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Sex, covert prestige and linguistic change in the urban British English of Norwich | Language in Society | Cambridge Core
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<!----></a></li><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item" data-v-3692cf84><span aria-hidden="true" class="breadcrumbs-wrapper__arrow" data-v-3692cf84>></span><a href="/core/journals/language-in-society/issue/522F5AEA20440105725A8DE8B4CC4651" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-3692cf84><!----><span data-v-63dfaf6e>Volume 1 Issue 2</span> <!----></a></li><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item" data-v-3692cf84><span aria-hidden="true" class="breadcrumbs-wrapper__arrow" data-v-3692cf84>></span><span data-v-3692cf84>Sex, covert prestige and linguistic change in the urban...</span></li></ul></div></div> <div class="language" data-v-3692cf84><ul class="language-switch" data-v-6b1118dd data-v-3692cf84><li aria-label="English" data-v-6b1118dd><span class="language-option current divider" data-v-6b1118dd>English</span></li><li aria-label="Français" data-v-6b1118dd><span role="button" tabindex="0" href="#" lang="fr" class="language-option" data-v-6b1118dd> Français </span></li></ul></div></div></div></div> <div class="container container__modified" data-v-01274b1d><!----> <!----> <div class="row" data-v-01274b1d><div role="complementary" aria-label="table of content" class="column__left" data-v-01274b1d><div class="col journal-container row" data-v-146270e8 data-v-01274b1d><img src="https://static.cambridge.org/covers/LSY_0_0_0/language-in-society.jpg" alt="" class="journal__image" data-v-146270e8> <a href="/core/journals/language-in-society" class="app-link journal__title app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-146270e8><!----><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Language in Society <!----></span> <!----></a> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="separator default" data-v-7036083a data-v-146270e8></div> <!----> <div id="toc" class="table-of-content" data-v-01274b1d><h2>Article contents</h2> <div id="toc-list-wrapper" class="table-of-content__wrapper"><ul id="toc-list" class="list"><li class="list__item"><a href="#sec0" class="list__item__link"><span class="toc-title">Abstract</span></a></li> <!----> <li class="list__item"><a href="#references-list" class="list__item__link"><span class="toc-title">References</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="column__main" data-v-01274b1d><div class="row" data-v-01274b1d><div class="column__main__left" data-v-01274b1d><div id="maincontent" class="col" data-v-862424e6 data-v-01274b1d><!----> <hgroup data-v-862424e6><h1 data-v-862424e6>Sex, covert prestige and linguistic change in the urban British English of Norwich</h1> <!----></hgroup> <!----> <!----> <!----> <!----> <div class="row published-date" data-v-862424e6><p data-v-862424e6> Published online by Cambridge University Press: <strong data-v-862424e6>18 December 2008</strong></p></div> <!----> <!----> <div class="contributors-details" data-v-99f6eb26 data-v-862424e6><div class="row contributors" data-v-99f6eb26><div class="col" data-v-99f6eb26><div class="row contributor-type" data-v-792406ce data-v-99f6eb26><!----> <div class="contributor-type__contributor" data-v-792406ce><a href="/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Peter%20Trudgill&eventCode=SE-AU" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-792406ce><!----><span data-v-63dfaf6e>Peter Trudgill</span> <!----></a> <!----> <span data-v-792406ce></span></div> <!----></div> <!----></div> <div class="col-2 collapse-link" data-v-99f6eb26><a href="#authors-details" data-toggle="collapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="authors-details" class="app-link collapsed app-link__text-icon app-link--secondary reverse" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-99f6eb26><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" alt="" class="app-icon icon arrow-down" data-v-d2c09870 data-v-63dfaf6e><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Show author details <!----></span> <!----></a></div></div> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="separator default" data-v-7036083a data-v-99f6eb26> <dl id="authors-details" class="authors-details collapse" data-v-2edb8da6 data-v-99f6eb26><div data-test-author="Peter Trudgill" class="row author" data-v-2edb8da6><dt class="col-12 col-sm-2 title" data-v-2edb8da6>Peter Trudgill</dt> <dd class="col content d-inline d-sm-flex" data-v-2edb8da6><span class="content__title" data-v-2edb8da6>Affiliation:</span> <div class="d-sm-flex flex-column flex-sm-1 d-inline" data-v-2edb8da6><span data-v-2edb8da6><span data-v-2edb8da6>Department of Linguistic Science, University of Reading</span> </span></div></dd></div> <!----> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="separator default" data-v-7036083a data-v-2edb8da6></dl></div></div> <div id="app-tabs" class="tabs" data-v-1d90c6ce data-v-01274b1d><div id="app-tabs-wrapper" class="tabs__wrapper" data-v-1d90c6ce><div role="navigation" aria-label="tab navigation" class="container" data-v-1d90c6ce><a data-toggle="collapse" href="#appTabs" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="appTabs" class="tabs__collapse 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data-v-7036083a></div> <div class="share-modal-overlay" style="display:none;" data-v-43a4d572><!----></div> <div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#toc" class="scrollspy-content" data-v-43a4d572><!----> <div id="sec0" class="col article-abstract sec" data-v-2fa8b348 data-v-43a4d572><div class="abstract-text-container" data-v-2fa8b348><div lang="en"><h2>Abstract</h2> <div class="no-content" data-v-6723a3bd> Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button. </div> <div class="abstract-content"><div class="abstract" data-abstract-type="normal"><p>Women use linguistic forms associated with the prestige standard more frequently than men. One reason for this is that working-class speech has favourable connotations for male speakers. Favourable attitudes to non-standard speech are not normally expressed, however, and emerge only in inaccurate self-evaluation test responses. Patterns of sex differentiation deviating from the norm indicate that a linguistic change is taking place: standard forms are introduced by middle-class women, non-standard forms by working-class men. (Sociolinguistic variation; linguistic change; women's and men's speech; contextual styles; social class; British English.)</p></div></div> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="abstract-divider separator default" data-v-7036083a></div></div> <!----> <!----> <!----></div> <!----> <!----> <!----> <dl class="article-details" data-v-6e32a161 data-v-43a4d572><div class="row" data-v-6e32a161><dt class="col-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2_5 title" data-v-6e32a161> Type </dt> <dd class="col content" data-v-6e32a161>Articles</dd></div> <div class="row" data-v-6e32a161><dt class="col-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2_5 title" data-v-6e32a161> Information </dt> <dd class="col content" data-v-6e32a161><div class="content__journal" data-v-6e32a161><a href="/core/journals/language-in-society" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><!----><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Language in Society <!----></span> <!----></a> <span data-v-6e32a161> , <a href="/core/journals/language-in-society/volume/98AC8D8539D2F9F87BBAB3B04EBE2565" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><!----><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Volume 1 <!----></span> <!----></a></span> <span data-v-6e32a161> , <a href="/core/journals/language-in-society/issue/522F5AEA20440105725A8DE8B4CC4651" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><!----><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Issue 2 <!----></span> <!----></a></span> <span data-v-6e32a161>, October 1972</span> <!----> <span data-v-6e32a161>, pp. 179 - 195</span> <!----></div> <div class="doi-data" data-v-6e32a161><div data-v-6e32a161>DOI: <a target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047404500000488" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><!----><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047404500000488 <!----></span> <span class="sr-only" data-v-63dfaf6e>[Opens in a new window]</span></a></div> <!----></div> <!----> <!----></dd></div> <!----> <!----> <div class="row" data-v-6e32a161><dt class="col-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2_5 title" data-v-6e32a161> Copyright </dt> <dd class="col content" data-v-6e32a161><div data-v-6e32a161> Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1972 </div></dd></div></dl> <!----> <div id="content-container" class="content-container" data-v-43a4d572><!----> <!----> <!----> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="list-divider separator default" data-v-7036083a> <div id="references-list" class="circle-list"><h2>References</h2> <div id="reference-header-tc85ck" aria-flowto="reference-1-content reference-1-button"><h4> REFERENCES </h4> <div class="circle-list__item__indicator"><!----></div> <div aria-hidden="true" data-test-hidden="true" class="circle-list__item__number"> </div> <div class="circle-list__item__grouped"><div id="reference-1-content" class="circle-list__item__grouped__content"></div></div></div><div id="manual_ref-1" aria-flowto="reference-2-content reference-2-button" class="circle-list__item"><!----> <div class="circle-list__item__indicator"><!----></div> <div aria-hidden="true" data-test-hidden="true" class="circle-list__item__number"> </div> <div class="circle-list__item__grouped"><div id="reference-2-content" class="circle-list__item__grouped__content"><span class="name"><span class="surname">Crystal</span>, <span class="given-names">D.</span></span> (<span class="year">1971</span>). 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195",firstPage:"179",lastPage:"195"},typeDescription:"Articles",resultTypes:[],commentsCount:E,topicsAndSubtopics:e},journal:{id:F,title:i,titleSlug:G,mnemonic:"LSY",titleHistory:[],isFirstView:a,journalSlug:G,isCompanion:a,parentCompanionJournalName:i,associatedParentCollection:e,paymentInfo:{prices:{"£":{price:21,sku:j,skuNew:h,currency:"£"},"€":{price:24,sku:j,skuNew:h,currency:"€"},US$:{price:26,sku:j,skuNew:h,currency:"US$"},AU$:{price:41,sku:j,skuNew:h,currency:"AU$"}}},url:H,firstViewUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Flanguage-in-society\u002Ffirstview",coverUrl:"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic.cambridge.org\u002Fcovers\u002FLSY_0_0_0\u002Flanguage-in-society.jpg",submitMaterialsUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Flanguage-in-society\u002Finformation\u002Fauthor-instructions\u002Fsubmitting-your-materials",hasHistory:a,latestTitle:i,latestId:F,hasPastTitle:a,issue:{id:"522F5AEA20440105725A8DE8B4CC4651",number:I,title:"Issue 2",publishedDate:J,printPublishTimestamp:K,url:L},volume:{id:"98AC8D8539D2F9F87BBAB3B04EBE2565",number:"1",title:"Volume 1",publishedDate:J,printPublishTimestamp:K,url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Flanguage-in-society\u002Fvolume\u002F98AC8D8539D2F9F87BBAB3B04EBE2565"}},abstract:{textAbstracts:[{title:"Abstract",content:"\u003Cdiv class=\"abstract\" data-abstract-type=\"normal\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWomen use linguistic forms associated with the prestige standard more frequently than men. One reason for this is that working-class speech has favourable connotations for male speakers. Favourable attitudes to non-standard speech are not normally expressed, however, and emerge only in inaccurate self-evaluation test responses. Patterns of sex differentiation deviating from the norm indicate that a linguistic change is taking place: standard forms are introduced by middle-class women, non-standard forms by working-class men. (Sociolinguistic variation; linguistic change; women's and men's speech; contextual styles; social class; British English.)\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E",lang:M}]},content:{html:"\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E",tableOfContent:[],footnotes:[],fulltextNotes:[],references:[{item:[],id:"reference-header-tc85ck",title:"REFERENCES",description:b},{id:"manual_ref-1",displayNumber:b,existInContent:a,content:"\u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003ECrystal\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003ED.\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E (\u003Cspan class=\"year\"\u003E1971\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E). Prosodic and paralinguistic correlates of social categories. 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fill="#0072CF" d="M20.4 25.3V15.2h-4.9v2.2h1.1v7.9h-1.1v2.2h6v-2.2h-1.1zm-1.9-11.4c1 0 1.9-1 1.9-2.2 0-1.2-.8-2.2-1.9-2.2s-1.9 1-1.9 2.2c0 1.2.9 2.2 1.9 2.2z"/> </svg> </a> </span> <div id="comment-email-tip_--x--" data-dropdown-content role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="f-dropdown content medium" data-remove-focus="true" aria-label="Email information"> <div class="close-container"> <a href="#" class="button small transparent-no-border radius tooltip-close-btn" id="tooltip-close-link-comment-email-tip_--x--"> <span class="custom-tooltip-button-remove"> <span class="sr-only">Close Email help</span> <svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <defs> <path d="M9.986 0C4.479 0 0 4.434 0 9.916c0 5.469 4.465 9.916 9.986 9.916 5.507 0 9.986-4.433 9.986-9.916C19.958 4.434 15.493 0 9.986 0z" id="a-comment-email-tip_--x--"/> <mask 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