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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lezgiwal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lezgiwal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Lezgiwal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lezgiwal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages_and_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages_and_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Languages and literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages_and_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dances_and_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dances_and_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Dances and music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dances_and_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Traditional_homeland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_homeland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Traditional homeland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_homeland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Azerbaijan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Azerbaijan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Azerbaijan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Azerbaijan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dagestan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dagestan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Dagestan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dagestan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genetics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genetics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Genetics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genetics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Lezgins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Lezgins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable Lezgins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_Lezgins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lezgins</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 62 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86" title="لزجين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لزجين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Курал – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Курал" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C9%99zgil%C9%99r" title="Ləzgilər – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ləzgilər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B2%DA%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="لزگی‌لر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لزگی‌لر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Лезгіны – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лезгіны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Лезгинци – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лезгинци" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgied" title="Lezgied – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lezgied" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesguians" title="Lesguians – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lesguians" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Лезгинсем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Лезгинсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgov%C3%A9" title="Lezgové – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lezgové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezginere" title="Lezginere – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lezginere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesgier" title="Lesgier – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lesgier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesgid" title="Lesgid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lesgid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Λεσγίνοι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λεσγίνοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezguinos" title="Lezguinos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lezguinos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgoj" title="Lezgoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lezgoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgin" title="Lezgin – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lezgin" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B2%DA%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="لزگی‌ها – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لزگی‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezghiens" title="Lezghiens – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lezghiens" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgiler" title="Lezgiler – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Lezgiler" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobo_lezguio" title="Pobo lezguio – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobo lezguio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%A6%88%EA%B8%B4%EC%9D%B8" title="레즈긴인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="레즈긴인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Լեզգիներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեզգիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgini" title="Lezgini – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Lezgini" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Lezgin" title="Orang Lezgin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Orang Lezgin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B0%D0%B4%C3%A6%D0%BC" title="Лекъаг адæм – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Лекъаг адæм" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesghi" title="Lesghi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lesghi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%96%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D" title="לזגינים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לזגינים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ლეზგები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლეზგები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Лезгиндер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Лезгиндер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezg%C3%AEn" title="Lezgîn – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Lezgîn" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Лезгиндер – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Лезгиндер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB" title="Лазгиял – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Лазгиял" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezg%C4%ABni" title="Lezgīni – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lezgīni" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%80" title="Лезгияр – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Лезгияр" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezginai" title="Lezginai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lezginai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgek" title="Lezgek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lezgek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ლეზგეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლეზგეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86" title="لزجين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لزجين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgi%C3%ABrs" title="Lezgiërs – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lezgiërs" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%82%BA%E3%82%AE%E4%BA%BA" title="レズギ人 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レズギ人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%8C%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Лаьзгий – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Лаьзгий" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezginlar" title="Lezginlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Lezginlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9" title="لیزگی لوک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لیزگی لوک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgini" title="Lezgini – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lezgini" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezguianos" title="Lezguianos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lezguianos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Лезгины – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лезгины" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgins" title="Lezgins – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Lezgins" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgins" title="Lezgins – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Lezgins" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Лезгини – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лезгини" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgini" title="Lezgini – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Lezgini" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgit" title="Lezgit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lezgit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezginer" title="Lezginer – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lezginer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Лезгиннар – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Лезгиннар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lezgiler" title="Lezgiler – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lezgiler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Лезгини – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лезгини" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Lezgi" title="Người Lezgi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Lezgi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%85%B9%E9%87%91%E4%BA%BA" title="列兹金人 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="列兹金人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%97%E8%8C%B2%E6%A0%B9%E4%BA%BA" title="列茲根人 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="列茲根人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%97%E8%8C%B2%E9%87%91%E4%BA%BA" title="列茲金人 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="列茲金人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a 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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" 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Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Lezgins</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above nickname" style="font-size:115%; font-weight:normal;"><div lang="lez">Лезгияр; Лекьер</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Lezgian_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Lezgian_flag.svg/250px-Lezgian_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Lezgian_flag.svg/330px-Lezgian_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Lezgian_flag.svg/500px-Lezgian_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="350" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flag used by the Lezgin people</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde,_Volume_14_P._138.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg/250px-Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg/330px-Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg/500px-Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5490" data-file-height="3834" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><1 million<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (January 2025)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a> 416,963<sup id="cite_ref-rus-census_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rus-census-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></th><td class="infobox-data">488,608<sup id="cite_ref-rus-census_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rus-census-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></th><td class="infobox-data">167,570<sup id="cite_ref-azer-census_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-azer-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian language</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (mainly <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de; color:inherit;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Other <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Northeast Caucasian peoples</a>, especially <a href="/wiki/Aghul_people" title="Aghul people">Aghuls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsakhur_people" title="Tsakhur people">Tsakhurs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_people" title="Tabasaran people">Tabasarans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Udi_people" title="Udi people">Udis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rutul_people" title="Rutul people">Rutuls</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lezgins</b> (<a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian</a>: <span lang="lez">Лезгияр</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Lezgian-language romanization"><i lang="lez-Latn">lezgiär</i></span> or <a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian</a>: <span lang="lez">лекьер</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Lezgian-language romanization"><i lang="lez-Latn">leq'er</i></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are a <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Northeast Caucasian</a> ethnic group native predominantly to southern <a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">republic</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, and northeastern <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>, and speak the <a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgin language</a>. Their social structure is firmly based on equality and deference to individuality. Lezgin society is structured around <i>djamaat</i> (<a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian</a>: <span lang="lez">жамаат</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'unions of clans') and has traditionally been egalitarian and organised around many autonomous local clans, called <a href="/wiki/Lezgin_clans" title="Lezgin clans">sykhyls</a> (сихилар). </p><p>The land of the Lezgins has been subject to multiple invaders throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Lezgins has contributed much to the Lezgin community ethos and helped shape its national character. Due to constant attacks from the invaders, the Lezgins have developed a national code of honor and conduct, <a href="/wiki/Lezgiwal" title="Lezgiwal">Lezgiwal</a>, passed down from generation to generation by parents and society. It implies moral and ethical behaviour, generosity and the will to safeguard the honor of women. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <p>The eagle being the Lezgin national animal, the term <i>Lezgi</i> is said to derive from <i>Lek</i>, the Lezgin word for <i>eagle</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others believe <i>Lezgi</i> to be derived from the ancient <i>Legi</i> and early medieval <i>Lakzi</i>. </p><p>Ancient Greek historians, including Herodotus, Strabo, and Pliny the Elder, referred to the <i>Legoi</i> (or <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Λῆχαι</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ancient_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Ancient Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Lē̂chai</i></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> people who inhabited <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Albania" title="Caucasian Albania">Caucasian Albania</a>. </p><p>Arab historians of the 9th and 10th centuries mentioned a kingdom called Lakz, in present-day southern Dagestan.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Al Masoudi referred to inhabitants of this area as Lakzams (Lezgins),<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who defended <a href="/wiki/Shirvanshah" class="mw-redirect" title="Shirvanshah">Shirvan</a> against invaders from the north.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution_(1917)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Revolution (1917)">Russian Revolution</a>, "Lezgin" was a term applied to all ethnic groups inhabiting the present-day Russian <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Dagestan" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Dagestan">Republic of Dagestan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 19th century, the term was used more broadly for all ethnic groups speaking non-<a href="/wiki/Nakh_languages" title="Nakh languages">Nakh</a> <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Northeast Caucasian languages</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Avars" class="mw-redirect" title="Caucasian Avars">Caucasian Avars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lak_people_(Dagestan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lak people (Dagestan)">Laks</a>, and many others (although the <a href="/wiki/Vainakh_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Vainakh peoples">Vainakh peoples</a>, who were Northeast Caucasian language speakers were referred to as "Circassians"). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <p>In the 4th century BC, the numerous tribes speaking <a href="/wiki/Lezgic_languages" title="Lezgic languages">Lezgic languages</a> united in a union of 26 tribes, formed in the Eastern Caucasus state of <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Albania" title="Caucasian Albania">Caucasian Albania</a>, which itself was incorporated in the Persian <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a> in 513 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Chaumont_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chaumont-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Persian and Parthian rule Caucasian Albania was divided into several areas — Lakzi, Shirvan, etc. </p><p>The Lezgic speaking tribes participated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gaugamela" title="Battle of Gaugamela">battle of Gaugamela</a> under the Persian banner against the invading <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chaumont_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chaumont-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under <a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian</a> rule, Iranian political and cultural influence increased in the whole region of their Caucasian Albanian province, therefore including where the Lezgic speaking tribes lived.<sup id="cite_ref-ToumanoffIranica_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToumanoffIranica-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whatever the sporadic suzerainty of Rome of the region due to their wars with the Parthians, the country was now a part—together with Iberia (East Georgia) and (Caucasian) Albania, where other Arsacid branches reigned—of a <a href="/wiki/Arsacid_dynasty_of_Caucasian_Albania" title="Arsacid dynasty of Caucasian Albania">pan-Arsacid</a> family federation.<sup id="cite_ref-ToumanoffIranica_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToumanoffIranica-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Culturally, the predominance of Hellenism, as under the Artaxiads, was now followed by again a predominance of "Iranianism", and, symptomatically, instead of Greek, as before, <a href="/wiki/Parthian_language" title="Parthian language">Parthian</a> became the language of the educated of the region.<sup id="cite_ref-ToumanoffIranica_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToumanoffIranica-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An incursion in this era was made by the <a href="/wiki/Alans" title="Alans">Alans</a> who between 134 and 136 attacked regions including where Lezgic tribes lived, but <a href="/wiki/Vologases_III_of_Parthia" title="Vologases III of Parthia">Vologases</a> persuaded them to withdraw, probably by paying them. </p><p>In 252–253, rule over the Lezgic tribes changed from Parthian to <a href="/wiki/Sassanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanid">Sassanid</a> Persian. Caucasian Albania became a <a href="/wiki/Vassal_state" title="Vassal state">vassal state</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> now of the Sassanids, but retained its monarchy; the Albanian king had no real power and most civil, religious, and military authority lay with the Sassanid <a href="/wiki/Marzban" title="Marzban">marzban</a> (military governor) of the territory.<sup id="cite_ref-Chaumont_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chaumont-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The Roman Empire obtained control over some of the southernmost Lezgin regions for a few years around 300 AD, but then the Sassanid Persians regained control and subsequently dominated the area for centuries until the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Persia" title="Muslim conquest of Persia">Arab invasions</a>.</p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Khanates.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Khanates.jpg/250px-Khanates.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Khanates.jpg/330px-Khanates.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Khanates.jpg/500px-Khanates.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2271" data-file-height="1661" /></a><figcaption>Many Lezgins lived in the Persian-ruled <a href="/wiki/Derbent_khanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Derbent khanate">Derbent khanate</a>, which Russia <a href="/wiki/Russo-Persian_Wars" title="Russo-Persian Wars">occupied and dissolved in 1813</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Although Lezgins were first introduced to <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> perhaps as early as the 8th century, the Lezgins remained primarily animist until the 15th century, when <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> influence became stronger, with <a href="/wiki/Persian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian people">Persian</a> traders coming in from the south, and the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a> increasingly pressing from the north. In the early 16th century, the Persian <a href="/wiki/Safavid_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Safavid Empire">Safavids</a> consolidated their control over large parts of Dagestan for centuries onwards. As a result of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Safavid_War_(1578%E2%80%931590)" title="Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–1590)">Ottoman–Safavid War of 1578–1590</a>, the Ottomans managed to wrest control of the region for a short period of time, until it was regained by the Safavids under king <a href="/wiki/Abbas_I_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbas I of Persia">Abbas I</a> (r. 1588–1629). </p><p>A notable Lezgin from the <a href="/wiki/Safavid_dynasty" title="Safavid dynasty">Safavid Iranian</a> era was <a href="/wiki/Fath-Ali_Khan_Daghestani" title="Fath-Ali Khan Daghestani">Fath-Ali Khan Daghestani</a>, who served as Safavid <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Safavid_Viziers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Safavid Viziers">grand vizier</a></i> from 1716 to 1720, during the reign of king (<i><a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">shah</a></i>) <a href="/wiki/Sultan_Husayn" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Husayn">Sultan Husayn</a> (1694–1722). By the early course of the 18th century, the Safavid Empire was in a state of heavy decline. In 1721, the Lezgins <a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Shamakhi_(1721)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sack of Shamakhi (1721)">sacked and looted</a> the city of <a href="/wiki/Shamakhi" title="Shamakhi">Shamakhi</a>, the provincial capital of <a href="/wiki/Safavid_Shirvan" title="Safavid Shirvan">Shirvan</a>. The Lak Kazi Kumukh Khanate controlled a part of the Lezgins for a time in the 18th century after the disintegration of the <a href="/wiki/Safavid_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Safavid Empire">Safavid Empire</a>. </p><p>In the first half of the 18th century, <a href="/wiki/Afsharid_dynasty" title="Afsharid dynasty">Persia</a> was able to restore its full authority throughout the entire Caucasus under <a href="/wiki/Nader_Shah" title="Nader Shah">Nader Shah</a>. After the death of Nader, the area divided into multiple khanates. Some Lezgins were part of the <a href="/wiki/Kuba_Khanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuba Khanate">Kuba Khanate</a> in what is now Azerbaijan, while others fell under the jurisdiction of the <a href="/wiki/Derbent_Khanate" title="Derbent Khanate">Derbent Khanate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kura_Khanate" title="Kura Khanate">Kura Khanate</a>. The main part of Lezgins united in "free society" (Magalim) (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Akhty_para&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akhty para (page does not exist)">Akhty para</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Akhtynsky_District" title="Akhtynsky District">Akhtynsky District</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kura_Khanate" title="Kura Khanate">Kure</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Kurakhsky_District" title="Kurakhsky District">Kurakhsky District</a>), Alty-para and Dokuz-para (now <a href="/wiki/Dokuzparinsky_District" title="Dokuzparinsky District">Dokuzparinsky District</a>)). Some Lezgin clans were in the <a href="/wiki/Rutul_Federation" title="Rutul Federation">Rutul Federation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1813, as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Gulistan" title="Treaty of Gulistan">Treaty of Gulistan</a>, the Russians gained control over southern Dagestan and most of what is the contemporary Azerbaijan Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.nl_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.nl-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1828 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Turkmenchay" title="Treaty of Turkmenchay">Treaty of Turkmenchay</a> indefinitely consolidated Russian control over Dagestan and other areas where the Lezgins lived and removed Iran from the military equation.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-books.google.nl_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.nl-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Russian administration subsequently created the Kiurin Khanate, later to become the Kiurin district. Many Lezgins in <a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a>, however, participated in the <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_War" title="Caucasian War">Great Caucasian War</a> that started roughly during the same time the Russo-Persian Wars of the 19th century were happening, and fought against the Russians alongside the <a href="/wiki/Avar_people_(Caucasus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Avar people (Caucasus)">Avar</a> <a href="/wiki/Imam_Shamil" title="Imam Shamil">Imam Shamil</a>, who for 25 years (1834–1859) defied Russian rule. It was not until after his defeat in 1859 that the Russians consolidated their rule over Dagestan and the Lezgins. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde,_Volume_14_P._138.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg/250px-Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg/330px-Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg/500px-Globus_illustrierte_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_L%C3%A4nder_und_V%C3%B6lkerkunde%2C_Volume_14_P._138.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5490" data-file-height="3834" /></a><figcaption>Lezgins in the 1860s</figcaption></figure> <p>Lezgins culture is a unique blend of native customs (<a href="/wiki/Adat" title="Adat">adats</a>). There is a strong theme of representing the nation with its national animal, the <i>Lek</i> (eagle), it's connected with a strong value on the concept of freedom. A large majority of the nation's national heroes fought for independence (Abrek Kiri Buba, Hadj-Dawud, etc.). Lezgins don't like coercion, their social structure being firmly based on equality and deference to individuality. Lezgin society is structured around <i>djamaat (<a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian</a>: <span lang="lez">жамаат- unions of clans</span>)</i> and about 200-300 <i>syhils (<a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian</a>: <span lang="lez">сихил - clan</span>).</i> <i>Syhils</i> descended from a common ancestor who lived a long time ago and each <i>syhil</i> has its own village and mountain. <i>Syhils</i> are further subdivided into <i>miresar</i> (patronymic families).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main type of settlement in Lezghins - the village ("hur"). With regard to social groups Lezgin village, it is divided into quarters. Distributed large geographically related settlement (one quarter - one syhil). Each village had a rural area - Kim, a gathering of residents (male part) at the village assembly to address the most important issues of public life of the village. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lezgiwal">Lezgiwal</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lezgiwal" title="Lezgiwal">Lezgiwal</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Lezgiwal" title="Lezgiwal">Lezgiwal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian</a>: <span lang="lez">Лезгивал</span>) an unwritten code of honor used as a set of ethical rules for Lezgins.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It covers all spheres of life of any member of society, starting from childhood. Lezgival is a Code of honor and conduct passed down from generation to generation by parents and society. It implies moral and ethical behaviour, generosity and the will to safeguard the honor of women. The legendary <a href="/wiki/Abrek" title="Abrek">Abrek</a> Kiri Buba before he was killed by the Russians said <i>"Better a knife in the chest than honor in the dirt."</i><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3></div> <p>Lezgins like other <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Northeast Caucasian</a> majority are Muslims, although, due to the long traditional beliefs, religion did not take root in its strict form. Under the influence of the neighbouring states, it was to a known extent suppressed, predominantly by Soviets, and nowadays plays a less significant role than the cultural traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the practitioners follow either the Shafi'i or the Hanafi schools of jurisprudence, fiqh. Lezgins celebrate <i>Yaran Suvar</i>, which dates to the pre-Islamic period, some also celebrate Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages_and_literature">Languages and literature</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lezgin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Lezgin language">Lezgin language</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgin language</a> belongs to the <a href="/wiki/Lezgic_languages" title="Lezgic languages">Lezgic branch</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Northeast Caucasian language family</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Aghul_language" title="Aghul language">Aghul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rutul_language" title="Rutul language">Rutul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsakhur_language" title="Tsakhur language">Tsakhur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_language" title="Tabasaran language">Tabasaran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Budukh_language" title="Budukh language">Budukh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khinalug_language" title="Khinalug language">Khinalug</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jek_language" title="Jek language">Jek</a>, Khaput, <a href="/wiki/Kryts_language" title="Kryts language">Kryts</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Udi_language" title="Udi language">Udi</a>). The Lezgin language has three closely related (mutually intelligible) dialects: Kurin (also referred to as Gunei or Kurakh), Akhti, and Kuba. The Kurin dialect is the most widespread of the three and is spoken throughout most of the Lezgin territories in Daghestan, including the town of Kurakh, which, historically, was the most important cultural, political, and economic center in the Lezgin territory in Daghestan and is the former seat of the khanate of Kurin. The Akhti dialect is spoken in southeastern Daghestan. The <a href="/wiki/Quba_Rayon" class="mw-redirect" title="Quba Rayon">Kuba</a> dialect, the most Turkicized of the three, is widespread among the Lezgins of northern <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> (named for the town of Kuba, the cultural and economical focus of the region). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dances_and_music">Dances and music</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lezginka" title="Lezginka">Lezginka</a></div><p> Lezgin dance, including the Lezgin solo male and pair dance, are common among many peoples of the Caucasus. The dance uses a 2 image. The man moves in the way "eagle", alternates between a slow and rapid pace. The most spectacular movements are dance movements of men, when he is on his toes, throwing his hands in different directions. The woman moves in the form of "Swan", bewitching graceful posture and smooth hand movements. The woman increases the tempo of her dance after the man. Not surprisingly, the dance, common among all the Caucasian peoples, was named in accordance with the ancient totem of the Lezgins: the word "Lek" (<a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian</a>: <span lang="lez">лекь</span>) means eagle.</p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LESGHI_RUG,_EAST_CAUCASUS,_c._1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/LESGHI_RUG%2C_EAST_CAUCASUS%2C_c._1880.jpg/250px-LESGHI_RUG%2C_EAST_CAUCASUS%2C_c._1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/LESGHI_RUG%2C_EAST_CAUCASUS%2C_c._1880.jpg/330px-LESGHI_RUG%2C_EAST_CAUCASUS%2C_c._1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/LESGHI_RUG%2C_EAST_CAUCASUS%2C_c._1880.jpg/500px-LESGHI_RUG%2C_EAST_CAUCASUS%2C_c._1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1401" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>An antique Lesghi rug, east Caucasus, c. 1880</figcaption></figure><p>Epic-historical songs about wars are popular among Lezghins, Best-known are the ballads "Shamil atana"(about <a href="/wiki/Imam_Shamil" title="Imam Shamil">Imam Shamil</a>) and "Kiri Buba." (about a Lezgin <a href="/wiki/Abrek" title="Abrek">abrek</a>). In the second half of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth, Lezgin culture and literature underwent a culture significantly influence Azerbaijan. First Lezgin theater originated in 1906 in the village of Akhty. In 1935, based on the semi-professional team was created Lezgin State Music and Drama Theatre named after S. Stalsky. In 1998, the State Lezgin theater was opened in Azerbaijan, located in Qusar. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_homeland">Traditional homeland</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9_1728_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9_1728_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9_1728_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9_1728_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9_1728_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9_1728_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9_1728_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="3943" /></a><figcaption>Lezgistan from map of the Caucasus by Johann Gustav Gaerber (1728)</figcaption></figure> <p>The Lezgins inhabit a compact territory that straddles the border area of southern Dagestan and northern Azerbaijan. It lies, for the most part, in the southeastern portion of Daghestan in (<a href="/wiki/Akhtynsky_District" title="Akhtynsky District">Akhtynsky District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dokuzparinsky_District" title="Dokuzparinsky District">Dokuzparinsky District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suleyman-Stalsky_District" title="Suleyman-Stalsky District">Suleyman-Stalsky District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurakhsky_District" title="Kurakhsky District">Kurakhsky District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magaramkentsky_District" title="Magaramkentsky District">Magaramkentsky District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khivsky_District" title="Khivsky District">Khivsky District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Derbentsky_District" title="Derbentsky District">Derbentsky District</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rutulsky_District" title="Rutulsky District">Rutulsky District</a>) and contiguous northeastern <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Quba_Rayon" class="mw-redirect" title="Quba Rayon">Kuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qusar_District" title="Qusar District">Qusar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qakh_Rayon" class="mw-redirect" title="Qakh Rayon">Qakh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khachmaz_Rayon" class="mw-redirect" title="Khachmaz Rayon">Khachmaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oguz_Rayon" class="mw-redirect" title="Oguz Rayon">Oguz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qabala_Rayon" class="mw-redirect" title="Qabala Rayon">Qabala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shaki_Rayon" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaki Rayon">Nukha</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ismailli_Rayon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ismailli Rayon">Ismailli</a> districts). </p><p>The Lezgin territories are divided into two physiographic zones: a region of high, rugged mountains and the piedmont (foothills). Most of the Lezgin territory is in the mountainous zone, where a number of peaks (like Baba Dagh) reach over 3,500 meters in elevation. There are deep and isolated canyons and gorges formed by the tributaries of the <a href="/wiki/Samur_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Samur River">Samur</a> and Gulgeri Chai rivers. In the mountainous zones the summers are very hot and dry, with drought conditions a constant threat. There are few trees in this region aside from those in the deep canyons and along the streams themselves. Drought-resistant shrubs and weeds dominate the natural flora. The winters here are frequently windy and brutally cold. In this zone the Lezgins engaged primarily in animal husbandry (mostly sheep and goats) and in craft industries. </p><p>In the extreme east of the Lezgin territory, where the mountains give way to the narrow coastal plain of the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a>, and to the far south, in Azerbaijan, are the foothills. This region has relatively mild, very dry winters and hot, dry summers. Trees are few here also. In this region animal husbandry and artisanry were supplemented by some agriculture (along the alluvial deposits near the rivers). </p><p>Lezgins live mainly in <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (Dagestan). The total population is believed to be around 700,000, with 474,000 living in Russia. In Azerbaijan, the government census counts 180,300.<sup id="cite_ref-azeristats_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-azeristats-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Lezgin national organizations mention 600,000 to 900,000, the disparity being that many Lezgins claim Azeri nationality to escape job and education discrimination in Azerbaijan.<sup id="cite_ref-JM_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JM-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the assimilationist policy of the Azeri government, the Lezgin population is undoubtedly greater than it appears.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As <a href="/wiki/Svante_Cornell" title="Svante Cornell">Svante Cornell</a> adds; </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Whereas officially the number of Lezgins registered as such in Azerbaijan is around 180,000, the Lezgins claim that the number of Lezgins registered as Azerbaijan is many times higher than this figure, some accounts showing over 700,000 Lezgins in Azerbaijan. These figures are denied by the Azerbaijani government, but in private many Azeris acknowledge the fact that the Lezgins—and for that matter the <a href="/wiki/Talysh_people" title="Talysh people">Talysh</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Azerbaijan" title="Kurds in Azerbaijan">Kurdish</a>—population is far higher than the official figures.<sup id="cite_ref-Routledge_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Lezgins also live in <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mainly due to <a href="/wiki/Stalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Stalin">Stalin</a>'s deportation policies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/120px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Lezgins" title="Special:EditPage/Lezgins">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Lezgins are, "generally speaking", well integrated into the society of Azerbaijan. Mixed marriages are furthermore common. Lastly, Lezgins in Azerbaijan have a better level of education compared to their kin in Dagestan.<sup id="cite_ref-Routledge_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1992 a Lezgin organization named <a href="/wiki/Sadval_(organization)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadval (organization)">Sadval</a> was established to promote Lezgin rights. Sadval campaigned for the redrawing of the Russian–Azerbaijani border to allow for the creation of a single Lezgin state encompassing areas in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> where Lezgins were compactly settled. In Azerbaijan, a more moderate organization called Samur was formed, advocating more cultural autonomy for Lezgins in Azerbaijan. </p><p>Lezgins traditionally suffered from unemployment and a shortage of land. A major consequence of the outbreak of the war in <a href="/wiki/First_Chechen_War" title="First Chechen War">First Chechen War</a> in 1994 was the closure of the border between Russia and Azerbaijan: as a result, the Lezgins were for the first time in their history separated by an international border restricting their movement. </p><p>The high tide of Lezgin mobilization in Azerbaijan appeared to have passed towards the end of the 1990s. Sadval was banned by the Azerbaijani authorities after official allegations that it was involved in the <a href="/wiki/1994_Baku_Metro_bombings" title="1994 Baku Metro bombings">1994 Baku Metro bombings</a>. The end of the Karabakh war, and Lezgin resistance to forced conscription, deprived the movement of a key issue on which to mobilize. In 1998 Sadval split into ‘moderate’ and ‘radical’ wings, following which it appeared to lose much of its popularity on both sides of the Russian–Azerbaijani border. </p><p>Lezgins expressed concern over underrepresentation in the Azerbaijani Parliament (Milli Meclis) after a shift away from proportional representation in the parliamentary elections of November 2005. Lezgins had been represented by two members of parliament in the previous parliament, but are now represented by only one. </p><p>Lezgins state that they face discrimination and that they feel forced to assimilate into Azeri identity to avoid economic and education discrimination. Therefore, the real number of Lezgins may be significantly higher than presented in censuses. </p><p>Lezgin is taught as a foreign language in areas where many Lezgins are settled, but teaching resources are scarce. Lezgin textbooks come from Russia and are not adapted to local conditions. Although Lezgin newspapers are available, Lezgins have also expressed concern over the disappearance of their rich oral tradition. The only Lezgin television broadcasting available in Azerbaijan is that received over the border from Russia. </p><p>In March 2006 Azerbaijani media reported that Sadval had formed an 'underground' terrorist unit carrying out operations in Dagestan. Security forces across the border in Dagestan in Russia, responded skeptically to these reports having found no evidence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dagestan">Dagestan</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/120px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Lezgins" title="Special:EditPage/Lezgins">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to reports Lezgins in Dagestan suffer disproportionately from unemployment, with unemployment rates in Lezgin-populated areas of southern Dagestan twice the republic average of 32 percent. This may be one contributory factor to renewed calls from within the Sadval movement in January 2006 for a redrawing of the Russian-Azerbaijani border to incorporate Lezgin-populated areas of southern Dagestan within Azerbaijan. </p><p>In March 1999 another organization, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Lezgin_National_Cultural_Autonomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Lezgin National Cultural Autonomy">Federal Lezgin National Cultural Autonomy</a>, was established as an extraterritorial movement advocating cultural autonomy for Lezgins. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genetics">Genetics</h2></div> <p>According to a genetic study in 2023, the following haplogroups are found to predominate among Lezgins :<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_J-M267" title="Haplogroup J-M267">J1</a> (63%)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_R1b" title="Haplogroup R1b">R1b</a> (13%)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_G-M201" title="Haplogroup G-M201">G2</a> (7%)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_J-M172" title="Haplogroup J-M172">J2</a> (6%)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_E-M215" title="Haplogroup E-M215">E1b1b</a> (3%)</li></ul> <p>Modern-day Lezgins speak <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Northeast Caucasian languages</a> that have been spoken in the region before the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European languages</a>. They are closely related, both culturally and linguistically, to the <a href="/wiki/Aghuls" class="mw-redirect" title="Aghuls">Aghuls</a> of southern <a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a> and, somewhat more distantly, to the <a href="/wiki/Tsakhurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsakhurs">Tsakhurs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rutuls" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutuls">Rutuls</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tabasarans" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabasarans">Tabasarans</a> (the northern neighbors of the Lezgins). Also related, albeit more distantly, are the numerically small <a href="/wiki/Jek_people" title="Jek people">Jek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kryts_people" title="Kryts people">Kryts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shahdagh_people" title="Shahdagh people">Shahdagh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Budukh_people" title="Budukh people">Budukh</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Khinalug_people" title="Khinalug people">Khinalug</a> peoples of northern <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>. These groups, together with the Lezgins, form the Samur branch of the indigenous <a href="/wiki/Lezgic" class="mw-redirect" title="Lezgic">Lezgic</a> peoples. </p><p>Lezgins are believed to descend partly from people who inhabited the region of southern <a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a> in the Bronze Age. However, there is some DNA evidence of significant admixture during the last 4,000 years with a Central Asian population.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Lezgins">Notable Lezgins</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/120px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Lezgins" title="Special:EditPage/Lezgins">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadji_Dawud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadji Dawud (page does not exist)">Hadji Dawud</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8-%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B4" class="extiw" title="ru:Хаджи-Давуд">ru</a>]</span> (1680—<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1736</span>), a Lezgin military commander and Islamic religious leader, became influential in the resistance against Safavid imperialist expansion into the Caucasus during the early-18th century. Hadji Dawud is considered the first<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> leader of the resistance in the Caucasus against Persian imperialism. He remains a hero of the Lezgin and Dagestan peoples in general, and of their struggle for independence.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suleyman_Kerimov" title="Suleyman Kerimov">Suleyman Kerimov</a> (1966- ), <a href="/wiki/Russian_oligarchs" title="Russian oligarchs">oligarch</a>, billionaire businessman, philanthropist, and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazim_Huseynov" title="Nazim Huseynov">Nazim Huseynov</a> (1969- ), judoka who won the Men's - 60 kg in the 1992 Summer Olympics, competing for the <a href="/wiki/Unified_Team_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics"> Unified Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Gurbanov" title="Ruslan Gurbanov">Ruslan Gurbanov</a> (1991- ), footballer</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tavakkul_Aslanov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tavakkul Aslanov (page does not exist)">Tavakkul Aslanov</a> - chef and host of the Wilderness Cooking YouTube Channel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikram_Aliskerov" title="Ikram Aliskerov">Ikram Aliskerov</a> (1992- ), four-time world champion in combat sambo; MMA fighter</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nader%27s_Dagestan_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Nader's Dagestan campaign">Nader's Dagestan campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezginka" title="Lezginka">Lezginka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgin language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezgistan" title="Lezgistan">Lezgistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasian_languages" title="North Caucasian languages">North Caucasian people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Northeast Caucasian people</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/13049">"Lezgin"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Project" title="Joshua Project">Joshua Project</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Joshua+Project&rft.atitle=Lezgin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjoshuaproject.net%2Fpeople_groups%2F13049&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rus-census-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rus-census_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rus-census_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221230204643/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx">"Национальный состав населения Российской Федерации согласно переписи населения 2021 года"</a> (in Russian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx">the original</a> on 2022-12-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+2021+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frosstat.gov.ru%2Fstorage%2Fmediabank%2FTom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-azer-census-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-azer-census_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stat.gov.az/source/demoqraphy/ap/">"Azərbaycanın əhalisi"</a> (in Azerbaijani)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Az%C9%99rbaycan%C4%B1n+%C9%99halisi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstat.gov.az%2Fsource%2Fdemoqraphy%2Fap%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKoterHeffnerSobczyński2003" class="citation book cs1">Koter, Marek; Heffner, Krystian; Sobczyński, Marek (2003). <i>The Role of Ethnic Minorities in Border Regions</i>. Vol. 1. <a href="/wiki/University_of_%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="University of Łódź">University of Łódź</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788371261749" title="Special:BookSources/9788371261749"><bdi>9788371261749</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Role+of+Ethnic+Minorities+in+Border+Regions&rft.pub=University+of+%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9788371261749&rft.aulast=Koter&rft.aufirst=Marek&rft.au=Heffner%2C+Krystian&rft.au=Sobczy%C5%84ski%2C+Marek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span> "Although the Lezgin are Sunni Muslims, there is a strong Shiite minority."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWixman1994" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Wixman, Ronald (1994). "Lezgins". In Friedrich, Paul; Diamond, Norma (eds.). <i>Encyclopedia of World Cultures</i>. Vol. 6. <a href="/wiki/G._K._Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="G. K. Hall">G. K. Hall</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofworldculturesvolume6russiaandeurasiachina_541_O/page/243">243</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780816118106" title="Special:BookSources/9780816118106"><bdi>9780816118106</bdi></a>. <q>Given the strong Azerbaijani influence on them, however, there is a sizable Shiite minority among the Lezgins.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lezgins&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+World+Cultures&rft.pages=243&rft.pub=G.+K.+Hall&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9780816118106&rft.aulast=Wixman&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCole2011" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Cole, Jeffrey, ed. (2011). "Lezgins". <i>Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia</i>. <a href="/wiki/ABC-Clio" title="ABC-Clio">ABC-Clio</a>. p. 237. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781598843033" title="Special:BookSources/9781598843033"><bdi>9781598843033</bdi></a>. <q>The Lezgins are Muslims; the great majority are Sunni of the Shafi'i rite, with small numbers of Lezgins living near or inside Azerbaijan being Shiite.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lezgins&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Groups+of+Europe%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=237&rft.pub=ABC-Clio&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781598843033&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMikhalchenko2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mikhalchenko, Y. V., ed. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iling-ran.ru/library/sociolingva/2016_jazyk_i_obschestvo.pdf"><i>Язык и общество</i></a> [<i>Language and Society</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Russian). Research Center for National-Language Relations. p. 253. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9785911721299" title="Special:BookSources/9785911721299"><bdi>9785911721299</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA+%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE&rft.pages=253&rft.pub=Research+Center+for+National-Language+Relations&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9785911721299&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Filing-ran.ru%2Flibrary%2Fsociolingva%2F2016_jazyk_i_obschestvo.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFГаджиев1979" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Гаджиев, Владилен Гадисович (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qtRilTKuhbMC&q=%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD+%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA"><i>Сочинение И. Гербера "Описание стран и народов между Астраханью и рекою Курой находящихся" как исторический источник по истории народов Кавказа</i></a> (in Russian). Наука.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%98.+%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0+%22%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83+%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8E+%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8E+%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8F%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%81%D1%8F%22+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0&rft.pub=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0&rft.date=1979&rft.aulast=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2&rft.aufirst=%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqtRilTKuhbMC%26q%3D%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%2B%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Lesghians"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Lesghians">"Lesghians" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 489.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lesghians&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=489&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaspelmath1993" class="citation book cs1">Haspelmath, Martin (1993). <i>A Grammar of Lezgin</i>. <a href="/wiki/Mouton_de_Gruyter" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouton de Gruyter">Mouton de Gruyter</a>. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783110137354" title="Special:BookSources/9783110137354"><bdi>9783110137354</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Grammar+of+Lezgin&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=Mouton+de+Gruyter&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9783110137354&rft.aulast=Haspelmath&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yakut, IV, 364. According to al-Masoudi (Murudzh, II, 5)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMinorsky1963" class="citation book cs1">Minorsky, V. F. (1963). <i>A History of Sharvan and Darband in the 10th-11th Centuries</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Sharvan+and+Darband+in+the+10th-11th+Centuries&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Minorsky&rft.aufirst=V.+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOlsonPappasPappas1994" class="citation book cs1">Olson, James Stuart; Pappas, Lee Brigance; Pappas, Nicholas Charles (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.h-net.org/review/hrev-a0a7b7-aa"><i>An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Greenwood_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenwood Press">Greenwood Press</a>. p. 438. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5040%2F9798400647932">10.5040/9798400647932</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313274978" title="Special:BookSources/9780313274978"><bdi>9780313274978</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Ethnohistorical+Dictionary+of+the+Russian+and+Soviet+Empires&rft.pages=438&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5040%2F9798400647932&rft.isbn=9780313274978&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=James+Stuart&rft.au=Pappas%2C+Lee+Brigance&rft.au=Pappas%2C+Nicholas+Charles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.h-net.org%2Freview%2Fhrev-a0a7b7-aa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chaumont-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chaumont_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chaumont_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chaumont_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChaumont1985" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Chaumont, M. L. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/albania-iranian-aran-arm">"Albania"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Ehsan_Yarshater" title="Ehsan Yarshater">Yarshater, Ehsan</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/"><i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i></a> (Online ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Albania&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica+Foundation&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Chaumont&rft.aufirst=M.+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Falbania-iranian-aran-arm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruno Jacobs, "ACHAEMENID RULE IN Caucasus" in <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i>. January 9, 2006. Excerpt: "Achaemenid rule in the Caucasus region was established, at the latest, in the course of the Scythian campaign of <a href="/wiki/Darius_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Darius I">Darius I</a> in 513–512 BC. The Persian domination of the cis-Caucasian area (the northern side of the range) was brief, and archeological findings indicate that the Great Caucasus formed the northern border of the empire during most, if not all, of the Achaemenid period after Darius"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ToumanoffIranica-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ToumanoffIranica_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ToumanoffIranica_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ToumanoffIranica_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFToumanoff1986" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Toumanoff" title="Cyril Toumanoff">Toumanoff, Cyrill</a> (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arsacids-index">"The Arsacid Dynasty of Armenia"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Ehsan_Yarshater" title="Ehsan Yarshater">Yarshater, Ehsan</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/"><i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i></a> (Online ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Arsacid+Dynasty+of+Armenia&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica+Foundation&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Toumanoff&rft.aufirst=Cyrill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Farsacids-index&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span> "Whatever the sporadic suzerainty of Rome, the country was now a part—together with Iberia (East Georgia) and (Caucasian) Albania, where other Arsacid branched reigned—of a pan-Arsacid family federation. Culturally, the predominance of Hellenism, as under the Artaxiads, was now followed by a predominance of "Iranianism," and, symptomatically, instead of Greek, as before, Parthian became the language of the educated."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYarshater1983" class="citation book cs1">Yarshater, Ehsan (1983). <i>The Cambridge History of Iran</i>. Vol. 3.1. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781139054942" title="Special:BookSources/9781139054942"><bdi>9781139054942</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Iran&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=9781139054942&rft.aulast=Yarshater&rft.aufirst=Ehsan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFriedrichLevinsonDiamond1991" class="citation book cs1">Friedrich, Paul; Levinson, David; Diamond, Norma, eds. (1991). <i>Encyclopedia of World Cultures: Russia and Eurasia, China</i>. Vol. 6. G.K. Hall. pp. (241–243, 318)/527. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780816118106" title="Special:BookSources/9780816118106"><bdi>9780816118106</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+World+Cultures%3A+Russia+and+Eurasia%2C+China&rft.pages=%28241-243%2C+318%29%2F527&rft.pub=G.K.+Hall&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780816118106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.nl-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.nl_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-books.google.nl_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDowling2015" class="citation book cs1">Dowling, Timothy, ed. (2015). <i>Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond</i>. <a href="/wiki/ABC-Clio" title="ABC-Clio">ABC-Clio</a>. p. 728. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781598849486" title="Special:BookSources/9781598849486"><bdi>9781598849486</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Russia+at+War%3A+From+the+Mongol+Conquest+to+Afghanistan%2C+Chechnya%2C+and+Beyond&rft.pages=728&rft.pub=ABC-Clio&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781598849486&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAksan2014" class="citation book cs1">Aksan, Virginia (2014). <i>Ottoman Wars, 1700–1870: An Empire Besieged</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 463. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317884033" title="Special:BookSources/9781317884033"><bdi>9781317884033</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ottoman+Wars%2C+1700%E2%80%931870%3A+An+Empire+Besieged&rft.pages=463&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781317884033&rft.aulast=Aksan&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKamran2020" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2">Kamran, Alamvi (20 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alamjurnal.com/2862-lezgival/">"Lezgival"</a> (in Russian and Lezghian). АЛАМ<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lezgival&rft.pub=%D0%90%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%9C&rft.date=2020-04-20&rft.aulast=Kamran&rft.aufirst=Alamvi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alamjurnal.com%2F2862-lezgival%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTishkov2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tishkov, V. A. (2007). <i>Российский Кавказ: книга для политиков</i> [<i>Russian Caucasus: A Book for Politicians</i>] (in Russian). Rosinformagrotekh. pp. 138, 384. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9785201008062" title="Special:BookSources/9785201008062"><bdi>9785201008062</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%3A+%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.pages=138%2C+384&rft.pub=Rosinformagrotekh&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9785201008062&rft.aulast=Tishkov&rft.aufirst=V.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E6ojAQAAIAAJ&q=%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0+%D0%98%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9"><i>Vestnik Evrazii</i></a> (in Russian). Izd-vo "DI-DIK". 2000. p. 36.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vestnik+Evrazii&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Izd-vo+%22DI-DIK%22&rft.date=2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE6ojAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D%25D0%2591%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0%2B%25D0%2598%25D0%25BA%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHahn2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_M._Hahn" title="Gordon M. Hahn">Hahn, Gordon M.</a> (2007). <i>Russia's Islamic Threat</i>. <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. pp. 100, 217. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300120776" title="Special:BookSources/9780300120776"><bdi>9780300120776</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Russia%27s+Islamic+Threat&rft.pages=100%2C+217&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780300120776&rft.aulast=Hahn&rft.aufirst=Gordon+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTkachenko2019" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tkachenko, Galina (23 March 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lezgigazet.ru/archives/78495">"Покачёвские лезгины отметили «Яран сувар»"</a> [Pokachev Lezgins celebrated “Yaran Suvar”]. <i>Лезги газет</i> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%C2%AB%D0%AF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%C2%BB&rft.date=2019-03-23&rft.aulast=Tkachenko&rft.aufirst=Galina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flezgigazet.ru%2Farchives%2F78495&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-azeristats-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-azeristats_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.azstat.org/statinfo/demoqraphic/en/1_12en.xls">The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Population by ethnic groups</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120103234751/http://www.azstat.org/statinfo/demoqraphic/en/1_12en.xls">Archived</a> 2012-01-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JM-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JM_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMinahan2002" class="citation book cs1">Minahan, James (2002). <i>Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations</i>. <a href="/wiki/Greenwood_Publishing_Group" title="Greenwood Publishing Group">Greenwood Publishing Group</a>. p. 1084. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313321115" title="Special:BookSources/9780313321115"><bdi>9780313321115</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Stateless+Nations&rft.pages=1084&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780313321115&rft.aulast=Minahan&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span>: "Lezgin national organizations estimate the actual Lezgin population in Azerbaijan at between 600,000 and 900,000, much higher than the official estimates. The disparity arises from the number of ethnic Lezgins registered as ethnic Azeris during the soviet period and continue to claim Azeri nationality to escape job and education discrimination in Azerbaijan."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWareKisriev2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bruce_Ware" title="Robert Bruce Ware">Ware, Robert Bruce</a>; Kisriev, Enver (2009). <i>Dagestan: Russian Hegemony and Islamic Resistance in the North Caucasus</i>. <a href="/wiki/M._E._Sharpe" title="M. E. Sharpe">M. E. Sharpe</a>. p. 46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780765633682" title="Special:BookSources/9780765633682"><bdi>9780765633682</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dagestan%3A+Russian+Hegemony+and+Islamic+Resistance+in+the+North+Caucasus&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=M.+E.+Sharpe&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780765633682&rft.aulast=Ware&rft.aufirst=Robert+Bruce&rft.au=Kisriev%2C+Enver&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Routledge-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Routledge_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Routledge_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCornell2005" class="citation book cs1">Cornell, Svante (2005). <i>Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 259. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135796693" title="Special:BookSources/9781135796693"><bdi>9781135796693</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Small+Nations+and+Great+Powers%3A+A+Study+of+Ethnopolitical+Conflict+in+the+Caucasus&rft.pages=259&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9781135796693&rft.aulast=Cornell&rft.aufirst=Svante&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKarny2001" class="citation book cs1">Karny, Yo'av (2001). <i>Highlanders: A Journey to the Caucasus in Quest of Memory</i>. <a href="/wiki/Farrar,_Straus_%26_Giroux" class="mw-redirect" title="Farrar, Straus & Giroux">Farrar, Straus & Giroux</a>. p. 112. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780374528126" title="Special:BookSources/9780374528126"><bdi>9780374528126</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Highlanders%3A+A+Journey+to+the+Caucasus+in+Quest+of+Memory&rft.pages=112&rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+%26+Giroux&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780374528126&rft.aulast=Karny&rft.aufirst=Yo%27av&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span> "The last 1989 all Soviet census recorded 204,400 Lezgins in Daghestan and 171,395 Lezgins in Azerbaijan. Both figures reflected a relative, almost identical decline (5 percent) in Lezgin numbers in both "homelands". Roughly 65,000 Lezgins were counted in other parts of the Soviet Union, mostly Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAgdzhoyanIskandarovPonomarevPylev2023" class="citation journal cs1">Agdzhoyan, Anastasia; Iskandarov, Nasib; Ponomarev, Georgy; Pylev, Vladimir; Koshel, Sergey; Salaev, Vugar; Pocheshkhova, Elvira; Kagazezheva, Zhaneta; Balanovska, Elena (9 September 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10530682">"Origins of East Caucasus Gene Pool: Contributions of Autochthonous Bronze Age Populations and Migrations from West Asia Estimated from Y-Chromosome Data"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Genes_(journal)" title="Genes (journal)">Genes</a></i>. <b>14</b> (9): 1780. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fgenes14091780">10.3390/genes14091780</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10530682">10530682</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37761920">37761920</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genes&rft.atitle=Origins+of+East+Caucasus+Gene+Pool%3A+Contributions+of+Autochthonous+Bronze+Age+Populations+and+Migrations+from+West+Asia+Estimated+from+Y-Chromosome+Data&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=1780&rft.date=2023-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10530682%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F37761920&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fgenes14091780&rft.aulast=Agdzhoyan&rft.aufirst=Anastasia&rft.au=Iskandarov%2C+Nasib&rft.au=Ponomarev%2C+Georgy&rft.au=Pylev%2C+Vladimir&rft.au=Koshel%2C+Sergey&rft.au=Salaev%2C+Vugar&rft.au=Pocheshkhova%2C+Elvira&rft.au=Kagazezheva%2C+Zhaneta&rft.au=Balanovska%2C+Elena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10530682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWade2014" class="citation news cs1">Wade, Nicholas (14 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/14/science/tracing-ancestry-team-produces-genetic-atlas-of-human-mixing-events.html">"Tracing Ancestry, Researchers Produce a Genetic Atlas of Human Mixing Events"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Tracing+Ancestry%2C+Researchers+Produce+a+Genetic+Atlas+of+Human+Mixing+Events&rft.date=2014-02-14&rft.aulast=Wade&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F02%2F14%2Fscience%2Ftracing-ancestry-team-produces-genetic-atlas-of-human-mixing-events.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALezgins" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Muslims_in_Europe33" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Muslims" title="Template:European Muslims"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Muslims" title="Template talk:European Muslims"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Muslims" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Muslims"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Muslims_in_Europe33" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Muslims in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Majority</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanians" title="Cham Albanians">Cham Albanians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosniaks" title="Bosniaks">Bosniaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorani_people" title="Gorani people">Gorani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds" title="Kurds">Kurds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Germany" title="Kurds in Germany">in Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_France" title="Kurds in France">in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_the_Netherlands" title="Kurds in the Netherlands">in the Netherlands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslims_(ethnic_group)" title="Muslims (ethnic group)">Muslims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomaks" title="Pomaks">Pomaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talysh_people" title="Talysh people">Talysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tat_people_(Caucasus)" title="Tat people (Caucasus)">Tats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples">Turkic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis" title="Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkars" title="Balkars">Balkars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkirs" title="Bashkirs">Bashkirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Roma" title="Crimean Roma">Crimean Roma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatars_of_Romania" title="Tatars of Romania">Dobrujan Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Tatars" title="Finnish Tatars">Finnish Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karachays" title="Karachays">Karachays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs">Kazakhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumyks" title="Kumyks">Kumyks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipka_Tatars" title="Lipka Tatars">Lipka Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nogais" title="Nogais">Nogais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriots" title="Turkish Cypriots">Cypriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_the_Dodecanese" title="Turks of the Dodecanese">Dodecanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Germany" title="Turks in Germany">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meskhetian_Turks" title="Meskhetian Turks">Meskhetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_of_Western_Thrace" title="Turks of Western Thrace">Western Thracian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Europe" title="Turks in Europe">Other</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga_Tatars" title="Volga Tatars">Volga Tatars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mishar_Tatars" title="Mishar Tatars">Mishar Tatars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C3%B6r%C3%BCks" title="Yörüks">Yörüks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasian_languages" title="North Caucasian languages">North Caucasian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abazins" title="Abazins">Abazins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazians" title="Abkhazians">Abkhazians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sadz" title="Sadz">Sadz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andi_people" title="Andi people">Andis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akhvakh_people" title="Akhvakh people">Akhvakhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagvalal_people" title="Bagvalal people">Bagvalals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botlikh_people" title="Botlikh people">Botlikhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamalal_people" title="Chamalal people">Chamalals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godoberi_people" title="Godoberi people">Godoberis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karata_people" title="Karata people">Karatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tindi_people" title="Tindi people">Tindis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avars_(Caucasus)" title="Avars (Caucasus)">Avars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechens" title="Chechens">Chechens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aukhs" title="Aukhs">Aukhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kist_people" title="Kist people">Kists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassians" title="Circassians">Circassians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abzakhs" title="Abzakhs">Abzakhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adyghe_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Adyghe people">Adygeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Besleney" title="Besleney">Besleneys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bzhedugs" title="Bzhedugs">Bzhedugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemirgoys" title="Chemirgoys">Chemirgoys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardians" title="Kabardians">Kabardians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natukhajs" title="Natukhajs">Natukhajs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shapsugs" title="Shapsugs">Shapsugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubykh_people" title="Ubykh people">Ubykhs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dargins" title="Dargins">Dargins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaitags" title="Kaitags">Kaitags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubachi_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Kubachi people">Kubachins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsudaqar_language" title="Tsudaqar language">Tsudakhars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirag_language" title="Chirag language">Chirags</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingush_people" title="Ingush people">Ingush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laks_(Caucasus)" title="Laks (Caucasus)">Laks</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lezgins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aghul_people" title="Aghul people">Aghuls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archi_people" title="Archi people">Archis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budukh_people" title="Budukh people">Budukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutul_people" title="Rutul people">Rutuls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khinalug_people" title="Khinalug people">Khinalugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryts_people" title="Kryts people">Kryts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_people" title="Tabasaran people">Tabasarans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsakhur_people" title="Tsakhur people">Tsakhurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jek_people" title="Jek people">Jeks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsez_people" title="Tsez people">Tsez</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bezhta_people" title="Bezhta people">Bezhtas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinukh_people" title="Hinukh people">Hinukhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunzib_people" title="Hunzib people">Hunzibs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khwarshi_people" title="Khwarshi people">Khwarshis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kartvelian_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Kartvelian peoples">Kartvelian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjarians" title="Adjarians">Adjarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laz_people" title="Laz people">Lazs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingiloy_people" title="Ingiloy people">Ingiloys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meskhetians" title="Meskhetians">Meskhetians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Uralic_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Uralic peoples">Uralic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Besermyan" title="Besermyan">Besermyan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center; font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arabs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabs_in_Europe" title="Arabs in Europe">in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moors" title="Moors">Moors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccans_in_Spain" title="Moroccans in Spain">in Spain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berbers" title="Berbers">Berbers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berbers_in_France" title="Berbers in France">in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berbers_in_Belgium" title="Berbers in Belgium">in Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berbers_in_the_Netherlands" title="Berbers in the Netherlands">in the Netherlands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6nmeh" title="Dönmeh">Dönmeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minority</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghans" title="Afghans">Afghans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengalis" title="Bengalis">Bengalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Muslims" title="Bulgarian Muslims">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croat_Muslims" title="Croat Muslims">Croats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Islam in Georgia (country)">Georgians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjarians" title="Adjarians">Adjarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingiloy_people" title="Ingiloy people">Ingiloys</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Muslims" title="Greek Muslims">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vallahades" title="Vallahades">Vallahades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_Muslims" title="Cretan Muslims">Cretan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemshin_people" title="Hemshin people">Hemshenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Muslims" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonian Muslims">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghrebis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis" title="Pakistanis">Pakistanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megleno-Romanians" title="Megleno-Romanians">Megleno-Romanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetian_Muslims" title="Ossetian Muslims">Ossetians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Romani_people" title="Muslim Romani people">Romani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arlije" title="Arlije">Arlije</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashkali_and_Balkan_Egyptians" title="Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians">Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Roma" title="Crimean Roma">Crimean Roma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_Muslims" title="Serb Muslims">Serbs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_the_Caucasus449" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_the_Caucasus" title="Template:Ethnic groups in the Caucasus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_the_Caucasus" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in the Caucasus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_the_Caucasus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in the Caucasus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_the_Caucasus449" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_the_Caucasus" title="Ethnic groups in the Caucasus">Ethnic groups in the</a> <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_the_Caucasus#Language_families_indigenous_to_the_Caucasus" title="Ethnic groups in the Caucasus">Caucasian</a><br /><i>(areal)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kartvelian_languages" title="Kartvelian languages">Kartvelian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgians" title="Georgians">Georgians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjarians" title="Adjarians">Adjarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvals" title="Dvals">Dvals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guria#Demographics" title="Guria">Gurians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imerkhevians" title="Imerkhevians">Imerkhevians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingiloy_people" title="Ingiloy people">Ingiloys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javakhians" title="Javakhians">Javakhians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakhetians" title="Kakhetians">Kakhetians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khevsurians" title="Khevsurians">Khevsurians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meskhetians" title="Meskhetians">Meskhetians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tushetians" title="Tushetians">Tushetians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colchians" class="mw-redirect" title="Colchians">Colchians</a>/<a href="/wiki/Zans" title="Zans">Zans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laz_people" title="Laz people">Lazs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mingrelians" title="Mingrelians">Mingrelians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svans" title="Svans">Svans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Northeast</a><br />(Caspian)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Avar%E2%80%93Andic_languages" title="Avar–Andic languages">Avar–Andic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andi_people" title="Andi people">Andis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhvakh_people" title="Akhvakh people">Akhvakhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avars_(Caucasus)" title="Avars (Caucasus)">Avars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagvalal_people" title="Bagvalal people">Bagvalals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botlikh_people" title="Botlikh people">Botlikhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamalal_people" title="Chamalal people">Chamalals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godoberi_people" title="Godoberi people">Godoberis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karata_people" title="Karata people">Karatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tindi_people" title="Tindi people">Tindis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lezgic_languages" title="Lezgic languages">Lezgic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aghul_people" title="Aghul people">Aguls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archi_people" title="Archi people">Archin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budukh_people" title="Budukh people">Budukhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jek_people" title="Jek people">Jeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryts_people" title="Kryts people">Kryts</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lezgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutul_people" title="Rutul people">Rutuls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_people" title="Tabasaran people">Tabasarans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsakhur_people" title="Tsakhur people">Tsakhurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udi_people" title="Udi people">Udis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nakh_peoples" title="Nakh peoples">Nakh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bats_people" title="Bats people">Bats</a> <ul><li>Tsova <a href="/wiki/Tushetians" title="Tushetians">Tushetians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechens" title="Chechens">Chechens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kist_people" title="Kist people">Kists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aukhs" title="Aukhs">Aukhs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingush_people" title="Ingush people">Ingush</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tsezic_languages" title="Tsezic languages">Tsezic</a> (Didoic)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bezhta_people" title="Bezhta people">Bezhtas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinukh_people" title="Hinukh people">Hinukhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunzib_people" title="Hunzib people">Hunzibs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khwarshi_people" title="Khwarshi people">Khwarshis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsez_people" title="Tsez people">Tsez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dargins" title="Dargins">Dargins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaitags" title="Kaitags">Kaitags</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khinalug_people" title="Khinalug people">Khinalugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laks_(Caucasus)" title="Laks (Caucasus)">Laks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Caucasian_languages" title="Northwest Caucasian languages">Northwest</a><br />(Pontic)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abazins" title="Abazins">Abazins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazians" title="Abkhazians">Abkhazians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sadz" title="Sadz">Sadz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassians" title="Circassians">Circassians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abzakhs" title="Abzakhs">Abzakhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adyghe_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Adyghe people">Adygeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Besleney" title="Besleney">Besleneys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bzhedugs" title="Bzhedugs">Bzhedugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemirgoys" title="Chemirgoys">Chemirgoys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherkess" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherkess">Cherkess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardians" title="Kabardians">Kabardians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natukhajs" title="Natukhajs">Natukhajs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shapsugs" title="Shapsugs">Shapsugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubykh_people" title="Ubykh people">Ubykhs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Caucasus-ethnic_en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Caucasus-ethnic_en.svg/250px-Caucasus-ethnic_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Caucasus-ethnic_en.svg/375px-Caucasus-ethnic_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Caucasus-ethnic_en.svg/500px-Caucasus-ethnic_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="977" data-file-height="1111" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-<br />European</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armeno-Tats" title="Armeno-Tats">Armeno-Tats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherkesogai" title="Cherkesogai">Cherkesogai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemshin_people" title="Hemshin people">Homshetsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zok_language" title="Zok language">Zoks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lom_people" title="Lom people">Lom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_languages" title="Hellenic languages">Hellenic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Greeks" title="Caucasus Greeks">Caucasus Greeks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urums" title="Urums">Georgian Urums</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontic_Greeks" title="Pontic Greeks">Pontic Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_Armenia" title="Greeks in Armenia">in Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_Azerbaijan" title="Greeks in Azerbaijan">in Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_Georgia" title="Greeks in Georgia">in Georgia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indo-Iranian_languages" title="Indo-Iranian languages">Indo-Iranian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indo-Aryan_languages" title="Indo-Aryan languages">Indo-Aryan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garachi" title="Garachi">Garachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lom_people" title="Lom people">Loms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Romani people in Georgia (country)">Roma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iranian_languages" title="Iranian languages">Iranian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Kurds" title="Caucasian Kurds">Kurds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Armenia" title="Kurds in Armenia">in Armenia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yazidis_in_Armenia" title="Yazidis in Armenia">Yazidis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Azerbaijan" title="Kurds in Azerbaijan">in Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Georgia" title="Kurds in Georgia">in Georgia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yazidism_in_Georgia" title="Yazidism in Georgia">Yazidis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Russia" title="Kurds in Russia">in Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetians" title="Ossetians">Ossetians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digor_people" title="Digor people">Digors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_people" title="Iron people">Irons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kudar" title="Kudar">Kudar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trialeti_Ossetians" class="mw-redirect" title="Trialeti Ossetians">Trialeti Ossetians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetians_in_Georgia" title="Ossetians in Georgia">in Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetians_in_Turkey" title="Ossetians in Turkey">in Turkey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talysh_people" title="Talysh people">Talysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tat_people_(Caucasus)" title="Tat people (Caucasus)">Tats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Slavic_languages" title="Slavic languages">Slavic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Don_Cossacks" title="Don Cossacks">Don Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuban_Cossacks" title="Kuban Cossacks">Kuban Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terek_Cossacks" title="Terek Cossacks">Terek Cossacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greben_Cossacks" title="Greben Cossacks">Greben Cossacks</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Poles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poles_in_Armenia" title="Poles in Armenia">in Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poles_in_Azerbaijan" title="Poles in Azerbaijan">in Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poles_in_Georgia" title="Poles in Georgia">in Georgia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Russians" title="Caucasus Russians">Russians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doukhobors" title="Doukhobors">Doukhobors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molokans" title="Molokans">Molokans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Armenia" title="Russians in Armenia">in Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Azerbaijan" title="Russians in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Georgia" title="Russians in Georgia">in Georgia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_diaspora" title="Ukrainian diaspora">Ukrainians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainians_in_Armenia" title="Ukrainians in Armenia">in Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainians_in_Kuban" title="Ukrainians in Kuban">in Kuban, Russia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Germans" title="Caucasus Germans">Germans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples">Turkic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kipchaks" title="Kipchaks">Kipchaks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkars" title="Balkars">Balkars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karachays" title="Karachays">Karachays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumyks" title="Kumyks">Kumyks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nogais" title="Nogais">Nogais</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ak_Nogai" title="Ak Nogai">Ak Nogai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karagash" title="Karagash">Karagash</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oghuz_Turks" title="Oghuz Turks">Oghuz Turks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis" title="Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayrums" title="Ayrums">Ayrums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karadaghis" title="Karadaghis">Karadaghis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahsevan" title="Shahsevan">Shahsevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis_in_Russia" title="Azerbaijanis in Russia">in Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dagestani_Azerbaijanis" title="Dagestani Azerbaijanis">in Dagestan</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayat_(tribe)" title="Bayat (tribe)">Bayats</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qajar_(tribe)" title="Qajar (tribe)">Qajars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karapapakhs" title="Karapapakhs">Karapapakhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCres%C3%BCnni" title="Küresünni">Küresünni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meskhetian_Turks" title="Meskhetian Turks">Meskhetian Turks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabs_in_the_Caucasus" title="Arabs in the Caucasus">Arabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Armenia" title="Assyrians in Armenia">in Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Azerbaijan" title="Assyrians in Azerbaijan">in Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Georgia" title="Assyrians in Georgia">in Georgia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Abkhazia" title="History of the Jews in Abkhazia">Abkhaz Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Armenia" title="History of the Jews in Armenia">Armenian Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Azerbaijan" title="History of the Jews in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijani Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Jews" title="Georgian Jews">Georgian Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Jews" title="Mountain Jews">Mountain Jews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmyks" title="Kalmyks">Kalmyks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities_in_Armenia" title="Ethnic minorities in Armenia">Ethnic minorities in Armenia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities_in_Azerbaijan" title="Ethnic minorities in Azerbaijan">Ethnic minorities in Azerbaijan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Ethnic minorities in Georgia (country)">Ethnic minorities in Georgia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Russia" title="Demographics of Russia">Ethnic minorities in Russia</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Unrepresented_Nations_and_Peoples_Organization114" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:UNPO" title="Template:UNPO"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:UNPO" title="Template talk:UNPO"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:UNPO" title="Special:EditPage/Template:UNPO"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Unrepresented_Nations_and_Peoples_Organization114" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <a href="/wiki/Unrepresented_Nations_and_Peoples_Organization" title="Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization">Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaners" title="Afrikaners">Afrikaners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barotseland" title="Barotseland">Barotseland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikelan" title="Ikelan">Bellah people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra">Biafra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haratin" title="Haratin">Haratin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabylia" title="Kabylia">Kabylia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogaden" title="Ogaden">Ogaden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogoni_people" title="Ogoni people">Ogoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oromia" title="Oromia">Oromo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basters" title="Basters">Rehoboth Basters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Togoland" title="Western Togoland">Western Togoland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_people" title="Yoruba people">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambesia" title="Zambesia">Zambesia</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UNPO.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/UNPO.svg/120px-UNPO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/UNPO.svg/250px-UNPO.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_Aceh_Movement" title="Free Aceh Movement">Aceh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan">Balochistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Hill_Tracts" title="Chittagong Hill Tracts">Chittagong Hill Tracts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Turkestan" title="East Turkestan">East Turkestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilgit-Baltistan" title="Gilgit-Baltistan">Gilgit Baltistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_people" title="Hmong people">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Kurdistan" title="Iranian Kurdistan">Iranian Kurdistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_Krom" title="Khmer Krom">Khmer Krom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khuzestani_Arabs" title="Khuzestani Arabs">Khuzestani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madheshi_people" title="Madheshi people">Madhesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagaland" title="Nagaland">Nagaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_(Iran)" title="Azerbaijan (Iran)">Southern Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_South_Maluku" title="Republic of South Maluku">South Moluccas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Southern Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Tibetan_Administration" title="Central Tibetan Administration">Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan_province" title="Sistan and Baluchestan province">West Balochistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatars</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lezghin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoy" title="Savoy">Savoy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_West_Papua" title="Republic of West Papua">West Papuans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_Russia226" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_of_Russia" title="Template:Ethnic groups of Russia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_of_Russia" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups of Russia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_of_Russia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups of Russia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_Russia226" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Russia" title="Ethnic groups in Russia">Ethnic groups in Russia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_larger_indigenous_peoples_of_Russia" title="List of larger indigenous peoples of Russia">Titular<br />nationalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circassians" title="Circassians">Adyghe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bzhedugs" title="Bzhedugs">Bzhedugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natukhajs" title="Natukhajs">Natukhajs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shapsugs" title="Shapsugs">Shapsugs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altai_people" title="Altai people">Altaians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chelkans" title="Chelkans">Chelkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telengits" title="Telengits">Telengits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubalars" title="Tubalars">Tubalars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkars" title="Balkars">Balkars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkirs" title="Bashkirs">Bashkirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buryats" title="Buryats">Buryats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechens" title="Chechens">Chechens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aukhs" title="Aukhs">Aukhovite Chechens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chukchi_people" title="Chukchi people">Chukchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuvash_people" title="Chuvash people">Chuvash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassians" title="Circassians">Cherkess</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Besleney" title="Besleney">Besleney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ademey" title="Ademey">Ademey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_larger_indigenous_peoples_of_Russia#Indigenous_peoples_of_Dagestan" title="List of larger indigenous peoples of Russia">Indigenous peoples of Dagestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingush_people" title="Ingush people">Ingush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardians" title="Kabardians">Kabardians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmyks" title="Kalmyks">Kalmyks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karachays" title="Karachays">Karachays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karelians" title="Karelians">Karelians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khakas" title="Khakas">Khakas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koibal_people" title="Koibal people">Koibals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abugach" title="Abugach">Abugach</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanty" title="Khanty">Khanty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_peoples" title="Komi peoples">Komi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Izhma_Komi" title="Izhma Komi">Izhma Komi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_peoples" title="Komi peoples">Komi-Permyak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansi_people" title="Mansi people">Mansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_people" title="Mari people">Mari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Mari_people" title="Eastern Mari people">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_Mari_people" title="Hill Mari people">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meadow_Mari_people" title="Meadow Mari people">Meadow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordvins" title="Mordvins">Mordvins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mokshas" title="Mokshas">Mokshas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erzyas" title="Erzyas">Erzyas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enets" title="Enets">Nenets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khandeyar" title="Khandeyar">Khandeyar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetians" title="Ossetians">Ossetians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digor_people" title="Digor people">Digors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_people" title="Iron people">Irons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amur-Ussuri_Cossacks" title="Amur-Ussuri Cossacks">Amur-Ussuri Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baikal_Cossacks" title="Baikal Cossacks">Baikal Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuban_Cossacks" title="Kuban Cossacks">Kuban Cossacks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomors" title="Pomors">Pomors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvans" title="Tuvans">Tuvans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tozhu_Tuvans" title="Tozhu Tuvans">Tozhu Tuvans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurts" title="Udmurts">Udmurts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga_Tatars" title="Volga Tatars">Volga Tatars</a> <ul><li>as <a href="/wiki/Tatars" title="Tatars">Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Tatars" title="Astrakhan Tatars">Astrakhan Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryashens" title="Kryashens">Kryashens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mishar_Tatars" title="Mishar Tatars">Mishar Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Na%C4%9Fayb%C3%A4k" title="Nağaybäk">Nağaybäks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakuts" title="Yakuts">Yakuts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_indigenous_peoples_of_Russia" title="List of minor indigenous peoples of Russia">Indigenous<br />peoples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_indigenous_peoples_of_Russia#Far_North" title="List of minor indigenous peoples of Russia">Far North</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleuts" title="Aleuts">Aleuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chukchi_people" title="Chukchi people">Chukchis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chulyms" title="Chulyms">Chulyms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuvans" title="Chuvans">Chuvans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolgans" title="Dolgans">Dolgans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enets" title="Enets">Enets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itelmens" title="Itelmens">Itelmens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamchadals" title="Kamchadals">Kamchadals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kereks" title="Kereks">Kereks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ket_people" title="Ket people">Kets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanty" title="Khanty">Khanty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koryaks" title="Koryaks">Koryaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alyutors" title="Alyutors">Alyutors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apuka" title="Apuka">Apuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaga_people" title="Karaga people">Karaga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansi_people" title="Mansi people">Mansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naukan_people" title="Naukan people">Naukan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nenets_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Nenets people">Nenets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khandeyar" title="Khandeyar">Khandeyar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nganasan_people" title="Nganasan people">Nganasans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selkup_people" title="Selkup people">Selkups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugh_people" title="Yugh people">Yughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukaghir_people" title="Yukaghir people">Yukaghir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Yupik" title="Siberian Yupik">Yupiks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Russia" title="Northwest Russia">Northwest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Izhorians" title="Izhorians">Izhorians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Sámi peoples">Sámi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setos" title="Setos">Setos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vepsians" title="Vepsians">Vepsians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votians" title="Votians">Votians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East#Traditional_ethnic_groups" title="Russian Far East">Far East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ainu_people" title="Ainu people">Ainus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evenks" class="mw-redirect" title="Evenks">Evenks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamnigan" title="Hamnigan">Hamnigans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evens" title="Evens">Evens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanai_people" title="Nanai people">Nanai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negidals" title="Negidals">Negidals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nivkh_people" title="Nivkh people">Nivkhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroch_people" title="Oroch people">Orochs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orok_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Orok people">Oroks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taz_people" title="Taz people">Taz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udege_people" title="Udege people">Udege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulch_people" title="Ulch people">Ulchs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Siberia" title="Indigenous peoples of Siberia">Siberia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamasins" title="Kamasins">Kamasins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumandins" title="Kumandins">Kumandins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shors" title="Shors">Shors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aba_people" title="Aba people">Aba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyot" title="Soyot">Soyots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Tatars" title="Siberian Tatars">Siberian Tatars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baraba_Tatars" title="Baraba Tatars">Baraba Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chat_Tatars" title="Chat Tatars">Chat Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eushta_Tatars" title="Eushta Tatars">Eushta Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmak_Tatars" title="Kalmak Tatars">Kalmak Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Bukharans" title="Siberian Bukharans">Siberian Bukharans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabolotnie_Tatars" title="Zabolotnie Tatars">Zabolotnie Tatars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleuts" title="Teleuts">Teleuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofalar" title="Tofalar">Tofalars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dagestan#Ethnic_groups" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abazins" title="Abazins">Abazins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aghul_people" title="Aghul people">Aghuls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aukhs" title="Aukhs">Aukhovite Chechens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avars_(Caucasus)" title="Avars (Caucasus)">Avars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhvakh_people" title="Akhvakh people">Akhvakhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andi_people" title="Andi people">Andis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archi_people" title="Archi people">Archis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagvalal_people" title="Bagvalal people">Bagvalals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezhta_people" title="Bezhta people">Bezhtas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botlikh_people" title="Botlikh people">Botlikhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamalal_people" title="Chamalal people">Chamalals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godoberi_people" title="Godoberi people">Godoberi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinukh_people" title="Hinukh people">Hinukhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunzib_people" title="Hunzib people">Hunzibs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karata_people" title="Karata people">Karatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khwarshi_people" title="Khwarshi people">Khwarshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tindi_people" title="Tindi people">Tindis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsez_people" title="Tsez people">Tsez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagestani_Azerbaijanis" title="Dagestani Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dargins" title="Dargins">Dargins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaitags" title="Kaitags">Kaitags</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumyks" title="Kumyks">Kumyks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laks_(Caucasus)" title="Laks (Caucasus)">Laks</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lezgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nogais" title="Nogais">Nogais</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ak_Nogai" title="Ak Nogai">Ak Nogai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karagash" title="Karagash">Karagash</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutul_people" title="Rutul people">Rutuls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_people" title="Tabasaran people">Tabasarans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talysh_people" title="Talysh people">Talysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tat_people_(Caucasus)" title="Tat people (Caucasus)">Tats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsakhur_people" title="Tsakhur people">Tsakhurs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_Indigenous_peoples_of_Russia#Other" class="mw-redirect" title="List of minor Indigenous peoples of Russia">Other</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Besermyan" title="Besermyan">Besermyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tver_Karelians" title="Tver Karelians">Tver Karelians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other ethnic peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazians" title="Abkhazians">Abkhaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghans_in_Russia" title="Afghans in Russia">Afghans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabs_in_the_Caucasus" title="Arabs in the Caucasus">Arabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Russia" title="Armenians in Russia">Armenians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherkesogai" title="Cherkesogai">Cherkesogai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrians_in_Russia" title="Assyrians in Russia">Assyrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis_in_Russia" title="Azerbaijanis in Russia">Azerbaijanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusians_in_Russia" title="Belarusians in Russia">Belarusians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosniaks" title="Bosniaks">Bosniaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_people" title="British people">Britons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukharan_Jews" title="Bukharan Jews">Bukharan Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Karaites" title="Crimean Karaites">Crimean Karaites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubans" title="Cubans">Cubans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechs" title="Czechs">Czechs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungan_people" title="Dungan people">Dungans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Setos" title="Setos">Setos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finns" title="Finns">Finns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ingrian_Finns" title="Ingrian Finns">Ingrian Finns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murmansk_Finns" title="Murmansk Finns">Murmansk Finns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Finns" title="Siberian Finns">Siberian Finns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_people" title="French people">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagauz_people" title="Gagauz people">Gagauz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgians_in_Russia" title="Georgians in Russia">Georgians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjarians" title="Adjarians">Adjarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingiloy_people" title="Ingiloy people">Ingiloy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laz_people" title="Laz people">Laz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mingrelians" title="Mingrelians">Mingrelians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svans" title="Svans">Svans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Jews in Georgia">Georgian Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_Germans" title="Russia Germans">Germans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Mennonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Mennonite">Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga_Germans" title="Volga Germans">Volga Germans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_Russia_and_Ukraine" title="Greeks in Russia and Ukraine">Greeks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urums" title="Urums">Urums</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Chinese_in_Russia" title="Ethnic Chinese in Russia">Han</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemshin_people" title="Hemshin people">Hamshenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_diaspora" title="Hungarian diaspora">Hungarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Russia" title="Indians in Russia">Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_people_in_Russia" title="Japanese people in Russia">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Russia" title="History of the Jews in Russia">Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhs_in_Russia" title="Kazakhs in Russia">Kazakhs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Kazakhs" title="Astrakhan Kazakhs">Astrakhan Kazakhs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koryo-saram" title="Koryo-saram">Koreans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Koreans_in_Russia" title="North Koreans in Russia">North Koreans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin_Koreans" title="Sakhalin Koreans">Sakhalin Koreans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krymchaks" title="Krymchaks">Krymchaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Russia" title="Kurds in Russia">Kurds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_people" title="Kyrgyz people">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvians_in_Russia" title="Latvians in Russia">Latvians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latgalians_(modern)" title="Latgalians (modern)">Latgalians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanians_in_Russia" title="Lithuanians in Russia">Lithuanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_diaspora" title="Macedonian diaspora">Macedonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meskhetian_Turks" title="Meskhetian Turks">Meskhetian Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovans_in_Russia" title="Moldovans in Russia">Moldovans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrins" title="Montenegrins">Montenegrins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Jews" title="Mountain Jews">Mountain Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyuli#Lyuli_in_Russia" title="Lyuli">Mugat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegians" title="Norwegians">Norwegians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kola_Norwegians" title="Kola Norwegians">Kola Norwegians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis" title="Pakistanis">Pakistanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamiris" title="Pamiris">Pamiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranians_in_Russia" title="Iranians in Russia">Persians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_minority_in_Russia" title="Polish minority in Russia">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Roma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruska_Roma" title="Ruska Roma">Ruska Roma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusyns" title="Rusyns">Rusyns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbs_in_Russia" title="Serbs in Russia">Serbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovaks" title="Slovaks">Slovaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenes" title="Slovenes">Slovenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaniards" title="Spaniards">Spaniards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedes" title="Swedes">Swedes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Swedes" title="Ural Swedes">Ural Swedes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Russia" title="Turks in Russia">Turks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udi_people" title="Udi people">Udis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainians_in_Russia" title="Ukrainians in Russia">Ukrainians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbeks_in_Russia" title="Uzbeks in Russia">Uzbeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_people_in_Russia" title="Vietnamese people in Russia">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazidism_in_Russia" title="Yazidism in Russia">Yazidis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unrecognized peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Russians" title="Afro-Russians">Africans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazians_of_African_descent" title="Abkhazians of African descent">Afro-Abkhazians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainu_in_Russia" title="Ainu in Russia">Ainus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armeno-Tats" title="Armeno-Tats">Armeno-Tats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Jews" title="Astrakhan Jews">Astrakhan Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buzava" title="Buzava">Buzava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Greeks" title="Caucasus Greeks">Caucasus Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italians_of_Crimea" title="Italians of Crimea">Crimean Italians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Ingrian_Finnish" title="Siberian Ingrian Finnish">Korlaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontic_Greeks" title="Pontic Greeks">Pontic Greeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaratay" title="Qaratay">Qaratay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirenik_Eskimos" title="Sirenik Eskimos">Sireniki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Assimilated peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrzhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Agrzhan">Agrzhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asan_people" title="Asan people">Asans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arin_people" title="Arin people">Arins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chud" title="Chud">Chud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kott_people" title="Kott people">Kotts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muromians" class="mw-redirect" title="Muromians">Muroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merya_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Merya people">Merya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshchera_people" title="Meshchera people">Meshchera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumpokol_people" title="Pumpokol people">Pumpokols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Bukharans" title="Siberian Bukharans">Siberian Bukharans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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