn2aJyqYCNmkW3wUeCpx2SRMYRf5RxlXnR8oJ~BnF8oMbxiInKK1mpFW~GvesIJqZ5CCWAbvBzk9N810Z4dRzrx6hP8cwdCMd80e53mBY1jaZ4RnmlGOvT86glk086vpnnOmlpQk6zibENs155luQ9I81Hs7KUbqcbc0~GeAO4MR~cz312-PLssasXciaAYTboXEdZEbBIcGkvVa3TS6XE--uW3Tp6WM1Yrg3RtmvpHdeUkxEoypmZy7R1KidWQx30l1iw7II8Z1E7Nc7MgxhWKqQXBYUPa0udsTazKnT9FgYf-pA-mTm~NeBsm7Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and_the_Detective_Story","translated_slug":"","page_count":49,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184635,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184635/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2011_20-_20Detecting_20Doctrines_20YJLH.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184635/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Detecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184635/2011_20-_20Detecting_20Doctrines_20YJLH-libre.pdf?1726244514=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDetecting_Doctrines_The_Case_Method_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=DKdMVeNmawgurvXI1yDJyEEr0Rn2aJyqYCNmkW3wUeCpx2SRMYRf5RxlXnR8oJ~BnF8oMbxiInKK1mpFW~GvesIJqZ5CCWAbvBzk9N810Z4dRzrx6hP8cwdCMd80e53mBY1jaZ4RnmlGOvT86glk086vpnnOmlpQk6zibENs155luQ9I81Hs7KUbqcbc0~GeAO4MR~cz312-PLssasXciaAYTboXEdZEbBIcGkvVa3TS6XE--uW3Tp6WM1Yrg3RtmvpHdeUkxEoypmZy7R1KidWQx30l1iw7II8Z1E7Nc7MgxhWKqQXBYUPa0udsTazKnT9FgYf-pA-mTm~NeBsm7Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History"},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":815,"name":"Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":8475,"name":"Narrative Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Methods"},{"id":12060,"name":"Detective Fiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detective_Fiction"},{"id":14800,"name":"Hermeneutics and Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hermeneutics_and_Narrative"},{"id":19818,"name":"Narrative Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Theory"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":88860,"name":"Clarity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clarity"},{"id":115333,"name":"Analogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analogy"},{"id":256667,"name":"Arts and Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arts_and_Humanities"},{"id":413536,"name":"Doctrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doctrine"},{"id":572540,"name":"Case Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Method"}],"urls":[{"id":44648745,"url":"https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/89467/1/2011%20-%20Detecting%20Doctrines%20YJLH.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845374"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845374/The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_Person"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Third-Party Doctrine and the Third Person" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184632/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845374/The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_Person">The Third-Party Doctrine and the Third Person</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>New Criminal Law Review</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">How to cite TSpace items Always cite the published version, so the author(s) will receive recogni...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">How to cite TSpace items Always cite the published version, so the author(s) will receive recognition through services that track citation counts, e.g. Scopus. If you need to cite the page number of the author manuscript from TSpace because you cannot access the published version, then cite the TSpace version in addition to the published version using the permanent URI (handle) found on the record page. This article was made openly accessible by U of T Faculty. Please tell us how this access benefits you. Your story matters.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="76a359e6d252851032ecf8a11a3ec3fc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184632,"asset_id":123845374,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184632/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845374"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845374"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845374; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845374]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845374]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845374; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845374']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "76a359e6d252851032ecf8a11a3ec3fc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845374]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845374,"title":"The Third-Party Doctrine and the Third Person","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"University of California Press","grobid_abstract":"How to cite TSpace items Always cite the published version, so the author(s) will receive recognition through services that track citation counts, e.g. Scopus. If you need to cite the page number of the author manuscript from TSpace because you cannot access the published version, then cite the TSpace version in addition to the published version using the permanent URI (handle) found on the record page. This article was made openly accessible by U of T Faculty. Please tell us how this access benefits you. Your story matters.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2013,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"New Criminal Law Review","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184632},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845374/The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_Person","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:25.645-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184632,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184632/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stern_20Third_20Party_20Doctrine.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184632/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_P.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184632/Stern_20Third_20Party_20Doctrine-libre.pdf?1726244499=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=KmXAGZA1NuAt7KF1ulw8F4h92zmss3tHMmqCE8e599P~mCPW9DekgAwbo8JFFnLlhcmM9PX2FQbyAO~4tBYL7mnhRLw6oPn0CdEjC7hCfhaLiZvOcvC~zHpOsxu2koMTCPIhhatRCl65rcz7SsHE0o2qskHXaE4rKWJXHflYY3H2ksXt8AjCfi1MqKdLzHELtSJdd77FWdP58YTOuDm8U1ZuyldaFq5vcjSOpgexxMaChIGMhJEy19bN1uKeYKUcW4hsL80TjVLwAahJO3-xNLsqOz57e9Ar8fvZ~3h~HSe6xwVgX9c5rFznsrngVH5b4d6cILEU5b~sl9RwKkI8Bg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_Person","translated_slug":"","page_count":48,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"How to cite TSpace items Always cite the published version, so the author(s) will receive recognition through services that track citation counts, e.g. Scopus. If you need to cite the page number of the author manuscript from TSpace because you cannot access the published version, then cite the TSpace version in addition to the published version using the permanent URI (handle) found on the record page. This article was made openly accessible by U of T Faculty. Please tell us how this access benefits you. Your story matters.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184632,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184632/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stern_20Third_20Party_20Doctrine.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184632/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_P.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184632/Stern_20Third_20Party_20Doctrine-libre.pdf?1726244499=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Third_Party_Doctrine_and_the_Third_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=KmXAGZA1NuAt7KF1ulw8F4h92zmss3tHMmqCE8e599P~mCPW9DekgAwbo8JFFnLlhcmM9PX2FQbyAO~4tBYL7mnhRLw6oPn0CdEjC7hCfhaLiZvOcvC~zHpOsxu2koMTCPIhhatRCl65rcz7SsHE0o2qskHXaE4rKWJXHflYY3H2ksXt8AjCfi1MqKdLzHELtSJdd77FWdP58YTOuDm8U1ZuyldaFq5vcjSOpgexxMaChIGMhJEy19bN1uKeYKUcW4hsL80TjVLwAahJO3-xNLsqOz57e9Ar8fvZ~3h~HSe6xwVgX9c5rFznsrngVH5b4d6cILEU5b~sl9RwKkI8Bg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":535,"name":"Criminal Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Law-1"},{"id":536,"name":"Criminal Procedure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Procedure"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":5513,"name":"Narratology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narratology"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":8475,"name":"Narrative Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Methods"},{"id":19818,"name":"Narrative Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Theory"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":115333,"name":"Analogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analogy"},{"id":413536,"name":"Doctrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doctrine"},{"id":561321,"name":"Appeal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Appeal"},{"id":588804,"name":"Viewpoints","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viewpoints"},{"id":2167157,"name":"Third Party","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Third_Party"}],"urls":[{"id":44648744,"url":"https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/87908/1/Stern%20Third%20Party%20Doctrine.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845373"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845373/Legal_and_Literary_Fictions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Legal and Literary Fictions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184650/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845373/Legal_and_Literary_Fictions">Legal and Literary Fictions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Oxford University Press eBooks</span><span>, Jun 22, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">If law and literature share certain kinds of imaginative capacities, as much recent scholarship c...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">If law and literature share certain kinds of imaginative capacities, as much recent scholarship contends, legal fictions seem to offer a promising means of exploring this kinship, and particularly its narrative dimensions. Commentators on legal fictions often apply the term to doctrines that make the law's image of the world seem fanciful or distorted, with fascinating and often worrisome consequences that form the contours of a story, as the fictional premise yields one bizarre result after another. Jeremy Bentham famously criticized legal fictions of all stripes, insisting that they were invariably "employed … with a bad effect" and that their polluting effects went far beyond the fiction's immediate purpose: "[E]verything is sham that finds its way into that receptacle, as everything is foul that finds its way out of Fleet-ditch into the Thames." 1 More recent commentators do not necessarily share Bentham's antipathy to legal fictions as a class, but many nevertheless share the view that legal fictions proceed from a false premise to produce results that percolate throughout the legal domain, generating an array of consequences that may have no clear stopping point. One scholar, for example, associates legal fictions with "seriously flawed" assumptions whose "premises … inform and shape doctrine in diverse areas of the law." 2 Another writes that "legal fictions allow the courts to tell a story that is imagined," thereby serving to "set norms for human behavior and social conduct" and "work[ing] as support For comments on earlier drafts, thanks to</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="41716d84335ce010f74ed15ac76d56e8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184650,"asset_id":123845373,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184650/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845373"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845373"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845373; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845373]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845373]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845373; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845373']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "41716d84335ce010f74ed15ac76d56e8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845373]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845373,"title":"Legal and Literary Fictions","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","grobid_abstract":"If law and literature share certain kinds of imaginative capacities, as much recent scholarship contends, legal fictions seem to offer a promising means of exploring this kinship, and particularly its narrative dimensions. Commentators on legal fictions often apply the term to doctrines that make the law's image of the world seem fanciful or distorted, with fascinating and often worrisome consequences that form the contours of a story, as the fictional premise yields one bizarre result after another. Jeremy Bentham famously criticized legal fictions of all stripes, insisting that they were invariably \"employed … with a bad effect\" and that their polluting effects went far beyond the fiction's immediate purpose: \"[E]verything is sham that finds its way into that receptacle, as everything is foul that finds its way out of Fleet-ditch into the Thames.\" 1 More recent commentators do not necessarily share Bentham's antipathy to legal fictions as a class, but many nevertheless share the view that legal fictions proceed from a false premise to produce results that percolate throughout the legal domain, generating an array of consequences that may have no clear stopping point. One scholar, for example, associates legal fictions with \"seriously flawed\" assumptions whose \"premises … inform and shape doctrine in diverse areas of the law.\" 2 Another writes that \"legal fictions allow the courts to tell a story that is imagined,\" thereby serving to \"set norms for human behavior and social conduct\" and \"work[ing] as support For comments on earlier drafts, thanks to","publication_date":{"day":22,"month":6,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184650},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845373/Legal_and_Literary_Fictions","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:25.428-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184650,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184650/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"554872114a11c20c353c0709ae41d2f1a569.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184650/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Legal_and_Literary_Fictions.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184650/554872114a11c20c353c0709ae41d2f1a569-libre.pdf?1726244483=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLegal_and_Literary_Fictions.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=dfaveZSp21KspXW6GOKqMT-r7KYjFpkXYWEVMcE77Bbu8YZhTqRb01dPN0vU4p7Fu59GegBd3qiFHycjiP98GWuqau5vmwHGiP8bc76hGURdx59TsdDPWLU1HK0H24gkFmziQivcjHC6N30A4NOgwbV5yRjAcu-ROLuJgasR5FlEj3BUjId6mt2WicRDXGwjciWNH~7BLTJWLt9YzTfmZMtxeeuiMqik-FpWatu61CjxkNecc0V9EU5YFYe2qEn8UTmthYfaffhbyCkvTUWu11rnXooGJotgloMe6MANxBO6~bHhRJTTIKWJdLxMV98c7UO1JmvhSaFjKt061MlqAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Legal_and_Literary_Fictions","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"If law and literature share certain kinds of imaginative capacities, as much recent scholarship contends, legal fictions seem to offer a promising means of exploring this kinship, and particularly its narrative dimensions. Commentators on legal fictions often apply the term to doctrines that make the law's image of the world seem fanciful or distorted, with fascinating and often worrisome consequences that form the contours of a story, as the fictional premise yields one bizarre result after another. Jeremy Bentham famously criticized legal fictions of all stripes, insisting that they were invariably \"employed … with a bad effect\" and that their polluting effects went far beyond the fiction's immediate purpose: \"[E]verything is sham that finds its way into that receptacle, as everything is foul that finds its way out of Fleet-ditch into the Thames.\" 1 More recent commentators do not necessarily share Bentham's antipathy to legal fictions as a class, but many nevertheless share the view that legal fictions proceed from a false premise to produce results that percolate throughout the legal domain, generating an array of consequences that may have no clear stopping point. One scholar, for example, associates legal fictions with \"seriously flawed\" assumptions whose \"premises … inform and shape doctrine in diverse areas of the law.\" 2 Another writes that \"legal fictions allow the courts to tell a story that is imagined,\" thereby serving to \"set norms for human behavior and social conduct\" and \"work[ing] as support For comments on earlier drafts, thanks to","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184650,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184650/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"554872114a11c20c353c0709ae41d2f1a569.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184650/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Legal_and_Literary_Fictions.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184650/554872114a11c20c353c0709ae41d2f1a569-libre.pdf?1726244483=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLegal_and_Literary_Fictions.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=dfaveZSp21KspXW6GOKqMT-r7KYjFpkXYWEVMcE77Bbu8YZhTqRb01dPN0vU4p7Fu59GegBd3qiFHycjiP98GWuqau5vmwHGiP8bc76hGURdx59TsdDPWLU1HK0H24gkFmziQivcjHC6N30A4NOgwbV5yRjAcu-ROLuJgasR5FlEj3BUjId6mt2WicRDXGwjciWNH~7BLTJWLt9YzTfmZMtxeeuiMqik-FpWatu61CjxkNecc0V9EU5YFYe2qEn8UTmthYfaffhbyCkvTUWu11rnXooGJotgloMe6MANxBO6~bHhRJTTIKWJdLxMV98c7UO1JmvhSaFjKt061MlqAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy"},{"id":2418,"name":"Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":231945,"name":"Scholarship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scholarship"},{"id":3185608,"name":"Legal fiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_fiction"}],"urls":[{"id":44648743,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190456368.003.0019"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845372"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845372/Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amendment"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Catastrophic Threats and the Fourth Amendment" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184630/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845372/Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amendment">Catastrophic Threats and the Fourth Amendment</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Science Research Network</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">School; former law clerk to the Honorable Ronald M. Gould, United States Court of Appeals for the...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">School; former law clerk to the Honorable Ronald M. Gould, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 2002-03. We thank Professors Jerold Israel and Yale Kamisar for their thoughtful, substantive comments on an earlier draft of this Article. Judge Gould in particular adds that he is deeply indebted to Professors Israel and Kamisar for their superb teaching at the University of Michigan Law School when he was their student in 1970-73. We also thank Charles Davant IV, Sanne Hjarno Knudsen, and Vikram Varma, Judge Gould's former law clerks in 2002-03, for their review and insightful comments at the inception of this Article. For any deficiencies in the Article, the authors take full responsibility.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="69ae55a7bd14963108adc506ae30d5dd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184630,"asset_id":123845372,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184630/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845372"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845372"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845372; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845372]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845372]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845372; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845372']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "69ae55a7bd14963108adc506ae30d5dd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845372]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845372,"title":"Catastrophic Threats and the Fourth Amendment","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Social Science Electronic Publishing","ai_title_tag":"Fourth Amendment Challenges from Catastrophic Threats","grobid_abstract":"School; former law clerk to the Honorable Ronald M. Gould, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 2002-03. We thank Professors Jerold Israel and Yale Kamisar for their thoughtful, substantive comments on an earlier draft of this Article. Judge Gould in particular adds that he is deeply indebted to Professors Israel and Kamisar for their superb teaching at the University of Michigan Law School when he was their student in 1970-73. We also thank Charles Davant IV, Sanne Hjarno Knudsen, and Vikram Varma, Judge Gould's former law clerks in 2002-03, for their review and insightful comments at the inception of this Article. For any deficiencies in the Article, the authors take full responsibility.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2004,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Social Science Research Network","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184630},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845372/Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amendment","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:25.215-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184630,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184630/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"catastrophic_20-_2077_777.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184630/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184630/catastrophic_20-_2077_777-libre.pdf?1726244488=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCatastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amen.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=RkBkrExzkNQK4ptd~t-HBETBZJTLlNeqeUvQvG3GJmc3bpymcmAbglcXr-r6jNnJgXtVI2dXSpZf-Pfhi1qQ-199Y97zLJ9Xl03WXEAkXGqdYCcmKAqZVnXbppEQT-9t6SPm1b4fNNoOSMhY5wlqVLvqjO7lQlFA2uq3u8HRgAGA9v9Y5E1YvUeM-uWCFWCFPQtNsQo~Rk7njMfPfHOPqbBa9TYhtXFHIeV4SbhEMQlSHoTS-Ae8~mcSOoxdo6DSydGH-l3~rImYQkza6u-~mn1hX1efO7SrCenfsLSdkhK~wlU-gLXJGqz85xvPQ65M3fiJrOhSxGPPn-L1yvMq8A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amendment","translated_slug":"","page_count":58,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"School; former law clerk to the Honorable Ronald M. Gould, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 2002-03. We thank Professors Jerold Israel and Yale Kamisar for their thoughtful, substantive comments on an earlier draft of this Article. Judge Gould in particular adds that he is deeply indebted to Professors Israel and Kamisar for their superb teaching at the University of Michigan Law School when he was their student in 1970-73. We also thank Charles Davant IV, Sanne Hjarno Knudsen, and Vikram Varma, Judge Gould's former law clerks in 2002-03, for their review and insightful comments at the inception of this Article. For any deficiencies in the Article, the authors take full responsibility.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184630,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184630/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"catastrophic_20-_2077_777.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184630/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Catastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184630/catastrophic_20-_2077_777-libre.pdf?1726244488=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCatastrophic_Threats_and_the_Fourth_Amen.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=RkBkrExzkNQK4ptd~t-HBETBZJTLlNeqeUvQvG3GJmc3bpymcmAbglcXr-r6jNnJgXtVI2dXSpZf-Pfhi1qQ-199Y97zLJ9Xl03WXEAkXGqdYCcmKAqZVnXbppEQT-9t6SPm1b4fNNoOSMhY5wlqVLvqjO7lQlFA2uq3u8HRgAGA9v9Y5E1YvUeM-uWCFWCFPQtNsQo~Rk7njMfPfHOPqbBa9TYhtXFHIeV4SbhEMQlSHoTS-Ae8~mcSOoxdo6DSydGH-l3~rImYQkza6u-~mn1hX1efO7SrCenfsLSdkhK~wlU-gLXJGqz85xvPQ65M3fiJrOhSxGPPn-L1yvMq8A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":14825,"name":"Supreme Court","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supreme_Court"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":362249,"name":"Wonder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wonder"},{"id":396772,"name":"Harm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Harm"},{"id":413536,"name":"Doctrine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doctrine"},{"id":599789,"name":"Search and Seizure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Search_and_Seizure"},{"id":2598701,"name":"probable cause","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/probable_cause"},{"id":2598843,"name":"reasonable suspicion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/reasonable_suspicion"}],"urls":[{"id":44648742,"url":"https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/89379/1/catastrophic%20-%2077_777.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845371"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845371/Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_Immorality_in_The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Wilde’s Obscenity Effect: Influence and Immorality in The Picture of Dorian Gray" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184666/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845371/Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_Immorality_in_The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray">Wilde’s Obscenity Effect: Influence and Immorality in The Picture of Dorian Gray</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Review of English Studies</span><span>, Apr 6, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Wilde's three trials in 1895 served, in effect, as an obscenity prosecution of The Picture of Dor...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Wilde's three trials in 1895 served, in effect, as an obscenity prosecution of The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890/1). Though the novel was not formally charged with obscenity, Dorian Gray's first reviewers suggested that it was obscene, and the book was not reprinted in Britain for nearly two decades after Wilde's trials. The novel's relation to Wilde's trials thus raises a number of questions about the use of fiction as legal evidence and about the ways in which a criminal prosecution might be taken to reveal the meaning of the defendant's writings. This article discusses the late Victorian campaign against obscene literature and the victims of that campaign; the reviews of the original version of Dorian Gray (in Lippincott's Magazine, 1890); the oblique manner in which the innuendo about its obscenity functioned during Wilde's three trials (1895); Wilde's own ironic engagement, at several key points in the novel, with the conception of influence at work in the legal test governing the evaluation of obscenity (R. v. Hicklin, 1868); the relation of the painting itself, and of the notorious French novel that Dorian borrows from Lord Henry, to that conception of influence; and Wilde's reenactment of his ironic perspective at the narrative level.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a9be75dbd1f2a1de6ee563a21b48343b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184666,"asset_id":123845371,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184666/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845371"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845371"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845371; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845371]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845371]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845371; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845371']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a9be75dbd1f2a1de6ee563a21b48343b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845371]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845371,"title":"Wilde’s Obscenity Effect: Influence and Immorality in The Picture of Dorian Gray","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","grobid_abstract":"Wilde's three trials in 1895 served, in effect, as an obscenity prosecution of The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890/1). Though the novel was not formally charged with obscenity, Dorian Gray's first reviewers suggested that it was obscene, and the book was not reprinted in Britain for nearly two decades after Wilde's trials. The novel's relation to Wilde's trials thus raises a number of questions about the use of fiction as legal evidence and about the ways in which a criminal prosecution might be taken to reveal the meaning of the defendant's writings. This article discusses the late Victorian campaign against obscene literature and the victims of that campaign; the reviews of the original version of Dorian Gray (in Lippincott's Magazine, 1890); the oblique manner in which the innuendo about its obscenity functioned during Wilde's three trials (1895); Wilde's own ironic engagement, at several key points in the novel, with the conception of influence at work in the legal test governing the evaluation of obscenity (R. v. Hicklin, 1868); the relation of the painting itself, and of the notorious French novel that Dorian borrows from Lord Henry, to that conception of influence; and Wilde's reenactment of his ironic perspective at the narrative level.","publication_date":{"day":6,"month":4,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Review of English Studies","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184666},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845371/Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_Immorality_in_The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:24.973-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184666,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184666/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Wildes_20Obscenity_20Effect.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184666/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_I.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184666/Wildes_20Obscenity_20Effect-libre.pdf?1726244476=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_I.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=MlbAKjbSI5dmFPVylQ~NNj0VLqAnaDI9VUhymzPrsA2YB~AxmR79ZCKauNNRBQUHyyTuU8twKeQMxfs~c2aHqQRyoFfZvMil40ojCVZXVv40sGAJzQI6hHzz4s8NEX3rhMdDOP-sJCu~s20Ut0l7p5DyqAOLOipwhIG3KRHrepnaywFwwoo663ijCaZv2Bgc3haxPYw0~HXuom2XhHSlMx-JiYuPfJH2zOkiuprVK9R7mMLESM1xEdyFjLFUjt4xanD8TN3Sdp9Y2fAAhcIESNfWJRooDohedwEV27BE0yWrxLcbukpPoy7oh96Q3T2OeSd29JGbzexkyiXMwVpfJA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_Immorality_in_The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Wilde's three trials in 1895 served, in effect, as an obscenity prosecution of The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890/1). Though the novel was not formally charged with obscenity, Dorian Gray's first reviewers suggested that it was obscene, and the book was not reprinted in Britain for nearly two decades after Wilde's trials. The novel's relation to Wilde's trials thus raises a number of questions about the use of fiction as legal evidence and about the ways in which a criminal prosecution might be taken to reveal the meaning of the defendant's writings. This article discusses the late Victorian campaign against obscene literature and the victims of that campaign; the reviews of the original version of Dorian Gray (in Lippincott's Magazine, 1890); the oblique manner in which the innuendo about its obscenity functioned during Wilde's three trials (1895); Wilde's own ironic engagement, at several key points in the novel, with the conception of influence at work in the legal test governing the evaluation of obscenity (R. v. Hicklin, 1868); the relation of the painting itself, and of the notorious French novel that Dorian borrows from Lord Henry, to that conception of influence; and Wilde's reenactment of his ironic perspective at the narrative level.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184666,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184666/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Wildes_20Obscenity_20Effect.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184666/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Wilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_I.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184666/Wildes_20Obscenity_20Effect-libre.pdf?1726244476=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWilde_s_Obscenity_Effect_Influence_and_I.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=MlbAKjbSI5dmFPVylQ~NNj0VLqAnaDI9VUhymzPrsA2YB~AxmR79ZCKauNNRBQUHyyTuU8twKeQMxfs~c2aHqQRyoFfZvMil40ojCVZXVv40sGAJzQI6hHzz4s8NEX3rhMdDOP-sJCu~s20Ut0l7p5DyqAOLOipwhIG3KRHrepnaywFwwoo663ijCaZv2Bgc3haxPYw0~HXuom2XhHSlMx-JiYuPfJH2zOkiuprVK9R7mMLESM1xEdyFjLFUjt4xanD8TN3Sdp9Y2fAAhcIESNfWJRooDohedwEV27BE0yWrxLcbukpPoy7oh96Q3T2OeSd29JGbzexkyiXMwVpfJA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":885,"name":"English Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Literature"},{"id":2326,"name":"Nineteenth Century Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nineteenth_Century_Studies"},{"id":2418,"name":"Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":3767,"name":"Law and Society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Society"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":10322,"name":"Nineteenth Century British History and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nineteenth_Century_British_History_and_Culture"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":21421,"name":"Law and culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_culture"},{"id":52408,"name":"Literary studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_studies"},{"id":52690,"name":"History of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Law"},{"id":56281,"name":"English language and literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language_and_literature"},{"id":83102,"name":"Obscenity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Obscenity"},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies"},{"id":278870,"name":"English Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Studies"},{"id":2228957,"name":"Immorality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immorality"}],"urls":[{"id":44648741,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/res/hgx035"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845370"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845370/Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opinions_and_Their_Narratives_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Narrative in the Legal Text: Judicial Opinions and Their Narratives*" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184648/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845370/Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opinions_and_Their_Narratives_">Narrative in the Legal Text: Judicial Opinions and Their Narratives*</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cambridge University Press eBooks</span><span>, Feb 2, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Please refer to the published version to quote or cite: https://books.google.ca/books?id=NP5DDwAA...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Please refer to the published version to quote or cite: <a href="https://books.google.ca/books?id=NP5DDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA121&dq=%22Judicial+Opinions+and+The" rel="nofollow">https://books.google.ca/books?id=NP5DDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA121&dq=%22Judicial+Opinions+and+The</a> ir+Narratives%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI1piyuqjYAhUI0YMKHf2kA4QQ6AEIKTAA#v=one page&q=%22Judicial%20Opinions%20and%20Their%20Narratives%22&f=false Abstract: the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrativenamely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and reflecting on others' mental states, which accounts for a considerable part of fiction's cognitive appeal. The absence of these features should alert us to the questionable premises underlying any treatment of the judgment as simply one more form of narrative, whose fundamental similarity to novels and films can be taken for granted. Using a few fundamental concepts in the study of narrative, involving the definition of plot and the power of the "reality effect" (whose analogue, I propose, is the "legality effect"), this chapter asks what we can learn about legal decisions by considering them as a distinctive kind of narrative, rather than summarily lumping them together with literary narratives. Narrative is essential to numerous aspects of legal practice and writing, from pleading and negotiation to the interpretation of evidence and conflict resolution. Indeed, one of the earliest senses of narrator in English, dating from the thirteenth century, refers to a pleader or serjeant-at-law tasked with reciting a party's statement. 1 Yet the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrative-namely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and 1</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="26e8ddd45f00c54fcc3524c08c01e007" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184648,"asset_id":123845370,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184648/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845370"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845370"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845370; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845370]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845370]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845370; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845370']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "26e8ddd45f00c54fcc3524c08c01e007" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845370]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845370,"title":"Narrative in the Legal Text: Judicial Opinions and Their Narratives*","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Cambridge University Press","grobid_abstract":"Please refer to the published version to quote or cite: https://books.google.ca/books?id=NP5DDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PA121\u0026dq=%22Judicial+Opinions+and+The ir+Narratives%22\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=0ahUKEwiI1piyuqjYAhUI0YMKHf2kA4QQ6AEIKTAA#v=one page\u0026q=%22Judicial%20Opinions%20and%20Their%20Narratives%22\u0026f=false Abstract: the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrativenamely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and reflecting on others' mental states, which accounts for a considerable part of fiction's cognitive appeal. The absence of these features should alert us to the questionable premises underlying any treatment of the judgment as simply one more form of narrative, whose fundamental similarity to novels and films can be taken for granted. Using a few fundamental concepts in the study of narrative, involving the definition of plot and the power of the \"reality effect\" (whose analogue, I propose, is the \"legality effect\"), this chapter asks what we can learn about legal decisions by considering them as a distinctive kind of narrative, rather than summarily lumping them together with literary narratives. Narrative is essential to numerous aspects of legal practice and writing, from pleading and negotiation to the interpretation of evidence and conflict resolution. Indeed, one of the earliest senses of narrator in English, dating from the thirteenth century, refers to a pleader or serjeant-at-law tasked with reciting a party's statement. 1 Yet the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrative-namely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and 1","publication_date":{"day":2,"month":2,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184648},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845370/Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opinions_and_Their_Narratives_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:24.752-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184648,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184648/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ae55206d57e71a9936a5c48f590063e4f969.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184648/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184648/ae55206d57e71a9936a5c48f590063e4f969-libre.pdf?1726244494=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNarrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opi.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=XFLap6x4qRX4QNclGs0SEsftrt6XPo9DXyfO9ccFIjNiL9ruNk9nRLtdmK63TfPpXHGuklqaoKjUcAw1nNJJsTNHoiyyKbuTWbg~fwot~vIR53Gfqudu0W9kBlU3Y1DPujmrUiY-VIj9lgKp6wQt-To4lvfwxJU56Ser1uuTGb1DfpdPJqZFUt3xi-ujP4Vhxa18xxImC2nNk0wFsLLW1zjeHuVq7zq9MlSMEXs-oTeBnWDoTIaeYrW1hXPdM2TRmuF~4aJv--zHugsuHkyLFyHeoZCWo-NPoheY6yknfYoGhS08TBK8dAYaYk-WZY7fYtRkbQ5KJs4NHrpsVTwvDA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opinions_and_Their_Narratives_","translated_slug":"","page_count":23,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Please refer to the published version to quote or cite: https://books.google.ca/books?id=NP5DDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PA121\u0026dq=%22Judicial+Opinions+and+The ir+Narratives%22\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=0ahUKEwiI1piyuqjYAhUI0YMKHf2kA4QQ6AEIKTAA#v=one page\u0026q=%22Judicial%20Opinions%20and%20Their%20Narratives%22\u0026f=false Abstract: the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrativenamely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and reflecting on others' mental states, which accounts for a considerable part of fiction's cognitive appeal. The absence of these features should alert us to the questionable premises underlying any treatment of the judgment as simply one more form of narrative, whose fundamental similarity to novels and films can be taken for granted. Using a few fundamental concepts in the study of narrative, involving the definition of plot and the power of the \"reality effect\" (whose analogue, I propose, is the \"legality effect\"), this chapter asks what we can learn about legal decisions by considering them as a distinctive kind of narrative, rather than summarily lumping them together with literary narratives. Narrative is essential to numerous aspects of legal practice and writing, from pleading and negotiation to the interpretation of evidence and conflict resolution. Indeed, one of the earliest senses of narrator in English, dating from the thirteenth century, refers to a pleader or serjeant-at-law tasked with reciting a party's statement. 1 Yet the law's most familiar and characteristic mode of written expression, the judgment, lacks two of the key ingredients that contribute to the lure of literary narrative-namely, the drive, fueled by uncertainty and anticipation, that propels readers on towards the conclusion, and the pleasure of observing and 1","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184648,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184648/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ae55206d57e71a9936a5c48f590063e4f969.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184648/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Narrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184648/ae55206d57e71a9936a5c48f590063e4f969-libre.pdf?1726244494=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNarrative_in_the_Legal_Text_Judicial_Opi.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=XFLap6x4qRX4QNclGs0SEsftrt6XPo9DXyfO9ccFIjNiL9ruNk9nRLtdmK63TfPpXHGuklqaoKjUcAw1nNJJsTNHoiyyKbuTWbg~fwot~vIR53Gfqudu0W9kBlU3Y1DPujmrUiY-VIj9lgKp6wQt-To4lvfwxJU56Ser1uuTGb1DfpdPJqZFUt3xi-ujP4Vhxa18xxImC2nNk0wFsLLW1zjeHuVq7zq9MlSMEXs-oTeBnWDoTIaeYrW1hXPdM2TRmuF~4aJv--zHugsuHkyLFyHeoZCWo-NPoheY6yknfYoGhS08TBK8dAYaYk-WZY7fYtRkbQ5KJs4NHrpsVTwvDA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":5248,"name":"Legal Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Theory"},{"id":7724,"name":"Law and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Literature"},{"id":11070,"name":"Pleasure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pleasure"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":252250,"name":"Principle of Legality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Principle_of_Legality"},{"id":561321,"name":"Appeal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Appeal"}],"urls":[{"id":44648740,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108381734.009"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845369"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845369/Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Politics_Debating_Rationales_for_Jury_Nullification_after_Bushells_Case"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Between Local Knowledge and National Politics: Debating Rationales for Jury Nullification after Bushell's Case" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184634/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845369/Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Politics_Debating_Rationales_for_Jury_Nullification_after_Bushells_Case">Between Local Knowledge and National Politics: Debating Rationales for Jury Nullification after Bushell's Case</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Yale Law Journal</span><span>, May 1, 2002</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Sir John Vaughan's opinion in Bushell's Case' constitutes an important milestone in the history o...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Sir John Vaughan's opinion in Bushell's Case' constitutes an important milestone in the history of jury nullification in Anglo-American law. In ruling that jurors may not be fined or imprisoned for returning a verdict that conflicts with the judge's assessment of the evidence, Vaughan made a formative contribution to our understanding of the jury's independence, and his opinion continues to be cited in discussions of this issue. 2 Vaughan did not defend nullification: His opinion nowhere speaks of a juror's right to disregard the law or to find according to "conscience," a term that some</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f40fe0b6b130c3c3bb54e55625f936b8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184634,"asset_id":123845369,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184634/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845369"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845369"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845369; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845369]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845369]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845369; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845369']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f40fe0b6b130c3c3bb54e55625f936b8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845369]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845369,"title":"Between Local Knowledge and National Politics: Debating Rationales for Jury Nullification after Bushell's Case","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"The Yale Law Journal Company","grobid_abstract":"Sir John Vaughan's opinion in Bushell's Case' constitutes an important milestone in the history of jury nullification in Anglo-American law. In ruling that jurors may not be fined or imprisoned for returning a verdict that conflicts with the judge's assessment of the evidence, Vaughan made a formative contribution to our understanding of the jury's independence, and his opinion continues to be cited in discussions of this issue. 2 Vaughan did not defend nullification: His opinion nowhere speaks of a juror's right to disregard the law or to find according to \"conscience,\" a term that some","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":5,"year":2002,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Yale Law Journal","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184634},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845369/Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Politics_Debating_Rationales_for_Jury_Nullification_after_Bushells_Case","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:24.339-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184634,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184634/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184634/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184634/51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_-libre.pdf?1726244498=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBetween_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=eBE7XncpJiIwbRivbWBmQ2IIHbXSRhtSyTA11AwjGafE-KDgYXNxLgrCyZkzqGI2lMn2ERQeCLZdAqx5AViokkTL4uGI-1S2pyHQejqOZ2hh~oywdDMPCl0MUoJ~DJiUARV0AoiCp9YRyxU2GxZfan6BMNKgmrleyiB5G5kwz6cMRL2UcdgN6-G69nz~lrk52mX~t3qhGM9zUg3WMsT2ydz9uGu9e3Y3B8j7N-6rW5h~ZrUyIbhk-heTIgjLuIsuKkRLq66ftBVEO36JZlBvFSnlqxRnYTmjXxEAiXHZJ-Mslqo6tS6d0kgXfHUa76U4eP5UZCdXUl0Luj1hzMnHzA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Politics_Debating_Rationales_for_Jury_Nullification_after_Bushells_Case","translated_slug":"","page_count":46,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Sir John Vaughan's opinion in Bushell's Case' constitutes an important milestone in the history of jury nullification in Anglo-American law. In ruling that jurors may not be fined or imprisoned for returning a verdict that conflicts with the judge's assessment of the evidence, Vaughan made a formative contribution to our understanding of the jury's independence, and his opinion continues to be cited in discussions of this issue. 2 Vaughan did not defend nullification: His opinion nowhere speaks of a juror's right to disregard the law or to find according to \"conscience,\" a term that some","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184634,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184634/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184634/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184634/51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_-libre.pdf?1726244498=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBetween_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=eBE7XncpJiIwbRivbWBmQ2IIHbXSRhtSyTA11AwjGafE-KDgYXNxLgrCyZkzqGI2lMn2ERQeCLZdAqx5AViokkTL4uGI-1S2pyHQejqOZ2hh~oywdDMPCl0MUoJ~DJiUARV0AoiCp9YRyxU2GxZfan6BMNKgmrleyiB5G5kwz6cMRL2UcdgN6-G69nz~lrk52mX~t3qhGM9zUg3WMsT2ydz9uGu9e3Y3B8j7N-6rW5h~ZrUyIbhk-heTIgjLuIsuKkRLq66ftBVEO36JZlBvFSnlqxRnYTmjXxEAiXHZJ-Mslqo6tS6d0kgXfHUa76U4eP5UZCdXUl0Luj1hzMnHzA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":118184633,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184633/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184633/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Between_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184633/51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_-libre.pdf?1726244502=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBetween_Local_Knowledge_and_National_Pol.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=gQYFzOUeBv5p7xxfelfcE0pHNZya2o3FlAkhUjBnS1clWD5jof4b0JK7jbsh7g0ioDz21fEyt3Fs24atWUAiX0elJeKBhyDoNOoYS~0lcuD2pApYJsxKGCu36twX3S0IFFE3nFBp0wu72dvmcZkWF4X3jnS-6Fva8YcT60q71XEXsSUN-BjE4bMpYqNcpbhp-UM2MEf2LCO2mXbJ8~QGEve5CESk~Kl~K6EzcRnD4TluPG6zQpGRVjLxL01S~kDKiGpHEL2PSskm03g3lj9WJvR56jdrOWVSW5WC55QCt8Dq1lT6xgM95a0Cp8Z7idBzVEJD1iufAlfVMe6PdCgy4Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":3680,"name":"Courts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Courts"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":5709,"name":"Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics"},{"id":19084,"name":"Juries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Juries"},{"id":591831,"name":"Jury","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jury"},{"id":906168,"name":"Yale Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yale_Law"},{"id":2902951,"name":"Nullification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nullification"}],"urls":[{"id":44648739,"url":"https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/20.500.13051/9411/2/51_111YaleLJ1815_May2002_.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845368"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845368/Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_technology_and_the_law"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Introduction: Artificial intelligence, technology, and the law" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184647/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845368/Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_technology_and_the_law">Introduction: Artificial intelligence, technology, and the law</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>University of Toronto Law Journal</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The contributions to this special issue of the UTLJ are based on articles originally presented at...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The contributions to this special issue of the UTLJ are based on articles originally presented at the conference. Some of the speakers discussed the kinds of tasks that machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) can perform, when used to conduct legal research, to identify biases and discrepancies at the doctrinal level and in the performance of lawyers and judges, and to facilitate access to justice for those who cannot readily afford legal services. Other speakers considered the challenges that algorithms based on ML and NLP pose to democratic conceptions of legal authority. Taken together, the articles offered a range of views on the prospects and perils of AI for the practice of law and for the legal system as a whole. This introduction briefly describes the contributions, moving roughly from the more theoretical to the more concrete aspects of these issues.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="42f043bd911d7ceea33ec112703decf3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184647,"asset_id":123845368,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184647/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845368"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845368"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845368; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845368]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845368]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845368; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845368']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "42f043bd911d7ceea33ec112703decf3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845368]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845368,"title":"Introduction: Artificial intelligence, technology, and the law","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"University of Toronto Press","grobid_abstract":"The contributions to this special issue of the UTLJ are based on articles originally presented at the conference. Some of the speakers discussed the kinds of tasks that machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) can perform, when used to conduct legal research, to identify biases and discrepancies at the doctrinal level and in the performance of lawyers and judges, and to facilitate access to justice for those who cannot readily afford legal services. Other speakers considered the challenges that algorithms based on ML and NLP pose to democratic conceptions of legal authority. Taken together, the articles offered a range of views on the prospects and perils of AI for the practice of law and for the legal system as a whole. This introduction briefly describes the contributions, moving roughly from the more theoretical to the more concrete aspects of these issues.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"University of Toronto Law Journal","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184647},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845368/Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_technology_and_the_law","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:24.089-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184647,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184647/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"utlj.2017-010220240913-1-e2sznp.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184647/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_tec.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184647/utlj.2017-010220240913-1-e2sznp-libre.pdf?1726244476=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntroduction_Artificial_intelligence_tec.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736601\u0026Signature=DAZgXYSkmrObUH~UJsxj6Pbvp1U2PnpqRKqTyBVkaff2CWCnTX2UVYhXAqa2v-PC7nMnFSlsteOtpX2NS9qMBMwaqfZITvvZ4EH8NcuzIal2eAfQRO6MZdPy4DY2o6qMDmriF5lBs~qGaR2VHDvV63MQGLMZWeaRh8t-9jc2~cWlQySBcwTKuTvNzAbzYWr9ajBiH5BciuXbydw7rHT4LIElB2QnZNk0Tltik04J6tKKjouSuavGNo9rzbq67GzYs8DK4HsPnQaduwubBnQckh4rCAGYqBj8jgCsGAdcPIGioNwZO8X373nDMvS4i0tYl34wK4qskaPRSloCZztthQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_technology_and_the_law","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The contributions to this special issue of the UTLJ are based on articles originally presented at the conference. Some of the speakers discussed the kinds of tasks that machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) can perform, when used to conduct legal research, to identify biases and discrepancies at the doctrinal level and in the performance of lawyers and judges, and to facilitate access to justice for those who cannot readily afford legal services. Other speakers considered the challenges that algorithms based on ML and NLP pose to democratic conceptions of legal authority. Taken together, the articles offered a range of views on the prospects and perils of AI for the practice of law and for the legal system as a whole. This introduction briefly describes the contributions, moving roughly from the more theoretical to the more concrete aspects of these issues.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184647,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184647/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"utlj.2017-010220240913-1-e2sznp.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184647/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Introduction_Artificial_intelligence_tec.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184647/utlj.2017-010220240913-1-e2sznp-libre.pdf?1726244476=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIntroduction_Artificial_intelligence_tec.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736602\u0026Signature=VoVS5S-4qOljwzEeZ0h8o5hPRdZHa5BVwQ7S4ytplaiMActjt6Ep4zji0ezvS3miCfjp4jy-Xw8lrwvddqmN0MCr7PBVhcpxrUzu5vc5xuottY22GuXl7VUuvb6zOeoMKi4MICXzbtzkE4tg-JU5PHE9iHthb40qtV0SqV01rP2459dcMIt720BRkAO9EEgPW1CGTeJY0OePA7gZpL8SgRLF37RQySdbXdYICMw8h1ibH3W1DPbvtq96T5edKdvE1PMY7~0x9iADgaBEH0h8hBBjzeEShlKjf7qeZ0pKqqLAHUrFjNkSjIzuVnfdGQ~G6Da70qFqEaG0G779xjcV5A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":5793,"name":"Economic Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Justice"},{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy"},{"id":20078,"name":"Legal research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_research"},{"id":42433,"name":"Legal Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Writing"}],"urls":[{"id":44648738,"url":"https://doi.org/10.3138/utlj.2017-0102"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845367"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845367/From_author_s_right_to_property_right"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of From author’s right to property right" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184628/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845367/From_author_s_right_to_property_right">From author’s right to property right</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>University of Toronto Law Journal</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Though copyright is usually categorized as a property right, efforts to justify copyright on othe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Though copyright is usually categorized as a property right, efforts to justify copyright on other grounds have persisted since the eighteenth century. The Lockean defence, based on the author's labour, is usually seen as conducive to a property right but is sometimes linked instead (or in addition) to a personality right. I explore another approach that has been analysed in the doctrinal literature, but that has received less attention from historians of English copyright law. This approach focuses on the author's dignitary rights, including communicative rights (bearing on who controls the public presentation of the text), and reputational rights (bearing on the text's appearance and its status as a reflection of the author). By contrast with the labour theory, the dignitary view of copyright is harder to reconcile with a property right although, as I show, eighteenth-century advocates of strong copyright protection sought to assimilate this view into the property framework. The Statute of Anne (1710) sought to accommodate the competing needs of authors, publishers, and the public. Its protections did not affiliate copyright with a property framework, as the publishing industry would have liked. In the course of the eighteenth century, dignitary concerns jostled with property claims as litigants argued over statutory protection. To explore the relations among these arguments, I reexamine the Statute of Anne and four of the major contemporary copyright judgments: Burnet v Chetwood (1721), Pope v Curll (1741), Millar v Taylor (1769) and Donaldson v Becket (1774). Each of these cases reveals new dimensions when examined through the lens of dignitary concerns. By studying these materials, we can gain a better understanding of how the property-based view took hold during a vital period in the formation of copyright law. This development, in turn, helps to explain two of the most distinctive features in the recent history of copyright law: the ever-widening reach of derivative rights and the ever-lengthening term of protection.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d94ccba27cedd29f37549c181e3795af" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184628,"asset_id":123845367,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184628/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845367"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845367"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845367; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845367]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845367]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845367; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845367']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d94ccba27cedd29f37549c181e3795af" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845367]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845367,"title":"From author’s right to property right","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"University of Toronto Press","grobid_abstract":"Though copyright is usually categorized as a property right, efforts to justify copyright on other grounds have persisted since the eighteenth century. The Lockean defence, based on the author's labour, is usually seen as conducive to a property right but is sometimes linked instead (or in addition) to a personality right. I explore another approach that has been analysed in the doctrinal literature, but that has received less attention from historians of English copyright law. This approach focuses on the author's dignitary rights, including communicative rights (bearing on who controls the public presentation of the text), and reputational rights (bearing on the text's appearance and its status as a reflection of the author). By contrast with the labour theory, the dignitary view of copyright is harder to reconcile with a property right although, as I show, eighteenth-century advocates of strong copyright protection sought to assimilate this view into the property framework. The Statute of Anne (1710) sought to accommodate the competing needs of authors, publishers, and the public. Its protections did not affiliate copyright with a property framework, as the publishing industry would have liked. In the course of the eighteenth century, dignitary concerns jostled with property claims as litigants argued over statutory protection. To explore the relations among these arguments, I reexamine the Statute of Anne and four of the major contemporary copyright judgments: Burnet v Chetwood (1721), Pope v Curll (1741), Millar v Taylor (1769) and Donaldson v Becket (1774). Each of these cases reveals new dimensions when examined through the lens of dignitary concerns. By studying these materials, we can gain a better understanding of how the property-based view took hold during a vital period in the formation of copyright law. This development, in turn, helps to explain two of the most distinctive features in the recent history of copyright law: the ever-widening reach of derivative rights and the ever-lengthening term of protection.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2012,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"University of Toronto Law Journal","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184628},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845367/From_author_s_right_to_property_right","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:23.781-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184628,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184628/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stern_20-_20Authors_20-_20UTLJ.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184628/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"From_author_s_right_to_property_right.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184628/Stern_20-_20Authors_20-_20UTLJ-libre.pdf?1726244498=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFrom_author_s_right_to_property_right.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=QGS3cNkcVmgdOI1E3sSInVUSslHhT9S9~KZYfgEn7ayT7tYp~tGx3RcLcZQvXQM0za2k1SRgW73VRKT7xqEGbmqQj~2ilXyaB~e3D15BeNGYTsUfG~5sJyMSu4ynBgyhNGAQ6wkIvb6ZWp7g6tV7xeW5Awkfsu0TnGhiDsf0bkWBx47neFqPLVnmGsgBbyh4aftYMCGEZLgaSNU95v9yjlxdBgWBR7MCMRhxhnH~cq8Adtt2UTU9GfPFEaGU9O2CtEr1ZhuiwbL6qgsjpBc45pvoKmwyY9OmPe7IkXW9jibSfaLlrrvrCI0y7C0FzX4JeZKlcj1bguX38PL~dnesZg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"From_author_s_right_to_property_right","translated_slug":"","page_count":63,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Though copyright is usually categorized as a property right, efforts to justify copyright on other grounds have persisted since the eighteenth century. The Lockean defence, based on the author's labour, is usually seen as conducive to a property right but is sometimes linked instead (or in addition) to a personality right. I explore another approach that has been analysed in the doctrinal literature, but that has received less attention from historians of English copyright law. This approach focuses on the author's dignitary rights, including communicative rights (bearing on who controls the public presentation of the text), and reputational rights (bearing on the text's appearance and its status as a reflection of the author). By contrast with the labour theory, the dignitary view of copyright is harder to reconcile with a property right although, as I show, eighteenth-century advocates of strong copyright protection sought to assimilate this view into the property framework. The Statute of Anne (1710) sought to accommodate the competing needs of authors, publishers, and the public. Its protections did not affiliate copyright with a property framework, as the publishing industry would have liked. In the course of the eighteenth century, dignitary concerns jostled with property claims as litigants argued over statutory protection. To explore the relations among these arguments, I reexamine the Statute of Anne and four of the major contemporary copyright judgments: Burnet v Chetwood (1721), Pope v Curll (1741), Millar v Taylor (1769) and Donaldson v Becket (1774). Each of these cases reveals new dimensions when examined through the lens of dignitary concerns. By studying these materials, we can gain a better understanding of how the property-based view took hold during a vital period in the formation of copyright law. This development, in turn, helps to explain two of the most distinctive features in the recent history of copyright law: the ever-widening reach of derivative rights and the ever-lengthening term of protection.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184628,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184628/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stern_20-_20Authors_20-_20UTLJ.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184628/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"From_author_s_right_to_property_right.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184628/Stern_20-_20Authors_20-_20UTLJ-libre.pdf?1726244498=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFrom_author_s_right_to_property_right.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=QGS3cNkcVmgdOI1E3sSInVUSslHhT9S9~KZYfgEn7ayT7tYp~tGx3RcLcZQvXQM0za2k1SRgW73VRKT7xqEGbmqQj~2ilXyaB~e3D15BeNGYTsUfG~5sJyMSu4ynBgyhNGAQ6wkIvb6ZWp7g6tV7xeW5Awkfsu0TnGhiDsf0bkWBx47neFqPLVnmGsgBbyh4aftYMCGEZLgaSNU95v9yjlxdBgWBR7MCMRhxhnH~cq8Adtt2UTU9GfPFEaGU9O2CtEr1ZhuiwbL6qgsjpBc45pvoKmwyY9OmPe7IkXW9jibSfaLlrrvrCI0y7C0FzX4JeZKlcj1bguX38PL~dnesZg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":118184627,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184627/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Stern_20-_20Authors_20-_20UTLJ.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184627/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"From_author_s_right_to_property_right.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184627/Stern_20-_20Authors_20-_20UTLJ-libre.pdf?1726244499=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DFrom_author_s_right_to_property_right.pdf\u0026Expires=1738685342\u0026Signature=eqf6HWriyKVcSsc78oKeC01BKc7ErrqpzZcXlVjOcYWhKujrAJEMByLtb-O4XNZ6iOzC2C1dVSrwDZDWh7KH~GgGK4EBOu3AAnVyNJYJT5nd5Sb8WuIkYDAogZ8k-n7NsfYUfLEpU4JtA-S-hRXw2htcQzWLdb52MxyXbiO-NdsDzm8~JSqdw1lWcYyXte8e-z-0OeGGW807A3l8-lKQBcFeAV5SVXN9IQ6jLkPsoIFgD1BSrdZtlecj-nLczJxgTDQmtZXLfdmB6fWlEonvIWrI9rgJeB8QUWuUDfdFnKJqbnwdycQwMkBIiew0AC7XQcuas9KzmzWadpnUgvmMqg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":2961,"name":"Property Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Property_Rights"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"},{"id":7495,"name":"Law and Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Economics"},{"id":7685,"name":"Copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright"},{"id":13151,"name":"Intellectual Property Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property_Law"},{"id":14193,"name":"Philosophy of Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Property"},{"id":90776,"name":"Copyright Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copyright_Law"},{"id":252009,"name":"Eighteenth Century British History and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eighteenth_Century_British_History_and_Culture"},{"id":632418,"name":"Statutory law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statutory_law"},{"id":999732,"name":"Statute","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statute"}],"urls":[{"id":44648737,"url":"https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/78262/1/Stern%20-%20Authors%20-%20UTLJ.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845366"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845366/Forensic_oratory_and_the_jury_trial_in_nineteenth_century_America"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Forensic oratory and the jury trial in nineteenth-century America" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184649/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845366/Forensic_oratory_and_the_jury_trial_in_nineteenth_century_America">Forensic oratory and the jury trial in nineteenth-century America</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Comparative legal history</span><span>, Jul 3, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the American jury trial was a form of popular amuseme...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the American jury trial was a form of popular amusement, rivalling the theatre and often likened to it. The jury's ability to find law, as well as facts, was widely if inconsistently defended. These features were consistent with a view of forensic oratory that emphasized histrionics, declamation and emotionally charged rhetoric as means of legal persuasion. By the end of the century, judges had gained more control of the law-finding power and various questions of fact had been transformed into questions of law. Many of the details that would have aided the lawyers' dramatic efforts were screened out by a host of new exclusionary rules. These changes in forensic style may have helped to facilitate the decline of the trial, by reorienting its function away from a broadly representative one and towards one that emphasized dispassionate analysis in the service of objectivity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5e81759d50e648ea764aa8e9a2bd3400" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118184649,"asset_id":123845366,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184649/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845366"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845366"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845366; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845366]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845366]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845366; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845366']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5e81759d50e648ea764aa8e9a2bd3400" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845366]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845366,"title":"Forensic oratory and the jury trial in nineteenth-century America","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","ai_title_tag":"Forensic Oratory in 19th Century Jury Trials","grobid_abstract":"At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the American jury trial was a form of popular amusement, rivalling the theatre and often likened to it. The jury's ability to find law, as well as facts, was widely if inconsistently defended. These features were consistent with a view of forensic oratory that emphasized histrionics, declamation and emotionally charged rhetoric as means of legal persuasion. By the end of the century, judges had gained more control of the law-finding power and various questions of fact had been transformed into questions of law. Many of the details that would have aided the lawyers' dramatic efforts were screened out by a host of new exclusionary rules. These changes in forensic style may have helped to facilitate the decline of the trial, by reorienting its function away from a broadly representative one and towards one that emphasized dispassionate analysis in the service of objectivity.","publication_date":{"day":3,"month":7,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Comparative legal history","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118184649},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845366/Forensic_oratory_and_the_jury_trial_in_nineteenth_century_America","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-09-13T09:03:23.560-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118184649,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184649/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Forensic_20Oratory_20-_20Comp_20Leg_20Hist_203-2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184649/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Forensic_oratory_and_the_jury_trial_in_n.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184649/Forensic_20Oratory_20-_20Comp_20Leg_20Hist_203-2-libre.pdf?1726244478=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DForensic_oratory_and_the_jury_trial_in_n.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736602\u0026Signature=eJ5B3K9SHEy1GL0x6v0nccpL1iGkSHvnawwcFv3wdwjOsmiVJornT6PFsntbGISno0LQ2kVtcWOawBFEGg-cWPTrWMrFQ0bVJLAApl~j-zFYzUwTPmrmkONSuikGfmXsER5hGlab2v4mF7LLevnFsCjdRqviwLKk5iagynLR1OZ3QZVOFvbH1Qt19011eyRz9eyIeq~tIH0Yp5KEc184mC5LQgf5Oye9gtaFjhdDc~XaXIrFK1NF9eZBacvtFb0iL0KsrhnBSz13TtSGcTPJaawYWucNYdW4wmXZt~ftMiV0sgzo9-Ee4DZCqx3gE3TnHUHRaJaOCCA9~avcqwFkCg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Forensic_oratory_and_the_jury_trial_in_nineteenth_century_America","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the American jury trial was a form of popular amusement, rivalling the theatre and often likened to it. The jury's ability to find law, as well as facts, was widely if inconsistently defended. These features were consistent with a view of forensic oratory that emphasized histrionics, declamation and emotionally charged rhetoric as means of legal persuasion. By the end of the century, judges had gained more control of the law-finding power and various questions of fact had been transformed into questions of law. Many of the details that would have aided the lawyers' dramatic efforts were screened out by a host of new exclusionary rules. These changes in forensic style may have helped to facilitate the decline of the trial, by reorienting its function away from a broadly representative one and towards one that emphasized dispassionate analysis in the service of objectivity.","owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[{"id":118184649,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118184649/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Forensic_20Oratory_20-_20Comp_20Leg_20Hist_203-2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118184649/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Forensic_oratory_and_the_jury_trial_in_n.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118184649/Forensic_20Oratory_20-_20Comp_20Leg_20Hist_203-2-libre.pdf?1726244478=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DForensic_oratory_and_the_jury_trial_in_n.pdf\u0026Expires=1738736602\u0026Signature=eJ5B3K9SHEy1GL0x6v0nccpL1iGkSHvnawwcFv3wdwjOsmiVJornT6PFsntbGISno0LQ2kVtcWOawBFEGg-cWPTrWMrFQ0bVJLAApl~j-zFYzUwTPmrmkONSuikGfmXsER5hGlab2v4mF7LLevnFsCjdRqviwLKk5iagynLR1OZ3QZVOFvbH1Qt19011eyRz9eyIeq~tIH0Yp5KEc184mC5LQgf5Oye9gtaFjhdDc~XaXIrFK1NF9eZBacvtFb0iL0KsrhnBSz13TtSGcTPJaawYWucNYdW4wmXZt~ftMiV0sgzo9-Ee4DZCqx3gE3TnHUHRaJaOCCA9~avcqwFkCg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law"},{"id":953,"name":"Rhetoric","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rhetoric"},{"id":3048,"name":"American Legal and Constitutional History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Legal_and_Constitutional_History"},{"id":3680,"name":"Courts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Courts"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History"},{"id":3921,"name":"Amusement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amusement"},{"id":20153,"name":"Persuasion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Persuasion"},{"id":26275,"name":"Law and Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Humanities"},{"id":33264,"name":"Comparative Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Legal_History"},{"id":64499,"name":"Jury trial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jury_trial"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"},{"id":562697,"name":"Rhetoric and the Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rhetoric_and_the_Law"},{"id":591831,"name":"Jury","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jury"},{"id":1108620,"name":"Adversarial System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adversarial_System"}],"urls":[{"id":44648736,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2049677x.2015.1110974"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="123845365"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845365/From_Clapham_to_Salina_Locating_the_Reasonable_Man"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of From Clapham to Salina: Locating the Reasonable Man" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/123845365/From_Clapham_to_Salina_Locating_the_Reasonable_Man">From Clapham to Salina: Locating the Reasonable Man</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Law and Literature</span><span>, Jan 19, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">“The man on the Clapham omnibus” is an often cited but poorly understood name for the standard of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">“The man on the Clapham omnibus” is an often cited but poorly understood name for the standard of reasonable care in tort. It originated in a 1903 decision in which this formula was used not to articulate a legal standard but to describe an average person whose views have no legal significance. This figure finds a cousin in another personification, as “the man who takes the magazines at home, and in the evening pushes the lawn-mower in his shirt sleeves.” Both formulations have complex histories that help to underscore their inaptness as descriptors for the standard they are used to represent. These two examples also help to show, more generally, why a personified standard (“the reasonable person”) tends to introduce problems that do not arise with a more abstract one (“reasonableness,” “reasonable care”). Many critics have shown that the “reasonableness” standard is susceptible to problems of bias and framing. Personifying the standard invites the inappropriate use of individuated figures with particular features (e.g., a bus rider from a London suburb) that only worsen these problems. This article traces the history of these two standards, tries to explain how they moved from descriptive to normative use, and then turns to problems with personified standards more generally, showing how some superficially appealing reasons for using a personified standard prove to be unpersuasive.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="123845365"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="123845365"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845365; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845365]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=123845365]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 123845365; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='123845365']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=123845365]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":123845365,"title":"From Clapham to Salina: Locating the Reasonable Man","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123845365/From_Clapham_to_Salina_Locating_the_Reasonable_Man","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="604414" id="facultywebsite"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3855762"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/3855762/http_www_law_utoronto_ca_faculty_staff_full_time_faculty_simon_stern"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of http://www.law.utoronto.ca/faculty-staff/full-time-faculty/simon-stern" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/3855762/http_www_law_utoronto_ca_faculty_staff_full_time_faculty_simon_stern">http://www.law.utoronto.ca/faculty-staff/full-time-faculty/simon-stern</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3855762"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3855762"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3855762; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3855762]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3855762]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3855762; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3855762']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3855762]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3855762,"title":"http://www.law.utoronto.ca/faculty-staff/full-time-faculty/simon-stern","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3855762/http_www_law_utoronto_ca_faculty_staff_full_time_faculty_simon_stern","owner_id":34481,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":34481,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Stern","page_name":"SimonStern","domain_name":"utoronto","created_at":"2009-03-10T00:39:46.469-07:00","display_name":"Simon Stern","url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 3 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "ab8341659d0517b73e1b847d2d34e836c614cb9f552172690613ace565054cf6", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="nHOT6tNWNZuCS08tsED_R7v6_FOgOcHJdsivIeDnhHjKh_cTvacttNmRyiqHS-d8qHbVQW5kEhYiPEpeuFGT_Q" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://utoronto.academia.edu/SimonStern" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="OKM4bBqHyrV1KXivBq9wEMf-0G7PBCe9aeuauJTzDftuV1yVdHbSmi7z_agxpGgr1HL5fAFZ9GI9H3_HzEUafg" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>