CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Bulk Viscous Bianchi Type V Cosmological Model</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Bulk Viscous Bianchi Type V Cosmological Model"> <meta name="keywords" content="Bulk Viscous Bianchi Type V Cosmological Model"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Bulk Viscous Bianchi Type V Cosmological Model" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Bulk Viscous Bianchi Type V Cosmological Model"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 22921</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Bulk Viscous Bianchi Type V Cosmological Model</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22921</span> Bulk Viscous Bianchi Type V Cosmological Model with Time Dependent Gravitational Constant and Cosmological Constant in General Relativity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reena%20Behal">Reena Behal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20P.%20Shukla"> D. P. Shukla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we investigate Bulk Viscous Bianchi Type V Cosmological Model with Time dependent gravitational constant and cosmological constant in general Relativity by assuming ξ(t)=ξ_(0 ) p^m where ξ_(0 ) and m are constants. We also assume a variation law for Hubble parameter as H(R) = a (R^(-n)+1), where a>0, n>1 being constant. Two universe models were obtained, and their physical behavior has been discussed. When n=1 the Universe starts from singular state whereas when n=0 the cosmology follows a no singular state. The presence of bulk viscosity increase matter density’s value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model" title="Bulk Viscous Bianchi Type V Cosmological Model">Bulk Viscous Bianchi Type V Cosmological Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hubble%20constants" title=" hubble constants"> hubble constants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravitational%20constant" title=" gravitational constant"> gravitational constant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmological%20constants" title=" cosmological constants"> cosmological constants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78768/bulk-viscous-bianchi-type-v-cosmological-model-with-time-dependent-gravitational-constant-and-cosmological-constant-in-general-relativity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22920</span> Bianchi Type- I Viscous Fluid Cosmological Models with Stiff Matter and Time Dependent Λ- Term</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajendra%20Kumar%20Dubey">Rajendra Kumar Dubey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Einstein’s field equations with variable cosmological term Λ are considered in the presence of viscous fluid for Bianchi type I space time. Exact solutions of Einstein’s field equations are obtained by assuming cosmological term Λ Proportional to (R is a scale factor and m is constant). We observed that the shear viscosity is found to be responsible for faster removal of initial anisotropy in the universe. The physical significance of the cosmological models has also been discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bianchi%20type" title="bianchi type">bianchi type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I%20cosmological%20model" title=" I cosmological model"> I cosmological model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20fluid" title=" viscous fluid"> viscous fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmological%20constant%20%CE%9B" title=" cosmological constant Λ"> cosmological constant Λ</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28301/bianchi-type-i-viscous-fluid-cosmological-models-with-stiff-matter-and-time-dependent-l-term" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">528</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22919</span> On Bianchi Type Cosmological Models in Lyra’s Geometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Dubey">R. K. Dubey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bianchi type cosmological models have been studied on the basis of Lyra’s geometry. Exact solution has been obtained by considering a time dependent displacement field for constant deceleration parameter and varying cosmological term of the universe. The physical behavior of the different models has been examined for different cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bianchi%20type-I%20cosmological%20model" title="Bianchi type-I cosmological model">Bianchi type-I cosmological model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20gravitational%20coupling" title=" variable gravitational coupling"> variable gravitational coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmological%20constant%20term" title=" cosmological constant term"> cosmological constant term</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyra%27s%20model" title=" Lyra's model"> Lyra's model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7581/on-bianchi-type-cosmological-models-in-lyras-geometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22918</span> Particle and Photon Trajectories near the Black Hole Immersed in the Nonstatic Cosmological Background</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20M.%20Kopteva">Elena M. Kopteva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavlina%20Jaluvkova"> Pavlina Jaluvkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zdenek%20Stuchlik"> Zdenek Stuchlik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The question of constructing a consistent model of the cosmological black hole remains to be unsolved and still attracts the interest of cosmologists as far as it is important in a wide set of research problems including the problem of the black hole horizon dynamics, the problem of interplay between cosmological expansion and local gravity, the problem of structure formation in the early universe etc. In this work, the model of the cosmological black hole is built on the basis of the exact solution of the Einstein equations for the spherically symmetric inhomogeneous dust distribution in the approach of the mass function use. Possible trajectories for massive particles and photons near the black hole immersed in the nonstatic dust cosmological background are investigated in frame of the obtained model. The reference system of distant galaxy comoving to cosmological expansion combined with curvature coordinates is used, so that the resulting metric becomes nondiagonal and involves both proper ‘cosmological’ time and curvature spatial coordinates. For this metric the geodesic equations are analyzed for the test particles and photons, and the respective trajectories are built. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exact%20solutions%20for%20Einstein%20equations" title="exact solutions for Einstein equations">exact solutions for Einstein equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi%20solution" title=" Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi solution"> Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmological%20black%20holes" title=" cosmological black holes"> cosmological black holes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20and%20photon%20trajectories" title=" particle and photon trajectories"> particle and photon trajectories</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63353/particle-and-photon-trajectories-near-the-black-hole-immersed-in-the-nonstatic-cosmological-background" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63353.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22917</span> Generalized Chaplygin Gas and Varying Bulk Viscosity in Lyra Geometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Sethi">A. K. Sethi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20N.%20Patra"> R. N. Patra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Nayak"> B. Nayak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we have considered Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) metric with generalized Chaplygin gas which has viscosity in the context of Lyra geometry. The viscosity is considered in two different ways (i.e. zero viscosity, non-constant <em>r</em> (rho)-dependent bulk viscosity) using constant deceleration parameter which concluded that, for a special case, the viscous generalized Chaplygin gas reduces to modified Chaplygin gas. The represented model indicates on the presence of Chaplygin gas in the Universe. Observational constraints are applied and discussed on the physical and geometrical nature of the Universe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20viscosity" title="bulk viscosity">bulk viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lyra%20geometry" title=" lyra geometry"> lyra geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20chaplygin%20gas" title=" generalized chaplygin gas"> generalized chaplygin gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmology" title=" cosmology"> cosmology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105557/generalized-chaplygin-gas-and-varying-bulk-viscosity-in-lyra-geometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22916</span> The Generalized Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi Solutions in Modeling the Cosmological Black Holes </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20M.%20Kopteva">Elena M. Kopteva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavlina%20Jaluvkova"> Pavlina Jaluvkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zdenek%20Stuchlik"> Zdenek Stuchlik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In spite of the numerous attempts to close the discussion about the influence of cosmological expansion on local gravitationally bounded systems, this question arises in literature again and again and remains still far from its final resolution. Here one of the main problems is the problem of obtaining a physically adequate model of strongly gravitating object immersed in non-static cosmological background. Such objects are usually called ‘cosmological’ black holes and are of great interest in wide set of cosmological and astrophysical areas. In this work the set of new exact solutions of the Einstein equations is derived for the flat space that generalizes the known Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi solution for the case of nonzero pressure. The solutions obtained are pretending to describe the black hole immersed in nonstatic cosmological background and give a possibility to investigate the hot problems concerning the effects of the cosmological expansion in gravitationally bounded systems, the structure formation in the early universe, black hole thermodynamics and other related problems. It is shown that each of the solutions obtained contains either the Reissner-Nordstrom or the Schwarzschild black hole in the central region of the space. It is demonstrated that the approach of the mass function use in solving of the Einstein equations allows clear physical interpretation of the resulting solutions, that is of much benefit to any their concrete application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exact%20solutions%20of%20the%20Einstein%20equations" title="exact solutions of the Einstein equations">exact solutions of the Einstein equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmological%20black%20holes" title=" cosmological black holes"> cosmological black holes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi%20solutions" title=" generalized Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi solutions"> generalized Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonzero%20pressure" title=" nonzero pressure"> nonzero pressure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63654/the-generalized-lemaitre-tolman-bondi-solutions-in-modeling-the-cosmological-black-holes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63654.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22915</span> Solitons and Universes with Acceleration Driven by Bulk Particles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20C.%20Amaro%20de%20Faria%20Jr">A. C. Amaro de Faria Jr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Canone"> A. M. Canone</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering a scenario where our universe is taken as a 3d domain wall embedded in a 5d dimensional Minkowski space-time, we explore the existence of a richer class of solitonic solutions and their consequences for accelerating universes driven by collisions of bulk particle excitations with the walls. In particular it is shown that some of these solutions should play a fundamental role at the beginning of the expansion process. We present some of these solutions in cosmological scenarios that can be applied to models that describe the inflationary period of the Universe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solitons" title="solitons">solitons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topological%20defects" title=" topological defects"> topological defects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=branes" title=" branes"> branes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinks" title=" kinks"> kinks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerating%20universes%20in%20brane%20scenarios" title=" accelerating universes in brane scenarios"> accelerating universes in brane scenarios</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111907/solitons-and-universes-with-acceleration-driven-by-bulk-particles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111907.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22914</span> 3D Microbubble Dynamics in a Weakly Viscous Fluid Near a Rigid Boundary Subject to Ultrasound</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Manmi">K. Manmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q.%20X.%20Wang"> Q. X. Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates microbubble dynamics subject to ultrasound in a weakly viscous fluid near a rigid boundary. The phenomenon is simulated using a boundary integral method. The weak viscous effects are incorporated into the model through the normal stress balance across the bubble surface. The model agrees well with the Rayleigh-Plesset equation for a spherical bubble for several cycles. The effects of the fluid viscosity in the bubble dynamics are analyzed, including jet development, centroid movement and bubble volume. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbubble%20dynamics" title="microbubble dynamics">microbubble dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bubble%20jetting" title=" bubble jetting"> bubble jetting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20effect" title=" viscous effect"> viscous effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20integral%20method" title=" boundary integral method"> boundary integral method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12981/3d-microbubble-dynamics-in-a-weakly-viscous-fluid-near-a-rigid-boundary-subject-to-ultrasound" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">483</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22913</span> Temperature-Dependent Structural Characterization of Type-II Dirac Semi-Metal nite₂ From Bulk to Exfoliated Thin Flakes Using Raman Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minna%20Theres%20James">Minna Theres James</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nirmal%20K%20Sebastian"> Nirmal K Sebastian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shoubhik%20Mandal"> Shoubhik Mandal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pramita%20Mishra"> Pramita Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%20Ganesan"> R Ganesan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P%20S%20Anil%20Kumar"> P S Anil Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report the temperature-dependent evolution of Raman spectra of type-II Dirac semimetal (DSM) NiTe2 (001) in the form of bulk single crystal and a nanoflake (200 nm thick) for the first time. A physical model that can quantitatively explain the evolution of out of plane A1g and in-plane E1g Raman modes is used. The non-linear variation of peak positions of the Raman modes with temperature is explained by anharmonic three-phonon and four-phonon processes along with thermal expansion of the lattice. We also observe prominent effect of electron-phonon coupling from the variation of FWHM of the peaks with temperature, indicating the metallicity of the samples. Raman mode E1 1g corresponding to an in plane vibration disappears on decreasing the thickness from bulk to nanoflake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=raman%20spectroscopy" title="raman spectroscopy">raman spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%202%20dirac%20semimetal" title=" type 2 dirac semimetal"> type 2 dirac semimetal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel%20telluride" title=" nickel telluride"> nickel telluride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phonon-phonon%20coupling" title=" phonon-phonon coupling"> phonon-phonon coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20phonon%20coupling" title=" electron phonon coupling"> electron phonon coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition%20metal%20dichalcogonide" title=" transition metal dichalcogonide"> transition metal dichalcogonide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148958/temperature-dependent-structural-characterization-of-type-ii-dirac-semi-metal-nite2-from-bulk-to-exfoliated-thin-flakes-using-raman-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22912</span> Effect of Viscous Dissipation and Axial Conduction in Thermally Developing Region of the Channel Partially Filled with a Porous Material Subjected to Constant Wall Heat Flux</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D%20Bhargavi">D Bhargavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Sharath%20Kumar%20Reddy"> J. Sharath Kumar Reddy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present investigation has been undertaken to assess the effect of viscous dissipation and axial conduction on forced convection heat transfer in the entrance region of a parallel plate channel with the porous insert attached to both walls of the channel. The flow field is unidirectional. Flow in the porous region corresponds to Darcy-Brinkman model and the clear fluid region to that of plane Poiseuille flow. The effects of the parameters Darcy number, <em>Da</em>, Peclet number, <em>Pe</em>, Brinkman number, <em>Br</em> and a porous fraction <em>γ<sub>p</sub></em> on the local heat transfer coefficient are analyzed graphically. Effects of viscous dissipation employing the Darcy model and the clear fluid compatible model have been studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20material" title="porous material">porous material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20partially%20filled%20with%20a%20porous%20material" title=" channel partially filled with a porous material"> channel partially filled with a porous material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20conduction" title=" axial conduction"> axial conduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20dissipation" title=" viscous dissipation"> viscous dissipation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114671/effect-of-viscous-dissipation-and-axial-conduction-in-thermally-developing-region-of-the-channel-partially-filled-with-a-porous-material-subjected-to-constant-wall-heat-flux" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22911</span> Flow Characteristic Analysis for Hatch Type Air Vent Head of Bulk Cargo Ship by Computational Fluid Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanik%20Park">Hanik Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyungsook%20Jeon"> Kyungsook Jeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suchul%20Shin"> Suchul Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youngchul%20Park"> Youngchul Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The air vent head prevents the inflow of seawater into the cargo holds when it is used for the ballast tank on heavy weather. In this study, the flow characteristics and the grid size were created by the application of Computational Fluid Dynamics by taking into the consideration of comparison of test results. Then, the accuracy of the analysis was verified by comparing with experimental results. Based on this analysis, accurate turbulence model and grid size can be selected. Thus, the design characteristic of air vent head for bulk carrier contributes the reliability based on the research results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20carrier" title="bulk carrier">bulk carrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title=" FEM"> FEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SST" title=" SST"> SST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vent" title=" vent"> vent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50159/flow-characteristic-analysis-for-hatch-type-air-vent-head-of-bulk-cargo-ship-by-computational-fluid-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">518</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22910</span> Life Cycle Cost Evaluation of Structures Retrofitted with Damped Cable System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asad%20Naeem">Asad Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Nour%20Eldin"> Mohamed Nour Eldin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinkoo%20Kim"> Jinkoo Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the seismic performance and life cycle cost (LCC) are evaluated of the structure retrofitted with the damped cable system (DCS). The DCS is a seismic retrofit system composed of a high-strength steel cable and pressurized viscous dampers. The analysis model of the system is first derived using various link elements in SAP2000, and fragility curves of the structure retrofitted with the DCS and viscous dampers are obtained using incremental dynamic analyses. The analysis results show that the residual displacements of the structure equipped with the DCS are smaller than those of the structure with retrofitted with only conventional viscous dampers, due to the enhanced stiffness/strength and self-centering capability of the damped cable system. The fragility analysis shows that the structure retrofitted with the DCS has the least probability of reaching the specific limit states compared to the bare structure and the structure with viscous damper. It is also observed that the initial cost of the DCS method required for the seismic retrofit is smaller than that of the structure with viscous dampers and that the LCC of the structure equipped with the DCS is smaller than that of the structure with viscous dampers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damped%20cable%20system" title="damped cable system">damped cable system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fragility%20curve" title=" fragility curve"> fragility curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20cost" title=" life cycle cost"> life cycle cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20retrofit" title=" seismic retrofit"> seismic retrofit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-centering" title=" self-centering"> self-centering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77662/life-cycle-cost-evaluation-of-structures-retrofitted-with-damped-cable-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">550</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22909</span> Resolution and Experimental Validation of the Asymptotic Model of a Viscous Laminar Supersonic Flow around a Thin Airfoil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eddegdag%20Nasser">Eddegdag Nasser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naamane%20Azzeddine"> Naamane Azzeddine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radouani%20Mohammed"> Radouani Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ensam%20Meknes"> Ensam Meknes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we are interested in the asymptotic modeling of the two-dimensional stationary supersonic flow of a viscous compressible fluid around wing airfoil. The aim of this article is to solve the partial differential equations of the flow far from the leading edge and near the wall using the triple-deck technique is what brought again in precision according to the principle of least degeneration. In order to validate our theoretical model, these obtained results will be compared with the experimental results. The comparison of the results of our model with experimentation has shown that they are quantitatively acceptable compared to the obtained experimental results. The experimental study was conducted using the AF300 supersonic wind tunnel and a NACA Reduced airfoil model with two pressure Taps on extrados. In this experiment, we have considered the incident upstream supersonic Mach number over a dissymmetric NACA airfoil wing. The validation and the accuracy of the results support our model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supersonic" title="supersonic">supersonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous" title=" viscous"> viscous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triple%20deck%20technique" title=" triple deck technique"> triple deck technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymptotic%20methods" title=" asymptotic methods"> asymptotic methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AF300%20supersonic%20wind%20tunnel" title=" AF300 supersonic wind tunnel"> AF300 supersonic wind tunnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduced%20airfoil%20model" title=" reduced airfoil model"> reduced airfoil model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141179/resolution-and-experimental-validation-of-the-asymptotic-model-of-a-viscous-laminar-supersonic-flow-around-a-thin-airfoil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22908</span> Classification of Cosmological Wormhole Solutions in the Framework of General Relativity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usamah%20Al-Ali">Usamah Al-Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We explore the effect of expanding space on the exoticity of the matter supporting a traversable Lorentzian wormhole of zero radial tide whose line element is given by ds2 = dt^2 − a^2(t)[ dr^2/(1 − kr2 −b(r)/r)+ r2dΩ^2 in the context of General Relativity. This task is achieved by deriving the Einstein field equations for anisotropic matter field corresponding to the considered cosmological wormhole metric and performing a classification of their solutions on the basis of a variable equations of state (EoS) of the form p = ω(r)ρ. Explicit forms of the shape function b(r) and the scale factor a(t) arising in the classification are utilized to construct the corresponding energy-momentum tensor where the energy conditions for each case is investigated. While the violation of energy conditions is inevitable in case of static wormholes, the classification we performed leads to interesting solutions in which this violation is either reduced or eliminated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=general%20relativity" title="general relativity">general relativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Einstein%20field%20equations" title=" Einstein field equations"> Einstein field equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20conditions" title=" energy conditions"> energy conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmological%20wormhole" title=" cosmological wormhole"> cosmological wormhole</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150239/classification-of-cosmological-wormhole-solutions-in-the-framework-of-general-relativity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22907</span> Transient/Steady Natural Convective Flow of Reactive Viscous Fluid in Vertical Porous Pipe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20K.%20Samaila">Ahmad K. Samaila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basant%20K.%20Jha"> Basant K. Jha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the effects of suction/injection of transient/steady natural convection flow of reactive viscous fluid in a vertical porous pipe. The mathematical model capturing the time dependent flow of viscous reactive fluid is solved using implicit finite difference method while the corresponding steady state model is solved using regular perturbation technique. Results of analytical and numerical solutions are reported for various parametric conditions to illustrate special features of the solutions. The coefficient of skin friction and rate of heat transfer are obtained and illustrated graphically. The numerical solution is shown to be in excellent agreement with the closed form analytical solution. It is interesting to note that time required to reach steady state is higher in case of injection in comparison to suction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20pipe" title="porous pipe">porous pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20viscous%20fluid" title=" reactive viscous fluid"> reactive viscous fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20natural-convective%20flow" title=" transient natural-convective flow"> transient natural-convective flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20solution" title=" analytical solution"> analytical solution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14191/transientsteady-natural-convective-flow-of-reactive-viscous-fluid-in-vertical-porous-pipe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22906</span> Using Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) for Extracting Acoustic Microwaves (Bulk Acoustic Waves) in Piezoelectric Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafdaoui%20Hichem">Hafdaoui Hichem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehadjebia%20Cherifa"> Mehadjebia Cherifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benatia%20Djamel"> Benatia Djamel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a new method for Bulk detection of an acoustic microwave signal during the propagation of acoustic microwaves in a piezoelectric substrate (Lithium Niobate LiNbO3). We have used the classification by probabilistic neural network (PNN) as a means of numerical analysis in which we classify all the values of the real part and the imaginary part of the coefficient attenuation with the acoustic velocity in order to build a model from which we note the Bulk waves easily. These singularities inform us of presence of Bulk waves in piezoelectric materials. By which we obtain accurate values for each of the coefficient attenuation and acoustic velocity for Bulk waves. This study will be very interesting in modeling and realization of acoustic microwaves devices (ultrasound) based on the propagation of acoustic microwaves. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezoelectric%20material" title="piezoelectric material">piezoelectric material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probabilistic%20neural%20network%20%28PNN%29" title=" probabilistic neural network (PNN)"> probabilistic neural network (PNN)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20microwaves" title=" acoustic microwaves"> acoustic microwaves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20waves" title=" bulk waves"> bulk waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20attenuation%20coefficient" title=" the attenuation coefficient"> the attenuation coefficient</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43264/using-probabilistic-neural-network-pnn-for-extracting-acoustic-microwaves-bulk-acoustic-waves-in-piezoelectric-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22905</span> Shaking Table Test and Seismic Performance Evaluation of Spring Viscous Damper Cable System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asad%20Naeem">Asad Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinkoo%20Kim"> Jinkoo Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research proposes a self-centering passive damping system consisting of a spring viscous damper linked with a preloaded tendon. The seismic performance of the spring viscous damper is evaluated by pseudo-dynamic tests, and the results are used for the formulation of an analytical model of the damper in the structural analysis program. The shaking table tests of a two-story steel frame installed with the proposed damping system are carried out using five different earthquake records. The results from the shaking table tests are verified by numerical simulation of the retrofitted structure. The results obtained from experiments and numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed damping system with self-centering capability is effective in reducing earthquake-induced displacement and member forces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20retrofit" title="seismic retrofit">seismic retrofit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spring%20viscous%20damper" title=" spring viscous damper"> spring viscous damper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shaking%20table%20test" title=" shaking table test"> shaking table test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake%20resistant%20structures" title=" earthquake resistant structures"> earthquake resistant structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97455/shaking-table-test-and-seismic-performance-evaluation-of-spring-viscous-damper-cable-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22904</span> Covariance and Quantum Cosmology: A Comparison of Two Matter Clocks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Theodore%20Halnon">Theodore Halnon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Bojowald"> Martin Bojowald</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In relativity, time is relative between reference frames. However, quantum mechanics requires a specific time coordinate in order to write an evolution equation for wave functions. This difference between the two theories leads to the problem of time in quantum gravity. One method to study quantum relativity is to interpret the dynamics of a matter field as a clock. In order to test the relationship between different reference frames, an isotropic cosmological model with two matter ingredients is introduced. One is given by a scalar field and one by vacuum energy or a cosmological constant. There are two matter fields, and thus two different Hamiltonians are derived from the respective clock rates. Semi-classical solutions are found for these equations and a comparison is made of the physical predictions that they imply. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmology" title="cosmology">cosmology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deparameterization" title=" deparameterization"> deparameterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=general%20relativity" title=" general relativity"> general relativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20mechanics" title=" quantum mechanics"> quantum mechanics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55135/covariance-and-quantum-cosmology-a-comparison-of-two-matter-clocks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22903</span> Vibration Analysis of Pendulum in a Viscous Fluid by Analytical Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arash%20Jafari">Arash Jafari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Taghaddosi"> Mehdi Taghaddosi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azin%20Parvin"> Azin Parvin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a vibrational differential equation governing on swinging single-degree-of-freedom pendulum in a viscous fluid has been investigated. The damping process is characterized according to two different regimes: at first, damping in stationary viscous fluid, in the second, damping in flowing viscous fluid with constant velocity. Our purpose is to enhance the ability of solving the mentioned nonlinear differential equation with a simple and innovative approach. Comparisons are made between new method and Numerical Method (rkf45). The results show that this method is very effective and simple and can be applied for other nonlinear problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oscillating%20systems" title="oscillating systems">oscillating systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angular%20frequency%20and%20damping%20ratio" title=" angular frequency and damping ratio"> angular frequency and damping ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pendulum%20at%20fluid" title=" pendulum at fluid"> pendulum at fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locus%20of%20maximum" title=" locus of maximum"> locus of maximum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58354/vibration-analysis-of-pendulum-in-a-viscous-fluid-by-analytical-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22902</span> Analytical Investigation of Viscous and Non-Viscous Fluid Particles in a Restricted Region Using Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf">Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20I."> S. I.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saba"> Saba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A."> A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olaoye"> Olaoye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20O."> D. O.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20J.%20A."> Ibrahim J. A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahaya%20H.%20M."> Yahaya H. M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatto%20A.%20O"> Jatto A. O</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technology has been applied in several ways to provide vital information about petro-physical properties of reservoirs. However, due to the need to study the molecular behaviours of particles of the fluids in different restricted media, diffusion magnetic resonance equation is hereby applied in spherical coordinates and solved analytically using the method of separation of variables and solution of Legendre equation by Frobenius method. The viscous fluid considered in this research work is unused oil while the non-viscous fluid is water. The results obtained show that water begins to manifest appreciable change at radial adjustment value of 10 and Magnetization of 2.31191995400015x1014 and relaxes finally at 2.30x1014 at radial adjustment value of 1. On the other hand, unused engine oil begins to manifest its changes at radial adjustment value of 40 and Magnetization of 1.466557018x1014and relaxes finally at 1.48x1014 at radial adjustment value of 5. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20and%20non-viscous%20fluid" title="viscous and non-viscous fluid">viscous and non-viscous fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restricted%20medium" title=" restricted medium"> restricted medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relaxation%20times" title=" relaxation times"> relaxation times</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coefficient%20of%20diffusion" title=" coefficient of diffusion"> coefficient of diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168225/analytical-investigation-of-viscous-and-non-viscous-fluid-particles-in-a-restricted-region-using-diffusion-magnetic-resonance-imaging-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22901</span> Investigating Viscous Surface Wave Propagation Modes in a Finite Depth Fluid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arash%20Ghahraman">Arash Ghahraman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyula%20Bene"> Gyula Bene</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The object of this study is to investigate the effect of viscosity on the propagation of free-surface waves in an incompressible viscous fluid layer of arbitrary depth. While we provide a more detailed study of properties of linear surface waves, the description of fully nonlinear waves in terms of KdV-like (Korteweg-de Vries) equations is discussed. In the linear case, we find that in shallow enough fluids, no surface waves can propagate. Even in any thicker fluid layers, propagation of very short and very long waves is forbidden. When wave propagation is possible, only a single propagating mode exists for any given horizontal wave number. The numerical results show that there can be two types of non-propagating modes. One type is always present, and there exist still infinitely many of such modes at the same parameters. In contrast, there can be zero, one or two modes belonging to the other type. Another significant feature is that KdV-like equations. They describe propagating nonlinear viscous surface waves. Since viscosity gives rise to a new wavenumber that cannot be small at the same time as the original one, these equations may not exist. Nonetheless, we propose a reasonable nonlinear description in terms of 1+1 variate functions that make possible successive approximations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20surface%20wave" title="free surface wave">free surface wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20waves" title=" water waves"> water waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KdV%20equation" title=" KdV equation"> KdV equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112217/investigating-viscous-surface-wave-propagation-modes-in-a-finite-depth-fluid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112217.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22900</span> Comparison for Some Elastic and Mechanical Properties of Plutonium Dioxide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Guler">M. Guler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Guler"> E. Guler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report some elastic parameters of cubic fluorite type neptunium dioxide (NpO2) with a recent EAM type interatomic potential through geometry optimization calculations. Typical cubic elastic constants, bulk modulus, shear modulus, young modulus and other relevant elastic parameters were also calculated during research. After calculations, we have compared our results with the available theoretical data. Our results agree well with the previous theoretical findings of the considered quantities of NpO2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NpO2" title="NpO2">NpO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20properties" title=" elastic properties"> elastic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20modulus" title=" bulk modulus"> bulk modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35281/comparison-for-some-elastic-and-mechanical-properties-of-plutonium-dioxide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35281.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22899</span> Numerical investigation of Hydrodynamic and Parietal Heat Transfer to Bingham Fluid Agitated in a Vessel by Helical Ribbon Impeller</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Baccar">Mounir Baccar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20Gammoudi"> Amel Gammoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Ayadi"> Abdelhak Ayadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficient mixing of highly viscous fluids is required for many industries such as food, polymers or paints production. The homogeneity is a challenging operation for this fluids type since they operate at low Reynolds number to reduce the required power of the used impellers. Particularly, close-clearance impellers, mainly helical ribbons, are chosen for highly viscous fluids agitated in laminar regime which is currently heated through vessel wall. Indeed, they are characterized by high shear strains closer to the vessel wall, which causes a disturbing thermal boundary layer and ensures the homogenization of the bulk volume by axial and radial vortices. The hydrodynamic and thermal behaviors of Newtonian fluids in vessels agitated by helical ribbon impellers, has been mostly studied by many researchers. However, rarely researchers investigated numerically the agitation of yield stress fluid by means of helical ribbon impellers. This paper aims to study the effect of the Double Helical Ribbon (DHR) stirrers on both the hydrodynamic and the thermal behaviors of yield stress fluids treated in a cylindrical vessel by means of numerical simulation approach. For this purpose, continuity, momentum, and thermal equations were solved by means of 3D finite volume technique. The effect of Oldroyd (Od) and Reynolds (Re) numbers on the power (Po) and Nusselt (Nu) numbers for the mentioned stirrer type have been studied. Also, the velocity and thermal fields, the dissipation function and the apparent viscosity have been presented in different (r-z) and (r-θ) planes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bingham%20fluid" title="Bingham fluid">Bingham fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hydrodynamic%20and%20thermal%20behavior" title=" Hydrodynamic and thermal behavior"> Hydrodynamic and thermal behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helical%20ribbon" title=" helical ribbon"> helical ribbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixing" title=" mixing"> mixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20modelling" title=" numerical modelling"> numerical modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57711/numerical-investigation-of-hydrodynamic-and-parietal-heat-transfer-to-bingham-fluid-agitated-in-a-vessel-by-helical-ribbon-impeller" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57711.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22898</span> On the Strong Solutions of the Nonlinear Viscous Rotating Stratified Fluid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Giniatoulline">A. Giniatoulline</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A nonlinear model of the mathematical fluid dynamics which describes the motion of an incompressible viscous rotating fluid in a homogeneous gravitational field is considered. The model is a generalization of the known Navier-Stokes system with the addition of the Coriolis parameter and the equations for changeable density. An explicit algorithm for the solution is constructed, and the proof of the existence and uniqueness theorems for the strong solution of the nonlinear problem is given. For the linear case, the localization and the structure of the spectrum of inner waves are also investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galerkin%20method" title="Galerkin method">Galerkin method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navier-Stokes%20equations" title=" Navier-Stokes equations"> Navier-Stokes equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20partial%20differential%20equations" title=" nonlinear partial differential equations"> nonlinear partial differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sobolev%20spaces" title=" Sobolev spaces"> Sobolev spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stratified%20fluid" title=" stratified fluid"> stratified fluid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52024/on-the-strong-solutions-of-the-nonlinear-viscous-rotating-stratified-fluid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22897</span> Numerical Investigation of Al2O3/Water Nanofluid Heat Transfer in a Microtube with Viscous Dissipation Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Misagh%20Irandoost%20Shahrestani">Misagh Irandoost Shahrestani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Shokouhmand"> Hossein Shokouhmand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Kalteh"> Mohammad Kalteh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behrang%20Hasanpour"> Behrang Hasanpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, nanofluid conjugate heat transfer through a microtube with viscous dissipation effect is investigated numerically. The fluid flow is considered as a laminar regime. A constant heat flux is applied on the microtube outer wall and the two ends of its wall are considered adiabatic. Conjugate heat transfer problem is solved and investigated for this geometry. It is shown that viscous dissipation effect which is induced by shear stresses can not be neglected in microtubes. Viscous heating behaves as an energy source in the fluid and affects the temperature distribution. The effect of Reynolds number, particle volume fraction and the nanoparticles diameter on the energy source are investigated and an attempt on establishing suitable equations for assessing the value of the energy source based on Re, Dp and Φ is performed and they are depicted as 3D diagrams. Finally, the significance of viscous dissipation and the influence of these parameters on convective heat transfer coefficient are studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20heat%20transfer%20coefficient" title="convective heat transfer coefficient">convective heat transfer coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microtube" title=" microtube"> microtube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20dissipation" title=" viscous dissipation"> viscous dissipation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15475/numerical-investigation-of-al2o3water-nanofluid-heat-transfer-in-a-microtube-with-viscous-dissipation-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15475.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22896</span> A Benchmark for Some Elastic and Mechanical Properties of Uranium Dioxide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20G%C3%BCler">E. Güler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G%C3%BCler"> M. Güler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present some elastic parameters of cubic fluorite type uranium dioxide (UO2) with a recent EAM type interatomic potential through geometry optimization calculations. Typical cubic elastic constants, bulk modulus, shear modulus, young modulus and other related elastic parameters were calculated during research. After calculations, we compared our results not only with the available theoretical data but also with previous experimental results. Our results are consistent with experiments and compare well the former theoretical results of the considered parameters of UO2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UO2" title="UO2">UO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20constants" title=" elastic constants"> elastic constants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20modulus" title=" bulk modulus"> bulk modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35108/a-benchmark-for-some-elastic-and-mechanical-properties-of-uranium-dioxide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22895</span> A Comparison for Some Elastic and Mechanical Properties of Neptunium Dioxide </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20G%C3%BCler">E. Güler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G%C3%BCler"> M. Güler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report some elastic quantities of cubic fluorite type plutonium dioxide (PuO2) with a recent EAM type interatomic potential through geometry optimization calculations. Typical cubic elastic constants, bulk modulus, shear modulus, young modulus and other related elastic quantities were calculated during present research. After present calculations, we have compared our results with the existing theoretical data of literature. Our results are consistent with previous theoretical findings of the considered parameters of PuO2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PuO2" title="PuO2">PuO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20properties" title=" elastic properties"> elastic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20modulus" title=" bulk modulus"> bulk modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35323/a-comparison-for-some-elastic-and-mechanical-properties-of-neptunium-dioxide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22894</span> Effect of the Tidal Charge Parameter on CMBR Temperature Anisotropies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evariste%20Boj">Evariste Boj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Schee"> Jan Schee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present the temperature anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation due to the inhomogeneity region constructed on a 3-brane in the framework of a Randall-Sundrum one brane immersed into a 5D bulk $AdS_5$ spacetime. We employ the Brane-World Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological model to describe the cosmic expansion on the brane. The inhomogeneity is modeled by the static, spherically symmetric spacetime that replaces the spherically symmetric part of a dust-filled universe and is connected to the FLRW spacetime through the junction conditions. As the vacuum region expands it induces an additional frequency shift to a CMBR photon passing through this inhomogeneity in comparison to the case of a photon propagating through a pure FLRW spacetime. This frequency shift is associated with the effective temperature change of the CMBR in the corresponding direction. We give an estimate of the CMBR effective temperature changes with the change of the value of the tidal charge parameter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMBR" title="CMBR">CMBR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Randall-Sundrum%20model" title=" Randall-Sundrum model"> Randall-Sundrum model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rees-Sciama%20effect" title=" Rees-Sciama effect"> Rees-Sciama effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Braneworld" title=" Braneworld"> Braneworld</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140418/effect-of-the-tidal-charge-parameter-on-cmbr-temperature-anisotropies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22893</span> Finite Element Method Analysis of Occluded-Ear Simulator and Natural Human Ear Canal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sasajima">M. Sasajima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Yamaguchi"> T. Yamaguchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Hu"> Y. Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Koike"> Y. Koike</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we discuss the propagation of sound in the narrow pathways of an occluded-ear simulator typically used for the measurement of insert-type earphones. The simulator has a standardized frequency response conforming to the international standard (IEC60318-4). In narrow pathways, the speed and phase of sound waves are modified by viscous air damping. In our previous paper, we proposed a new finite element method (FEM) to consider the effects of air viscosity in this type of audio equipment. In this study, we will compare the results from the ear simulator FEM model, and those from a three dimensional human ear canal FEM model made from computed tomography images, with the measured frequency response data from the ear canals of 18 people. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ear%20simulator" title="ear simulator">ear simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title=" FEM"> FEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20ear%20canal" title=" human ear canal"> human ear canal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39590/finite-element-method-analysis-of-occluded-ear-simulator-and-natural-human-ear-canal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39590.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22892</span> On the Dwindling Supply of the Observable Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia-Chao%20Wang">Jia-Chao Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) freed during the recombination era can be considered as a photon source of small duration; a one-time event happened everywhere in the universe simultaneously. If space is divided into concentric shells centered at an observer’s location, one can imagine that the CMB photons originated from the nearby shells would reach and pass the observer first, and those in shells farther away would follow as time goes forward. In the Big Bang model, space expands rapidly in a time-dependent manner as described by the scale factor. This expansion results in an event horizon coincident with one of the shells, and its radius can be calculated using cosmological calculators available online. Using Planck 2015 results, its value during the recombination era at cosmological time t = 0.379 million years (My) is calculated to be Revent = 56.95 million light-years (Mly). The event horizon sets a boundary beyond which the freed CMB photons will never reach the observer. The photons within the event horizon also exhibit a peculiar behavior. Calculated results show that the CMB observed today was freed in a shell located at 41.8 Mly away (inside the boundary set by Revent) at t = 0.379 My. These photons traveled 13.8 billion years (Gy) to reach here. Similarly, the CMB reaching the observer at t = 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 Gy are calculated to be originated at shells of R = 16.98, 29.96, 37.79, 46.47, 53.66, 55.91, 56.62, 56.85 and 56.92 Mly, respectively. The results show that as time goes by, the R value approaches Revent = 56.95 Mly but never exceeds it, consistent with the earlier statement that beyond Revent the freed CMB photons will never reach the observer. The difference Revert - R can be used as a measure of the remaining observable CMB photons. Its value becomes smaller and smaller as R approaching Revent, indicating a dwindling supply of the observable CMB radiation. In this paper, detailed dwindling effects near the event horizon are analyzed with the help of online cosmological calculators based on the lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model. It is demonstrated in the literature that assuming the CMB to be a blackbody at recombination (about 3000 K), then it will remain so over time under cosmological redshift and homogeneous expansion of space, but with the temperature lowered (2.725 K now). The present result suggests that the observable CMB photon density, besides changing with space expansion, can also be affected by the dwindling supply associated with the event horizon. This raises the question of whether the blackbody of CMB at recombination can remain so over time. Being able to explain the blackbody nature of the observed CMB is an import part of the success of the Big Bang model. The present results cast some doubts on that and suggest that the model may have an additional challenge to deal with. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blackbody%20of%20CMB" title="blackbody of CMB">blackbody of CMB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMB%20radiation" title=" CMB radiation"> CMB radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dwindling%20supply%20of%20CMB" title=" dwindling supply of CMB"> dwindling supply of CMB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=event%20horizon" title=" event horizon"> event horizon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116653/on-the-dwindling-supply-of-the-observable-cosmic-microwave-background-radiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=764">764</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=765">765</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulk%20Viscous%20Bianchi%20Type%20V%20Cosmological%20Model&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>