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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Znaci_i_simptomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Znaci_i_simptomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Znaci i simptomi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Znaci_i_simptomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uzrok" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uzrok"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Uzrok</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uzrok-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Uzrok</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uzrok-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tipovi_virusa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tipovi_virusa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Tipovi virusa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tipovi_virusa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prijenos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prijenos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Prijenos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prijenos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liječenje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liječenje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Liječenje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liječenje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prevencija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prevencija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Prevencija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prevencija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historija_bolesti_gripe_i_njezine_pandemije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historija_bolesti_gripe_i_njezine_pandemije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Historija bolesti gripe i njezine pandemije</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historija_bolesti_gripe_i_njezine_pandemije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Istraživanja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istraživanja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Istraživanja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istraživanja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjske_veze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjske_veze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Vanjske veze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjske_veze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Influenca</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 145 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-145" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">145 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griep" title="Griep — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Griep" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Švajcarsko nemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Švajcarsko nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe" title="Gripe — Aragonežanski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Gripe" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonežanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7" title="إنفلونزا — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إنفلونزا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7" title="انفلونزا — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انفلونزا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A7%B1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE" title="ইনফ্লুৱেঞ্জা — Asemijski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইনফ্লুৱেঞ্জা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Asemijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe" title="Gripe — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gripe" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE" title="इनफ़्लुएंज़ा — Avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="इनफ़्लुएंज़ा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurma_usu" title="Jurma usu — Ajmara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Jurma usu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Ajmara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qrip" title="Qrip — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qrip" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%81%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7" title="آنفولانزا — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آنفولانزا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF" title="Грипп — Baškir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Грипп" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baškir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grips" title="Grips — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Grips" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF" title="Грып — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Грып" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF" title="Грып — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Грып" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Грип — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Грип" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%82%E1%80%AB%E1%82%8F" title="တုတ်ကွေးရောႏဂါႏ — Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="တုတ်ကွေးရောႏဂါႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE" title="ইনফ্লুয়েঞ্জা — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইনফ্লুয়েঞ্জা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཚད་རིམས། — Tibetanski" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཚད་རིམས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grip" title="Grip — Bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Grip" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripa" title="Gripa — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gripa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Хэжэг — Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хэжэг" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grip" title="Grip — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grip" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%B9-h%C3%A8ng-s%C3%A9ng_g%C4%81ng-m%C3%B4%CC%A4" title="Liù-hèng-séng gāng-mô̤ — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Liù-hèng-séng gāng-mô̤" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D9%81%D9%84%DB%86%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7" title="ئەنفلۆنزا — centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەنفلۆنزا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C5%99ipka" title="Chřipka — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chřipka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripa" title="Gripa — Kašubijanski" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Gripa" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kašubijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_ffliw" title="Y ffliw — Velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y ffliw" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%8A%DE%AA%DE%8D%DE%AA%DE%87%DE%AC%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%92%DE%A7" title="އިންފުލުއެންޒާ — Divehijski" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އިންފުލުއެންޒާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%80%CE%B7" title="Γρίπη — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γρίπη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripo" title="Gripo — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gripo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe" title="Gripe — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gripe" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripp" title="Gripp — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gripp" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe" title="Gripe — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gripe" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7" title="آنفلوانزا — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنفلوانزا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenssa" title="Influenssa — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Influenssa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Fidžijski" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fidžijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grippe" title="Grippe — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grippe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripa" title="Gripa — Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Gripa" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Severno-frizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Severno-frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gryp" title="Gryp — Frizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Gryp" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fli%C3%BA" title="Fliú — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fliú" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrip" title="Lagrip — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lagrip" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_cnatan-m%C3%B2r" title="An cnatan-mòr — Škotski Galski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An cnatan-mòr" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Škotski Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe" title="Gripe — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gripe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mba%27asyparar%C3%A3" title="Mba'asypararã — Gvarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mba'asypararã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Gvarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%B9-h%C3%A0ng-sin_k%C3%A1m-mo" title="Liù-hàng-sin kám-mo — hakka kineski" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Liù-hàng-sin kám-mo" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%AA" title="שפעת — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שפעת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE" title="इनफ़्लुएंज़ा — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इनफ़्लुएंज़ा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukhaar" title="Bukhaar — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Bukhaar" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripa" title="Gripa — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gripa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grip" title="Grip — Haićanski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Grip" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haićanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BA" title="Գրիպ — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գրիպ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trangkaso" title="Trangkaso — Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Trangkaso" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenzo" title="Influenzo — Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Influenzo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infl%C3%BAensa" title="Inflúensa — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Inflúensa" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%95%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B6" title="インフルエンザ — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インフルエンザ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98" title="გრიპი — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გრიპი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripp" title="Gripp — Kara-kalpaški" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Gripp" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-kalpaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tussit" title="Tussit — Kabile" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tussit" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabile" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%B1%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Тұмау — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тұмау" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9C" title="ಇನ್ಫ್ಲುಯೆನ್ಜ — Kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇನ್ಫ್ಲುಯೆನ್ಜ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%97%94%EC%9E%90" title="인플루엔자 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인플루엔자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsim" title="Arsim — Kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Arsim" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF" title="Грипп — Kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Грипп" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influentia" title="Influentia — Latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Influentia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripp" title="Gripp — Luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gripp" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grippa" title="Grippa — lombardski" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Grippa" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%C3%A1li_na_m%C9%94p%C9%9Bp%C9%9B" title="Maláli na mɔpɛpɛ — Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Maláli na mɔpɛpɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripas" title="Gripas — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gripas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripa" title="Gripa — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gripa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripa" title="Gripa — Malagazijski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Gripa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagazijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Грип — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Грип" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8" title="ഇൻഫ്ലുവെൻസ — Malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇൻഫ്ലുവെൻസ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE" title="इन्फ्लुएन्झा — Marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इन्फ्लुएन्झा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%82%E1%80%AB" title="တုပ်ကွေးရောဂါ — Burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တုပ်ကွေးရောဂါ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripp" title="Gripp — Niski nemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Gripp" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niski nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE" title="इन्फ्लुएन्जा — Nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इन्फ्लुएन्जा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griep" title="Griep — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Griep" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influensa" title="Influensa — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Influensa" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influensa" title="Influensa — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Influensa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahoniig%C3%A1%C3%A1h" title="Tahoniigááh — Navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tahoniigááh" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripa" title="Gripa — Provansalski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gripa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Provansalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%AC%AB%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%8F%E0%AC%9E%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BE" title="ଇନ୍‌ଫ୍ଲୁଏଞ୍ଜା — Orijski" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଇନ୍‌ଫ୍ଲୁଏଞ୍ଜା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Orijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਇਨਫਲੂਐਨਜ਼ਾ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਨਫਲੂਐਨਜ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grip" title="Grip — Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Grip" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grypa" title="Grypa — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grypa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%84%DB%81" title="نزلہ — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نزلہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe" title="Gripe — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gripe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhulli" title="Chhulli — Kvenča" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chhulli" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kvenča" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infuluwanza" title="Infuluwanza — Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Infuluwanza" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grip%C4%83" title="Gripă — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gripă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aremi" title="Aremi — Aromanijski" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Aremi" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF" title="Грипп — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Грипп" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Хрипка — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Хрипка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF" title="Грипп — Jakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Грипп" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haingles" title="Haingles — Škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Haingles" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D8%B2%DA%AA%D8%A7%D9%85" title="وبائي زڪام — Sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وبائي زڪام" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F" title="ඉන්ෆ්ලුවෙන්සා — Singaleski" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉන්ෆ්ලුවෙන්සා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singaleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Influenza" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chr%C3%ADpka" title="Chrípka — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chrípka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripa" title="Gripa — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Gripa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hargab" title="Hargab — Somalski" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Hargab" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripi" title="Gripi — Albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gripi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Грип — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Грип" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influensa" title="Influensa — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Influensa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homa_ya_mafua" title="Homa ya mafua — Svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Homa ya mafua" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE" title="இன்ஃபுளுவென்சா — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இன்ஃபுளுவென்சா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%82" title="ఫ్లూ — Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఫ్లూ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF" title="Грипп — Tađik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Грипп" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tađik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%88" title="ไข้หวัดใหญ่ — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไข้หวัดใหญ่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BCmew" title="Dümew — Turkmenski" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Dümew" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trangkaso" title="Trangkaso — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Trangkaso" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grip" title="Grip — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Grip" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukhuhlwana" title="Mukhuhlwana — Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Mukhuhlwana" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF" title="Грипп — Tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Грипп" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF" title="Грипп — Tuvinijski" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Грипп" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Грип — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Грип" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%84%DB%81" title="نزلہ — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نزلہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripp" title="Gripp — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gripp" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influensa" title="Influensa — venecijanski" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Influensa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venecijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAm" title="Cúm — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cúm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griep" title="Griep — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Griep" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vir%C3%BBsse_del_gripe" title="Virûsse del gripe — Valun" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Virûsse del gripe" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Valun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trangkaso" title="Trangkaso — Varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Trangkaso" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="流行性感冒 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="流行性感冒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98" title="გრიპი — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გრიპი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%A2" title="גריפע — Jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גריפע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80r%C3%B9n_g%C3%A1g%C3%A1" title="Àrùn gágá — Jorubanski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àrùn gágá" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Jorubanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="流行性感冒 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="流行性感冒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%BB-h%C3%AAng-s%C3%A8ng_k%C3%A1m-m%C5%8D%CD%98" title="Liû-hêng-sèng kám-mō͘ — min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Liû-hêng-sèng kám-mō͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="流行性感冒 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="流行性感冒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2840#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Influenca" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor:Influenca&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Razgovarajte o sadržini ove stranice (stranica ne postoji) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Promijeni jezičnu varijantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Latinica</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-sh-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&variant=sh-latn" lang="sh-Latn" hreflang="sh-Latn"><span>Latinica</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-sh-Cyrl mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&variant=sh-cyrl" lang="sh-Cyrl" hreflang="sh-Cyrl"><span>Ћирилица</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Teme"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Influenca"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=history" title="Pogledajte prethodne verzije ove stranice [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alatke" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alatke</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Alati</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Više mogućnosti" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Radnje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Influenca"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=history"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Opšte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:%C5%A0to_vodi_ovdje/Influenca" title="Pogledajte listu svih stranica koje vode ovamo [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Šta vodi ovamo</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Povezane_izmjene/Influenca" rel="nofollow" title="Prelistajte nedavne izmjene stranica koje su povezane s ovom [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane izmjene</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Posebne_stranice" title="Pregledajte listu svih posebnih stranica [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne stranice</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&oldid=41857812" title="Nabavite trajnu vezu do ove verzije stranice"><span>Trajna veza</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=info" title="Pronađite više informacija o ovoj stranici"><span>Podaci o stranici</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Citiraj&page=Influenca&id=41857812&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Saznajte kako da citirate ovu stranicu"><span>Citiraj stranicu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Skra%C4%87iva%C4%8D_adresa&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FInfluenca"><span>Skrati URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FInfluenca"><span>Preuzmi QR kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Štampanje/izvoz </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Kolekcija&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Influenca"><span>Napravi knjigu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:DownloadAsPdf&page=Influenca&action=show-download-screen"><span>Preuzmi kao PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&printable=yes" title="Odštampajte ovu stranicu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Odštampaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na drugim projektima </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Influenza" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2840" title="Pogledajte povezanu stavku u skladištu podataka [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Stavka na Wikipodacima</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r42165048">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Disambig.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/20px-Disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/30px-Disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/40px-Disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="183" /></a></span> „Grip” preusmjerava ovdje. Za ostala značenja, v. <a href="/wiki/Grip_(razvrstavanje)" class="mw-disambig" title="Grip (razvrstavanje)">Grip (razvrstavanje)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41262443">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-spacing:3px;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:black;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;padding:0.2em;float:right;clear:right;font-size:88%;line-height:1.5em;width:22em}.mw-parser-output .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox-below,.mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,.mw-parser-output .infobox-image,.mw-parser-output .infobox-navbar,.mw-parser-output .infobox th,.mw-parser-output .infobox td{vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox th,.mw-parser-output .infobox td{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-title,.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox-title,.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{padding:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-subheader,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-image,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-below{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-navbar{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .wikitable.plainrowheaders th[scope=row],.mw-parser-output .wikitable.plainrowheaders th[scope=rowgroup]{font-weight:normal;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .wikitable td ul,.mw-parser-output .wikitable td ol,.mw-parser-output .wikitable td dl{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.mw-hiero-table td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .infobox .entete{height:45px;vertical-align:middle}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ddd">Gripa</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><em></em></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:EM_of_influenza_virus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/EM_of_influenza_virus.jpg/226px-EM_of_influenza_virus.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/EM_of_influenza_virus.jpg/339px-EM_of_influenza_virus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/EM_of_influenza_virus.jpg/452px-EM_of_influenza_virus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="743" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span style="color:#777;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus_influence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virus influence (stranica ne postoji)">Virus gripe</a>, uvećan oko 100.000 puta</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specijalnost_(medicina)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Specijalnost (medicina) (stranica ne postoji)">Specijalnost</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Infektivne_bolesti" title="Infektivne bolesti">Infektivne bolesti</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee;;">Klasifikacija i eksterni resursi</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ICD" class="mw-redirect" title="ICD">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" class="mw-redirect" title="ICD-10">10</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/J10">J10</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/J11">J11</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ICD" class="mw-redirect" title="ICD">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-9" class="mw-redirect" title="ICD-9">9</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=487">487</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Diseases_Database" title="Diseases Database">DiseasesDB</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb6791.htm">6791</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000080.htm">000080</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/EMedicine" title="EMedicine">eMedicine</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic1170.htm">med/1170</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic3006.htm#">ped/3006</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/MeSH" title="MeSH">MeSH</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D007251">D007251</a></td></tr><tr class="noprint"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2840" class="extiw" title="d:Q2840">uredi na Vikipodacima</a>]</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Influenca</b>, ili <b>gripa</b> ili <b>grip</b>, <a href="/wiki/Zarazna_bolest" class="mw-redirect" title="Zarazna bolest">zarazna bolest</a> primarno <a href="/wiki/Di%C5%A1ni_sistem" class="mw-redirect" title="Dišni sistem">disajnog sistema</a> uzrokovana je <a href="/wiki/Virus_(biologija)" title="Virus (biologija)">virusom</a> koji se prenosi kapljicama u zraku, koje su nastale <a href="/wiki/Kijanje" title="Kijanje">kijanjem</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%A1ljanje" class="mw-redirect" title="Kašljanje">kašljanjem</a> zaražene osobe.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO2014_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Većina zaraženih se oporavlja u roku od nedelu dana, mada se kod starijih osoba i onih sa <a href="/wiki/Astma" title="Astma">astmom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sr%C4%8Dana_bolest" title="Srčana bolest">srčanim</a> i plućnim bolestima mogu javiti komplikacije u obliku <a href="/wiki/Bronhitis" class="mw-disambig" title="Bronhitis">bronhitisa</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Upala_plu%C4%87a" title="Upala pluća">upale pluća</a>. Simptomi mogu da budu od blagih do ozbiljnih.<sup id="cite_ref-CDC2014Key_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDC2014Key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Najčešći <a href="/wiki/Simptom" class="mw-redirect" title="Simptom">simptomi</a> obuhvataju: visoku <a href="/wiki/Groznica" title="Groznica">temperaturu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhinorrhea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhinorrhea (stranica ne postoji)">curenje nosa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zapaljenje_grla" class="mw-redirect" title="Zapaljenje grla">zapaljenje grla</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mijalgija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mijalgija (stranica ne postoji)">bol u mišićima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glavobolja" title="Glavobolja">glavobolju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%A1alj" title="Kašalj">kašljanje</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Umor" title="Umor">osećaj umora</a>. Ovi simptomi tipično počinju dva dana nakon izlaganja virusu i uglavnom traju manje od nedelju dana. Kašalj, međutim, može da traje više od dve nedelje.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO2014_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kod dece se može javiti <a href="/wiki/Mu%C4%8Dnina" title="Mučnina">mučnina</a> i <a href="/wiki/Povra%C4%87anje" title="Povraćanje">povraćanje</a>, dok do toga obično ne dolazi kod odraslih. Mučnina i povraćanje se češće javljaju kod nevezane infekcije <a href="/wiki/Gastroenteritis" title="Gastroenteritis">gastroenteritisa</a>, koja se ponekad netačno naziva „stomačnim gripom“ ili „24-časovnim grip“.<sup id="cite_ref-Dub2011_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dub2011-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Komplikacije uzrokovane gripom mogu da obuhvataju <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viralna_pneumonija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viralna pneumonija (stranica ne postoji)">viralnu pneumoniju</a>, sekundarnu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bakterijska_pneumonija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bakterijska pneumonija (stranica ne postoji)">bakterijsku pneumoniju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinusna_infekcija" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinusna infekcija">sinusne infekcije</a>, i pogoršanje pređašnjih zdravstvenih problema uzrokovanih <a href="/wiki/Astma" title="Astma">astmom</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Zatajenje_srca" title="Zatajenje srca">zatajenjem srca</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CDC2014Key_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDC2014Key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Harr2012_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harr2012-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tri tipa influence utiču na ljude.<sup id="cite_ref-Harr2012_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harr2012-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Obično se virus širi putem vazduha iz kašlja i kijanja.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO2014_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is believed to occur mostly over relatively short distances.<sup id="cite_ref-Brankston2007_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brankston2007-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Takođe se može preneti dodirivanjem kontaminiranih površina i naknadnim dodirivanje usta ili očiju.<sup id="cite_ref-CDC2014Key_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDC2014Key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Brankston2007_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brankston2007-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Osoba može da bude zarazna za druge pre i tokom bolesti.<sup id="cite_ref-CDC2014Key_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDC2014Key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Infekcija se može potvrditi testiranjem grla, <a href="/wiki/Ispljuvak" title="Ispljuvak">ispljuvka</a>, ili nosa za prisustvo virusa. Više <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brzi_dijagnosti%C4%8Dki_test_gripe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brzi dijagnostički test gripe (stranica ne postoji)">brzih testova</a> je dostupno; mada ljudi mogu da imaju infekciju i ako su rezultati testa negativni. Tip <a href="/wiki/Polimerazna_lan%C4%8Dana_reakcija" title="Polimerazna lančana reakcija">polimerazne lančane reakcije</a> koji detektuje virusnu <a href="/wiki/RNK" title="RNK">RNK</a> je tačniji.<sup id="cite_ref-Harr2012_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harr2012-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Frekventno pranje ruku umanjuje rizik od infekcije pošto se virus inaktivira sapunom.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeff2011_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeff2011-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nošenje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirur%C5%A1ka_maska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirurška maska (stranica ne postoji)">hirurške maske</a> je isto tako korisno.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeff2011_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeff2011-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Svetska_zdravstvena_organizacija" class="mw-redirect" title="Svetska zdravstvena organizacija">Svetska zdravstvena organizacija</a> preporućuje godišnju <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vakcina_protiv_gripa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vakcina protiv gripa (stranica ne postoji)">vakcinaciju protiv gripa</a> za osobe sa visokim stepenom rizika. Vakcina je obično efektivna protiv tri ili četiri tipa gripa.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO2014_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ona se uglavnom dobro toleriše. Vakcina napravljena za jednu godinu ne mora da bude korisna naredne godine, zato što virus brzo evoluira. <a href="/wiki/Antivirusni_lek" title="Antivirusni lek">Antivirusni lekovi</a>, kao što je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inhibitor_neuraminidaze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inhibitor neuraminidaze (stranica ne postoji)">inhibitor neuraminidaze</a> <a href="/wiki/Oseltamivir" title="Oseltamivir">oseltamivir</a> između ostalih, se koriste za tretiranje gripa.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO2014_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Njihova koristnost kod onih koji su inače zdravi ne izgleda da nadmašuje rizike od njihove upotrebe.<sup id="cite_ref-Mich2013_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mich2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oni se nisu pokazali korisnim kod osoba sa drugim zdravstvenim problemima.<sup id="cite_ref-Mich2013_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mich2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ebe2013_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ebe2013-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Grip se širi po svetu u vidu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sezona_gripa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sezona gripa (stranica ne postoji)">godišnjih epidemija</a>, što dovodi do oko tri do pet miliona slučajeva ozbiljne bolesti i oko 250.000 do 500.000 smrtnih slučajeva.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO2014_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U severnim i južnim delovima sveta do širenja bolesti dolazi uglavnom tokom zime, dok se u oblastima oko ekvatora bolest može širiti u bilo kom dobu goine.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO2014_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smrtni slučajevi se javljaju uglavnom kod mladih, starih i osoba sa zdravstvenim problemima.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO2014_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Velike epidemije poznate kao <a href="/wiki/Pandemija" title="Pandemija">pandemije</a> su ređe.<sup id="cite_ref-Harr2012_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harr2012-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U 20. veku tri <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandemija_gripa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pandemija gripa (stranica ne postoji)">pandemije gripa</a> su se javile: <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panska_groznica" title="Španska groznica">Španski grip</a> iz 1918, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandemija_gripa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pandemija gripa (stranica ne postoji)">Azijski grip</a> iz 1958, i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandemija_gripa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pandemija gripa (stranica ne postoji)">Hong Kongški grip</a> iz 1968, svaki od kojih je doveo do više od miliona mrtvih.<sup id="cite_ref-TenThings_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TenThings-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Svetska_zdravstvena_organizacija" class="mw-redirect" title="Svetska zdravstvena organizacija">Svetska zdravstvena organizacija</a> je deklarisala epidemiju novog tipa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenza_A_virus_poddtip_H1N1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Influenza A virus poddtip H1N1 (stranica ne postoji)">influenza A/H1N1</a> kao <a href="/wiki/Pandemija_svinjske_influence_2009." title="Pandemija svinjske influence 2009.">pandemiju svinjske influence iz juna 2009</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Osim kod ljudi gripa se javlja u <a href="/wiki/Svinja" title="Svinja">svinja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doma%C4%87i_konj" title="Domaći konj">konja</a> i još nekih <a href="/wiki/Sisavac" title="Sisavac">sisara</a>, kao i kodu nekih divljih i domaćih <a href="/wiki/Ptica" title="Ptica">ptica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neki tipovi gripe mogu se prenositi sa jedne vrste na drugu. Na primjer, <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a>. u <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kongu</a> se soj virusa sa pilića počeo prenositi na ljude. Zbog visoke zaraznosti i širenja gripe često se pojavljuje u epidemijama, a ako se počne širiti po udaljenim krajevima svijeta (što nije rijetkost u današnjem svijetu brzih međunarodnih putovanja) naziva se <a href="/wiki/Pandemija" title="Pandemija">pandemija</a>. Svake godine više miliona ljudi oboli od gripe, a smrtnost je manja od 1%. Udruga SAD-a za kontrolu i prevenciju bolesti računa više od 20,000 smrti u <a href="/wiki/Sjedinjene_Ameri%C4%8Dke_Dr%C5%BEave" title="Sjedinjene Američke Države">SAD</a>-u uzrokovanih gripom. Pandemija gripe <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>-<a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>. godine, tzv. <i>španska gripa</i> ili <i>španjolka</i>, bila je najgora zabilježena te je ubila oko 20 miliona u svijetu. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Znaci_i_simptomi">Znaci i simptomi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Znaci i simptomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Znaci i simptomi"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; text-align:center; width:40%;"> <caption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senzitivnost_is_specifi%C4%8Dnost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senzitivnost is specifičnost (stranica ne postoji)">Najsenzitivniji</a> simptomi za dijagnozu gripe<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15728170_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15728170-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Simptom:</th> <th>Senzitivnost</th> <th>Specifičnost </th></tr> <tr> <th>Groznica </th> <td>68–86%</td> <td>25–73% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Kašalj </th> <td>84–98%</td> <td>7–29% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nazalna kongestija </th> <td>68–91%</td> <td>19–41% </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"> <p><small> </small></p><small> <ul><li>Svat tri nalaza, a posebno groznica, su manje senzitivni kod osoba sa više od 60 godina.</li></ul> </small><p><small></small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Symptoms_of_influenza.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Symptoms_of_influenza.svg/300px-Symptoms_of_influenza.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Symptoms_of_influenza.svg/450px-Symptoms_of_influenza.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Symptoms_of_influenza.svg/600px-Symptoms_of_influenza.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1050" /></a><figcaption>Simptomi gripa,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> pri čemu su groznica i kašalj najčešći simptomi.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15728170_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15728170-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Aproksimativno 33% ljudi sa gripom su asimptomatični.<sup id="cite_ref-AmericanJournalEpidemiology2008_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AmericanJournalEpidemiology2008-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Simptomi gripa mogu da počnu sasvim iznenadno jedan do dva dana nakon infekcije. Obično su prvi simptomi osećaj hladnoće ili hladna senzacija, mada je groznica isto tako česta u ranim stupnjevima infekcije, sa telesnim temperaturama u opsegu od 38 do 39 °C (aproksimativno 100 do 103 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mnogi ljudi su toliko bolesni da su vezani za krevet nekoliko dana, sa bolovima u celom telu, a najviše u leđima i nogama.<sup id="cite_ref-Merck_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Merck-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Simptomi influence mogu da budu: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groznica" title="Groznica">Groznica</a> i ekstremna hladnoća (groznica <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drhtavica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drhtavica (stranica ne postoji)">drhtavica</a>, trešenje))</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%A1alj" title="Kašalj">Kašalj</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nazalna_kongestija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nazalna kongestija (stranica ne postoji)">Nazalna kongestija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhinorrhea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhinorrhea (stranica ne postoji)">Curenje nosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kijanje" title="Kijanje">Kijanje</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mijalgija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mijalgija (stranica ne postoji)">Bolovi u telu</a>, posebno u zglobovima i grlu</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umor" title="Umor">Umor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glavobolja" title="Glavobolja">Glavobolja</a></li> <li>Iritacija, <a href="/wiki/Suze" title="Suze">vlaženje očiju</a></li> <li>Zacrvenele oči, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crvenjenje_(fiziologija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crvenjenje (fiziologija) (stranica ne postoji)">crvenilo</a> kože (posebno lica), usta, grla i nosa</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petehija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petehija (stranica ne postoji)">Petehijski osip</a><sup id="cite_ref-pmid10476766_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid10476766-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Kod dece, gastrointestinalni simptomi kao što je <a href="/wiki/Dijareja" class="mw-redirect" title="Dijareja">dijareja</a> i <a href="/wiki/Bol_u_trbuhu" title="Bol u trbuhu">bol u trbuhu</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Richards_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Richards-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (mogu da budu teški kod dece sa influenzom B)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Ponekad je teško da se napravi razlika između <a href="/wiki/Prehlada" title="Prehlada">obične prehlade</a> i influenze u ranim stadijumima tih infekcija,<sup id="cite_ref-Eccles_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eccles-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mada se prehlada može identifikovati po naglom počeku jake groznice i ekstremnom zamoru. Influenza je mešavina simptoma obične prehlade i <a href="/wiki/Pneumonija" class="mw-redirect" title="Pneumonija">pneumonije</a>, bola u telu, glavobolje, i zamora. Dijareja nije normalni simptom influenze kod odraslih osoba,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15728170_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15728170-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mada se javljala kod nekih slučajeva <a href="/wiki/H5N1" title="H5N1">H5N1</a> „ptičijeg gripa“<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i može da bude simptom kod dece.<sup id="cite_ref-Richards_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Richards-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Simptomi koji su najpouzdanije primetni kod influence su prikazani u tabeli s desne strane.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15728170_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15728170-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pošto su <a href="/wiki/Antivirusni_lek" title="Antivirusni lek">antivirusni lekovi</a> efektivni u tretiranju influenze ako su dati rano, važno je da dijagnoza što pre uspostavi. Od gore navedinih simptoma, kombinacije groznice sa kašljom, zapaljenja grla i/ili nazalna kongestija mogu da poboljšaju dijagnostičku preciznost.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid11088084_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid11088084-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dve studije <a href="/w/index.php?title=Analiza_odluka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analiza odluka (stranica ne postoji)">analize odluka</a><sup id="cite_ref-pmif12361816_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmif12361816-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pimd12965940_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pimd12965940-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sugerišu da će <i>tokom lokalnih epidemija</i> influenze <a href="/wiki/Prevalenca" title="Prevalenca">prevalenca</a> biti oko 70%,<sup id="cite_ref-pimd12965940_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pimd12965940-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i stoga će pacijenti sa bilo kojom od tih kombinacija simptoma će biti tretirani sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inhibitor_neuraminidaze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inhibitor neuraminidaze (stranica ne postoji)">inhibitorima neuraminidaze</a> bez testiranja. Čak i u odsustvu lokalne epidemije, tretman može da bude opravdan kod starijih osoba tokom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sezona_gripa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sezona gripa (stranica ne postoji)">sezone gripa</a> dokle god je rasprostranjenost preko 15%.<sup id="cite_ref-pimd12965940_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pimd12965940-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dostupni laboratorijski testovi za influenzu se konstantno poboljšavaju. Američki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centri_za_kontrolu_bolesti_i_prevenciju&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centri za kontrolu bolesti i prevenciju (stranica ne postoji)">Centri za kontrolu bolesti i prevenciju</a> (CDC) održavaju aktuelni pregled dostupnih laboratorijskih testova.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sledstveno CDC, brzi dijagnostički testovi imaju senzitivnost od 70–75% i specifičnost od 90–95% u poređenju sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viralna_kultura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viralna kultura (stranica ne postoji)">viralnim kulturama</a>. Ti testovi mogu da budu posebno korisni tokom sezone gripa (rasprostranjenost = 25%), ali u odsustvu lokalne epidemije, ili peri-influenzne sezone (rasprostranjenost = 10%<sup id="cite_ref-pimd12965940_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pimd12965940-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p><p>Povremeno, grip može da uzrokuje ozbilju bolest uključujući primarnu viralnu pneumoniju ili sekundarnu bakterijsku pneumoniju.<sup id="cite_ref-New-England-Journal-Medicine-Hospitalized-H1N1-Patients-2009_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New-England-Journal-Medicine-Hospitalized-H1N1-Patients-2009-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WHO-press-conference-Dr-Nikki-Shindo-12-Nov-2009_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO-press-conference-Dr-Nikki-Shindo-12-Nov-2009-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Očevidni simptom je teško disanje. Dodatno, ako dete (ili odrasla osoba) izgleda da se oseća bolje i zatim relapsira sa jakom groznicom, to je znak opasnosti pošto uzrok povraćaja može da bude bakterijska pneumonija.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimesDeniseGradySept2009_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesDeniseGradySept2009-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uzrok">Uzrok</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Uzrok" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Uzrok"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Riječ <b>influenca</b> - naučni naziv za gripu - dolazi iz <a href="/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik">latinske</a> riječi <i>influentia</i> što znači "utjecaj". Taj su naziv dali Italijani u ranom <a href="/wiki/16._vijek" title="16. vijek">16. vijeku</a> za svaku epidemiju zato što su mislili da je ona nastala zbog utjecaja nebeskih tijela. </p><p>Danas znanstvenici znaju da članovi porodice <i>Orthomyxoviridae</i>, grupe virusa koji napada <a href="/wiki/Kralje%C5%A1njaci" title="Kralješnjaci">kralježnjake</a>, uzrokuju gripu. Virus se sastoji od genetskog materijala ribonukleinske kiseline okruženog proteinskom ovojnicom i lipidnim omotačem iz kojeg izlaze štapići proteina hemaglutinina i neuraminidaze. Ti proteini se ponašaju kao <a href="/wiki/Antigen" title="Antigen">antigeni</a>, izazivaju imunosnu reakciju u čovjeku ili nekom drugom organizmu. Osim kao antigen, hemaglutinin omogućava virusu da se spoji i napadne <a href="/wiki/%C4%86elija_(biologija)" title="Ćelija (biologija)">stanicu</a>, a neuraminidaza omogućava virusu kretanje duž stanice. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tipovi_virusa">Tipovi virusa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Tipovi virusa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Tipovi virusa"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Postoje tri tipa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus_influence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virus influence (stranica ne postoji)">virusa gripe</a>. </p> <ul><li>Tip A je najopasniji, napada mnoge sisavce i ptice, uzrokuje većinu bolesti u čovjeka te je najizgledniji da stvori epidemiju.</li> <li>Tip B napada ljude i ptice te može isto uzrokovati epidemije.</li> <li>Tip C utječe samo na ljude i ne uzrokuje epidemije.</li></ul> <p>Virusi gripe tipa A i B stalno se mijenjaju. Neke promjene uključuju serije genetskih promjena, koje nakon nekog vremena uzrokuju <a href="/wiki/Mutacija" title="Mutacija">mutaciju</a> virusa. One su najčešće i uzrokuju većinu promjena iz jedne godine na slijedeću. Druga promjena, rjeđa ali opasnija, sastoji se od promjena hemaglutinina ili neuraminidaze, te rezultira novim podtipom virusa. Virus tipa A podliježe oboma promjenama, a tipa B samo onoj prvoj. </p><p>Naučnici dalje razlikuju viruse po sojevima, uglavnom nazvanim po geografskom području gdje su prvi put detektirani. Na primjer, sojevi koji su sezone gripe <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>-<a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>. uzrokovali najviše bolesti bili su tip A soj Nova Kaledonija i soj Moskva i tip B soj Sišuan. </p><p>Kada osoba bude zaražena jednim sojem gripe ona na taj soj razvija <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imunost (stranica ne postoji)">imunost</a> razvijajući <a href="/wiki/Antitijela" class="mw-redirect" title="Antitijela">antitijela</a>. Ljudski imunosni sustav može prepoznati sojev hemaglutinin ili neuraminidazu te ga napasti pri pojavi. Antitijela mogu pružati zaštitu pri promjeni virusovog genetskog materijala, ali ne i hemaglutinina ili neuraminidaze. Tako virusi zbog čestih promjena, mogu uzrokovati nove valove upala i kod već zaraženih osoba. Naučnici nisu sigurni što uzrokuje takve promjene, no vodeća je teorija da ljudski i životinjski sojevi izmjenjuju tvari tvoreći tako novi soj. Tako soj može zaraziti čovjeka a da čovjekov imunosni sustav ne prepozna njegove antigene. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prijenos">Prijenos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Prijenos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Prijenos"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus_influence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virus influence (stranica ne postoji)">Virus gripe</a> se prenosi u kapljicama izbačenim tijekom kihanja odnosno kašljanja. Kada osoba udahne virusom ispunjenu kapljicu, hemaglutinin na površini virusa se veže za enzime u sluznici koji se nalaze na dišnom traktu. <a href="/wiki/Enzim" title="Enzim">Enzim</a> zvan <a href="/wiki/Proteaza" title="Proteaza">proteaza</a>, reže hemaglutinin na pola, što genetskom materijalu dozvoljava da uđe u stanicu i počne se množiti. Proteaza je brojna u dišnom i probavnom traktu, te je zbog toga gripa uzrok bolesti dišnih putova. <a href="/wiki/1990-e" title="1990-e">1990-ih</a> su znanstvenici otkrili da virus može koristiti i <a href="/wiki/Plazmin" title="Plazmin">plazmin</a> (enzim kojeg ima svugdje u tijelu) da prepolovi hemaglutinin, te si tako omogućiti napadanje brojnih drugih tkiva. </p><p>Iako epidemija gripe može nastati u bilo koje doba godine, često sezona gripe počinje približavanjem zime, kada se ljudi više nalaze u grupama u zatvorenom prostoru, autobusima, podzemnim željeznicama i drugim slabo provjetravanim prostorima. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liječenje"><span id="Lije.C4.8Denje"></span>Liječenje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak Liječenje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Liječenje"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>simptomatsko: preporučeni tretman se obično sastoji od odmora i uzimanja mnogo tekućine, vitamina C, antipiretici kod povišene temp. ( pri temp. iznad 38 u odraslih, iznad 39 u djece ! ).</li> <li>antivirotska - inhibitori neuraminidaze ( najpoznatiji oseltamivir )</li> <li>antibiotska za bakt. komplikacije</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prevencija">Prevencija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Prevencija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Prevencija"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cijepljenje - koristi se TRIVALENTNA mrtva vakcina. Antigeni u cjepivu stimuliraju imunosni sustav da proizvede antitijela protiv tog soja te ga u ranom stadiju prepoznaje, napada i uništava. Otprilike 5 od 10 cijepljenih osoba osjeća blage, privremene simptome peckanja na mjestu uboda. Tipično cjepivo sadrži antigene triju sojeva virusa, dva soja tipa A i jedan tipa B, te u zdravih osoba smanjuje rizik od gripe za 60-80%. </p><p>Preporučuje se godišnje cijepljenje osoba starijih od 65 godina, osoba sa kroničnom bolešću srca, pluća ili bubrega, dijabetičara, osoba sa oštećenim imunosnim sustavom i anemijom, djece liječene aspirinom kroz duže vremensko razdoblje, žena u 2. i 3.mj. trudnoće, zdravstvenih djelatnika te ostalih službi čija je radna aktivnot od općeg značaja za zajednicu ( policija, vatrogasci... ). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historija_bolesti_gripe_i_njezine_pandemije">Historija bolesti gripe i njezine pandemije</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odjeljak Historija bolesti gripe i njezine pandemije" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Historija bolesti gripe i njezine pandemije"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stručnjaci smatraju da svi virusi gripe potječu od virusa u divljim patkama i ostaloj vodenoj peradi. Neki od tih virusa su prešli na ljude prije mnogo tisuća godina. Historičari su pronašli epidemije gripe u <a href="/wiki/Evropa" title="Evropa">Evropi</a> <a href="/wiki/1510" title="1510">1510</a>, <a href="/wiki/1557" title="1557">1557</a>. i <a href="/wiki/1580" title="1580">1580</a>. Epidemija 1580. se također proširila u <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afriku</a> i <a href="/wiki/Azija" title="Azija">Aziju</a> postavši prva poznata pandemija. </p><p>Pandemije su se pojavljivale svako toliko: <a href="/wiki/1729" title="1729">1729</a>-<a href="/wiki/1730" title="1730">1730</a>., <a href="/wiki/1732" title="1732">1732</a>-<a href="/wiki/1733" title="1733">1733</a>., <a href="/wiki/1781" title="1781">1781</a>-<a href="/wiki/1782" title="1782">1782</a>., <a href="/wiki/1830" title="1830">1830</a>-<a href="/wiki/1831" title="1831">1831</a>., <a href="/wiki/1833" title="1833">1833</a>., <a href="/wiki/1889" title="1889">1889</a>.-<a href="/wiki/1890" title="1890">1890</a>. Ova zadnja, zvana Ruska gripa (zato što je u Evropu stigla sa istoka), prva je detaljno opisana pandemija. </p><p>U 20. vijeku pandemije su se javile 1918-1919., <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a>-<a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a>., <a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a>-<a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a>., a zdravstvene organizacije očekuju nove pandemije slijedećih godina. </p><p>Pandemija 1918-1919., je najdestruktivnija u modernoj povijesti. Počela je krajem <a href="/wiki/Prvi_svjetski_rat" title="Prvi svjetski rat">prvog svjetskog rata</a> i uzrokovala 20 miliona mrtvih, dvostruko više nego sam rat. Gdje je počela nije sigurno, no prozvana je Španska zbog prvih većih utjecaja u <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panija" title="Španija">Španiji</a>. Bolest je bila izuzetno smrtonosna, a umirale su i osobe u dobi od 20-40 godina što je neobično za gripu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istraživanja"><span id="Istra.C5.BEivanja"></span>Istraživanja</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odjeljak Istraživanja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Istraživanja"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tokom <a href="/w/index.php?title=1890-te&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1890-te (stranica ne postoji)">1890-ih</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=1910-te&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1910-te (stranica ne postoji)">1910-ih</a> naučnici su shvatili da mikroorganizmi uzrokuju bolesti. Većina istraživanja se fokusiralo na bakterije koje su vidljive pod svjetlosnim mikroskopom i mogu se izolirati filtrima. No tehnologija u ono vrijeme sprječavala je identifikaciju uzročnika bolesti malih kao što su virusi. 1890-ih njemački je bakteriolog <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_F.J._Pfeiffer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard F.J. Pfeiffer (stranica ne postoji)">Richard F.J. Pfeiffer</a> izjavio da je našao uzročnika gripe, bakteriju <i>Haemophilius influenzae</i>. Daljnja istraživanja su vidjela da ta bakterija nije prisutna u svim zaraženim osobama te se zaključilo da je ona samo uzročnik sekundarnih infekcija. </p><p>Dugo se mislilo da se gripa javlja samo u ljudi dok oko <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a>. američki bakteriolog <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_E._Shope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard E. Shope (stranica ne postoji)">Richard E. Shope</a> nije pokazao da je moguć prijenos bolesti sličnoj gripi sa jedne svinje na drugu. Od tada se u svrhe istraživanja gripe koriste životinje. <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a>. engleski liječnici <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilson_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilson Smith (stranica ne postoji)">Wilson Smith</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_H._Andrewes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher H. Andrewes (stranica ne postoji)">Christopher H. Andrewes</a>, i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_P._Laidlaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick P. Laidlaw (stranica ne postoji)">Patrick P. Laidlaw</a> su filtrirali mogućeg uzročnika iz sline zaražene osobe te ga ubrizgali u lasicu. Kako je lasica pokazivala simptome gripe dokazano je da je izolirano tijelo uzročnik gripe. Kasnija istraživanja su pokazala da je to bio virus tipa A, te su <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>. i <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a>. izolirani tipovi B odnosno C. </p><p><a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a>. su znanstvenici pokazali da se cjepivom može kontrolirati bolest gripe, a prva su cjepiva razvijena radi zaštite vojnika tijekom <a href="/wiki/Drugi_svjetski_rat" title="Drugi svjetski rat">drugog svjetskog rata</a>, no zbog nečistoća su uzrokovala groznicu, glavobolje i slične učinke. Sa današnjom tehnologijom cjepivo je gotovo bez nečistoća te tako uvelike smanjuje moguće simptome. </p><p>Unatoč svim poboljšanjima, proizvodnja cjepiva protiv gripe ostaje izazov, te ni današnja cjepiva ne pružaju 100 postotnu zaštitu, a mogu i ne imati nikakva utjecaja zbog promjene samog virusa. Neki znanstvenici smatraju da cjepiva neće nikada moći kontrolirati gripu te rade na izumu lijeka koji liječi bolest nakon pojave prvih simptoma. Dok se ne pronađe lijek znanstvenici se nadaju da će identifikacija i prijave novih sojeva na vrijeme pomoći da se smanje epidemije i smrt od gripe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odjeljak Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Reference"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556849">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WHO2014-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WHO2014_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WHO2014_1-1">1,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WHO2014_1-2">1,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WHO2014_1-3">1,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WHO2014_1-4">1,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WHO2014_1-5">1,5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WHO2014_1-6">1,6</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WHO2014_1-7">1,7</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs211/en/">„Influenza (Seasonal) Fact sheet N°211”</a>. who.int. March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 25 November 2014</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Influenza+%28Seasonal%29+Fact+sheet+N%C2%B0211&rft.atitle=&rft.date=March+2014&rft.pub=who.int&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fmediacentre%2Ffactsheets%2Ffs211%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CDC2014Key-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CDC2014Key_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CDC2014Key_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CDC2014Key_2-2">2,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CDC2014Key_2-3">2,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/flu/keyfacts.htm">„Key Facts about Influenza (Flu) & Flu Vaccine”</a>. cdc.gov. September 9, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 26 November 2014</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Key+Facts+about+Influenza+%28Flu%29+%26+Flu+Vaccine&rft.atitle=&rft.date=September+9%2C+2014&rft.pub=cdc.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fflu%2Fkeyfacts.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dub2011-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Dub2011_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Duben-Engelkirk, Paul G. Engelkirk, Janet (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.ca/books?id=RaVKCQI75voC&pg=PA355"><i>Burton's microbiology for the health sciences</i></a> (9th ed. izd.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. str. 314. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9781605476735" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9781605476735">9781605476735</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Burton%27s+microbiology+for+the+health+sciences&rft.aulast=Duben-Engelkirk&rft.aufirst=Paul+G.+Engelkirk%2C+Janet&rft.au=Duben-Engelkirk%2C%26%2332%3BPaul+G.+Engelkirk%2C+Janet&rft.date=2011&rft.pages=str.%26nbsp%3B314&rft.edition=9th+ed.&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=Wolters+Kluwer+Health%2FLippincott+Williams+%26+Wilkins&rft.isbn=9781605476735&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRaVKCQI75voC%26pg%3DPA355&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harr2012-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Harr2012_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Harr2012_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Harr2012_4-2">4,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Harr2012_4-3">4,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Longo, Dan L. (2012). „187: Influenza”. <i>Harrison's principles of internal medicine.</i> (18th ed. izd.). New York: McGraw-Hill. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9780071748896" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9780071748896">9780071748896</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=187%3A+Influenza&rft.atitle=Harrison%27s+principles+of+internal+medicine.&rft.aulast=Longo&rft.aufirst=Dan+L.&rft.au=Longo%2C%26%2332%3BDan+L.&rft.date=2012&rft.edition=18th+ed.&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.isbn=9780071748896&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brankston2007-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Brankston2007_5-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Brankston2007_5-1">5,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Brankston G, Gitterman L, Hirji Z, Lemieux C, Gardam M (April 2007). „Transmission of influenza A in human beings”. <i>Lancet Infect Dis</i> <b>7</b> (4): 257–65. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS1473-3099%2807%2970029-4">10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70029-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17376383">17376383</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Transmission+of+influenza+A+in+human+beings&rft.jtitle=Lancet+Infect+Dis&rft.aulast=Brankston+G%2C+Gitterman+L%2C+Hirji+Z%2C+Lemieux+C%2C+Gardam+M&rft.au=Brankston+G%2C+Gitterman+L%2C+Hirji+Z%2C+Lemieux+C%2C+Gardam+M&rft.date=April+2007&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=257%E2%80%9365&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1473-3099%2807%2970029-4&rft_id=info:pmid/17376383&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jeff2011-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Jeff2011_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Jeff2011_6-1">6,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Jefferson T, Del Mar CB, Dooley L, et al. (2011). „Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses”. <i>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</i> (7): CD006207. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2F14651858.CD006207.pub4">10.1002/14651858.CD006207.pub4</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21735402">21735402</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Physical+interventions+to+interrupt+or+reduce+the+spread+of+respiratory+viruses&rft.jtitle=Cochrane+Database+Syst+Rev&rft.aulast=Jefferson+T%2C+Del+Mar+CB%2C+Dooley+L%2C+et+al.&rft.au=Jefferson+T%2C+Del+Mar+CB%2C+Dooley+L%2C+et+al.&rft.date=2011&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=CD006207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F14651858.CD006207.pub4&rft_id=info:pmid/21735402&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mich2013-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Mich2013_7-0">7,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Mich2013_7-1">7,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Michiels, B; Van Puyenbroeck, K; Verhoeven, V; Vermeire, E; Coenen, S (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3614893/">„The value of neuraminidase inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of seasonal influenza: a systematic review of systematic reviews.”</a>. <i>PLoS ONE</i> <b>8</b> (4): e60348. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0060348">10.1371/journal.pone.0060348</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3614893">3614893</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23565231">23565231</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+value+of+neuraminidase+inhibitors+for+the+prevention+and+treatment+of+seasonal+influenza%3A+a+systematic+review+of+systematic+reviews.&rft.jtitle=PLoS+ONE&rft.aulast=Michiels&rft.aufirst=B&rft.au=Michiels%2C%26%2332%3BB&rft.au=Van+Puyenbroeck%2C+K&rft.au=Verhoeven%2C+V&rft.au=Vermeire%2C+E&rft.au=Coenen%2C+S&rft.date=2013&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=e60348&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0060348&rft_id=info:pmc/3614893&rft_id=info:pmid/23565231&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3614893%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ebe2013-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Ebe2013_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Ebell, MH; Call, M; Shinholser, J (April 2013). „Effectiveness of oseltamivir in adults: a meta-analysis of published and unpublished clinical trials.”. <i>Family practice</i> <b>30</b> (2): 125–33. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Ffampra%2Fcms059">10.1093/fampra/cms059</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22997224">22997224</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effectiveness+of+oseltamivir+in+adults%3A+a+meta-analysis+of+published+and+unpublished+clinical+trials.&rft.jtitle=Family+practice&rft.aulast=Ebell&rft.aufirst=MH&rft.au=Ebell%2C%26%2332%3BMH&rft.au=Call%2C+M&rft.au=Shinholser%2C+J&rft.date=April+2013&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=125%E2%80%9333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ffampra%2Fcms059&rft_id=info:pmid/22997224&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TenThings-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-TenThings_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/pandemic10things/en/index.html">„Ten things you need to know about pandemic influenza”</a>. World Health Organization. 14 October 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090923231756/http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/pandemic10things/en/index.html">Arhivirano</a> iz originala na datum 2009-09-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 26 September 2009</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Ten+things+you+need+to+know+about+pandemic+influenza&rft.atitle=&rft.date=14+October+2005&rft.pub=World+Health+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fcsr%2Fdisease%2Finfluenza%2Fpandemic10things%2Fen%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">World Health Organization. World now at the start of 2009 influenza pandemic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2009/h1n1_pandemic_phase6_20090611/en/index.html">http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2009/h1n1_pandemic_phase6_20090611/en/index.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Palmer, S. R. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.ca/books?id=S90mOwgdz9kC&pg=PA332"><i>Oxford textbook of zoonoses : biology, clinical practice, and public health control</i></a> (2. ed. izd.). Oxford u.a.: Oxford Univ. Press. str. 332. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9780198570028" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9780198570028">9780198570028</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oxford+textbook+of+zoonoses+%3A+biology%2C+clinical+practice%2C+and+public+health+control&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=S.+R.&rft.au=Palmer%2C%26%2332%3BS.+R.&rft.date=2011&rft.pages=str.%26nbsp%3B332&rft.edition=2.+ed.&rft.place=Oxford+u.a.&rft.pub=Oxford+Univ.+Press&rft.isbn=9780198570028&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS90mOwgdz9kC%26pg%3DPA332&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15728170-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15728170_12-0">12,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15728170_12-1">12,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15728170_12-2">12,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15728170_12-3">12,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Call S, Vollenweider M, Hornung C, Simel D, McKinney W (2005). „Does this patient have influenza?”. <i>JAMA</i> <b>293</b> (8): 987–97. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.293.8.987">10.1001/jama.293.8.987</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15728170">15728170</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Does+this+patient+have+influenza%3F&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.aulast=Call+S%2C+Vollenweider+M%2C+Hornung+C%2C+Simel+D%2C+McKinney+W&rft.au=Call+S%2C+Vollenweider+M%2C+Hornung+C%2C+Simel+D%2C+McKinney+W&rft.date=2005&rft.volume=293&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=987%E2%80%9397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1001%2Fjama.293.8.987&rft_id=info:pmid/15728170&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/flu/symptoms.htm">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention > Influenza Symptoms</a> Page last updated 16 November 2007. Retrieved 28 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AmericanJournalEpidemiology2008-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-AmericanJournalEpidemiology2008_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/167/7/775.full">Time Lines of Infection and Disease in Human Influenza: A Review of Volunteer Challenge Studies</a>, <i>American Journal of Epidemiology</i>, Carrat, Vergu, Ferguson, et al., <i>167</i> (7): 775–785, 2008. "... In almost all studies, participants were individually confined for 1 week ..." See especially <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/167/7/775/F5.expansion.html">Figure 5</a> which shows that virus shedding tends to peak on day 2 whereas symptoms tend to peak on day 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Suzuki E, Ichihara K, Johnson AM (January 2007). „Natural course of fever during influenza virus infection in children”. <i>Clin Pediatr (Phila)</i> <b>46</b> (1): 76–9. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F0009922806289588">10.1177/0009922806289588</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17164515">17164515</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Natural+course+of+fever+during+influenza+virus+infection+in+children&rft.jtitle=Clin+Pediatr+%28Phila%29&rft.aulast=Suzuki+E%2C+Ichihara+K%2C+Johnson+AM&rft.au=Suzuki+E%2C+Ichihara+K%2C+Johnson+AM&rft.date=January+2007&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=76%E2%80%939&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0009922806289588&rft_id=info:pmid/17164515&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Merck-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Merck_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec17/ch198/ch198d.html">„Influenza: Viral Infections: Merck Manual Home Edition”</a>. Merck<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 15 March 2008</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Influenza%3A+Viral+Infections%3A+Merck+Manual+Home+Edition&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Merck&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merck.com%2Fmmhe%2Fsec17%2Fch198%2Fch198d.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid10476766-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid10476766_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Silva ME, Cherry JD, Wilton RJ, Ghafouri NM, Bruckner DA, Miller MJ (August 1999). „Acute fever and petechial rash associated with influenza A virus infection”. <i>Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America</i> <b>29</b> (2): 453–4. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F520240">10.1086/520240</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10476766">10476766</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Acute+fever+and+petechial+rash+associated+with+influenza+A+virus+infection&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Infectious+Diseases+%3A+an+Official+Publication+of+the+Infectious+Diseases+Society+of+America&rft.aulast=Silva+ME%2C+Cherry+JD%2C+Wilton+RJ%2C+Ghafouri+NM%2C+Bruckner+DA%2C+Miller+MJ&rft.au=Silva+ME%2C+Cherry+JD%2C+Wilton+RJ%2C+Ghafouri+NM%2C+Bruckner+DA%2C+Miller+MJ&rft.date=August+1999&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=453%E2%80%934&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F520240&rft_id=info:pmid/10476766&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Richards-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Richards_18-0">18,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Richards_18-1">18,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Richards S (2005). „Flu blues”. <i>Nurs Stand</i> <b>20</b> (8): 26–7. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16295596">16295596</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Flu+blues&rft.jtitle=Nurs+Stand&rft.aulast=Richards+S&rft.au=Richards+S&rft.date=2005&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=26%E2%80%937&rft_id=info:pmid/16295596&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Heikkinen T (July 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_acta-paediatrica_2006-07_95_7/page/778">„Influenza in children”</a>. <i>Acta Paediatr.</i> <b>95</b> (7): 778–84. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F08035250600612272">10.1080/08035250600612272</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16801171">16801171</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Influenza+in+children&rft.jtitle=Acta+Paediatr.&rft.aulast=Heikkinen+T&rft.au=Heikkinen+T&rft.date=July+2006&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=778%E2%80%9384&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F08035250600612272&rft_id=info:pmid/16801171&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_acta-paediatrica_2006-07_95_7%2Fpage%2F778&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Kerr AA, McQuillin J, Downham MA, Gardner PS (1975). „Gastric 'flu influenza B causing abdominal symptoms in children”. <i>Lancet</i> <b>1</b> (7902): 291–5. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2875%2991205-2">10.1016/S0140-6736(75)91205-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/46444">46444</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gastric+%27flu+influenza+B+causing+abdominal+symptoms+in+children&rft.jtitle=Lancet&rft.aulast=Kerr+AA%2C+McQuillin+J%2C+Downham+MA%2C+Gardner+PS&rft.au=Kerr+AA%2C+McQuillin+J%2C+Downham+MA%2C+Gardner+PS&rft.date=1975&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=7902&rft.pages=291%E2%80%935&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2875%2991205-2&rft_id=info:pmid/46444&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eccles-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Eccles_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Eccles, R (2005). „Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza”. <i>Lancet Infect Dis</i> <b>5</b> (11): 718–25. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS1473-3099%2805%2970270-X">10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16253889">16253889</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+symptoms+of+the+common+cold+and+influenza&rft.jtitle=Lancet+Infect+Dis&rft.aulast=Eccles&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Eccles%2C%26%2332%3BR&rft.date=2005&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=718%E2%80%9325&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1473-3099%2805%2970270-X&rft_id=info:pmid/16253889&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Hui DS (March 2008). „Review of clinical symptoms and spectrum in humans with influenza A/H5N1 infection”. <i>Respirology</i> <b>13 Suppl 1</b>: S10–3. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1440-1843.2008.01247.x">10.1111/j.1440-1843.2008.01247.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18366521">18366521</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Review+of+clinical+symptoms+and+spectrum+in+humans+with+influenza+A%2FH5N1+infection&rft.jtitle=Respirology&rft.aulast=Hui+DS&rft.au=Hui+DS&rft.date=March+2008&rft.volume=13+Suppl+1&rft.pages=S10%E2%80%933&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1440-1843.2008.01247.x&rft_id=info:pmid/18366521&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid11088084-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid11088084_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Monto A, Gravenstein S, Elliott M, Colopy M, Schweinle J (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/reprint/160/21/3243.pdf">„Clinical signs and symptoms predicting influenza infection”</a>. <i>Arch Intern Med</i> <b>160</b> (21): 3243–7. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1001%2Farchinte.160.21.3243">10.1001/archinte.160.21.3243</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11088084">11088084</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Clinical+signs+and+symptoms+predicting+influenza+infection&rft.jtitle=Arch+Intern+Med&rft.aulast=Monto+A%2C+Gravenstein+S%2C+Elliott+M%2C+Colopy+M%2C+Schweinle+J&rft.au=Monto+A%2C+Gravenstein+S%2C+Elliott+M%2C+Colopy+M%2C+Schweinle+J&rft.date=2000&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=21&rft.pages=3243%E2%80%937&rft_id=info:doi/10.1001%2Farchinte.160.21.3243&rft_id=info:pmid/11088084&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchinte.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F160%2F21%2F3243.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmif12361816-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmif12361816_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Smith K, Roberts M (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-medicine_2002-09_113_4/page/300">„Cost-effectiveness of newer treatment strategies for influenza”</a>. <i>Am J Med</i> <b>113</b> (4): 300–7. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0002-9343%2802%2901222-6">10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01222-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12361816">12361816</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cost-effectiveness+of+newer+treatment+strategies+for+influenza&rft.jtitle=Am+J+Med&rft.aulast=Smith+K%2C+Roberts+M&rft.au=Smith+K%2C+Roberts+M&rft.date=2002&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=300%E2%80%937&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0002-9343%2802%2901222-6&rft_id=info:pmid/12361816&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_american-journal-of-medicine_2002-09_113_4%2Fpage%2F300&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pimd12965940-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pimd12965940_25-0">25,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pimd12965940_25-1">25,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pimd12965940_25-2">25,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pimd12965940_25-3">25,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Rothberg M, Bellantonio S, Rose D (2 September 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.annals.org/content/139/5_Part_1/321.full.pdf">„Management of influenza in adults older than 65 years of age: cost-effectiveness of rapid testing and antiviral therapy”</a>. <i>Annals of Internal Medicine</i> <b>139</b> (5 Pt 1): 321–9. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.7326%2F0003-4819-139-5_part_1-200309020-00007">10.7326/0003-4819-139-5_part_1-200309020-00007</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12965940">12965940</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Management+of+influenza+in+adults+older+than+65+years+of+age%3A+cost-effectiveness+of+rapid+testing+and+antiviral+therapy&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Internal+Medicine&rft.aulast=Rothberg+M%2C+Bellantonio+S%2C+Rose+D&rft.au=Rothberg+M%2C+Bellantonio+S%2C+Rose+D&rft.date=2+September+2003&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=5+Pt+1&rft.pages=321%E2%80%939&rft_id=info:doi/10.7326%2F0003-4819-139-5_part_1-200309020-00007&rft_id=info:pmid/12965940&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.annals.org%2Fcontent%2F139%2F5_Part_1%2F321.full.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/">Lab Diagnosis of Influenza.</a> Retrieved 1 May 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-New-England-Journal-Medicine-Hospitalized-H1N1-Patients-2009-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-New-England-Journal-Medicine-Hospitalized-H1N1-Patients-2009_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa0906695#t=abstract">Hospitalized Patients with 2009 H1N1 Influenza in the United States, April–June 2009</a>, New England Journal of Medicine, Jain, Kamimoto, et al., 12 November 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WHO-press-conference-Dr-Nikki-Shindo-12-Nov-2009-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-WHO-press-conference-Dr-Nikki-Shindo-12-Nov-2009_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/vpc_transcript_12_november_09_nikki_shindo.pdf">Transcript of virtual press conference with Gregory Hartl, Spokesperson for H1N1, and Dr Nikki Shindo, Medical Officer, Global Influenza Programme, World Health Organization</a>, 12 November 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesDeniseGradySept2009-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesDeniseGradySept2009_29-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/04/health/research/04flu-001.html?_r=1">Report Finds Swine Flu Has Killed 36 Children</a>, New York Times, DENISE GRADY, 3 September 2009.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odjeljak Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Literatura"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41379810">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><span class="citation Journal">Beigel JH; Farrar J; Han AM i dr.. (September 2005). „Avian influenza A (H5N1) infection in humans”. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> <b>353</b> (13): 1374–85. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJMra052211">10.1056/NEJMra052211</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16192482">16192482</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Avian+influenza+A+%28H5N1%29+infection+in+humans&rft.jtitle=N+Engl+J+Med.&rft.aulast=Beigel+JH&rft.au=Beigel+JH&rft.au=Farrar+J&rft.au=Han+AM&rft.au=Hayden%2C%26%2332%3BFG&rft.au=Hyer%2C%26%2332%3BR&rft.au=De+Jong%2C%26%2332%3BMD&rft.au=Lochindarat%2C%26%2332%3BS&rft.au=Nguyen%2C%26%2332%3BTK&rft.au=Nguyen%2C%26%2332%3BTH&rft.date=September+2005&rft.volume=353&rft.issue=13&rft.pages=1374%E2%80%9385&rft_id=info:doi/10.1056%2FNEJMra052211&rft_id=info:pmid/16192482&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Bernd Sebastian Kamps, Christian Hoffmann and Wolfgang Preiser (Eds.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.InfluenzaReport.com/">Influenza Report</a>, 225 pp, PDF, free download. Flying Publisher 2006</li> <li><span class="citation book">Levine, Arnold J (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780716750314"><i>Viruses</i></a>. New York: Scientific American Library. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-7167-5031-7" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-7167-5031-7">0-7167-5031-7</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Viruses&rft.aulast=Levine%2C+Arnold+J&rft.au=Levine%2C+Arnold+J&rft.date=1992&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Scientific+American+Library&rft.isbn=0-7167-5031-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780716750314&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">Baron, Samuel (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mmed"><i>Medical microbiology</i></a> (4th izd.). Galveston, Tex: University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-9631172-1-1" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-9631172-1-1">0-9631172-1-1</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medical+microbiology&rft.aulast=Baron%2C+Samuel&rft.au=Baron%2C+Samuel&rft.date=1996&rft.edition=4th&rft.place=Galveston%2C+Tex&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Medical+Branch+at+Galveston&rft.isbn=0-9631172-1-1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fbooks%2Fbv.fcgi%3Frid%3Dmmed&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Cox NJ, Subbarao K; Subbarao (October 1999). „Influenza”. <i>Lancet</i> <b>354</b> (9186): 1277–82. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2899%2901241-6">10.1016/S0140-6736(99)01241-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10520648">10520648</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Influenza&rft.jtitle=Lancet&rft.aulast=Cox+NJ%2C+Subbarao+K&rft.au=Cox+NJ%2C+Subbarao+K&rft.au=Subbarao&rft.date=October+1999&rft.volume=354&rft.issue=9186&rft.pages=1277%E2%80%9382&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2899%2901241-6&rft_id=info:pmid/10520648&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-3-211-80892-4" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-3-211-80892-4">978-3-211-80892-4</a> The Influenza Viruses Hoyle L 1968 Springer Verlag</li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Kilbourne ED; Zhang, Yan B; Lin, Mei-Chen (January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol12no01/05-1254.htm">„Influenza pandemics of the 20th century”</a>. <i>Emerging Infect Dis.</i> <b>12</b> (1): 9–14. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3201%2Feid1201.051254">10.3201/eid1201.051254</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3291411">3291411</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16494710">16494710</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Influenza+pandemics+of+the+20th+century&rft.jtitle=Emerging+Infect+Dis.&rft.aulast=Kilbourne+ED&rft.au=Kilbourne+ED&rft.au=Zhang%2C%26%2332%3BYan+B&rft.au=Lin%2C%26%2332%3BMei-Chen&rft.date=January+2006&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=9%E2%80%9314&rft_id=info:doi/10.3201%2Feid1201.051254&rft_id=info:pmc/3291411&rft_id=info:pmid/16494710&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fncidod%2FEID%2Fvol12no01%2F05-1254.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">Collier, Richard (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/plagueofspanish00coll"><i>The plague of the Spanish lady: the influenza pandemic of 1918–1919</i></a>. New York: Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-333-13864-3" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-333-13864-3">0-333-13864-3</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+plague+of+the+Spanish+lady%3A+the+influenza+pandemic+of+1918%E2%80%931919&rft.aulast=Collier%2C+Richard&rft.au=Collier%2C+Richard&rft.date=1974&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.isbn=0-333-13864-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fplagueofspanish00coll&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">Barry, John M (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greatinfluenzaep00john"><i>The great influenza: the epic story of the deadliest plague in history</i></a>. New York, N.Y: Viking. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-670-89473-7" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-670-89473-7">0-670-89473-7</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+great+influenza%3A+the+epic+story+of+the+deadliest+plague+in+history&rft.aulast=Barry%2C+John+M&rft.au=Barry%2C+John+M&rft.date=2004&rft.place=New+York%2C+N.Y&rft.pub=Viking&rft.isbn=0-670-89473-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgreatinfluenzaep00john&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">George Dehner (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=DTp9tQAACAAJ"><i>Influenza: A Century of Science and Public Health Response</i></a>. University of Pittsburgh Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-8229-6189-5" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-8229-6189-5">978-0-8229-6189-5</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Influenza%3A+A+Century+of+Science+and+Public+Health+Response&rft.aulast=George+Dehner&rft.au=George+Dehner&rft.date=2012&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-8229-6189-5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDTp9tQAACAAJ&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since August 2021" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Mrtvi_eksterni_linkovi" title="Wikipedija:Mrtvi eksterni linkovi">mrtav link</a></i>]</span></sup></li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Webster RG, Bean WJ, Gorman OT, Chambers TM, Kawaoka Y; Bean; Gorman; Chambers; Kawaoka (1 March 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC372859/">„Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses”</a>. <i>Microbiol Rev.</i> <b>56</b> (1): 152–79. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC372859">372859</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1579108">1579108</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evolution+and+ecology+of+influenza+A+viruses&rft.jtitle=Microbiol+Rev.&rft.aulast=Webster+RG%2C+Bean+WJ%2C+Gorman+OT%2C+Chambers+TM%2C+Kawaoka+Y&rft.au=Webster+RG%2C+Bean+WJ%2C+Gorman+OT%2C+Chambers+TM%2C+Kawaoka+Y&rft.au=Bean&rft.au=Gorman&rft.au=Chambers&rft.au=Kawaoka&rft.date=1+March+1992&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=152%E2%80%9379&rft_id=info:pmc/372859&rft_id=info:pmid/1579108&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC372859%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Steinhauer DA, Skehel JJ; Skehel (2002). „Genetics of influenza viruses”. <i>Annu. 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Dis.</i> <b>12</b> (1): 44–7. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3201%2Feid1201.051186">10.3201/eid1201.051186</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3291409">3291409</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16494716">16494716</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Antiviral+response+in+pandemic+influenza+viruses&rft.jtitle=Emerging+Infect.+Dis.&rft.aulast=Garc%C3%ADa-Sastre+A&rft.au=Garc%C3%ADa-Sastre+A&rft.date=January+2006&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=44%E2%80%937&rft_id=info:doi/10.3201%2Feid1201.051186&rft_id=info:pmc/3291409&rft_id=info:pmid/16494716&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fncidod%2FEID%2Fvol12no01%2F05-1186.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Zambon MC (2001). „The pathogenesis of influenza in humans”. <i>Rev Med Virol.</i> <b>11</b> (4): 227–41. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Frmv.319">10.1002/rmv.319</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11479929">11479929</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+pathogenesis+of+influenza+in+humans&rft.jtitle=Rev+Med+Virol.&rft.aulast=Zambon+MC&rft.au=Zambon+MC&rft.date=2001&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=227%E2%80%9341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frmv.319&rft_id=info:pmid/11479929&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Dowdle WR (January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol12no01/05-1013.htm">„Influenza pandemic periodicity, virus recycling, and the art of risk assessment”</a>. <i>Emerging Infect. Dis.</i> <b>12</b> (1): 34–9. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3201%2Feid1201.051013">10.3201/eid1201.051013</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3291401">3291401</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16494714">16494714</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Influenza+pandemic+periodicity%2C+virus+recycling%2C+and+the+art+of+risk+assessment&rft.jtitle=Emerging+Infect.+Dis.&rft.aulast=Dowdle+WR&rft.au=Dowdle+WR&rft.date=January+2006&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=34%E2%80%939&rft_id=info:doi/10.3201%2Feid1201.051013&rft_id=info:pmc/3291401&rft_id=info:pmid/16494714&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fncidod%2FEID%2Fvol12no01%2F05-1013.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Horimoto T, Kawaoka Y; Kawaoka (January 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-microbiology-reviews_2001-01_14_1/page/129">„Pandemic threat posed by avian influenza A viruses”</a>. <i>Clin Microbiol Rev.</i> <b>14</b> (1): 129–49. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1128%2FCMR.14.1.129-149.2001">10.1128/CMR.14.1.129-149.2001</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC88966">88966</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11148006">11148006</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Pandemic+threat+posed+by+avian+influenza+A+viruses&rft.jtitle=Clin+Microbiol+Rev.&rft.aulast=Horimoto+T%2C+Kawaoka+Y&rft.au=Horimoto+T%2C+Kawaoka+Y&rft.au=Kawaoka&rft.date=January+2001&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=129%E2%80%9349&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FCMR.14.1.129-149.2001&rft_id=info:pmc/88966&rft_id=info:pmid/11148006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_clinical-microbiology-reviews_2001-01_14_1%2Fpage%2F129&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/wer/wer8126.pdf">Epidemiology of WHO-confirmed human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1) infection</a></li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Harper SA, Fukuda K, Uyeki TM, Cox NJ, Bridges CB; Fukuda; Uyeki; Cox; Bridges; Advisory Committee On Immunization Practices (Acip) (July 2005). „Prevention and control of influenza. 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Dis.</i> <b>12</b> (1): 55–60. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3201%2Feid1201.051068">10.3201/eid1201.051068</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3291404">3291404</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16494718">16494718</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vaccines+and+antiviral+drugs+in+pandemic+preparedness&rft.jtitle=Emerging+Infect.+Dis.&rft.aulast=Monto+AS&rft.au=Monto+AS&rft.date=January+2006&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=55%E2%80%9360&rft_id=info:doi/10.3201%2Feid1201.051068&rft_id=info:pmc/3291404&rft_id=info:pmid/16494718&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fncidod%2FEID%2Fvol12no01%2F05-1068.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation Journal">Palese P (January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol12no01/05-1043.htm">„Making better influenza virus vaccines?”</a>. <i>Emerging Infect. Dis.</i> <b>12</b> (1): 61–5. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3201%2Feid1201.051043">10.3201/eid1201.051043</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3291403">3291403</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16494719">16494719</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Making+better+influenza+virus+vaccines%3F&rft.jtitle=Emerging+Infect.+Dis.&rft.aulast=Palese+P&rft.au=Palese+P&rft.date=January+2006&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=61%E2%80%935&rft_id=info:doi/10.3201%2Feid1201.051043&rft_id=info:pmc/3291403&rft_id=info:pmid/16494719&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fncidod%2FEID%2Fvol12no01%2F05-1043.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Influenca"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/guidelines/recommendationvaccine.pdf">WHO (PDF) contains latest Evolutionary "Tree of Life" for H5N1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060824004040/http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/guidelines/recommendationvaccine.pdf">Arhivirano</a> 2006-08-24 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> article <i>Antigenic and genetic characteristics of H5N1 viruses and candidate H5N1 vaccine viruses developed for potential use as pre-pandemic vaccines</i> published 18 August 2006</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/influenza/WHO_CDS_EPR_GIP_2006_3C.pdf">WHO's assessment of Flu Research</a> as of November 2006.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjske_veze">Vanjske veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odjeljak Vanjske veze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenca&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vanjske veze"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="width: 300px"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Influenza" title="commons:Category:Influenza"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 20px;"><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Influenza" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Influenza">Influenca</a></b></i> na <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica_-_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Glavna stranica - Главна страница">Wikimedijinoj ostavi</a> </div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ers-education.org/pages/default.aspx?id=331">ERS Online Course on Influenza</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/flu/">Info on influenza</a> at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.outbreakalerts.com/">Outbreak Alerts</a> United States based communicable disease notification website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs211/en/index.html">Fact Sheet</a> Overview of influenza at World Health Organization</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://origem.info/misms/index.php">The Multinational Influenza Seasonal Mortality Study (MISMS)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909230155/http://origem.info/misms/index.php">Arhivirano</a> 2016-09-09 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a> Fogarty International Center</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/FLU/flubiology.html">Influenza Virus Resource</a> from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eiss.org/">European Influenza Surveillance Scheme</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111013203342/http://www.eiss.org/">Arhivirano</a> 2011-10-13 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vega.org.uk/video/programme/6">Online video discussing influenza outbreaks and spread of other infectious diseases</a> (Vega Science Trust)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.path.org/vaccineresources/influenza.php">PATH Vaccine Resource Library influenza resources</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fludb.org/">Influenza Research Database</a> – Database of influenza genomic sequences, serotypes, polymorphisms, structures, epitopes, drugs and related tools</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.recombinomics.com/whats_new.html?">Recombinomics – What's New</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170313210001/http://www.recombinomics.com/whats_new.html">Arhivirano</a> 2017-03-13 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>: Up to date details of circulating strains.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr">Izvor: <a dir="ltr" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Influenca&oldid=41857812">https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Influenca&oldid=41857812</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorija</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Influenca" title="Kategorija:Influenca">Influenca</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Sakrivene kategorije: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Svi_%C4%8Dlanci_s_mrtvim_eksternim_linkovima" title="Kategorija:Svi članci s mrtvim eksternim linkovima">Svi članci s mrtvim eksternim linkovima</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Kategorija:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica je posljednji put izmijenjena 30. marta 2024. u 11:52.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>; mogu se primijeniti i dodatni uslovi. 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