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Available in 10 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nayakas_nin_Keladi" title="Nayakas nin Keladi – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Nayakas nin Keladi" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nayaks_de_Keladi" title="Nayaks de Keladi – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nayaks de Keladi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nayakas_de_Keladi" title="Nayakas de Keladi – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nayakas de Keladi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95" title="केलाडी के नायक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="केलाडी के नायक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nayak_di_Keladi" title="Nayak di Keladi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nayak di Keladi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B3%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81" title="ಕೆಳದಿ ನಾಯಕರು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕೆಳದಿ ನಾಯಕರು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC" title="ഇക്കേരി നായ്ക്കന്മാർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇക്കേരി നായ്ക്കന്മാർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B1%E3%83%A9%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A4%E3%82%AB%E6%9C%9D" title="ケラディ・ナーヤカ朝 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケラディ・ナーヤカ朝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%85%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94" title="කෙළඩියෙහි නායකවරු – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කෙළඩියෙහි නායකවරු" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கேளடி நாயக்கர்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கேளடி நாயக்கர்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Ruling dynasty in Karnataka, India (1499–1763)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Keladi Nayaka Kingdom</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1499–1763</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Greatest_Extent_Of_Keladi_Kingdom_during_the_reign_of_Shivappa_Nayaka.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Greatest Extent Of Keladi Kingdom during the reign of Shivappa Nayaka."><img alt="Greatest Extent Of Keladi Kingdom during the reign of Shivappa Nayaka." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Greatest_Extent_Of_Keladi_Kingdom_during_the_reign_of_Shivappa_Nayaka.jpg/250px-Greatest_Extent_Of_Keladi_Kingdom_during_the_reign_of_Shivappa_Nayaka.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Greatest_Extent_Of_Keladi_Kingdom_during_the_reign_of_Shivappa_Nayaka.jpg/375px-Greatest_Extent_Of_Keladi_Kingdom_during_the_reign_of_Shivappa_Nayaka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Greatest_Extent_Of_Keladi_Kingdom_during_the_reign_of_Shivappa_Nayaka.jpg/500px-Greatest_Extent_Of_Keladi_Kingdom_during_the_reign_of_Shivappa_Nayaka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1019" data-file-height="1260" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Greatest Extent Of Keladi Kingdom during the reign of Shivappa Nayaka.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Kingdom (Subordinate to <a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagara Empire</a> until 1565). <br /> <a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">Independent Kingdom</a> till 1763 A.D.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Keladi" title="Keladi">Keladi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ikkeri" title="Ikkeri">Ikkeri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bidanur" class="mw-redirect" title="Bidanur">Bidanur</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kannada" title="Kannada">Kannada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data">Monarchy</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Raja" title="Raja">Raja</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1499–1530 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Chowdappa Nayaka</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1757–1763 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Queen Veerammaji</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Historical era</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Karnataka" title="History of Karnataka">Post-medieval</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Established </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1499</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Disestablished </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1763</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagara Empire</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore" title="Kingdom of Mysore">Kingdom of Mysore</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Kingdom_of_Mysore.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kingdom_of_Mysore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Kingdom_of_Mysore.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kingdom_of_Mysore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Kingdom_of_Mysore.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kingdom_of_Mysore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="333" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Haleri_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Haleri Kingdom">Haleri Kingdom</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1.JPG/170px-%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1.JPG/255px-%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1.JPG/340px-%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3117" data-file-height="2458" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gandaberunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandaberunda">Gandaberunda</a> sculpted on roof, Rameshwara temple, <a href="/wiki/Keladi" title="Keladi">Keladi</a> </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_and_garden.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_and_garden.JPG/170px-Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_and_garden.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_and_garden.JPG/255px-Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_and_garden.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_and_garden.JPG/340px-Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_and_garden.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Government_Museum_(Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace),_Shivamogga" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Museum (Shivappa Nayaka Palace), Shivamogga">Shivappa Nayaka's palace</a>, Shivamogga, Karnataka</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_in_Shivamogga.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_in_Shivamogga.JPG/170px-Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_in_Shivamogga.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_in_Shivamogga.JPG/255px-Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_in_Shivamogga.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_in_Shivamogga.JPG/340px-Shivappa_Nayaka_Palace_in_Shivamogga.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Front view of <i><a href="/wiki/Durbar_(court)" title="Durbar (court)">darbar</a></i> hall of the Shivappa Nayaka palace</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bakel_beach_from_fort_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bakel_beach_from_fort_1.jpg/170px-Bakel_beach_from_fort_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bakel_beach_from_fort_1.jpg/255px-Bakel_beach_from_fort_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bakel_beach_from_fort_1.jpg/340px-Bakel_beach_from_fort_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>The famous <a href="/wiki/Bekal_Fort" title="Bekal Fort">Bekal Fort</a> at <a href="/wiki/Kasargod" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasargod">Kasargod</a> in Kerala, was built by Shivappa Nayaka</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Nayakas of Keladi</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Kannada:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="kn-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[keɭɐd̪i<span class="wrap"> </span>naːjɐkɐru]</a></span>) (1499–1763), also known as <b>Nayakas of Bednore</b> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Kannada:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="kn-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[bid̪ɐnuːru<span class="wrap"> </span>naːjɐkɐru]</a></span>) and <b>Ikkeri Nayakas</b> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Kannada:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="kn-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[ikːeːri<span class="wrap"> </span>naːjɐkɐru]</a></span>), were an <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> <a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">dynasty</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Keladi" title="Keladi">Keladi</a> in present-day <a href="/wiki/Shimoga_district" title="Shimoga district">Shimoga district</a> of <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. They were an important ruling dynasty in <a href="/wiki/History_of_Karnataka" title="History of Karnataka">post-medieval Karnataka</a>. They initially ruled as a vassal of the famous <a href="/wiki/Vijayanagar_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Vijayanagar Empire">Vijayanagar Empire</a>. After the fall of the empire in 1565, they gained independence and ruled significant parts of <a href="/wiki/Malnad" class="mw-redirect" title="Malnad">Malnad</a> region of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Ghats" title="Western Ghats">Western Ghats</a> in present-day Karnataka, most areas in the <a href="/wiki/Kanara" title="Kanara">coastal regions of Karnataka</a> and the central plains along the <a href="/wiki/Tungabhadra_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Tungabhadra river">Tungabhadra</a> river. In 1763 AD, with their defeat to <a href="/wiki/Hyder_Ali" title="Hyder Ali">Hyder Ali</a>, they were absorbed into the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore" title="Kingdom of Mysore">Kingdom of Mysore</a>. They played an important part in the history of Karnataka,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during a time of confusion and fragmentation that generally prevailed in <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a> after the fall of the Vijayanagar Empire. The Keladi rulers were of the <a href="/wiki/Vokkaliga" title="Vokkaliga">Vokkaliga</a><sup id="cite_ref-mythic_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mythic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Banajiga<sup id="cite_ref-mythic_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mythic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> castes and were <a href="/wiki/Lingayatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingayatism">Veerashaivas</a> by faith.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rulers_of_Keladi_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rulers_of_Keladi-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Haleri_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Haleri Kingdom">Haleri Kingdom</a> that ruled over <a href="/wiki/Coorg" class="mw-redirect" title="Coorg">Coorg</a> between 1600 A.D and 1834 A.D. was founded by a member of the Keladi family.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nayaka_clan">Nayaka clan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nayaka clan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chaudappa Nayaka, originally <i>Chauda Gowda</i>, (1499–1530), was from a village called <i>Pallibailu</i> near <a href="/wiki/Keladi_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Keladi (India)">Keladi</a>. He was the son of couple <i>Basavappa</i> and <i>Basavamambe</i>, who were into farming.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the earliest chieftain to rule the area surrounding <a href="/wiki/Shimoga" title="Shimoga">Shimoga</a>, rose through self capability and acumen and was a feudatory of <a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagara Empire</a>. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sadashiva_Nayaka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sadashiva Nayaka (page does not exist)">Sadashiva Nayaka</a> (1530–1566)<sup id="cite_ref-Gold_Coins_of_the_World_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gold_Coins_of_the_World-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an important chieftain in the Vijayanagar Empire and earned the title <i>Kotekolahala</i> from emperor <a href="/wiki/Aliya_Rama_Raya" class="mw-redirect" title="Aliya Rama Raya">Aliya Rama Raya</a> for his heroics in the battle of Kalyani. The coastal provinces of Karnataka came under his direct rule. He moved the capital to <a href="/wiki/Ikkeri" title="Ikkeri">Ikkeri</a> some 20 km. from <a href="/wiki/Keladi" title="Keladi">Keladi</a>. </p><p>Sankanna Nayaka (1566–1570), succeeded Sadashiva Nayaka. </p><p>Chikka Sankanna Nayaka (1570–1580) was an opportunistic ruler who took advantage of the confusion in the Vijayanagar Empire following its defeat at Tallikota and grabbed a few provinces in Uttara Kannada district. </p><p>Rama Raja Nayaka (1580–1586) </p><p>Hiriya Venkatappa Nayaka (1586–1629) is considered by scholars as ablest monarch of the clan. He completely freed himself from the overlordship of the relocated Vijayanagar rulers of Penugonda. Italian traveller <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Della_Valle" title="Pietro Della Valle">Pietro Della Valle</a>, who visited his kingdom in 1623, called him an able soldier and administrator. In his reign the kingdom expanded so that it covered coastal regions, <a href="/wiki/Malnad" class="mw-redirect" title="Malnad">Malnad</a> regions, and some regions to the east of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Ghats" title="Western Ghats">western Ghats</a> of present-day Karnataka. He is also known to have defeated the Adilshahis of <a href="/wiki/Bijapur_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bijapur Sultanate">Bijapur</a> in Hanagal. Though a <a href="/wiki/Virashaiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Virashaiva">Virashaiva</a> by faith, he built many temples for <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnavas">Vaishnavas</a> and Jains and a mosque for Muslims. He defeated the Portuguese in 1618 and 1619.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Virabhadra Nayaka (1629–1645) faced many troubles from the start, including competition from rival Jain chieftains of Malenad for the throne of Ikkeri and invasion by the Sultanate armies of Bijapur. Ikkeri was plundered by the Bijapur army during his time. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Shivappa_Nayaka" title="Shivappa Nayaka">Shivappa Nayaka</a> (1645–1660) is widely considered as the ablest and greatest of the Keladi rulers. He was the uncle of Virabhadra Nayaka. Shivappa deposed his nephew to gain the throne of Keladi. He was not only an able administrator; he also patronised literature and fine arts. His successful campaigns against the Bijapur sultans, the Mysore kings, the Portuguese, and other Nayakas of the neighbouring territories east of the <a href="/wiki/Western_ghats" class="mw-redirect" title="Western ghats">western ghats</a> helped expand the kingdom to its greatest extent, covering large areas of present-day Karnataka. He gave importance to agriculture and developed new schemes for collection of taxes and revenues which earned him much praise from later British officials. A statue of him and the palace built by him containing many artifacts of his times are reminders of the respect he has earned even from the present generation of people of the region. He destroyed the Portuguese political power in the <a href="/wiki/Kanara" title="Kanara">Kanara</a> region by capturing all the Portuguese forts of the coastal region.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chikka Venkatappa Nayaka (1660–1662), ruled for a short span of time after Shivappa Nayaka. </p><p>Bhadrappa Nayaka (1662–1664), succeeded Chikka Venkatappa Nayaka. During his reign the rule of Vokkaligas came to an end and was replaced by the rule of Banajigas.<sup id="cite_ref-mythic_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mythic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Somashekara Nayaka I (1664–1672) The King who was once a good administrator, gave up his interest in administration after his association with a dancer named Kalavati. Bharame Mavuta, a relative of Kalavati slow poisoned the king which eventually led to his death. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Keladi_Chennamma" title="Keladi Chennamma">Keladi Chennamma</a> (1672–1697) She was an able ruler who some scholars claim was allied with the Maratha <a href="/wiki/Shivaji" title="Shivaji">Shivaji</a> and later his son Sambhaji to defeat all rival claimants to the throne. She gave shelter to Chhatrapathi Rajaram when he fled from the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal</a> army. Chennamma of Keladi is well remembered by local people through tales of her bravery. </p><p>Basavappa Nayaka (1697–1714) He was a brave ruler and was adopted by Rani Chennammaji from their relative Markappa Shetty of Bedanur<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Somashekara Nayaka II (1714–1739) </p><p>Kiriya Basavappa Nayaka (1739–1754) </p><p>Chenna Basappa Nayaka (1754–1757) </p><p>Queen Virammaji (1757–1763) was defeated by Hyder Ali who merged the Keladi kingdom with the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore" title="Kingdom of Mysore">Kingdom of Mysore</a>. The queen was captured by Hyder Ali and was kept in confinement along with her son in the fort of Madugiri.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were however rescued in 1767 when <a href="/wiki/Madhavrao_I" title="Madhavrao I">Madhavrao I</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha Empire">Maratha Empire</a> defeated Hyder Ali in the battle of Madugiri. Later, they were sent to Pune the capital of the Maratha Empire for protection.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Decline_and_end">Decline and end</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Decline and end"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For more than two hundred years the kingdom controlled the coastal and malnad regions of present-day Karnataka and fostered a rich tradition of trade with the English, the Portuguese, and the Dutch.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in the period of gloom brought about by the fall of the great Hindu empire, the Vijayanagar empire, constant wars—campaigns against local chieftains and the <a href="/wiki/Mysore_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Mysore Kingdom">Mysore Kingdom</a> and the harassment of the <a href="/wiki/Marathas" class="mw-redirect" title="Marathas">Marathas</a> finally drained the treasury and resulted in the end of the kingdom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kannada">Kannada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kannada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Keladinripavijayam</i> by Linganna</li> <li><i>Shivagita</i> by Tirumalabhatta</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sanskrit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Shivatattvaratnakara</i> by King Basavappa</li> <li><i>Tattva Kausthuba</i> by Bhattoji Dikshita</li> <li><i>Ashvapandita</i> by Manapriya.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/220px-Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/330px-Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/440px-Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Aghoreshwara temple at <a href="/wiki/Ikkeri" title="Ikkeri">Ikkeri</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg/220px-Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg/330px-Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg/440px-Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1180" /></a><figcaption>Rameshwara Temple in <a href="/wiki/Keladi" title="Keladi">Keladi</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sculpture_of_Mahishasura_Mardhini_dated_to_the_12th_century.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sculpture_of_Mahishasura_Mardhini_dated_to_the_12th_century.JPG/200px-Sculpture_of_Mahishasura_Mardhini_dated_to_the_12th_century.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sculpture_of_Mahishasura_Mardhini_dated_to_the_12th_century.JPG/300px-Sculpture_of_Mahishasura_Mardhini_dated_to_the_12th_century.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sculpture_of_Mahishasura_Mardhini_dated_to_the_12th_century.JPG/400px-Sculpture_of_Mahishasura_Mardhini_dated_to_the_12th_century.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption><i>Mahisha Mardhini</i>, a sculpture in the Shivappa Nayaka Palace and museum</figcaption></figure> <p>The Keladi Nayakas built some fine temples in Ikkeri and Keladi using a combination of late <a href="/wiki/Kadamba_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadamba Dynasty">Kadamba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hoysala" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoysala">Hoysala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_architecture" title="Dravidian architecture">Dravida</a> styles. The use of granite for their construction shows they simply followed the Vijayanagar model of architecture. The Aghoreshwara temple at Ikkeri and the Rameshwara temple at Keladi are the best examples of the Nayakas' art. Vijayanagar-style pillars with hippogryphs are common; called <i>yali</i> columns (depiction of horses and lions as seen in <a href="/wiki/Hampi" title="Hampi">Hampi</a>) is found here. These are pillars with lions, either with their forepaws raised or simply in a sitting position, and pillars with a mythical horse-like animal with front legs raised, balancing on its rear legs, and with an armed rider on its back which are worth seeing at Ikkeri. A roof sculpture depicting a <a href="/wiki/Gandaberunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandaberunda">Gandaberunda</a>, the mythical two-headed bird of Karnataka, is found in Keladi. Also, in the Rameshwara temple, a pillar sculpture shows Maratha Rajaram with Keladi Chennamma (history has it that Rajaram was protected by the queen when he was on the run from the Mughals). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_tolerance">Religious tolerance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Religious tolerance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Keladi Nayakas were <a href="/wiki/Lingayatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingayatism">Veerashaivas</a>, patronized the religion, constructed numerous mutts and were responsible for the spread of <a href="/wiki/Veerashaivism" class="mw-redirect" title="Veerashaivism">Veerashaivism</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Malenadu" title="Malenadu">Malenadu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coastal_Karnataka" class="mw-redirect" title="Coastal Karnataka">Coastal Karnataka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rulers_of_Keladi_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rulers_of_Keladi-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were sixty four mutts in the district of <a href="/wiki/Dakshina_Kannada" title="Dakshina Kannada">Dakshina Kannada</a> alone.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, they were tolerant towards followers of other religions and other <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> denominations. The Keladi Nayakas invited Kazi Mahmoud who was a grandson of chief kazi of Adil Shahi kingdom of Bijapur to settle in <a href="/wiki/Bhatkal" title="Bhatkal">Bhatkal</a>. The revenue of Tenginagundi village was given to Kazi Mahmoud. The kazi family of Bhatkal is popularly known as Temunday Family due to the ownership of lands in Tenginagundi. Many <a href="/wiki/Nawayath" title="Nawayath">Nawayath</a> Muslims were appointed in the administrative positions. The families of these nobles <a href="/wiki/Nawayath" title="Nawayath">Nawayath</a> still use their surnames as <a href="/wiki/Ikkeri" title="Ikkeri">Ikkeri</a> and are mainly settled in and around <a href="/wiki/Bhatkal" title="Bhatkal">Bhatkal</a>. The Golden Kalasa on the dome of <a href="/wiki/Bhatkal" title="Bhatkal">Bhatkal</a> Jamia Masjid popularly known as 'Chinnada Palli' meaning 'Golden Mosque' is believed to be a generous gift from Keladi rulers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yali_pillars_in_mantapa_of_Rameshwara_temple_at_Keladi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Granite yali pillars, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shimoga District"><img alt="Granite yali pillars, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shimoga District" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Yali_pillars_in_mantapa_of_Rameshwara_temple_at_Keladi.jpg/96px-Yali_pillars_in_mantapa_of_Rameshwara_temple_at_Keladi.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Yali_pillars_in_mantapa_of_Rameshwara_temple_at_Keladi.jpg/144px-Yali_pillars_in_mantapa_of_Rameshwara_temple_at_Keladi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Yali_pillars_in_mantapa_of_Rameshwara_temple_at_Keladi.jpg/192px-Yali_pillars_in_mantapa_of_Rameshwara_temple_at_Keladi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2077" data-file-height="2596" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Granite <i>yali</i> pillars, Rameshwara Temple, <a href="/wiki/Keladi" title="Keladi">Keladi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shimoga_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shimoga District">Shimoga District</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yali_pillars1_in_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Granite yali pillars, Aghoreshwara Temple, Ikkeri, Shimoga District"><img alt="Granite yali pillars, Aghoreshwara Temple, Ikkeri, Shimoga District" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Yali_pillars1_in_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg/77px-Yali_pillars1_in_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg" decoding="async" width="77" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Yali_pillars1_in_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg/116px-Yali_pillars1_in_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Yali_pillars1_in_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg/155px-Yali_pillars1_in_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1148" data-file-height="1776" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Granite <i><a href="/wiki/Yali_(Hindu_Mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yali (Hindu Mythology)">yali</a></i> pillars, Aghoreshwara Temple, <a href="/wiki/Ikkeri" title="Ikkeri">Ikkeri</a>, Shimoga District</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Decorative_pillar_sculpture_in_Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wall motif, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shimoga District"><img alt="Wall motif, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shimoga District" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Decorative_pillar_sculpture_in_Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg/79px-Decorative_pillar_sculpture_in_Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Decorative_pillar_sculpture_in_Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg/118px-Decorative_pillar_sculpture_in_Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Decorative_pillar_sculpture_in_Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg/158px-Decorative_pillar_sculpture_in_Rameshwara_Temple_in_Keladi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1167" data-file-height="1773" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wall <a href="/wiki/Motif_(visual_arts)" title="Motif (visual arts)">motif</a>, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shimoga District</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_of_Parrot_feeding_nestling_in_Rameshwara_Temple_at_Keladi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Parrot feeding nestling in frieze, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shimoga District"><img alt="Parrot feeding nestling in frieze, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shimoga District" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Relief_of_Parrot_feeding_nestling_in_Rameshwara_Temple_at_Keladi.jpg/79px-Relief_of_Parrot_feeding_nestling_in_Rameshwara_Temple_at_Keladi.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Relief_of_Parrot_feeding_nestling_in_Rameshwara_Temple_at_Keladi.jpg/119px-Relief_of_Parrot_feeding_nestling_in_Rameshwara_Temple_at_Keladi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Relief_of_Parrot_feeding_nestling_in_Rameshwara_Temple_at_Keladi.jpg/159px-Relief_of_Parrot_feeding_nestling_in_Rameshwara_Temple_at_Keladi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1180" data-file-height="1780" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Parrot feeding nestling in <a href="/wiki/Frieze" title="Frieze">frieze</a>, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shimoga District</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Sarpabandha, the snake chain"><img alt="Sarpabandha, the snake chain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7.JPG/120px-%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7.JPG/180px-%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7.JPG/240px-%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3371" data-file-height="2997" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Sarpabandha</i>, the snake chain</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikkeri_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Nandi Mantapa"><img alt="Nandi Mantapa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ikkeri_02.JPG/120px-Ikkeri_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ikkeri_02.JPG/180px-Ikkeri_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ikkeri_02.JPG/240px-Ikkeri_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="428" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Nandi Mantapa</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nandi_(bull)_in_an_mantapa_with_elegant_entrance_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Monolith of Nandi the bull inside the Nandi mantapa"><img alt="Monolith of Nandi the bull inside the Nandi mantapa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Nandi_%28bull%29_in_an_mantapa_with_elegant_entrance_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/120px-Nandi_%28bull%29_in_an_mantapa_with_elegant_entrance_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Nandi_%28bull%29_in_an_mantapa_with_elegant_entrance_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/180px-Nandi_%28bull%29_in_an_mantapa_with_elegant_entrance_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Nandi_%28bull%29_in_an_mantapa_with_elegant_entrance_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/240px-Nandi_%28bull%29_in_an_mantapa_with_elegant_entrance_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Monolith of <a href="/wiki/Nandi_(bull)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nandi (bull)">Nandi</a> the bull inside the <i>Nandi mantapa</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_Nandi_from_inside_the_mantapa_of_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Another view of Nandi Mantapa from the closed mantapa adjoining the sanctum"><img alt="Another view of Nandi Mantapa from the closed mantapa adjoining the sanctum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/View_of_Nandi_from_inside_the_mantapa_of_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/120px-View_of_Nandi_from_inside_the_mantapa_of_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/View_of_Nandi_from_inside_the_mantapa_of_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/180px-View_of_Nandi_from_inside_the_mantapa_of_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/View_of_Nandi_from_inside_the_mantapa_of_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/240px-View_of_Nandi_from_inside_the_mantapa_of_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Another view of <i>Nandi Mantapa</i> from the closed mantapa adjoining the sanctum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikkeri_04.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Another view of Nandi Mantapa"><img alt="Another view of Nandi Mantapa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Ikkeri_04.JPG/120px-Ikkeri_04.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Ikkeri_04.JPG/180px-Ikkeri_04.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Ikkeri_04.JPG/240px-Ikkeri_04.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Another view of <i>Nandi Mantapa</i></div> </li> </ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikkeri_03.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Aghoreshwara Temple"><img alt="Aghoreshwara Temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Ikkeri_03.JPG/120px-Ikkeri_03.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Ikkeri_03.JPG/180px-Ikkeri_03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Ikkeri_03.JPG/240px-Ikkeri_03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Aghoreshwara Temple</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikkeri_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Aghoreshwara Temple"><img alt="Aghoreshwara Temple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ikkeri_01.JPG/120px-Ikkeri_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ikkeri_01.JPG/180px-Ikkeri_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ikkeri_01.JPG/240px-Ikkeri_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="428" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Aghoreshwara Temple</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Close_up_of_elephant_baluster_and_outer_wall_relief_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="side view"><img alt="side view" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Close_up_of_elephant_baluster_and_outer_wall_relief_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/120px-Close_up_of_elephant_baluster_and_outer_wall_relief_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Close_up_of_elephant_baluster_and_outer_wall_relief_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/180px-Close_up_of_elephant_baluster_and_outer_wall_relief_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Close_up_of_elephant_baluster_and_outer_wall_relief_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/240px-Close_up_of_elephant_baluster_and_outer_wall_relief_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">side view</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wall_relief_and_perforated_window_detail_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="side view"><img alt="side view" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wall_relief_and_perforated_window_detail_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/120px-Wall_relief_and_perforated_window_detail_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wall_relief_and_perforated_window_detail_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/180px-Wall_relief_and_perforated_window_detail_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wall_relief_and_perforated_window_detail_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/240px-Wall_relief_and_perforated_window_detail_in_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3642" data-file-height="2723" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">side view</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Granite_pillars_in_hall_(mantapa)_of_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rangamantapa, the stage for performance"><img alt="Rangamantapa, the stage for performance" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Granite_pillars_in_hall_%28mantapa%29_of_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg/120px-Granite_pillars_in_hall_%28mantapa%29_of_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Granite_pillars_in_hall_%28mantapa%29_of_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg/180px-Granite_pillars_in_hall_%28mantapa%29_of_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Granite_pillars_in_hall_%28mantapa%29_of_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg/240px-Granite_pillars_in_hall_%28mantapa%29_of_Aghoreshwara_Temple_in_Ikkeri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1755" data-file-height="1174" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Rangamantapa</i>, the stage for performance</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Close_up_of_Nandi_mantapa_from_the_entrance_to_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Close up view of Nandi Mantapa"><img alt="Close up view of Nandi Mantapa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Close_up_of_Nandi_mantapa_from_the_entrance_to_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/120px-Close_up_of_Nandi_mantapa_from_the_entrance_to_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Close_up_of_Nandi_mantapa_from_the_entrance_to_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/180px-Close_up_of_Nandi_mantapa_from_the_entrance_to_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Close_up_of_Nandi_mantapa_from_the_entrance_to_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg/240px-Close_up_of_Nandi_mantapa_from_the_entrance_to_the_Aghoreshwara_temple_at_Ikkeri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Close up view of <i>Nandi Mantapa</i></div> </li> </ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%A9.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Bidanur or Bednore fort, Hosanagara"><img alt="Bidanur or Bednore fort, Hosanagara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%A9.JPG/90px-%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%A9.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%A9.JPG/135px-%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%A9.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%A9.JPG/180px-%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%A9.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Bidanur</i> or <i>Bednore</i> fort, Hosanagara</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%AA.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="ruins of Bidanur or Bednore fort, Hosanagara"><img alt="ruins of Bidanur or Bednore fort, Hosanagara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%AA.JPG/120px-%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%AA.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%AA.JPG/180px-%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%AA.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%AA.JPG/240px-%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B3%AA.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">ruins of <i>Bidanur</i> or <i>Bednore</i> fort, Hosanagara</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_of_Kavale_Durga_Fort,_Thirthahalli,_Shimoga.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kavaledurga fort, Kavaledurga, Thirthahalli."><img alt="Kavaledurga fort, Kavaledurga, Thirthahalli." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Aerial_view_of_Kavale_Durga_Fort%2C_Thirthahalli%2C_Shimoga.jpg/120px-Aerial_view_of_Kavale_Durga_Fort%2C_Thirthahalli%2C_Shimoga.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Aerial_view_of_Kavale_Durga_Fort%2C_Thirthahalli%2C_Shimoga.jpg/180px-Aerial_view_of_Kavale_Durga_Fort%2C_Thirthahalli%2C_Shimoga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Aerial_view_of_Kavale_Durga_Fort%2C_Thirthahalli%2C_Shimoga.jpg/240px-Aerial_view_of_Kavale_Durga_Fort%2C_Thirthahalli%2C_Shimoga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Kavaledurga fort</i>, Kavaledurga, Thirthahalli.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Curve_shape_fort_wall.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="curved shape wall of the Basavaraj durga fort built by Shivappa Nayaka."><img alt="curved shape wall of the Basavaraj durga fort built by Shivappa Nayaka." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Curve_shape_fort_wall.jpg/90px-Curve_shape_fort_wall.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Curve_shape_fort_wall.jpg/135px-Curve_shape_fort_wall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Curve_shape_fort_wall.jpg/180px-Curve_shape_fort_wall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">curved shape wall of the <a href="/wiki/Basavaraj_durga_fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Basavaraj durga fort">Basavaraj durga fort</a> built by Shivappa Nayaka.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Karnataka" title="History of Karnataka">History of Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_medieval_Karnataka" title="Political history of medieval Karnataka">Political history of medieval Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sadashiva_Nayaka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sadashiva Nayaka (page does not exist)">Sadashiva Nayaka</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBuchananHamilton1988" class="citation book cs1">Buchanan, Francis; Hamilton, Francis (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bK4Ba6824koC&q=kilidi&pg=PA128"><i>A journey from Madras through the ... – Google Books</i></a>. Asian Educational Services. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788120603868" title="Special:BookSources/9788120603868"><bdi>9788120603868</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+journey+from+Madras+through+the+...+%E2%80%93+Google+Books&rft.pub=Asian+Educational+Services&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=9788120603868&rft.aulast=Buchanan&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbK4Ba6824koC%26q%3Dkilidi%26pg%3DPA128&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mythic-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mythic_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mythic_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mythic_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.277202/page/n55/mode/2up"><i>The quarterly journal of the Mythic society Vol.XI</i></a>. Bangalore: The Mythic Society, Daly Memorial Hall. 1921. pp. <span class="nowrap">47–</span>48.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+quarterly+journal+of+the+Mythic+society+Vol.XI&rft.place=Bangalore&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E47-%3C%2Fspan%3E48&rft.pub=The+Mythic+Society%2C+Daly+Memorial+Hall&rft.date=1921&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.277202%2Fpage%2Fn55%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span>:”Venkatappa. ruled from 1504 to 1551. His son Bhadrappa died before him. During his reign the Moghals under Ranadullakhan seized Ikkeri and set up a, viceroy there. Then Virabhadrappa Nayaka ascended the Gadi and -retiring to Bidarur ruled over his country more peacefully than before.* His rule lasted for 15 years from 1551 to 1566. During his reign the rule of Vokkaligas came to an end and was replaced by the rule of Banajigas”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RpdeAAAAcAAJ&dq=aboriginal+northern+lingavant+the+others+are+still+called+namadari+malavar&pg=RA3-PA81"><i>Selections from the Records of the Mysore Commissioner's Office</i></a>. Karnataka (India): Printed at the Mysore Government Press. 1864. p. 1, 81.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Selections+from+the+Records+of+the+Mysore+Commissioner%27s+Office&rft.place=Karnataka+%28India%29&rft.pages=1%2C+81&rft.pub=Printed+at+the+Mysore+Government+Press&rft.date=1864&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRpdeAAAAcAAJ%26dq%3Daboriginal%2Bnorthern%2Blingavant%2Bthe%2Bothers%2Bare%2Bstill%2Bcalled%2Bnamadari%2Bmalavar%26pg%3DRA3-PA81&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span>p1. "Towards the close of the Anagundi Government one of its officers, Bhadraya, a Malava Gowda of Keladi, is said to have dug up a buried Treasure..." p81. "It is said the Malavar are the aboriginal land - holders of Nagara. Those of the Northern Taluks, Nagara, Sagar & c, adopted the lingavant religion. The others are still called Namadari Malavar."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZiOBi3DNj5kC&q=keladi+nayaka+lingayat&pg=PA10"><i>Keladi Nayakas - The Rebellious Rani of Belavadi and Other Stories</i></a>. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. 2001. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788126901272" title="Special:BookSources/9788126901272"><bdi>9788126901272</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Keladi+Nayakas+-+The+Rebellious+Rani+of+Belavadi+and+Other+Stories&rft.pub=Atlantic+Publishers+%26+Dist&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9788126901272&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZiOBi3DNj5kC%26q%3Dkeladi%2Bnayaka%2Blingayat%26pg%3DPA10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rulers_of_Keladi-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rulers_of_Keladi_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rulers_of_Keladi_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140808012707/http://www.udupitourism.com/Udupi-Keladi-Rulers">"Rulers of Keladi"</a>. Udupi Tourism. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.udupitourism.com/Udupi-Keladi-Rulers">the original</a> on 8 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rulers+of+Keladi&rft.pub=Udupi+Tourism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.udupitourism.com%2FUdupi-Keladi-Rulers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deccanherald.com/content/20079/on-haleri-trail.html">"On Haleri Trail"</a>. <i>Deccan Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deccan+Herald&rft.atitle=On+Haleri+Trail&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deccanherald.com%2Fcontent%2F20079%2Fon-haleri-trail.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazetteer.kar.nic.in/gazetteer/pdf/1975-26-0/Shimoga_1975_Chapter2_History.pdf">"History of Shimoga District, page 16"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. District Gazette of Shimoga, Gazetteer Department, Government of Karnataka<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Shimoga+District%2C+page+16&rft.pub=District+Gazette+of+Shimoga%2C+Gazetteer+Department%2C+Government+of+Karnataka&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gazetteer.kar.nic.in%2Fgazetteer%2Fpdf%2F1975-26-0%2FShimoga_1975_Chapter2_History.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gold_Coins_of_the_World-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gold_Coins_of_the_World_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedbergFriedberg2009" class="citation book cs1">Friedberg, Arthur L.; Friedberg, Ira S. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TlnoMdZu40UC&q=bednore+nayakas&pg=PA469"><i>Sadashiva Nayaka reign</i></a>. Coin & Currency Institute. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780871843081" title="Special:BookSources/9780871843081"><bdi>9780871843081</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sadashiva+Nayaka+reign&rft.pub=Coin+%26+Currency+Institute&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780871843081&rft.aulast=Friedberg&rft.aufirst=Arthur+L.&rft.au=Friedberg%2C+Ira+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTlnoMdZu40UC%26q%3Dbednore%2Bnayakas%26pg%3DPA469&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Portuguese Studies Review (ISSN 1057-1515) (Baywolf Press) p.34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Portuguese Studies Review (ISSN 1057-1515) (Baywolf Press) p.35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A journey from Madras through the countries of Mysore, Canara, and Malabar Vol 111 – 1807 – Francis Buchanan -from page 254 "<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bK4Ba6824koC&dq=marcupa+chitty&pg=PA128">[1]</a>"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707–1813 by Jaswant Lal Mehta p.458</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShastry2000" class="citation book cs1">Shastry, Bhagamandala Seetharama (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=raLL0A3Pb_0C&q=Nayaka&pg=PP11"><i>Goa-Kanara Portuguese Relations, 1498–1763</i></a>. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company. pp. 112, <span class="nowrap">145–</span>147, <span class="nowrap">180–</span>204. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8170228484" title="Special:BookSources/8170228484"><bdi>8170228484</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Goa-Kanara+Portuguese+Relations%2C+1498%E2%80%931763&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=112%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E145-%3C%2Fspan%3E147%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E180-%3C%2Fspan%3E204&rft.pub=Concept+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=8170228484&rft.aulast=Shastry&rft.aufirst=Bhagamandala+Seetharama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DraLL0A3Pb_0C%26q%3DNayaka%26pg%3DPP11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R84n-Wv1S-8C&q=keladi+nayaka+veerashaiva&pg=PA396"><i>Keladi Nayakas - Shivappa Nayaka and Chennamma, Community Dominance and Political Modernisation: The Lingayats</i></a>. Shankaragouda Hanumanthagouda Patil. 2002. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788170998679" title="Special:BookSources/9788170998679"><bdi>9788170998679</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Keladi+Nayakas+-+Shivappa+Nayaka+and+Chennamma%2C+Community+Dominance+and+Political+Modernisation%3A+The+Lingayats&rft.pub=Shankaragouda+Hanumanthagouda+Patil&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9788170998679&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR84n-Wv1S-8C%26q%3Dkeladi%2Bnayaka%2Bveerashaiva%26pg%3DPA396&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/Though-a-minority-they-make-their-presence-felt/articleshow/17211015.cms">"Though a minority, they make their presence felt"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 14 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Though+a+minority%2C+they+make+their+presence+felt&rft.date=2012-11-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fmangaluru%2FThough-a-minority-they-make-their-presence-felt%2Farticleshow%2F17211015.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150528050216/http://lingayatreligion.com/Lingayat/Murugi_Matha.htm">"Sri Jagadguru Murugharajendra Brihanmath Chitradurga"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lingayatreligion.com/Lingayat/Murugi_Matha.htm">the original</a> on 28 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sri+Jagadguru+Murugharajendra+Brihanmath+Chitradurga&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flingayatreligion.com%2FLingayat%2FMurugi_Matha.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wJwIAAAAQAAJ&q=Sivappa+nayaka+lingayat&pg=PA355">"Mysore and Coorg, a gazetteer - Keladi"</a>. Benjamin Lewis Rice. 1876<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mysore+and+Coorg%2C+a+gazetteer+-+Keladi&rft.pub=Benjamin+Lewis+Rice&rft.date=1876&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwJwIAAAAQAAJ%26q%3DSivappa%2Bnayaka%2Blingayat%26pg%3DPA355&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newskarnataka.com/mangalore/beluvais-historic-lake-is-now-a-beautiful-swimming-pool">"Beluvai's historic lake is now a beautiful swimming pool"</a>. News Karnataka. 25 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Beluvai%27s+historic+lake+is+now+a+beautiful+swimming+pool&rft.pub=News+Karnataka&rft.date=2015-03-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newskarnataka.com%2Fmangalore%2Fbeluvais-historic-lake-is-now-a-beautiful-swimming-pool&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANayakas+of+Keladi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayakas_of_Keladi&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>K.R. Venkataraman. The throne of transcendental wisdom: Śrī Śamkarācārya's Śāradā Pìtha in Śringeri, Page 58.</li> <li>Dr. Suryanath U. Kamath, A Concise history of Karnataka from pre-historic times to the present, Jupiter books, 2001, MCC, Bangalore (Reprinted 2002)</li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Karnataka,_India.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of Karnataka"><img alt="Seal of Karnataka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Flag_of_Karnataka%2C_India.png/25px-Flag_of_Karnataka%2C_India.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Flag_of_Karnataka%2C_India.png/38px-Flag_of_Karnataka%2C_India.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Flag_of_Karnataka%2C_India.png/50px-Flag_of_Karnataka%2C_India.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="454" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capital</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru" title="Bengaluru">Bengaluru</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Karnataka_state_symbols" title="List of Karnataka state symbols">State symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_emblems" title="List of Indian state emblems">Emblem</a>: <a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Karnataka" title="Emblem of Karnataka">Emblem of Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_songs" title="List of Indian state songs">Song</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jaya_Bharata_Jananiya_Tanujate" title="Jaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate">Jaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_animals" title="List of Indian state animals">Animal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Asian_elephant" title="Asian elephant">Asian elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_birds" title="List of Indian state birds">Bird</a>: <a href="/wiki/Indian_roller" title="Indian roller">Indian roller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_flowers" title="List of Indian state flowers">Flower</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nelumbo_nucifera" title="Nelumbo nucifera">Lotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_trees" title="List of Indian state trees">Tree</a>: <a href="/wiki/Santalum_album" title="Santalum album">Sandalwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_symbols" title="List of Indian state symbols">Fruit</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mangifera_indica" title="Mangifera indica">Mango</a></li> <li>Fish: <a href="/wiki/Hypselobarbus_carnaticus" title="Hypselobarbus carnaticus">Carnatic carp</a></li> <li>Insect: <a href="/wiki/Troides_minos" title="Troides minos">Southern birdwing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Karnataka" title="Category:Karnataka">Overviews</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Karnataka" title="Architecture of Karnataka">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_cinema" title="Kannada cinema">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka#Climate" title="Karnataka">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_cuisine" title="Karnataka cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Karnataka" title="Demographics of Karnataka">Demography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Karnataka" title="Economy of Karnataka">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Karnataka" title="Education in Karnataka">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_arts_of_Karnataka" title="Folk arts of Karnataka">Folk arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Karnataka" title="Geography of Karnataka">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Karnataka" title="History of Karnataka">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Karnataka" title="Media in Karnataka">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Kannada people">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Karnataka" title="Sports in Karnataka">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Karnataka" title="Transport in Karnataka">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Karnataka" title="Wildlife of Karnataka">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Karnataka" title="Category:History of Karnataka">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aihole" title="Aihole">Aihole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alupa_dynasty" title="Alupa dynasty">Alupa dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amoghavarsha" title="Amoghavarsha">Amoghavarsha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badami" title="Badami">Badami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banavasi" title="Banavasi">Banavasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balligavi" title="Balligavi">Balligavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belur,_Karnataka" title="Belur, Karnataka">Belur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalukya_dynasty" title="Chalukya dynasty">Chalukya dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayakas_of_Chitradurga" title="Nayakas of Chitradurga">Chitradurga Nayakas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva_Raya_II" title="Deva Raya II">Deva Raya II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durvinita" title="Durvinita">Durvinita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halebidu" title="Halebidu">Halebidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Coorg" title="Kingdom of Coorg">Kingdom of Coorg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halmidi" title="Halmidi">Halmidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampi" title="Hampi">Hampi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoysala_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoysala Empire">Hoysala Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadamba_dynasty" title="Kadamba dynasty">Kadamba dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Chalukya_Empire" title="Western Chalukya Empire">Kalyani Chalukyas</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Keladi Nayakas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivappa_Nayaka" title="Shivappa Nayaka">Shivappa Nayaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kittur_Chennamma" title="Kittur Chennamma">Kittur Chennamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore" title="Kingdom of Mysore">Kingdom of Mysore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayurasharma" title="Mayurasharma">Mayurasharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattadakal" title="Pattadakal">Pattadakal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulakeshin_II" title="Pulakeshin II">Pulakeshin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtrakuta_Empire" title="Rashtrakuta Empire">Rashtrakuta Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sringeri" title="Sringeri">Sringeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srirangapatna" title="Srirangapatna">Srirangapatna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipu_Sultan" title="Tipu Sultan">Tipu Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Karnataka" title="Unification of Karnataka">Unification of Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagara Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara" title="Vijayanagara">Vijayanagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnuvardhana" title="Vishnuvardhana">Vishnuvardhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veera_Ballala_II" title="Veera Ballala II">Veera Ballala II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikramaditya_II" title="Vikramaditya II">Vikramaditya II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikramaditya_VI" title="Vikramaditya VI">Vikramaditya VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Ganga_dynasty" title="Western Ganga dynasty">Western Ganga dynasty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Karnataka" title="List of districts of Karnataka">Districts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Karnataka" title="Administrative divisions of Karnataka">divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_division" title="Bangalore division">Bangalore division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Urban_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangalore Urban district">Bangalore Urban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Rural_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangalore Rural district">Bangalore Rural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitradurga_district" title="Chitradurga district">Chitradurga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davanagere_district" title="Davanagere district">Davanagere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolar_district" title="Kolar district">Kolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimoga_district" title="Shimoga district">Shimoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumakuru_district" title="Tumakuru district">Tumakuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanagara_district" title="Ramanagara district">Ramanagara </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chikkaballapura_district" title="Chikkaballapura district">Chikkaballapura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Belagavi_division" title="Belagavi division">Belagavi division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagalkot_district" title="Bagalkot district">Bagalkot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belagavi_district" title="Belagavi district">Belagavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijapur_district,_Karnataka" title="Bijapur district, Karnataka">Bijapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharwad_district" title="Dharwad district">Dharwad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haveri_district" title="Haveri district">Haveri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadag_district" title="Gadag district">Gadag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttara_Kannada" title="Uttara Kannada">Uttara Kannada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kalaburagi_division" title="Kalaburagi division">Kalaburagi division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballari_district" title="Ballari district">Ballari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidar_district" title="Bidar district">Bidar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaburagi_district" title="Kalaburagi district">Kalaburagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koppal_district" title="Koppal district">Koppal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raichur_district" title="Raichur district">Raichur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_district" title="Vijayanagara district">Vijayanagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yadgir_district" title="Yadgir district">Yadgir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Mysore_division" title="Mysore division">Mysore division</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamarajanagar_district" title="Chamarajanagar district">Chamarajanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chikmagalur_district" title="Chikmagalur district">Chikmagalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakshina_Kannada" title="Dakshina Kannada">Dakshina Kannada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_district" title="Hassan district">Hassan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodagu_district" title="Kodagu district">Kodagu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandya_district" title="Mandya district">Mandya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysore_district" title="Mysore district">Mysore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udupi_district" title="Udupi district">Udupi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Karnataka" title="Geography of Karnataka">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cities_and_towns_in_Karnataka" title="Category:Cities and towns in Karnataka">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Karnataka" title="List of districts of Karnataka">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Karnataka" title="Category:Rivers of Karnataka">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dams_and_reservoirs_in_Karnataka" title="List of dams and reservoirs in Karnataka">Dams and reservoirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_taluks_of_Karnataka" title="List of taluks of Karnataka">Taluks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Villages_in_Karnataka" title="Category:Villages in Karnataka">Villages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullayyana_Giri" title="Mullayyana Giri">Highest point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayalu_Seeme" title="Bayalu Seeme">Bayalu Seeme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malenadu" title="Malenadu">Malenadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanara" title="Kanara">Kanara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Ghats" title="Western Ghats">Western Ghats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Karnataka" title="Category:Culture of Karnataka">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buta_Kola" title="Buta Kola">Buta Kola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidriware" title="Bidriware">Bidriware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channapatna_toys" title="Channapatna toys">Channapatna toys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_Chitrakala_Parishath" title="Karnataka Chitrakala Parishath">Chitrakala Parishat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaarudi_Gombe" title="Gaarudi Gombe">Gaarudi Gombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilkal_sari" title="Ilkal sari">Ilkal sari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamsale" title="Kamsale">Kamsale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannada" title="Kannada">Kannada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnatic_music" title="Carnatic music">Karnatik music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasuti" title="Kasuti">Kasuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khedda" title="Khedda">Khedda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysore_Dasara" title="Mysore Dasara">Mysore Dasara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togalu_gombeyaata" title="Togalu gombeyaata">Togalu gombeyaata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udupi_cuisine" title="Udupi cuisine">Udupi cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veeragase" title="Veeragase">Veeragase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakshagana" title="Yakshagana">Yakshagana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicians_of_the_Kingdom_of_Mysore" title="Musicians of the Kingdom of Mysore">Mysore musicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Literature_of_Karnataka" title="Category:Literature of Karnataka">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_literature" title="Kannada literature">Kannada</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_milestones_in_Kannada_literature" title="List of milestones in Kannada literature">Milestones</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_epics_in_the_Kannada_language" title="List of epics in the Kannada language">Epics</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_Kannada_literature" title="Medieval Kannada literature">Medieval</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Rashtrakuta_literature" title="Rashtrakuta literature">Rashtrakuta</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Western_Ganga_literature" title="Western Ganga literature">Western Ganga</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Western_Chalukya_literature_in_Kannada" title="Western Chalukya literature in Kannada">Western Chalukya</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hoysala_literature" title="Hoysala literature">Hoysala</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_literature_in_Kannada" title="Vijayanagara literature in Kannada">Vijayanagara</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Vachana_sahitya" title="Vachana sahitya">Vachana</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Haridasa" title="Haridasa">Haridasa</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Mysore_literature_in_Kannada" title="Mysore literature in Kannada">Mysore</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Yakshagana_plays_in_the_Kannada_language" title="List of Yakshagana plays in the Kannada language">Play</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Modern_Kannada_literature" title="Modern Kannada literature">Modern</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_Sahitya_Parishat" title="Kannada Sahitya Parishat">Kannada Sahitya Parishat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_Sahitya_Sammelana" title="Kannada Sahitya Sammelana">Kannada Sahitya Sammelana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Karnataka_literature" title="List of Karnataka literature">Karnataka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Kannada_poets" title="Category:Kannada poets">Noted poets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asaga" title="Asaga">Asaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunavarma_I" title="Gunavarma I">Gunavarma I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adikavi_Pampa" title="Adikavi Pampa">Adikavi Pampa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponna_(poet)" title="Ponna (poet)">Sri Ponna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranna_(Kannada_poet)" title="Ranna (Kannada poet)">Ranna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devar_Dasimayya" title="Devar Dasimayya">Devar Dasimayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basava" title="Basava">Basava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akka_Mahadevi" title="Akka Mahadevi">Akka Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allama_Prabhu" title="Allama Prabhu">Allama Prabhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddheshwar" title="Siddheshwar">Siddharama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harihara_(poet)" title="Harihara (poet)">Harihara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghavanka" title="Raghavanka">Raghavanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudrabhatta" title="Rudrabhatta">Rudrabhatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janna" title="Janna">Janna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumara_Vyasa" title="Kumara Vyasa">Kumara Vyasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamarasa" title="Chamarasa">Chamarasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nijaguna_Shivayogi" title="Nijaguna Shivayogi">Nijaguna Shivayogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratnakaravarni" title="Ratnakaravarni">Ratnakaravarni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purandara_Dasa" title="Purandara Dasa">Purandara Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaka_Dasa" title="Kanaka Dasa">Kanaka Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijaya_Dasa" title="Vijaya Dasa">Vijaya Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopala_Dasa" title="Gopala Dasa">Gopala Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannatha_Dasa_(Kannada_poet)" title="Jagannatha Dasa (Kannada poet)">Jagannatha Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmisa" title="Lakshmisa">Lakshmisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvajna" title="Sarvajna">Sarvajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shishunala_Sharif" title="Shishunala Sharif">Shishunala Sharif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaraja_Wadiyar_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishnaraja Wadiyar III">Krishnaraja Wadiyar III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._R._Bendre" title="D. R. Bendre">D. R. Bendre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopalakrishna_Adiga" title="Gopalakrishna Adiga">Gopalakrishna Adiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._Seetharamaiah" title="V. Seetharamaiah">V. Seetharamaiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._S._Narasimhaswamy" title="K. S. Narasimhaswamy">K. S. Narasimhaswamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Govinda_Pai" title="M. Govinda Pai">M. Govinda Pai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuvempu" title="Kuvempu">Kuvempu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._V._Gundappa" title="D. V. Gundappa">D. V. Gundappa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._S._Shivarudrappa" title="G. S. Shivarudrappa">G. S. Shivarudrappa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Karnataka" title="Category:People from Karnataka">People</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Karnataka_society" title="Category:Karnataka society">society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_ethnic_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Karnataka ethnic groups">Karnataka ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Karnataka" title="List of people from Karnataka">List of people from Karnataka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Karnataka" title="Tourism in Karnataka">Tourism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_Karnataka" title="List of beaches in Karnataka">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dams_in_Karnataka" title="Category:Dams in Karnataka">Dams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Forts_in_Karnataka" title="Category:Forts in Karnataka">Forts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_parks_in_Karnataka" title="Category:National parks in Karnataka">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_temples_in_Karnataka" title="Category:Hindu temples in Karnataka">Hindu temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jain_temples_in_Karnataka" title="Category:Jain temples in Karnataka">Jain temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Waterfalls_of_Karnataka" title="Category:Waterfalls of Karnataka">Waterfalls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Civil_awards_and_decorations_of_Karnataka" title="Category:Civil awards and decorations of Karnataka">Awards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_Ratna" title="Karnataka Ratna">Karnataka Ratna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampa_Award" title="Pampa Award">Pampa Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nrupatunga_Award" title="Nrupatunga Award">Nrupatunga Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basava_Puraskara" title="Basava Puraskara">Basava Puraskara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajyotsava_Prashasti" title="Rajyotsava Prashasti">Rajyotsava Prashasti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakanachari_Award" title="Jakanachari Award">Jakanachari Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varnashilpi_Venkatappa_Award" title="Varnashilpi Venkatappa Award">Varnashilpi Venkatappa Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempegowda_Award" title="Kempegowda Award">Kempegowda Award</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Karnataka" title="Media in Karnataka">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kannada_cinema" title="Kannada cinema">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kannada-language_newspapers" title="List of Kannada-language newspapers">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kannada-language_magazines" title="List of Kannada-language magazines">Magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kannada-language_television_channels" title="List of Kannada-language television channels">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kannada-language_radio_stations" title="List of Kannada-language radio stations">Radio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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