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What would Jesus do? - Wikipedia
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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Snowclones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Snowclones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">What would Jesus do?</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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D. – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="W. W. J. D." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_would_Jesus_do%3F" title="What would Jesus do? – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="What would Jesus do?" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Would_Jesus_Do%3F" title="What Would Jesus Do? – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="What Would Jesus Do?" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Would_Jesus_Do%3F" title="What Would Jesus Do? – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="What Would Jesus Do?" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.W.J.D." title="W.W.J.D. – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="W.W.J.D." data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E8%A1%8C%E4%BD%95%E4%BA%8B%EF%BC%9F" title="耶穌行何事? – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="耶穌行何事?" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=What_would_Reagan_do%3F&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="What would Reagan do?">What would Reagan do?</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Phrase popular in the 1990s in the United States</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WWJD-bracelet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/WWJD-bracelet.jpg/220px-WWJD-bracelet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/WWJD-bracelet.jpg/330px-WWJD-bracelet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/WWJD-bracelet.jpg/440px-WWJD-bracelet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="479" data-file-height="343" /></a><figcaption>A W.W.J.D. bracelet</figcaption></figure> <p>The phrase "<b>What would Jesus do?</b>", often abbreviated to <b>WWJD</b>, became particularly popular in the United States in the early 1900s, following the 1896 novel <i><a href="/wiki/In_His_Steps" title="In His Steps">In His Steps: What Would Jesus Do?</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Sheldon" title="Charles Sheldon">Charles Sheldon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The phrase saw a resurgence in the 1990s as a personal <a href="/wiki/Motto" title="Motto">motto</a> for <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a>, who used it as a reminder of their belief in the <a href="/wiki/Moral_imperative" title="Moral imperative">moral imperative</a> in a way that demonstrated the love of <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> through their actions.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCnews_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCnews-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HelmekeSori2012_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HelmekeSori2012-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resurgence of the motto in the 1990s stemmed from the WWJD abbreviation on wristbands that became popular among Christian youth groups.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCnews_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCnews-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HelmekeSori2012_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HelmekeSori2012-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=What_would_Jesus_do%3F&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theological_background">Theological background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=What_would_Jesus_do%3F&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Theological background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Christian_perfection" title="Christian perfection">Christian perfection</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imitatio_Dei" class="mw-redirect" title="Imitatio Dei">Imitatio Dei</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">Holiness movement</a></div> <p>The concept is based on the <a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Galatians" title="Epistle to the Galatians">Epistle to the Galatians</a> chapter 2 verse 20, where <a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Tarsus" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul of Tarsus">Paul of Tarsus</a> says that Christ lives in Christians and was developed with the doctrine of "Imitatio Christi" (<a href="/wiki/Imitation_of_Christ" title="Imitation of Christ">imitation of Christ</a>) by <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a> in 400.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a> emphasizes the concept of <i>Imitatio Christi</i> (<a href="/wiki/Imitation_of_Christ" title="Imitation of Christ">imitation of Christ</a>), which is summarized in the English phrase "What Would Jesus Do?"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earliest_use_of_the_phrase">Earliest use of the phrase</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=What_would_Jesus_do%3F&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Earliest use of the phrase"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Charles_Spurgeon" title="Charles Spurgeon">Charles Spurgeon</a>, a well-known evangelical <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> preacher in London, used the phrase "what would Jesus do" in quotation marks several times in a sermon he gave on June 28, 1891.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his sermon he cites the source of the phrase as a book written in Latin by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_%C3%A0_Kempis" title="Thomas à Kempis">Thomas à Kempis</a> between 1418 and 1427, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Imitation_of_Christ" title="The Imitation of Christ">Imitatio Christi</a></i> (The Imitation of Christ). </p><p>The Rev. A.B. Simpson, founder of the <a href="/wiki/Christian_and_Missionary_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian and Missionary Alliance">Christian and Missionary Alliance</a> Church, wrote both the lyrics and music of a Gospel Hymn "What Would Jesus Do" with a copyright date of 1891. It can be found at #669 in <i>Hymns of the Christian Life</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1896_novel">1896 novel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=What_would_Jesus_do%3F&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1896 novel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sheldon" title="Charles Sheldon">Charles Sheldon</a>'s 1896 book <i><a href="/wiki/In_His_Steps" title="In His Steps">In His Steps</a></i> was subtitled "What Would Jesus Do?"<sup id="cite_ref-BBCnews_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCnews-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sheldon's novel grew out of a series of sermons he delivered in his <a href="/wiki/Congregational_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational church">Congregationalist</a> church in <a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">Topeka, Kansas</a>. Unlike the previous nuances mentioned above, Sheldon's theology was shaped by a commitment to <a href="/wiki/Christian_socialism" title="Christian socialism">Christian socialism</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Ethos" title="Ethos">ethos</a> of Sheldon's approach to the Christian life was expressed in this phrase "What Would Jesus Do", with Jesus being a moral example as well as a Saviour figure.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sheldon's ideas coalesced with those that formed into the <a href="/wiki/Social_Gospel" title="Social Gospel">Social Gospel</a> espoused by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Rauschenbusch" title="Walter Rauschenbusch">Walter Rauschenbusch</a>. Indeed, Rauschenbusch acknowledged that his Social Gospel owed its inspiration directly to Sheldon's novel,<sup id="cite_ref-FloridaCara_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FloridaCara-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Sheldon himself identified his own <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a> with the Social Gospel.<sup id="cite_ref-FloridaCara_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FloridaCara-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to a mistake by the original publisher, the copyright for Sheldon's novel was never established and multiple publishers were able to print and sell the novel. This caused the novel to be easily affordable and it sold 30 million copies worldwide, making it one of the top 50 bestselling novels ever.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCnews_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCnews-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In this popular novel (it had been translated into 21 <a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">languages</a> by 1935), Rev. Henry Maxwell encounters a <a href="/wiki/Homelessness" title="Homelessness">homeless</a> man who challenges him to take seriously the imitation of <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Christ</a>. The homeless man has difficulty understanding why, in his view, so many Christians ignore the poor: </p> <blockquote><div class="poem"> <p>I heard some people singing at a church prayer meeting the other night,<br /> <br /> "All for Jesus, all for Jesus,<br /> All my being's ransomed powers,<br /> All my thoughts, and all my doings,<br /> All my days, and all my hours."<br /> <br /> and I kept wondering as I sat on the steps outside just what they meant by it. It seems to me there's an awful lot of trouble in the world that somehow wouldn't exist if all the people who sing such songs went and lived them out. I suppose I don't understand. But <b>what would Jesus do?</b> Is that what you mean by following His steps? It seems to me sometimes as if the people in the big churches had good clothes and nice houses to live in, and money to spend for luxuries, and could go away on summer vacations and all that, while the people outside the churches, thousands of them, I mean, die in tenements, and walk the streets for jobs, and never have a piano or a picture in the house, and grow up in misery and drunkenness and sin."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <p>This leads to many of the novel's characters asking, "What would Jesus do?" when faced with decisions of some importance. This has the effect of making the characters embrace Christianity more seriously and to focus on what they see as its core – the life of Christ. </p><p>In 1993, Garrett W. Sheldon (great-grandson of the original author) and Deborah Morris published <i>What Would Jesus Do? : a contemporary retelling of Charles M. Sheldon's classic In His Steps</i>. Garrett Sheldon states that his updated version "is based on many actual events in the lives of believers."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is possible that Sheldon was familiar with either Spurgeon or Thomas, or that he was independently inspired. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990s">1990s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=What_would_Jesus_do%3F&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At Calvary Reformed Church, <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Holland,_Michigan" title="Holland, Michigan">Holland, Michigan</a>, a youth group leader named Janie Tinklenberg began a <a href="/wiki/Grassroots" title="Grassroots">grassroots</a> movement to help the teenagers in her group remember the phrase; it spread worldwide in the 1990s among Christian youth, who wore bracelets bearing the initials WWJD.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCnews_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCnews-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, a sequel bracelet was generated with the initials "FROG," to provide an answer to "WWJD." FROG was an acronym for "Fully Rely On God."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s">2000s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=What_would_Jesus_do%3F&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2000s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, Garry Wills wrote "What Jesus Meant", in which he examined "What Would Jesus Really Do" (also a book review in <i><a href="/wiki/Esquire_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Esquire Magazine">Esquire Magazine</a></i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010s">2010s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=What_would_Jesus_do%3F&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2010s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A trio of films were released under the <i>WWJD</i> moniker. The first, starring <a href="/wiki/John_Schneider_(screen_actor)" title="John Schneider (screen actor)">John Schneider</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adam_Gregory" title="Adam Gregory">Adam Gregory</a>, was released in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2012 film <i>The Woodcarver</i> used the moniker <i>WWJD II</i>, with similar themes but different characters.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schneider returned for the 2015 film, subtitled <i>The Journey Continues</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Snowclones">Snowclones</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=What_would_Jesus_do%3F&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Snowclones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The expression has become a <a href="/wiki/Snowclone" title="Snowclone">snowclone</a> with the promotion of phrases such as "What would <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a> do?",<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "What would <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a> do?",<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "<a href="/wiki/What_Would_Brian_Boitano_Do%3F" title="What Would Brian Boitano Do?">What Would Brian Boitano Do?</a>" </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=What_would_Jesus_do%3F&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 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screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDowns" class="citation web cs1">Downs, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wwjd.org/p/what-does-wwjd-mean">"What Does WWJD Mean?"</a>. <i>www.wwjd.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wwjd.org&rft.atitle=What+Does+WWJD+Mean%3F&rft.aulast=Downs&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wwjd.org%2Fp%2Fwhat-does-wwjd-mean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCnews-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBCnews_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBCnews_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBCnews_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBCnews_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBCnews_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-16068178">"What would Jesus do?: The rise of a slogan"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. December 8, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=What+would+Jesus+do%3F%3A+The+rise+of+a+slogan&rft.date=2011-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-16068178&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HelmekeSori2012-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HelmekeSori2012_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HelmekeSori2012_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelmekeSori2012" class="citation book cs1">Helmeke, Karen B.; Sori, Catherine Ford (December 6, 2012). <i>The Therapist's Notebook for Integrating Spirituality in Counseling I</i>. Routledge. p. 150. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135884710" title="Special:BookSources/9781135884710"><bdi>9781135884710</bdi></a>. <q>In recent years, largely among Protestant and Catholic circles, the catch phrase "What Would Jesus Do" has become popular. The phrase is an attempt to call people to consider how Jesus Christ might respond to personal situations in daily life. While the idea of thinking about Jesus Christ might respond in a given situation is not new, the popularity of the catch-phrase "What Would Jesus Do?" or WWJD, has increased. Bracelets, keychains, T-shirts, bumper stickers, and other items initialized with WWJD have become commonplace.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Therapist%27s+Notebook+for+Integrating+Spirituality+in+Counseling+I&rft.pages=150&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft.isbn=9781135884710&rft.aulast=Helmeke&rft.aufirst=Karen+B.&rft.au=Sori%2C+Catherine+Ford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mortaljourney.com/2010/11/1990-trends/wwjd-bracelets">"WWJD What Would Jesus Do Bracelets"</a>. Mortal Journey<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WWJD+What+Would+Jesus+Do+Bracelets&rft.pub=Mortal+Journey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mortaljourney.com%2F2010%2F11%2F1990-trends%2Fwwjd-bracelets&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Phyllis G. Jestice, <i>Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia Volume 3</i>, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2004, p. 393</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRothman2011" class="citation web cs1">Rothman, Josh (February 8, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/brainiac/2011/02/what_would_jesu.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"What Would Jesus Do?": A History"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 27,</span> 2016</span>. <q>What would Jesus do?" has its roots, Shore explains, in the tradition of imitatio Christi - that is, of imitating the life of Christ. In this tradition, which dates back to early Christianity, a true believer might imitate Jesus by giving to the needy, traveling to the Holy Land, or, in the case of Saint Francis of Assisi, "receiving the stigmata, the bodily marks of Christ's suffering." Imitatio Christi encouraged Christians to "do as Jesus did.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22What+Would+Jesus+Do%3F%22%3A+A+History&rft.pub=The+Boston+Globe&rft.date=2011-02-08&rft.aulast=Rothman&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.boston.com%2Fbostonglobe%2Fideas%2Fbrainiac%2F2011%2F02%2Fwhat_would_jesu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sermon no. 2210. Spurgeon.org <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpurgeon" class="citation web cs1">Spurgeon, Charles. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.spurgeon.org/sermons/2210.php">"The Agreement of Walking by Faith"</a>. <i>Spurgeon.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spurgeon.org&rft.atitle=The+Agreement+of+Walking+by+Faith&rft.aulast=Spurgeon&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.spurgeon.org%2Fsermons%2F2210.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hymns of the Christian Life</i> (1908) Christian Alliance Publishing New York.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sheldon, C. (1896). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jr-miller.com/other/sheldon/in-his-steps.html"><i>In His Steps</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121107084725/http://www.jr-miller.com/other/sheldon/in-his-steps.html">Archived</a> November 7, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. First published by the <i>Chicago Advance</i> in serial form.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kshs.org/research/collections/documents/personalpapers/findingaids/sheldon_charles.htm">Charles Monroe Sheldon/Central Congregational Church Collection, 1811-1984</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FloridaCara-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FloridaCara_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FloridaCara_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurnidge2009" class="citation thesis cs1">Burnidge, Cara L. (Spring 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:180988/datastream/PDF/view"><i>Charles M. Sheldon and the Heart of the Social Gospel Movement</i></a> (M.A.). Florida State University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161110154107/http://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/islandora/object/fsu:180988/datastream/PDF/view">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Charles+M.+Sheldon+and+the+Heart+of+the+Social+Gospel+Movement&rft.inst=Florida+State+University&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Burnidge&rft.aufirst=Cara+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiginole.lib.fsu.edu%2Fislandora%2Fobject%2Ffsu%3A180988%2Fdatastream%2FPDF%2Fview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sheldon, C. (1896) <i>In His Steps</i>, p. 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Garrett W. Sheldon with Deborah Morris, <i>What Would Jesus Do? : a contemporary retelling of Charles M. Sheldon's classic In His Steps</i> (1993), p. iv.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-16068178">"What would Jesus do?: The rise of a slogan"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. December 8, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=What+would+Jesus+do%3F%3A+The+rise+of+a+slogan&rft.date=2011-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-16068178&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031031152724/http://archive.salon.com/business/feature/2000/10/25/wwjd/print.html">"What would Jesus do - about copyright?"</a>. October 25, 2000. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.salon.com/business/feature/2000/10/25/wwjd/print.html">the original</a> on October 31, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+would+Jesus+do+-+about+copyright%3F&rft.date=2000-10-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.salon.com%2Fbusiness%2Ffeature%2F2000%2F10%2F25%2Fwwjd%2Fprint.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090910131055/http://www.christianitytoday.com/tc/storiesofhope/sharingthefaith/8r3047.html">"What Would Jesus Do?"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christianitytoday.com/tc/storiesofhope/sharingthefaith/8r3047.html">the original</a> on September 10, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Would+Jesus+Do%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christianitytoday.com%2Ftc%2Fstoriesofhope%2Fsharingthefaith%2F8r3047.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"FROG bracelets answer WWJD question". <i>Pentecostal Evangel</i> (4417–4442): 23–24. 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pentecostal+Evangel&rft.atitle=FROG+bracelets+answer+WWJD+question&rft.issue=4417%E2%80%934442&rft.pages=23-24&rft.date=1999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1430131/"><i>What Would Jesus Do?</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2047890/"><i>The Woodcarver</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4123718/"><i>WWJD: What Would Jesus Do? The Journey Continues</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelbanco2015" class="citation news cs1">Delbanco, Andrew (December 18, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221213061040/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/20/books/review/a-just-and-generous-nation-abraham-lincoln-and-the-fight-for-american-opportunity.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'A Just and Generous Nation: Abraham Lincoln and the Fight for American Opportunity'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/20/books/review/a-just-and-generous-nation-abraham-lincoln-and-the-fight-for-american-opportunity.html">the original</a> on December 13, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27A+Just+and+Generous+Nation%3A+Abraham+Lincoln+and+the+Fight+for+American+Opportunity%27&rft.date=2015-12-18&rft.aulast=Delbanco&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F12%2F20%2Fbooks%2Freview%2Fa-just-and-generous-nation-abraham-lincoln-and-the-fight-for-american-opportunity.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeimlich2022" class="citation news cs1">Heimlich, Phil (May 2, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221213061339/https://www.cincinnati.com/story/opinion/2022/05/02/opinion-loyal-republicans-should-ask-what-would-reagan-do/7450967001/">"Opinion: Loyal Republicans should ask, 'What would Reagan do?'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cincinnati_Enquirer" title="The Cincinnati Enquirer">The Cincinnati Enquirer</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cincinnati.com/story/opinion/2022/05/02/opinion-loyal-republicans-should-ask-what-would-reagan-do/7450967001/">the original</a> on December 13, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Opinion%3A+Loyal+Republicans+should+ask%2C+%27What+would+Reagan+do%3F%27&rft.date=2022-05-02&rft.aulast=Heimlich&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fstory%2Fopinion%2F2022%2F05%2F02%2Fopinion-loyal-republicans-should-ask-what-would-reagan-do%2F7450967001%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhat+would+Jesus+do%3F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐7556f8b5dd‐4w5cn Cached time: 20241122141231 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.311 seconds Real time usage: 0.439 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1911/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 30057/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1869/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 54336/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.170/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6544149/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 399.481 1 -total 58.45% 233.504 1 Template:Reflist 21.86% 87.308 1 Template:Short_description 21.41% 85.539 6 Template:Cite_web 21.20% 84.708 3 Template:Imdb_title 9.96% 39.780 7 Template:Main_other 9.74% 38.891 15 Template:Wikidata 9.24% 36.926 2 Template:Pagetype 9.24% 36.907 1 Template:SDcat 6.89% 27.519 1 Template:See --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:237137-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122141231 and revision id 1250347833. 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