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id="toc-The_term_"acolyte"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_term_"acolyte""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>The term "acolyte"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_term_"acolyte"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Female_altar_servers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Female_altar_servers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Female altar servers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Female_altar_servers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Duties_at_Mass" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Duties_at_Mass"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Duties at Mass</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Duties_at_Mass-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vestments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vestments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Vestments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vestments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Byzantine_Rite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Byzantine_Rite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Byzantine Rite</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Byzantine_Rite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Other churches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A8%D8%AD" title="خادم المذبح – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خادم المذبح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escolano" title="Escolano – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Escolano" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Міністрант – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Міністрант" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolist" title="Kolist – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kolist" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrant" title="Ministrant – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ministrant" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrant" title="Ministrant – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ministrant" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monaguillo" title="Monaguillo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monaguillo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messervanto" title="Messervanto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Messervanto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meza_laguntzaile" title="Meza laguntzaile – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Meza laguntzaile" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servant_d%27autel" title="Servant d'autel – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Servant d'autel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mistsjinner" title="Mistsjinner – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mistsjinner" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%82%AC_(%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90)" title="복사 (기독교) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="복사 (기독교)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrant" title="Ministrant – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ministrant" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putra_altar" title="Putra altar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Putra altar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrante" title="Ministrante – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ministrante" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrante" title="Ministrante – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ministrante" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mministranti" title="Mministranti – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mministranti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrantes" title="Ministrantes – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ministrantes" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massend%C3%A9nger" title="Massendénger – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Massendénger" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrantas" title="Ministrantas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ministrantas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misdener" title="Misdener – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Misdener" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministr%C3%A1ns" title="Ministráns – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ministráns" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82" title="Аколут – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Аколут" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anak_altar" title="Anak altar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Anak altar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misdienaar" title="Misdienaar – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Misdienaar" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A0%82%E5%BD%B9" title="堂役 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="堂役" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrant" title="Ministrant – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ministrant" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrant" title="Ministrant – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ministrant" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coroinha" title="Coroinha – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Coroinha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Министрант – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Министрант" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini%C5%A1trant" title="Miništrant – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Miništrant" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrant" title="Ministrant – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ministrant" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministrant" title="Ministrant – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ministrant" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Міністрант – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Міністрант" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%BAp_l%E1%BB%85" title="Giúp lễ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giúp lễ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%97n%C4%97strants" title="Mėnėstrants – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Mėnėstrants" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BC%94%E7%A5%AD" title="輔祭 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="輔祭" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Assistant to a member of the clergy</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Biskupsk%C3%A9_sv%C4%9Bcen%C3%AD_Z._Wasserbauer_2018-05-19_pr%C5%AFvod_17_%E2%80%9ELahvoun%E2%80%9C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Biskupsk%C3%A9_sv%C4%9Bcen%C3%AD_Z._Wasserbauer_2018-05-19_pr%C5%AFvod_17_%E2%80%9ELahvoun%E2%80%9C.jpg/220px-Biskupsk%C3%A9_sv%C4%9Bcen%C3%AD_Z._Wasserbauer_2018-05-19_pr%C5%AFvod_17_%E2%80%9ELahvoun%E2%80%9C.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Biskupsk%C3%A9_sv%C4%9Bcen%C3%AD_Z._Wasserbauer_2018-05-19_pr%C5%AFvod_17_%E2%80%9ELahvoun%E2%80%9C.jpg/330px-Biskupsk%C3%A9_sv%C4%9Bcen%C3%AD_Z._Wasserbauer_2018-05-19_pr%C5%AFvod_17_%E2%80%9ELahvoun%E2%80%9C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Biskupsk%C3%A9_sv%C4%9Bcen%C3%AD_Z._Wasserbauer_2018-05-19_pr%C5%AFvod_17_%E2%80%9ELahvoun%E2%80%9C.jpg/440px-Biskupsk%C3%A9_sv%C4%9Bcen%C3%AD_Z._Wasserbauer_2018-05-19_pr%C5%AFvod_17_%E2%80%9ELahvoun%E2%80%9C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2156" data-file-height="2636" /></a><figcaption>A Czech altar server</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/25px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/38px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_ecclesiastical_titles" title="Category:Catholic ecclesiastical titles">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Hierarchy of the Catholic Church">Hierarchy of the<br />Catholic Church</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gesupietrochiave.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Saint Peter" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gesupietrochiave.jpg/150px-Gesupietrochiave.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gesupietrochiave.jpg/225px-Gesupietrochiave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gesupietrochiave.jpg/300px-Gesupietrochiave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Saint Peter</a></div></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:gold"> <a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_ecclesiastical_titles" title="Category:Catholic ecclesiastical titles">Ecclesiastical titles</a> (<a href="/wiki/Order_of_precedence_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Order of precedence in the Catholic Church">order of precedence</a>)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Emeritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Emeritus">Pope Emeritus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Vicar" title="Cardinal Vicar">Cardinal Vicar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown-cardinal" title="Crown-cardinal">Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_the_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince of the Church">Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_protector" title="Cardinal protector">Protector</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderator_of_the_curia" title="Moderator of the curia">Moderator of the curia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_His_Holiness" title="Chaplain of His Holiness">Chaplain of His Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_legate" title="Papal legate">Papal legate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_majordomo" title="Papal majordomo">Papal majordomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">Apostolic nuncio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">Apostolic delegate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Syndic" title="Apostolic Syndic">Apostolic Syndic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_visitor" title="Apostolic visitor">Apostolic visitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_vicariate" title="Apostolic vicariate">Vicar apostolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exarch#Modern_Eastern_Catholic_churches" title="Exarch">Apostolic exarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_prefecture" title="Apostolic prefecture">Apostolic prefect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_to_the_papal_throne" title="Assistant to the papal throne">Assistant to the papal throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eparchy#Church_hierarchy" title="Eparchy">Eparch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch#Catholic_Church" title="Patriarch">Patriarch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholicos" title="Catholicos">Catholicos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Emeritus" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop emeritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_bishop" title="Diocesan bishop">Diocesan bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_archbishop" title="Major archbishop">Major archbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">Primate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffragan_bishop" title="Suffragan bishop">Suffragan bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titular_bishop" title="Titular bishop">Titular bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coadjutor_bishop" title="Coadjutor bishop">Coadjutor bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_bishop" title="Auxiliary bishop">Auxiliary bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelate" title="Prelate">Prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provost_(religion)" title="Provost (religion)">Provost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiff" title="Pontiff">Pontiff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_prelate" title="Territorial prelate">Territorial prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_abbey" title="Territorial abbey">Territorial abbot</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Liturgical titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">Acolyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecrator" title="Consecrator">Consecrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)#CatholicLector" title="Reader (liturgy)">Lector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdeacon" title="Subdeacon">Subdeacon</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Administrative and pastoral titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auditor_(ecclesiastical)" title="Auditor (ecclesiastical)">Auditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_brother#Catholicism" title="Religious brother">Brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(ecclesiastical)" title="Chancellor (ecclesiastical)">Chancellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain" title="Chaplain">Chaplain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_chaplain#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Military chaplain">Military chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ordinariate" title="Military ordinariate">Military ordinary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coarb" title="Coarb">Coarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessor#Confession_of_sins" title="Confessor">Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultor" title="Consultor">Consultor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curate#Roman_Catholicism" title="Curate">Curate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archdeacon" title="Archdeacon">Archdeacon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defender_of_the_bond" title="Defender of the bond">Defender of the bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Definitor" title="Definitor">Definitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_advocate" title="Devil's advocate">Devil's advocate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_administrator" title="Diocesan administrator">Diocesan administrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_judge" title="Ecclesiastical judge">Ecclesiastical judge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcist#Catholicism" title="Exorcist">Exorcist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_laity" title="Catholic laity">Laity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lay_abbot" title="Lay abbot">Lay abbot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abthain" title="Abthain">Abthain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commendatory_abbot" title="Commendatory abbot">Commendatory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lay_cardinal" title="Lay cardinal">Lay cardinal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_(Catholic_Church)" title="Minister (Catholic Church)">Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_orders" title="Major orders">Major orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_orders" title="Minor orders">Minor orders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">Missionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monsignor" title="Monsignor">Monsignor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official#Ecclesiastical_judiciary" title="Official">Officialis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostiarius" title="Ostiarius">Ostiarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastor" title="Pastor">Pastor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_pastor" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant pastor">Assistant pastor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palatinus_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Palatinus in the Catholic Church">Palatinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_prelature" title="Personal prelature">Personal prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preacher" title="Preacher">Preacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefect#Ecclesiastical" title="Prefect">Prefect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyter" title="Presbyter">Presbyter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elder_(Christianity)#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Elder 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general">Vicar general</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_(Christianity)" title="Dean (Christianity)">Vicar forane</a> <ul><li>Sub-dean</li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Consecrated and professed titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">Abbess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">Abbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consecrated_virgin" title="Consecrated virgin">Consecrated virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrector#Ecclesiastic_(Catholic)_titles" title="Corrector">Corrector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custos_(Franciscans)" title="Custos (Franciscans)">Custos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">Friar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_(Christianity)#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Dean (Christianity)">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermit" title="Hermit">Hermit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novice_master" title="Novice master">Master of novices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novice#Roman_Catholicism" title="Novice">Novice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">Nun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postulant" title="Postulant">Postulant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblate" title="Oblate">Oblate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prior_(ecclesiastical)" title="Prior (ecclesiastical)">Prior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_superior" title="Provincial superior">Provincial superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rector_(ecclesiastical)" title="Rector (ecclesiastical)">Rector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_(Western_Christianity)" title="Religious (Western Christianity)">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_general_(Christianity)" title="Superior general (Christianity)">Superior general</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Additional titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Service_of_Charity" title="Dicastery for the Service of Charity">Almoner</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Altar server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archimandrite" title="Archimandrite">Archimandrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archpriest" title="Archpriest">Archpriest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archdeacon" title="Archdeacon">Archdeacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_(title)" title="Canon (title)">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_General_of_the_Church" title="Captain General of the Church">Captain General of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorbishop" title="Chorbishop">Chorbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coarb" title="Coarb">Coarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissary_Apostolic" title="Commissary Apostolic">Commissary Apostolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custos_(under-sacristan)" title="Custos (under-sacristan)">Custos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Dataria" title="Apostolic Dataria">Datarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonfalonier_of_the_Church" title="Gonfalonier of the Church">Gonfalonier of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelate_of_Honour_of_His_Holiness" title="Prelate of Honour of His Holiness">Honorary Prelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_canon" title="Minor canon">Minor canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notarius" title="Notarius">Notarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostiarius" title="Ostiarius">Ostiarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peritus" title="Peritus">Peritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postulator" title="Postulator">Postulator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prebendary" title="Prebendary">Prebendary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precentor" title="Precentor">Precentor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-bishop" title="Prince-bishop">Prince-bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-abbot" title="Prince-abbot">Prince-abbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-primate" title="Prince-primate">Prince-primate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-provost" title="Prince-provost">Prince-provost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_advocate" title="Devil's advocate">Promotor Fidei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protopriest" title="Protopriest">Protopriest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protodeacon#Roman_rite" title="Protodeacon">Protodeacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protosyncellus" title="Protosyncellus">Protosyncellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regionarius" title="Regionarius">Regionarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacristan" title="Sacristan">Sacristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_counseling" title="Sidewalk counseling">Sidewalk Counselor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_usher" title="Church usher">Usher</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Organization titles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_grand_masters_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller" title="List of grand masters of the Knights Hospitaller">Knights Hospitaller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Masters_and_Lieutenancies_of_the_Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Grand Masters and Lieutenancies of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Order of the Holy Sepulchre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order" title="Grand Master of the Teutonic Order">Teutonic Knights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquisitor" title="Inquisitor">Inquisitor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Inquisitor" title="Grand Inquisitor">Grand Inquisitor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preceptor" title="Preceptor">Preceptor</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic_Church_hierarchy_sidebar" title="Template:Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catholic_Church_hierarchy_sidebar" title="Template talk:Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_Church_hierarchy_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>An <b>altar server</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">lay</a> assistant to a member of the <a href="/wiki/Clergy" title="Clergy">clergy</a> during a <a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Christian liturgy</a>. An altar server attends to supporting tasks at the <a href="/wiki/Altar" title="Altar">altar</a> such as fetching and carrying, ringing the <a href="/wiki/Altar_bell" title="Altar bell">altar bell</a>, helping bring up the gifts, and bringing up the liturgical books, among other things. If young, the server is commonly called an <b>altar boy</b> or <b>altar girl</b>. In some Christian denominations, altar servers are known as <a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">acolytes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Church">Church</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altar_server&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vijftig_misdienaars_in_2004_bij_50-jarig_bestaan_Sint_Martinuskerk,_Gennep.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Vijftig_misdienaars_in_2004_bij_50-jarig_bestaan_Sint_Martinuskerk%2C_Gennep.jpg/220px-Vijftig_misdienaars_in_2004_bij_50-jarig_bestaan_Sint_Martinuskerk%2C_Gennep.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Vijftig_misdienaars_in_2004_bij_50-jarig_bestaan_Sint_Martinuskerk%2C_Gennep.jpg/330px-Vijftig_misdienaars_in_2004_bij_50-jarig_bestaan_Sint_Martinuskerk%2C_Gennep.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Vijftig_misdienaars_in_2004_bij_50-jarig_bestaan_Sint_Martinuskerk%2C_Gennep.jpg/440px-Vijftig_misdienaars_in_2004_bij_50-jarig_bestaan_Sint_Martinuskerk%2C_Gennep.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Fifty altar servers, during a celebration of a 50-year-old church, <a href="/wiki/Gennep" title="Gennep">Gennep</a>, Netherlands, September 2004</figcaption></figure> <p>While the function of altar server is commonly associated with children, it can be and is carried out by people of any age or dignity.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the <i>General Instruction of the Roman Missal</i>, "Mass should not be celebrated without a minister, or at least one of the faithful, except for a just and reasonable cause."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_term_"acolyte""><span id="The_term_.22acolyte.22"></span>The term "acolyte"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altar_server&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The term "acolyte""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As in other churches,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> altar servers are sometimes called acolytes in the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> spoke of Saint <a href="/wiki/Tarcisius" title="Tarcisius">Tarcisius</a> as "presumably an acolyte, that is, an altar server".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, within the Latin Church, the term "acolyte" is also used in a more restricted sense, often specified as "instituted acolyte",<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to mean an adult woman or man who has received the <a href="/wiki/Minister_(Catholic_Church)#Instituted_ministries" title="Minister (Catholic Church)">instituted ministry</a> of that name.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acolytes in this narrower sense are not necessarily preparing for ordination as deacons and priests.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are authorized to carry out some functions, in particular that of cleansing the Eucharistic vessels, that are not entrusted to ordinary servers.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those who are to be ordained to the <a href="/wiki/Diaconate" class="mw-redirect" title="Diaconate">diaconate</a> must be instituted as acolytes at least six months previously.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This ministry was long classified in the Latin Church as a <a href="/wiki/Minor_order" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor order">minor order</a>, as by the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Council of Trent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, which does not use the term "server" and instead speaks of altar servers generically among "other ministers", treats in detail of the functions of the "acolyte", often specifying "instituted acolyte".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Female_altar_servers">Female altar servers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altar_server&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Female altar servers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Female_altar_servers" title="Female altar servers">Female altar servers</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Altar_servers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Altar_servers.jpg/240px-Altar_servers.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Altar_servers.jpg/360px-Altar_servers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Altar_servers.jpg/480px-Altar_servers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3778" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Since the 1990s, girls may serve at altar</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/1983_Code_of_Canon_Law" title="1983 Code of Canon Law">1983 Code of Canon Law</a> altered the juridical situation: without distinguishing between male and female, it declared: "Lay persons can fulfill the function of <a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)" title="Reader (liturgy)">lector</a> in liturgical actions by temporary designation. All lay persons can also perform the functions of commentator or <a href="/wiki/Cantor" title="Cantor">cantor</a>, or other functions, according to the norm of law."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 30 June 1992, the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Interpretation_of_Legislative_Texts" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Council for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts">Pontifical Council for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts</a> issued an <a href="/wiki/Interpretation_(Catholic_canon_law)#Authentic_interpretation" title="Interpretation (Catholic canon law)">authentic interpretation</a> of that canon declaring that service of the altar is one of the "other functions" open to lay persons in general, without distinguishing between male and female.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In reference to this authentic interpretation, the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments">Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments</a> sent on 15 March 1994 a circular letter to presidents of <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_conference" title="Episcopal conference">episcopal conferences</a>, clarifying that the canon in question is only of permissive character. It does not require the use of female altar servers. It is thus for each diocesan bishop to decide whether to allow them in his diocese.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A later document from 2001 states that even if a bishop permits female altar servers, the priest in charge of a church in that diocese is not obliged to recruit them, since no one, male or female, has a <i>right</i> to become an altar server. The document also states that "it will always be very appropriate to follow the noble tradition of having boys serve at the altar".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As priests in charge of churches are not obliged to avail of a diocesan bishop's permission in this matter, those belonging to <a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditionalist Catholic">traditionalist Catholic</a> groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Priestly_Fraternity_of_St._Peter" class="mw-redirect" title="Priestly Fraternity of St. Peter">Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Christ_the_King" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Christ the King">Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_the_Good_Shepherd" title="Institute of the Good Shepherd">Institute of The Good Shepherd</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Priestly_Fraternity_of_St._Pius_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Priestly Fraternity of St. Pius X">Society of Saint Pius X</a> and the self-professed Catholic <a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Mary_Immaculate_Queen" title="Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen">CMRI</a> and some other priests do not. </p><p>In the United States, after the Arlington Diocese's decision to allow them, the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Lincoln" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Lincoln">Diocese of Lincoln, Nebraska</a> in 2006 became the only diocese in the country that did not allow females to be altar servers.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it was joined by a church in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Phoenix" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Phoenix">Diocese of Phoenix</a> in August 2011, when it was announced that girls would no longer be allowed to altar serve.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Duties_at_Mass">Duties at Mass</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altar_server&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Duties at Mass"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Priest_or_seminarian_with_thurible.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Priest_or_seminarian_with_thurible.jpg/130px-Priest_or_seminarian_with_thurible.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="398" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Priest_or_seminarian_with_thurible.jpg/195px-Priest_or_seminarian_with_thurible.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Priest_or_seminarian_with_thurible.jpg/260px-Priest_or_seminarian_with_thurible.jpg 2x" data-file-width="394" data-file-height="1207" /></a><figcaption>An altar server carrying a <a href="/wiki/Thurible" title="Thurible">thurible</a> is called a thurifer</figcaption></figure> <p>In the absence of instituted acolytes, some of their functions at <a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a> may be carried out by altar servers.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Servers hold liturgical books for the priest when he is not at the altar and is proclaiming the presidential prayers with outstretched hands. They bring and hold such things as books, thuribles, the <a href="/wiki/Lavabo" title="Lavabo">lavabo</a> water and towel, vessels to hold the consecrated bread, and microphones.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Entrance: The entrance procession is led by a <a href="/wiki/Thurifer" class="mw-redirect" title="Thurifer">thurifer</a> with burning incense (if incense is used at the Mass) and a <a href="/wiki/Cross-bearer" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-bearer">cross-bearer</a> carrying a <a href="/wiki/Processional_cross" title="Processional cross">processional cross</a>, who is flanked on either side by another server bearing a lighted <a href="/wiki/Candle" title="Candle">candle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Proclamation of the Gospel: If incense is used, a server presents to the priest at the <a href="/wiki/Alleluia" title="Alleluia">Alleluia</a> or other pre-Gospel chant the thurible and the incense that he puts in the thurible and blesses,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and servers, who may carry the thurible and lighted candles, precede to the <a href="/wiki/Ambo_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambo (liturgy)">ambo</a> the deacon or priest who proclaims the Gospel there.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Preparation of the Gifts: One or more servers assist in arranging the corporal, the purificator(s), the chalice(s), the pall(s), and the Missal on the altar, leaving it to the deacon to take care of the sacred vessels.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (At a concelebrated Mass without participation by a deacon, a concelebrating priest carries out the functions assigned to the deacon.)<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If, as is appropriate, the bread and wine for the Mass are presented by the faithful, servers assist the priest or deacon who receives these and perhaps other gifts and carry the bread and wine to the priest, placing other gifts in a place distinct from the altar.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They present the <a href="/wiki/Cruet" title="Cruet">cruets</a> of wine and water for the priest or deacon to pour some into the chalice.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If incense is used, a server presents the thurible and incense to the priest, who incenses the offerings, the cross and the altar, after which the deacon or a server incenses the priest and the people.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the priest then washes his hands standing at the side of the altar, a server pours the water over them.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Consecration: An altar server rings a bell shortly before the consecration, generally at the <a href="/wiki/Epiclesis" title="Epiclesis">epiclesis</a> (when the priest extends his hands above the gifts). In accordance with local custom, a server also rings the bell when, after the consecrations of the bread and wine, the priest shows the Host and then the Chalice. If incense is used, a server incenses the consecrated host and the chalice while these are being shown to the people.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sign of Peace: The priest or deacon may give the sign of peace to servers, while remaining within the sanctuary.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Distribution of Holy Communion: In some places it is customary for servers to assist at the distribution of Holy Communion by holding a <a href="/wiki/Communion-plate" title="Communion-plate">communion-plate</a> for communicants.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whether it is to be held by communicants or by a server, a communion-plate is placed on the <a href="/wiki/Credence_table" title="Credence table">credence table</a> before Mass.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its use (held by the communicants) is prescribed when Holy Communion is given by <a href="/wiki/Intinction" title="Intinction">intinction</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Recessional: The servers lead the priest and any other clergy as at the entrance procession, except that a server who acted as thurifer at the entrance now follows the cross-bearer.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>If a bishop celebrates Mass solemnly, two servers, wearing <a href="/wiki/Vimpa" title="Vimpa">vimpae</a>, hold the <a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">mitre</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Crosier" class="mw-redirect" title="Crosier">crosier</a>, and present them at the appropriate times.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vestments">Vestments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altar_server&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Vestments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ministranti-ctyrak.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ministranti-ctyrak.jpg/220px-Ministranti-ctyrak.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ministranti-ctyrak.jpg/330px-Ministranti-ctyrak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ministranti-ctyrak.jpg/440px-Ministranti-ctyrak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption>Altar servers in cassock and surplice and one in alb</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Altar_Boy_in_Holy_Day_Vestments_(1965)_(PICT1209).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Altar_Boy_in_Holy_Day_Vestments_%281965%29_%28PICT1209%29.jpg/220px-Altar_Boy_in_Holy_Day_Vestments_%281965%29_%28PICT1209%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Altar_Boy_in_Holy_Day_Vestments_%281965%29_%28PICT1209%29.jpg/330px-Altar_Boy_in_Holy_Day_Vestments_%281965%29_%28PICT1209%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Altar_Boy_in_Holy_Day_Vestments_%281965%29_%28PICT1209%29.jpg/440px-Altar_Boy_in_Holy_Day_Vestments_%281965%29_%28PICT1209%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Altar Boy in Holy Day Vestments (1965)</figcaption></figure> <p>The vestment common to all ordained and instituted ministers of whatever rank is an <a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">alb</a>, which is to be tied at the waist with a <a href="/wiki/Cincture" title="Cincture">cincture</a> unless the alb is made to fit without cincture.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acolytes, readers and other lay ministers (such as altar servers) may wear either an alb or other appropriate attire as determined by the local <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_conference" title="Episcopal conference">episcopal conference</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Servers often wear <a href="/wiki/Cassock" title="Cassock">cassock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">surplice</a>, with black and red being the most common colors for a server's cassock.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Byzantine_Rite">Byzantine Rite</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altar_server&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Byzantine Rite"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Me_in_church_with_bishop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0a/Me_in_church_with_bishop.jpg/220px-Me_in_church_with_bishop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0a/Me_in_church_with_bishop.jpg/330px-Me_in_church_with_bishop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0a/Me_in_church_with_bishop.jpg/440px-Me_in_church_with_bishop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="894" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church">Ukrainian Catholic</a> bishop and priests during the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a>, with altar servers in front (note the crossed <a href="/wiki/Orarion" title="Orarion">oraria</a> the servers are wearing)</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine Rite</a>, altar servers assist the higher clergy during services. They might carry the cross, candles or <a href="/wiki/Flabellum" title="Flabellum">liturgical fans</a> in <a href="/wiki/Crucession" class="mw-redirect" title="Crucession">processions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Entrance_(Liturgical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Entrance (Liturgical)">entrances</a>; maintain the <a href="/wiki/Thurible" title="Thurible">censer</a>, ensuring it has enough live charcoal, loading it with <a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">incense</a> and handing it to the priest or deacon when required; preparing the hot water (<i><a href="/wiki/Zeon_(liturgy)" title="Zeon (liturgy)">zeon</a></i>) in time for it to be added to the <a href="/wiki/Chalice_(cup)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalice (cup)">chalice</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a>; prepare the <a href="/wiki/Antidoron" title="Antidoron">antidoron</a> for the people to receive after <a href="/wiki/Holy_Communion" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Communion">Holy Communion</a>; and any other necessary tasks so that the priest need not be distracted during the service. An altar server is vested in the <a href="/wiki/Sticharion" title="Sticharion">sticharion</a> only. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Early_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Church">early Church</a>, before someone could be a server he had to be <a href="/wiki/Tonsure#Eastern_Christianity" title="Tonsure">tonsured</a>. Nowadays, in many places it is not necessary to be tonsured before one is allowed to serve (since the tonsure must be done by a bishop or higher-ranking priest). The rites of "Setting Aside a Taper-bearer" and "Tonsuring a <a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)#Orthodoxy" title="Reader (liturgy)">Reader</a>" have now been combined into one service. It is the custom in some traditions, such as the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church" title="Greek Orthodox Church">Greek Orthodox</a> or <a href="/wiki/Melkite" title="Melkite">Melkite</a> Catholic, to allow tonsured altar servers to also vest in the <a href="/wiki/Orarion" title="Orarion">orarion</a>, worn crossed over the back like that of a <a href="/wiki/Subdeacon" title="Subdeacon">subdeacon</a> but with the ends hanging parallel in front. Among the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russians</a>, however, the orarion is not usually worn by servers, but only by duly ordained subdeacons and deacons, with the exception that laymen who are blessed to perform some of the functions of subdeacons may sometimes be blessed to wear the orar. </p><p>Before vesting, the server must fold his sticharion and bring it to the priest for him to bless. The priest blesses and lays his hand on the folded sticharion. The server kisses the priest's hand and the Cross on the vestment, and then withdraws to vest. Any server who has not been tonsured must remove the sticharion when he receives <a href="/wiki/Holy_Communion" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Communion">Holy Communion</a>, because communicants receive the Mysteries according to their order within the Church (so tonsured clergy vest while laymen remove their vestments). Before divesting at the end of the service, the server must receive the priest's blessing. </p><p>The minimum age varies by local circumstance, but boys must be mature enough to carry out their duties without disrupting the sanctity of the altar. Although it is common in North America for boys to act as altar servers, in some places this practice is virtually unknown and these duties are always carried out by adult men. In other places where altar servers are normally boys, adult men will not vest if called upon to serve. In yet other places, boys are not permitted to serve in the Altar on reaching their teens on the grounds that the young man is no longer innocent enough to serve in the altar. </p><p>Altar servers, regardless of age, are subject to all the normal restrictions for those not of higher clerical position. Anyone who is bleeding, or has an open sore, is not permitted to enter the altar. They may not touch the altar table or anything on it under any circumstances, nor the <a href="/wiki/Prothesis_(liturgy)#Architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Prothesis (liturgy)">prothesis</a> without a blessing. They may not touch the sacred vessels, the chalice and <a href="/wiki/Paten" title="Paten">diskos</a> (paten) at any time. They may not stand directly in front of the altar table or pass between the front of it and the <a href="/wiki/Iconostasis" title="Iconostasis">iconostasis</a>, but must cross between the altar and the <a href="/wiki/High_Place" class="mw-redirect" title="High Place">High Place</a> if they need to move to the opposite side. </p><p>In general, women do not serve in the altar except in women's <a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">monasteries</a>. In that case they do not receive the clerical tonsure (though they must be tonsured <a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">nuns</a>), and do not vest in the sticharion, but wear their normal <a href="/wiki/Religious_habit" title="Religious habit">religious habit</a> for attending services, and serve at a certain distance from the actual altar table. Normally, only older nuns may serve in the altar; but the <a href="/wiki/Hegumen" title="Hegumen">Hegumenia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">Abbess</a>) is permitted to enter even if she is younger. A few parishes have begun to use women as altar servers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_churches">Other churches</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altar_server&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">Acolyte</a></div> <p>In many <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> churches,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> churches,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> all who serve in the above positions are called acolytes. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Catholic">Anglo-Catholic</a> and some <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_in_the_United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopal Church in the United States of America">Episcopal</a> Churches however, the vast majority of roles associated with an altar server are the same as those in the Catholic Church, and the same titles for each individual role are retained from Catholic tradition – mostly restored during the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Movement" title="Oxford Movement">Oxford Movement</a> in the 19th century. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Altar servers in art</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Giacomo_di_Chirico_Ministrant.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Altar server, by Giacomo di Chirico"><img alt="Altar server, by Giacomo di Chirico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Giacomo_di_Chirico_Ministrant.jpg/131px-Giacomo_di_Chirico_Ministrant.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Giacomo_di_Chirico_Ministrant.jpg/197px-Giacomo_di_Chirico_Ministrant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Giacomo_di_Chirico_Ministrant.jpg/262px-Giacomo_di_Chirico_Ministrant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="338" data-file-height="515" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Altar server</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_di_Chirico" class="mw-redirect" title="Giacomo di Chirico">Giacomo di Chirico</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escolanets,_Josep_Benlliure_i_Gil,_Museu_de_Belles_Arts_de_Val%C3%A8ncia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Escolanets, by José Benlliure y Gil"><img alt="Escolanets, by José Benlliure y Gil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Escolanets%2C_Josep_Benlliure_i_Gil%2C_Museu_de_Belles_Arts_de_Val%C3%A8ncia.jpg/154px-Escolanets%2C_Josep_Benlliure_i_Gil%2C_Museu_de_Belles_Arts_de_Val%C3%A8ncia.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Escolanets%2C_Josep_Benlliure_i_Gil%2C_Museu_de_Belles_Arts_de_Val%C3%A8ncia.jpg/231px-Escolanets%2C_Josep_Benlliure_i_Gil%2C_Museu_de_Belles_Arts_de_Val%C3%A8ncia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Escolanets%2C_Josep_Benlliure_i_Gil%2C_Museu_de_Belles_Arts_de_Val%C3%A8ncia.jpg/308px-Escolanets%2C_Josep_Benlliure_i_Gil%2C_Museu_de_Belles_Arts_de_Val%C3%A8ncia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1017" data-file-height="1051" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Escolanets</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Benlliure_y_Gil" title="José Benlliure y Gil">José Benlliure y Gil</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Felix_Freiherr_von_Ende_Ministranten_beim_Gebet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ministranten beim Gebet by Felix von Ende, c. 1888"><img alt="Ministranten beim Gebet by Felix von Ende, c. 1888" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Felix_Freiherr_von_Ende_Ministranten_beim_Gebet.jpg/147px-Felix_Freiherr_von_Ende_Ministranten_beim_Gebet.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Felix_Freiherr_von_Ende_Ministranten_beim_Gebet.jpg/221px-Felix_Freiherr_von_Ende_Ministranten_beim_Gebet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Felix_Freiherr_von_Ende_Ministranten_beim_Gebet.jpg/294px-Felix_Freiherr_von_Ende_Ministranten_beim_Gebet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="775" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Ministranten beim Gebet</i> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Felix_von_Ende&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Felix von Ende (page does not exist)">Felix von Ende</a>, c. 1888</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zdzis%C5%82aw_Jasi%C5%84ski_Palm_Sunday_1891.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Palm Sunday mass by Zdzisław Jasiński, 1891"><img alt="Palm Sunday mass by Zdzisław Jasiński, 1891" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Zdzis%C5%82aw_Jasi%C5%84ski_Palm_Sunday_1891.jpg/154px-Zdzis%C5%82aw_Jasi%C5%84ski_Palm_Sunday_1891.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Zdzis%C5%82aw_Jasi%C5%84ski_Palm_Sunday_1891.jpg/231px-Zdzis%C5%82aw_Jasi%C5%84ski_Palm_Sunday_1891.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Zdzis%C5%82aw_Jasi%C5%84ski_Palm_Sunday_1891.jpg/308px-Zdzis%C5%82aw_Jasi%C5%84ski_Palm_Sunday_1891.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3384" data-file-height="2388" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Palm Sunday mass</i> by <a href="/wiki/Zdzis%C5%82aw_Jasi%C5%84ski" title="Zdzisław Jasiński">Zdzisław Jasiński</a>, 1891</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arrecife_-_Iglesia_de_San_Gin%C3%A9s_in_05_ies.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of an altar server in the Iglesia de San Ginés in Arrecife, Lanzarote"><img alt="Statue of an altar server in the Iglesia de San Ginés in Arrecife, Lanzarote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Arrecife_-_Iglesia_de_San_Gin%C3%A9s_in_05_ies.jpg/133px-Arrecife_-_Iglesia_de_San_Gin%C3%A9s_in_05_ies.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Arrecife_-_Iglesia_de_San_Gin%C3%A9s_in_05_ies.jpg/200px-Arrecife_-_Iglesia_de_San_Gin%C3%A9s_in_05_ies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Arrecife_-_Iglesia_de_San_Gin%C3%A9s_in_05_ies.jpg/266px-Arrecife_-_Iglesia_de_San_Gin%C3%A9s_in_05_ies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue of an altar server in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iglesia_de_San_Gin%C3%A9s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iglesia de San Ginés (page does not exist)">Iglesia de San Ginés</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arrecife" title="Arrecife">Arrecife</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altar_server&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEaton2001" class="citation book cs1">Eaton, Robert (2001). <i>How to Motivate, Train and Nurture Acolytes: Five Workshops and Other Resources</i>. Church Publishing, Inc. p. 46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780819224569" title="Special:BookSources/9780819224569"><bdi>9780819224569</bdi></a>. <q><span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Server" and "Acolyte" are often interchangeable words.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+to+Motivate%2C+Train+and+Nurture+Acolytes%3A+Five+Workshops+and+Other+Resources&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=Church+Publishing%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780819224569&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonard_of_Port_Maurice1970" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Leonard_of_Port_Maurice" title="Leonard of Port Maurice">Leonard of Port Maurice</a> (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RjsqCgAAQBAJ&q=%22hidden+treasure%22+%22thomas+more%22&pg=PT66"><i>The Hidden Treasure: Holy Mass</i></a>. TAN Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781618905314" title="Special:BookSources/9781618905314"><bdi>9781618905314</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hidden+Treasure%3A+Holy+Mass&rft.pub=TAN+Books&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=9781618905314&rft.au=Leonard+of+Port+Maurice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRjsqCgAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522hidden%2Btreasure%2522%2B%2522thomas%2Bmore%2522%26pg%3DPT66&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Resources/GIRM/Documents/GIRM.pdf">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, 254; cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P38.HTM">Code of Canon Law, canon 906</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lhN2DwAAQBAJ&q=speer+%22altar+server%22">Roger Speer Jr., Sharon Ely Pearson, <i>I Serve at God's Altar: The Ministry of Acolytes</i> (Church Publishing 2018)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tIr-zGe0SFQC&dq=server+acolyte+interchangeable&pg=PA46">Robert Eaton, <i>How to Motivate, Train and Nurture Acolytes</i> (Church Publishing 2001), p. 46</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DtPfyf1JRvEC&dq=%22another+name+for+server+is+acolyte%22&pg=PA106">David Philippart, <i>Serve God with Gladness: A Manual for Servers</i> (Liturgy Training Publications 1998), p. 106</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quizlet.com/108393189/st-peter-server-training-glossary-flash-cards/">St. Peter Server Training Glossary</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://w2.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/en/audiences/2010/documents/hf_ben-xvi_aud_20100804.html">Pope Benedict XVI, General Audience, 4 August 2010</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaughlinRileyTurner2014" class="citation book cs1">Laughlin, Corinna; Riley, Kenneth A.; Turner, Paul (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iIOgBAAAQBAJ&q=%22altar+server%22&pg=PA57"><i>Guide for Extraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion</i></a>. LiturgyTrainingPublications. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781616711283" title="Special:BookSources/9781616711283"><bdi>9781616711283</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+for+Extraordinary+Ministers+of+Holy+Communion&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=LiturgyTrainingPublications&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781616711283&rft.aulast=Laughlin&rft.aufirst=Corinna&rft.au=Riley%2C+Kenneth+A.&rft.au=Turner%2C+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiIOgBAAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522altar%2Bserver%2522%26pg%3DPA57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncronline.org/news/vatican/francis-changes-catholic-church-law-women-explicitly-allowed-lectors-altar-servers">"Francis changes Catholic Church law: women explicitly allowed as lectors, altar servers"</a>. <i>National Catholic Reporter</i>. January 11, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Catholic+Reporter&rft.atitle=Francis+changes+Catholic+Church+law%3A+women+explicitly+allowed+as+lectors%2C+altar+servers&rft.date=2021-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncronline.org%2Fnews%2Fvatican%2Ffrancis-changes-catholic-church-law-women-explicitly-allowed-lectors-altar-servers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__PV.HTM">Code of Canon Law, canon 230</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/40154/six-lay-men-installed-as-acolytes-in-spokane">Six lay men installed as acolytes in Spokane (Catholic News Service, 14 December 2018)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Resources/GIRM/Documents/GIRM.pdf">General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 192</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P3R.HTM">Code of Canon Law, canon 1035 §2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Canons_and_Decrees_of_the_Council_of_Trent/Session_XXIII/Sacrament_of_Orders">Council of Trent, session XXIII</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.hanover.edu/texts/trent/trentall.html">J. Waterworth, ed. (1848), <i>The Canons and Decrees of the Sacred and Oecumenical Council of Trent</i>, pp. 170−192</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Resources/GIRM/Documents/GIRM.pdf">General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 98, 100, 162, 191, 192, 247, 249, 279, 284</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__PV.HTM">Code of Canon Law, canon 230 §2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.delegumtextibus.va/content/testilegislativi/it/attivita/interpretazioni/can230-par2.html">Authentic interpretation of canon 230 §2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/vatican-communication-on-female-altar-servers-2162">Vatican Communication on Female Altar Servers</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholicliturgy.com/index.cfm/FuseAction/DocumentContents/DocumentIndex/556">"The Catholic Liturgical Library"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Catholic+Liturgical+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicliturgy.com%2Findex.cfm%2FFuseAction%2FDocumentContents%2FDocumentIndex%2F556&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2006-03-22-altar-girls_x.htm">"USATODAY.com - Neb. diocese is lone U.S. holdout on allowing altar girls"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=USATODAY.com+-+Neb.+diocese+is+lone+U.S.+holdout+on+allowing+altar+girls&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Freligion%2F2006-03-22-altar-girls_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClancy" class="citation web cs1">Clancy, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic/local/articles/20110821phoenix-catholic-diocese-girl-servers.html#ixzz2HBvJANlK">"Phoenix diocese cathedral won't allow girl altar servers"</a>. <i>The Arizona Republic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20181102160627/http://archive.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic/local/articles/20110821phoenix-catholic-diocese-girl-servers.html%23ixzz2HBvJANlK">Archived</a> from the original on 2 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Arizona+Republic&rft.atitle=Phoenix+diocese+cathedral+won%27t+allow+girl+altar+servers&rft.aulast=Clancy&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.azcentral.com%2Farizonarepublic%2Flocal%2Farticles%2F20110821phoenix-catholic-diocese-girl-servers.html%23ixzz2HBvJANlK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Resources/GIRM/Documents/GIRM.pdf">"General Instruction of the Roman Missal, no. 100"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>liturgyoffice.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=liturgyoffice.org.uk&rft.atitle=General+Instruction+of+the+Roman+Missal%2C+no.+100&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liturgyoffice.org.uk%2FResources%2FGIRM%2FDocuments%2FGIRM.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Resources/GIRM/Documents/CTM.pdf">"Catholic Bishops' Conference of England & Wales, <i>Celebrating the Mass: A Pastoral Introduction</i> (Catholic Truth Society 2005), p. 19"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>liturgyoffice.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=liturgyoffice.org.uk&rft.atitle=Catholic+Bishops%27+Conference+of+England+%26+Wales%2C+Celebrating+the+Mass%3A+A+Pastoral+Introduction+%28Catholic+Truth+Society+2005%29%2C+p.+19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liturgyoffice.org.uk%2FResources%2FGIRM%2FDocuments%2FCTM.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, no. 120</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">General Instruction of the Roman Missal, no. 132</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, nos. 133, 175</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, nos. 139, 178</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, no. 208</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, nos. 73, 140</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, no. 142</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, nos. 144, 178</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i> makes no reference to a separate incensing of concelebrants (cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtn.com/library/Liturgy/zlitur256.htm">Edward McNamara, "Incensing the Congregation"</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, no. 145</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, no. 150</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, nos. 154, 181</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.holytrinityparish.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Holy-Trinity-Altar-Boy-Handbook-to-Print-9-8-09.pdf">"<i>Altar Boy Handbook</i> of Holy Trinity Catholic Church, Gainesville, Virginia (2009), p. 16"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-07-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Altar+Boy+Handbook+of+Holy+Trinity+Catholic+Church%2C+Gainesville%2C+Virginia+%282009%29%2C+p.+16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.holytrinityparish.net%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2014%2F11%2FHoly-Trinity-Altar-Boy-Handbook-to-Print-9-8-09.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, no. 118</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccdds/documents/rc_con_ccdds_doc_20040423_redemptionis-sacramentum_en.html#_ftnref180">Instruction <i>Redemptionis sacramentum</i>, 93</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, no. 118</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">General Instruction of the Roman Missal, no. 169</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, 336</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></i>, 339</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewtn.com/library/liturgy/zlitur303.htm">Edward McNamara "Colors of Cassocks and Altar Cloths"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.episcopalchurch.org/library/glossary/acolyte">"Acolyte"</a>. Episcopal Church. 22 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Acolyte&rft.pub=Episcopal+Church&rft.date=2012-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.episcopalchurch.org%2Flibrary%2Fglossary%2Facolyte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171028200816/http://augustanadc.org/acolytes-and-deacons/">"Acolytes and deacons"</a>. <i>augustanadc.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://augustanadc.org/acolytes-and-deacons/">the original</a> on 28 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=augustanadc.org&rft.atitle=Acolytes+and+deacons&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faugustanadc.org%2Facolytes-and-deacons%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAltar+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altar_server&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Altar_servers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Altar servers">Altar servers</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <p><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/31px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/47px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/62px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071007142135/http://www.russianorthodoxchurch.ws/synod/eng2006/images/auspetrapavla.jpg">Photo of Russian Orthodox bishop surrounded by servers</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sanctamissa.org/en/serving/">SanctaMissa.org's Online Altar Server Tutorial with Video and Guides (1962 Roman Missal)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171003042639/http://www.sanctamissa.org/en/serving/">Archived</a> 2017-10-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thesacredheart.com/altguide.htm">Altar Server Guide</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080424113905/http://www.rc.net/providence/stwillri/altarservers.html">Another Altar Server Manual</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090520061122/http://moas-srcp.catholicweb.com/">Official Website of the Ministry of Altar Servers San Roque Cathedral, Diocese of Caloocan, Philippines</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714132029/http://snpmas.multiply.com/">Official Website of the Ministry of Altar Servers of Sto. Niño Parish, Taguig, Philippines</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://t.me/ministrantpress/">MINISTRANT PRESS</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template:Mass of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template talk:Mass of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mass of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Forms and uses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Tridentine_Mass" title="Pre-Tridentine Mass">Pre-Tridentine Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preconciliar_rites_after_the_Second_Vatican_Council" title="Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council">After the Second Vatican Council</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a> (Ordinary Form)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaire_Use" title="Zaire Use">Zaire Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Use" title="Anglican Use">Anglican Use</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_order_liturgical_rite" title="Catholic order liturgical rite">Orders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benedictine_Rite" title="Benedictine Rite">Benedictine Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelite_Rite" title="Carmelite Rite">Carmelite Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthusian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthusian Rite">Carthusian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistercian_Rite" title="Cistercian Rite">Cistercian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Rite" title="Dominican Rite">Dominican Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbertine_Rite" title="Norbertine Rite">Norbertine Rite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_Mass" title="Low Mass">Low Mass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_cantata" title="Missa cantata">Missa Cantata</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_Mass" title="Solemn Mass">Solemn Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_High_Mass" title="Pontifical High Mass">Pontifical High Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Mass" title="Papal Mass">Papal Mass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sine_populo" title="Sine populo">sine populo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_Mass" title="Votive Mass">Votive Mass</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ritual_Masses" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ritual_Masses" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritual Masses">Ritual Masses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Mass" title="Blue Mass">Blue Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapter_and_Conventual_Mass" title="Chapter and Conventual Mass">Chapter and Conventual Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_Mass" title="Coronation Mass">Coronation Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold Mass">Gold Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuptial_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuptial Mass">Nuptial Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Mass" title="Red Mass">Red Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Rose Mass">Rose Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem">Requiem Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Month%27s_mind" title="Month's mind">Month's mind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="White Mass">White Mass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_use_of_Latin" title="Liturgical use of Latin">Liturgical use of Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Latin" title="Ecclesiastical Latin">Ecclesiastical Latin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernacular" title="Vernacular">Vernacular</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Order of Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Pre-Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vesting_prayers" title="Vesting prayers">Vesting prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asperges" title="Asperges">Asperges me</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vidi_aquam" title="Vidi aquam">Vidi aquam</a> in <a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Eastertide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processional_hymn" title="Processional hymn">Processional hymn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Liturgy of<br />the Word</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_cross" title="Sign of the cross">Sign of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalm_43" title="Psalm 43">Psalm 43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Introit" title="Introit">Entrance Antiphon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penitential_Act" title="Penitential Act">Penitential Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confiteor" title="Confiteor">Confiteor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kyrie" title="Kyrie">Kyrie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_in_excelsis_Deo" title="Gloria in excelsis Deo">Gloria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominus_vobiscum" title="Dominus vobiscum">Dominus vobiscum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collect" title="Collect">Collect</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oremus" title="Oremus">Oremus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalms#Roman_Catholic_usage" title="Psalms">Responsorial Psalm</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gradual" title="Gradual">Gradual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Epistle (liturgy)">Epistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alleluia#Roman_Rite" title="Alleluia">Alleluia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tract_(liturgy)" title="Tract (liturgy)">Tract</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sequence_(musical_form)" title="Sequence (musical form)">sequence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_(liturgy)#Uses_in_the_Western_Churches" title="Gospel (liturgy)">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homily" title="Homily">Homily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Credo" title="Credo">Credo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed</a> or <a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Creed" title="Apostles' Creed">Apostles' Creed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Intercessions" title="General Intercessions">Universal Prayer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Liturgy of<br />the Eucharist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Offertory" title="Offertory">Offertory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orate_fratres" title="Orate fratres">Orate fratres</a> / <a href="/wiki/Secret_(liturgy)" title="Secret (liturgy)">prayer over the gifts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preface_(liturgy)" title="Preface (liturgy)">Preface</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sursum_corda" title="Sursum corda">Sursum corda</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sanctus" title="Sanctus">Sanctus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hosanna" title="Hosanna">Hosanna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_(liturgy)" title="Anaphora (liturgy)">Eucharistic Prayer</a>/<a href="/wiki/Canon_of_the_Mass" title="Canon of the Mass">Canon of the Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oblation" title="Oblation">oblation</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Epiclesis" title="Epiclesis">epiclesis</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Words_of_Institution" title="Words of Institution">Words of Institution</a> / <a href="/wiki/Elevation_(liturgy)" title="Elevation (liturgy)">elevation</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Anamnesis_(Christianity)" title="Anamnesis (Christianity)">anamnesis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_and_rubrics_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon">texts and rubrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canonical_digits" title="Canonical digits">Canonical digits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_and_rubrics_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon">Roman Canon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="History of the Roman Canon">history</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Acclamation" title="Memorial Acclamation">Memorial Acclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Lord's Prayer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embolism_(liturgy)" title="Embolism (liturgy)">embolism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_doxology" class="mw-redirect" title="Eucharistic doxology">doxology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_(liturgy)" title="Pax (liturgy)">Pax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiss of peace">Sign of peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnus_Dei" title="Agnus Dei">Agnus Dei</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dona_nobis_pacem" title="Dona nobis pacem">Dona nobis pacem</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraction_(religion)" title="Fraction (religion)">Fraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Holy Communion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communion_(chant)" title="Communion (chant)">Communion antiphon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablution_in_Christianity" title="Ablution in Christianity">Ablutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postcommunion" title="Postcommunion">Postcommunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dismissal_(liturgy)" title="Dismissal (liturgy)">Dismissal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ite,_missa_est" title="Ite, missa est">Ite, missa est</a> / <a href="/wiki/Benedicamus_Domino" title="Benedicamus Domino">Benedicamus Domino</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Gospel" title="Last Gospel">Last Gospel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Post-Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonine_Prayers" title="Leonine Prayers">Leonine Prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recessional_hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Recessional hymn">Recessional hymn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">Acolyte</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Altar server</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_altar_servers" title="Female altar servers">female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boat_boy" class="mw-redirect" title="Boat boy">Boat boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantor_(Christianity)" title="Cantor (Christianity)">Cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">Choir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifer" title="Crucifer">Crucifer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_minister_of_Holy_Communion" title="Extraordinary minister of Holy Communion">Extraordinary minister of Holy Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_laity" title="Catholic laity">Laity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_congress" title="Eucharistic congress">Eucharistic Congress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lector" title="Lector">Lector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostiarius" title="Ostiarius">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdeacon" title="Subdeacon">Subdeacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_usher" title="Church usher">Usher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Altar_(Catholic_Church)" title="Altar (Catholic Church)">Altar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_crucifix" class="mw-redirect" title="Altar crucifix">Altar crucifix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_rail" title="Altar rail">Altar rails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">Ambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antependium" title="Antependium">Antependium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_(Catholic_Church)#Candles_and_candlesticks" title="Altar (Catholic Church)">Candles and candlesticks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triple_candlestick_(Catholic_Church)" title="Triple candlestick (Catholic Church)">Triple candlestick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_candle" title="Paschal candle">Paschal candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_lamp" title="Sanctuary lamp">Sanctuary lamp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalice_veil" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalice veil">Chalice veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_bench" title="Communion bench">Communion bench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporal_(liturgy)" title="Corporal (liturgy)">Corporal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Credence_table" title="Credence table">Credence table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneeler" title="Kneeler">Kneeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavabo" title="Lavabo">Lavabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misericord" title="Misericord">Misericord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pall_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pall (liturgy)">Pall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscina" title="Piscina">Piscina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purificator" class="mw-redirect" title="Purificator">Purificator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rood" title="Rood">Rood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_tabernacle" title="Church tabernacle">Tabernacle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Liturgical<br />objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_bell" title="Altar bell">Altar bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_Wednesday#Christian_use_of_ashes" title="Ash Wednesday">Ashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspergillum" title="Aspergillum">Aspergillum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censer" title="Censer">Censer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalice#Christian" title="Chalice">Chalice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciborium_(container)" title="Ciborium (container)">Ciborium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crotalus_(instrument)" title="Crotalus (instrument)">Crotalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offertory#Collection_of_alms" title="Offertory">Collection basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion-plate" title="Communion-plate">Communion-plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruet" title="Cruet">Cruet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangeliary" title="Evangeliary">Evangeliary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fistula_(liturgical_object)" title="Fistula (liturgical object)">Fistula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flabellum" title="Flabellum">Flabellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funghellino" title="Funghellino">Funghellino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_water" title="Holy water">Holy water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">Incense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_use_of_incense#Christianity" title="Religious use of incense">use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuterge" title="Manuterge">Manuterge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paten" title="Paten">Paten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processional_cross" title="Processional cross">Processional cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyx" title="Pyx">Pyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_bread" title="Sacramental bread">Sacramental bread</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wafer" title="Wafer">wafer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_wine" title="Sacramental wine">Sacramental wine</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Must" title="Must">must</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurible" title="Thurible">Thurible</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_books_of_the_Roman_Rite" title="Liturgical books of the Roman Rite">Liturgical books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antiphonary" title="Antiphonary">Antiphonary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A6remoniale_Episcoporum" class="mw-redirect" title="Cæremoniale Episcoporum">Ceremonial of Bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customary_(liturgy)" title="Customary (liturgy)">Customary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Gradual" title="Roman Gradual">Roman Gradual</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Graduale_Simplex" title="Graduale Simplex">Graduale Simplex</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Missal" title="Roman Missal">Roman Missal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Worship:_The_Missal" title="Divine Worship: The Missal">Divine Worship: The Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramentary" title="Sacramentary">Sacramentary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lectionary" title="Lectionary">Lectionary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Pontifical" title="Roman Pontifical">Roman Pontifical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonary" title="Tonary">Tonary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">Vestments</a><br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">Alb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amice" title="Amice">Amice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasuble" title="Chasuble">Chasuble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatic" title="Dalmatic">Dalmatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_sandals" title="Episcopal sandals">Episcopal sandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humeral_veil" title="Humeral veil">Humeral veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallium" title="Pallium">Pallium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_vestments" title="Pontifical vestments">Pontifical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)" title="Stole (vestment)">Stole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">Surplice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunicle" title="Tunicle">Tunicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vimpa" title="Vimpa">Vimpa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year#Catholic_Church_liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical year</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Calendars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_calendar" title="Tridentine calendar">Tridentine calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_1954" title="General Roman Calendar of 1954">General Roman Calendar of 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_Pope_Pius_XII" title="General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII">General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_1960" title="General Roman Calendar of 1960">General Roman Calendar of 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a> (current)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Periods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent" title="Advent">Advent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmastide" title="Christmastide">Christmastide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordinary_Time" title="Ordinary Time">Ordinary Time</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Septuagesima" title="Septuagesima">Septuagesima</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passiontide" title="Passiontide">Passiontide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Triduum" title="Paschal Triduum">Paschal Triduum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Eastertide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Ascension" title="Feast of the Ascension">Ascensiontide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_discipline#Catholic_practice" title="Eucharistic discipline">Eucharistic<br />discipline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abstemius" title="Abstemius">Abstemius</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concelebration" title="Concelebration">Concelebration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_etiquette" title="Church etiquette">Church etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_communion" title="Closed communion">Closed communion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_844" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon 844">Canon 844</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_915" title="Canon 915">Canon 915</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_and_the_developmentally_disabled" title="Communion and the developmentally disabled">Communion and the developmentally disabled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_under_both_kinds" title="Communion under both kinds">Communion under both kinds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_in_the_Catholic_Church#Eucharistic_Fast" title="Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church">Eucharistic fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Communion" title="First Communion">First Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frequent_Communion" title="Frequent Communion">Frequent Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genuflection" title="Genuflection">Genuflection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_head_covering" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian head covering">Head cover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Host_desecration" title="Host desecration">Host desecration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_communion" title="Infant communion">Infant communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intinction" title="Intinction">Intinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserved_sacrament" title="Reserved sacrament">Reserved sacrament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_bread" title="Sacramental bread">Sacramental bread</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sacramental_wine" title="Sacramental wine">wine</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Must" title="Must">must</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_communion" title="Spiritual communion">Spiritual communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_after_Communion" title="Thanksgiving after Communion">Thanksgiving after Communion</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anima_Christi" title="Anima Christi">Anima Christi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viaticum" title="Viaticum">Viaticum</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_theology#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharistic theology">Eucharistic<br />theology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_Christ" title="Body of Christ">Body</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blood_of_Christ" title="Blood of Christ">Blood of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Corpus_Christi" title="Feast of Corpus Christi">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epiousion" title="Epiousion">Epiousion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_in_Christianity#Roman_Catholicism" title="Grace in Christianity">Grace</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Ex_opere_operato" title="Ex opere operato">ex opere operato</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_persona_Christi" title="In persona Christi">In persona Christi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_roots_of_Catholic_Eucharistic_theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical roots of Catholic Eucharistic theology">Historical roots of Catholic Eucharistic theology</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Koinonia" title="Koinonia">Koinonia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_colours" title="Liturgical colours">Liturgical colours</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mirae_caritatis" title="Mirae caritatis">Mirae caritatis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysterium_fidei_(encyclical)" title="Mysterium fidei (encyclical)"><i>Mysterium fidei</i> (encyclical)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Eucharist" title="Origin of the Eucharist">Origin of the Eucharist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion of Jesus</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">salvific nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_of_Melchizedek" title="Priesthood of Melchizedek">Priesthood of Melchizedek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_presence_of_Christ_in_the_Eucharist#Catholic:_Objective,_substantial_and_entire" title="Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist">Real presence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transubstantiation" title="Transubstantiation">Transubstantiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Year_of_the_Eucharist" title="Year of the Eucharist">Year of the Eucharist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Regulations<br />and concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Accentus" title="Accentus">Accentus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad_orientem" title="Ad orientem">Ad orientem</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Versus_populum" title="Versus populum">versus populum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Calendar of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Canon law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Rubrics" title="Code of Rubrics">Code of Rubrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commemoration_(liturgy)" title="Commemoration (liturgy)">Commemoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_day_of_obligation" title="Holy day of obligation">Holy day of obligation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercession_of_saints" title="Intercession of saints">Intercession of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Mass" title="Order of Mass">Ordinary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Proper_(liturgy)" title="Proper (liturgy)">Propers</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pro_multis" title="Pro multis">Pro multis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabbath_in_Christianity#Roman_Catholicism" title="Sabbath in Christianity">Sunday</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Day" title="Lord's Day">Lord's Day</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agape_feast" title="Agape feast">Agape feast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_of_the_Apostolic_Tradition" title="Anaphora of the Apostolic Tradition">Anaphora of the Apostolic Tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Rite" title="Ambrosian Rite">Ambrosian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Catholic theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Christian liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Catholic liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic liturgy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">Christian prayer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Prayer in the Catholic Church">effects of prayer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments" title="Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments">Dicastery for Divine Worship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Council of Trent</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_de_Eucharistia" title="Ecclesia de Eucharistia">Ecclesia de Eucharistia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_adoration" title="Eucharistic adoration">Eucharistic adoration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Benediction_of_the_Blessed_Sacrament" title="Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament">benediction</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dominicae_cenae" title="Dominicae cenae">Dominicae Cenae</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Holy_Hour" title="Holy Hour">Holy Hour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_miracle" title="Eucharistic miracle">Eucharistic miracle</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fermentum" title="Fermentum">Fermentum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Council_of_the_Lateran" title="Fourth Council of the Lateran">Fourth Council of the Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelineau_psalmody" title="Gelineau psalmody">Gelineau psalmody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_chant" title="Gregorian chant">Gregorian chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="History of the Roman Canon">History of the Roman Canon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lex_orandi,_lex_credendi" title="Lex orandi, lex credendi">Lex orandi, lex credendi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_Movement" title="Liturgical Movement">Liturgical Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_reforms_of_Pope_Pius_XII" title="Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII">Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mediator_Dei" title="Mediator Dei">Mediator Dei</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missale_Romanum_(apostolic_constitution)" title="Missale Romanum (apostolic constitution)"><i>Missale Romanum</i> (apostolic constitution)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Catholic_liturgical_music" title="Contemporary Catholic liturgical music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sacrosanctum_Concilium" title="Sacrosanctum Concilium">Sacrosanctum concilium</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Summorum_Pontificum" title="Summorum Pontificum">Summorum Pontificum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Traditionis_custodes" title="Traditionis custodes">Traditionis custodes</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stercoranism" title="Stercoranism">Stercoranism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tra_le_sollecitudini" title="Tra le sollecitudini">Tra le sollecitudini</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output 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