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Sègle IX — Wikipèdia

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href="#Cultura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cultura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sciéncias_e_tecnicas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sciéncias_e_tecnicas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sciéncias e tecnicas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sciéncias_e_tecnicas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decès" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decès"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Decès</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decès-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liames_intèrnes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liames_intèrnes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Liames intèrnes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liames_intèrnes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nòtas_e_referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Nòtas e referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sègle IX</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 132 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-132" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">132 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/9de_eeu" title="9de eeu - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="9de eeu" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Jahrhundert" title="9. Jahrhundert - aleman de Soïssa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="9. Jahrhundert" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="aleman de Soïssa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E1%8A%9B%E1%8B%8D_%E1%88%9D%E1%8B%95%E1%89%B0_%E1%8B%93%E1%88%98%E1%89%B5" title="9ኛው ምዕተ ዓመት - amaric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="9ኛው ምዕተ ዓመት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieglo_IX" title="Sieglo IX - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sieglo IX" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_9" title="القرن 9 - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القرن 9" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B9" title="القرن التاسع - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="القرن التاسع" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieglu_IX" title="Sieglu IX - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sieglu IX" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%80%D1%83" title="IX гӀасру - àvar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="IX гӀасру" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="àvar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-eafa_decemda" title="9-eafa decemda - kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="9-eafa decemda" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%C9%99sr" title="IX əsr - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="IX əsr" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B9._%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84" title="۹. یوز ایل - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۹. یوز ایل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ka-9" title="Abad ka-9 - balinés" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Abad ka-9" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_om%C5%BEios" title="IX omžios - samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="IX omžios" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="IX стагоддзе - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="IX стагоддзе" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="IX стагодзьдзе - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="IX стагодзьдзе" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="9 век - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="9 век" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/IXvet_kantved" title="IXvet kantved - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="IXvet kantved" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._vijek" title="9. vijek - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="9. vijek" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segle_IX" title="Segle IX - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Segle IX" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_si%C3%A9-g%C4%AB" title="9 sié-gī - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="9 sié-gī" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%B1%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BE" title="IX бӀешо - chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="IX бӀешо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%AF%DB%95%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%86%DB%8C%DB%95%D9%85" title="سەدەی نۆیەم - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سەدەی نۆیەم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._stolet%C3%AD" title="9. století - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="9. století" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%C4%95%D0%BC%C4%95%D1%80" title="IX ĕмĕр - chovash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="IX ĕмĕр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chovash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/9fed_ganrif" title="9fed ganrif - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="9fed ganrif" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%C3%A5rhundrede" title="9. århundrede - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="9. århundrede" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Jahrhundert" title="9. Jahrhundert - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="9. Jahrhundert" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seserra_9ine" title="Seserra 9ine - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Seserra 9ine" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82" title="9ος αιώνας - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="9ος αιώνας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_s%C3%A9col" title="IX sécol - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="IX sécol" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9th_century" title="9th century - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="9th century" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-a_jarcento" title="9-a jarcento - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="9-a jarcento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siglo_IX" title="Siglo IX - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Siglo IX" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._sajand" title="9. sajand - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="9. sajand" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX._mendea" title="IX. mendea - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="IX. mendea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigru_IX" title="Sigru IX - extremeny" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sigru IX" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremeny" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AF%D9%87_%DB%B9_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="سده ۹ (میلادی) - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سده ۹ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/800-luku" title="800-luku - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="800-luku" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._aastagasada" title="9. aastagasada - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="9. aastagasada" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%C3%B8ld" title="9. øld - feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="9. øld" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IXe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IXe siècle - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="IXe siècle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._juarhunert" title="9. juarhunert - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="9. juarhunert" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/9e_iuw" title="9e iuw - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="9e iuw" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%C3%BA_haois" title="9ú haois - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="9ú haois" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="9世紀 - xinès gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="9世紀" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="xinès gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/9mh_Linn" title="9mh Linn - gaelic escossés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="9mh Linn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelic escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_IX" title="Século IX - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Século IX" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/9oo_eash" title="9oo eash - manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="9oo eash" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%94-9" title="המאה ה-9 - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המאה ה-9" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="९वीं शताब्दी - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="९वीं शताब्दी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._stolje%C4%87e" title="9. stoljeće - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="9. stoljeće" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._sz%C3%A1zad" title="9. század - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="9. század" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-%D6%80%D5%A4_%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80" title="9-րդ դար - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="9-րդ դար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seculo_9" title="Seculo 9 - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Seculo 9" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ke-9" title="Abad ke-9 - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Abad ke-9" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/9ma_yarcento" title="9ma yarcento - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="9ma yarcento" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%C3%B6ldin" title="9. öldin - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="9. öldin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_secolo" title="IX secolo - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="IX secolo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="9世紀 - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="9世紀" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ping_9" title="Abad ping 9 - javanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Abad ping 9" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="IX საუკუნე - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="IX საუკუნე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="IX ғасыр - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="IX ғасыр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="9세기 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="9세기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedsala_9an" title="Sedsala 9an - curd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sedsala 9an" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/9ves_kansbledhen" title="9ves kansbledhen - cornic" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="9ves kansbledhen" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saeculum_9" title="Saeculum 9 - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Saeculum 9" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Joerhonnert" title="9. Joerhonnert - luxemborgés" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="9. Joerhonnert" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemborgés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%88_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="IX виш йис - lesguià" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="IX виш йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesguià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentenio_9" title="Sentenio 9 - lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sentenio 9" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negende_iew" title="Negende iew - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Negende iew" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_secolo" title="IX secolo - lígur" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="IX secolo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="lígur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9cul_IX" title="Sécul IX - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sécul IX" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_am%C5%BEius" title="IX amžius - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="IX amžius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._gadsimts" title="9. gadsimts - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="9. gadsimts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_kaping-9" title="Abad kaping-9 - Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Abad kaping-9" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="IX курым - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="IX курым" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rautau_9" title="Rautau 9 - maòri" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Rautau 9" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maòri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="9 век - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="9 век" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8.%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A5%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95" title="इ.स.चे ९ वे शतक - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स.चे ९ वे शतक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ke-9" title="Abad ke-9 - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Abad ke-9" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%89_%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%BE%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="၉ ရာစုနှစ် - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၉ ရာစုနှစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="IX пинге - mordovià erza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="IX пинге" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="mordovià erza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macuilpohualxihuitl_IX" title="Macuilpohualxihuitl IX - Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Macuilpohualxihuitl IX" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_seculo" title="IX seculo - napolità" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="IX seculo" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Johrhunnert" title="9. Johrhunnert - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="9. Johrhunnert" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9e_eeuw" title="9e eeuw - baix saxó" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="9e eeuw" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baix saxó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9e_eeuw" title="9e eeuw - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="9e eeuw" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/800-talet" title="800-talet - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="800-talet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%C3%A5rhundre" title="9. århundre - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="9. århundre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/IXe_s." title="IXe s. - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="IXe s." data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngwagakgolo_9" title="Ngwagakgolo 9 - sotho septentrional" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Ngwagakgolo 9" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotho septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_wiek" title="IX wiek - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="IX wiek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9col_ch%27a_fa_IX_dGC" title="Sécol ch&#039;a fa IX dGC - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Sécol ch&#039;a fa IX dGC" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%BA_%D8%B5%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="نويں صدی - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نويں صدی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_IX" title="Século IX - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Século IX" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%C3%B1iqin_pachakwata" title="9 ñiqin pachakwata - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="9 ñiqin pachakwata" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secolul_al_IX-lea" title="Secolul al IX-lea - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Secolul al IX-lea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="IX век - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="IX век" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX._%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B0" title="IX. стороча - ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="IX. стороча" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%8D" title="IX үйэ - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="IX үйэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8culu_IX" title="Sèculu IX - sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sèculu IX" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._vijek" title="9. vijek - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="9. vijek" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%82%81%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87_9" title="ပီႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 9 - xan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ပီႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 9" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="xan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/9th_century" title="9th century - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="9th century" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._storo%C4%8Die" title="9. storočie - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="9. storočie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._stoletje" title="9. stoletje - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="9. stoletje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekulli_IX" title="Shekulli IX - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shekulli IX" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="9. век - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="9. век" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Jierhunnert" title="9. Jierhunnert - saterlandais" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="9. Jierhunnert" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ka-9" title="Abad ka-9 - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Abad ka-9" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/800-talet" title="800-talet - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="800-talet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karne_ya_9" title="Karne ya 9 - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Karne ya 9" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="9-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="9-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8_IX" title="Садаи IX - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Садаи IX" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_9" title="คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 9 - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 9" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-njy_asyr" title="9-njy asyr - turcmèn" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="9-njy asyr" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcmèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-9_na_dantaon" title="Ika-9 na dantaon - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ika-9 na dantaon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._y%C3%BCzy%C4%B1l" title="9. yüzyıl - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="9. yüzyıl" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="IX гасыр - tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="IX гасыр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8F" title="IX століття - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="IX століття" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%BA_%D8%B5%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="نویں صدی - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نویں صدی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_asr" title="IX asr - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="IX asr" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_secolo" title="IX secolo - vènet" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="IX secolo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vènet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7_9" title="Thế kỷ 9 - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thế kỷ 9" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/9inme_sieke" title="9inme sieke - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="9inme sieke" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-9_nga_gatostuig" title="Ika-9 nga gatostuig - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ika-9 nga gatostuig" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="9世纪 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="9世纪" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="IX ოშწანურა - mingrelià" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="IX ოშწანურა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%99%22%D7%94" title="9טער י&quot;ה - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="9טער י&quot;ה" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="9世纪 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="9世纪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_s%C3%A8-k%C3%AD" title="9 sè-kí - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="9 sè-kí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="9世紀 - 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title="859">859</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <center> <p><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_VI" title="Sègle VI">../..</a> | <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_VII" title="Sègle VII">sègle VII</a> | <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_VIII" title="Sègle VIII">sègle VIII</a> | <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">sègle IX</a></b> | <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_X" title="Sègle X">sègle X</a> | <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_XI" title="Sègle XI">sègle XI</a> | <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_XII" title="Sègle XII">../..</a> </p> </center> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istòria"><span id="Ist.C3.B2ria"></span>Istòria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Istòria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Istòria"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Magr%C3%A8b_(s%C3%A8gle_IX).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Magr%C3%A8b_%28s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png/220px-Magr%C3%A8b_%28s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Magr%C3%A8b_%28s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png/330px-Magr%C3%A8b_%28s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Magr%C3%A8b_%28s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png/440px-Magr%C3%A8b_%28s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png 2x" data-file-width="919" data-file-height="414" /></a><figcaption>Situacion politica en <a href="/wiki/Magr%C3%A8b" title="Magrèb">Magrèb</a> au començament dau sègle IX.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>802-810</b>&#160;: tiera de revòutas dins lei domenis d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibrahim_ibn_al-Aghlab&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab (la pagina existís pas)">Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab</a>. Aquò li permetèt pauc a pauc d'estabilizar son poder en <a href="/wiki/Magr%C3%A8b" title="Magrèb">Magrèb</a> Orientau. <br /> <b>801-802</b>&#160;: revirada d'un projècte de maridatge entre <a href="/wiki/Carlesmanhe" title="Carlesmanhe">Carlesmanhe</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ir%C3%A8na_l%27Atenenca&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Irèna l&#39;Atenenca (la pagina existís pas)">Irèna l'Atenenca</a>. L'idèa èra de restaurar l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">Empèri Roman</a>. Pasmens, lo projècte suscitèt d'oposicions vivas e, dins l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Empèri Bizantin</a>, entraïnèt lo reversament de l'emperatritz que foguèt remplaçada per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nic%C3%A8for_I%C3%A8r&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicèfor Ièr (la pagina existís pas)">Nicèfor I<sup>èr</sup></a>. <br /> <b>802-805</b>&#160;: revòuta deis <a href="/wiki/Avars" class="mw-redirect" title="Avars">Avars</a> còntra lei Francs. Durament reprimida, entraïnèt la somission de la màger part deis Avars que foguèron rapidament assimilats per lei venceires (→ <a href="/wiki/811" class="mw-redirect" title="811">811</a>). <br /> <b>803</b>&#160;: revirada d'una revòuta militara dins l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Empèri Bizantin</a>. <br /> <b>805-806</b>&#160;: gràcias au declin dau <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Califat Abbassida</a>, reconquista de la vila de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarsa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tarsa (la pagina existís pas)">Tarsa</a> per lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Bizantins</a>. Après la revirada d'una còntra-ataca araba, lei dos camps negocièron una trèva que durèt un vintenau d'ans (→ <a href="/wiki/830" class="mw-redirect" title="830">830</a>). <br /> <b>806</b>&#160;: isolada dins lo nòrd d'<a href="/wiki/It%C3%A0lia" title="Itàlia">Itàlia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ven%C3%A8cia" title="Venècia">Venècia</a>, darriera posicion bizantina dins la region, deguèt acceptar la senhoriá de <a href="/wiki/Carlesmanhe" title="Carlesmanhe">Carlesmanhe</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/809" class="mw-redirect" title="809">809</a>). <br /> <b>809</b>&#160;: revirada d'una temptativa de reconquista bizantina de <a href="/wiki/Ven%C3%A8cia" title="Venècia">Venècia</a>. <br /> <b>809</b>&#160;: mòrt dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harun_ar-Rachid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Harun ar-Rachid (la pagina existís pas)">Harun ar-Rachid</a>. Foguèt remplaçat per son fiu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Amin_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Amin (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Amin</a> e son autre fiu, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mamun_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mamun (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mamun</a>, recebèt lei províncias orientalas dau Califat amb una autonòmia importanta (→ <a href="/wiki/810" class="mw-redirect" title="810">810</a>). <br /> <b>810-813</b>&#160;: dins lo <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Califat Abbassida</a>, guèrra civila entre lo <a href="/wiki/Califa" title="Califa">califa</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Amin_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Amin (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Amin</a> e son fraire <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mamun_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mamun (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mamun</a>. S'acabèt per la victòria dau segond que venguèt califa après la conquista de <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a>. <br /> <b>810</b>&#160;: illustracion dau declin de la ciutat <a href="/wiki/Civilizacion_maia" title="Civilizacion maia">maia</a> de <a href="/wiki/Calakmul" title="Calakmul">Calakmul</a>, ges de nom de sobeiran figura sus lei tres monuments inaugurats dins lo corrent de l'annada. <br /> <b>810-816</b>&#160;: guèrra entre <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Bizantins</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khanat_Bulgar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Khanat Bulgar (la pagina existís pas)">Bulgars</a>. Après de succès iniciaus importants, l'emperaire <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nic%C3%A8for_I%C3%A8r&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicèfor Ièr (la pagina existís pas)">Nicèfor I<sup>èr</sup></a> foguèt batut e tuat permetent ai Bulgars de pilhar <a href="/wiki/Andrin%C3%B2ple" title="Andrinòple">Andrinòple</a> e d'assetjar sensa succès <a href="/wiki/Constantin%C3%B2ble" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantinòble">Constantinòble</a>. Una trèva de 20 ans foguèt finalament signada en <a href="/wiki/816" class="mw-redirect" title="816">816</a>. <br /> <b>811</b>&#160;: en <a href="/wiki/Pan%C3%B2nia" title="Panònia">Panònia</a>, destruccion definitiva dei darrierei pòchis de resisténcia avaras. <br /> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Extension_de_l%27Emp%C3%A8ri_Franc_durant_lo_r%C3%A8ine_de_Carlesmanhe.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Extension_de_l%27Emp%C3%A8ri_Franc_durant_lo_r%C3%A8ine_de_Carlesmanhe.png/220px-Extension_de_l%27Emp%C3%A8ri_Franc_durant_lo_r%C3%A8ine_de_Carlesmanhe.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Extension_de_l%27Emp%C3%A8ri_Franc_durant_lo_r%C3%A8ine_de_Carlesmanhe.png/330px-Extension_de_l%27Emp%C3%A8ri_Franc_durant_lo_r%C3%A8ine_de_Carlesmanhe.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Extension_de_l%27Emp%C3%A8ri_Franc_durant_lo_r%C3%A8ine_de_Carlesmanhe.png/440px-Extension_de_l%27Emp%C3%A8ri_Franc_durant_lo_r%C3%A8ine_de_Carlesmanhe.png 2x" data-file-width="689" data-file-height="595" /></a><figcaption>Expansion de l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian" title="Empèri Carolingian">Empèri Carolingian</a> dins lo corrent dau rèine de <a href="/wiki/Carlesmanhe" title="Carlesmanhe">Carlesmanhe</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>814</b>&#160;: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B2rt" title="Mòrt">mòrt</a> de l'emperaire <a href="/wiki/Carlesmanhe" title="Carlesmanhe">Carlesmanhe</a> que foguèt remplaçat per son fiu <a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%ADs_lo_Pi%C3%B3s" class="mw-redirect" title="Loís lo Piós">Loís lo Piós</a>. <br /> <b>815</b>&#160;: dins l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Empèri Bizantin</a>, restauracion de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iconoclasme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Iconoclasme (la pagina existís pas)">iconoclasme</a> per l'emperaire <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leon_V_(emperaire_bizantin)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Leon V (emperaire bizantin) (la pagina existís pas)">Leon V</a>. <br /> <b>816-829</b>&#160;: dins lo <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Califat Abbassida</a>, insureccion majora en <a href="/wiki/Azerbaitjan" title="Azerbaitjan">Azerbaitjan</a>. Après plusors desfachas, leis armadas arabas abandonèron la region en <a href="/wiki/829" class="mw-redirect" title="829">829</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/835" class="mw-redirect" title="835">835</a>). <br /> <b>817-819</b>&#160;: guèrra civila dins lo <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Califat Abbassida</a> après una temptativa d'usurpacion menada per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibrahim_ben_al-Mahdi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibrahim ben al-Mahdi (la pagina existís pas)">Ibrahim ben al-Mahdi</a>. Lo califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mamun_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mamun (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mamun</a> foguèt obligat d'acceptar de reduccions d'impòsts importantas per gardar lo sostèn de la populacion. <br /> <b>820</b>&#160;: assassinat de l'emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantin</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leon_V_(emperaire_bizantin)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Leon V (emperaire bizantin) (la pagina existís pas)">Leon V</a> que foguèt remplaçat per <a href="/wiki/Miqu%C3%A8u_II_Psellos" class="mw-redirect" title="Miquèu II Psellos">Miquèu II Psellos</a>. <br /> <b>821-822</b>&#160;: per assaiar de mantenir son autoritat dins lei províncias pus orientalas dau Califat, leis Abbassidas i nomèron <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahir_ibn_Husayn&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tahir ibn Husayn (la pagina existís pas)">Tahir ibn Husayn</a> coma governador. I venguèt rapidament quasi independent e foguèt assassinat tre <a href="/wiki/822" class="mw-redirect" title="822">822</a>. Pasmens, en causa de son afebliment, lo califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mamun_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mamun (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mamun</a> foguèt obligat de nomar son fiu coma successor. Aquò entraïnèt la formacion de la dinastia dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tahiridas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tahiridas (la pagina existís pas)">Tahiridas</a> que venguèt <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> independenta. <br /> <b>821-824</b>&#160;: per de rasons desconegudas, lo generau <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantin</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%B2mas_l%27Eslau&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tòmas l&#39;Eslau (la pagina existís pas)">Tòmas l'Eslau</a> assaièt sensa succès de reversar l'emperaire <a href="/wiki/Miqu%C3%A8u_II_Psellos" class="mw-redirect" title="Miquèu II Psellos">Miquèu II Psellos</a>. Pasmens, gràcias au sostèn deis abitants de <a href="/wiki/Constantin%C3%B2ble" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantinòble">Constantinòble</a> e una aliança amb lei <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgars</a>, l'emperaire capitèt de gardar lo poder. <br /> <b>823-824</b>&#160;: conquista de <a href="/wiki/Creta" title="Creta">Creta</a> per leis Arabes. <br /> <b>825</b>&#160;: dins leis <a href="/wiki/Illas_Britanicas" title="Illas Britanicas">Illas Britanicas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_d%27Ellandun&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha d&#39;Ellandun (la pagina existís pas)">batalha d'Ellandun</a> entre <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wessex&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wessex (la pagina existís pas)">Wessex</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mercia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mercia (la pagina existís pas)">Mercia</a>. S'acabèt amb una victòria d'<a href="/wiki/Egbert_de_Wessex" title="Egbert de Wessex">Egbert de Wessex</a> que restaurèt l'independéncia de son reiaume. <br /> <b>827</b>&#160;: revirada d'una ataca araba còntra <a href="/wiki/Sic%C3%ADlia" title="Sicília">Sicília</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/830" class="mw-redirect" title="830">830</a>). <br /> </p> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutazilisme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutazilisme (la pagina existís pas)">Mutazilisme</a>.</div> <p><b>827</b>&#160;: adopcion de l'<a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutazilisme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutazilisme (la pagina existís pas)">mutazilita</a> per lo califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mamun_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mamun (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mamun</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/828" class="mw-redirect" title="828">828</a>). <br /> <b>827-831</b>&#160;: conquista de la màger part de <a href="/wiki/Sic%C3%ADlia" title="Sicília">Sicília</a> per leis Arabes. <br /> <b>828</b>&#160;: creacion d'un tribunau cargat de jutjar leis afaires <a href="/wiki/Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion">religiós</a> per lo califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mamun_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mamun (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mamun</a>. Se turtèt a l'ostilitat deis olemas (→ <a href="/wiki/833" class="mw-redirect" title="833">833</a>). <br /> <b>830</b>&#160;: dins lei ciutats-estats <a href="/wiki/Civilizacion_maia" title="Civilizacion maia">maias</a> de <a href="/wiki/Tikal" title="Tikal">Tikal</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Calakmul" title="Calakmul">Calakmul</a>, abséncia de celebracions per lo 10<sup>en</sup> bak'tun. Aquò illustra la crisi prefonda de la civilizacion maia durant aqueu periòde amb un afondrament demografic e l'abandon totau de plusors vilas importantas. <br /> <b>830-834</b>&#160;: represa de la guèrra entre <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Bizantins</a> e <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Abbassidas</a>. Venceires, leis Arabes obtenguèron lo pagament d'un <a href="/wiki/Tribut" title="Tribut">tribut</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/837" class="mw-redirect" title="837">837</a>). <br /> <b>833</b>&#160;: decision dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mamun_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mamun (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mamun</a> d'impausar lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutazilisme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutazilisme (la pagina existís pas)">mutazilisme</a> a l'ensemble dau mond <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">musulman</a>. Son tribunau religiós menèt la repression còntra seis adversaris mai la màger part deis olemas dau Califat èran ostils a son projècte. <br /> <b>833</b>&#160;: mòrt dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mamun_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mamun (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mamun</a> que foguèt remplaçat per son fraire <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutasim_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutasim (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutasim</a>. <br /> <b>833</b>&#160;: aprofichant lei dificultats deis <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Abbassidas</a>, lo rèi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zacharias_III_de_Makuria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Zacharias III de Makuria (la pagina existís pas)">Zacharias III</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makuria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Makuria (la pagina existís pas)">Makuria</a> impausèt divèrsei modificacions a son avantatge dau tractat liant son reiaume au mond <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">musulman</a>. <br /> <b>834</b>&#160;: revirada d'una revòuta en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khorasan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Khorasan (la pagina existís pas)">Khorasan</a>. <br /> <b>835-838</b>&#160;: après una campanha prudenta permetent de restaurar lei <a href="/wiki/Fortificacion" title="Fortificacion">fortificacions</a> de la region, repression de la revòuta en <a href="/wiki/Azerbaitjan" title="Azerbaitjan">Azerbaitjan</a>. <br /> <b>836</b>&#160;: invasion de <a href="/wiki/Danemarc" title="Danemarc">Danés</a> dins lo sud de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wessex&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wessex (la pagina existís pas)">Wessex</a>. Bateguèron lei tropas dau rèi <a href="/wiki/Egbert_de_Wessex" title="Egbert de Wessex">Egbert de Wessex</a> a la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_Carhampton&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de Carhampton (la pagina existís pas)">batalha de Carhampton</a>. <br /> <b>836</b>&#160;: revòuta dei populacions arabas e iranianas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Badgad&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Badgad (la pagina existís pas)">Badgad</a> còntra leis esclaus turcs de l'administracion dau califa. Fòrça eficaç, èran a ocupar pauc a pauc la màger part dei pòstes importants. Per amaisar la situacion, lo califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutasim_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutasim (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutasim</a> decidèt de transferir lei Turcs dins una capitala novèla a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samarra&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Samarra (la pagina existís pas)">Samarra</a>. <br /> <b>837-841</b>&#160;: rompedura de la trèva de <a href="/wiki/834" class="mw-redirect" title="834">834</a> entre <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Bizantins</a> e <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Abbassidas</a>. Lei Bizantins perdiguèron mai d'una batalha mai capitèron d'afeblir son adversari gràcias a d'intrigas (→ <a href="/wiki/842" class="mw-redirect" title="842">842</a>). <br /> <b>840</b>&#160;: mòrt de l'emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian" title="Empèri Carolingian">carolingian</a> <a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%ADs_lo_Pi%C3%B3s" class="mw-redirect" title="Loís lo Piós">Loís lo Piós</a> e combats entre sei fius per sa succession (→ <a href="/wiki/843" class="mw-redirect" title="843">843</a>). <br /> <b>842</b>&#160;: mòrt de l'emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantin</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teofil_(emperaire_bizantin)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Teofil (emperaire bizantin) (la pagina existís pas)">Teofil</a> e dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutasim&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutasim (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutasim</a>. Aquò permetèt de redurre l'intensitat dau conflicte entre lei dos estats. Lo premier foguèt remplaçat per son fiu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miqu%C3%A8u_III_(emperaire_bizantin)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Miquèu III (emperaire bizantin) (la pagina existís pas)">Miquèu III</a> (plaçat sota una regéncia dominada per sa maire) e lo segond per son fiu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Watiq_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Watiq (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Watiq</a>. <br /> <b>843</b>&#160;: scission de l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian" title="Empèri Carolingian">Empèri Carolingian</a> après la signatura dau <a href="/wiki/Tractat_de_Verdun" title="Tractat de Verdun">Tractat de Verdun</a> que reglèt lo partiment de l'Empèri de <a href="/wiki/Carlesmanhe" title="Carlesmanhe">Carlesmanhe</a> entre lei tres fius de <a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%ADs_lo_Pi%C3%B3s" class="mw-redirect" title="Loís lo Piós">Loís lo Piós</a>. Aquò marquèt sa disparicion au profiech de tres estats novèus&#160;: la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francia_Occidentala&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Francia Occidentala (la pagina existís pas)">Francia Occidentala</a>, dirigida per <a href="/wiki/Carles_lo_Calvet" title="Carles lo Calvet">Carles lo Calvet</a>, qu'es a l'origina de <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a>, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francia_Mediana&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Francia Mediana (la pagina existís pas)">Francia Mediana</a>, dirigida per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotari&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lotari (la pagina existís pas)">Lotari</a>, e la <a href="/wiki/Francia_Orientala" title="Francia Orientala">Francia Orientala</a>, dirigida per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lo%C3%ADs_lo_Germanic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Loís lo Germanic (la pagina existís pas)">Loís lo Germanic</a>, qu'es l'ancessor dau <a href="/wiki/Sant_Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman_Germanic" title="Sant Empèri Roman Germanic">Sant Empèri Roman Germanic</a>. <br /> <b>843</b>&#160;: pilhatge de <a href="/wiki/Nantas" title="Nantas">Nantas</a> per lei <a href="/wiki/Vikings" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikings">Vikings</a>. <br /> <b>843</b>&#160;: premiera unificacion d'<a href="/wiki/Esc%C3%B2cia" title="Escòcia">Escòcia</a> per lo rèi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_MacAlpin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth MacAlpin (la pagina existís pas)">Kenneth MacAlpin</a>. <br /> <b>843-845</b>&#160;: purgas importantas au sen de la cort dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Watiq_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Watiq (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Watiq</a>. Dirigidas còntra lei foncionaris tròp poderós, permetèron au poder de recuperar de fons importants. <br /> <b>845</b>&#160;: conclusion d'una trèva novèla entre <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Bizantins</a> e <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Abbassidas</a>. Aquò empediguèt pas l'organizacion d'incursions per d'emirs locaus quasi independents mai aqueleis atacas menaçavan gaire lei defensas <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantinas</a>. <br /> <b>843-846</b>&#160;: après divèrseis incursions menadas per lei Bretons còntra sei províncias occidentalas, lo rèi <a href="/wiki/Carles_lo_Calvet" title="Carles lo Calvet">Carles lo Calvet</a> organizèt una gròssa expedicion còntra <a href="/wiki/Bretanha" class="mw-disambig" title="Bretanha">Bretanha</a>. Lo rèi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nominoe&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nominoe (la pagina existís pas)">Nominoe</a> foguèt obligat d'acceptar la senhoriá personala dau rèi franc. <br /> <b>844-847</b>&#160;: operacions militaras abbassindas dins la <a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Ar%C3%A0bia" class="mw-redirect" title="Peninsula Aràbia">Peninsula Aràbia</a> per i restablir l'autoritat dau califa e arrestar leis incursions còntra <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>. <br /> <b>847</b>&#160;: mòrt dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Watik_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Watik (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Watik</a>. Son fraire <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutawakki_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutawakki (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutawakki</a> li succediguèt e ordonèt a son torn de purgas còntra lei foncionaris que li èran ostils (→ <a href="/wiki/848" class="mw-redirect" title="848">848</a>). <br /> <b>848</b>&#160;: abandon dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutazilisme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutazilisme (la pagina existís pas)">mutazilisme</a> coma doctrina oficiala per lo califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutawakki_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutawakki (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutawakki</a>. Pasmens, deguèt desenant tenir còmpte deis interès deis olemas e dau <a href="/wiki/Clergat" title="Clergat">clergat</a> qu'avián format de grops poderós durant lei rèines precedents. <br /> <b>v. 849</b>&#160;: fondacion dau <a href="/wiki/Reiaume_de_Pagan" title="Reiaume de Pagan">Reiaume de Pagan</a>. <br /> <b>849-851</b>&#160;: represa de la guèrra entre la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francia_Occidentala&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Francia Occidentala (la pagina existís pas)">Francia Occidentala</a> e <a href="/wiki/Bretanha" class="mw-disambig" title="Bretanha">Bretanha</a>. S'acabèt per una victòria dei Bretons que recebèron lei comtats de Nantas, de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rennas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rennas (la pagina existís pas)">Rennas</a> e lo País de Retz. Aquò fixèt lei limits de la <a href="/wiki/Bretanha" class="mw-disambig" title="Bretanha">Bretanha</a> istorica (→ <a href="/wiki/863" class="mw-redirect" title="863">863</a>). <br /> <b>850</b>&#160;: adopcion d'una <a href="/wiki/Lei" title="Lei">lèi</a> novèla dins lo <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Califat Abbassida</a> a prepaus de l'estatut dei <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhimmi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhimmi (la pagina existís pas)">dhimmis</a></i>. Relativament repressiva, introduguèt l'adopcion de signes vestimentaris per leis identificar, la destruccion de luòcs de culte bastits dempuei la conquista musulmana ò de limitacions regardant lo drech de trabalhar dins l'administracion. Entraïnèt de tensions entre lo poder e lei populacions <a href="/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme">crestianas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Judaïsme">judievas</a> e <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrisme" title="Zoroastrisme">zoroastrianas</a>. <br /> <b>850-855</b>&#160;: dins lo <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Califat Abbassida</a>, importanta revòuta en <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> que foguèt reprimida d'un biais saunós. <br /> <b>853</b>&#160;: revirada d'una <a href="/wiki/Incursion" class="mw-redirect" title="Incursion">incursion</a> navala bizantina còntra <a href="/wiki/Creta" title="Creta">Creta</a>. En revènge, una autra ataca permetèt de pilhar lo pòrt <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">egipcian</a> de <a href="/wiki/Damieta" title="Damieta">Damieta</a>. <br /> <b>854-855</b>&#160;: insureccions recurrentas de la vila de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Homs (la pagina existís pas)">Homs</a> en causa deis abús dei caps de l'administracion abbassida locala. <br /> <b>855-856</b>&#160;: reconquista d'una partida de <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A0cia" title="Tràcia">Tràcia</a> per lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Bizantins</a>. <br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Occitania_(with_star).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="531" /></a></span> <b>856</b>&#160;: après una revòuta, somission – fòrça teorica – de l'aristocracia d'<a href="/wiki/Aquit%C3%A0nia" class="mw-disambig" title="Aquitània">Aquitània</a> a <a href="/wiki/Carles_lo_Calvet" title="Carles lo Calvet">Carles lo Calvet</a>. <br /> <b>856</b>&#160;: incursion vikinga còntra <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" class="mw-redirect" title="París">París</a> que foguèt pilhada e cremada (→ <a href="/wiki/861" class="mw-redirect" title="861">861</a>). <br /> <b>857</b>&#160;: incursion <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantina</a> còntra l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Emirat_de_Melit%C3%A8n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Emirat de Melitèn (la pagina existís pas)">Emirat de Melitèn</a>, un vassau teoric dau <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Califat Abbassida</a>, que menava d'operacions regularas de pilhatge dins la region (→ <a href="/wiki/863" class="mw-redirect" title="863">863</a>). <br /> <b>858</b>&#160;: sostengut per una partida de la noblesa de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francia_Occidentala&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Francia Occidentala (la pagina existís pas)">Francia Occidentala</a>, lo rèi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lo%C3%ADs_II_de_Germania&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Loís II de Germania (la pagina existís pas)">Loís II de Germania</a> assaièt d'usurpar la corona de <a href="/wiki/Carles_lo_Calvet" title="Carles lo Calvet">Carles lo Calvet</a>. Pasmens, aqueu darrier reüniguèt una importanta armada e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lo%C3%ADs_II_de_Germania&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Loís II de Germania (la pagina existís pas)">Loís II</a> acceptèt de negociar sa retirada. <br /> <b>859-860</b>&#160;: incursion bizantina còntra lei principats arabes d'<a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a>. Aquò entraïnèt una importanta repòsta. <br /> <b>860</b>&#160;: incursion suspresa dei Rus' de Kiev que pilhèron la region de <a href="/wiki/Constantin%C3%B2ble" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantinòble">Constantinòble</a>. <br /> <b>861</b>&#160;: abatatge dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cipr%C3%A8s_de_Keshmar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciprès de Keshmar (la pagina existís pas)">Ciprès de Keshmar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aubre" class="mw-redirect" title="Aubre">aubre</a> sacrat per lei <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrisme" title="Zoroastrisme">Zoroastrians</a>, maugrat una demanda dei populacions <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">iranianas</a> d'esparnhar l'aubre en cambi dau pagament d'un tribut important. <br /> </p> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarquia_de_Samarra&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anarquia de Samarra (la pagina existís pas)">Anarquia de Samarra</a>.</div> <p><b>861</b>&#160;: assassinat dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutawakki_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutawakki (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutawakki</a> per un soudat turc de sa garda personala. Son fiu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muntasir&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muntasir (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muntasir</a>, que li succediguèt, es probablament a l'origina d'aqueu complòt qu'afebliguèt grèvament leis <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Abbassidas</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/862" class="mw-redirect" title="862">862</a>). D'efiech, lei soudats turcs ocupèron desenant la màger part dei pòstes importants en despiech de l'oposicion deis autrei pòbles dau Califat. De revòutas aguèron luòc dins mai d'una vila entraïnant un periòde d'anarquia que durèt fins a <a href="/wiki/870" class="mw-redirect" title="870">870</a>. <br /> <b>862</b>&#160;: mòrt dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muntasir&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muntasir (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muntasir</a>. Sei soudats turcs chausiguèron <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mustain_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mustain (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mustain</a> per lo remplaçar. Aquò entraïnèt una revòuta de <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> que foguèt reprimida (→ <a href="/wiki/863" class="mw-redirect" title="863">863</a>). <br /> <b>863</b>&#160;: evangelizacion dei <a href="/wiki/Cazars" title="Cazars">Cazars</a> per lei prèires de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ciril_e_Met%C3%B2de&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ciril e Metòde (la pagina existís pas)">Ciril e Metòde</a>. <br /> <b>863-864</b>&#160;: en <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a> Orientala, importanta desfacha deis armadas de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Emirat_de_Melit%C3%A8n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Emirat de Melitèn (la pagina existís pas)">Emirat de Melitèn</a> que perdiguèron de miliers d'òmes a la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_de_Poson&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha de Poson (la pagina existís pas)">batalha de Poson</a>. Aqueu combat marquèt lo començament d'un periòde de reconquista bizantina en Orient. La novèla entraïnèt una insureccion novèla de <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> ont una guèrra santa foguèt declarada còntra lei Turcs. Lo movement foguèt pasmens vencut en <a href="/wiki/864" class="mw-redirect" title="864">864</a>. <br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Occitania_(with_star).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="531" /></a></span> <b>864</b>&#160;: revòuta d'<a href="/wiki/Aquit%C3%A0nia" class="mw-disambig" title="Aquitània">Aquitània</a> menada per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pepin_II_d%27Aquit%C3%A0nia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pepin II d&#39;Aquitània (la pagina existís pas)">Pepin II d'Aquitània</a> que se proclamèt rèi. Pasmens, foguèt batut e capturat permetent a la restauracion dau poder de <a href="/wiki/Carles_lo_Calvet" title="Carles lo Calvet">Carles lo Calvet</a> dins la region. <br /> <b>864</b>&#160;: creacion de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moneda_de_Par%C3%ADs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moneda de París (la pagina existís pas)">Moneda de París</a> per lo rèi <a href="/wiki/Carles_lo_Calvet" title="Carles lo Calvet">Carles lo Calvet</a>. Aquela institucion existís totjorn au sègle XXI. <br /> <b>864</b>&#160;: importanta ofensiva <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantina</a> còntra lei <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgars</a>. En cambi de la restitucion dei territòris perduts, lo khan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_I%C3%A8r_de_Bulgaria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Boris Ièr de Bulgaria (la pagina existís pas)">Boris I<sup>èr</sup></a> acceptèt de se convertir au <a href="/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme">cristianisme</a> de rite bizantin. <br /> <b>864</b>&#160;: aprofichant lei dificultats deis <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Abbassidas</a>, lei princes de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tabaristan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tabaristan (la pagina existís pas)">Tabaristan</a>, region situada au sud de la Mar Caspiana e tradicionalament ostila au poder deis Abbassidas, venguèron <i>de facto</i> independents. Pasmens, foguèron pron prudents per mantenir <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> l'autoritat nominala dau califa. <br /> <b>865-867</b>&#160;: per assaiar de demenir l'influéncia de seis oficiers turcs, lo califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mustain_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mustain (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mustain</a> ordonèt lo retorn de la <a href="/wiki/Capitala" title="Capitala">capitala</a> a <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a>. Lei Turcs se revoutèron e proclamèron <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutazz&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutazz (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutazz</a> coma califa. Assetjat e batut dins <a href="/w/index.php?title=Badgad&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Badgad (la pagina existís pas)">Badgad</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mustain_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mustain (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mustain</a> foguèt finalament assassinat en <a href="/wiki/866" class="mw-redirect" title="866">866</a> après aver acceptar la pèrda de son títol. Aquò entraïnèt una insureccion de <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> que foguèt tornarmai reprimida en <a href="/wiki/867" class="mw-redirect" title="867">867</a>. <br /> <b>866</b>&#160;: dins l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Empèri Bizantin</a>, arrestacion e execucion de l'influent <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bardas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bardas (la pagina existís pas)">Bardas</a>, oncle de l'emperaire <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miqu%C3%A8u_III_(emperaire)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Miquèu III (emperaire) (la pagina existís pas)">Miquèu III</a>. L'emperaire nomèt son favorit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_I%C3%A8r_lo_Macedonian&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil Ièr lo Macedonian (la pagina existís pas)">Basil lo Macedonian</a> coma coemperaire (→ <a href="/wiki/867" class="mw-redirect" title="867">867</a>). <br /> <b>866-869</b>&#160;: incursions <a href="/wiki/Viking" title="Viking">vikingas</a> importantas en <a href="/wiki/Esc%C3%B2cia" title="Escòcia">Escòcia</a>. <br /> <b>867</b>&#160;: assassinat de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miqu%C3%A8u_III_(emperaire)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Miquèu III (emperaire) (la pagina existís pas)">Miquèu III</a> per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_I%C3%A8r_lo_Macedonian&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil Ièr lo Macedonian (la pagina existís pas)">Basil lo Macedonian</a> que demorèt lo sobeiran unic de l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Empèri Bizantin</a>. <br /> <b>868</b>&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">independéncia</a> <i>de facto</i> d'<a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> après la decision dau governador <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_ibn_Tulun&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad ibn Tulun (la pagina existís pas)">Ahmad ibn Tulun</a> d'arrestar la transmission deis <a href="/wiki/Imp%C3%B2st" title="Impòst">impòsts</a> au poder centrau dau Califat. <br /> <b>869</b>&#160;: inauguracion dau darrier monument conegut bastit dins la ciutat-estat <a href="/wiki/Civilizacion_maia" title="Civilizacion maia">maia</a> de <a href="/wiki/Tikal" title="Tikal">Tikal</a>. En crisi, probablament en causa d'un afondrament de la produccion agricòla, la vila declinèt rapidament (→ <a href="/wiki/950" class="mw-redirect" title="950">950</a>). <br /> <b>869</b>&#160;: dins lo <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Califat Abbassida</a>, reversament dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutazz_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutazz (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutazz</a> per un grop de soudats turcs. Foguèt remplaçat per son cosin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muhtadi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muhtadi (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muhtadi</a>. Aqueu darrier assaièt de restaurar l'autoritat califala (→ <a href="/wiki/870" class="mw-redirect" title="870">870</a>). Aquò entraïnèt una revòuta novèla de la populacion de <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> còntra lei soudats turcs e berbèrs de la capitala. <br /> <b>869</b>&#160;: començament de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rebellion_dei_Zanj&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rebellion dei Zanj (la pagina existís pas)">rebellion dei Zanj</a>, un grop d'esclaus negres inspirats per lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kharigisme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kharigisme (la pagina existís pas)">kharigisme</a>. Ocupèron lo sud de <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/871" class="mw-redirect" title="871">871</a>). <br /> <b>870</b>&#160;: partiment dau territòri de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotari_II_de_Lotar%C3%ADngia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lotari II de Lotaríngia (la pagina existís pas)">Lotari II de Lotaríngia</a> entre <a href="/wiki/Carles_lo_Calvet" title="Carles lo Calvet">Carles lo Calvet</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lo%C3%ADs_II_de_Germania&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Loís II de Germania (la pagina existís pas)">Loís II de Germania</a>. <br /> <b>870-875</b>&#160;: importanta incursion vikinga en <a href="/wiki/Esc%C3%B2cia" title="Escòcia">Escòcia</a>. Pilhèron e destruguèron <a href="/wiki/Dumbarton" title="Dumbarton">Dumbarton</a>. Puei, capitèt d'ocupar lei Lowlands <br /> <b>870</b>&#160;: arrestacion e execucion dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muhtadi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muhtadi (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muhtadi</a> per sei soudats turcs. Nomèron un califa fantòche, son cosin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutamid_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutamid (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutamid</a>, per lo remplaçar. Pasmens, aquò permetèt de reconstituir un poder centrau capable de dirigir lo Califat. <br /> <b>871</b>&#160;: incendi de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Basra&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Basra (la pagina existís pas)">Basra</a> per lei Zanj (→ <a href="/wiki/879" class="mw-redirect" title="879">879</a>). <br /> <b>871</b>&#160;: campanha navala bizantina còntra lei <a href="/wiki/Piratari%C3%A1" title="Piratariá">piratas</a> arabes de la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Adriatica" title="Mar Adriatica">Mar Adriatica</a>. Lei naviris ajudèron l'emperaire germanic de conquistar lo pòrt de <a href="/wiki/Bari" class="mw-disambig" title="Bari">Bari</a> que passèt sota contraròtle bizantin en <a href="/wiki/876" class="mw-redirect" title="876">876</a>. <br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Occitania_(with_star).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="531" /></a></span> <b>872</b>&#160;: capitada d'una campanha bizantina còntra la vau auta d'<a href="/wiki/Eufrates" title="Eufrates">Eufrates</a>. En particular, permetèt a <a href="/wiki/Constantin%C3%B2ble" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantinòble">Constantinòble</a> d'anientar la ierarquia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulicianisme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulicianisme (la pagina existís pas)">pauliciana</a>. Lei subrevivents se retirèron en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> ont inspirèron benlèu d'<a href="/wiki/Eresia" class="mw-redirect" title="Eresia">eresias</a> <a href="/wiki/Manique%C3%AFsme" title="Maniqueïsme">maniquèas</a> coma lo <a href="/wiki/Catarisme" title="Catarisme">catarisme</a> <a href="/wiki/Occit%C3%A0nia" title="Occitània">occitan</a>. <br /> <b>875</b>&#160;: assaiant de protegir la frontiera orientala dau Califat, lo visir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muwaffaq_(visir)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muwaffaq (visir) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muwaffaq</a>, cap vertadier de l'Estat, reconoguèt la possession de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khorasan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Khorasan (la pagina existís pas)">Khorasan</a> ai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saffaridas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Saffaridas (la pagina existís pas)">Saffaridas</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/876" class="mw-redirect" title="876">876</a>). <br /> <b>876</b>&#160;: revirada d'una ataca saffarida còntra <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/886" class="mw-redirect" title="886">886</a>). <br /> <b>877</b>&#160;: mòrt de <a href="/wiki/Carles_lo_Calvet" title="Carles lo Calvet">Carles lo Calvet</a>, rèi de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francia_Occidentala&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Francia Occidentala (la pagina existís pas)">Francia Occidentala</a>, que foguèt remplaçat per son fiu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lo%C3%ADs_II_de_Fran%C3%A7a&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Loís II de França (la pagina existís pas)">Loís II</a>. <br /> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Illas_Britanicas_(v%C3%A8rs_la_fin_dau_s%C3%A8gle_IX).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Illas_Britanicas_%28v%C3%A8rs_la_fin_dau_s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png/220px-Illas_Britanicas_%28v%C3%A8rs_la_fin_dau_s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Illas_Britanicas_%28v%C3%A8rs_la_fin_dau_s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png/330px-Illas_Britanicas_%28v%C3%A8rs_la_fin_dau_s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Illas_Britanicas_%28v%C3%A8rs_la_fin_dau_s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png/440px-Illas_Britanicas_%28v%C3%A8rs_la_fin_dau_s%C3%A8gle_IX%29.png 2x" data-file-width="801" data-file-height="956" /></a><figcaption>Situacion territòriala deis Illas Britanicas a la fin dau sègle IX après la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_d%27Ethandum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha d&#39;Ethandum (la pagina existís pas)">batalha d'Ethandum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>877-878</b>&#160;: dins leis <a href="/wiki/Illas_Britanicas" title="Illas Britanicas">Illas Britanicas</a>, desfacha dei <a href="/wiki/Vikings" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikings">Vikings</a> a la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_d%27Ethandum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha d&#39;Ethandum (la pagina existís pas)">batalha d'Ethandum</a> còntra <a href="/wiki/Alfred_de_Wessex" title="Alfred de Wessex">Alfred de Wessex</a>. Aquò marquèt la fin de l'expansion vikinga dins l'archipèla. <br /> <b>877-878</b>&#160;: conquista de <a href="/wiki/Siria" title="Siria">Siria</a> per l'emir d'<a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_ibn_Tulun&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad ibn Tulun (la pagina existís pas)">Ahmad ibn Tulun</a>. <br /> <b>879</b>&#160;: importanta desfacha dei <a href="/wiki/Vikings" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikings">Vikings</a> durant una incursion dins lo domeni carolingian. <br /> <b>879-881</b>&#160;: importanta revòuta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kharigisme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kharigisme (la pagina existís pas)">kharigista</a> en <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> Auta. Foguèt reprimida mai la region demorèt agitada. <br /> <b>879-883</b>&#160;: anientament de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rebellion_dei_Zanj&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rebellion dei Zanj (la pagina existís pas)">rebellion dei Zanj</a> dins lo sud de <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>. <br /> <b>880</b>&#160;: mòrt de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lo%C3%ADs_II_de_Fran%C3%A7a&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Loís II de França (la pagina existís pas)">Loís II</a> e partiment de son territòri entre seis eiretiers. Aprofichant lo caos, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boson_II_de_Proven%C3%A7a&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Boson II de Provença (la pagina existís pas)">Boson II de Provença</a> se proclamèt rèi e assaièt de restaurar lo Reiaume dei Burgonds (→ <a href="/wiki/885" class="mw-redirect" title="885">885</a>). <br /> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian_-_Partiment_v%C3%A8rs_880.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian_-_Partiment_v%C3%A8rs_880.png/220px-Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian_-_Partiment_v%C3%A8rs_880.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian_-_Partiment_v%C3%A8rs_880.png/330px-Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian_-_Partiment_v%C3%A8rs_880.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian_-_Partiment_v%C3%A8rs_880.png/440px-Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian_-_Partiment_v%C3%A8rs_880.png 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="437" /></a><figcaption>Partiment dau domeni carolingian en <a href="/wiki/880" class="mw-redirect" title="880">880</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Occitania_(with_star).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="531" /></a></span> <b>881-882</b>&#160;: destruccion d'una armada vikinga per lei Francs ai <a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Saucourt-en-Vimeu" title="Batalha de Saucourt-en-Vimeu">batalhas de Saucourt-en-Vimeu</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_d%27Avaux&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha d&#39;Avaux (la pagina existís pas)">d'Avaux</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/883" class="mw-redirect" title="883">883</a>). <br /> <b>882</b>&#160;: reconstitucion de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francia_Occidentala&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Francia Occidentala (la pagina existís pas)">Francia Occidentala</a> après la mòrt de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lo%C3%ADs_III_de_Fran%C3%A7a&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Loís III de França (la pagina existís pas)">Loís III</a>. <br /> <b>882</b>&#160;: en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa_Orientala" title="Euròpa Orientala">Euròpa Orientala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oleg_lo_Savi" title="Oleg lo Savi">Oleg lo Savi</a> installèt sa capitala a <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a>. Aquò marca una etapa decisiva dins la formacion de la <a href="/wiki/Rus%27_de_Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Rus&#39; de Kiev">Rus' de Kiev</a>, premier <a href="/wiki/Estat" title="Estat">Estat</a> estructurat format per leis <a href="/wiki/Eslaus" title="Eslaus">Eslaus Orientaus</a>. <br /> <b>883-884</b>&#160;: incursion vikinga dins lo nòrd de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francia_Occidentala&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Francia Occidentala (la pagina existís pas)">Francia Occidentala</a>. Se retirèron après lo pagament d'un important tribut. <br /> <b>884</b>&#160;: mòrt dau rèi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carloman_II_de_Fran%C3%A7a&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Carloman II de França (la pagina existís pas)">Carloman II</a>. Coma son eiretier èra un ennfant de sièis ans, lei senhors de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francia_Occidentala&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Francia Occidentala (la pagina existís pas)">Francia Occidentala</a> demandèron a l'emperaire <a href="/wiki/Carles_III_lo_Gr%C3%B2s" title="Carles III lo Gròs">Carles III lo Gròs</a> de venir <a href="/wiki/Reg%C3%A9ncia" title="Regéncia">regent</a>. <br /> <b>884-886</b>&#160;: mòrt de l'emir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_ibn_Tulun&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad ibn Tulun (la pagina existís pas)">Ahmad ibn Tulun</a>. Lo visir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muwaffaq_(visir)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muwaffaq (visir) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muwaffaq</a> aprofichèt sa mòrt per reconquistar <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> mai seis armadas foguèron batudas. <br /> <b>885</b>&#160;: en cambi d'un jurament de fidelitat simple, l'emperaire <a href="/wiki/Carles_III_lo_Gr%C3%B2s" title="Carles III lo Gròs">Carles III lo Gròs</a> acceptèt de laissar son territòri e son títol reiau a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boson_II_de_Proven%C3%A7a&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Boson II de Provença (la pagina existís pas)">Boson II de Provença</a>. Aquò permetèt de restablir la patz dins la region mai dins lei fachs, <a href="/wiki/Proven%C3%A7a" title="Provença">Provença</a> sortiguèt de la zòna d'autoritat dei Carolingians. <br /> <b>885-887</b>&#160;: <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8tge_de_Par%C3%ADs_(885-886)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sètge de París (885-886) (la pagina existís pas)">sètge de París (885-886)</a> per lei <a href="/wiki/Vikings" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikings">Vikings</a>. Lo regent <a href="/wiki/Carles_III_lo_Gr%C3%B2s" title="Carles III lo Gròs">Carles III lo Gròs</a> foguèt obligat de pagar una indemnitat e d'autorizar lo pilhatge de <a href="/wiki/Borgonha" title="Borgonha">Borgonha</a> (en revòuta còntra son autoritat). Aquel acòrdi suscitèt l'indignacion quasi generala de l'<a href="/wiki/Aristocracia" title="Aristocracia">aristocracia</a> franca (→ <a href="/wiki/888" class="mw-redirect" title="888">888</a>). <br /> <b>886</b>&#160;: pèrda de la region de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fars&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fars (la pagina existís pas)">Fars</a> per lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saffaridas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Saffaridas (la pagina existís pas)">Saffaridas</a> après lo succès d'una campanha <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/889" class="mw-redirect" title="889">889</a>). <br /> <b>886</b>&#160;: mòrt de l'emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantin</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_I%C3%A8r_lo_Macedonian&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil Ièr lo Macedonian (la pagina existís pas)">Basil lo Macedonian</a> que foguèt remplaçat per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leon_VI_l%27Avisat&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Leon VI l&#39;Avisat (la pagina existís pas)">Leon VI l'Avisat</a>. <br /> <b>888</b>&#160;: mòrt de l'emperaire carolingian <a href="/wiki/Carles_III_lo_Gr%C3%B2s" title="Carles III lo Gròs">Carles III lo Gròs</a>. En causa de l'indignacion suscitada per lei negociacions de <a href="/wiki/887" class="mw-redirect" title="887">887</a> amb lei <a href="/wiki/Vikings" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikings">Vikings</a>, l'aristocracia refusèt d'elegir son fiu coma successor. En plaça, nomèt lo còmte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Audo%C3%AFn_de_Fran%C3%A7a&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Audoïn de França (la pagina existís pas)">Audoïn de París</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/889" class="mw-redirect" title="889">889</a>). <br /> <b>889</b>&#160;: signatura d'una trèva entre leis <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Abbassidas</a> e lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saffaridas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Saffaridas (la pagina existís pas)">Saffaridas</a>. <br /> <b>889</b>&#160;: au nòrd de la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra">Mar Negra</a>, lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pechen%C3%A8gs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pechenègs (la pagina existís pas)">Pechenègs</a> decidèron de tornar venir independents. Passèron <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B2lga" title="Vòlga">Vòlga</a> e anèron s'installar entre <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B2n" title="Dòn">Dòn</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dni%C3%A8pr&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dnièpr (la pagina existís pas)">Dnièpr</a>. Lei <a href="/wiki/Cazars" title="Cazars">Cazars</a>, poissança principala de la region, poguèron pas leis empachar. Pasmens, gràcias a son aliança amb <a href="/wiki/Constantin%C3%B2ble" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantinòble">Constantinòble</a>, poguèron limitar leis efiechs d'aquela revirada car lo territòri novèu dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pechen%C3%A8gs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pechenègs (la pagina existís pas)">Pechenègs</a> èra desenant situat entre l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Empèri Bizantin</a> e l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Cazar" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Cazar">Empèri Cazar</a>. <br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Occitania_(with_star).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Occitania_%28with_star%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="531" /></a></span> <b>889</b>&#160;: en <a href="/wiki/Aquit%C3%A0nia" class="mw-disambig" title="Aquitània">Aquitània</a>, campanha dau rèi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Audo%C3%AFn_de_Fran%C3%A7a&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Audoïn de França (la pagina existís pas)">Audoïn</a> per sometre <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramnulf_II_de_Peitius&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramnulf II de Peitius (la pagina existís pas)">Ramnulf II de Peitius</a>. Obtenguèt un jurament de fidelitat fòrça teorica. <br /> <b>891</b>&#160;: mòrt dau visir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muwaffaq_(visir)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muwaffaq (visir) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muwaffaq</a> qu'èra lo cap vertadier dau Califat dempuei leis ans 870. Durant son «&#160;rèine&#160;», capitèt de redreiçar l'autoritat dau poder centrau e de restablir l'òrdre dins lei províncias encara tengudas per <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a>. Son fiu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutadid_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutadid (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutadid</a> lo remplacèt. Ordonèt au califa de lo nomar coma eiretier e li succediguèt en <a href="/wiki/892" class="mw-redirect" title="892">892</a>. <br /> <b>892-894</b>&#160;: en cambi de lor ajuda còntra <a href="/wiki/Mor%C3%A0via" title="Moràvia">Moràvia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnulf_de_Carintia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arnulf de Carintia">Arnulf de Carintia</a>, rèi de <a href="/wiki/Francia_Orientala" title="Francia Orientala">Francia Orientala</a>, autorizèt l'installacion deis <a href="/wiki/Ongria" title="Ongria">Ongrés</a>, un <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ris_nomadas" title="Empèris nomadas">pòble nomada</a> originari de l'<a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A8pa" title="Estèpa">estèpa</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Pan%C3%B2nia" title="Panònia">Panònia</a> (<a href="/wiki/892" class="mw-redirect" title="892">892</a>-<a href="/wiki/894" class="mw-redirect" title="894">894</a>) e en <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%A0cia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dàcia (la pagina existís pas)">Dàcia</a> (<a href="/wiki/893" class="mw-redirect" title="893">893</a>). La màger part deis abitants de <a href="/wiki/Pan%C3%B2nia" title="Panònia">Panònia</a> foguèron tuats ò expulsats e la region venguèt la basa deis incursions futuras deis Ongrés còntra lei regions vesinas. <br /> <b>893</b>&#160;: divèrsei negociacions permetèron d'amaisar lei relacions entre leis <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Abbassidas</a>, lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulunidas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tulunidas (la pagina existís pas)">Tulunidas</a> e lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saffaridas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Saffaridas (la pagina existís pas)">Saffaridas</a>. Entraïnèron la definicion d'esfèras d'influéncia e permetèron de mantenir la ficcion de l'autoritat dau califa sus l'ensemble dau mond <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">musulman</a>. <br /> <b>894</b>&#160;: aliança entre <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Bizantins</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ongria" title="Ongria">Ongrés</a> per combatre lei <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgars</a>. <br /> <b>895</b>&#160;: importanta reforma de la fiscalitat <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a> que permetèt de melhorar la percepcion deis <a href="/wiki/Imp%C3%B2st" title="Impòst">impòsts</a> per lo <a href="/wiki/Gov%C3%A8rn" title="Govèrn">govèrn</a> centrau. <br /> <b>895-896</b>&#160;: capitada d'una incursion ongresa còntra lei regions bulgaras. Pasmens, lei Bulgars s'alièron amb lei <a href="/wiki/Pechenegs" title="Pechenegs">Pechenegs</a>. Aquò li permetèt de tornar concentrar sei fòrças còntra lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Bizantins</a> que foguèron batuts. Negocièron la fin deis ostilitats en cambi dau pagament d'un <a href="/wiki/Tribut" title="Tribut">tribut</a> anuau (→ <a href="/wiki/912" class="mw-redirect" title="912">912</a>). <br /> <b>896-897</b>&#160;: aprofichant lei dificultats intèrnas dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulunidas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tulunidas (la pagina existís pas)">Tulunidas</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a>, lo califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutadid_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutadid (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutadid</a> li impausèt la cession d'una partida de <a href="/wiki/Siria" title="Siria">Siria</a> (region de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Homs (la pagina existís pas)">Homs</a>) e lo pagament d'un important tribut anuau. Capitèt tanben de conquistar lei regions tengudas per la dinastia dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dulunidas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dulunidas (la pagina existís pas)">Dulunidas</a> en <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8rsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pèrsia">Pèrsia</a>. En revènge, en <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a> Orientala, deguèt laissar mai d'autonòmia ai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamdanides&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamdanides (la pagina existís pas)">Hamdanides</a>. <br /> <b>898</b>&#160;: en <a href="/wiki/Cauc%C3%A0s" title="Caucàs">Caucàs</a>, independéncia <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sajides&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sajides (la pagina existís pas)">Sajides</a> que contunièron de respectar nominalament lo primat deis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Califa_Abbassida&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Califa Abbassida (la pagina existís pas)">Abbassidas</a>. <br /> <b>898-900</b>&#160;: guèrra entre lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saffaridas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Saffaridas (la pagina existís pas)">Saffaridas</a> e lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samanides&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Samanides (la pagina existís pas)">Samanides</a> en <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8rsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pèrsia">Pèrsia</a> Orientala e en <a href="/wiki/Asia_Centrala" title="Asia Centrala">Asia Centrala</a>. S'acabèt per la victòria dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samanides&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Samanides (la pagina existís pas)">Samanides</a>. Lo califa acceptèt de transferir ai venceires lei títols e cargas tenguts per lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saffaridas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Saffaridas (la pagina existís pas)">Saffaridas</a>. <br /> <b>899-900</b>&#160;: incursions ongresas dins lo nòrd d'<a href="/wiki/It%C3%A0lia" title="Itàlia">Itàlia</a>. En revènge, revirada d'una expedicion dirigida còntra <a href="/wiki/Francia_Orientala" title="Francia Orientala">Francia Orientala</a>. <br /> <b>900</b>&#160;: reconquista de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Emirat_de_Tarsus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Emirat de Tarsus (la pagina existís pas)">Emirat de Tarsus</a> per lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Bizantins</a>. Aquò permetèt ais armadas de <a href="/wiki/Constantin%C3%B2ble" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantinòble">Constantinòble</a> d'agantar <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultura">Cultura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Cultura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Cultura"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Borobudur_Northwest_View.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Borobudur_Northwest_View.jpg/220px-Borobudur_Northwest_View.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Borobudur_Northwest_View.jpg/330px-Borobudur_Northwest_View.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Borobudur_Northwest_View.jpg/440px-Borobudur_Northwest_View.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="673" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fotografia" title="Fotografia">Fotografia</a> dau temple (restaurat) de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Borobudur&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Borobudur (la pagina existís pas)">Borobudur</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>v. 824</b>&#160;: inauguracion dau <a href="/wiki/Temple" title="Temple">temple</a> <a href="/wiki/Bodisme" title="Bodisme">bodista</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Borobudur&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Borobudur (la pagina existís pas)">Borobudur</a>. Bastit sus una còla, es un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stupa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Stupa (la pagina existís pas)">stupa</a> que fòrma un carrat de 113 mètres de costat amb quatre galariás successivas de forma geometrica. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sciéncias_e_tecnicas"><span id="Sci.C3.A9ncias_e_tecnicas"></span>Sciéncias e tecnicas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Sciéncias e tecnicas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Sciéncias e tecnicas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>806</b>&#160;: segon lei foncionaris de l'administracion chinesa, au mens 16&#160;000 tonas d'<a href="/wiki/Aci%C3%A8r" title="Acièr">acier</a> èran produchas anualament dins l'Empèri (→ <a href="/wiki/1078" class="mw-redirect" title="1078">1078</a>). <br /> <b>812</b>&#160;: en <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">China</a>, per facilitar lei cambis economics, premiera utilizacion d'una <a href="/wiki/Moneda" title="Moneda">moneda</a> de <a href="/wiki/Papi%C3%A8r" title="Papièr">papier</a>. <br /> <b>v. 815</b>&#160;: mòrt de <a href="/wiki/Jabir_Ibn_Hayyan" title="Jabir Ibn Hayyan">Jabir Ibn Hayyan</a> que foguèt lo premier <a href="/wiki/Alquimia" title="Alquimia">alquimista</a> qu'adoptèt un metòde basat sus l'observacion e l'experimentacion. Aquò li permetèt de sistematizar de procès quimics fondamentaus (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cristallizacion&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cristallizacion (la pagina existís pas)">cristallizacion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Destillacion" title="Destillacion">destillacion</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcinacion&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Calcinacion (la pagina existís pas)">calcinacion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sublimacion" class="mw-disambig" title="Sublimacion">sublimacion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evaporacion" title="Evaporacion">evaporacion</a>...) e de descubrir divèrsei compausats quimics importants (<a href="/wiki/Acid_cloridric" title="Acid cloridric">acid cloridric</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acid_nitric" title="Acid nitric">acid nitric</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acid_citric&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Acid citric (la pagina existís pas)">acid citric</a>...). Estudièt tanben la produccion d'<a href="/wiki/Acier" class="mw-redirect" title="Acier">acier</a> e la proteccion dei metaus còntra la <a href="/wiki/Corrosion" title="Corrosion">corrosion</a>. <br /> <b>v. 820</b>&#160;: publicacion a <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> per <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi">Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi</a> d'un libre d'astronomia (<i>Zīj al-Sindhind</i>) amb de taulas regardant lo movement dau <a href="/wiki/Solelh" class="mw-redirect" title="Solelh">Soleu</a>, dei cinc <a href="/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta">planetas</a> conegudas e de la <a href="/wiki/Luna" title="Luna">Luna</a>. <br /> <b>827</b>&#160;: mesura de la circonferéncia terrèstra per una expedicion dirigida per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalid_ibn_Abd_al%E2%80%90Malik_al%E2%80%90Marwarrudhi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalid ibn Abd al‐Malik al‐Marwarrudhi (la pagina existís pas)">Khalid ibn Abd al‐Malik al‐Marwarrudhi</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_ibn_Isa_al-Asturlabi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali ibn Isa al-Asturlabi (la pagina existís pas)">Ali ibn Isa al-Asturlabi</a> a partir d'observacions dins la Vau de Tigris. Trobèron un resultat de 40&#160;248 km ò de 41&#160;436 km segon lei fònts istoricas. <br /> <b>829</b>&#160;: a l'iniciativa dau califa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mamun_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mamun (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mamun</a>, creacion d'un observatòri astronomic permanent a <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a>. <br /> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Image-Al-Kit%C4%81b_al-mu%E1%B8%ABta%E1%B9%A3ar_f%C4%AB_%E1%B8%A5is%C4%81b_al-%C4%9Fabr_wa-l-muq%C4%81bala.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Image-Al-Kit%C4%81b_al-mu%E1%B8%ABta%E1%B9%A3ar_f%C4%AB_%E1%B8%A5is%C4%81b_al-%C4%9Fabr_wa-l-muq%C4%81bala.jpg/220px-Image-Al-Kit%C4%81b_al-mu%E1%B8%ABta%E1%B9%A3ar_f%C4%AB_%E1%B8%A5is%C4%81b_al-%C4%9Fabr_wa-l-muq%C4%81bala.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="348" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Image-Al-Kit%C4%81b_al-mu%E1%B8%ABta%E1%B9%A3ar_f%C4%AB_%E1%B8%A5is%C4%81b_al-%C4%9Fabr_wa-l-muq%C4%81bala.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="380" /></a><figcaption>Premiera pagina dau tractat <i>Kitāb al-mukhtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-jabr wa-l-muqābala</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>829</b>&#160;: publicacion a <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> dau tractat <i>Kitāb al-mukhtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-jabr wa-l-muqābala</i> (en <a href="/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan">occitan</a> <i>Abreujat de calcul per la restauracion e la comparason</i>) per lo matematician <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">persan</a> <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi">Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi</a>. Presentant d'un biais clar un ensems de metòde de resolucion d'<a href="/wiki/Equacion" title="Equacion">equacion</a> dau segond gras, aguèt un ròtle important dins la generalizacion dau sistèma decimau arabi a l'origina dei nombres modèrnes. <br /> <b>830</b>&#160;: publicacion per <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi">Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi</a> d'un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zij&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Zij (la pagina existís pas)">zij</a> dich <i>Zīj al-Sindhind</i> («&#160;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Taula_indiana&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Taula indiana (la pagina existís pas)">Taula indiana</a>&#160;» en <a href="/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan">occitan</a>). Establit a partir dei calculs e dei teorias de <a href="/wiki/Ptolem%C3%A8u" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemèu">Ptolemèu</a> e deis astronòms <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">indians</a>, venguèt una referéncia majora de l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a> per l'estudi e la prediccion dau movement deis astres. <br /> <b>832</b>&#160;: fondacion de l'<a href="/wiki/Ostal_de_la_Sapien%C3%A7a" title="Ostal de la Sapiença">Ostau de la Saviesa</a> de <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a>. Èra un centre scientific associant de bibliotècas, de centres de traduccion e de luòcs de reünion per lei sabents. Permetèt a l'elèit scientific arabopersan de tradurre e de perseguir lei recèrcas anticas. <br /> <b>833</b>&#160;: publicacion a <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> per lo sabent <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">persan</a> <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi">Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi</a> dau <i>Kitāb ṣūrat al-Arḍ</i> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Libre_sus_l%27Apar%C3%A9ncia_de_la_T%C3%A8rra&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Libre sus l&#39;Aparéncia de la Tèrra (la pagina existís pas)">Libre sus l'Aparéncia de la Tèrra</a></i> en <a href="/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan">occitan</a>) que gropava una lista de 2&#160;402 coordenats geografics de vilas e d'autrei endrechs de remarca. Permetiá de completar e de corregir la <i>Geographia</i> publicada per <a href="/wiki/Ptolem%C3%A8u" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemèu">Ptolemèu</a> dins lo corrent de l'<a href="/wiki/Antiquitat" title="Antiquitat">Antiquitat</a>. <br /> <b>v. 850</b>&#160;: redaccion de tractats d'<a href="/wiki/Optica" title="Optica">optica</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Medecina" title="Medecina">medecina</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Criptografia" title="Criptografia">criptografia</a> per <a href="/wiki/Al-Kindi" title="Al-Kindi">Al-Kindi</a>. En particular, publiquèt lo premier obratge de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Criptanalisi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Criptanalisi (la pagina existís pas)">criptanalisi</a> ont presentèt lo metòde de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Analisi_frequenciala&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Analisi frequenciala (la pagina existís pas)">analisi frequenciala</a>. <br /> <b>850</b>&#160;: publicacion a <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> per lei fraires <a href="/w/index.php?title=Banu_Musa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Banu Musa (la pagina existís pas)">Banu Musa</a> dau <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Libre_dei_Dispositius_Engenh%C3%B3s&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Libre dei Dispositius Engenhós (la pagina existís pas)">Libre dei Dispositius Engenhós</a></i> que depinta divèrseis aparelhs e dispositius avançats, compres de sistèmas automatics. <br /> </p> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Pouvera" class="mw-redirect" title="Pouvera">Pouvera</a>.</div> <p><b>855</b>&#160;: data tradicionala de l'invencion de la <a href="/wiki/Pouvera" class="mw-redirect" title="Pouvera">pouvera</a> en <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">China</a>. <br /> </p> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Estampari%C3%A1" title="Estampariá">Estampariá</a>.</div> <p><b>868</b>&#160;: en <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">China</a>, publicacion dau <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sitra_dau_diamant&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sitra dau diamant (la pagina existís pas)">Sitra dau diamant</a></i> qu'es lo pus ancian estampat. <br /> <b>876</b>&#160;: utilizacion d'un simbòl designant lo <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A8ro" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Zèro">zèro</a> per lei matematicians indians. Aquò foguèt una etapa importanta dins son adopcion per leis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabes&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabes (la pagina existís pas)">Arabes</a>. <br /> <b>900</b>&#160;: existéncia de papetariás en <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> illustrant la perseguida de la difusion dau <a href="/wiki/Papi%C3%A8r" title="Papièr">papier</a> en direccion d'<a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> (→ <a href="/wiki/1046" class="mw-redirect" title="1046">1046</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Decès"><span id="Dec.C3.A8s"></span>Decès</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : Decès" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Decès"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_ibn_Tulun&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad ibn Tulun (la pagina existís pas)">Ahmad ibn Tulun</a>, emir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulunidas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tulunidas (la pagina existís pas)">tulunida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Amin_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Amin (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Amin</a>, califa <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Kindi" title="Al-Kindi">Al-Kindi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia">filosòf</a> e sabent <a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">arabe</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mamun_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mamun (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mamun</a>, califa <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muhtadi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muhtadi (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muhtadi</a>, califa <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muntasir&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muntasir (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muntasir</a>, califa <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mustain_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mustain (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mustain</a>, califa <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutadid_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutadid (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutadid</a>, califa <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutasim_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutasim (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutasim</a>, califa <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mutazz&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mutazz (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Mutazz</a>, califa <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muttawaki_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muttawaki (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muttawaki</a>, califa <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Muwaffaq_(visir)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Muwaffaq (visir) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Muwaffaq</a>, visir <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Watiq_(Abbassida)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Watiq (Abbassida) (la pagina existís pas)">Al-Watiq</a>, califa <a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_I%C3%A8r_lo_Macedonian&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil Ièr lo Macedonian (la pagina existís pas)">Basil lo Macedonian</a>, emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantin</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carles_lo_Calvet" title="Carles lo Calvet">Carles lo Calvet</a>, emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian" title="Empèri Carolingian">carolingian</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carles_III_lo_Gr%C3%B2s" title="Carles III lo Gròs">Carles III lo Gròs</a>, emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian" title="Empèri Carolingian">carolingian</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlesmanhe" title="Carlesmanhe">Carlesmanhe</a>, emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian" title="Empèri Carolingian">carolingian</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egbert_de_Wessex" title="Egbert de Wessex">Egbert de Wessex</a>, rèi de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wessex&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wessex (la pagina existís pas)">Wessex</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibrahim_ibn_al-Aghlab&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab (la pagina existís pas)">Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab</a>, emir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aglabidas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Aglabidas (la pagina existís pas)">aglabida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ir%C3%A8na_l%27Atenenca&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Irèna l&#39;Atenenca (la pagina existís pas)">Irèna</a>, emperatritz <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantina</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabir_Ibn_Hayyan" title="Jabir Ibn Hayyan">Jabir Ibn Hayyan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alquimia" title="Alquimia">alquimista</a> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">iranian</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leon_V_(emperaire_bizantin)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Leon V (emperaire bizantin) (la pagina existís pas)">Leon V</a>, emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantina</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%ADs_lo_Pi%C3%B3s" class="mw-redirect" title="Loís lo Piós">Loís lo Piós</a>, emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Carolingian" title="Empèri Carolingian">carolingian</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miqu%C3%A8u_II_l%27Amorian" title="Miquèu II l&#39;Amorian">Miquèu II l'Amorian</a>, emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantin</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miqu%C3%A8u_III_(emperaire)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Miquèu III (emperaire) (la pagina existís pas)">Miquèu III</a>, emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantin</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Musa_al-Khwarizmi" title="Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi">Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matematicas" title="Matematicas">matematician</a> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">persan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicef%C3%B2r_I%C3%A8r&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicefòr Ièr (la pagina existís pas)">Nicefòr I<sup>èr</sup></a>, emperaire <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantin</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%B2mas_l%27Eslau&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tòmas l&#39;Eslau (la pagina existís pas)">Tòmas l'Eslau</a>, generau e emperaire usurpator <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantin</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liames_intèrnes"><span id="Liames_int.C3.A8rnes"></span>Liames intèrnes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Liames intèrnes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Liames intèrnes"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Califat_Abbassida" class="mw-redirect" title="Califat Abbassida">Califat Abbassida</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civilizacion_maia" title="Civilizacion maia">Civilizacion maia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Empèri Bizantin</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutazilisme&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutazilisme (la pagina existís pas)">Mutazilisme</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nòtas_e_referéncias"><span id="N.C3.B2tas_e_refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Nòtas e referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Nòtas e referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Nòtas e referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐847495b4dd‐494xt Cached time: 20241128121814 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.093 seconds Real time usage: 0.121 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 870/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1312/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 263/2097152 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