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Beam - Wikipedy
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class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fy.wikipedia.org&uselang=fy" class=""><span>Donaasjes</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:Nije_ynstellings_oanmeitsje&returnto=Beam" title="Jo wurde fan herten útnûge in akkount oan te meitsjen en jo oan te melden, mar it hoecht net" class=""><span>Akkount meitsje</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:Oanmelde&returnto=Beam" title="Jo wurde fan herten útnûge jo oan te melden, mar 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mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oanmelde</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Siden foar ôfmelde meidoggers <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Yntroduksje" aria-label="Mear witte oer bewurkjen"><span>mear witte</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Myn_bydragen" title="List fan wizigings makke fan dit YP-adres ôf [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Myn_oerlis" title="Oerlis oer bewurkings fan dit YP-adres ôf [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Oerlis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webstee"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Ynhâld" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ynhâld</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">nei sydbalke ferplakke</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ferbergje</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Begjin</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Morfology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Morfology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Morfology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Morfology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Subseksje Morfology omklappe</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Morfology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Diktegroei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diktegroei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Diktegroei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diktegroei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stabiliteit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stabiliteit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Stabiliteit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stabiliteit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tûke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tûke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Tûke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tûke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blêd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blêd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Blêd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blêd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Woartel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Woartel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Woartel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Woartel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Frucht" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frucht"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Frucht</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frucht-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reïteraasje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reïteraasje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Reïteraasje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reïteraasje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gebrûk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gebrûk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Gebrûk</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gebrûk-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Subseksje Gebrûk omklappe</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gebrûk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gebrûkstype" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gebrûkstype"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Gebrûkstype</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gebrûkstype-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hakhoutstoel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hakhoutstoel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Hakhoutstoel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hakhoutstoel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dea_hout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dea_hout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Dea hout</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dea_hout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Religy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utspraken_oer_beammen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utspraken_oer_beammen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Utspraken oer beammen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utspraken_oer_beammen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soerstof_en_fynstof" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soerstof_en_fynstof"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Soerstof en fynstof</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soerstof_en_fynstof-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Markante_beammen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Markante_beammen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Markante beammen</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Markante_beammen-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Subseksje Markante beammen omklappe</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Markante_beammen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nederlân" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nederlân"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Nederlân</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nederlân-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Feriene_Steaten_fan_Amearika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feriene_Steaten_fan_Amearika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Feriene Steaten fan Amearika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feriene_Steaten_fan_Amearika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sjoch_ek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sjoch_ek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sjoch ek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sjoch_ek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Ynhâld" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ynhâldsopjefte omklappe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ynhâldsopjefte omklappe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Beam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nei it artikel yn in oare taal gean. Beskikber yn 215 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-215" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">215 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boom" title="Boom – Afrikaansk" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Boom" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quqa" title="Quqa – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Quqa" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baum" title="Baum – Switsers Dútsk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Baum" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switsers Dútsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%9B%E1%8D%8D" title="ዛፍ – Amhaarsk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዛፍ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhaarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rbol" title="Árbol – Aragoneesk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Árbol" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C4%93ow" title="Trēow – âldingelsk" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Trēow" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="âldingelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC" title="पेड़ – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="पेड़" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="شجرة – Arabysk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شجرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%9D%DC%A0%DC%A2%DC%90" title="ܐܝܠܢܐ – Arameesk" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܝܠܢܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Arameesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="شجرة – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="شجرة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7" title="বৃক্ষ – Assameesk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বৃক্ষ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assameesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rbol" title="Árbol – Asturysk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Árbol" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mictikw" title="Mictikw – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Mictikw" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC" title="पेड़ – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="पेड़" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C4%9Fac" title="Ağac – Azerbeidzjaansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ağac" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="آغاج – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آغاج" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="nijsgjirrige siden"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Ағас – Basjkiersk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ағас" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiersk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baam" title="Baam – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Baam" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medis" title="Medis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Medis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poon" title="Poon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Poon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Дрэва – Wyt-Russysk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дрэва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Wyt-Russysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Дрэва – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дрэва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Дърво – Bulgaarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дърво" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC" title="फेड़ – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="फेड़" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yiri" title="Yiri – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Yiri" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7" title="বৃক্ষ – Bengaalsk" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বৃক্ষ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaalsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%8D" title="ཤིང་། – Tibetaansk" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཤིང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwez_(plant)" title="Gwez (plant) – Bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gwez (plant)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drvo_(stablo)" title="Drvo (stablo) – Bosnysk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Drvo (stablo)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Модон – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Модон" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbre" title="Arbre – Katalaansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arbre" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A9u" title="Chéu – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Chéu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82" title="Дитт – Tsjetsjeensk" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Дитт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoohts%C3%AAstse" title="Hoohtsêstse – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Hoohtsêstse" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%A1%E1%8E%AC%E1%8E%A2" title="ᏡᎬᎢ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏡᎬᎢ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coeden" title="Coeden – Welsk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Coeden" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="دار – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دار" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terek" title="Terek – Krim-Tataarsk" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Terek" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krim-Tataarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strom" title="Strom – Tsjechysk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Strom" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%94%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Дрєво – Kerkslavysk" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Дрєво" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Kerkslavysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D1%8B%D0%B2%C4%83%C3%A7" title="Йывăç – Tsjoevasjysk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Йывăç" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="nijsgjirrige siden"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A6_(organisme)" title="Træ (organisme) – Deensk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Træ (organisme)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tia" title="Tia – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Tia" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baum" title="Baum – Dútsk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Baum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Dútsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dare" title="Dare – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Dare" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%AD" title="Atí – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Atí" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF" title="Δέντρο – Gryks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δέντρο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Gryks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lber" title="Élber – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Élber" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="nijsgjirrige siden"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" title="Tree – Ingelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tree" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbo" title="Arbo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Arbo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rbol" title="Árbol – Spaansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Árbol" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puu" title="Puu – Estlânsk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Puu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estlânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuhaitz" title="Zuhaitz – Baskysk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zuhaitz" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvu" title="Arvu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Arvu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%AA" title="درخت – Perzysk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="درخت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puu" title="Puu – Finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Puu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puu" title="Puu – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Puu" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vunikau" title="Vunikau – Fijysk" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vunikau" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%B8" title="Trø – Faeröersk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Trø" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faeröersk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbre" title="Arbre – Frânsk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arbre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82bro" title="Âbro – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Âbro" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buum" title="Buum – Noard-Frysk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Buum" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noard-Frysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbul" title="Arbul – Friulysk" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Arbul" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crann" title="Crann – Iersk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Crann" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iersk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%B9" title="樹 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="樹" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Py%C3%A9bwa" title="Pyébwa – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Pyébwa" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craobh" title="Craobh – Schotsk Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Craobh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schotsk Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rbore" title="Árbore – Galisysk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Árbore" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yvyram%C3%A1ta" title="Yvyramáta – Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Yvyramáta" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billey" title="Billey – Manks" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Billey" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishiya" title="Bishiya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Bishiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_(chh%E1%B9%B3%CC%8Dt-vu%CC%8Dt)" title="Su (chhṳ̍t-vu̍t) – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Su (chhṳ̍t-vu̍t)" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A5" title="עץ – Hebreeuwsk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuwsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="वृक्ष – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वृक्ष" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BE%D5%A1%D5%BC" title="Ծառ – Armeensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ծառ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BE%D5%A1%D5%BC" title="Ծառ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ծառ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perr" title="Perr – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Perr" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="topside"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stablo" title="Stablo – Kroatysk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Stablo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyebwa" title="Pyebwa – Haïtiaansk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Pyebwa" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa_(botanika)" title="Fa (botanika) – Hongaarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fa (botanika)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbore" title="Arbore – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Arbore" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohon" title="Pohon – Yndonezysk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pohon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Yndonezysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rbor" title="Árbor – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Árbor" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93sh%C3%ADsh%C3%AD" title="Óshíshí – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Óshíshí" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9D" title="בוים – Jiddysk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="בוים" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napaaqtuq" title="Napaaqtuq – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Napaaqtuq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayo" title="Kayo – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kayo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arboro" title="Arboro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Arboro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0" title="Га – Ingoesj" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Га" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingoesj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A9" title="Tré – Yslâns" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tré" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslâns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albero" title="Albero – Italiaansk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Albero" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%A8" title="木 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="木" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrii" title="Chrii – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Chrii" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wit" title="Wit – Javaansk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wit" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94" title="ხე – Georgysk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aseklu" title="Aseklu – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aseklu" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1kwon" title="A̱kwon – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱kwon" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Дарак – Kirgizysk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Дарак" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Ағаш – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ағаш" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B0" title="ಮರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4" title="나무 – Koreaansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="나무" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8F%D9%84" title="کُل – Kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="کُل" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dar" title="Dar – Koerdysk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83" title="Пу – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Пу" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwedhen" title="Gwedhen – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gwedhen" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbor" title="Arbor – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Arbor" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ABgn" title="Lëgn – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lëgn" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bam" title="Bam – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bam" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D1%85%D1%8C" title="Мурхь – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Мурхь" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ттар – Lezgysk" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Ттар" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbor" title="Arbor – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Arbor" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boum" title="Boum – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Boum" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alber" title="Alber – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Alber" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nzet%C3%A9" title="Nzeté – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Nzeté" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%89" title="ກົກໄມ້ – Laotiaansk" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ກົກໄມ້" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laotiaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medis" title="Medis – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Medis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koks" title="Koks – Letlâns" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Koks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letlâns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazo_(zavamaniry)" title="Hazo (zavamaniry) – Malagasysk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hazo (zavamaniry)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B5%D2%A5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Пушеҥге – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Пушеҥге" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%81kau" title="Rākau – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Rākau" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="သစ်ပင် – Birmees" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သစ်ပင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%82%D1%82" title="Чувтт – Erzja" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Чувтт" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="Дрво (растение) – Macedonysk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Дрво (растение)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%82" title="വൃക്ഷം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വൃക്ഷം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Мод – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мод" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8E_%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯎ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ – Manipoeri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯎ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipoeri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1" title="झाड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="झाड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pokok" title="Pokok – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pokok" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arble" title="Arble – Mirandees" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Arble" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="دار – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="دار" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuahuitl" title="Cuahuitl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Cuahuitl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boom" title="Boom – Laagduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Boom" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Laagduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boom" title="Boom – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Boom" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%96" title="रूख – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रूख" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="सिमा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सिमा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boom_(plant)" title="Boom (plant) – Nederlânsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Boom (plant)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tre" title="Tre – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tre" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tre" title="Tre – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%A6%DF%99%DF%8C" title="ߦߙߌ – N’ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߦߙߌ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouais" title="Bouais – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Bouais" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbre" title="Arbre – Occitaansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Arbre" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muka" title="Muka – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Muka" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%C3%A6%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Бæлас – Ossetysk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Бæлас" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%96" title="ਰੁੱਖ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੁੱਖ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pun_dutung" title="Pun dutung – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Pun dutung" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abe" title="Abe – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Abe" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baam" title="Baam – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Baam" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drzewo" title="Drzewo – Poalsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Drzewo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poalsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DA%A9%DA%BE" title="رکھ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رکھ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="ونه – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ونه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rvore" title="Árvore – Portugeesk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Árvore" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugeesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sach%27a" title="Sach'a – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sach'a" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planta_(bostg)" title="Planta (bostg) – Reto-Romaansk" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Planta (bostg)" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Romaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rukh" title="Rukh – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Rukh" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igiti" title="Igiti – Kirundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Igiti" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Kirundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbore" title="Arbore – Roemeensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Arbore" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arburi" title="Arburi – Aromaniaansk" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Arburi" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromaniaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80rvule" title="Àrvule – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Àrvule" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Дерево – Russysk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дерево" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Дерево – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Дерево" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igiti" title="Igiti – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Igiti" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%83" title="तरुः – Sanskriet" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="तरुः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskriet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Мас – Jakoets" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Мас" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakoets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%AE" title="ᱫᱟᱨᱮ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱫᱟᱨᱮ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80rvulu" title="Àrvulu – Siciliaansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Àrvulu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" title="Tree – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Tree" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%BB" title="وڻ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وڻ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stablo" title="Stablo – Servokroatysk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Stablo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servokroatysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addag" title="Addag – Tashelhiyt" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Addag" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tashelhiyt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A" title="ගස් – Singalees" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ගස්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" title="Tree – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tree" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strom" title="Strom – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Strom" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drevo" title="Drevo – Sloveensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Drevo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muti" title="Muti – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Muti" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geed" title="Geed – Somalysk" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Geed" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pema" title="Pema – Albaneesk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pema" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Дрво – Servysk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дрво" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boom" title="Boom – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Boom" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangkal" title="Tangkal – Soendaneesk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Tangkal" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Soendaneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A4d" title="Träd – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Träd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mti" title="Mti – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Str%C5%AFm" title="Strům – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Strům" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/kilang" title="kilang – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="kilang" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மரம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/qhoniq" title="qhoniq – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="qhoniq" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81" title="చెట్టు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="చెట్టు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%82" title="Дарахт – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Дарахт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99" title="ไม้ต้น – Thais" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไม้ต้น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aga%C3%A7" title="Agaç – Turkmeens" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Agaç" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puno" title="Puno – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Puno" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwai" title="Diwai – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Diwai" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C4%9Fa%C3%A7" title="Ağaç – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ağaç" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%87" title="Агач – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Агач" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nnua" title="Nnua – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nnua" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83" title="Писпу – Oedmoerts" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Писпу" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Oedmoerts" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Дерево – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дерево" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%AA" title="درخت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="درخت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daraxt" title="Daraxt – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Daraxt" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80lbara" title="Àlbara – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Àlbara" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu" title="Pu – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Pu" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A2y" title="Cây – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cây" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boom" title="Boom – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Boom" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bim" title="Bim – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Bim" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85be" title="Åbe – Waals" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Åbe" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Waals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puno" title="Puno – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Puno" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garab" title="Garab – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Garab" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%91" title="树 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="树" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imithi" title="Imithi – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Imithi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90" title="ჯა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faex" title="Faex – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Faex" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%91" title="树 – Sineesk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="树" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Sineesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%B9" title="樹 – Kantoneesk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="樹" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantoneesk" 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ferbergje</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ut Wikipedy</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fy" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Fagus_sylvatica.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fagus_sylvatica.JPG/220px-Fagus_sylvatica.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fagus_sylvatica.JPG/330px-Fagus_sylvatica.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Fagus_sylvatica.JPG/440px-Fagus_sylvatica.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><i>Solitêre bûk</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:BesneeuwdeboomtoppeninDriebergen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/BesneeuwdeboomtoppeninDriebergen.jpg/220px-BesneeuwdeboomtoppeninDriebergen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/BesneeuwdeboomtoppeninDriebergen.jpg/330px-BesneeuwdeboomtoppeninDriebergen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/BesneeuwdeboomtoppeninDriebergen.jpg/440px-BesneeuwdeboomtoppeninDriebergen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><i>Besnijde beamtoppen.</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Robinia_crosssection.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Robinia_crosssection.jpg/220px-Robinia_crosssection.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Robinia_crosssection.jpg/330px-Robinia_crosssection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Robinia_crosssection.jpg/440px-Robinia_crosssection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1290" data-file-height="1209" /></a><figcaption><i>Jierringen fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robinia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robinia (noch net skreaun)">robinia</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>In <b>beam</b> is in fêste plant mei in houten stamme en in kroan (krún). De measte definysjes neame hichte (minimaal fjouwer meter) en it hawwen fan ien stamme. In beam kin, ôfhinklik fan it sioarte, fan fjouwer oant mear as hûndert meter heech wurde en groeie op tige ferskillende grûnsoarten. De <a href="/wiki/Mangrove" title="Mangrove">mangrovesoarten</a> groeie sels yn brak wetter. </p><p>In beam kin ôfhinklik fan it soarte en de omstannichheden tige âld wurde, fan folle hûnderten oant inkele tûzenen jierren. Sa kin de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginkgo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ginkgo (noch net skreaun)">ginkgo</a> mear as 1000 jier âld wurde: yn Sina is de âldste Ginkgo ûngefear 3500 jier. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wylch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wylch (noch net skreaun)">Wylch</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Popel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popel (noch net skreaun)">popel</a> hearre ta de beammesoarten dy't meastal net mear as hûndert jier wurde. </p><p>Troch it formaat spylje beammen faak in haadrol yn in hiele libbensmienskip. Fûgels bouwe der harren nêst, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moasen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moasen (noch net skreaun)">moasen</a> en <a href="/wiki/Koarstmoas" title="Koarstmoas">koarstmoassen</a> libje op de stamme, op de tûken en soms op de blêden, <a href="/wiki/Skimmels" title="Skimmels">skimmels</a> libje yn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutualisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutualisme (noch net skreaun)">symbioaze</a> mei of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parasyt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parasyt (noch net skreaun)">parasitêr</a> op of yn de beam. <a href="/wiki/Ynsekten" title="Ynsekten">Ynsekten</a> libje fan de blêden of it hout (ûnder oare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Houtwjirm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Houtwjirm (noch net skreaun)">houtwjirm</a>). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sl%C3%BBpwasp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slûpwasp (noch net skreaun)">Slûpwaspen</a> parasitearje wer op dizze ynsekten. Ek is de beam fanwege de fruchten en siedden in wichtige fiedselboarne foar ûnder oare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iikhoarns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iikhoarns (noch net skreaun)">iikhoarns</a> en <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BBgels" title="Fûgels">fûgels</a>. </p><p>De minsk brûkt de beam neist <a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">fiedselproduksje</a> en sier ek foar de produksje fan timmer- en brânhout. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Morfology">Morfology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Dielside bewurkje: Morfology" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Morfology"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diktegroei">Diktegroei</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Dielside bewurkje: Diktegroei" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Diktegroei"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Dendrochronological_drill_hg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Dendrochronological_drill_hg.jpg/220px-Dendrochronological_drill_hg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Dendrochronological_drill_hg.jpg/330px-Dendrochronological_drill_hg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Dendrochronological_drill_hg.jpg/440px-Dendrochronological_drill_hg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2056" data-file-height="1438" /></a><figcaption><i>Houtboar mei útboarre kearnen</i></figcaption></figure> <p>De stamne fan de beam bestiet út in silinder fan <a href="/wiki/Hout" title="Hout">hout</a>. Om dizze silinder fan <a href="/wiki/Hout" title="Hout">hout</a> sit in laach fan dielingsweefsel, it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kambium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kambium (noch net skreaun)">kambium</a>, dat nei binnen ta hout (sekundêr <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ksyleem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ksyleem (noch net skreaun)">ksyleem</a>) en nei bûten ta bastweefsel (sekundêr <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flo%C3%ABem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Floëem (noch net skreaun)">floëem</a>) ôfset. Hjirtroch groeit de beam yn de dikte (saneamde sekundêre diktegroei). </p><p>Ofhinklik fan it klimaat kin in beam, al dan net, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Groeiring&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Groeiring (noch net skreaun)">groeiringen</a> foarmje. Yn it gefal dat in beam elk jier ien ring foarmet binne dit dan saneamde "jierringen", wêroan dan te skatten is hoe âld at de beam is. It stiet lykwols net sûnder mis fêst dat der elk jier in ring foarme wurdt; ek skynjierringen komme foar. </p><p>Mei help fan in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Presslerboar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Presslerboar (noch net skreaun)">Presslerboar</a>, in spesjale houtboar dy't krektsa wurket as in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Appelboar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Appelboar (noch net skreaun)">appelboar</a>, kin fan in libbene beam oant yn it hert fan de stamme in silinderformich stikje hout útboarre wurde. Hjiroan kin dan de groeiskiednis fan de beam ôflêzen wurde. </p><p>Yn inkele beamsoarten is mear as ien kambium oanwêzich. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stabiliteit">Stabiliteit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Dielside bewurkje: Stabiliteit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Stabiliteit"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Rattlesnake-Mt-uprooted-tree-3966.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Rattlesnake-Mt-uprooted-tree-3966.jpg/220px-Rattlesnake-Mt-uprooted-tree-3966.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Rattlesnake-Mt-uprooted-tree-3966.jpg/330px-Rattlesnake-Mt-uprooted-tree-3966.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Rattlesnake-Mt-uprooted-tree-3966.jpg/440px-Rattlesnake-Mt-uprooted-tree-3966.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><i>Matige stabiliteit troch oerflakkige bewoarteling</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Stabiliteit is wichtich foar beammen. In stabile beam is bestand genôch tsjin stoarm of swiere sniefal. De stabiliteit fan beammen kin útdrukt wurde oan de hân fan de h/d-ferhâlding. Dit is de ferhâlding tusken de hichte yn meters en de diameter op boarsthichte (dbh) yn sm fan de beam. De h/d-ferhâlding wurdt berekkene mei de formule: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {beamhichte*100}{dbh}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mo>∗<!-- ∗ --></mo> <mn>100</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>b</mi> <mi>h</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {beamhichte*100}{dbh}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d669f43eafd397fbce1621c067198aefeef49fb6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:18.28ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {beamhichte*100}{dbh}}}"></span> </p><p>Hoe heger de h/d-ferhâlding, hoe leger de stabiliteit fan de beam. Fan in wearde fan 90 ôf is sprake fan in ynstabile beam. Yn bosken kin de h/d-ferhâlding beynfloede wurde troch konkurrinsje tusken beammen. Jonge beammen hawwe faak in hege h/d-ferhâlding. Dit komt omdat jonge beammen earst sterk neit ljocht ta, en dus yn de hichte groeie. Pas letter wurdt der ynvestearre yn diktegroei. Sa ûntsteane lange, tinne beammen. Foar dizze jonge beammen is dit faak gjin grut probleem, salang as se tusken oare beammen yn steane. As se frijsteld wurde, bygelyks flak nei in tinning, binne se ekstra gefoelich foar stoarmskea. De stabiliteit fan in bosk kin ferhege wurde middels tinning. Troch te tinjen krije beammen mear romte en kinne se diktegroei begjinne te ûntwikkeljen. </p><p>In beam kin ek ynstabyl wurde meidat de stamme fan binnenút begjint te rotsjen. As de stamme in te grut oandiel ferrotte hout fertoant, sil hy by de folgjende stoarm omfalle. Om dit te fermijen kin der in stúdzje dien wurde fia de VTA-technyk (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Visual_Tree_Assessment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visual Tree Assessment (noch net skreaun)">Visual Tree Assessment</a>), eventueel oanfold mei in ûndersyk mei de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomograaf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomograaf (noch net skreaun)">Tomograaf</a>. Oan de hân fan in sa ferkrigen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomogram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomogram (noch net skreaun)">Tomogram</a> kin de stabiliteit berekkene wurde. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tûke"><span id="T.C3.BBke"></span>Tûke</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Dielside bewurkje: Tûke" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Tûke"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Walnoottak.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Walnoottak.jpg/220px-Walnoottak.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Walnoottak.jpg/330px-Walnoottak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Walnoottak.jpg/440px-Walnoottak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1048" data-file-height="756" /></a><figcaption><i>tûke fan wâlnút</i></figcaption></figure> <p>In tûke is in ûnderdiel fan in beam of strewel. Op de takken steane de <a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%AAd_(plant)" title="Blêd (plant)">blêd</a>-, <a href="/wiki/Blom" title="Blom">Blom</a>- en eventueel mingde (blêden en blommen yn deselde knop) <a href="/wiki/Knop_(plant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Knop (plant)">knoppen</a>. De knoppen kinne foar elkoar oer stean, yn krânsen of ferspraat stean. Oan de ein fan in tûke stiet in einknop. Offisjeel is in tûke pas in tûke as dy trije jier âld is. Dêrfoar wurdt it in twiich neamd. In twiich is dus in 1- of 2-jierrige houtige <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A2le_(plant)" title="Stâle (plant)">stâle</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blêd"><span id="Bl.C3.AAd"></span>Blêd</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Dielside bewurkje: Blêd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Blêd"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Spar_naalden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Spar_naalden.jpg/220px-Spar_naalden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Spar_naalden.jpg/330px-Spar_naalden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Spar_naalden.jpg/440px-Spar_naalden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="806" /></a><figcaption><i>Nillen fan in fyn<a href="/w/index.php?title=Spjirre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spjirre (noch net skreaun)">spjirre</a></i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Esdoorn-bladeren.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Esdoorn-bladeren.jpg/220px-Esdoorn-bladeren.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Esdoorn-bladeren.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="296" data-file-height="345" /></a><figcaption><i>Blêden fan in gewoane <a href="/wiki/Eskdoarn" class="mw-redirect" title="Eskdoarn">Eskdoarn</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>De measte beammen hawwe blêden, al sjogge dy der net altiten út as blêden, krekta by nillebeammen. Der binne blêdferliezende en grienbliuwende beammen. De <a href="/wiki/Leafbeam" title="Leafbeam">leafbeammen</a> yn de gebieten bûten de tropen en subtropen ferlieze harren blêd om de kâlde perioade oerlibje te kinnen. De measte nillebeammen hâlde lykwols harren nillen. </p><p>Leafbeammen yn de tropen kinne ôfhinklik fan it soarte harren blêd hâlde of ferlieze. Blêdferliezende soarten litte harren blêd yn de droege tiid falle en passe dêrmei harren wetterferlet oan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Woartel">Woartel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Dielside bewurkje: Woartel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Woartel"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Boomstronken.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Boomstronken.jpg/220px-Boomstronken.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Boomstronken.jpg/330px-Boomstronken.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Boomstronken.jpg 2x" data-file-width="344" data-file-height="236" /></a><figcaption><i>Beamstobben mei bleatspielde woartels</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Ut it <a href="/wiki/Sied_(planten)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sied (planten)">sied</a> wurdt in <a href="/wiki/Woartel_(plant)" title="Woartel (plant)">haadwoartel</a> of pinwoartelfarme. Dizze woartel kin djip de grûn yn gean en soarget fiar in grut diel foar de ferankering fan de beam. Troch it weispielen fan grûn kinne de woartels gedieltlik bleat komme te lizzen. Sommige soarten meitsje ek luchtwoartels. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Frucht">Frucht</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Dielside bewurkje: Frucht" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Frucht"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By beammen treedt pas bloei en fruchtdracht op neidat se oergien binne fan de juvenile nei de folwoeksen (adulte) faze. Dit kin fariëarje fan inkele oant tsientallen jierren. Dêrneist komt by in protte soarten <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beurtjier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beurtjier (noch net skreaun)">beurtjierren</a> foar. Yn it jier mei in swiere fruchtdracht wurdt wol fan in <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%AAstjier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mêstjier (noch net skreaun)">mêstjier</a> sprutsen. Hjirnei treedt 1 oant 4 jier gjin fruchtdracht op, omdat de beam genôch reservestoffen hat. Yn de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fruitteelt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fruitteelt (noch net skreaun)">fruitteelt</a> wurde beurtjierren tsjingien troch de oanplant fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ras_(plant)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ras (plant) (noch net skreaun)">rassen</a> dy't net botte beurtjiergefoelich binne en troch fruchttinning. </p><p>Bloei kin optrede op tûken, langloaten of op beide. Tusken de beamsoarten binne hjir ferskillen yn. </p><p>Oan beammen komme oer it generaal deselde typen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frucht_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frucht (biology) (noch net skreaun)">fruchten</a> foar as oan krûdeftige planten. By sommige beammen, lykas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kakaubeam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kakaubeam (noch net skreaun)">kakaubeam</a>, treedt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kauliflory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kauliflory (noch net skreaun)">kauliflory</a> op, wêrby't bloei en fruchtdracht op de stamme optreedt. Kauliflory makket is mooglik om swiere fruchten te foarmjen, dy't troch swakkere tûken net droegen wurde kinne soenen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reïteraasje"><span id="Re.C3.AFteraasje"></span>Reïteraasje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Dielside bewurkje: Reïteraasje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Reïteraasje"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De letterlike oersetting fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFteraasje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reïteraasje (noch net skreaun)">reïteraasje</a> is “werhelling”. Yn dit ferbân wurdt bedoeld dat by in beam, as de haadstamme beskeadige is, in sydtûke útgroeie kin ta in dominante tûke. Der wurdt in nij begjin makke. Ek as in beam ôfsage is, is it fermogen ta werstel sa grut, dat der út de sliepende knoppen (al besteand) of adventyfknoppen (nij foarme) nije tûken groeie. By guon beamsoarten kin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apikale_domin%C3%A2nsje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apikale dominânsje (noch net skreaun)">apikale dominânsje</a> der foar soargje, dat ien fan dizze tûken útgroeit ta in beam en dat de groei fan de oare tûken ûnderdrukt wurdt. It hormoan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Auksine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auksine (noch net skreaun)">auksine</a> koördinearret dit proses. Faak treedt der lykkwols in boskige groei op, wêrnei't troch snoeien alle tûken (op ien nei) weihelle wurde moatte om wer in beam te krijen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gebrûk"><span id="Gebr.C3.BBk"></span>Gebrûk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Dielside bewurkje: Gebrûk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Gebrûk"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gebrûkstype"><span id="Gebr.C3.BBkstype"></span>Gebrûkstype</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Dielside bewurkje: Gebrûkstype" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Gebrûkstype"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beammen kinne nei gebrûkstype oardere wurde: </p> <ul><li>Boskbeam, ûnder oare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iik (noch net skreaun)">iik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esk_(beam)" class="mw-redirect" title="Esk (beam)">esk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%BBk_(beam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bûk (beam) (noch net skreaun)">bûk</a></li> <li>Leanebeam ûder oare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iik (noch net skreaun)">iik</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Popel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popel (noch net skreaun)">popel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%BBk_(beam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bûk (beam) (noch net skreaun)">bûk</a></li> <li>Strjitbeam, ûnder oare <a href="/wiki/Bjirk" class="mw-redirect" title="Bjirk">bjirk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eskdoarn_(beam)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eskdoarn (beam)">eskdoarn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hynstekastanje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hynstekastanje (noch net skreaun)">hynstekastanje</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sierkers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sierkers (noch net skreaun)">sierkers</a></li> <li>Parkbeam ûnder oare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Linebeam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linebeam (noch net skreaun)">linebeam</a></li> <li>Sierbeam û.o.a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sierkers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sierkers (noch net skreaun)">sierkers</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnolia (noch net skreaun)">magnolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krystbeam" title="Krystbeam">Krystbeam</a></li> <li>Betinkingsbeam benammen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Linebeam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linebeam (noch net skreaun)">linebeam</a> ûnder oarer by de berte leden <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keninklik_H%C3%BBs_(Nederl%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keninklik Hûs (Nederlân) (noch net skreaun)">Keninklik Hûs</a>, 5 maaie befrijing Twadde Wrâldoarloch.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frijheidsbeam" title="Frijheidsbeam">Frijheidsbeam</a></li> <li>Fruitbeam ûnder oare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Appel_(frucht)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Appel (frucht) (noch net skreaun)">appel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Par_(frucht)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Par (frucht) (noch net skreaun)">par</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kers_(fruit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kers (fruit) (noch net skreaun)">kers</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pjisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pjisk (noch net skreaun)">pjisk</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hakhoutstoel">Hakhoutstoel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Dielside bewurkje: Hakhoutstoel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Hakhoutstoel"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Versteendeboom_30-03-2009_15-25-33.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Versteendeboom_30-03-2009_15-25-33.JPG/220px-Versteendeboom_30-03-2009_15-25-33.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Versteendeboom_30-03-2009_15-25-33.JPG/330px-Versteendeboom_30-03-2009_15-25-33.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Versteendeboom_30-03-2009_15-25-33.JPG/440px-Versteendeboom_30-03-2009_15-25-33.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2199" data-file-height="1951" /></a><figcaption><i>In ferstiende beam út de stienkoalmyn fan Houthalen</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Eikenstrub_Wilde_Kamp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Eikenstrub_Wilde_Kamp.jpg/220px-Eikenstrub_Wilde_Kamp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Eikenstrub_Wilde_Kamp.jpg/330px-Eikenstrub_Wilde_Kamp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Eikenstrub_Wilde_Kamp.jpg/440px-Eikenstrub_Wilde_Kamp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="362" /></a><figcaption><i>Hakhoutstoel yn natoergebiet De Wylde Kamp by Garderen</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Troch it winnen fan hakhout yn earder tiden binne der saneamde hakhoutstuollen ûntstien. In hakhoutstoel bestiet út meardere stammen, dy't allegear ta itselde yndividu hearre en kinne wol tweintich meter yn trochsneed wêze. Op de <a href="/wiki/Feluwe" title="Feluwe">Feluwe</a> komme noch <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hakhoutstoel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hakhoutstoel (noch net skreaun)">hakhoutstuollen</a> fan de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iik (noch net skreaun)">iik</a> foar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dea_hout">Dea hout</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Dielside bewurkje: Dea hout" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Dea hout"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dea_hout&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dea hout (noch net skreaun)">Dea hout</a> wurdt yn it bysûnder yn de <a href="/wiki/Biotoop" title="Biotoop">biotoop</a>- en soartenbeskerming brûkt as sammelbegryp foar ôfstoarne beammen of dielen derfan. Rûchwei kinne dêryn ûnderskieden: </p> <ul><li>steand dea hout, oftewel noch net omfallen beammen of harren dielen</li> <li>lizzend dea hout, dat al op de grûn leit.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religy">Religy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Dielside bewurkje: Religy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Religy"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wrâldwiid wurde beammen brûkt as <a href="/wiki/Hillichdom" title="Hillichdom">hillichdom</a> en yn West-Europa wie dit benammen yn foarkristlike tiden it gefal. By dizze beammen waarden rituelen útfierd. In foarbyld fan in noch altiten besteande beam is de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hillige_Iik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hillige Iik (noch net skreaun)">Hillige Iik</a> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_Hout&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den Hout (noch net skreaun)">Den Hout</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Oosterhout_(Noard-Brab%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oosterhout (Noard-Brabân) (noch net skreaun)">Oosterhout</a>). </p><p>Ek yn ier-kristlike tiden waarden beammen brûkt. Sa bestienen der lapkes- of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koartsbeam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koartsbeam (noch net skreaun)">koartsbeammen</a>, dêr't liifgoed oan ophong waard yn de ferûnderstelling dat koarts dêrtroch fermindere. Anno 2005 binne der noch altiten lapkes- of koartsbeammen te finen yn de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liesbosk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liesbosk (noch net skreaun)">Liesbosk</a> by <a href="/wiki/Breda" title="Breda">Breda</a> en by de Sint-Walrickskapel fan <a href="/wiki/Overasselt" title="Overasselt">Overasselt</a>. Fergelykber is de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Breukebeam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Breukebeam (noch net skreaun)">breukebeam</a> yn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yde (noch net skreaun)">Yde</a>. </p><p>Ek de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernebea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernebea (noch net skreaun)">bernebea</a>, de beam dêr't de bern wei komme, is in oerbliuwsel fan âld <a href="/w/index.php?title=Byleauwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byleauwe (noch net skreaun)">byleauwe</a>. Sjoch ek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beamhillichdom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beamhillichdom (noch net skreaun)">beamhillichdom</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utspraken_oer_beammen">Utspraken oer beammen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Dielside bewurkje: Utspraken oer beammen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Utspraken oer beammen"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>As ik wist dat de wrâld moarn fergiet, san soe ik hjoed in beam plantsje.</i> <a href="/wiki/Maarten_Luther" class="mw-redirect" title="Maarten Luther">Maarten Luther</a></li> <li>Alde beammen steane de stoarm troch en falle by stil waar om</li> <li>De appel falt net fier fan de beam.</li> <li>Hege beammen hawwe folle wynfang.</li> <li>In beam falt net by de earste slach.</li> <li>De beam grut, de man dea</li> <li>Tusken beam en bast sitte</li> <li>Fan de hege beam tarre</li> <li>Alde beammen litte har net maklik ferplantsje</li> <li>Alde beammen moatte net te swier snoeid wurde</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soerstof_en_fynstof">Soerstof en fynstof</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Dielside bewurkje: Soerstof en fynstof" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Soerstof en fynstof"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De blêden fan in beam foarmje <a href="/wiki/Glukoaze" class="mw-redirect" title="Glukoaze">glukoaze</a> mei help fan (sinne)ljocht en koalsoergas út de loft, wylst de woartels wetter, soerstof en fiedingssâlten út de boaiem opnimme. Hjirút kin in beam<a href="/wiki/Koalhydraat" title="Koalhydraat">koalhydraten</a> foarmje dy't hy nedich hat foar de foarming fan blêden, knoppen en ek foar de lingte- en diktegroei. Dit fermogen hat in beam tanksij de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bl%C3%AAdgrienkerrel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blêdgrienkerrel (noch net skreaun)">blêdgrienkerrels</a> yn de blêden. Dizze blêdgrienkerrels jouwe de griene kleur oan it blêd en se soargje mei help fan (sinne)ljocht foar it proses fan de <a href="/wiki/Fotosynteze" title="Fotosynteze">fotosynteze</a>. By dit proses ûntsteane neist koalhydraten ek soerstof dy't needsaaklik is by it sykheljen fan bisten en minsken. In hûndert jier âlde <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%BBk_(beam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bûk (beam) (noch net skreaun)">bûk</a> mei in blêdoerflak fan 1.500 m² kin yn de jierliks soerstofbehoefte fan tsien minsken foarsjen. Boppedat nimme de blêden fan dizze beam yn de moannen dat de beam yn blêd stiet noch ris 2,83 m³ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fynstof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fynstof (noch net skreaun)">fynstof</a> op en kin dizze nei elke reinbuoi wer likefolle stof opnimme. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Markante_beammen">Markante beammen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Dielside bewurkje: Markante beammen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Markante beammen"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nederlân"><span id="Nederl.C3.A2n"></span>Nederlân</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Dielside bewurkje: Nederlân" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Nederlân"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>De heechste beam yn Nederlân stiet op it keninklike lângoed Het Loo by <a href="/wiki/Apeldoorn" class="mw-redirect" title="Apeldoorn">Apeldoorn</a>. It giet om in mânskee <a href="/w/index.php?title=Douglasspjirre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Douglasspjirre (noch net skreaun)">douglasspjirre</a> fan 52 meter heech dy't tusken 1860 en 1870 plante is.</li> <li>De <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kroezebeam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kroezebeam (noch net skreaun)">Kroezebeam</a> fan Fleringen, by <a href="/wiki/Tubbergen" title="Tubbergen">Tubbergen</a>. Skatte leeftiid 400-500 jier.</li> <li>Wilhelminabeam foar it stêdhûs fan <a href="/wiki/Ljouwert_(st%C3%AAd)" title="Ljouwert (stêd)">Ljouwert</a>, plante ta eare fan de berte fan keninginne Wilhelmina, de âldste beam fan de stêd stiet yn de St Anthonystrjitte.</li> <li>De Dikke Beam fan Verwolde, by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laren_(Gelderl%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laren (Gelderlân) (noch net skreaun)">Laren (Gelderlân)</a>. Skatte leeftiid 450 jier.</li> <li>De <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wodansiken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wodansiken (noch net skreaun)">Wodansiken</a> fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfheze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfheze (noch net skreaun)">Wolfheze</a>. Skatte leeftiid 300-450 jier.</li> <li>De Kroezebeam fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruurlo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruurlo (noch net skreaun)">Ruurlo</a>. Skatte leeftiid 350-400 jier.</li> <li>De Kozakkeniik fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delden_(Oerisel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delden (Oerisel) (noch net skreaun)">Delden</a>. Skatte leeftiid 350 jier.</li> <li>Meardere iken by <a href="/wiki/Paleis_Het_Loo" title="Paleis Het Loo">Paleis Het Loo</a>, Apeldoarn. Leeftiid ± 310 jier.</li> <li>De Reuzeniik fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vorden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vorden (noch net skreaun)">Vorden</a>. Skatte leeftiid 300 jier.</li> <li>De Simmeriik op <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A2ngoed_Hilverbeek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lângoed Hilverbeek (noch net skreaun)">Lângoed Hilverbeek</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%27s-Graveland_(Noard-Holl%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="'s-Graveland (Noard-Hollân) (noch net skreaun)">'s-Graveland</a>. Skatte leeftiid 300 jier.</li> <li>De bûk yn Dwingeloo. Skatte leeftiid 450-500 jier âld.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Feriene_Steaten_fan_Amearika"><a href="/wiki/Feriene_Steaten_fan_Amearika" class="mw-redirect" title="Feriene Steaten fan Amearika">Feriene Steaten fan Amearika</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Dielside bewurkje: Feriene Steaten fan Amearika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Feriene Steaten fan Amearika"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Generaal_Grantbeam" title="Generaal Grantbeam">Generaal Grantbeam</a>, in mammoetbeam fan sa'n 1650 jier âld.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sjoch_ek">Sjoch ek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Dielside bewurkje: Sjoch ek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beam&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Sjoch ek"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_fan_natuerlik_hout_yn_de_Benel%C3%BAks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List fan natuerlik hout yn de Benelúks (noch net skreaun)">List fan natuerlik hout yn de Benelúks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arboretum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arboretum (noch net skreaun)">Arboretum</a>: beammetún</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metoade_Raad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metoade Raad (noch net skreaun)">Metoade Raad</a>: waardebepaling fan beammen (yn Nederlân)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dendrogronology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dendrogronology (noch net skreaun)">Dendrogronology</a></li></ul> <div style="position:absolute; visibility:hidden; height:0; margin-top:1em;"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes"><span id="Boarnen.2C_noaten_en_referinsjes"></span>Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berjocht:Boarnen&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Edit section's source code: Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </div> <table class="toccolours" style="font-size:85%; margin-top:1em; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 5px; clear: both;" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <td><b>Boarnen, noaten en/as referinsjes:</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monumentaltrees.com/nl/bomen/mammoetboom/grootste_boom_ter_wereld/">De grutste, heechste, dikste en âldste beammen fan de wrâld</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bomengids.nl">Beammen determinearje oan de hân fan foto's</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"> <figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/75px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/100px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure> </div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">Op <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="commons:">Wikimedia Commons</a></b> kinne jo mear ôfbyldings en oare media fine dy te krijen hawwe mei: <p><b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:trees?uselang=fy">trees</a></span></b> </p> </div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5f59cc9d56‐h58rx Cached time: 20241112160302 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.042 seconds Real time usage: 0.142 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 195/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1653/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 765/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 6/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 36/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 4.983 1 -total 100.00% 4.983 1 Berjocht:Boarnen 65.70% 3.274 1 Berjocht:Commons --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key fywiki:pcache:idhash:43700-0!canonical and timestamp 20241112160302 and revision id 1021591. 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