CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91342eeecf5d6011',cH: 'ctDSh4YhONhuSgJlrqM8fHwBHcy_T2nz6ZdocLVxkTM-1739778593-1.2.1.1-F4Reu6fNnf5R29PxngUfVebFPmrgDGDnOCJYygijoul8Z80UCnHkyjiUi3YwsrA4',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=solid%20waste%20management&__cf_chl_tk=W.YzM.FRsJrTLmeHV.AF7Oaaxbt2TFR1ObR1NYHf8Xc-1739778593-1.0.1.1-fD4ArjbYvbS95s1P5MkGdsApncTeICqZ4kXimnXbtWI",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739778593',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=solid%20waste%20management&__cf_chl_f_tk=W.YzM.FRsJrTLmeHV.AF7Oaaxbt2TFR1ObR1NYHf8Xc-1739778593-1.0.1.1-fD4ArjbYvbS95s1P5MkGdsApncTeICqZ4kXimnXbtWI",md: "ue1_Xj_gHnf7uuGMnh5JZV2r1ofsPNW_CRp6K66lQ4E-1739778593-1.2.1.1-dRPzpo6balcPLmQvtd2eS3BRaTuLWLdx7pyGYe6d9x0pDY7o2jamlYzbPMd2ODZYXrH9xmY5KgSj5thze0soM50PYHBdjRmPFOYlddoHwM59.mD3u9Rb_iEDpjjDjmZ8oPIIGIi.hwIHEAeJa.C.91SjgMY6DF0.I.eZbtp7vdPGBM8aaKJqeH6p.Sdgk0gQ6awmtMEGUBW1gJwxmwDGmg9tNq.YCictJTDqmFV4TliZ0mNKbGN.u3N_uKNjvPthEkvaqSFF1hVKPo_P.JOm2B5s2nsDLkrKqQZFOWb0aM_0cTXAYXMzGK_WPC8xGkOTLwrE3oVQmgXk.VLEyeAf9doSTB_r68RyjVIUQW2lRuwSd_Up4py5mg_QTL7zgxsgfA4HNY2boZ6M9IuipWjdiSnxBMGmOFXyQikGAAkc9WyIgfpYCqLz5Qg1.0_nDlnwuHeuVTODo5L54wnjeTcYdlPKyv.aoNymcJ85a5WXL5zGhuBLEGWdgoIOVZT27JzGyUMhmH9UMIFOulev3W8smDVrjEh5hl1qyxdQO7ALGosXEHgQxTMBMNN3ikirIya0CRde5vPyvHbKtyctEarno4r11hsLGzOTjEtaouTzX6HJRTNBsj6E3P4Fx_SlcfsvEZw0LIMldxMMnaE6P.wuiYQO.N7vKivxXUuljy6XVg0YEtEZzllnzTAK6HR9LzdhydE8qlSpp.KGq6FyFdNPyctkm2a7aGPoy5.HFfFUE7O7ERE0KfRxpN0vrsH8jXHi_kVsL6XLhEpLzJT5EKAx5.NWK.EA38.2YNr9z3vaWkzT__pQeSwLZxugtwUpn.eE8iyDWBkFhEEDXJoTFmJRICZb3Uszl53A.J3Ed0mge_GmHtykSrSokHeaOy5mpH6KDoe3KSkN3BLeaGKLZpJ5KPW8KEHaJDlQSLdqXxhp2x0uiDgaPMk5wF5GaHW1RrqRyVQMG0VnRaZdtydcGFheS4wr9ujTxbAzjEsXwcdITLaCj4NGgQGi1D6X_GEvDkomlhG6P7vJRk90GZtDSTrUgaeyS29WxTr8k6pPMb4uTYLcFoWJp2JRn2Qs9fHpxiw9UNBUL_aqXRUqpEMZLGbVwi1_q4GAgR0kHd5cU7ocu.wBFFBFbydHfI2DfKmdhzVNsosTEdgNv0xTDN8SXg9GvzRirFstkwDki9A1v4mz9U5naoHmygGffqUZaAIhVnRS4g_..1biT7iIzq_dJs05DVfLky1xsqYS03Vaw9HQdKBY_BFxG0.ho4Nd9oRZmvwnPL5SK0JXfrEnU3piKI8KryR_CDtwrWYKmfZTITOxAsEOy3bifYuPR653rdFCRcilL_nutpGlhmZDDrLCbiXYmxP1QiXwmoynro3y8ncavgX.BS7_fGKSIYhIY4sJ6unqIrh9tMsuQelJsfDz73rAaMXOtXJC8ZX5eNO6JXmjmSahjd0uABfMkkoXcMp8NaIRXD6pLhXcveDgcviCB_en54olu2ZO9rfLoFDC7yGjJXL612GiKDq.DrTjfdsVhCnxskNWNHDwQVcaz4Oc6piyRtkOgmcbv_TFRa7g3SqSBIkVotXIXU7JKW9NehH3Gaa5KUKaw.u__6nUOTKQ4wJSESk6c0yCX7n.rFscrYsPultTePkjlEzEVi1rRWz4hg4Y3porllWMVAwgALf3W0wxE25mNiHG2PUP5kBirB4Pd.YYF_CRrvjDG8aOL07GR9A8zme2upPAgCCUSpLJ2HlX8gtTeIKIjWQ.DPEOhdoZ5zwyrfurtmRgG8DHru7ixO4mCPCG3GBRxZPx4DFrV7vpVN2bq3ueyqB0iCLRunaf7eoeDCEmaDbRS3ZNPlyru8HLNdMZV6_NRayHbehroUhFFlj8JlzxIPAm79F3pN_Yc3039B7L8M0pA4BkaWeBv6Ldqi0VQv0y7bNPmcPg869m8N6kGf1gFqRx3zPXB43.5JdoXrK7ZaE1MSm5qGPmrsbz",mdrd: "4VUf4zhFFDRk7sekNj5L.xerxtP59yDwI91KCcvmd0w-1739778593-1.2.1.1-EFJigjGD0kQfi1GrjZIpmgl1StgzY5_bhWZWO7DTRagn9FChqRvNUoILqVEkDW8ZQz_Op2s5BpSzNp9wm3xUm0GgR3bajUJEsa0jP3NNjMFVaeKcAhnOPUMQnTAPHnSu3je2iBaozIG_KOz6V93qDoUxaoTH5iIA.4I8Nx24hR_ikv4wXZPOU5y_vJKwSS1cpC85t_HjK2_VaBZuaTPSqpjJM.SXFubShtqWqD73u4SufVKffbh3RrgpqgYhzfuJSPHbaCPdoN2Z18tS4tWA1uRawusXJkIYfF21qjlGnY0SIP3yXl5_7cAiH5VaIRuGXPR_3MNu9r.pF87aAv4RXFxZpq2DMSrb_ZV2wMD1gUuQOBg8Y0.Pm7s89Ly3mIbmd_fCVdRxjWrGlo5M9gF1Sy2oWu.Eb8n7VTqZI8Rm0xpWZm25AD9tpwdOgYhAmOPb_I2oFNiMVZdZehvtE.U9RSj0e_FNVVt0.Wyx1QBFyS12wD5INqGx_2LiGObYu8uvQvG864Tx7XaFA3WJcpgNInqbj20oAmumNGKAbompF41SjNBp5fqPyYSDxMCAwBjXnbQo1eDM0mO0F24mGQaLMzEUEBoyZFKt1RaEkihjLV2Xi60qZ8hOxtGHZD_O4t9SSwBWE5SiSP9bwuNQ0g3oI6ooJKNEUnZSEta81xZ9AC5IcmnibYVObrimKxuHArG_MljbubhmAWEnFdw0eUfQP_IjQodn6lNZiY0bItkq57PiJG5MxADSSjQFISXXHlteL_X0JQYCQt_6nRJ7BAtIpnewdxv5t2gHTW3hJdGtGZf1fL0jZejn_9wXQ4gOMbAgww3OGPUMvNaLJV9w5DsllgTDb5GzEu2xTj.J9w_a6Pgr9poq1ii.QPOO6gbHSFjnoRyV2ywahtiQsQ0n_qAVYFjqUecDwft68dg4f6O9K9QULNDwkAa5nhJAfFlplMMKapzq5uTbK90XssR.Nj1KYg8.Eeih3PAHeorIMPceAva9ozD_xyrhwLl6SQQWSAwqawm8fiqXR9zYg4noqoIQl.jtgPV1A1TQvYTooe2L5ghO_9RnpPMS1vnvQiY1IgT0kzWq4zwK0KRI6hJcXB7uvYMfJHjlw3JyKVexXiGpuNcsenSs7c94fowkXQQ8paNj22.UVOBAkR8wO.su_xKVjMj.0OthblRMSpb0ihSXdrOh9sSXePEbnTfOXq_SBtsSJ6ujOxBYKtFCw29pHyJXVOff8kOaXXzpe8PIqrUslZEaUSFsylONZtnkSIxCPPlKZK.CxqmzpcUzQl0xQbE5fW3yeFCW4KM7AQLbNG6ITyyhoE7MlAsXnEnxKzxeAvDeqIp5l1summJhJ6MO0ntNWeMgNN6rE1tmYsnaaBVQwrUORHwPTG60qpu1ZarOceIvNt4CAvSUZ0Y.o_hqcKdanWxrrUJ.KYGdstnwZ.WXhJ8maISr7kKG2WcrQ9ortGZS0sFtzMQOb_YCv3kQFb2zg7iptEzr3s7bBMPo8B9.0IO2TXaoIVN8DKMPAkcARSFmgHkal81ha7dzMzUzGEk6BeRilofQLheG3BMpPecN5FG9dh37ELmcbA_0IHM79G92clgoKjbrDn3qnFLuh_Sw0m2rDazGVhp7cKuHkKa6VVo3yRTqXJYHfhfu37O8A96M.G5XJJjOkM4Hi_hU28axzKP829Rqoa2IMzcLU.1qtjbV4COa4GUt3QQOxoVrVPrn7UeO7NvF8YM2njbKn5rZxT1zHmm6Ny5SPkbjzPg.1ETin4TQokjSoSjjWbVMDBIRpAsFbRLkMDBVIel.dVVz9tGYTa8fUJt1xo3cBUvJkHZi0xkmVLqcNlXebRxvPLkufk9bi4WcRZ4CahKRJ3fbQrkgIMmsr5y3oVanollmaahKAuWrVKKVkhkxraZwea0QD.cyGZ7EMgaw06HWe.OpNp6q5w7n72YHlxHgeOmnck8Cl11c6b1vuDKDmTAyI0OScBliMNjPTNKa2kgG6ztMxw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91342eeecf5d6011';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=solid%20waste%20management&__cf_chl_rt_tk=W.YzM.FRsJrTLmeHV.AF7Oaaxbt2TFR1ObR1NYHf8Xc-1739778593-1.0.1.1-fD4ArjbYvbS95s1P5MkGdsApncTeICqZ4kXimnXbtWI" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>