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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American Proprietary trading firm</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Global Trading Systems, LLC</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Global_Trading_Systems.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Global_Trading_Systems.png/220px-Global_Trading_Systems.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Global_Trading_Systems.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="77" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">GTS</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Private_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Private company">Private</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">Financial services</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">2006<span class="noprint">; 19 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2006</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Ari Rubenstein</li><li>David Lieberman</li><li>Amit Livnat</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Ari Rubenstein (CEO)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_trading" title="Proprietary trading">Proprietary trading</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/High-frequency_trading" title="High-frequency trading">High-frequency trading</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Market_maker" title="Market maker">Market maker</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">400 (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gtsx.com">www<wbr />.gtsx<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Global Trading Systems</b>, which uses the trade name <b>GTS</b>, is an American <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_trading" title="Proprietary trading">proprietary trading</a> and <a href="/wiki/Market_making" class="mw-redirect" title="Market making">market making</a> firm headquartered in New York. The firm accounts for 3 to 5 percent of the daily turnover of US <a href="/wiki/Equities" class="mw-redirect" title="Equities">equities</a> and has handled over 250 IPO listings since 2013. </p><p>GTS has additional offices in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, Florida, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, Paris, Warsaw, and <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GTS_(company)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2006, GTS was co-founded by Ari Rubenstein, David Lieberman and Amit Livnat. The trio had previously worked at the Pax Clearing Corporation in the cash equities business. During their time there, they noticed that computers were able to trade much faster and more efficiently than humans. When the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Mercantile_Exchange" title="Chicago Mercantile Exchange">Chicago Mercantile Exchange</a> became a <a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">public company</a> via an <a href="/wiki/Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">initial public offering</a>, it was clear to them that technology would drive business and gave them the idea to make a business based on <a href="/wiki/Electronic_trading" title="Electronic trading">electronic trading</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>GTS began as an equity trading operation but later expanded into other products. In 2009, it started trading <a href="/wiki/Futures_contract" title="Futures contract">futures</a> and in 2013 started trading currencies.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2014, GTS's subsidiary Strike Technologies sold StrikeNet, its microwave technology unit, to <a href="/wiki/TMX_Group" title="TMX Group">TMX Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, GTS acquired the Designated Market Maker (DMM) Trading Business of <a href="/wiki/Barclays" title="Barclays">Barclays</a> at the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">New York Stock Exchange</a> (NYSE) floor. As a result, GTS became the DMM for over 1,200 listed securities at the NYSE floor which included <a href="/wiki/Twitter,_Inc." title="Twitter, Inc.">Twitter, Inc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berkshire_Hathaway" title="Berkshire Hathaway">Berkshire Hathaway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Group" title="Alibaba Group">Alibaba Group</a>. With Barclay's exit, there were no more banks acting as market makers at the NYSE floor and the market makers were now automated trading firms. Apart from GTS, its competitors on the NYSE floor were <a href="/wiki/Virtu_Financial" title="Virtu Financial">Virtu Financial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Citadel_Securities" title="Citadel Securities">Citadel Securities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the firms employed human traders, the business was mostly performed by computers.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2017, GTS teamed up with <a href="/wiki/BNP_Paribas" title="BNP Paribas">BNP Paribas</a> to trade <a href="/wiki/US_Treasuries" class="mw-redirect" title="US Treasuries">US Treasuries</a>. This would involve BNP using GTS' technology to improve pricing for its clients and boost its market share of US Treasury trading. One year later, BNP's market share of US Treasury secondary trading on electronic platforms grew from 1.5 to 4 percent. The two then extended their partnership to trade US equities.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2018, GTS announced it had acquired the automated <a href="/wiki/Exchange-traded_fund" title="Exchange-traded fund">ETF</a> and retail stock trading divisions of <a href="/wiki/Cantor_Fitzgerald" title="Cantor Fitzgerald">Cantor Fitzgerald</a>. The deal was done so GTS would be able to start directly serving retail customers.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same month, GTS and <a href="/wiki/Mischler_Financial_Group" title="Mischler Financial Group">Mischler Financial Group</a> entered a <a href="/wiki/Strategic_alliance" title="Strategic alliance">strategic alliance</a> to enhance their <a href="/wiki/Capital_market" title="Capital market">capital markets</a> business.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2018, GTS acquired an ownership stake in Wavelength Capital Management, a <a href="/wiki/Quantitative_investment" class="mw-redirect" title="Quantitative investment">quantitative investment</a> firm.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2019, after the acquisition of the two <a href="/wiki/Cantor_Fitzgerald" title="Cantor Fitzgerald">Cantor Fitzgerald</a> divisions, GTS stated it would expand into US <a href="/wiki/Corporate_bond" title="Corporate bond">corporate bond</a> trading.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2019, GTS acquired the equity <a href="/wiki/Option_(finance)" title="Option (finance)">options</a> trading division of Barclays.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2023, GTS acquired the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_exchange_market" title="Foreign exchange market">FX</a> trading unit of HC Tech. GTS saw growth in foreign exchange market making due to global volatility caused by events such as the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Israel–Hamas war">2023 Israel–Hamas war</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GTS_(company)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBullock2016" class="citation news cs1">Bullock, Nicole (June 12, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/3e711e0c-281b-11e6-8b18-91555f2f4fde">"A former flash boy – Ari Rubenstein, CEO, Global Trading Systems"</a>. <i>Financial Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thetradenews.com&rft.atitle=Barclays+sells+equity+options+trading+division+to+GTS+-+The+TRADE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetradenews.com%2Fbarclays-sells-equity-options-trading-division-gts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGTS+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-10-10/market-maker-gts-buys-foreign-exchange-trading-unit-from-hc-tech">"Market Maker GTS Buys Foreign-Exchange Trading Unit From HC Tech"</a>. <i>Bloomberg.com</i>. October 10, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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