CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180125230349.htm","20180205185011","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1517856611"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="utf-8"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/> <meta id="viewport" name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/> <title>Using virtual reality to identify brain areas involved in memory -- ScienceDaily</title> <meta name="description" content="Virtual reality is helping neuroscientists get new insight into how different brain areas assemble memories in context." id="metasummary"/> <meta name="keywords" content="Memory; Neuroscience; Intelligence; Brain Injury; Dementia; Psychology; Alzheimer's; Disorders and Syndromes" id="metakeywords"/> <meta name="last-modified" content="Mon, 05 Feb 2018 18:47:01 GMT"/> <meta name="expires" content="Tue, 06 Feb 2018 06:47:01 GMT"/> <meta property="og:title" id="og_title" content="Using virtual reality to identify brain areas involved in memory"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:url" id="og_url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180125230349.htm"/> <meta property="og:image" id="og_image" content="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180125230349_1_540x360.jpg"/> <meta property="og:description" id="og_description" content="Virtual reality is helping neuroscientists get new insight into how different brain areas assemble memories in context."/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="ScienceDaily"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180125230349.htm"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="ScienceDaily: Latest Science News" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/rss/"/> <link href="/web/20180205185011cs_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <link href="/web/20180205185011cs_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <link href="/web/20180205185011cs_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/css/yamm.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <link href="/web/20180205185011cs_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/css/social-share-kit.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <link href="/web/20180205185011cs_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/css/custom-201711281147.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <script type="text/javascript"> var pageType = 'story'; </script><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/header-201710191435.js"></script><script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205185011js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WZW5FC5');</script> </head> <body>  <noscript><iframe src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011if_/https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WZW5FC5" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <header><div class="container white">  <div class="row header"> <div class="col-sm-5 col-md-4 no-padding-right"> <div class="logo"> <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/" title="ScienceDaily"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/sd-logo.png" height="43" width="260" alt="ScienceDaily" title="ScienceDaily"/></a> <hr class="hr-logo"/> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="motto">Your source for the latest research news</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-7 col-md-8 no-padding-left hidden-xs"> <div class="sharing"> <div id="controls" class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="..."> <a class="btn btn-default topbar hidden-xs">Follow</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://www.facebook.com/sciencedaily" class="btn btn-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Facebook"><i class="fa fa-facebook fa-fw"></i></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://twitter.com/sciencedaily" class="btn btn-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Twitter"><i class="fa fa-twitter fa-fw"></i></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://plus.google.com/+sciencedaily" class="btn btn-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Google+"><i class="fa fa-google-plus fa-fw"></i></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://www.linkedin.com/company/sciencedaily" class="btn btn-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="LinkedIn"><i class="fa fa-linkedin fa-fw"></i></a> <a class="btn btn-default topbar hidden-xs">Subscribe</a> <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/newsfeeds.htm" class="btn btn-default hidden-tiny" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="RSS Feeds"><i class="fa fa-rss fa-fw"></i></a> <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/newsletters.htm" class="btn btn-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Newsletters"><i class="fa fa-envelope-o fa-fw"></i></a> </div> </div> <div class="breaking-news hidden-xs"> <span class="pull-left"><strong><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/breaking/">Just In</a>:</strong></span> <span class="pull-left"> <ul id="justin_headlines" class="list-unstyled newsticker"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180205125728.htm">Microplastic Pollution Harms Land-Based ...</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202153204.htm">Natural Telescope Sets New Magnification Record</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180131090249.htm">New Explanation for Why Airways Close in Asthma</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202140910.htm">Woodpeckers' Brain Damage: How They Cope</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202140907.htm">Building Mini DNA-Guided Optical Antennas</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202123734.htm">Planets Discovered Outside of Our Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202112621.htm">Cheetahs' Inner Ear Is One-Of-A-Kind</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180130123656.htm">Brain Pacemaker: Slowing Decline of Alzheimer's</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202085241.htm">In Wine, There's Health</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202085237.htm">Computer Reads Brain, IDs Your Music</a></li> </ul></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="unit1"> <div class="textrule"> <span>advertisement</span> </div> <div class="ad-tag" data-ad-name="Leaderboard" data-ad-size="auto"></div> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205185011js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(deployads = window.deployads || []).push({});</script> </div> <div id="message_box" class="hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <div id="message"></div> </div> </div>  </header><div id="contents" class="container white"> <div class="row">  <div class="col-sm-8 main less-padding-right hyphenate">  <div class="head no-print"> <div class="pull-left head-left">Science News</div> <div class="pull-right head-right">from research organizations</div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <hr class="head-rule no-print"/> <h1 id="headline" class="headline">Using virtual reality to identify brain areas involved in memory</h1> <dl class="dl-horizontal dl-custom"> <dt>Date:</dt> <dd id="date_posted">January 25, 2018</dd> <dt>Source:</dt> <dd id="source">University of California - Davis</dd> <dt>Summary:</dt> <dd id="abstract">Virtual reality is helping neuroscientists get new insight into how different brain areas assemble memories in context. </dd> <dt class="no-print">Share:</dt> <dd class="no-print"> <div id="share_top"> <div data-url="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011oe_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180125230349.htm" class="ssk-sm ssk-group"> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-facebook"></a> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-twitter"></a> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-google-plus"></a> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-pinterest"></a> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-linkedin"></a> <a class="ssk ssk-icon ssk-email"></a> </div> </div> </dd> </dl> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 col-md-push-4"> <div class="fullstory">FULL STORY</div> <hr class="hr-fullstory"/> <div id="story_photo" class="hyphenate"> <div class="photo-image"><img class="img-responsive center-block" src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180125230349_1_540x360.jpg" width="540" height="335.25" title="Click to enlarge" alt="" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal"/></div> <div class="photo-caption">UC Davis neuroscientists are using virtual reality to investigate how memories are organized. Graduate student Halle Dimsdale-Zucker showed subjects movies created with virtual sketching software and asked them questions about objects inside the houses. She was able to show that different regions of a brain structure called the hippocampus play different roles in remembering items in context.</div> <div class="photo-credit"><em>Credit: Halle Dimsdale-Zucker, UC Davis</em></div> <div class="clearfix"></div>  <div class="modal fade" id="myModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content modal-content-custom"> <div class="modal-image"><img class="img-responsive center-block" src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180125230349_1_900x600.jpg" width="720" height="447"/></div> <div class="modal-text"> <div class="modal-caption">UC Davis neuroscientists are using virtual reality to investigate how memories are organized. Graduate student Halle Dimsdale-Zucker showed subjects movies created with virtual sketching software and asked them questions about objects inside the houses. She was able to show that different regions of a brain structure called the hippocampus play different roles in remembering items in context.</div> <div class="modal-credit"><em>Credit: Halle Dimsdale-Zucker, UC Davis</em></div> <div class="modal-close"><button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button></div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="clearfix"></div> <div id="story_text" class="hyphenate"> <p id="first" class="lead">Virtual reality is helping neuroscientists at the University of California, Davis, get new insight into how different brain areas assemble memories in context.</p> <div class="mobile-top-rectangle hidden-md hidden-lg"> <div class="textrule"> <span>advertisement</span> </div> <div class="ad-tag" data-ad-name="Rectangle" data-ad-size="300x250"></div> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205185011js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(deployads = window.deployads || []).push({});</script><hr class="hrrule"/> </div> <div id="text"> <p>In a study published Jan. 18 in the journal <em>Nature Communications</em>, graduate student Halle Dimsdale-Zucker and colleagues used a virtual reality environment to train subjects, then showed that different areas of the hippocampus are activated for different types of memories.</p> <p>It's well known that one memory can trigger related memories. We remember specific events with context -- when and where it happened, who was there. Different memories can have specific context, as well as information that is the same between memories -- for example, events that occurred in the same location.</p> <p>Dimsdale-Zucker and Professor Charan Ranganath at the UC Davis Center for Neuroscience and Department of Psychology are interested in how the brain assembles all the pieces of these memories. They use functional magnetic resonance imaging, or fMRI, to look for brain areas that are activated as memories are recalled, especially in the hippocampus, a small structure in the center of the brain.</p> <p>For this study, Dimsdale-Zucker used architectural sketching software to build houses in a 3-D virtual environment. The subjects watched a series of videos in which they went into one house then another. In each video, different objects were positioned within the houses. The subjects therefore memorized the objects in two contexts: which video (episodic memory) and which house (spatial memory).</p> <p>In the second phase of the study, the subjects were asked to try to remember the objects while they were scanned by fMRI.</p> <p>Being asked about the objects spontaneously reactivated contextual information, Dimsdale-Zucker said. Different regions of the hippocampus were activated for different kinds of information: One area, CA1, was associated with representing shared information about contexts (e.g., objects that were in the same video); another, distinct area was linked to representing differences in context.</p> <p>"What's exciting is that it is intuitive that you can remember a unique experience, but the hippocampus is also involved in linking similar experiences," Dimsdale-Zucker said. "You need both to be able to remember."</p> <p>Another interesting finding was that in this study, the hippocampus was involved in episodic memories linking both time and space, she said. Conventional thinking has been that the hippocampus codes primarily for spatial memories, for example those involved in navigation.</p> <p>Virtual reality makes it possible to carry out controlled laboratory experiments with episodic memory, Dimsdale-Zucker said. A better understanding of how memories are formed, stored and recalled could eventually lead to better diagnosis and treatment for memory problems in aging or degenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.</p> </div> <div class="mobile-middle-rectangle hidden-md hidden-lg"> <div class="textrule"> <span>advertisement</span> </div> <div class="ad-tag" data-ad-name="Rectangle2" data-ad-size="300x250"></div> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205185011js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(deployads = window.deployads || []).push({});</script><hr class="hrrule"/> </div> <hr class="hidden-sm hidden-xs"/> <div id="story_source"> <p><strong>Story Source:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://www.ucdavis.edu/news/using-virtual-reality-identify-brain-areas-involved-memory" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Materials</a> provided by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/http://www.ucdavis.edu/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><strong>University of California - Davis</strong></a>. <em>Note: Content may be edited for style and length.</em></p> </div>  <hr/> <div id="journal_references"><p><strong>Journal Reference</strong>:</p> <ol class="journal"> <li>Halle R. Dimsdale-Zucker, Maureen Ritchey, Arne D. Ekstrom, Andrew P. Yonelinas, Charan Ranganath. <strong>CA1 and CA3 differentially support spontaneous retrieval of episodic contexts within human hippocampal subfields</strong>. <em>Nature Communications</em>, 2018; 9 (1) DOI: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02752-1" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">10.1038/s41467-017-02752-1</a> </li> </ol> <hr/> </div>  <div id="citations"> <div role="tabpanel" class="right-tabs clearfix"> <p class="pull-left"><strong>Cite This Page</strong>:</p>  <ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist"> <li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#citation_mla" aria-controls="citation_mla" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">MLA</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="#citation_apa" aria-controls="citation_apa" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">APA</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="#citation_chicago" aria-controls="citation_chicago" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Chicago</a></li> </ul> <div class="tab-content tab-citations"> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane active" id="citation_mla">University of California - Davis. "Using virtual reality to identify brain areas involved in memory." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 25 January 2018. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180125230349.htm>.</div> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="citation_apa">University of California - Davis. (2018, January 25). Using virtual reality to identify brain areas involved in memory. <em>ScienceDaily</em>. Retrieved February 5, 2018 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180125230349.htm</div> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="citation_chicago">University of California - Davis. "Using virtual reality to identify brain areas involved in memory." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180125230349.htm (accessed February 5, 2018).</div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div>   <div class="mobile-bottom-rectangle hidden-md hidden-lg"> <div class="textrule"> <span>advertisement</span> </div> <div class="ad-tag" data-ad-name="Rectangle3" data-ad-size="300x250"></div> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205185011js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(deployads = window.deployads || []).push({});</script><hr class="hrrule"/> </div>  <div class="clearfix"></div> <br/> </div>  </div>  <div class="col-md-4 col-md-pull-8 less-padding-left no-print"> <div class="row hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <div class="col-xs-6 col-md-12"> <ul class="nav topics"> <li class="nav-header"> <a href="#">RELATED TOPICS</a> <ul id="related_topics" class="nav subnav"> <li> <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/">Mind & Brain</a> <ul class="nav nav-condensed fa-ul"> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/memory/" rel="tag">Memory</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/neuroscience/" rel="tag">Neuroscience</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/intelligence/" rel="tag">Intelligence</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/brain_injury/" rel="tag">Brain Injury</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/dementia/" rel="tag">Dementia</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/psychology/" rel="tag">Psychology</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/alzheimer's/" rel="tag">Alzheimer's</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/disorders_and_syndromes/" rel="tag">Disorders and Syndromes</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div>  <div class="col-xs-6 col-md-12"> <div class="left-skyscraper center-block hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <div class="textrule"> <span>advertisement</span> </div> <div class="ad-tag" data-ad-name="Skyscraper" data-ad-size="160x600"></div> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205185011js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(deployads = window.deployads || []).push({});</script><hr class="hrrule"/> </div> </div>  <div class="col-xs-6 col-md-12"> <ul class="nav topics"> <li class="nav-header"> <a href="#">RELATED TERMS</a> <ul id="related_terms" class="nav nav-condensed fa-ul"> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/virtual_reality.htm">Virtual reality</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/phobia.htm">Phobia</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/psychedelic_drug.htm">Psychedelic drug</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/limbic_system.htm">Limbic system</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/brain_damage.htm">Brain damage</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/list_of_cognitive_biases.htm">List of cognitive biases</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/thalamus.htm">Thalamus</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa-li fa fa-angle-right"></i><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/functional_neuroimaging.htm">Functional neuroimaging</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div>  </div>  </div>  </div>  <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="fullstory">RELATED STORIES</div> <hr class="hr-fullstory"/> <div id="related_releases"> <h5 class="related-headline clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/12/171222092552.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2017/12/171222092552_1_75x50.jpg" class="related-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>How Odors Are Turned Into Long-Term Memories</a></h5> <div class="related-summary"> <span class="story-date">Dec. 22, 2017 </span> Neuroscientists have investigated which brain area is responsible for storing odors as long-term memories. Some odors can trigger memories of experiences from years back. A new study shows that the ... <span class="more"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/12/171222092552.htm">read more</a> <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right red"></i></span> </div> <h5 class="related-headline clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/05/160505140919.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2016/05/160505140919_1_75x50.jpg" class="related-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Come to Think of It or Not: Study Shows How Memories Can Be Intentionally Forgotten</a></h5> <div class="related-summary"> <span class="story-date">May 5, 2016 </span> Context plays a big role in our memories, both good and bad. Bruce Springsteen's 'Born to Run' on the car radio, for example, may remind you of your first love -- or your first speeding ticket. But a ... <span class="more"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/05/160505140919.htm">read more</a> <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right red"></i></span> </div> <h5 class="related-headline clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/01/160128133424.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2016/01/160128133424_1_75x50.jpg" class="related-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Synchronized Brain Waves in Distant Regions Combine Memories</a></h5> <div class="related-summary"> <span class="story-date">Jan. 28, 2016 </span> Humans have the remarkable ability to integrate information from multiple memories and infer indirect relationships. How does our brain support this important function? Neuroscientists have now shown ... <span class="more"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/01/160128133424.htm">read more</a> <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right red"></i></span> </div> <h5 class="related-headline clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150728091950.htm">Where Memory Is Encoded and Retrieved: New Findings in a Long-Standing Debate</a></h5> <div class="related-summary"> <span class="story-date">July 28, 2015 </span> Are the same regions and even the same cells of the brain area called hippocampus involved in encoding and retrieving memories or are different areas of this structure engaged? This question has kept ... <span class="more"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150728091950.htm">read more</a> <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right red"></i></span> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="col-md-6 less-padding-left no-print"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-12"> <div class="aroundtheweb-title">FROM AROUND THE WEB</div> <hr class="aroundtheweb-rule"/> <div class="aroundtheweb-disclosure">Below are relevant articles that may interest you. ScienceDaily shares links and proceeds with scholarly publications in the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://www.trendmd.com/how-it-works-readers?utm_source=ScienceDaily&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=SD_Widget" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">TrendMD network</a>.</div> <div id="trendmd-suggestions"></div> </div>  </div>  </div>  </div>  </div>   <div class="col-sm-4 less-padding-left sidebar no-print hidden-xs"> <div class="pull-right btn-group btn-group-sm tools-top hidden-tiny hidden-xs" role="group" aria-label="..."> <a class="btn btn-default print black"><i class="fa fa-print"></i>   <span class="hidden-sm">Print</span> </a><a class="btn btn-default email black"><span class="fa fa-envelope"></span>   <span class="hidden-sm">Email</span></a> <a class="btn btn-default black" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#shareModal"><i class="fa fa-share"></i>   <span class="hidden-sm">Share</span></a> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <hr class="hr-tools-top"/> <div class="half-page hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <div class="textrule"> <span>advertisement</span> </div> <div class="ad-tag" data-ad-name="HalfPage" data-ad-size="300x600"></div> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205185011js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(deployads = window.deployads || []).push({});</script><hr class="hrrule"/> </div> <div class="head"> <div id="most_popular_heading" class="pull-left head-left">Most Popular</div> <div class="pull-right head-right">this week</div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <hr class="head-rule"/> <div id="most_popular_section1_head" class="side-subhead"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/" class="gray">HEALTH & MEDICINE</a> </div> <div id="most_popular_section1"> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180131184751.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180131184751_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Cancer 'Vaccine' Eliminates Tumors in Mice</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202085241.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/02/180202085241_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>In Wine, There's Health: Low Levels of Alcohol Good for the Brain</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180130091144.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180130091144_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Study Proves 'Muscle Memory' Exists at a DNA Level</a></h5> </div> <div id="most_popular_section2_head" class="side-subhead"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/" class="gray">MIND & BRAIN</a> </div> <div id="most_popular_section2"> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180123101908.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180123101908_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Curcumin Improves Memory and Mood</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180123112606.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180123112606_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Cognitive Training Helps Regain a Younger-Working Brain</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180130123643.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180130123643_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Your Brain Reveals Who Your Friends Are</a></h5> </div> <div id="most_popular_section3_head" class="side-subhead"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/living_well/" class="gray">LIVING & WELL</a> </div> <div id="most_popular_section3"> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180122091249.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180122091249_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Screen-Addicted Teens Are Unhappy</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180117163954.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180117163954_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>The Creative Brain Is Wired Differently</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202085237.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/02/180202085237_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Computer Reads Brain Activity to Find out the Music Each Person Is Listening to</a></h5> </div> <div class="unit2 hidden-tiny hidden-xs hidden-sm"> <div class="textrule"> <span>advertisement</span> </div> <div class="ad-tag" data-ad-name="Rectangle" data-ad-size="300x250"></div> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205185011js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(deployads = window.deployads || []).push({});</script><hr class="hrrule"/> </div> <div class="head"> <div id="strange_offbeat_heading" class="pull-left head-left">Strange & Offbeat</div> <div class="pull-right head-right"> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <hr class="head-rule"/> <div id="strange_offbeat_section1_head" class="side-subhead"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/strange_offbeat/health_medicine/" class="gray">HEALTH & MEDICINE</a> </div> <div id="strange_offbeat_section1"> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202112641.htm">New Technology: Edible QR Code Can Be the Medicine of the Future</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180131090302.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180131090302_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Engineers 3-D Print Shape-Shifting Smart Gel</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180131085837.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180131085837_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Augmented Reality Helps Surgeons to 'See Through' Tissue and Reconnect Blood Vessels</a></h5> </div> <div id="strange_offbeat_section2_head" class="side-subhead"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/strange_offbeat/mind_brain/" class="gray">MIND & BRAIN</a> </div> <div id="strange_offbeat_section2"> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202112639.htm">Can Your Brain Testify Against You?</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180202085237.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/02/180202085237_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Computer Reads Brain Activity to Find out the Music Each Person Is Listening to</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180129092926.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180129092926_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>One Step Ahead – What Happens in the Brain Before a Bungee Jump?</a></h5> </div> <div id="strange_offbeat_section3_head" class="side-subhead"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/strange_offbeat/living_well/" class="gray">LIVING & WELL</a> </div> <div id="strange_offbeat_section3"> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180125135548.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180125135548_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Mosquitoes Remember Human Smells, but Also Swats</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180125085116.htm">What Is the Environmental Impact of Your Lunch-Time Sandwich?</a></h5> <h5 class="clearfix"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/01/180124131711.htm"><img src="/web/20180205185011im_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2018/01/180124131711_1_75x50.jpg" class="side-image" width="75" height="50" alt=""/>Eating Insects Might Seem Yucky, but They Are Nutritious and There Is No Reason You Can't</a></h5> </div>  <div class="bottom-rectangle hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <div class="textrule"> <span>advertisement</span> </div> <div class="ad-tag" data-ad-name="Rectangle2" data-ad-size="300x250"></div> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180205185011js_/https://tags-cdn.deployads.com/a/sciencedaily.com.js" async></script><script>(deployads = window.deployads || []).push({});</script><hr class="hrrule"/> </div>  </div>  </div>  </div>  <div id="navwrapper"> <div id="topnav">  <nav class="navbar yamm navbar-default navbar-static navbar-custom"><div class="container"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed menu" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span>Menu  <i class="fa fa-bars"></i></span> </button> <a class="navbar-toggle collapsed mode"><i class="fa fa-desktop fa-fw"></i> Full<span class="hidden-tiny"> View</span></a> <a class="navbar-toggle collapsed fs-widget"></a> <a class="navbar-brand visible-xs" href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/"><span class="icon-s">S<span class="icon-d">D</span></span></a> <ul class="nav navbar-nav hidden-xs"> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="navbar-brand dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false"><span class="icon-s">S<span class="icon-d">D</span></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu brand" role="menu"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/">Home Page</a></li> <li class="divider"> </li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/top/science/">Top Science News</a></li> <li class="divider"> </li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/">Latest News</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="dropdown visible-xs"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false">Home <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/">Home Page</a></li> <li class="divider"> </li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/top/science/">Top Science News</a></li> <li class="divider"> </li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/">Latest News</a></li> </ul>  </li>  <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false">Health <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-left" role="menu"> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="yamm-content hyphenate"> <div>View all the latest <strong><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/top/health/">top news</a></strong> in the health sciences, <span class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><br/></span>or browse the topics below:</div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/">Health & Medicine</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/allergy/">Allergy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/alternative_medicine/">Alternative Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/birth_control/">Birth Control</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/cancer/">Cancer</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/diabetes/">Diabetes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/diseases_and_conditions/">Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/heart_disease/">Heart Disease</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/hiv_and_aids/">HIV and AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/obesity/">Obesity</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/stem_cells/">Stem Cells</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/">Mind & Brain</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/add_and_adhd/">ADD and ADHD</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/addiction/">Addiction</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/alzheimer's/">Alzheimer's</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/autism/">Autism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/depression/">Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/headaches/">Headaches</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/intelligence/">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/psychology/">Psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/relationships/">Relationships</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/schizophrenia/">Schizophrenia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/living_well/">Living Well</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/parenting/">Parenting</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/pregnancy_and_childbirth/">Pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/sexual_health/">Sexual Health</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/skin_care/">Skin Care</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/men's_health/">Men's Health</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/women's_health/">Women's Health</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/nutrition/">Nutrition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/diet_and_weight_loss/">Diet and Weight Loss</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/fitness/">Fitness</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/healthy_aging/">Healthy Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/living_well/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  </div>  </div>  </li>  </ul>  </li>  <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false">Tech <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-left" role="menu"> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="yamm-content hyphenate"> <div>View all the latest <strong><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/top/technology/">top news</a></strong> in the physical sciences & technology, <span class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><br/></span>or browse the topics below:</div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/">Matter & Energy</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/aviation/">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/chemistry/">Chemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/electronics/">Electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/fossil_fuels/">Fossil Fuels</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/nanotechnology/">Nanotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/physics/">Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/quantum_physics/">Quantum Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/solar_energy/">Solar Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/technology/">Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/wind_energy/">Wind Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/">Space & Time</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/astronomy/">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/black_holes/">Black Holes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/dark_matter/">Dark Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/extrasolar_planets/">Extrasolar Planets</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/mars/">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/moon/">Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/solar_system/">Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/space_telescopes/">Space Telescopes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/stars/">Stars</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/sun/">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/">Computers & Math</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/artificial_intelligence/">Artificial Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/communications/">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/computer_science/">Computer Science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/hacking/">Hacking</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/mathematics/">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/quantum_computers/">Quantum Computers</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/robotics/">Robotics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/software/">Software</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/video_games/">Video Games</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/virtual_reality/">Virtual Reality</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  </div>  </div>  </li>  </ul>  </li>  <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false">Enviro <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-left" role="menu"> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="yamm-content hyphenate"> <div>View all the latest <strong><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/top/environment/">top news</a></strong> in the environmental sciences, <span class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><br/></span>or browse the topics below:</div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/">Plants & Animals</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/agriculture_and_food/">Agriculture and Food</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/animals/">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/biology/">Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/biotechnology/">Biotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/endangered_animals/">Endangered Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/extinction/">Extinction</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/genetically_modified/">Genetically Modified</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/microbes_and_more/">Microbes and More</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/new_species/">New Species</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/zoology/">Zoology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/">Earth & Climate</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/climate/">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/earthquakes/">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/environmental_science/">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/geography/">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/geology/">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/global_warming/">Global Warming</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/hurricanes_and_cyclones/">Hurricanes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/ozone_holes/">Ozone Holes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/pollution/">Pollution</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/weather/">Weather</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/">Fossils & Ruins</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/ancient_civilizations/">Ancient Civilizations</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/anthropology/">Anthropology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/archaeology/">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/dinosaurs/">Dinosaurs</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/early_humans/">Early Humans</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/early_mammals/">Early Mammals</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/evolution/">Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/lost_treasures/">Lost Treasures</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/origin_of_life/">Origin of Life</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/paleontology/">Paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/fossils_ruins/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  </div>  </div>  </li>  </ul>  </li>  <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false">Society <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-left" role="menu"> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="yamm-content hyphenate"> <div>View all the latest <strong><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/top/society/">top news</a></strong> in the social sciences & education, <span class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><br/></span>or browse the topics below:</div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/">Science & Society</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/arts_and_culture/">Arts & Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/consumerism/">Consumerism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/economics/">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/political_science/">Political Science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/privacy_issues/">Privacy Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/public_health/">Public Health</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/racial_disparity/">Racial Disparity</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/religion/">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/sports/">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/world_development/">World Development</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/business_industry/">Business & Industry</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/biotechnology_and_bioengineering/">Biotechnology & Bioengineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/computers_and_internet/">Computers & Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/energy_and_resources/">Energy & Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/engineering/">Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/medical_technology/">Medical Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/pharmaceuticals/">Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/automotive_and_transportation/">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/business_industry/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="menu-section"><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/education_learning/">Education & Learning</a></div> <ul class="list-unstyled menu-topics"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/plants_animals/animal_learning_and_intelligence/">Animal Learning & Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/creativity/">Creativity</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/educational_psychology/">Educational Psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/computers_math/educational_technology/">Educational Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/infant_and_preschool_learning/">Infant & Preschool Learning</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/mind_brain/learning_disorders/">Learning Disorders</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/science_society/stem_education/">STEM Education</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/education_learning/">... <em>more topics</em></a></li> </ul>  </div>  </div>  </div>  </li>  </ul>  </li>  <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false">Quirky <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/strange_offbeat/">Top News</a></li> <li class="divider"> </li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/strange_offbeat/human_quirks/">Human Quirks</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/strange_offbeat/odd_creatures/">Odd Creatures</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/strange_offbeat/bizarre_things/">Bizarre Things</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/strange_offbeat/weird_world/">Weird World</a></li> </ul>  </li>  <li><a class="mode hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md"><i class="fa fa-desktop fa-fw"></i> Full View</a></li> </ul> <form action="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/search/" method="get" class="navbar-form navbar-right" role="search"> <a class="fs-widget hidden-xs"></a> <div class="form-group search"> <div class="input-group"> <input type="text" id="keyword" name="keyword" class="form-control hidden-sm" placeholder="Search"/><span class="input-group-btn"><button class="btn btn-default" type="submit"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></button></span> <input type="hidden" id="list_view" value="summaries"/><input type="hidden" id="saved_summaries"/><input type="hidden" id="saved_headlines"/><input type="hidden" id="excluded_filenames" value=""/> </div> </div> </form> </div>  </div> </nav> </div> </div>  <footer><div class="container light-gray"> <div class="row footer-links"> <div class="col-sm-8 col-md-4"> <div class="footer-head">Free Subscriptions</div> <hr class="footer-rule"/> <p>Get the latest science news with ScienceDaily's free email newsletters, updated daily and weekly. Or view hourly updated newsfeeds in your RSS reader:</p> <ul class="list-unstyled footer-list"> <li> <i class="fa fa-envelope fa-fw"></i> <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/newsletters.htm">Email Newsletters</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa fa-rss fa-fw"></i> <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/newsfeeds.htm">RSS Feeds</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-8 col-md-4"> <div class="footer-head">Follow Us</div> <hr class="footer-rule"/> <p>Keep up to date with the latest news from ScienceDaily via social networks:</p> <ul class="list-unstyled footer-list"> <li> <i class="fa fa-facebook fa-fw"></i> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://www.facebook.com/sciencedaily">Facebook</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa fa-twitter fa-fw"></i> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://twitter.com/sciencedaily">Twitter</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa fa-google-plus fa-fw"></i> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://plus.google.com/+sciencedaily">Google+</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa fa-linkedin fa-fw"></i> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://www.linkedin.com/company/sciencedaily">LinkedIn</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-8 col-md-4"> <div class="footer-head">Have Feedback?</div> <hr class="footer-rule"/> <p>Tell us what you think of ScienceDaily -- we welcome both positive and negative comments. Have any problems using the site? Questions?</p> <ul class="list-unstyled footer-list"> <li> <i class="fa fa-comment fa-fw"></i> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205185011/https://sciencedaily.wufoo.com/forms/sciencedaily-feedback/">Leave Feedback</a> </li> <li> <i class="fa fa-phone fa-fw"></i> <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/contact.htm">Contact Us</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container dark-gray"> <div class="bottom-links"> <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/about.htm">About This Site</a>  |  <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/staff.htm">Editorial Staff</a>  |  <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/awards.htm">Awards & Reviews</a>  |  <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/contribute.htm">Contribute</a>  |  <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/advertise.htm">Advertise</a>  |  <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/privacy.htm">Privacy Policy</a>  |  <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms.htm">Terms of Use</a> </div> <div> <a href="/web/20180205185011/https://www.sciencedaily.com/copyright.htm">Copyright 2017 ScienceDaily</a> or by other parties, where indicated. All rights controlled by their respective owners.</div> <div>Content on this website is for information only. It is not intended to provide medical or other professional advice.</div> <div>Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily, its staff, its contributors, or its partners.</div> <div>Financial support for ScienceDaily comes from advertisements and referral programs, where indicated.</div> </div> </footer><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/jquery.min.js"></script><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/jquery.newsTicker.min.js"></script><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/jquery.cookie.js"></script><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/jquery.fontResize-201506101219.js"></script><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/jQuery.print.js"></script><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/social-share-kit.min.js"></script><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/custom-201705211014.js"></script><script src="/web/20180205185011js_/https://www.sciencedaily.com/js/footer-201711021057.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var pxl = document.createElement('img'); pxl.async = true; pxl.src = '/img/180125230349.gif'; pxl.width = 1; pxl.height = 1; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(pxl, s); })(); </script> </body> </html>