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Influencers Who Often Post About News, and Who Sees Their Content | Pew Research Center

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8.4765625 7.375 C 8.3095625 7.375 8.0395469 7.4375 7.8105469 7.6875 C 7.5815469 7.9365 6.9355469 8.5395781 6.9355469 9.7675781 C 6.9355469 10.995578 7.8300781 12.182609 7.9550781 12.349609 C 8.0790781 12.515609 9.68175 15.115234 12.21875 16.115234 C 14.32675 16.946234 14.754891 16.782234 15.212891 16.740234 C 15.670891 16.699234 16.690438 16.137687 16.898438 15.554688 C 17.106437 14.971687 17.106922 14.470187 17.044922 14.367188 C 16.982922 14.263188 16.816406 14.201172 16.566406 14.076172 C 16.317406 13.951172 15.090328 13.348625 14.861328 13.265625 C 14.632328 13.182625 14.464828 13.140625 14.298828 13.390625 C 14.132828 13.640625 13.655766 14.201187 13.509766 14.367188 C 13.363766 14.534188 13.21875 14.556641 12.96875 14.431641 C 12.71875 14.305641 11.914938 14.041406 10.960938 13.191406 C 10.218937 12.530406 9.7182656 11.714844 9.5722656 11.464844 C 9.4272656 11.215844 9.5585938 11.079078 9.6835938 10.955078 C 9.7955938 10.843078 9.9316406 10.663578 10.056641 10.517578 C 10.180641 10.371578 10.223641 10.267562 10.306641 10.101562 C 10.389641 9.9355625 10.347156 9.7890625 10.285156 9.6640625 C 10.223156 9.5390625 9.737625 8.3065 9.515625 7.8125 C 9.328625 7.3975 9.131125 7.3878594 8.953125 7.3808594 C 8.808125 7.3748594 8.6425625 7.375 8.4765625 7.375 z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">WhatsApp</span></a></li> <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americas-news-influencers/"><span class="wp-block-prc-block-social-share-sheet__label">Share</span><i class="icon icon-library__solid icon__up-from-bracket"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/solid.svg#up-from-bracket"></use></svg></i></a></div></ul> </div> </div> <h1 aria-level="1" data-post-type="post" style="line-height:1.15;" class="wp-block-post-title has-h-one-font-size has-serif-font-family">America’s News Influencers</h1> <h2 style="font-style:italic;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25; margin-top:0.88rem;margin-bottom:0;" class="has-text-align-left wp-block-prc-block-subtitle has-h-2-font-size has-serif-font-family" aria-level="2">The creators and consumers in the world of news and information on social media</h2> <div style="margin-top:1.25rem;margin-bottom:0rem;" class="wp-elements-4f9f2db0607fa39239122b0d2cafa0bf wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display has-small-label-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-prc-block-bylines-display-is-layout-1 wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display-is-layout-flex" class="wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display__bylines"><span class="wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display__prefix">By</span> <a rel="author" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/staff/galen-stocking/" aria-label="View author archive for Galen Stocking">Galen Stocking</a><span class="prc-platform-staff-bylines__separator">, </span><a rel="author" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/staff/luxuan-wang/" aria-label="View author archive for Luxuan Wang">Luxuan Wang</a><span class="prc-platform-staff-bylines__separator">, </span><a rel="author" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/staff/michael-lipka/" aria-label="View author archive for Michael Lipka">Michael Lipka</a><span class="prc-platform-staff-bylines__separator">, </span><a rel="author" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/staff/katerina-eva-matsa/" aria-label="View author archive for Katerina Eva Matsa">Katerina Eva Matsa</a><span class="prc-platform-staff-bylines__separator">, </span><a rel="author" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/staff/regina-widjaya/" aria-label="View author archive for Regina Widjaya">Regina Widjaya</a><span class="prc-platform-staff-bylines__separator">, </span><a rel="author" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/staff/emily-tomasik/" aria-label="View author archive for Emily Tomasik">Emily Tomasik</a> <span class="prc-platform-staff-bylines__and-separator">and</span> <a rel="author" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/staff/jacob-liedke/" aria-label="View author archive for Jacob Liedke">Jacob Liedke</a></div> <div data-hide-on-desktop="true" data-wp-init--sticky="callbacks.onInit" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/core-group&quot;}" class="wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow wp-container-7 is-position-sticky"><div style="border-top-width:1px;border-top-color:var(--wp--preset--color--ui-gray-light);border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-color:var(--wp--preset--color--ui-gray-light);" class="common-block-style--baseball-card has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-white-background-color is-style-dropdown wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-white-background-color" aria-role="navigation" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/table-of-contents&quot;}" data-wp-context="{&quot;isDropdown&quot;:true,&quot;isDropdownOpen&quot;:false,&quot;autoDropdownEnabled&quot;:true,&quot;autoDropdownWidth&quot;:480,&quot;showCurrentChapter&quot;:false}" data-wp-init="callbacks.onInit" data-wp-class--is-style-dropdown="context.isDropdown" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded="context.isDropdownOpen" data-wp-bind--data-auto-dropdown-enabled="context.autoDropdownEnabled" data-wp-bind--data-auto-dropdown-width="context.autoDropdownWidth" data-wp-on-window--resize="callbacks.onResize" data-wp-on-window--click="callbacks.onWindowClick"><div class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__heading has-text-color has-white-color has-background has-ui-black-background-color"><h2>Table of Contents</h2></div> <div class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__dropdown__heading has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-white-background-color" data-wp-on--click="actions.onDropdownClick"><h2>Table of Contents</h2><button class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__dropdown-trigger"><span data-wp-bind--hidden="context.isDropdownOpen"><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__plus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#plus"></use></svg></i></span><span data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.isDropdownOpen"><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__minus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#minus"></use></svg></i></span></button></div> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list" role="list" style="--block-gap: var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color is-active" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americas-news-influencers/">America’s News Influencers</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#how-many-americans-get-news-from-influencers-and-what-is-their-experience"><a href="#how-many-americans-get-news-from-influencers-and-what-is-their-experience">How many Americans get news from influencers, and what is their experience?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#most-news-influencers-are-on-multiple-sites-but-x-is-the-most-common"><a href="#most-news-influencers-are-on-multiple-sites-but-x-is-the-most-common">Most news influencers are on multiple sites, but X is the most common</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#news-influencers-are-mostly-men-more-explicitly-identify-as-right-leaning-than-left-leaning"><a href="#news-influencers-are-mostly-men-more-explicitly-identify-as-right-leaning-than-left-leaning">News influencers are mostly men; more explicitly identify as right-leaning than left-leaning</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#how-news-influencers-on-tiktok-differ-from-those-on-other-sites"><a href="#how-news-influencers-on-tiktok-differ-from-those-on-other-sites">How news influencers on TikTok differ from those on other sites</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#how-are-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-different-from-those-who-haven-t"><a href="#how-are-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-different-from-those-who-haven-t">How are news influencers who have worked for news organizations different from those who haven’t?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#politics-and-the-election-are-by-far-the-most-common-topic-for-news-influencers-in-2024"><a href="#politics-and-the-election-are-by-far-the-most-common-topic-for-news-influencers-in-2024">Politics and the election are by far the most common topic for news influencers in 2024</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/">1. Americans’ experiences with social media news influencers</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-types-of-information-do-americans-get-from-news-influencers"><a href="#what-types-of-information-do-americans-get-from-news-influencers">What types of information do Americans get from news influencers?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#americans-connections-with-news-influencers"><a href="#americans-connections-with-news-influencers">Americans’ connections with news influencers</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#political-ideology-linked-with-differing-views-on-news-influencers"><a href="#political-ideology-linked-with-differing-views-on-news-influencers">Political ideology linked with differing views on news influencers</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#young-adults-more-likely-to-see-content-from-news-influencers-as-helpful-unique"><a href="#young-adults-more-likely-to-see-content-from-news-influencers-as-helpful-unique">Young adults more likely to see content from news influencers as helpful, unique</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-we-created-a-list-of-popular-news-influencers-and-where-they-post/">2. How we created a list of popular news influencers, and where they post</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#where-are-news-influencers-found"><a href="#where-are-news-influencers-found">Where are news influencers found?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#other-ways-news-influencers-connect-with-their-audiences"><a href="#other-ways-news-influencers-connect-with-their-audiences">Other ways news influencers connect with their audiences</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-profile-of-news-influencers-gender-politics-and-more/">3. A profile of news influencers: Gender, politics and more</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#gender"><a href="#gender">Gender</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#political-orientation"><a href="#political-orientation">Political orientation</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#values-and-identities"><a href="#values-and-identities">Values and identities</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-differ-from-those-who-havent/">4. How news influencers who have worked for news organizations differ from those who haven’t</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#news-influencers-from-the-news-industry-are-more-reserved-in-expressing-political-views"><a href="#news-influencers-from-the-news-industry-are-more-reserved-in-expressing-political-views">News influencers from the news industry are more reserved in expressing political views</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#news-influencers-who-have-not-worked-for-a-news-organization-are-more-likely-to-be-on-video-sites-and-manage-fan-communities"><a href="#news-influencers-who-have-not-worked-for-a-news-organization-are-more-likely-to-be-on-video-sites-and-manage-fan-communities">News influencers who have not worked for a news organization are more likely to be on video sites and manage fan communities</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-closer-look-at-the-topics-of-news-influencers-posts/">5. A closer look at the topics of news influencers’ posts</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#news-influencers-often-respond-to-the-news-of-the-day"><a href="#news-influencers-often-respond-to-the-news-of-the-day">News influencers often respond to the news of the day</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#how-topics-vary-across-social-media-sites"><a href="#how-topics-vary-across-social-media-sites">How topics vary across social media sites</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-influencers-most-common-topics"><a href="#what-are-influencers-most-common-topics">What are influencers’ most common topics?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-facebook/">6. News influencers on Facebook</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-facebook-news-influencers-posting-about"><a href="#what-are-facebook-news-influencers-posting-about">What are Facebook news influencers posting about?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-other-sites-are-facebook-news-influencers-on"><a href="#what-other-sites-are-facebook-news-influencers-on">What other sites are Facebook news influencers on?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-instagram/">7. News influencers on Instagram</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-instagram-news-influencers-posting-about"><a href="#what-are-instagram-news-influencers-posting-about">What are Instagram news influencers posting about?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-other-sites-are-instagram-news-influencers-on"><a href="#what-other-sites-are-instagram-news-influencers-on">What other sites are Instagram news influencers on?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-tiktok/">8. News influencers on TikTok</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-tiktok-news-influencers-posting-about"><a href="#what-are-tiktok-news-influencers-posting-about">What are TikTok news influencers posting about?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-other-sites-are-tiktok-news-influencers-on"><a href="#what-other-sites-are-tiktok-news-influencers-on">What other sites are TikTok news influencers on?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-x-formerly-twitter/">9. News influencers on X (formerly Twitter)</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-news-influencers-on-x-posting-about"><a href="#what-are-news-influencers-on-x-posting-about">What are news influencers on X posting about?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-other-sites-are-x-news-influencers-on"><a href="#what-other-sites-are-x-news-influencers-on">What other sites are X news influencers on?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-youtube/">10. News influencers on YouTube</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-youtube-news-influencers-posting-about"><a href="#what-are-youtube-news-influencers-posting-about">What are YouTube news influencers posting about?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-other-sites-are-youtube-news-influencers-on"><a href="#what-other-sites-are-youtube-news-influencers-on">What other sites are YouTube news influencers on?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-acknowledgments/">Acknowledgments</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-methodology/">Methodology</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#survey"><a href="#survey">Survey</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#the-american-trends-panel-survey-methodology"><a href="#the-american-trends-panel-survey-methodology">The American Trends Panel survey methodology</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#analysis-of-news-influencers"><a href="#analysis-of-news-influencers">Analysis of news influencers</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#analysis-of-posts-from-news-influencers"><a href="#analysis-of-posts-from-news-influencers">Analysis of posts from news influencers</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-a-news-influencers-studied/">Appendix A: News influencers studied</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-b-detailed-tables-for-analysis-of-sample-of-news-influencers/">Appendix B: Detailed tables for analysis of sample of news influencers</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-c-detailed-tables-for-analysis-of-sampled-posts-from-news-influencers/">Appendix C: Detailed tables for analysis of sampled posts from news influencers</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-d-gpt-4-topic-classification-instructions/">Appendix D: GPT-4 Topic classification instructions</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-e-validation-of-gpt-4-topic-classification/">Appendix E: Validation of GPT-4 topic classification</a> </li></ul></div></div> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"><div class="entry-content wp-block-post-content has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-post-content-is-layout-1 wp-block-post-content-is-layout-constrained"><h2 style="font-style:italic;font-weight:400;" class="has-text-align-left wp-block-prc-block-subtitle has-h-2-font-size" aria-level="2">The creators and consumers in the world of news and information on social media</h2> <figure class="wp-block-image size-640-wide"><img data-dominant-color="c0b5b1" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #c0b5b1;" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="640" height="360" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_topic_35c7c9.gif?w=640" alt="Pew Research Center illustration for America's News Influencers report; photos via Getty Images" class="wp-image-192694 not-transparent" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Pew Research Center illustration; photos via Getty Images</figcaption></figure> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"><div style="--block-gap: inherit; border-top-width:1px;border-top-color:var(--wp--preset--color--ui-beige-dark);border-right-width:0px;border-right-style:none;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-color:var(--wp--preset--color--ui-beige-dark);border-left-width:0px;border-left-style:none; padding-right:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-top:12px;padding-bottom:12px;" class=" is-co-branded wp-block-prc-block-collapsible has-background has-ui-white-background-color has-border-color has-ui-beige-dark-border-color" id="pew-knight-collapsible-8" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/collapsible&quot;}" data-wp-context="{&quot;collapsibleId&quot;:&quot;pew-knight-collapsible-8&quot;,&quot;isOpen&quot;:false}" data-wp-class--is-open="context.isOpen" data-wp-init--scroll-into-view="callbacks.onInitScrollIntoView"><div class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__title" data-wp-on--click="actions.onClick"><div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/pew-knight"><img decoding="async" src="/var/www/wp-content/plugins/prc-block-library/blocks/collapsible/assets/pew-knight-logo.svg" alt="Learn more about the Pew Knight Initiative" height="35px" class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__co-branding" title="Learn more about the Pew Knight Initiative" /></a></div><button class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__icon"><span data-wp-bind--hidden="context.isOpen"><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__circle-plus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#circle-plus"></use></svg></i></span><span data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.isOpen" hidden><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__circle-minus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#circle-minus"></use></svg></i></span></button></div><div class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__content"> <p class="has-ui-gray-very-dark-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9bb9e58cdcdfa238ac335b806a749a67" style="font-size:15px">The Pew-Knight Initiative supports new research on how Americans absorb civic information, form beliefs and identities, and engage in their communities.</p> <p class="has-ui-gray-very-dark-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d21cda239ccf086578cabb4d942b4845" style="font-size:15px">Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan, nonadvocacy fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. Knight Foundation is a social investor committed to supporting informed and engaged communities. <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/pew-knight/"><strong>Learn more &gt;</strong></a></p> </div></div></div> <div style="--block-gap: inherit; border-width:1px; padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);" class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible has-background has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-border-color has-ui-beige-dark-border-color" id="how-we-did-this" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/collapsible&quot;}" data-wp-context="{&quot;collapsibleId&quot;:&quot;how-we-did-this&quot;,&quot;isOpen&quot;:false}" data-wp-class--is-open="context.isOpen" data-wp-init--scroll-into-view="callbacks.onInitScrollIntoView"><div class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__title" data-wp-on--click="actions.onClick"><div>How we did this</div><button class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__icon"><span data-wp-bind--hidden="context.isOpen"><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__circle-plus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#circle-plus"></use></svg></i></span><span data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.isOpen" hidden><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__circle-minus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#circle-minus"></use></svg></i></span></button></div><div class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__content"> <p>This study uses a multimethod approach to understanding news influencers, an emerging part of the news and information landscape. The project includes three different research components: a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults conducted through Pew Research Center’s American Trends Panel (ATP), an in-depth examination of a sample of 500 news influencers identified across five major social media sites, and a content analysis of 104,786 posts they produced during three distinct time periods in summer 2024.</p> <h5 class="wp-block-heading" id="survey">Survey</h5> <p>The survey portion of this analysis was conducted from July 15 to Aug. 4, 2024, among 10,658 U.S. adults. Everyone who completed the survey is a member of the Center’s&nbsp;ATP, a group of people recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses who have agreed to take surveys regularly. This kind of recruitment gives nearly all U.S. adults a chance of selection. Surveys were conducted either online or by telephone with a live interviewer. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education and other factors.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/our-methods/u-s-surveys/the-american-trends-panel/">Read more about the ATP’s methodology</a>.</p> <p>Respondents were asked about whether they regularly get news from news influencers on social media. Those who reported doing so were also asked about what types of information they get from news influencers, how they feel about news influencers and more.</p> <p>Here are the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_questionnaire.pdf">questions used</a> for this report, <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_topline.pdf">the topline</a> and the <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-methodology/">survey methodology</a>.&nbsp;</p> <h5 class="wp-block-heading" id="news-influencers-analysis">News influencers analysis</h5> <p>The analysis of news influencers examines a sample of 500 news influencers, derived from a review of 28,266 accounts across five social media sites: Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, X and YouTube. To compile this sample, researchers searched for social media accounts with over 100,000 followers that used news-related keywords in early 2024. A team of trained researchers then reviewed these accounts and found 2,058 news influencers who regularly posted about news and were run by people (not organizations).</p> <p>We then used a stratified list-based sampling strategy to sample 500 news influencers from this set for in-depth analysis. A team of trained coders then examined where these news influencers have accounts and various aspects of their public-facing identity. Here is a list of the 500 news influencers <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-a-news-influencers-studied/">analyzed in the study</a>. For more details on how news influencers were identified, sampled and analyzed, refer to the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-methodology/">methodology</a>.</p> <h5 class="wp-block-heading" id="content-analysis">Content analysis</h5> <p>The content analysis of posts from news influencers examines a sample of 104,786 posts by the sampled news influencers. Researchers gathered posts from the same five major social media sites – Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, X and YouTube – across three one-week periods: July 15-21, July 29-Aug. 4 and Aug. 19-25, 2024. The titles, text and captions of the posts were used for human-validated machine coding. The audio from video content on Instagram and TikTok was transcribed using audio-to-text and video-to-text models, and closed captioning was collected for YouTube videos.</p> <p>Researchers then passed this text-based data to OpenAI’s GPT-4 model, along with an instruction prompt to obtain the applicable topic for each post. Two coders were trained to code posts and then validated approximately 1% of the full dataset of posts that had been run through the GPT-4 model.</p> <p>This is a Pew Research Center report from the Pew-Knight Initiative, a research program funded jointly by The Pew Charitable Trusts and the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. Find related reports online at&nbsp;<a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/pew-knight/">https://www.pewresearch.org/pew-knight/</a>.</p> </div></div> <div style="--block-gap: inherit; border-width:1px; padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);" class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible has-background has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-border-color has-ui-beige-dark-border-color" id="terminology" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/collapsible&quot;}" data-wp-context="{&quot;collapsibleId&quot;:&quot;terminology&quot;,&quot;isOpen&quot;:false}" data-wp-class--is-open="context.isOpen" data-wp-init--scroll-into-view="callbacks.onInitScrollIntoView"><div class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__title" data-wp-on--click="actions.onClick"><div>Terminology</div><button class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__icon"><span data-wp-bind--hidden="context.isOpen"><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__circle-plus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#circle-plus"></use></svg></i></span><span data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.isOpen" hidden><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__circle-minus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#circle-minus"></use></svg></i></span></button></div><div class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__content"> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>News influencers</strong> – People who regularly post about current events and civic issues on social media and have at least 100,000 followers on any of Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, X (formerly Twitter) or YouTube.</li> <li><strong>Political orientation</strong> – A measure of a news influencer’s partisan or ideological views. A <em>right-leaning news influencer </em>is one who publicly expresses that they identify as a Republican or conservative or support Donald Trump in the 2024 presidential election. A <em>left-leaning news influencer</em> is one who publicly expresses that they identify as a Democrat, liberal or progressive or support Vice President Kamala Harris (or supported President Joe Biden before he dropped out of the race) in the 2024 election. This information was found in the bio, profile picture, banner image, pinned posts or recent posts on an influencer’s social media account, any personal website or professional page, and prominent media coverage.</li> <li><strong>Values and identities</strong> – Language or imagery in the bio, profile picture, banner image or pinned posts on an influencer’s social media account that expresses specific beliefs or identities.</li> <li><strong>News organization affiliation</strong> – An influencer with this affiliation is one who either currently works for or previously worked for a news organization, as well as freelancers who have regularly contributed to news organizations. A news organization can be any news outlet that has a staff and multiple bylines. Researchers considered affiliated influencers to have this background regardless of their news organization’s political orientation, audience size or primary publishing method (digital, TV, print, etc.).</li> <li><strong>Major social media sites</strong> – The five primary sites we studied, chosen based on audience size and the presence of discussion about news: Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, X (formerly Twitter) and YouTube.</li> </ul> </div></div> <p>In the heat of the 2024 election, news influencers seemed to be everywhere. Both <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/07/13/rnc-tiktok-influencers-trump-delegates/">Republicans</a> and <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/dnc-influencers-battle-journalists-space-access-2024-08-21/">Democrats</a> credentialed content creators to cover their conventions – and <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/influencer-social-media-politics/">encouraged influencers to share their political messages</a>. Influencers also <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/trump-courts-younger-male-vote-by-talking-with-conservative-influencers">interviewed the candidates</a> and held <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2024/09/02/ben-shapiro-gop-fundraiser-00176942">fundraisers for them</a>.</p> <div class="wp-block-group alignright is-style-callout is-style-420-wide has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading" id="what-is-a-news-influencer">What is a news influencer?</h4> <p>In this study, we use the term “news influencers” to refer to individuals who regularly post about current events and civic issues on social media and have at least 100,000 followers on any of Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, X (formerly Twitter) or YouTube. News influencers can be journalists who are or were affiliated with a news organization or independent content creators, but they must be <em>people</em> and not organizations.</p> <p>Refer to the <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-methodology/">methodology</a> for more about how we identified news influencers.</p> </div> <p>But up until now, it has been difficult to get a sense of the size and characteristics of this new wave of news providers.</p> <p>A unique Pew Research Center study provides a deeper understanding of both the makeup of the news influencer universe and its audience. The project includes an <strong>in-depth examination of a sample of 500 popular news influencers</strong> and the content they produce, derived from a review of more than 28,000 social media accounts. We also conducted a <strong>nationally representative survey of Americans</strong> to better understand who regularly gets news from news influencers.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading" id="key-findings-about-news-influencers">Key findings about news influencers</h4> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list"> <li>About one-in-five Americans – including a much higher share of adults under 30 (37%) – say they regularly get news from influencers on social media.</li> <li>News influencers are most likely to be found on the social media site X, where 85% have a presence. But many also are on other social media sites, such as Instagram (where 50% have an account) and YouTube (44%).</li> <li>Slightly more news influencers explicitly identify as Republican, conservative or pro-Donald Trump (27% of news influencers) than Democratic, liberal or pro-Kamala Harris (21%).</li> <li>A clear majority of news influencers are men (63%).</li> <li>Most (77%) have no affiliation or background with a news organization.</li> </ul> <h3 data-is-chapter="true" data-wp-context="{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;how-many-americans-get-news-from-influencers-and-what-is-their-experience&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/table-of-contents&quot;}" data-wp-on-document--scroll="callbacks.watchForChapterScroll" class="wp-block-heading" id="how-many-americans-get-news-from-influencers-and-what-is-their-experience">How many Americans get news from influencers, and what is their experience?</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image alignright size-310-wide"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/?attachment_id=191630"><img data-dominant-color="e9e5e6" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #e9e5e6;" decoding="async" width="620" height="726" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-01.png?w=310" alt="Bar chart showing almost 4 in 10 U.S. adults under 30 get news from news influencers" class="wp-image-191630 not-transparent" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-01.png 620w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-01.png?resize=256,300 256w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-01.png?resize=346,405 346w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-01.png?resize=200,234 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-01.png?resize=260,304 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-01.png?resize=310,363 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-01.png?resize=420,492 420w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-01.png?resize=160,187 160w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-01.png?resize=320,375 320w" sizes="(max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px" /></a></figure> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>About one-in-five U.S. adults (21%) say they regularly get news from news influencers on social media, </strong>according to a survey of 10,658 Americans conducted in summer 2024. This is especially common among younger adults: 37% of those ages 18 to 29 say they regularly get news from influencers. But there are <strong>minimal differences between Republicans and Democrats on this question.</strong></li> <li>Among Americans who get news from news influencers on social media, most (65%) say news influencers have <strong>helped them better understand current events and civic issues.</strong> And seven-in-ten say the news they get from news influencers is <strong>at least somewhat different from the news they get from other sources.</strong> Far fewer (31%) say they feel a personal connection to a news influencer.</li> <li>These Americans also say they get a variety of different types of information, from <strong>basic facts</strong> and <strong>opinions</strong> to <strong>funny posts</strong> and <strong>breaking news.</strong> When it comes to opinions, most who see them say they are an even mix of opinions they agree and disagree with (61%), but <strong>far more say they mostly agree with what they see (30%) than mostly disagree (2%).</strong></li> </ul> <p><em>Jump to more findings from <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/">the survey of U.S. adults</a>, or a broader analysis of </em><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/fact-sheet/social-media-and-news-fact-sheet/"><em>Americans’ news habits on social media</em></a><em>.</em></p> <h3 data-is-chapter="true" data-wp-context="{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;most-news-influencers-are-on-multiple-sites-but-x-is-the-most-common&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/table-of-contents&quot;}" data-wp-on-document--scroll="callbacks.watchForChapterScroll" class="wp-block-heading" id="most-news-influencers-are-on-multiple-sites-but-x-is-the-most-common">Most news influencers are on multiple sites, but X is the most common</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image alignright size-200-wide"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/?attachment_id=191631"><img data-dominant-color="edebeb" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #edebeb;" decoding="async" width="400" height="1184" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-02.png?w=346" alt="Bar chart showing more news influencers are on X than any other site" class="wp-image-191631 not-transparent" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-02.png 400w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-02.png?resize=101,300 101w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-02.png?resize=346,1024 346w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-02.png?resize=137,405 137w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-02.png?resize=200,592 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-02.png?resize=260,770 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-02.png?resize=310,918 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-02.png?resize=108,320 108w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-02.png?resize=216,640 216w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></a></figure> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>Far more of the news influencers in our study have an account on X than any other social media site:</strong> 85% are on the site, compared with 50% who are on Instagram, the next-most popular site.</li> <li>At the same time, it is common for influencers to have a cross-site presence to maximize their audience.<strong> About two-thirds of news influencers in the study are on more than one site,</strong> including 27% who are on five or more sites.</li> <li>Many influencers also share content through podcasts (34%) or newsletters (22%). And across sites, <strong>a majority of news influencers (59%) monetize their online presence</strong> in some way, whether through subscriptions, donations or merchandise sales.</li> </ul> <p><em>Jump to more basic details about <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-we-created-a-list-of-popular-news-influencers-and-where-they-post/#where-are-news-influencers-found">where news influencers are posting</a>.</em></p> <h3 data-is-chapter="true" data-wp-context="{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;news-influencers-are-mostly-men-more-explicitly-identify-as-right-leaning-than-left-leaning&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/table-of-contents&quot;}" data-wp-on-document--scroll="callbacks.watchForChapterScroll" class="wp-block-heading" id="news-influencers-are-mostly-men-more-explicitly-identify-as-right-leaning-than-left-leaning">News influencers are mostly men; more explicitly identify as right-leaning than left-leaning</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image alignright size-310-wide"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/?attachment_id=191632"><img data-dominant-color="eeecec" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #eeecec;" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="620" height="908" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-03.png?w=620" alt="Bar chart showing more news influencers explicitly identify as right-leaning than left-leaning" class="wp-image-191632 not-transparent" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-03.png 620w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-03.png?resize=205,300 205w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-03.png?resize=277,405 277w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-03.png?resize=200,293 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-03.png?resize=260,381 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-03.png?resize=310,454 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-03.png?resize=420,615 420w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-03.png?resize=160,234 160w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-03.png?resize=320,469 320w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px" /></a></figure> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list"> <li>Among the news influencers in our sample, <strong>men outnumber women by a roughly two-to-one margin:</strong> 63% of influencers are men, compared with 30% who are women. (The remainder either are nonbinary or their gender could not be determined by researchers.)</li> <li>Many Republicans have <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2024/04/29/americans-views-of-technology-companies-2/#political-censorship-and-bias-in-big-tech">long believed that social media sites censor conservative viewpoints</a>. But overall,<strong> more news influencers explicitly present a politically right-leaning orientation than a left-leaning one</strong> (27% vs. 21%) in their account bios, posts, websites or media coverage. About half of influencers do not express any clear political orientation. Influencers on Facebook are particularly likely to prominently express right-leaning views: There are three times as many explicitly conservative news influencers (39%) as liberal ones (13%) on the site.</li> <li><strong>Nearly one-in-five news influencers (18%) share part of their identity or beliefs beyond their political orientation,</strong> such as expressing support for a specific political cause or value through words, images or emojis on their account page. Among the most common expressions are LGBTQ+ identity or support (6%) or being pro-Palestinian (5%).</li> </ul> <p><em>Jump to more information on <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-profile-of-news-influencers-gender-politics-and-more/">the personal characteristics of news influencers</a>.</em></p> <h3 data-is-chapter="true" data-wp-context="{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;how-news-influencers-on-tiktok-differ-from-those-on-other-sites&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/table-of-contents&quot;}" data-wp-on-document--scroll="callbacks.watchForChapterScroll" class="wp-block-heading" id="how-news-influencers-on-tiktok-differ-from-those-on-other-sites">How news influencers on TikTok differ from those on other sites</h3> <p>While many news influencers are on multiple sites, there is also a different mix of influencers on each site. A closer look at five major social media sites, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, X and YouTube, finds that news influencers on TikTok – a <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/09/17/more-americans-regularly-get-news-on-tiktok-especially-young-adults/">fast-growing destination for news</a> in the U.S. – stand out from those on other sites in the following ways:&nbsp;</p> <figure class="wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/?attachment_id=191633"><img data-dominant-color="ddd1c8" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #ddd1c8;" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="904" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?w=840" alt="Bar chart showing a minimal gender gap among news influencers on TikTok compared with other sites" class="wp-image-191633 not-transparent" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png 840w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=279,300 279w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=768,827 768w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=376,405 376w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=200,215 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=260,280 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=310,334 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=420,452 420w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=640,689 640w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=740,796 740w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=160,172 160w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-04.png?resize=320,344 320w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px" /></a></figure> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>Gender: </strong>TikTok has the smallest gender gap: 50% of news influencers on TikTok are men, while 45% are women. On all other sites, men outnumber women by a roughly two-to-one margin or more.</li> <li><strong>Political 0rientation:</strong> TikTok also stands out as the only site of the five where news influencers who explicitly identify as right-leaning (25% of TikTok news influencers) do not outnumber those who publicly express a left-leaning political ideology (28%).</li> <li><strong>Values and identities:</strong> News influencers on TikTok are more likely than those on other sites to show support for LGBTQ+ rights or identify as LGBTQ+ in their account profiles (13%).</li> </ul> <h3 data-is-chapter="true" data-wp-context="{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;how-are-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-different-from-those-who-haven-t&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/table-of-contents&quot;}" data-wp-on-document--scroll="callbacks.watchForChapterScroll" class="wp-block-heading" id="how-are-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-different-from-those-who-haven-t">How are news influencers who have worked for news organizations different from those who haven’t?</h3> <p><strong>News influencers largely offer independent voices from outside the news media.</strong> About three-quarters of news influencers (77%) have no past or present affiliation with a news media organization, while 23% have been employed in the news industry in some way.</p> <div class="wp-block-group alignright is-style-callout is-style-300-wide has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading" id="how-we-define-news-organization-affiliation">How we define ‘news organization affiliation’</h4> <p>Researchers categorized all news influencers based on whether they are currently or were previously employed by a news organization (or freelancers who regularly contributed to news organizations).</p> <p>The list of news organizations that people in this category work for (or used to work for) is broad, ranging from long-standing newspapers to cable news channels to newer digital outlets. News organizations are defined as all outlets with a staff and multiple bylines. Researchers considered affiliated influencers to have this background regardless of their news organization’s political orientation, audience size or primary publishing method (digital, TV, print, etc.).</p> </div> <p>Those in the latter category include influencers who are currently affiliated with any news outlet (digital, TV, print, etc.), those who formerly worked in the news industry before becoming an independent influencer, and freelancers who have regularly contributed to news organizations.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image alignright size-420-wide"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/?attachment_id=191634"><img data-dominant-color="edebeb" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #edebeb;" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="864" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?w=840" alt="Bar chart showing news influencers with a news industry affiliation are less likely to explicitly express a political lean" class="wp-image-191634 not-transparent" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png 840w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=292,300 292w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=768,790 768w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=394,405 394w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=200,206 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=260,267 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=310,319 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=420,432 420w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=640,658 640w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=740,761 740w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=160,165 160w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-05.png?resize=320,329 320w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px" /></a></figure> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>News influencers with a news organization affiliation are less likely to express a clear political orientation:</strong> 64% have no expressed political stance, compared with 44% of those who have never worked for a news organization.</li> <li><strong>When they do explicitly identify with a political orientation, news influencers with links to a news outlet tend to be right-leaning.</strong> A quarter (25%) say they are conservative, Republican or pro-Trump, while just 9% are liberal, Democratic, or pro-Harris or pro-Biden. Among news influencers with no links to a news outlet, roughly equal shares express a right-leaning (27%) and left-leaning (25%) stance.</li> <li><strong>News influencers who are or were affiliated with a news organization also are less likely to identify with specific values and identities</strong> – for example, to indicate they are pro-LGBTQ+ or support Palestinians.</li> <li>Nearly all news influencers who have a news organization affiliation (96%) are on X, compared with a smaller majority of news influencers without that background (82%). In contrast, <strong>news influencers without a news industry affiliation are more likely than those with links to the news industry to have accounts on video-based sites like YouTube and TikTok,</strong> and also are more likely to monetize their content through subscriptions, donations or merchandise.</li> </ul> <p><em>Jump to more details on <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-differ-from-those-who-havent/">how influencers differ based on whether they have a background in the news industry</a>.</em></p> <h3 data-is-chapter="true" data-wp-context="{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;politics-and-the-election-are-by-far-the-most-common-topic-for-news-influencers-in-2024&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/table-of-contents&quot;}" data-wp-on-document--scroll="callbacks.watchForChapterScroll" class="wp-block-heading" id="politics-and-the-election-are-by-far-the-most-common-topic-for-news-influencers-in-2024">Politics and the election are by far the most common topic for news influencers in 2024</h3> <p>To get a sense of what news influencers are posting about, researchers collected all public posts by the 500 news influencers in our sample for three separate weeks in 2024: July 15-21, July 29-Aug. 4 and Aug. 19-25. We then analyzed these posts using a human-validated large language model.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image alignright size-310-wide"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/?attachment_id=191635"><img data-dominant-color="eeecec" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #eeecec;" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="620" height="1332" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png?w=477" alt="Bar chart showing most posts about current events by news influencers across three weeks in summer 2024 focused on politics" class="wp-image-191635 not-transparent" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png 620w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png?resize=140,300 140w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png?resize=477,1024 477w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png?resize=189,405 189w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png?resize=200,430 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png?resize=260,559 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png?resize=310,666 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png?resize=420,902 420w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png?resize=149,320 149w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_0-06.png?resize=298,640 298w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px" /></a></figure> <p>News influencers post about a wide range of topics. In fact, most of the posts by the news influencers in our sample during the three weeks (57%) could not be directly tied to current events or civic issues. (This may in part be a result of examining each post out of context, and not including images in the analysis.)</p> <p>Some of the key findings from looking at <strong>the</strong> <strong>43% of the posts that were confirmed to be about current events or civic issues:</strong></p> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list"> <li>Among the posts that referenced current events or civic issues, <strong>more than half (55%) were about politics, government or the presidential election.</strong> This includes posts that were specifically about the first assassination attempt on Donald Trump (5%), the Democratic National Convention (4%), the Republican National Convention (3%) or President Joe Biden’s withdrawal from the race (2%). For most news influencers (58%), politics, government or the election was the most common post topic.</li> <li>Beyond U.S. politics in general, <strong>18% of posts focused on social issues,</strong> including race, LGBTQ+ issues and abortion. A similar share of posts <strong>(14%) were about international issues,</strong> including the Israel-Hamas war (7%).</li> <li>The posts each week reflect the events going on at the time. Posts from July 15 to 21 were more likely than other weeks to be about the first assassination attempt on Trump on July 13 (10% of posts), the RNC, held from July 15 to 18 (6%), and Biden dropping out of the race on July 21 (5%). And posts from Aug. 19 to 25 were especially likely to be about the DNC, which was held that week (11%).</li> <li>Across all weeks, there was some variation across sites in which topics were discussed more or less often. For instance, the <strong>Israel-Hamas war was discussed more on Instagram than any other site</strong> (14% of Instagram posts, followed by 8% of X posts), while U.S. politics was a less common topic on Instagram than other sites. Politics and the election were discussed in a particularly high share of posts on YouTube (68%).</li> </ul> <p><em>Jump to the <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-closer-look-at-the-topics-of-news-influencers-posts/">full analysis of topics being discussed by news influencers</a>.</em></p> <div class="wp-block-group alignright is-style-callout is-style-300-wide has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading" id="other-pew-research-center-studies-on-social-media">Other Pew Research Center studies on social media</h4> <p>This study is the latest in our ongoing investigation into the news and information Americans are seeing on social media.</p> <p>For our related research, read:</p> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list has-sans-serif-font-family has-small-label-font-size"> <li><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/fact-sheet/social-media-and-news-fact-sheet/">Social media and news fact sheet</a></li> <li>How Americans <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/06/12/how-americans-get-news-on-tiktok-x-facebook-and-instagram/">get news</a> and <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2024/06/12/how-americans-navigate-politics-on-tiktok-x-facebook-and-instagram/">navigate politics</a> on social media</li> <li><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2020/09/28/many-americans-get-news-on-youtube-where-news-organizations-and-independent-producers-thrive-side-by-side/">The news environment on YouTube</a></li> <li>The role of <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2022/10/06/the-role-of-alternative-social-media-in-the-news-and-information-environment/">alternative social media</a> in the news and information ecosystem</li> <li>The landscape of information, entertainment and politics on <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2022/06/16/politics-on-twitter-one-third-of-tweets-from-u-s-adults-are-political/">Twitter</a> and <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/data-labs/2024/10/08/who-u-s-adults-follow-on-tiktok/">TikTok</a></li> </ul> </div> <p>The rest of this report looks at these findings in greater detail. One section dives into the <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/">opinions and experiences of Americans who regularly get news from influencers</a>. Others include a brief overview of <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-we-created-a-list-of-popular-news-influencers-and-where-they-post/">how we created the list of news influencers and where they are posting content</a>, an analysis of <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-profile-of-news-influencers-gender-politics-and-more/">their gender and political orientation</a>, and an overview of the <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-differ-from-those-who-havent/">differences between news influencers who have worked for news organizations and those who have not</a>.</p> <p>Finally, one section looks in more detail at <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-closer-look-at-the-topics-of-news-influencers-posts/">the topics discussed by news influencers</a>, and five additional sections profile news influencers on each of the major sites studied: <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-facebook/">Facebook</a>, <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-instagram/">Instagram</a>, <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-tiktok/">TikTok</a>, <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-x-formerly-twitter/">X (formerly Twitter)</a> and <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-youtube/">YouTube</a>.</p> </div></div> <div class="wp-elements-17f3adb4bfa156389c1c1a0942266380 wp-block-prc-block-report-pagination has-text-color has-white-color has-background has-white-background-color is-layout-flex wp-block-prc-block-report-pagination-is-layout-flex"> <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/" rel="prefetch" class="wp-block-prc-block-report-pagination__next-post-button has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-ui-beige-light-background-color" alt="Go to the next post in this report: Next: Americans’ experiences with social media news influencers" style="box-shadow: inset 0 3px 4px -2px var(--wp--preset--color--ui-beige-very-dark)"> Next: Americans’ experiences with social media news influencers </a> <div class="common-block-style__pagination__container"> <div class="common-block-style__pagination"> <span class="is-disabled common-block-style__pagination__pagination-previous">&larr; Prev Page</span> <div class="common-block-style__pagination__pagination-numbers"> <span class="has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-white-background-color has-border-color has-border-ui-gray-light-color has-hover-background has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background has-active-white-background-color common-block-style__pagination__page-numbers is-active" title="America’s News Influencers">1</span> <a href='https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/' class="has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-white-background-color has-border-color has-border-ui-gray-light-color has-hover-background has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background has-active-white-background-color common-block-style__pagination__page-numbers" title="1. Americans’ experiences with social media news influencers">2</a> <a href='https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-we-created-a-list-of-popular-news-influencers-and-where-they-post/' class="has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-white-background-color has-border-color has-border-ui-gray-light-color has-hover-background has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background has-active-white-background-color common-block-style__pagination__page-numbers" title="2. How we created a list of popular news influencers, and where they post">3</a> <a href='https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-profile-of-news-influencers-gender-politics-and-more/' class="has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-white-background-color has-border-color has-border-ui-gray-light-color has-hover-background has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background has-active-white-background-color common-block-style__pagination__page-numbers" title="3. A profile of news influencers: Gender, politics and more">4</a> <a href='https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-differ-from-those-who-havent/' class="has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-white-background-color has-border-color has-border-ui-gray-light-color has-hover-background has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background has-active-white-background-color common-block-style__pagination__page-numbers" title="4. How news influencers who have worked for news organizations differ from those who haven’t">5</a> <a href='https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-closer-look-at-the-topics-of-news-influencers-posts/' class="has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-white-background-color has-border-color has-border-ui-gray-light-color has-hover-background has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background has-active-white-background-color common-block-style__pagination__page-numbers" title="5. A closer look at the topics of news influencers’ posts">6</a> <span class="common-block-style__pagination__page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a href='https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-e-validation-of-gpt-4-topic-classification/' class="has-text-color has-ui-black-color has-background has-white-background-color has-border-color has-border-ui-gray-light-color has-hover-background has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background has-active-white-background-color common-block-style__pagination__page-numbers" title="Appendix E: Validation of GPT-4 topic classification">18</a> </div> <a class="common-block-style__pagination__pagination-next"href='https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/'>Next Page &rarr;</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="is-style-standard has-icon has-form is-style-standard wp-block-prc-block-promo has-background has-ui-gray-very-light-background-color 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srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/02/SR_24.02.07_social-media-news_crop.png?w=194&#038;h=110&#038;crop=1" width="194" height="110" alt=""> </picture> </a> <h2 class="header medium light"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/02/07/many-americans-find-value-in-getting-news-on-social-media-but-concerns-about-inaccuracy-have-risen/">Many Americans find value in getting news on social media, but concerns about inaccuracy have risen</a></h2> </article> </div></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-group is-style-baseball-card is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading baseball-card__heading is-style-section-header has-ui-text-color-color has-text-color has-sans-serif-font-family has-large-font-size" id="most-popular" style="margin-right:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-left:0;padding-right:0;padding-left:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0px;text-transform:none">Most Popular</h3> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-28 wp-block-group-is-layout-flow has-interior-divider has-ui-gray-light-interior-divider-color" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"><aside class="wp-block-prc-block-popular-story"><div class="big-number">1</div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/11/22/most-americans-say-undocumented-immigrants-should-be-able-to-stay-legally-under-certain-conditions/" class="title">Most Americans say undocumented immigrants should be able to stay legally under certain conditions</a></aside> <aside class="wp-block-prc-block-popular-story"><div class="big-number">2</div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/11/22/public-narrowly-approves-of-trumps-plans-most-are-skeptical-he-will-unify-the-country/" class="title">Public Narrowly Approves of Trump’s Plans; Most Are Skeptical He Will Unify the Country</a></aside> <aside class="wp-block-prc-block-popular-story"><div class="big-number">3</div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americas-news-influencers/" class="title">America’s News Influencers</a></aside> <aside class="wp-block-prc-block-popular-story"><div class="big-number">4</div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/11/19/views-of-dei-have-become-slightly-more-negative-among-us-workers/" class="title">Views of DEI have become slightly more negative among U.S. workers</a></aside> <aside class="wp-block-prc-block-popular-story"><div class="big-number">5</div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/11/21/the-vast-majority-of-americans-celebrate-thanksgiving-but-their-traditions-and-activities-vary-widely/" class="title">The vast majority of Americans celebrate Thanksgiving, but their traditions and activities vary widely</a></aside></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding-bottom:0rem;" class="is-vertically-aligned-top column2-desktop-grid__span-4 column2-tablet-grid__span-4 column2-mobile-grid__span-4 wp-block-prc-block-grid-column is-layout-flow wp-block-prc-block-grid-column-is-layout-flow"> <div style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;" class="common-block-style--baseball-card align-to__column-divider wp-elements-903fc9535867291117c0dd5483bcf2ee wp-block-prc-block-report-materials"><div class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__heading has-text-color has-ui-white-color has-background has-ui-black-background-color"><h2>Report Materials</h2></div> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-report-materials__list" role="list" style="--block-gap: 0;"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-materials__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color flex-align-center" data-material-type="report"><i class="icon icon-library__solid icon__file"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/solid.svg#file"></use></svg></i><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_report.pdf" target="_blank">Report PDF</a></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-materials__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color flex-align-center" data-material-type="topline"><i class="icon icon-library__solid icon__clipboard"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/solid.svg#clipboard"></use></svg></i><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_topline.pdf" target="_blank">Topline</a></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-materials__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color flex-align-center" data-material-type="questionnaire"><i class="icon icon-library__solid icon__clipboard"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/solid.svg#clipboard"></use></svg></i><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/11/PJ_2024.11.18_news-influencers_questionnaire.pdf" target="_blank">Questionnaire</a></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-materials__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color flex-align-center" data-material-type="link"><i class="icon icon-library__solid icon__link"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/solid.svg#link"></use></svg></i><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I8yDiXkwe6M" target="_blank">Video: What is a news influencer?</a></li></ul></div> <div data-hide-on-mobile="true" data-wp-init--sticky="callbacks.onInit" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/core-group&quot;}" class="wp-block-group align-to__column-divider has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained wp-container-13 is-position-sticky" style="margin-bottom:0rem"><div style="line-height:1.1; margin-bottom:0rem;" class="is-style-default wp-elements-42051f50f53ca66f903e903e04fd2156 common-block-style--baseball-card has-text-color has-ui-text-color-color has-background has-white-background-color is-style-default wp-elements-42051f50f53ca66f903e903e04fd2156 wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents has-text-color has-ui-text-color-color has-background has-white-background-color" aria-role="navigation" data-wp-interactive="{&quot;namespace&quot;:&quot;prc-block\/table-of-contents&quot;}" data-wp-context="{&quot;isDropdown&quot;:false,&quot;isDropdownOpen&quot;:false,&quot;autoDropdownEnabled&quot;:false,&quot;autoDropdownWidth&quot;:480,&quot;showCurrentChapter&quot;:true}" data-wp-init="callbacks.onInit" data-wp-class--is-style-dropdown="context.isDropdown" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded="context.isDropdownOpen" data-wp-bind--data-auto-dropdown-enabled="context.autoDropdownEnabled" data-wp-bind--data-auto-dropdown-width="context.autoDropdownWidth" data-wp-on-window--resize="callbacks.onResize" data-wp-on-window--click="callbacks.onWindowClick"><div class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__heading has-text-color has-white-color has-background has-ui-black-background-color"><h2>Table of Contents</h2></div> <div class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__dropdown__heading has-text-color has-ui-text-color-color has-background has-white-background-color" data-wp-on--click="actions.onDropdownClick"><h2>Table of Contents</h2><button class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__dropdown-trigger"><span data-wp-bind--hidden="context.isDropdownOpen"><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__plus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#plus"></use></svg></i></span><span data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.isDropdownOpen"><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__minus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#minus"></use></svg></i></span></button></div> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list" role="list" style="--block-gap: var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color is-active" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americas-news-influencers/">America’s News Influencers</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#how-many-americans-get-news-from-influencers-and-what-is-their-experience"><a href="#how-many-americans-get-news-from-influencers-and-what-is-their-experience">How many Americans get news from influencers, and what is their experience?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#most-news-influencers-are-on-multiple-sites-but-x-is-the-most-common"><a href="#most-news-influencers-are-on-multiple-sites-but-x-is-the-most-common">Most news influencers are on multiple sites, but X is the most common</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#news-influencers-are-mostly-men-more-explicitly-identify-as-right-leaning-than-left-leaning"><a href="#news-influencers-are-mostly-men-more-explicitly-identify-as-right-leaning-than-left-leaning">News influencers are mostly men; more explicitly identify as right-leaning than left-leaning</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#how-news-influencers-on-tiktok-differ-from-those-on-other-sites"><a href="#how-news-influencers-on-tiktok-differ-from-those-on-other-sites">How news influencers on TikTok differ from those on other sites</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#how-are-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-different-from-those-who-haven-t"><a href="#how-are-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-different-from-those-who-haven-t">How are news influencers who have worked for news organizations different from those who haven’t?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#politics-and-the-election-are-by-far-the-most-common-topic-for-news-influencers-in-2024"><a href="#politics-and-the-election-are-by-far-the-most-common-topic-for-news-influencers-in-2024">Politics and the election are by far the most common topic for news influencers in 2024</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/">1. Americans’ experiences with social media news influencers</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-types-of-information-do-americans-get-from-news-influencers"><a href="#what-types-of-information-do-americans-get-from-news-influencers">What types of information do Americans get from news influencers?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#americans-connections-with-news-influencers"><a href="#americans-connections-with-news-influencers">Americans’ connections with news influencers</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#political-ideology-linked-with-differing-views-on-news-influencers"><a href="#political-ideology-linked-with-differing-views-on-news-influencers">Political ideology linked with differing views on news influencers</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#young-adults-more-likely-to-see-content-from-news-influencers-as-helpful-unique"><a href="#young-adults-more-likely-to-see-content-from-news-influencers-as-helpful-unique">Young adults more likely to see content from news influencers as helpful, unique</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-we-created-a-list-of-popular-news-influencers-and-where-they-post/">2. How we created a list of popular news influencers, and where they post</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#where-are-news-influencers-found"><a href="#where-are-news-influencers-found">Where are news influencers found?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#other-ways-news-influencers-connect-with-their-audiences"><a href="#other-ways-news-influencers-connect-with-their-audiences">Other ways news influencers connect with their audiences</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-profile-of-news-influencers-gender-politics-and-more/">3. A profile of news influencers: Gender, politics and more</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#gender"><a href="#gender">Gender</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#political-orientation"><a href="#political-orientation">Political orientation</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#values-and-identities"><a href="#values-and-identities">Values and identities</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-differ-from-those-who-havent/">4. How news influencers who have worked for news organizations differ from those who haven’t</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#news-influencers-from-the-news-industry-are-more-reserved-in-expressing-political-views"><a href="#news-influencers-from-the-news-industry-are-more-reserved-in-expressing-political-views">News influencers from the news industry are more reserved in expressing political views</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#news-influencers-who-have-not-worked-for-a-news-organization-are-more-likely-to-be-on-video-sites-and-manage-fan-communities"><a href="#news-influencers-who-have-not-worked-for-a-news-organization-are-more-likely-to-be-on-video-sites-and-manage-fan-communities">News influencers who have not worked for a news organization are more likely to be on video sites and manage fan communities</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-closer-look-at-the-topics-of-news-influencers-posts/">5. A closer look at the topics of news influencers’ posts</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#news-influencers-often-respond-to-the-news-of-the-day"><a href="#news-influencers-often-respond-to-the-news-of-the-day">News influencers often respond to the news of the day</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#how-topics-vary-across-social-media-sites"><a href="#how-topics-vary-across-social-media-sites">How topics vary across social media sites</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-influencers-most-common-topics"><a href="#what-are-influencers-most-common-topics">What are influencers’ most common topics?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-facebook/">6. News influencers on Facebook</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-facebook-news-influencers-posting-about"><a href="#what-are-facebook-news-influencers-posting-about">What are Facebook news influencers posting about?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-other-sites-are-facebook-news-influencers-on"><a href="#what-other-sites-are-facebook-news-influencers-on">What other sites are Facebook news influencers on?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-instagram/">7. News influencers on Instagram</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-instagram-news-influencers-posting-about"><a href="#what-are-instagram-news-influencers-posting-about">What are Instagram news influencers posting about?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-other-sites-are-instagram-news-influencers-on"><a href="#what-other-sites-are-instagram-news-influencers-on">What other sites are Instagram news influencers on?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-tiktok/">8. News influencers on TikTok</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-tiktok-news-influencers-posting-about"><a href="#what-are-tiktok-news-influencers-posting-about">What are TikTok news influencers posting about?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-other-sites-are-tiktok-news-influencers-on"><a href="#what-other-sites-are-tiktok-news-influencers-on">What other sites are TikTok news influencers on?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-x-formerly-twitter/">9. News influencers on X (formerly Twitter)</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-news-influencers-on-x-posting-about"><a href="#what-are-news-influencers-on-x-posting-about">What are news influencers on X posting about?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-other-sites-are-x-news-influencers-on"><a href="#what-other-sites-are-x-news-influencers-on">What other sites are X news influencers on?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-youtube/">10. News influencers on YouTube</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-are-youtube-news-influencers-posting-about"><a href="#what-are-youtube-news-influencers-posting-about">What are YouTube news influencers posting about?</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#what-other-sites-are-youtube-news-influencers-on"><a href="#what-other-sites-are-youtube-news-influencers-on">What other sites are YouTube news influencers on?</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-acknowledgments/">Acknowledgments</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-methodology/">Methodology</a> <ul class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#survey"><a href="#survey">Survey</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#the-american-trends-panel-survey-methodology"><a href="#the-american-trends-panel-survey-methodology">The American Trends Panel survey methodology</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#analysis-of-news-influencers"><a href="#analysis-of-news-influencers">Analysis of news influencers</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item" data-wp-class--is-active="callbacks.isListItemActive" data-ref-value="#analysis-of-posts-from-news-influencers"><a href="#analysis-of-posts-from-news-influencers">Analysis of posts from news influencers</a> </li></ul></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-a-news-influencers-studied/">Appendix A: News influencers studied</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-b-detailed-tables-for-analysis-of-sample-of-news-influencers/">Appendix B: Detailed tables for analysis of sample of news influencers</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-c-detailed-tables-for-analysis-of-sampled-posts-from-news-influencers/">Appendix C: Detailed tables for analysis of sampled posts from news influencers</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-d-gpt-4-topic-classification-instructions/">Appendix D: GPT-4 Topic classification instructions</a> </li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item wp-block-prc-block-table-of-contents__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color" ><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-e-validation-of-gpt-4-topic-classification/">Appendix E: Validation of GPT-4 topic classification</a> </li></ul></div></div> </div> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-template-part"> <div id="site-footer" class="wp-block-group prc-block-theme-site-footer has-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-36 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="border-top-color:var(--wp--preset--color--ui-gray-light);border-top-width:1px;border-bottom-color:var(--wp--preset--color--ui-gray-light);border-bottom-width:1px;margin-top:1rem;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div style="--grid-gutter: var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);" class="has-divider 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more explicitly identify as right-leaning than left-leaning","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americas-news-influencers/#news-influencers-are-mostly-men-more-explicitly-identify-as-right-leaning-than-left-leaning"},{"id":"how-news-influencers-on-tiktok-differ-from-those-on-other-sites","title":"How news influencers on TikTok differ from those on other sites","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americas-news-influencers/#how-news-influencers-on-tiktok-differ-from-those-on-other-sites"},{"id":"how-are-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-different-from-those-who-haven-t","title":"How are news influencers who have worked for news organizations different from those who haven’t?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americas-news-influencers/#how-are-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-different-from-those-who-haven-t"},{"id":"politics-and-the-election-are-by-far-the-most-common-topic-for-news-influencers-in-2024","title":"Politics and the election are by far the most common topic for news influencers in 2024","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americas-news-influencers/#politics-and-the-election-are-by-far-the-most-common-topic-for-news-influencers-in-2024"}]},{"id":191510,"title":"1. Americans’ experiences with social media news influencers","slug":"americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"what-types-of-information-do-americans-get-from-news-influencers","title":"What types of information do Americans get from news influencers?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/#what-types-of-information-do-americans-get-from-news-influencers"},{"id":"americans-connections-with-news-influencers","title":"Americans’ connections with news influencers","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/#americans-connections-with-news-influencers"},{"id":"political-ideology-linked-with-differing-views-on-news-influencers","title":"Political ideology linked with differing views on news influencers","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/#political-ideology-linked-with-differing-views-on-news-influencers"},{"id":"young-adults-more-likely-to-see-content-from-news-influencers-as-helpful-unique","title":"Young adults more likely to see content from news influencers as helpful, unique","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/americans-experiences-with-social-media-news-influencers/#young-adults-more-likely-to-see-content-from-news-influencers-as-helpful-unique"}]},{"id":191514,"title":"2. How we created a list of popular news influencers, and where they post","slug":"how-we-created-a-list-of-popular-news-influencers-and-where-they-post","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-we-created-a-list-of-popular-news-influencers-and-where-they-post/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"where-are-news-influencers-found","title":"Where are news influencers found?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-we-created-a-list-of-popular-news-influencers-and-where-they-post/#where-are-news-influencers-found"},{"id":"other-ways-news-influencers-connect-with-their-audiences","title":"Other ways news influencers connect with their audiences","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-we-created-a-list-of-popular-news-influencers-and-where-they-post/#other-ways-news-influencers-connect-with-their-audiences"}]},{"id":191517,"title":"3. A profile of news influencers: Gender, politics and more","slug":"a-profile-of-news-influencers-gender-politics-and-more","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-profile-of-news-influencers-gender-politics-and-more/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"gender","title":"Gender","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-profile-of-news-influencers-gender-politics-and-more/#gender"},{"id":"political-orientation","title":"Political orientation","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-profile-of-news-influencers-gender-politics-and-more/#political-orientation"},{"id":"values-and-identities","title":"Values and identities","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-profile-of-news-influencers-gender-politics-and-more/#values-and-identities"}]},{"id":191521,"title":"4. How news influencers who have worked for news organizations differ from those who haven’t","slug":"how-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-differ-from-those-who-havent","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-differ-from-those-who-havent/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"news-influencers-from-the-news-industry-are-more-reserved-in-expressing-political-views","title":"News influencers from the news industry are more reserved in expressing political views","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-differ-from-those-who-havent/#news-influencers-from-the-news-industry-are-more-reserved-in-expressing-political-views"},{"id":"news-influencers-who-have-not-worked-for-a-news-organization-are-more-likely-to-be-on-video-sites-and-manage-fan-communities","title":"News influencers who have not worked for a news organization are more likely to be on video sites and manage fan communities","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/how-news-influencers-who-have-worked-for-news-organizations-differ-from-those-who-havent/#news-influencers-who-have-not-worked-for-a-news-organization-are-more-likely-to-be-on-video-sites-and-manage-fan-communities"}]},{"id":191523,"title":"5. A closer look at the topics of news influencers’ posts","slug":"a-closer-look-at-the-topics-of-news-influencers-posts","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-closer-look-at-the-topics-of-news-influencers-posts/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"news-influencers-often-respond-to-the-news-of-the-day","title":"News influencers often respond to the news of the day","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-closer-look-at-the-topics-of-news-influencers-posts/#news-influencers-often-respond-to-the-news-of-the-day"},{"id":"how-topics-vary-across-social-media-sites","title":"How topics vary across social media sites","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-closer-look-at-the-topics-of-news-influencers-posts/#how-topics-vary-across-social-media-sites"},{"id":"what-are-influencers-most-common-topics","title":"What are influencers’ most common topics?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/a-closer-look-at-the-topics-of-news-influencers-posts/#what-are-influencers-most-common-topics"}]},{"id":191526,"title":"6. News influencers on Facebook","slug":"news-influencers-on-facebook","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-facebook/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"what-are-facebook-news-influencers-posting-about","title":"What are Facebook news influencers posting about?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-facebook/#what-are-facebook-news-influencers-posting-about"},{"id":"what-other-sites-are-facebook-news-influencers-on","title":"What other sites are Facebook news influencers on?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-facebook/#what-other-sites-are-facebook-news-influencers-on"}]},{"id":191529,"title":"7. News influencers on Instagram","slug":"news-influencers-on-instagram","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-instagram/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"what-are-instagram-news-influencers-posting-about","title":"What are Instagram news influencers posting about?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-instagram/#what-are-instagram-news-influencers-posting-about"},{"id":"what-other-sites-are-instagram-news-influencers-on","title":"What other sites are Instagram news influencers on?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-instagram/#what-other-sites-are-instagram-news-influencers-on"}]},{"id":191532,"title":"8. News influencers on TikTok","slug":"news-influencers-on-tiktok","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-tiktok/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"what-are-tiktok-news-influencers-posting-about","title":"What are TikTok news influencers posting about?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-tiktok/#what-are-tiktok-news-influencers-posting-about"},{"id":"what-other-sites-are-tiktok-news-influencers-on","title":"What other sites are TikTok news influencers on?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-tiktok/#what-other-sites-are-tiktok-news-influencers-on"}]},{"id":191534,"title":"9. News influencers on X (formerly Twitter)","slug":"news-influencers-on-x-formerly-twitter","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-x-formerly-twitter/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"what-are-news-influencers-on-x-posting-about","title":"What are news influencers on X posting about?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-x-formerly-twitter/#what-are-news-influencers-on-x-posting-about"},{"id":"what-other-sites-are-x-news-influencers-on","title":"What other sites are X news influencers on?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-x-formerly-twitter/#what-other-sites-are-x-news-influencers-on"}]},{"id":191536,"title":"10. News influencers on YouTube","slug":"news-influencers-on-youtube","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-youtube/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"what-are-youtube-news-influencers-posting-about","title":"What are YouTube news influencers posting about?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-youtube/#what-are-youtube-news-influencers-posting-about"},{"id":"what-other-sites-are-youtube-news-influencers-on","title":"What other sites are YouTube news influencers on?","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-on-youtube/#what-other-sites-are-youtube-news-influencers-on"}]},{"id":191541,"title":"Acknowledgments","slug":"news-influencers-acknowledgments","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-acknowledgments/","internal_chapters":[]},{"id":191544,"title":"Methodology","slug":"news-influencers-methodology","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-methodology/","internal_chapters":[{"id":"survey","title":"Survey","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-methodology/#survey"},{"id":"the-american-trends-panel-survey-methodology","title":"The American Trends Panel survey methodology","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-methodology/#the-american-trends-panel-survey-methodology"},{"id":"analysis-of-news-influencers","title":"Analysis of news influencers","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-methodology/#analysis-of-news-influencers"},{"id":"analysis-of-posts-from-news-influencers","title":"Analysis of posts from news influencers","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/news-influencers-methodology/#analysis-of-posts-from-news-influencers"}]},{"id":191567,"title":"Appendix A: News influencers studied","slug":"appendix-a-news-influencers-studied","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-a-news-influencers-studied/","internal_chapters":[]},{"id":191569,"title":"Appendix B: Detailed tables for analysis of sample of news influencers","slug":"appendix-b-detailed-tables-for-analysis-of-sample-of-news-influencers","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-b-detailed-tables-for-analysis-of-sample-of-news-influencers/","internal_chapters":[]},{"id":191571,"title":"Appendix C: Detailed tables for analysis of sampled posts from news influencers","slug":"appendix-c-detailed-tables-for-analysis-of-sampled-posts-from-news-influencers","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-c-detailed-tables-for-analysis-of-sampled-posts-from-news-influencers/","internal_chapters":[]},{"id":191573,"title":"Appendix D: GPT-4 Topic classification instructions","slug":"appendix-d-gpt-4-topic-classification-instructions","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-d-gpt-4-topic-classification-instructions/","internal_chapters":[]},{"id":191576,"title":"Appendix E: Validation of GPT-4 topic classification","slug":"appendix-e-validation-of-gpt-4-topic-classification","link":"https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2024/11/18/appendix-e-validation-of-gpt-4-topic-classification/","internal_chapters":[]}],"currentChapter":null,"enableWatchForChapterScroll":false,"postId":191502,"chaptersWatchList":[]},"prc-block/mailchimp-form":{"0b023ccb626d5f1fe7c756b41b637590":{"value":"","type":"email","required":false,"name":null,"isHidden":null,"isDisabled":null,"isError":null,"isSuccess":null,"isProcessing":null},"core-button-9":{"isHidden":false,"isDisabled":false,"isError":false,"isSuccess":false,"isProcessing":false,"text":"Sign Up","originalText":"Sign Up"},"08f5782b115daec0c2027f69b9012912":{"value":"","type":"text","required":false,"name":"email","isHidden":null,"isDisabled":null,"isError":null,"isSuccess":null,"isProcessing":null},"core-button-11":{"isHidden":false,"isDisabled":false,"isError":false,"isSuccess":false,"isProcessing":false,"text":"Sign Up","originalText":"Sign Up"}}}} </script> <script id="wp-block-template-skip-link-js-after"> ( function() { var skipLinkTarget = document.querySelector( 'main' ), sibling, skipLinkTargetID, skipLink; // Early exit if a skip-link target can't be located. if ( ! 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