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id="toc-Origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Strengths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strengths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Strengths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strengths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weaknesses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weaknesses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Weaknesses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weaknesses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Variations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Slimline_jewel_case" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slimline_jewel_case"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Slimline jewel case</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slimline_jewel_case-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_marketing_packaging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_marketing_packaging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>External marketing packaging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_marketing_packaging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paper_or_Tyvek_sleeve" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paper_or_Tyvek_sleeve"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Paper or Tyvek sleeve</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paper_or_Tyvek_sleeve-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Q_Pack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Q_Pack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Q Pack</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Q_Pack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digipak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digipak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Digipak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digipak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-FLPpak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#FLPpak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>FLPpak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-FLPpak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digisleeve" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digisleeve"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Digisleeve</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digisleeve-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digifile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digifile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Digifile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digifile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wallet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wallet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Wallet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wallet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digibook/mediabook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digibook/mediabook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Digibook/mediabook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digibook/mediabook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Artbook/earbook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artbook/earbook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Artbook/earbook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artbook/earbook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mini_LP_sleeve/paper_sleeve" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mini_LP_sleeve/paper_sleeve"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Mini LP sleeve/paper sleeve</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mini_LP_sleeve/paper_sleeve-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minipack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minipack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Minipack</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minipack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-JakeBox" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#JakeBox"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>JakeBox</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-JakeBox-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discbox_slider" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discbox_slider"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Discbox slider</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discbox_slider-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compac_Plus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compac_Plus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Compac Plus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compac_Plus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keep_case" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keep_case"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Keep case</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keep_case-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Snap_case" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Snap_case"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Snap case</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Snap_case-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soft_case/green_case" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soft_case/green_case"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>Soft case/green case</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soft_case/green_case-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SteelBook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SteelBook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20</span> <span>SteelBook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SteelBook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eco_pack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eco_pack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21</span> <span>Eco pack</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eco_pack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lift-lock_case" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lift-lock_case"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22</span> <span>Lift-lock case</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lift-lock_case-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spindles_and_other_bulk_packaging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spindles_and_other_bulk_packaging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">23</span> <span>Spindles and other bulk packaging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spindles_and_other_bulk_packaging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Multi-disc_albums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Multi-disc_albums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">24</span> <span>Multi-disc albums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Multi-disc_albums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">25</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">26</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">27</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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.mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Optical_disc_packaging" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Optical+disc+packaging%22">"Optical disc packaging"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Optical+disc+packaging%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Optical+disc+packaging%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Optical+disc+packaging%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Optical+disc+packaging%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Optical+disc+packaging%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Lead_too_short plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-lead_too_short" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead section</a> <b>may be too short to adequately <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summarize</a> the key points</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please consider expanding the lead to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">provide an accessible overview</a> of all important aspects of the article.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CD_rack.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/CD_rack.JPG/220px-CD_rack.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/CD_rack.JPG/330px-CD_rack.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/CD_rack.JPG/440px-CD_rack.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Stacks of compact disc jewel cases</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Optical disc packaging</b> is the <a href="/wiki/Packaging" title="Packaging">packaging</a> that accompanies <a href="/wiki/CD" class="mw-redirect" title="CD">CDs</a>, <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVDs</a>, and other formats of <a href="/wiki/Optical_disc" title="Optical disc">optical discs</a>. Most packaging is rigid or semi-rigid and designed to protect the media from scratches and other types of exposure damage. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jewel_case">Jewel case</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Jewel case"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jewel_Case_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Jewel_Case_02.jpg/220px-Jewel_Case_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Jewel_Case_02.jpg/330px-Jewel_Case_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Jewel_Case_02.jpg/440px-Jewel_Case_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2415" data-file-height="2052" /></a><figcaption>A jewel CD case</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>jewel case</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">compact disc</a> case that has been used since the compact disc was first released in 1982. It is a three-piece <a href="/wiki/Plastic" title="Plastic">plastic</a> case, measuring 142 by 125 by 10 millimetres (5.59 in × 4.92 in × 0.39 in), a volume of 177.5 cubic centimetres (10.83 cu in), which usually contains a compact disc along with the <a href="/wiki/Liner_notes" title="Liner notes">liner notes</a> and a back card. Two opposing <a href="/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency" title="Transparency and translucency">transparent</a> halves are hinged together to form the casing, the back half holding a media tray that grips the disc by its hole. All three parts are made of injection-moulded <a href="/wiki/Polystyrene" title="Polystyrene">polystyrene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Philips_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philips-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.stevehoffman.tv/threads/questions-re-the-history-of-cd-packaging.734857/">1993</a>, there was a general shift to the rear jewel case being made of clear plastic instead of black or coloured. </p><p>The front lid contains two, four, or six tabs to keep any liner notes in place. The liner notes typically will be a 120 by 120 millimetres (4.7 in × 4.7 in) booklet, or a single 242 by 120 millimetres (9.5 in × 4.7 in) leaf folded in half. In addition, there is usually a back card, 150 by 118 millimetres (5.9 in × 4.6 in), underneath the media tray and visible through the clear back, often listing the track names, <a href="/wiki/Studio" title="Studio">studio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> data and other information. The back card is folded into a flattened "U" shape, with the sides being visible along the ends (often referred to as the spine) of the case. The ends usually have the name of the release and the artist, and often label or catalogue information printed on them, and are designed to be visible when the case is stored vertically, 'book-style', on shelves.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The rear media tray snaps into the back cover and is responsible for securing the CD. This is achieved by a central circular hub of spring-loaded teeth that grip and effectively suspend the disc above the tray surface, preventing the recording surface from being scratched.<sup id="cite_ref-Philips_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philips-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The jewel case is the standard case used by the majority of manufacturers and it is the most common type of case found in record and movie stores. Jewel cases are occasionally used for DVDs, but generally not for those that contain major film releases. Blank <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a> media is also most commonly sold in standard-width jewel cases. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origin">Origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a>, the name "jewel case" reflects either the generally high quality of the case design compared to initial attempts, or its appearance. According to one publication,<sup id="cite_ref-Philips_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philips-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> initial attempts at packaging CDs were unsatisfactory. When the new design, by Peter Doodson, was found to be "virtually perfect" it was dubbed the "jewel case".<sup id="cite_ref-Philips_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philips-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another publication<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> quotes Doodson describing that he "specified polished ribs as they pick up the light and shine" and states that the resulting appearance led to the name. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Strengths">Strengths</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Strengths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The CD jewel case has a tight and firm grip of the CD because of the tray's "teeth" or "lock". Because of this, even if the CD jewel case is turned upside-down, left, or right, the CD is held in place. Flimsier cases may cause the CD to become loose, or even fall out. Also, since the jewel case is made of plastic, it is sturdier compared to cardboard, paper, or foams. When pressure is applied to the CD jewel case, the case will break first before the CD. If the case is made of thin cardboard, there is a greater chance that the CD would break or get damaged because the weight is directed onto it.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The type of material of the CD jewel case allows storage of CDs for decades without ruining the CDs. The same is not as true with other cases, since paper can stick to the CDs due to air, humidity, and other factors. The CD jewel case may also be preferred because it offers orderliness on a shelf. Since the CD jewel case has existed for decades, there are many CD shelves, racks, and other products in the market that are made for CD jewel cases.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The CD jewel case is designed to carry a booklet, as well as to have panel inserts. These may be used to display album artwork, lyrics, photos, thank-yous, messages, biography, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because the CD jewel case is the standard, most-commonly used CD case, it is much cheaper. The price of the CD jewel case usually ranges from $0.75 to $0.95. That is a few cents cheaper than <a href="#Digipak">digipaks</a> and other CD wallets. However, if large quantities of cases are needed, the price difference may be hundreds or thousands of US dollars.<sup id="cite_ref-Philips_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philips-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Weaknesses">Weaknesses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Weaknesses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are a number of shortcomings with the jewel case. The case is hinged on two brittle plastic arms, which often break if the case receives shock or stress due to being dropped. The teeth of the hub holding the disc are also prone to failure by snapping. There is a problem with the tabs ("half-moons") which hold the liner notes in place; sometimes, especially with larger booklets, the tabs grip the booklet too tightly, leading to tearing. When replacing the booklet, it can get snagged and crumple or rip. As noted above, some CD releases have only two tabs, which allows the booklet to be more easily removed and replaced (with the disadvantage of the booklet sometimes falling out if held the wrong way). Replacement jewel cases can be purchased, to replace those that have broken plastic arms or hub teeth.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variations">Variations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Packaging_Jewelcase_CDSingle_Slimcase.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Packaging_Jewelcase_CDSingle_Slimcase.jpg/220px-Packaging_Jewelcase_CDSingle_Slimcase.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Packaging_Jewelcase_CDSingle_Slimcase.jpg/330px-Packaging_Jewelcase_CDSingle_Slimcase.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Packaging_Jewelcase_CDSingle_Slimcase.jpg/440px-Packaging_Jewelcase_CDSingle_Slimcase.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1979" data-file-height="711" /></a><figcaption>Jewel case types: <div><ol><li>Original jewel case</li><li>CD-single</li><li>Slimcase</li></ol></div></figcaption></figure> <p>Double disc albums can either be packaged in standard-thickness jewel cases with hinged media trays which can be lifted to reveal the second disc (trays hinged on the left are known as "Smart Tray" format; those hinged on the right are known as "Brilliant Box" format) or in a chubby jewel case, sometimes called a multi-CD jewel case, which is slightly thicker than two normal jewel cases stacked on top of each other and can hold from 2 and up to 6 CDs. Chubby jewel cases do not fit in some CD racks, however, some racks have a few extra wide slots specifically to accommodate them.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jewel cases for CDs released early in the format's life featured frosted top and bottom spines as opposed to the ridged ones more commonly used. As a result of their rarity, these types of jewel cases are fairly coveted among collectors.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Super Jewel Box" is a more advanced design which offers amongst other improvements a greatly strengthened hinge area. The depth of the disc tray is also greater, allowing for two discs to be placed on top of each other. The super jewel box cannot be used as a direct replacement for the older jewel case design as its card insert for the back is slightly different in size and shape. The super jewel box was developed by <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a><sup id="cite_ref-Philips_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philips-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it was intended to be successor to the original jewel case. Some CD manufacturers (for example the high-end company <a href="/wiki/Linn_Products" title="Linn Products">Linn</a>) are supplying them. The super jewel box is the conventional case for <a href="/wiki/Super_Audio_CD" title="Super Audio CD">Super Audio CD</a> (SACD) releases;<sup id="cite_ref-Philips_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philips-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a taller "Plus" size, midway between CD and DVD-Video size, is the conventional case for <a href="/wiki/DVD-Audio" title="DVD-Audio">DVD-Audio</a>, and as of mid-2006, the case format for all albums released by the Universal Music Group in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many alternatives to the standard jewel case may also be found, including larger DVD-style cases with a more book-like shape. It is not uncommon to find CDs housed in custom cases, tins and boxes of varying shapes and sizes. <a href="/wiki/Slipcase" title="Slipcase">Slipcases</a> and other envelope-type designs are also occasionally used.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some <a href="/wiki/DualDisc" title="DualDisc">DualDiscs</a> are packaged in jewel cases of a somewhat different design from the CD version; the inside edge is rounded instead of flat, and the physical position of the disc is moved slightly toward the spine to make room for a latch mechanism. The overall dimensions of a DualDisc case are roughly the same as a standard CD case. However, the hinge mechanism is smaller and cannot be dismantled as easily as on a standard jewel case.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Smaller jewel cases are used for 8 cm CD and DVD media; similar cases without the hub are used for <a href="/wiki/MiniDisc" title="MiniDisc">MiniDisc</a> and (magnetic) <a href="/wiki/Zip_drive" title="Zip drive">Zip drive</a> media.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally, larger jewel cases that were around the size of VHS keep cases were used for North American releases of games for the <a href="/wiki/Sega_CD" title="Sega CD">Sega CD</a>, all North American releases of <a href="/wiki/Sega_Saturn" title="Sega Saturn">Sega Saturn</a> games, and games released early in the original <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_(console)" title="PlayStation (console)">PlayStation</a>'s life cycle. Because the larger thickness of these cases put the CDs inside at greater risk of being accidentally knocked out of their hubs, large foam bricks were placed on top of the discs when packaged to hold them in place.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Slimline_jewel_case">Slimline jewel case</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Slimline jewel case"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Packaging_Slimcase.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Packaging_Slimcase.jpg/220px-Packaging_Slimcase.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Packaging_Slimcase.jpg/330px-Packaging_Slimcase.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Packaging_Slimcase.jpg/440px-Packaging_Slimcase.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3419" data-file-height="1707" /></a><figcaption>A "black side" slim case</figcaption></figure> <p>Slimline jewel cases first became popular for <a href="/wiki/CD_single" title="CD single">CD singles</a> sold in Japan and Europe, and have become a common space-saving packaging for burned CDs. The cases used for CD singles sold in Japan and Europe are 7 mm thick, with a "<a href="/wiki/J-card" title="J-card">J-card</a>" type inlay, showing cover art through the front of the case, and also through both the spine and part of the back of the case. The CD itself is usually inserted "upside-down" in the case, so that the artwork on the disc itself shows through the transparent back of the case.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most slim jewel cases sold for burned CDs use the measure 142 by 125 by 5 millimetres (5.59 in × 4.92 in × 0.20 in), which is roughly half the thickness of a standard CD jewel case, allowing twice as many CDs to be stored in the same space, and will generally fit two to a slot in a standard CD rack. They generally do not have room for a full package insert booklet, only a slip of paper for a track listing or cover art, showing only through the front of the case. Unlike the standard jewel cases, slimline cases are made of two pieces rather than three and do not have a place for a back label. However, with this design the "spine" is narrower, making the discs more difficult to identify when stored on edge on a shelf.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_marketing_packaging">External marketing packaging</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External marketing packaging"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the U.S. and Canada, the jewel box of a music CD was originally packaged for retail sale in a large cardboard box called a <a href="/wiki/Longbox" title="Longbox">longbox</a> in order to fit in store fixtures designed for vinyl records, offer larger space for display of artwork and marketing blurbs, and deter <a href="/wiki/Shoplifting" title="Shoplifting">shoplifting</a>. This packaging was much-criticized as environmentally wasteful, and was eventually dropped by most retailers in the mid-1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around 1994, the top wrap-around label sticker began to appear on most CDs, to make it easier to read what each CD was from the top without having to flip through them to see the front cover. These stickers were usually nothing more than informational labels and rarely would have any use in the marketing of the album. The wrap-around sticker also provided an extra seal, possibly as another theft deterrent.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A chiefly <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japanese</a> packaging addition is the inclusion of an <a href="/wiki/Obi_strip" class="mw-redirect" title="Obi strip">obi strip</a>, a J-card–esque paperboard slip wound around the left side of the case to show details such as the price, artist, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Paper_or_Tyvek_sleeve">Paper or Tyvek sleeve</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Paper or Tyvek sleeve"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Packaging_Paper_Sleeve_with_CD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Packaging_Paper_Sleeve_with_CD.jpg/220px-Packaging_Paper_Sleeve_with_CD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Packaging_Paper_Sleeve_with_CD.jpg/330px-Packaging_Paper_Sleeve_with_CD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Packaging_Paper_Sleeve_with_CD.jpg/440px-Packaging_Paper_Sleeve_with_CD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3398" data-file-height="1823" /></a><figcaption>Paper sleeve</figcaption></figure> <p>The simplest, least expensive package is a paper <a href="/wiki/Envelope" title="Envelope">envelope</a>. More expensive versions add a transparent window to the envelope allowing the disc label to be seen.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The envelope can also be made out of spunbonded <a href="/wiki/Polyethylene" title="Polyethylene">polyethylene</a> (trade-named <a href="/wiki/Tyvek" title="Tyvek">Tyvek</a>) which is stronger and lighter than paper and is resistant to moisture.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Q_Pack">Q Pack</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Q Pack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Q Pack was developed by the Queens Group Inc. in the mid-1990s as an alternative to regular CD jewel cases. (The Queens Group was purchased by Shorewood Packaging, who are part of <a href="/wiki/International_Paper" title="International Paper">International Paper</a>). The Q Pack does not have a snap-in tray like a regular jewel case. It is characterized by the corrugated raised area where the top hinges to the back. Since Q Pack cases are not transparent, generally cover art is applied as a decal to the cover. Decals can also be applied to the inside front, on the tray underneath the hub and the back cover. A slot for an insert booklet is found inside the front cover as on typical jewel cases.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Digipak">Digipak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Digipak"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:6PanelDigipakOasisCD2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/6PanelDigipakOasisCD2008.jpg/220px-6PanelDigipakOasisCD2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/6PanelDigipakOasisCD2008.jpg/330px-6PanelDigipakOasisCD2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/6PanelDigipakOasisCD2008.jpg/440px-6PanelDigipakOasisCD2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1193" data-file-height="1143" /></a><figcaption>A 6-panel digipak</figcaption></figure> <p>A <i>digipak</i> or <i>digipack</i> (generic term)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="are these just alternate spellings or is there a substantial difference between the terms with and without the 'c'? (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> is a rectangular cardboard package with one or more plastic trays capable of holding a disc attached to the inside. There are variations where the disc(s) sit on a hub or spindle inside and come in various sizes. A digipak-style case is a common alternative to the jewel case.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term <i>digipak</i> was once a trademarked name but is no longer active as of March 2020 according to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office" title="United States Patent and Trademark Office">United States Patent and Trademark Office</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="FLPpak">FLPpak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: FLPpak"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Similar in concept to Digipak, an FLPpak consists of a wrap-around outer shell made of cardboard, bonded to a plastic CD tray. However, FLPpak differs in two significant ways: </p><p>First, while Digipak cases extend their cardboard shells taller than their trays to keep the tray as hidden as possible when closed, FLPpak packages extend their trays beyond the cardboard and incorporate top and bottom edges, sacrificing aesthetic flexibility for increased protection from shelf wear. (These end-caps are extended far enough that, when laying on a flat surface, the plastic top and bottom edges will suspend the front or back above it.) </p><p>Second, by incorporating a latching closure into the right edge of the tray, avoiding the need for an extra component such as a slip cover to keep the package from coming open.<sup id="cite_ref-FLPpak_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FLPpak-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FLPpak_Trademark.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/32/FLPpak_Trademark.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="95" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="95" /></a><figcaption>FLPpak Logo</figcaption></figure> <p>Though now expired, the design was originally covered by <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation patent"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldwide.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=US5188230">US patent 5188230</a></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Apatent&rft.number=5188230&rft.cc=US&rft.title="><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation patent"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldwide.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=US5372253">US patent 5372253</a></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Apatent&rft.number=5372253&rft.cc=US&rft.title="><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>, held by the Ivy Hill Corporation. These numbers can be found moulded into the inner surface of the closure. </p><p>Packages of this type which were manufactured by Ivy Hill can also be identified by the FLP logo moulded into the bottom-left and top-right corners of the disc tray. This logo was covered by U.S. trademark number 74419766, cancelled as of August 13, 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Digisleeve">Digisleeve</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Digisleeve"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A digisleeve consists of a rectangular cardboard package which differs from a digipak in that it does not have a tray, spindle or hub and the disc or discs slide into an outside pocket of the packaging.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Digifile">Digifile</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Digifile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A digifile consists of a rectangular cardboard package that is similar to a digisleeve except that the disc or discs slide vertically (and in some cases diagonally) into a horizontal or diagonal slot inside the packaging. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wallet">Wallet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Wallet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A wallet consists of a rectangular cardboard package that is similar to a digisleeve except that the disc or discs slide horizontally into a vertical slot inside the packaging. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Digibook/mediabook"><span id="Digibook.2Fmediabook"></span>Digibook/mediabook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Digibook/mediabook"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A digibook/mediabook is a type of packaging that has a hard cover (like a hardbound book) and comes in various sizes. The disc can either slide into the package or sit on a spindle, hub or tray inside. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Artbook/earbook"><span id="Artbook.2Fearbook"></span>Artbook/earbook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Artbook/earbook"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An artbook/earbook is a type of packaging that has a hard cover (like a hardbound book) and is typically (but not always) around 11 1/4" to 11 1/2" square and contains a several-page booklet inside. Basically, it's an oversized deluxe digibook/mediabook. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mini_LP_sleeve/paper_sleeve"><span id="Mini_LP_sleeve.2Fpaper_sleeve"></span>Mini LP sleeve/paper sleeve</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Mini LP sleeve/paper sleeve"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A mini LP sleeve/paper sleeve is a square cardboard package that looks like a miniaturized version of an LP jacket. The disc usually slides into an inner sleeve whose opening need not match the outer sleeve in the manner of actual LPs. Mini LP sleeves can either appear as single sleeves or <a href="/wiki/Gatefold" title="Gatefold">gatefolds</a>, identically to full-sized LP jackets, with both variants being used for a number of music releases. </p><p>While used in a somewhat limited capacity in the west, where the jewel case remains the most popular form of CD packaging, mini LP sleeves are common for reissues of older albums in Japan, with their typically high level of faithfulness to the original vinyl record packaging making them sought-after among collectors. </p><p>The downside to this format is that the disc can be easily scratched each time it is taken out for play; a more serious issue can also be that if the glue that keeps the sleeve that holds the CD closed on the side closest to the spine (on gatefold covers) weakens, it can get onto the CD, rendering it unplayable. For these reasons, mini LP releases—particularly Japanese ones—enclose the CD in a protective sleeve made from matted plastic or <a href="/wiki/Rice_paper" title="Rice paper">rice paper</a>. Another disadvantage with mini LP sleeves is that, like digipaks, they are significantly more vulnerable to wear and other forms of damage compared to standard jewel cases and are more difficult to replace. </p><p>One advantage of mini LP sleeves is that album covers that were originally textured, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Back_in_Black" title="Back in Black">Back in Black</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/AC/DC" title="AC/DC">AC/DC</a> or <i><a href="/wiki/Fear_of_Music" title="Fear of Music">Fear of Music</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Talking_Heads" title="Talking Heads">Talking Heads</a>, can retain the texturing on the CD release, as well as being able to replicate other nuances of the vinyl packaging such as unusually shaped packaging or artwork intended to span the whole of a gatefold (e.g. <i><a href="/wiki/Obscured_by_Clouds" title="Obscured by Clouds">Obscured by Clouds</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Side_of_the_Moon" title="The Dark Side of the Moon">The Dark Side of the Moon</a></i>, respectively, by <a href="/wiki/Pink_Floyd" title="Pink Floyd">Pink Floyd</a>). In addition, the packaging is more environmentally friendly due to the use of more easily recyclable and biodegradable cardboard (as opposed to the polystyrene used in jewel cases) and is significantly cheaper to produce than both jewel cases and digipaks, which has made them a more favorable option in markets where CD sales are declining. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Minipack">Minipack</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Minipack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A minipack is a square cardboard package in which the disc sits on a spindle, hub or tray. In essence, it's a combination of a digipak and mini LP sleeve. This type of packaging is usually hand-made and is not seen very often. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="JakeBox">JakeBox</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: JakeBox"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>JakeBox is a paperboard packaging concept designed in Sweden, featuring a pop-up "claw". The claw releases the CD when the cover is opened and locks it again when the cover is closed. This design makes the disc easily accessible and protects the CD once the case is closed.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discbox_slider">Discbox slider</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Discbox slider"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Discbox_slider" title="Discbox slider">Discbox slider</a></div> <p>The discbox slider (also called DBS) is a disc packaging concept in 100% carton board, found both in CD and DVD sized packaging formats. The DBS is comparable with plastic jewel or <a href="/wiki/Amaray_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Amaray case">amaray cases</a> when it comes to size but holds more of the features of the LP style cases in terms of light weight and printability. The DBS case opens up from the side by moving the slider part (on which the disc is resting) from the sleeve. The discbox slider is 100% recyclable. Many <a href="/wiki/Covermount" title="Covermount">covermount CDs</a> released in British magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Mixmag" title="Mixmag">Mixmag</a></i> used to be packaged in a discbox slider,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> after replacing a standard jewel box, although the discbox slider itself was replaced by a simple cardboard sleeve. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compac_Plus">Compac Plus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Compac Plus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Compac Plus</i> or <i>Compact Plus</i> is a disc packaging which is similar in style to a digipak. However, it consists of two plastic CD trays which "clip" together like a normal slipcase. The packaging was introduced in the early 1990s. It was originally a brand which had their own logo, and was used by bands such as <a href="/wiki/Blur_(band)" title="Blur (band)">Blur</a>, but as years progressed, many other artists started to use their own version of the packaging. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keep_case">Keep case</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Keep case"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Keep_case" title="Keep case">Keep case</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amaray-case.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Amaray-case.jpg/220px-Amaray-case.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Amaray-case.jpg/330px-Amaray-case.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Amaray-case.jpg/440px-Amaray-case.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>A keep case</figcaption></figure> <p>A <i>keep case</i> is the most common type of DVD packaging and was created by Amaray. It is taller and thicker than a Jewel case, and is made of much softer, less brittle plastic (<a href="/wiki/Polypropylene" title="Polypropylene">polypropylene</a> rather than <a href="/wiki/Polystyrene" title="Polystyrene">polystyrene</a>), so it does not break as easily. They usually hold one or two discs, but are capable of holding up to six discs. Slimmer keep cases, so called "Slim-paks" or "Thinpaks" typically used for DVD box sets consisting of the thin keep cases stored in a paperboard box. The thin cases are half as thick and can generally only hold one disc as a result, but there are newer slim cases that have central disc holding teeth on both sides. The teeth are made in such a way that when the case is closed, they go between the gaps in between the teeth on the other side. </p><p>A standard DVD case is a single-piece plastic case with two creases, which folds around and snaps closed. It measures 135 mm × 190 mm × 14 mm (5.31 in × 7.48 in × 0.55 in). It is wrapped on the outside by a thin piece of transparent plastic which can hold a paper label. The label measures 284 mm × 184 mm (11.2 in × 7.2 in). </p><p>Some DVD releases have a paperboard outer sleeve around the shrinkwrap. </p><p>Beginning in 2007, prerecorded <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a> and <a href="/wiki/HD_DVD" title="HD DVD">HD DVD</a> titles ship in packages similar to but slightly smaller (18.5 mm shorter and 1 mm thinner: 135 mm × 171.5 mm × 13 mm)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> than a standard DVD keep case, generally with the format logo prominently displayed in a horizontal stripe across the top of the case (red for HD DVD; and <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_3" title="PlayStation 3">PlayStation 3</a> Greatest Hits Games, blue for Blu-ray, and clear for regular PlayStation 3 and <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Switch" title="Nintendo Switch">Nintendo Switch</a> cartridge games). Green cases of this variety were introduced to be used for titles released for the <a href="/wiki/Xbox_One" title="Xbox One">Xbox One</a> gaming system, though with the space intended for placing the disc being on the left side of the inner case, while most other keep cases have it on the right. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Snap_case">Snap case</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Snap case"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DVD_Snap_Case_(inside_and_outside).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/DVD_Snap_Case_%28inside_and_outside%29.jpg/220px-DVD_Snap_Case_%28inside_and_outside%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/DVD_Snap_Case_%28inside_and_outside%29.jpg/330px-DVD_Snap_Case_%28inside_and_outside%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/DVD_Snap_Case_%28inside_and_outside%29.jpg/440px-DVD_Snap_Case_%28inside_and_outside%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>A DVD snap case. The original artwork in this example has been removed from the photo.</figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Snap_case" title="Snap case">Snap case</a></div> <p>A <i>snap case</i> is a design for both CD and DVD packaging, and is made in the standard sizes for both. Each is made of a single-piece plastic tray and closure, which snaps over the right edge of the front flap. The printed flap is made of thin <a href="/wiki/Paperboard" title="Paperboard">paperboard</a> which wraps around the left edge and across the back of the tray, to which it is glued. It has largely been replaced with the DVD keep case and CD jewel case due to its flimsy design. <a href="/wiki/Time_Warner" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Warner">Time Warner</a>'s two studios and their boutique labels (<a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Pictures" title="Warner Bros. Pictures">Warner Bros. Pictures</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Line_Cinema" title="New Line Cinema">New Line Cinema</a>) were the only major entities to utilize this case design for DVD packaging. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Soft_case/green_case"><span id="Soft_case.2Fgreen_case"></span>Soft case/green case</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Soft case/green case"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Soft cases</i>, also known as <i>earth cases</i> or <i>green cases</i>, are soft-shell cases made from recycled optical discs. They are considerably more pliable than other style cases given that they are made from various mixes of plastics. They are sold by various companies as replacements for disc owners who are environmentally friendly and can be differentiated from other cases by their opaque appearance. The softness of the cases leads them to break less, though the safety of the enclosed disc may be somewhat sacrificed since the case can be bent end-to-end easily. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="SteelBook">SteelBook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: SteelBook"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SteelBook is a trademarked name for a disc case constructed from durable metal to create a <a href="/wiki/Tin_box" title="Tin box">tin box</a>-style package similar in size and shape to the keep case. It is used in memorabilia sets such as <a href="/wiki/Special_edition" title="Special edition">collector's editions</a>, and commonly printed with full-color artwork, varnished, and embossed to provide additional visual dimensionality.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eco_pack">Eco pack</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Eco pack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2006, <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a> introduced the first completely paper-recyclable CD case, called the "eco pack". The sleeve is printed on recycled card, and the tray is made from <a href="/wiki/International_Paper" title="International Paper">International Paper</a>'s PaperFoam.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Universal used this packaging for issues in its <i>20th Century Masters - The Millennium Collection</i> series after 2006. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lift-lock_case">Lift-lock case</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Lift-lock case"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liftlockcdcase.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Liftlockcdcase.jpg/220px-Liftlockcdcase.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Liftlockcdcase.jpg/330px-Liftlockcdcase.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Liftlockcdcase.jpg/440px-Liftlockcdcase.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>A lift-lock case viewed from the side, showing the latch mechanism</figcaption></figure> <p>Many <a href="/wiki/Gold_CD" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold CD">gold CDs</a>, including those from <a href="/wiki/Mobile_Fidelity_Sound_Lab" title="Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab">Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab</a>, are packaged in lift-lock cases, a special type of case where the CD is lifted out of the case automatically and a latch unlocked when opened. The advantage of this design is that only the edges of the disc are handled when removing it from the case, and the disc is never subjected to any bending force while being removed. From the outside, they appear almost identical to a standard jewel case. They have the same dimensions as a standard jewel case, and use standard booklets and back cards. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spindles_and_other_bulk_packaging">Spindles and other bulk packaging</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Spindles and other bulk packaging"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cakebox_100_collageA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Cakebox_100_collageA.jpg/220px-Cakebox_100_collageA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Cakebox_100_collageA.jpg/330px-Cakebox_100_collageA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Cakebox_100_collageA.jpg/440px-Cakebox_100_collageA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1526" /></a><figcaption>100-disc cake box and spindle</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Optical_disc_authoring" title="Optical disc authoring">Blank CD and DVD</a> media are often sold in bulk packages called spindles or, less formally, cake boxes. This type of packaging consists of a round, clear plastic cup that mates <a href="/wiki/Bayonet_mount" title="Bayonet mount">bayonet-style</a> to a base with a central post that holds a stack of discs (both made from <a href="/wiki/Polypropylene" title="Polypropylene">polypropylene</a>); dummy discs made of clear <a href="/wiki/Polycarbonate" title="Polycarbonate">polycarbonate</a> with no recording surface are often packed on the ends of the stack to avoid scratches from contact with the hard plastic of the packages. Such packages have been designed to hold anywhere from ten up to 100 discs, and offer the user multiple options for packaging the finalized disc. </p><p><a href="/wiki/TDK" title="TDK">TDK</a> and <a href="/wiki/Memorex" title="Memorex">Memorex</a> have begun selling some of their blank media in what they refer to as "Snap n' Save" cases, essentially polyethylene cases designed to hold up to ten discs in a package. </p><p>Finally, some bulk packages of blank media forgo a permanent container completely, instead using a simple <a href="/wiki/Blister_pack" title="Blister pack">blister pack</a> for small numbers of media, or bundling large numbers of discs in <a href="/wiki/Shrink_wrap" title="Shrink wrap">shrink wrap</a> to reduce waste.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Multi-disc_albums">Multi-disc albums</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Multi-disc albums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Record_shop" title="Record shop">Record shops</a> and <a href="/wiki/Consumer_electronics" title="Consumer electronics">consumer electronics</a> stores sell albums or books that contain numerous soft plastic sleeves, which can be used to store CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, video game discs, and other discs. Some of the small books or albums can hold 12 discs. Some of the large albums or books can hold over 90 discs. The owner can either keep the original packaging (cases, booklets, etc.) or discard them. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caddy_(hardware)" title="Caddy (hardware)">Caddy (hardware)</a> – Plastic enclosure used historically for optical media</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_packaging" title="Video game packaging">Video game packaging</a> – Physical storage of the contents of a video game</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Philips-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Philips_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philips_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150710233446/http://www.research.philips.com/technologies/projects/cd/jewelcase.html">"The history of the CD - The 'Jewel Case' (Philips Research)"</a>. <i>Philips.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.research.philips.com/technologies/projects/cd/jewelcase.html">the original</a> on 10 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2022</span>. <q>...original Jewel Case remained the world standard for the packaging of CDs. Many billions of cases have been produced since 1982, and recently output has even reached as many as eight billion a year</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Philips.com&rft.atitle=The+history+of+the+CD+-+The+%27Jewel+Case%27+%28Philips+Research%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.research.philips.com%2Ftechnologies%2Fprojects%2Fcd%2Fjewelcase.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOptical+disc+packaging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdrom2go.com/cd-jewel-case-information">CD Jewel Cases</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdrom2go.com/jewel-case-dimensions">Jewel Case Dimensions</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220071438/http://doodson.com/resources/Doodson-people/Around-the-world/PeterDoodsonPhilips.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"A Jewel of an Idea", Philips"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://doodson.com/resources/Doodson-people/Around-the-world/PeterDoodsonPhilips.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 20 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UMe+Goes+Green+With+Completely+Paper-Recyclable+Standard+CD+Packaging&rft.date=2006-10&rft.au=Market+Wire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_pwwi%2Fis_200610%2Fai_n16796946%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOptical+disc+packaging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stretchwrappingfilm.com/shrink-wrap/">"Shrink Wrap 101: Everything You Need To Know For Perfect Packaging"</a>. 23 August 2023. <q>The Cost-Effectiveness of Shrink Wrap Shrink wrap is cost-effective, lightweight, conforms to shapes, reducing shipping costs and extra packaging needs.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shrink+Wrap+101%3A+Everything+You+Need+To+Know+For+Perfect+Packaging&rft.date=2023-08-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstretchwrappingfilm.com%2Fshrink-wrap%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOptical+disc+packaging" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_disc_packaging&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Optical_disc_packaging" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Optical disc packaging">Optical disc packaging</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spio-fsk.de/media_content/1364.pdf">FSK Ratings on Optical Media and their Packaging</a>, 2010</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub121/pub121.pdf#page=26">5.1.6 Individual Disc Storage</a> / Fred R. 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Compact_disc" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" 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style="width:1%">Discs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_Disc_Digital_Audio" title="Compact Disc Digital Audio">CD-DA</a> <ul><li>Red Book</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD-R" title="CD-R">CD-R</a> <ul><li>Orange Book</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a> <ul><li>Yellow Book</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD-RW" title="CD-RW">CD-RW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rainier_(packet_writing)" title="Mount Rainier (packet writing)">CD-MRW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD-RW" title="CD-RW">CD-MO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philips_CD-i" class="mw-redirect" title="Philips CD-i">CD-i</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_Book_(CD_standard)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Book (CD standard)">Green Book</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD-Text" title="CD-Text">CD-Text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Book_(CD_standard)" title="Blue Book (CD standard)">CD+</a> <ul><li>Blue Book</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_Disc_%2B_Extended_Graphics" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact Disc + Extended Graphics">CD+EG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD%2BG" title="CD+G">CD+G</a> (Karaoke)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_compact_disc" title="Gold compact disc">Gold CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_CD" title="Mini CD">Mini CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_Mode_CD" title="Mixed Mode CD">Mixed Mode CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photo_CD" title="Photo CD">Photo CD</a> <ul><li>Beige Book</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PMCD" title="PMCD">PMCD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaped_compact_disc" title="Shaped compact disc">shaped CD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bootable_business_card" title="Bootable business card">business card CD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Video_CD" title="Super Video CD">SVCD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_CD" title="Video CD">VCD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_Book_(CD_standard)" title="White Book (CD standard)">White Book</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Books" title="Rainbow Books">Rainbow Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_disc_authoring" title="Optical disc authoring">CD authoring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_disc_authoring" title="Optical disc authoring">CD burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_Disc_and_DVD_copy_protection" title="Compact Disc and DVD copy protection">CD copy protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disk_image#Uses" title="Disk image">CD emulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_Disc_manufacturing" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact Disc manufacturing">CD manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripping" title="Ripping">CD ripping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_rot" title="Disc rot">CD rot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_disc_bronzing" title="Compact disc bronzing">CD bronzing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_Disc_subcode" title="Compact Disc subcode">CD subcode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C2_error" title="C2 error">C2 error</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD-i_Ready" title="CD-i Ready">CD-i Ready</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-channel_Compact_Disc_Digital_Audio" class="mw-redirect" title="Four-channel Compact Disc Digital Audio">4ch CD-DA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Torito_(CD-ROM_standard)" class="mw-redirect" title="El Torito (CD-ROM standard)">El Torito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_9660" title="ISO 9660">ISO 9660</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joliet_(file_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joliet (file system)">Joliet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_file_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Romeo file system">Romeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock Ridge">Rock Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_13490" title="ISO 13490">ISO 13490</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Disk_Format" title="Universal Disk Format">UDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Resolution_Compact_Disc" title="Extended Resolution Compact Disc">XRCD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware/software/content</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CD Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_disc_drive" title="Optical disc drive">CD drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD_player" title="CD player">CD player</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portable_CD_player" title="Portable CD player">Portable CD player</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_disc_drive" title="Optical disc drive">CD recorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD_ripper" title="CD ripper">CD ripper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD_single" title="CD single">CD single</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mini_CD_single" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini CD single">Mini CD single</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Court cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orange-Book-Standard" title="Orange-Book-Standard">Orange-Book-Standard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Compact_Disc_and_DVD_copy_protection_schemes" title="List of Compact Disc and DVD copy protection schemes">CD copy protection schemes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_compact_disc_player_manufacturers" title="List of compact disc player manufacturers">CD player manufacturers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_optical_disc_authoring_software" title="List of optical disc authoring software">Optical disc authoring software</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants based on CD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5.1_Music_Disc" class="mw-redirect" title="5.1 Music Disc">5.1 Music Disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATRAC_CD" title="ATRAC CD">ATRAC CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD_Video" title="CD Video">CD Video</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_Single_Disc" title="Video Single Disc">Video Single Disc</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDVD" title="CDVD">cDVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double-density_compact_disc" title="Double-density compact disc">DD-CD</a> <ul><li>Purple Book</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DualDisc" title="DualDisc">DualDisc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Definition_Compatible_Digital" title="High Definition Compatible Digital">HDCD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD-Audio" title="DVD-Audio">Hybrid DVD-Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Audio_CD" title="Super Audio CD">Hybrid SACD</a> <ul><li>Scarlet Book</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MovieCD" title="MovieCD">MovieCD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compressed_audio_optical_disc" title="Compressed audio optical disc">MP3 CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picture_CD" title="Picture CD">Picture CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VideoNow" title="VideoNow">VideoNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VinylDisc" title="VinylDisc">VinylDisc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_DVD" title="HD DVD">HD DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaserDisc" title="LaserDisc">LaserDisc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MiniDisc" title="MiniDisc">MiniDisc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Audio_CD" title="Super Audio CD">SACD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Media_Disc" title="Universal Media Disc">UMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Write_once_read_many" title="Write once read many">WORM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Compact_disc" title="Category:Compact disc">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Compact_discs" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Compact discs">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wiktionary page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/en:CD" class="extiw" title="wikt:en:CD">Wiktionary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Packaging" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Packaging" title="Template:Packaging"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Packaging" title="Template talk:Packaging"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Packaging" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Packaging"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Packaging" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Packaging" title="Packaging">Packaging</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General<br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_packaging" title="Active packaging">Active packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child-resistant_packaging" title="Child-resistant packaging">Child-resistant packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract_packager" title="Contract packager">Contract packager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edible_packaging" title="Edible packaging">Edible packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modified_atmosphere/modified_humidity_packaging" title="Modified atmosphere/modified humidity packaging">Modified atmosphere/modified humidity packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overpackaging" title="Overpackaging">Overpackaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_delivery" title="Package delivery">Package delivery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_pilferage" title="Package pilferage">Package pilferage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_testing" title="Package testing">Package testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_theft" title="Package theft">Package theft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaging_engineering" title="Packaging engineering">Packaging engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resealable_packaging" title="Resealable packaging">Resealable packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reusable_packaging" title="Reusable packaging">Reusable packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuse_of_bottles" title="Reuse of bottles">Reuse of bottles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf_life" title="Shelf life">Shelf life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf-ready_packaging" title="Shelf-ready packaging">Shelf-ready packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelf-stable_food" title="Shelf-stable food">Shelf-stable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_packaging" title="Sustainable packaging">Sustainable packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamper-evident_technology" title="Tamper-evident technology">Tamper-evident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamper_resistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamper resistance">Tamper resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrap_rage" title="Wrap rage">Wrap rage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Product<br />packages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_wine_closure" title="Alternative wine closure">Alternative wine closure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammunition_box" title="Ammunition box">Ammunition box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_box" title="Banana box">Banana box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_bottle" title="Beer bottle">Beer bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_wine" title="Box wine">Box wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case-ready_meat" title="Case-ready meat">Case-ready meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_bag" title="Coffee bag">Coffee bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmetic_packaging" title="Cosmetic packaging">Cosmetic packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currency_packaging" title="Currency packaging">Currency packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disposable_food_packaging" title="Disposable food packaging">Disposable food packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drink_can" title="Drink can">Drink can</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_carton" title="Egg carton">Egg carton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evidence_packaging" title="Evidence packaging">Evidence packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_ration" title="Field ration">Field ration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flour_sack" title="Flour sack">Flour sack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foam_food_container" title="Foam food container">Foam food container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_packaging" title="Food packaging">Food packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_container" title="Fuel container">Fuel container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_cylinder" title="Gas cylinder">Gas cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_milk_bottle" title="Glass milk bottle">Glass milk bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Growler_(jug)" title="Growler (jug)">Growler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juicebox_(container)" class="mw-redirect" title="Juicebox (container)">Juicebox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_plastic_water_bottle" title="Low plastic water bottle">Low plastic water bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxury_packaging" title="Luxury packaging">Luxury packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_bag" title="Milk bag">Milk bag</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Optical disc packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_pail" title="Oyster pail">Oyster pail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microwave_popcorn" title="Microwave popcorn">Popcorn bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_packaging" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharmaceutical packaging">Pharmaceutical packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_milk_container" title="Plastic milk container">Plastic milk container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purdue_Improved_Crop_Storage_bags" title="Purdue Improved Crop Storage bags">Purdue Improved Crop Storage bags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_bag" class="mw-redirect" title="Sand bag">Sand bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seasonal_packaging" title="Seasonal packaging">Seasonal packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-heating_food_packaging" title="Self-heating food packaging">Self-heating food packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_cap_(wine)" title="Screw cap (wine)">Screw cap (wine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-serve_coffee_container" title="Single-serve coffee container">Single-serve coffee container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spray_paint" title="Spray paint">Spray paint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toothpaste_pump_dispenser" title="Toothpaste pump dispenser">Toothpaste pump dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dosage_form" title="Dosage form">Unit dose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_bottle" title="Water bottle">Water bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_bottle" title="Wine bottle">Wine bottle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Container" title="Container">Containers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerosol_spray_dispenser" title="Aerosol spray dispenser">Aerosol spray dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluminium_bottle" title="Aluminium bottle">Aluminium bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluminum_can" title="Aluminum can">Aluminum can</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ampoule" title="Ampoule">Ampoule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antistatic_bag" title="Antistatic bag">Antistatic bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bag-in-box" title="Bag-in-box">Bag-in-box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bag" title="Bag">Bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrel" title="Barrel">Barrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodegradable_bag" title="Biodegradable bag">Biodegradable bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blister_pack" title="Blister pack">Blister pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boil-in-bag" title="Boil-in-bag">Boil-in-bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottle" title="Bottle">Bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box" title="Box">Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulk_box" title="Bulk box">Bulk box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cage" title="Cage">Cage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_(goods)" title="Case (goods)">Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carboy" title="Carboy">Carboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carton" title="Carton">Carton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chub_(container)" title="Chub (container)">Chub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clamshell_(container)" title="Clamshell (container)">Clamshell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrugated_box_design" title="Corrugated box design">Corrugated box design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crate" title="Crate">Crate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disposable_cup" title="Disposable cup">Disposable cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_(container)" title="Drum (container)">Drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endcap" title="Endcap">Endcap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envelope" title="Envelope">Envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_container" title="Euro container">Euro container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexible_intermediate_bulk_container" title="Flexible intermediate bulk container">Flexible intermediate bulk container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexible_tank" title="Flexible tank">Flexible tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folding_carton" title="Folding carton">Folding carton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_bottle" title="Glass bottle">Glass bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunny_sack" title="Gunny sack">Gunny sack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inhaler" title="Inhaler">Inhaler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insulated_shipping_container" title="Insulated shipping container">Insulated shipping container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_bulk_container" title="Intermediate bulk container">Intermediate bulk container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jar" title="Jar">Jar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerrycan" title="Jerrycan">Jerrycan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jug" title="Jug">Jug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keg" title="Keg">Keg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesh_bag" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesh bag">Mesh bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilayered_packaging" title="Multilayered packaging">Multilayered packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-pack" title="Multi-pack">Multi-pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packet_(container)" title="Packet (container)">Packet (container)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padded_envelope" title="Padded envelope">Padded envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pail_(container)" title="Pail (container)">Pail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_bag" title="Paper bag">Paper bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_sack" class="mw-redirect" title="Paper sack">Paper sack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_bag" title="Plastic bag">Plastic bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_bottle" title="Plastic bottle">Plastic bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retort_pouch" title="Retort pouch">Retort pouch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvage_drum" title="Salvage drum">Salvage drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachet" title="Sachet">Sachet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Water_sachet" title="Water sachet">Water sachet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_bag" title="Security bag">Security bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipping_container" title="Shipping container">Shipping container</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipping_tube" title="Shipping tube">Shipping tube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skin_pack" title="Skin pack">Skin pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spray_bottle" title="Spray bottle">Spray bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squround" title="Squround">Squround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-up_pouch" title="Stand-up pouch">Stand-up pouch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_and_tin_cans" title="Steel and tin cans">Steel and tin cans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetra_Brik" title="Tetra Brik">Tetra Brik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_bag" title="Thermal bag">Thermal bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tub_(container)" title="Tub (container)">Tub (container)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tube_(container)" title="Tube (container)">Tube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_load" title="Unit load">Unit load</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vial" title="Vial">Vial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wooden_box" title="Wooden box">Wooden box</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Materials<br />and<br />components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adhesive" title="Adhesive">Adhesive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluminium_foil" title="Aluminium foil">Aluminium foil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bail_handle" title="Bail handle">Bail handle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioplastic" title="Bioplastic">Bioplastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodegradable_plastic" title="Biodegradable plastic">Biodegradable plastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BoPET" title="BoPET">BoPET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubble_wrap" title="Bubble wrap">Bubble wrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bung" class="mw-redirect" title="Bung">Bung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellophane" title="Cellophane">Cellophane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closure_(container)" title="Closure (container)">Closure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coated_paper" title="Coated paper">Coated paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coating" title="Coating">Coating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coextrusion#Coextrusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Coextrusion">Coextrusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Container_glass" title="Container glass">Container glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrugated_fiberboard" title="Corrugated fiberboard">Corrugated fiberboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrugated_plastic" title="Corrugated plastic">Corrugated plastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cushioning" class="mw-redirect" title="Cushioning">Cushioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiccant" title="Desiccant">Desiccant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_seam" title="Double seam">Double seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flip-top" title="Flip-top">Flip-top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foam_peanut" title="Foam peanut">Foam peanut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gel_pack" class="mw-redirect" title="Gel pack">Gel pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot-melt_adhesive" title="Hot-melt adhesive">Hot-melt adhesive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humidity_indicator_card" title="Humidity indicator card">Humidity indicator card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraft_paper" title="Kraft paper">Kraft paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Label" title="Label">Label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lid" title="Lid">Lid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_low-density_polyethylene" title="Linear low-density polyethylene">Linear low-density polyethylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_packaging_board" title="Liquid packaging board">Liquid packaging board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_hinge" title="Living hinge">Living hinge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-density_polyethylene" title="Low-density polyethylene">Low-density polyethylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_absorbent_pad" title="Meat absorbent pad">Meat absorbent pad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallised_film" title="Metallised film">Metallised film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modified_atmosphere" title="Modified atmosphere">Modified atmosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molded_pulp" title="Molded pulp">Molded pulp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonwoven_fabric" title="Nonwoven fabric">Nonwoven fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overwrap" title="Overwrap">Overwrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxygen_scavenger" title="Oxygen scavenger">Oxygen scavenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_handle" title="Package handle">Package handle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaging_gas" title="Packaging gas">Packaging gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallet" title="Pallet">Pallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper" title="Paper">Paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_pallet" title="Paper pallet">Paper pallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paperboard" title="Paperboard">Paperboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic-coated_paper" class="mw-redirect" title="Plastic-coated paper">Plastic-coated paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_film" title="Plastic film">Plastic film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_pallet" class="mw-redirect" title="Plastic pallet">Plastic pallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_wrap" title="Plastic wrap">Plastic wrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyester" title="Polyester">Polyester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyethylene" title="Polyethylene">Polyethylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polypropylene" title="Polypropylene">Polypropylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure-sensitive_tape" title="Pressure-sensitive tape">Pressure-sensitive tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump_dispenser" title="Pump dispenser">Pump dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_cap" title="Screw cap">Screw cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_cap_(wine)" title="Screw cap (wine)">Screw cap (wine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_printing" title="Security printing">Security printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_tape" title="Security tape">Security tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_detector" title="Shock detector">Shock detector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_and_vibration_data_logger" title="Shock and vibration data logger">Shock and vibration data logger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrink_wrap" title="Shrink wrap">Shrink wrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_sheet" title="Slip sheet">Slip sheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staple_(fastener)" title="Staple (fastener)">Staple (fastener)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strapping" title="Strapping">Strapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stretch_wrap" title="Stretch wrap">Stretch wrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susceptor" title="Susceptor">Susceptor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamper-evident_band" title="Tamper-evident band">Tamper-evident band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tear_tape" title="Tear tape">Tear tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperature_data_logger" title="Temperature data logger">Temperature data logger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_temperature_indicator" title="Time temperature indicator">Time temperature indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinning" title="Tinning">Tinplate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velostat" title="Velostat">Velostat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aseptic_processing" title="Aseptic processing">Aseptic processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authentication" title="Authentication">Authentication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_identification_and_data_capture" title="Automatic identification and data capture">Automatic identification and data capture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blow_fill_seal" title="Blow fill seal">Blow fill seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blow_molding" title="Blow molding">Blow molding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calender" title="Calender">Calendering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canning" title="Canning">Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coating" title="Coating">Coating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Containerization" title="Containerization">Containerization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Converting" class="mw-redirect" title="Converting">Converting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_treatment" title="Corona treatment">Corona treatment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtain_coating" title="Curtain coating">Curtain coating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_cutting_(web)" title="Die cutting (web)">Die cutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_forming_(plastics)" title="Die forming (plastics)">Die forming (plastics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_article_surveillance" title="Electronic article surveillance">Electronic article surveillance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrusion" title="Extrusion">Extrusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrusion_coating" title="Extrusion coating">Extrusion coating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flame_treatment" title="Flame treatment">Flame treatment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_production" title="Glass production">Glass production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphic_design" title="Graphic design">Graphic design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazard_analysis_and_critical_control_points" title="Hazard analysis and critical control points">Hazard analysis and critical control points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_seal" title="Hermetic seal">Hermetic seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Induction_sealing" title="Induction sealing">Induction sealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injection_moulding" title="Injection moulding">Injection moulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamination" title="Lamination">Lamination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_cutting" title="Laser cutting">Laser cutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molding_(process)" title="Molding (process)">Molding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_tracking" title="Package tracking">Package tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papermaking" title="Papermaking">Papermaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_extrusion" title="Plastic extrusion">Plastic extrusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_welding" title="Plastic welding">Plastic welding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printing" title="Printing">Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Product_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Product development">Product development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_control" title="Production control">Production control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quality_assurance" title="Quality assurance">Quality assurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification" title="Radio-frequency identification">Radio-frequency identification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll_slitting" title="Roll slitting">Roll slitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shearing_(manufacturing)" title="Shearing (manufacturing)">Shearing (manufacturing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoforming" title="Thermoforming">Thermoforming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_and_trace" title="Track and trace">Track and trace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultrasonic_welding" title="Ultrasonic welding">Ultrasonic welding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_forming" title="Vacuum forming">Vacuum forming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_packing" title="Vacuum packing">Vacuum packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verification_and_validation" title="Verification and validation">Verification and validation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Machinery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barcode_printer" title="Barcode printer">Barcode printer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barcode_reader" title="Barcode reader">Barcode reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottling_line" title="Bottling line">Bottling line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calender" title="Calender">Calender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Can_seamer" title="Can seamer">Can seamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_torque_tester" title="Cap torque tester">Cap torque tester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartoning_machine" title="Cartoning machine">Cartoning machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_sealer" title="Case sealer">Case sealer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Check_weigher" title="Check weigher">Check weigher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conveyor_system" title="Conveyor system">Conveyor system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_pump" title="Drum pump">Drum pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_core_stretch_wrapper" title="Extended core stretch wrapper">Extended core stretch wrapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filler_(packaging)" title="Filler (packaging)">Filler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_gun" title="Heat gun">Heat gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_sealer" title="Heat sealer">Heat sealer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_robot" title="Industrial robot">Industrial robot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injection_molding_machine" title="Injection molding machine">Injection molding machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Label_printer_applicator" title="Label printer applicator">Label printer applicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lineshaft_roller_conveyor" title="Lineshaft roller conveyor">Lineshaft roller conveyor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logistics_automation" title="Logistics automation">Logistics automation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material-handling_equipment" title="Material-handling equipment">Material-handling equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanical_brake_stretch_wrapper" title="Mechanical brake stretch wrapper">Mechanical brake stretch wrapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multihead_weigher" title="Multihead weigher">Multihead weigher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_stretch_wrapper" title="Orbital stretch wrapper">Orbital stretch wrapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaging_machinery" title="Packaging machinery">Packaging machinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallet_inverter" title="Pallet inverter">Pallet inverter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palletizer" title="Palletizer">Palletizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_wheel_blow_molding_systems" title="Rotary wheel blow molding systems">Rotary wheel blow molding systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seed-counting_machine" title="Seed-counting machine">Seed-counting machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrink_tunnel" title="Shrink tunnel">Shrink tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staple_gun" title="Staple gun">Staple gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_dispenser" title="Tape dispenser">Tape dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turntable_stretch_wrapper" title="Turntable stretch wrapper">Turntable stretch wrapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertical_form_fill_sealing_machine" title="Vertical form fill sealing machine">Vertical form fill sealing machine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Environment,<br />post-use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodegradation" title="Biodegradation">Biodegradation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Can_collecting" title="Can collecting">Can collecting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed-loop_box_reuse" title="Closed-loop box reuse">Closed-loop box reuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_engineering" title="Environmental engineering">Environmental engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_recycling" title="Glass recycling">Glass recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_ecology" title="Industrial ecology">Industrial ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life-cycle_assessment" title="Life-cycle assessment">Life-cycle assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litter" title="Litter">Litter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaging_waste" title="Packaging waste">Packaging waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_recycling" title="Paper recycling">Paper recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PET_bottle_recycling" title="PET bottle recycling">PET bottle recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_recycling" title="Plastic recycling">Plastic recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recycling" title="Recycling">Recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reusable_packaging" title="Reusable packaging">Reusable packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_logistics" title="Reverse 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